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Error & Vectors Final Practice With cheat code

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Cheat Code
MAX. PERMISSIBLE ERROR
Case : () If f(x, y) = x + y
(f)max = x + y
Case : () If f =x–y
(f)max = x + y
Case : () If f(x, y, z) = (constant) xaybzc
 f  x y z
  = max of (± a ±b ±c )
 f max x y z

eg. In order to determine the Young's Modulus of a wire of radius 0.2cm (measured using a scale of least
count = 0.001cm) and length 1m (measured using a scale of least count = 0.001cm) and length 1cm
(measured using a scale of least count = 1mm), a weight of mass 1kg (measured using a scale of least
count = 1g) was hanged to get the elongation of 0.5cm (measured using a scale of least count 0.001cm).
What will be the fractional error in the value of Young's Modulus determined by this experiment?
[JEE MAIN 2021]
(1) 0.14% (2) 0.9% (3) 9% (4) 1.4%

Stress FL mg  L
Sol. Y  
Strain Al πR 2 
ΔY Δm ΔL ΔR Δ
   2 
Y m L R
ΔY  1 1  0.001  0.001  1 1 1 14
100  100    2        1.4%
Y 1000 1000  0.2  0.5  10 10 5 10
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eg. The maximum error in the measurement of resistance, current and time for which current flows in an
electrical circuit are 1%, 2% and 3% respectively. The maximum percentage error in the detection of the
dissipated heat will be: [JEE MAIN 2022]
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8

Ans. (4)
Sol. EH = I2R × t
E 2I R T
100  100  100   100
E I R T
=2×2+1+3=8
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Cheat Code

eg. If the screw on a screw- gauge is given six rotations, it moves by 3 mm on the main scale. If there are 50
divisions on the circular scale the least count of the screw gauge is [JEE MAIN 2020]
(1) 0.01 cm (2) 0.02 mm (3) 0.001 cm (4) 0.001 mm

Ans. (3)
Sol. Given on six rotation, reading of main scale changes by 3m.
1
 1 rotation corresponds to mm
2
Also no. of division on circular scale = 50.
0.5
mm = 0.001 cm.
50
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eg. In an experiment to find out the diameter of wire using screw gauge, the following observation were
noted : [JEE MAIN 2022]

(a) Screw moves 0.5 mm on main scale in one complete rotation

(b) Total divisions on circular scale = 50
(c) Main scale reading is 2.5 mm
(d) 45th division of circular scale is in the pitch line
(e) Instrument has 0.03 mm negative error
Then the diameter of wire is :
(1) 2.92 mm (2) 2.54 mm (3) 2.98 mm (4) 3.45 mm

Ans. (3)
Sol. MSR = 2.5 mm
0.5
CSR = 45 × mm = 0.45 mm
50
Diameter reading = MSR + CSR – zero error = 2.5 + 0.45 – (–0.03) = 2.98 mm
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Cheat Code

eg. The venire scale used for measurement has a positive zero error of 0.2 mm. If while taking a
measurement it was noted '0' on the venire scale lies between 8.5 cm and 8.6 cm, venire coincidence is
6, then the correct value of measurement is ______ cm. [JEE MAIN 2021]
(least count = 0.01 cm)
(1) 8.36 cm (2) 8.54 cm (3) 8.58 cm (4) 8.56 cm

Sol. Positive zero error = 0.2 mm = 0.02 cm

Main scale reading = 8.5 cm
Venire scale reading = 6 × 0.01 = 0.06 cm
Final reading = 8.5 + 0.06 – 0.02 = 8.54 cm
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eg. A travelling microscope is used to determine the refractive index of a glass slab. If 40 divisions are there
in 1 cm on main scale and 50 Vernier scale division are equal to 49 main scale division , then least
[count of the travelling microscope is _______× 10-6 m. [JEE MAIN 2022]

Ans. (5)
Sol. 50 VSD = 49 MSD
49
1VSD  MSD
50
 49  1
Least count = 1 MSD – 1 VSD  1   MSD  MSD
 50  50
1
1MSD  cm
40
1 1 1
Least count  cm  cm  105 m  0.5 105 m  5 106 m
50  40 2000 2
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Cheat Code
C  B A
A

B C
B Bsin

 
A Bcos
 Bsin  
C  A2  B2  2ABcos  ;   tan 1  
 A  B cos  

eg. If A and B are two vectors satisfying the relation 𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵

⃗⃗ = |𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ | . Then the value of |𝐴⃗ − 𝐵
⃗⃗ | will be:
[JEE MAIN 2021 (JULY)]
(1) A 2  B2 (2) A 2  B2  2AB
(3) A 2  B2  2AB (4) A 2  B2  2AB

Sol. A.B | A  B |
ABcos = ABsin = 45°
|AB| = A2  B2  2ABcos 45
A 2  B2  2AB
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eg. If A   2iˆ  3jˆ  kˆ  m and B   ˆi  3jˆ  2kˆ  m. The magnitude of component of vector A along vector B
will be ______ m.

Ans. (2)
Sol. A   2iˆ  3jˆ  kˆ  m and B   ˆi  3jˆ  2kˆ  m Component of A along B = A.B

A.B 262 6
 = 2
| B| 12  22  22 3