Il1lhis section of the test, you will have an oppartunity to demonstrate your ability to

,".derstand conversations and talks in English. There are three parts ro this section, with
•
,pecial instructions for each part. Answer all the questions on the basis of what is stated
o. implied by the speakers. When you take an actuallTP test, you will not be allowed to
Idke notes or write in your testbook. Try to work on this Practice Test in the same way.

(tion 1, Part A
Directions: In Pa rt A, you will hear shart conversations between two people. Afrer each
conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and
questions will not be repeated. Afrer you hea r a question, read the fou r possible answers
in this booklet and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, nnd the number
or the question and nll in lhe space that carresponds lO lhe lerter of the answer you
have chosen.

Here is an example:

On the recarding, you hear: Sample Answer

. ®©®
In your booklel, yOll read: (A) He doesn't like the painting either.
(B) He doesn't know how to painl.
(e) He doesn't have any paintings.
(D) He doesn't know what to do.
You learn frorn the conversation that neither the ma n nar the woman li kes the painting.
The besl answer to the question "What does the man mea nl"is (A), "He doesn't like the
painting eilher:' Therefore, the correct choice is (A).

15
lo (A) There are many different
airline fa res available.
(B) .Travel agents are al! the'
same.
(C) It matters where tickets are
6. (A) Notify the post office 01 his
issued.
(D) It makes no difference
where the tickets are
purchased.
2. (A) They should be picked
belore they're ripe.
(B) They should have been
picked already.
7. (A) He doesn't like his new
(C) They'l! get picked when
they tum a certain color.
(D) They won't be picked until
next year.
3. (A) A two-bedroom apartment
may be too expensive.
(B) The woman should not
move off campus.
8. (A) Talk to Dr. Boyd about an
(C) The woman should pay
the rent by check.
(D) The university has a list of
rental properties.
4, (A) The man olten fiatters
Judy.
(B) Judy is th inking about
getting her hair cut.
(C) She hasn't seen Judy's new
haircut.
(D) She agrees with the man
about Judy's appearance.
16
S. (A) Watching a movie.
.,
(B) Ta lking on the phone.
• (B) He doesn't like orange
(C) Picking up herfriends.
(D) Eating dinner.
newaddress.
(B) Check to see il the mail has
arrived.
(C) Send the letter by special
delivery.
(D) Answer the letters alter he
moves.
glasses.
(B) His regular glasses are
being repai red.
(C) He thinks his eyesight is
improving.
(D) He's decided to go without
glasses.
assignment.
(B) Return their books to the
library.
(C) Meet Dr. Boyd atthe
library.
(D) Make an appointment with
their teacher on Friday.
9. (A) There is no orange ju ice in 13. (A) The man may use the
the machine .
telephone soon.
(B) The man should hurry.
juice. (C) She'l l cal! George for the
(C) He prefers milk to orange mano
, juice. (D) She's waiting lor a call.
(D) The machine is broken.
14. (A) She's difficu lt to understand.
10. (A) The man shou ldn'ttake the (B) She gives longer
new job assign ments than
(B) She's sorry the man isn't Prolessor Brown.
being promoted. (C) Her lectu res are interesting.
(C) It isn't easy to keep secrets (D) Her elass meets more olten
at work. than Professor Brown's.
(D) She won't tel! anyone
about the man's lS. (A) The exam had more
promotion. sections than she
expected.
11 . (A) He has made other plans (B) She was surprised that the
lor lunch. exam was so difficult.
(B) He has al ready eaten his (C) Part 01 the exam was easier
lunch. than she expected.
(C) He'd like to ask Bill to join (D) She didn't have time to
them. study lor the exam.
(D) He's meeting Bil! in the
cafeteria tomorrow 16. (A) He's only fin ished hall of his
lunch.
12. (A) Compla ining about the (B) He's going to eat soon.
man's behavior. (C) He'l! continue lO work until
(B) Repeating an insensitive he finishes.
rema rk. (D) He'l! start working ha ll an
(C) Denying her involvement hour Irom now
in an argument.
(D) Accepting the man's
apology
17

17. (A) The bank was closed when
she got there.
(6) The ba nk stayed open later
than usual.
(e) She was able to do her
banking.
(O) She didn't have enough
time to go te the bank.
18. (A) The man has to sign his
name.
(8) The woman will give the
man an information kit
(e) The woma n can't And the
lis!.
(D) The man has already paid
to attend the conference.
19. (A) She doesn't know the way.
(8) The café is near the
,nformation desk.
(e) The man should get his
own map.
(O) The café isn't marked on
the map.
20. (A) He'd like te get a ride from
the woman.
(8) He lives very near the
woman.
(e) He doesn't want to go
downtown.
(O) He thinks the woman is
going the wrong way.
18
25. (A) She doesn't have time to 28. (A) The supervisor hasn't
21. (A) He'lI see the woman at the
buy groceries now. explained what he needs
dentist's office.
(8) He'lI miss seeing the • (8) The stere wil l probably go to do.
out of business soon. (8) His work is viewed
woman at work.
(e) She hopes the store hasn't favorably.
(e) He'lI try to make
already closed. (e) He's impressed by his
arrangements for the
(O) The store on the comer has supervisor.
woman.
inconvenient hours. (D) His back problems have
(D) He'1I schedule a different
affected his work recently.
dental appointment
26. (A) The man's house has no
electricity. 29. (A) The slide projector has
22. (A) The woman should avoid
(8) The TV's plug might be been repaired.
getting cold.
broken. (8) The room is ready for the
(8) It's easy to get sick in cold
(e) The man ca n't afford lO fix meeting.
weather.
the TV. (e) He'lI take care of the slide
(e) The woman should get
(D) The TV might not need lO projector aher lunch.
more rest.
be fixed. (D) Everyone is waiting for the
(D) Dressing warmly can
meeting to begin.
prevent illness.
27. (A) Get a new computer ror the
woman. 30. (A) Wear a blue jacket
23. (A) The man won't be ready
(8) Ask Gary to move the (8) Oress warmly.
for tonight's class.
woman's furniture. (e) Wear something cool.
(8) The man will not be able te :
(e) Find out if a bigger office is (O) Wear cotton pants.
go to the store before
class. available.
(C) She'lI take the man to the (D) Request a new cha ir for the
mall tonight woman.
(O) The class schedule has
been cha nged.
24. (A) Richard ohen goes home
early.
(S) The woma n expected
Richard to be at home.
(e) Richard should not leave
workea rl y.
(O) The woman called Richard
30 minutes ago.
19
 31. (A) To get help in finding a 35. (A) She has won a literary
Section 1, Part B new college. award.
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After eaé" • (8) To change his major. (8) She has been profiled in a
conversation, you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not (e) To mi out an application for literary journal.
be repeated. college. (e) Her novel has sold very
(D) ,To find out how to change well.
After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your book and choose the dormilOries. (D) Her contract with a
best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the publisher has been
space that corresponds lO the letter of the answer you have chosen. 32. (A) A small school does not extended.
offer a wide range of
Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book. courses. 36. (A) A criminal.
(8) His tuition will not be (8) A poet.
refunded. (C) A radio announcer.
(e) ehanging majors involves (D) A police officer.
a lot of paperwork.
37. (A) To learn more about her
(D) He may not be able lO
research find ings.
transfer all hiscredits.
(8) To learn how she writes so
33. (A) He doesn't like his many books.
professors. (C) To find out how she
(8) His elasses are too difflcult. learned to write poetry.
(e) He can't transfer his credits (D) To find ways to improve his
from his previous school. own writing.
(D) He doesn't get along with
38. (A) To take notes for
his room mate.
newspaper artieles.
34. (A) The registrar's office. (8) To keep track of the
(8) The admissions office. number of hours she
(e) The housing office. spends writing.
(D) The math department. (e) To record ideas she has
when she is not at her
desk.
(D) To document evidence for
a police investigation.

20 21
Section 1, Part ( 39. (A) Preparing for a hurricane. 44, (A) It was pa id far by tlle
(B) Damage (aused by a United Sta tes Congress.
Dir.elions: In this part ofthe test, you wlil hear severa I short talks. Afler each t¿ik, you • hurricane. (B) It was run by private
will hear some questions. The talks and questions will not be repeated. (C) Coastal weather patrerns. companies.
(D) Evacuation procedures. (C) It was regulated by the
Afler you hear a question, read the lour possible answers in your book and choose the
govern menl.
best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the questlon and fill in the 40. (A) Th~ navy. (D) It was mainly for farmers.
space that corresponds to the letler 01 the answer you have chosen. (B) A government weather
Here is an example: agency. 45. (A) Many post office locations
(C) State police headquarters. were inconvenient.
On the recordi ng, you hea r: 5ample Answer (D) A loca l shelter. (B) Bad roa ds delayed mai l
®® . ® delivery.
41. (A) Cover windows. (C) The postal rates were too
Now listen to a sample question: (B) Buya supply of food and high.
water. (D) There were not enough
In your book, you read: (A) To demonstrate the latest use of computer graphics.
(S) To discuss the possi bility of an economic depresslon. (C) Locate the nearest shelter ma il carriers to deliver
(C) To explain the workings olthe brain. (D) Leave coastal areas. mail.
(D) To dramatize a famous mystery story.
42. (A) Gas stations might not 46. (A) They were indifferent to il.
The best answer lO the question, "What is the main purpose 01 the program?"is (C), "To be open. (B) They thought it should
explain the worklngs of the brain!'Th erelore, th e correct answer is (C). (B) Fuel rnig ht increase in have been done long
price. before.
Now listen to another sample question: 5ample Answer
(e) They may need to drive (C) They thought it was
®®© .
neighbors lO shelters. unnecessary.
In your book, you read: (A) It is required of all science majors. (D) There may be long lines at (D) They thought It had to be
(B) It will never be shown again. the gas stations. accepted despite ItS coSl.
(C) It can help viewers improve their memory ski lis.
(D) It will help with course work. 43. (A) The economic impact of 47. (A) The properties of quartz
The best answer to the question "Why does the speaker recommend watching the mail delivery on rural crystals.
prog ram 7" is (D), "It will help wi th course work!' Therefore, the correct choice is (D). areas. (B) A method of Identifying
(B) A compa rison of urban minerals.
Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in the test book. and rural mail delivery. (C) The life of Friedrich Mohs.
(C) Government mail delivery (D) A famous collection 01
in (ities. minerals.
(D) The introduction of mail
delivery in rural areas.

22 23
 · ,. -.'.
l
~ " .
.
, .
. ,
." ,
'.
'-'
"'). • ",,'\'.':e< • , _ .;/~_>

48. (A) Its estimated value. 50. (A) When it is scratched in Time: 2S minutes, including the reading of directions
(B) Its crystalline structure. different directions.
N<¡ov set your clock for 25 minutes.
(e) Its chemical composition. (B) When greater pre1sure is
(D) Its relative hardness. applied. This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is
(e) When its surface is appropriate for standard written English. There are two types of questions in this
49. (A) eollect so me minerals as scratched too frequently. section, with,special directions lar each type.
homework. (D) When the tes ter uses the
(B) Identify the tools he is wrong tools.
using. Structure
(e) Apply the informati on
given in the talk. Directions: Questions 1-15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you
(D) Pass their papers to the will see fou r words or phrases, marked (A), (8), (C) and (D). ehoose the one word or
front 01 the room. phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number
01 the question.and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you
have chosen.
This is the end of Section 1.
Example I Sample Answer
Stop work on Section 1 now. ® . ©®

Turn off your (O player. Geysers have often been campa red lo volcanoes _ _ they both emit hot liquids
from below the Earth's surface.
Read the directions for Section 2 and begin work. (A) due to
DO NOT read or work on any other section ofthe test during the next 25 minu (B) beca use
(e) in spite 01
(D) regard less 01
The sentence should read, "Geysers have olten been campa red to volcanoes beca use
they both emit hot liquids from beneath the Earth's surlace:' Thererore, the correct
choice is (B).

Example 11 Sample Answer

®®© .
During the early period 01 ocean navigation, _ _ any need lar sophisticated
instruments and techniques.
(A) so that hardly
(8) when there hardly was
(e) hard ly was
(D) there was hard ly

24 25
The sentence should read, "Ouring the earlier period of ocean navigation, there was 1. 5ince the early 1950's, _ _ S, As a country develops from
hardly any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques." Therefore, the correct throughout the world has an agricultural to an industrial
answer is (O). • • more than doubled. economy, the attitudes, values,
(A) the demand for food structures, and functions of the
(B) there is demand for food family _ _.
Now begin work on the questions.
(e) iMood is in demand (A) the change
(O) food, a demand that (B) which change
t
(e) change
2, Even though he did not attend (O) changing
school untí! hé was twelve,
Oc. Sam uel e. e. Ting was _ _ 6. On ly a few sou nds prod uced
the Nobel Prize in Physics In by insects are heard by
1976. humans _ _ most of the
(A) won sounds are pitched either too
(B) the winning low or too high.
(e) the winner of (A) in spite of
(O) to bewon (B) because
(C) as a result of
3, Gas particles move _ _ (O) instead of
when the gas is hot than when
it is cold. 7. The ordinary chair _ _ in
(A) fast countless shapes, sizes, styles,
(B) faster and materials.
(e) as fast (A) has been made
(O) fastest (B) to be made
le) is making
4. The different colors of _ _ ID) been making
the different temperatures of
the stars' surfaces. 8, For 125 yea rs after _ _ initial
(A) the stars indicate use at Harvard in 1642, the
(B) indicating stars Bachelor of Arts degree was
(e) the indication that the the only degree awarded by
stars colleges in the United 5tates.
(O) stars indicating that (A) its
lB) it was
(e) being
(O) when

26 27
 9. Since the Sun illuminates half 13. The upper part in a harmonic
the surface ofthe Moon, only arrangement _ _ by, mixed
Written Expression
half the surface _ _ can be voices is usually written for a •
Directions: In questions 16-40, each sentence has four underlined words or phrases.
seen from the Earth. soprano voice. The four underlined parts ofthe sentence are marked (A), (B), (C) and (D).ldentify the
(A) most (A) tobesung one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be
(B) much (B) as singing corree!. Then. on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the
(C) with more (C) to be singing space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
(D) at most (D) was sung

10. The novel s ofConstance Examplel Sample Answer

14. The first school _ _ the stat
Fenimore Woolson, _ _, . ®©@
ofWashington was opened at
have special interest for their old Fort Vancouver in 1832. Guppies are sometimes gjj rainbow fish because of the males'bright colors.
regional settings. (A) is now A BCD
(A) in a nineteenth-century (B) is that in
wrlter (C) what is that The sentence should read, "Guppies are sometimes called rainbow fish because of the
(B) a nineteenth-century writer (D) in what is now males' bright colors."Therefore, you should choose (A).
(C) the nineteenth-century
writing 1S. Radio, _ _, developed from
Examplen Sample Answer
(D) wrote about the nineteenth the theories and experiments
® . ©@
century of many people.
(A) like other many inventions ~ severalterm in Congress, Shirley Chisholm became an important United States
11. _ _ Oklahoma is important (B) like many other inventions A B C
as a farming state, it is even (C) inventions like many other
more important for its rich oil (D) many other like inventions politician.
deposits. D
(A) By
(B) Although The sentence should read, "Serving several terms in Congress, Shirley Chisholm became
(e) In order for
an important United Sta tes politician."Therefore, you should choose (B).
(D) Coneerning
Now begin work on the questions.
12. No animal seems _ _ on a
diet of peat moss.
(A) survived
(B) can survive
(e) of surviving
(O) able to survive

28 29
 25, Pictures ea lled glass mosaies are made by setting small pieees of eolors glass
A B e
, • inro fresh plaster.
16. While attempting to fly hers plane around the world in 1937, Amelia Earhart
A B e o
mysteriously disappeared.
o 26. Approximately every nine~een month Venus and the Sun reaeh thr greatest

17. Richard Wright's Unde Toms Children, a collection of short stories, were a angular separation in the solar system.
A B e o
critical success when it appeared in 1938
e o 27. Anth ropologists reeently have fou nd evidence rhat, centuries ago, Inuits
A
18, The pri ncipie on which the boat ca lled a hydrofoil is designed is identically to used to entering their sllbterranean homes through tunnel s, which
A
B
thar demonsrrated by an airplane wlng moving through airo helped keep the eold out and the heat ln.
B e o e o
19. Migrating butterflies can rravellong distanl Over water. 28, The rree poreupine is found in wooded areas throughout most from
A B e o A B e o
North Ameriea.
20. During a early period in rhe settlement of the western United Sta tes, pioneers
A 29, ,TO date, only a small pereentage of all glass ma~ufaetured in the United States
claimed parts of rhe wilderness by marking trees ro establish a boundary.
B e o is reeycled, but markets for reeycled glass that are growing steadily.
B e o
21. AII digital compu ters use binary, or two-va llled. digits instead than decimal. o
A B e 30. The oeeans are the major souree of the armospherie moisrure thar is obrained
ten -valued. dig its 10 represent and store data. A B e
D through evaporaror.
o
22, An ambassador serves as a nation's highest-ranking diplomacy in another
A B e 31, Qnbi rhose insects with high developed, multilensed eyes have good
country. A B e
o color visiono
D
23. Early adolescence is a developmental phase consisting of rapid changes in
A B e 32. The Earrh's armosphere funetions mueh like a giant greenhouse, admitting
behavior. psychological. and hormones. A
O sunlight between outer space bur preventing heat from eseaping.
B e o
24, Knowledge from the fronriers of research gencric will increasingly pose difficul
A B e 33. The almond tree which produces the oldest speeies of nut and is the most
problems for policy makers and for society in general. A B
D widely orown of all nut trees.
e D
30 31
 I
I ~:'
~:' .

34. Fran Tannenbaum, a paleontology student dOlng sum mer fieldwork, lound a l ime: 55 min utes, includ ing the read ing ofthe directions
A B (
completelv seventy-live-mi lli.on-year-old lossil egg near (hatea u, Mon_ana. NOI.. set you r clock for 55 minutes.
O
Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each passage is fol lowed by
35. Fencing, originally developed as a sport in lou rteenth century. was included in l everal questions about ir. For questions 1-50, you are to choose the one besr answer,
A 8
(A), (B), (e) or (D), to ea eh question.Then, on you r answer sheet, find the number of
the first modern Olympic Games Qf 1896.
( O the question and fil l in the space that corresponds to the lerrer of the answer you have
chosen.
36. Oeprh within ancient tombs, 3,OOO-yea r-old peanuts have been found
A B e Answer all questions following a passage on the basis 01 what is stated or implied in
alongside mummies. the passage.
D

37. Art Nouveau developed in the 1890's when artlsts dld a conscious effort to
A B (
break with what they regarded as worn-out formu las of the pasr.
O
'----
38. The most widely cultivated all of fru it trees, the apple is second on ly to the
A B
grape in its importance as a temperate-zone fru ir.
e D
39. Pawnbrokm g, or making loans to customers who pledge personal or
A B e unraveL
household goods as security, is one of th e oldest trade known.
O Example I
40. Of 1901 to 1914, acclai med actor Douglas Fa irban ks appeared on stage In
A B
a series of light comedies.
e D
This is the end of Section 2.
11 you 1inish in les5 than 25 minutes, check your work on Section 2 only.
DO NOT read or work on any other section of the test.
At the end of 25 minutes, go on to Section 3.
Read the following sample passage:
The rallroad was not the fi rst institution to impose regu la rity on society,
or to draw anention to the im portance of precise timekeeping. For as long as
merchants have set out th ei r wares al daybreak and communa l festivities have
/"" been celebrated, pea pie have becn in roug h agreement with their neighbors as
to the time of day. The val ue of this tradition 15 today more apparent than ever.
Were it not for public acceptance of a single yardstick 01 time, socia l life would be
unbearably chaotic: the massive daily transfers 01 goods, services, and information
would proceed in firs and sta rts; the very fabric of modern society wou ld begin ro
Sample Answer
®®e®
What is the main idea 01 the passage?
(A) In modern society, we must take more time lor our neighbors.
(8) The trad itions 01 society are timeless.
(e) An accepted way of measunng time is essentlal for the smooth fu nctioning
olsociety.
(O) 50ciety Judges people by th e times at which they conduct certain activities.
The ma in idea of rhe passage is thal societies need to agree about how time is to be
rneasu red in order to lunction smooth ly. Therelore, you shou ld choose (e}

Use exactly 55 minutes lO work on Section 3.

32 33
ExampleU Sample Answe,
®®© .
" •
In line 5, the phrase"this tradition" refers to
(A) the practice of starting the business day at dawn
(B) friendly relations between neighbors
(e) the rail road's relia nce on time schedules
(O) people's agreement on the measurement of time
The phrase "this tradition" refers to the preceding clause, "people have been in rough
agreement with their neighbors as to lhe time of daY:'Therefore, you should choose
(O)

Now begin work on the questions.

No test material on this page.

34 35
 Que,tion, 1-10 1. The word "it" in !ine 2 relers to 6. Which ofthe following
(A) paper statements IS true of the ball ln
The ballpoint pen i~ the universal writing instrument of the twentieth centur • a ballpoint pen?
(B) ink reservoir
When the tiny metal ball at the writing tip is drawn across a sheet of paper, it (A) It is ntted directly into the
(e) writing instrument
rotates within a housing at the end of an ink reservoir and is coated with ink, tube.
(D) ball
Une whlch it transfers to the papero (B) It controls the ftow of ink.
5 The nrst ballpoint pen was invented by John Loud in 1888. Loud has been 2. The word "housing" in !ine 3 is (e) It has a small hole.
working on a desig n for a non leaking pen ro mark leather and fabrics and, closest in meaning to (D) It contains a reservoir of
although his cumbersome design was similar in essence ro the modern item, it (A) poinr ink.
was never manufactured in large quantities and the patent was allowed to expir (B) residence
The nrst workable design was patented in 1938 and beca me widely accepted in (e) case 7. The author mentions a "suction
10 1942 when the United States Army required a pen that would not leak in high- (D) orbit pump" in line 17 to indicate a
ftying aircraft. function of the
The ball of the pen is fi tted into a socket so that it rotates freely. Several 3. It can be inferred from the (A) reservoi r
internal ducts in the socket feed ink ro the ball; the other end of the socket is passage thar lhere was inlerest (B) plastic tu be
fitted onto a metal or plastic tu be that contains lhe ink. When the bal l is pressed in designing a new lype of pen (e) socker
15 on paper and moved, the capillary action draws the ink Irom the reservoir. In because lhe old ones (D) ball
effect, the ball functions as a valve to prevent overflow, and on rotation it acts as (A) were too big
suction pu mp drawing out the ink. (B) were expensive 8. The word "which" in line 19
One problern was thar as some 01 the ink ran out, a partial vacuum was (e) leaked refers lo
forrned between the back of the ball and ink reservoir, which cut off the supply. (D) cracked (A) supply
20 This was solved by making a sma ll hole at rhe fa r end of the reservo". As lhe ink (B) back of rhe ba ll
4. The word "expire" in !ine 8 is (e) partial vacuum
at the tip is sucked out, more ink from the tube is drawn inlo the socker to fill its
closest in meaning to (D) ink reservoir
place, the vacuum being prevented by air that is drawn through the venl.
(A) end
Disposable ballpoints have improved considerably in efficiency and rel iabi!i~
(B) change 9. What was the purpose of
since 1938. Further improvements made recently inelude the production of a pe rhe small hole mentioned in
(C) copy
25 that writes at any angle, even upside down, and the development of a new ink
(D) expand !ine 20 7
that is erasable.
(A) To drain off excess ink
5. It can be inferred thar the (B) To improve ink ftow lo the
ba llpoi nt pen nrst gained tip of the pen
popularityamong (e) To reduce rhe amount of
(A) mi!itary personnel air in the pen
(B) businesspeople (D) To allow the reservoir to be
(e) scientists refilled
(D) artists

36 37
10. Until recentlyone lim itation of
ballpoint pens was
(A) their inability to function . "
upside down
lB) the cast of replacing empty
reservoirs
(e) the fragility of the point
ID) carrosion due to the ink

Section 3 continues. Turn the page and read the next passage.

38 39
 11, The passage focuses on the 15. The words'each other" in
Que.!ion.11-20
United Sta tes in rhe 1920's line 15 referto
8y the 1920's in the Vnited States, great change had been made in di>::y life • primarily in terms of the (A) improvements in
by an accumulation ofinventions that had been produced in increasing number transportation
(A) creativity of American
since the Civil War. These teehnologieal innovations created what, in effeet, was (8) parts of the country
inventors
¡me socia l revolution. (e) bicycles and trolleys
(8) decline in social
5 Improvements in eommunieations served to knit more elosely citizens of (D) better highways
relationships
diverse ethnic and political backg rounds. Rapid printing presses, typesetting (e) infiuence of technology on
deviees, and page-plate proeesses made printed matter more widely aeeessible. 16. The word "mobility" in line 17 is
soeiety
The telephone simplilíed persan-to-person communieation. The phonograph, closest in meaning to
(D) negative side of
the silent motion pieture, the radio, and the sound picture for the lírst time mad (A) exeitement
teehnologieal progress
10 auditory and visual impaet simultaneously possible over the whole country and (8) movement
had the inevitable, and perhaps undesirable, effect of establlshing a trend to 12. The word "knit" in line 5 is (e) modernity
national conformlty in thought and feeling. One could call this revolution the closest in meaning to (D) control
nationalizalion of thought and taste. (A) unite
11. According to the passage,
Improvements in transportation made all parts of the country less remate fro (8) attraet
which of the following
/5 each other when measured by the lime req uired ro go from one place to anothe (e) inform
modes of transportation was
8icycles and trolleys put the nation on wheels. Then the auromobile provided th (D) study
negatively affeeted by motor
means for speed and mobility, now so dear to Americans, and brought a deman
13. The word "aeeessible" in line 7 vehicles)
for better highways. 8y the'1920's cargo trucks were beginning to cut into railroa
is closes! in meaning to (A) Trolleys
revenues, and rhe larest wonder, the airplane, was a fairly common sight
(A) understandable (B) Bicycles
20 The transport revolu tion was made possible by the development and
(B) read (e) Trains
perfection of new engines and motors. The internal-combustion engine, using
(e) printed (D) Airplanes
gasoline or oil, could be bui lt in compaet power units admirably su ited to
automobiles, aircraft, and boats. The use of electricity, generated by water power (D) available
18. The passage suggests that
or coal-burning plants, simplifled the problems of rneehanica l power for industri a major advantage of the
14_ Aecording to the author,
25 use and rnade electrieal illumination eommonplaee in cities, indoors and out internal-eombustion engine
expanded eommunications led
Eleetrieity also powered an increasing variety of domestic appliances. was its
to a decrease in
(A) individuality (A) safety
(B) travel (B) size
(e) patriotism (e) durability

(D) entertainment (D) priee

40 41
19. The author identifies all of the 20. Where in the passage does th
following as contributors to author give an example of a
the"social revolution"of the .
('
technolog ical advance that le •
1920's EXCEPT to a demand for improvemen
(A) improved communication in another area'
(B) improved transportation (A) Unes 6-7
(C) improvements resulting (B) Unes 16-17
from electricity (e) Unes 21 -23
(D) improvements in the arts (D) Une 26

Section 3 continues. Turn the page and read the next passage.

42 43
 Questions 21 ·30 21. What ISthe main topie of the 25. Astronomers most probably
passage? use direct photography less
Astronomers have long used di~ect photography to gather large amoU1ts of • (A) The use offalse colors in freq uently today than in the
information from teleseopes. To do this, they have speeiallight-sensitive eoatings image processing pasl beca use
on glass plates, whose size depends on the type ofteleseope employed. Certain (B) The use of wide-field (A) glass plates are no longer
Une wide-field teleseopes eommonly required very large glass plates. These plates do teleseopes in astronomy available
5 not bend, can be measured aeeurately, and can preserve information over a long t (C) New astronomical theories (B) onlya small amount of
period of time, providing a record that an astronomer at a later time can examine (D) Methods used by information is eontained
However, even though long time exposures increase the amount of lighl striking astronomers 10 obtain in a single photograph
the plate so that very faint objeets in the sky eventually show up elearly, even the information (e) alternate ways of
most sensitive plates eonvert only a smal l pereent of the photons striking them observing images have
/0 into an image. For this reason, photography cannot make very effieient use of 22. The word "employed"in line 3 been developed
short time exposu res on a teleseope. Despite this ineffieieney, photography is still is closest In mean ing to (D) photographie data
very useful beca use it works as a two·dimensional detector eovering a large area (A) measured deteriorates quiekly
at a teleseope's foeus. Henee, the information eontained in a single photograph (8) inspected
can be enormous, especially when the photograph is taken with wide-field (C) used 26. What is image processing?
/5 telescopes. (D) purchased (A) The proeess of light waves
Today, the leehnology of newer radio and x-ray telescopes has allowed striking a glass plate
astronomers to view images otherwise invisible to the eye, and direct 23. The word "effieient"in line 10 is (B) A way to produce images
photog raphy is now used less often to gather images. Today's aSlronomers can closest in meaning to more quiCkly
study an enhaneed view of a telescope's foeus on a television monitor; and in (A) productive (C) A reevaluation of old
20 most cases, lhe data can later be eonverted by computer inlo digital form. This (B) frequent phOlograp hs
procedure, called image processing, plays a central role in astronomy today. (C) objective (D) A way computers can
Using false eolors, the computer can display images of informalion otherwise (D) visible present data for analysis
undetectable lO the unaided eye. These eolors are false in the sense that lhey are
24. Which of the following is NOT 27. The word "undeteetable" in
not the actual eolors of the objeet'in the visual range of the spectrum. Rather,
mentioned as an advantage of line 23 is closest in meanlng 10
25 they are eodes lOa specinc property, such as the x-ray emissions from stars.
glass-plate phOlOgraphs? (A) immense
(A) They can be measured (B) inferior
accurately. (C) imperceptible
(B) They can capture the (D) intolerable
images of fa int objeets.
(C) They can be stored for a
long time.
(D) They can be processed
quickly.

44 45
28. Why do computer-generated 30. Where in the passage does
images use false colors? author mention a diS<ldv.3nu
(A) The real objects are too of photography7 •
bright to look at. (A) Unes 1-3
(B) The computer screens have (B) Unes 7- 11
a limited range of colors. (e) Unes 18-21
(C) The properties represented (D) Unes 24-25 t
in the image are not
otherwise visible.
(D) The colors are used to
convert black-and-white
photographs.

29. Why does the author mention

"x-ray emissions" in line 25 7
(A) To discuss the
measurement of energy
flow
(B) To emphasize the precision Section 3 continues. Turn the page and read the next passage.
of direct photography
(C) To provide an example of
what false colors
represent
(D) To compare the properties
of color and movement

46 47
 35, In line 15 the word "Ir" refers ro
Quesllo"s 31-39 31 . What did the group of
Impressionist artists do in (A) container
The artistic movement known as Impressionism was first identified i~ 1874 (B) condition
• 1874'
when a group of artists, dissatisÍíed with the reception of their works by the (A) They radica lly changed (C) oil paint
academic art establishment of their period, chose to hold a separate exhibition (D) color
their style 01 painting.
Une their paintings.
(B) They held their own 36. Which of the following words
5 Despite obvious differences in style, all of these painters were connected
exhibition. does NOT refer to something
by an ability to catch a moment and preserve it on canvas, and in their belief
(C) They adopted new that holds paint?
in the importance of that moment. They readily accepted and made use of the
techniques and
technological advances available to them, and in the end beca me recognized (A) Bladder
technologies.
as proponents of one of the most significant movements in the history of art, a (B) Tube
(D) They refused to paint (e) Condition
/0 movement that produced an aesthetic revolution in art. anything that year.
Several technological breakthroughs were responsible, to some degree, for (D) Container
the creation and execution of the new Impressionist style. One of these was the 32, The word "it" in line 6 refers to 37, What contribution did chemists
invention of a new brush that gave artists greater control. Another useful i (A) style make to the Impressionist
was the collapsible tin tube. This easily reclosed container preserved the oil (B) moment movement?
/5 in a stable condition without altering the color.lt was a great improvement (C) ability (A) New textiles
animal bladders, which had been used for centuries to hold oil painl. The new (D) canvas (B) Berrer canvases
tube was portable and made it possible for artists ro work outside. This freedom
33, The word "readily"in line 7 is (C) Additional colors
made it possible for Impressionist'paintings to "capture the moment;'giving
closest in meaning to (D) Tin tu bes
a feeling of immediacy.
20 Another innovarion was color. Nineteenth-century chemisrs had created a (A) purposely 38_ It can be inferred that
palette of colors, derived from cola tar and other substances. These were first (B) cautiously Impressionist paintings differed
by textile manufacturers and then adopted by artists. They included some (C) cleverly from other nineteenth-century
brighter colors - new shades of blue, green, and yellow, whose tones gave the (D) eagerly paintings in terms 01 which 01
Impressionist paintings their characteristic shimmering quality. the following'
34_ According to the passage,
(A) The size of the canvas
Impressionism is regarded
(B) The brightness of the colors
historicallyas
(e) The value of the painting
(A) a significant, revolutionary
(D) The talent of the artists
movement
(B) an innovative yet minor
style
(C) an unenlightened, radical
phase
(D) a traditional form of
nineteenth-century
painting

48 49
39. Where in the passage does
the author mention two
new technologies avaHable
10 arti sts in the nineteenth
century7
(A) First paragraph
(8) Second paragraph
(e) Third paragraph
(O) Fourth paragraph

Section 3 continues. Tum the page and read the next passage.

so 51
 45. The word "They" in line , S
Queslions 40-50 40. What does the passage mainly
refers to
diseuss?
(A) large eells
Radiocarbon dating and tree-ring dating, in combination, have provicl:d • (A) The effect of drought on
(B) growth rings
a very powerful tool to establish a time spectrum for more recent dates in the tree-ring growth
(e) several reasons
pasUhe initial idea for dating by tree rings can be traced back to , 811. Modern (B) The history of dating trees
(O) environmental factors
Line scientific tree-ring dating, dendroehronology, stems from pioneering work in (e) lhe problems of tree-ring
5 early , 900's. dating 46. According to the passage, the
Usually, but not always, trees produce one ring each year. This ring is formed (O) The formation of growth production of rings from year
by the eambium, whieh lies between the old wood and the bark.ln spring, . rings in ¡rees to year in any given tree is
wood eells with large lumens are manufaetured, but in summer and autumn,
(A) random
the cells become smaller and more thick-walled until with the onset of winter 41. The word "stems" in line 4 is
(B) predetermined
/0 the production of a new eell stops. The same proeess is repeated the following closest in meaning to
(e) variable
year.ln this way a year's growth (annual ring) is imprinted as new wood. The (A) distinguishes
(O) aceelerated
demareation line between summer and autumn wood of the previous year, i (B) recovers
its charaeteris tie small eells, and the spring wood of the year following, with ilS (e) derives 47. The word "reReet" in line 19 is
large ce lis, enables annual rings to be eounted relatively easily. (O) returns closest in meaning to
/5 Growth rings, however, are nO! always the same thiekness. They vary for (A) indieate
42. The approximate age of a tree
several reasons. Environmental faetors rigidly control the degree of growth of an (B) affect
can be determined by
annua l ring or determine whether, in faet, an annual ring appears at all in any (C) confuse
(A) eounting the rings
particular year. Thus in a speeifie locale or, more aecurately, a specific clima tic (O) limit
(B) analyzing the strueture of
province, tree-ring eounts will ~enect climatic conditions and variations due to
the eells 48. A narrow growth ring between
20 inequalities of climate from year to year. In years with abnormal drought, for
(C) examining the eambium two wide growth rings would
example, narrow rings are produeed and sometimes no ring at all. In this way a
(O) measuring the width of probably Indicate
fossil record is Irnprinted for as long as the wood remains intael. From this
the rings (A) an lInusually warm winter
a historieal template can be eonstrllcted to eorrelate one set of growth rings in
one tree with a set of growlh rings in another tree or pieee of timber. (B) the death of an old tree
43. The word "onse!"in line 9 is
25 Another important factor is that tree-ring growth varies with age of the tree. (C) unfavorable climatie
closest in meaning to
eonditions during a single
As the tree marures, the rings become narrower, and this results in the central (A) beginning
rings being wider than those on the outer pan of the tree. year
(B) eoldness
(O) wood cells that had grown
(e) diffieulty
to be very large
(O) darkness
49, Which of the followlng terms is
44. The word "enables" in line 14 IS
defined in the passage?
closest in meaning to
(A) dendroehwnology (line 4)
(A) combines
(B) lumens (Iine 8)
(B) forees
(e) drought (line 20)
(e) encourages
(O) template (line 23)
(O) allows

53
52
 50. The phrase "this pattern" in
line 22 refers ro
(A) the change of seasons "
(B) different clirnates in
different places
(e) the destruction of trees and
forests
(D) variation in the thickness of
tree rings

This is the end of Section 3.

If you finish in less than 55 minutes, check your work on Section 3 only.
Do NOT read or work on any other section of the test.
When you are ready to check your answers, use the answer key on page 94 of this
booklet to deterrnine which questions you answered correctly and incorrectly.

54