A Project Report

On
RealState, House Rental, Property Listing Project PHP, MySQL
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
In
Information technology
Submitted By

Abhishek Mishra (2821603)

Batch (2021-2025)

Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology, Samalkha,

Panipat

Affiliated

Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, India session (2021-2022)

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 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work presented in this project report entitled “Real State,
House Rental, Property Listing Project PHP, MySQL “, in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in information
technology, submitted to Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India is an authentic
record of my own work carried out during the period from August 5 to Sept 5 under
the guidance of colt stele, lead instructor and curriculum director of Codsoft

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my
knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another
person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of
any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except
where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.

Name: Abhishek Mishra

Roll No: 2821603

Date 05/09\2023

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the summer training report reference code : (5c7e5ff) entitled “RealState,
House Rental, Property Listing Project PHP, MySQL” done by Abhishek Mishra, Enrollment
No 2821603 is an authentic work carried out by him at PIET, Samalkha, Panipat under my
guidance. The matter embodied in this project work has not been submitted earlier for the award
of any degree or diploma to the best of my knowledge and belief

Company mentor name

colt Steele,
DESIGNATION lead
instructor and curriculum
director of CODSOFT

Date:05\09\2023

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives us a great sense of pleasure to present the report of the B.Tech Project undertaken
during B.Tech. 3nd year .

I also do not like to miss the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of all faculty
members of the department for their kind assistance and cooperation during the development
of our project. Last but not the least, we acknowledge our friends for their contribution in the
completion of the project.

Signature:

Name : Abhishek Mishra

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 ABSTRACT

The Real Estate House Rental and Property Listing Project is a comprehensive web application
developed using PHP and MySQL. This project aims to streamline the process of property
listing and house rentals, providing a user-friendly platform for property owners to list their
properties and prospective tenants to search and inquire about available rental houses. The
system includes features such as property listing, user authentication, search functionality,
property details, booking management, and a seamless communication channel between
property owners and potential tenants. The integration of PHP for server-side functionality
and MySQL for database management ensures efficient data handling and retrieval, making
the platform a valuable tool for both property owners and tenants in the real estate industry.

Key Features Summary:

User Management:
Secure login and profiles for property owners and tenants.

Property Listings:
Easy creation, management, and categorization of property listings.

Search and Filters:

Advanced search and filters for efficient property searching.

Property Details:
Comprehensive property information with multimedia integration.

Booking and Inquiry Handling:

Booking system and streamlined inquiry management.

Communication:
Integrated messaging for seamless owner-tenant communication.

Admin Dashboard:
Admin interface for platform management and analytics.

Responsive Design:
User-friendly interface accessible on various devices.

Reviews and Ratings:

User feedback and ratings for properties.

Notification System:
Notifications for relevant updates and activities.

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 CONTENTS

Candidate's Declaration
I
Certificate
Ii
Acknowledgement
iii
Abstract
iv
List of Figures
V

List of Tables vi

Chapter No Description Page.No.

CHAPTER ONE Introduction 8-16

CHAPTER TWO SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES 16 -24

CHAPTER THREE REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS 24 -28

CHAPTER FOUR SYSTEM DESIGN 28-33

CHAPTER FIVE TESTING 33-37

CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION 37-38

REFERENCES 38-39

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 CHAPTER ONE
Introduction

1.1 Problem Statement

House Rental is a house/Apartment/home that can be used temporarily for a fee during a
specified period. The individual who needs a house must contact a rental car company and
contract out fora room/home/apartment. This system increases customer retention and
simplify House and staff management.

1.2 Background

1.2.1 How House Rental Services Work

A House rental is a house that can be used temporarily for a period of time with a fee. Renting
a house assists people to live in a comfortable house when they do not have access to build
their own personal homes/houses or. The individual who want to rent a
house/room/apartment/home must first contact the House rental company for the desire
House/Home/apartment. This can bed one online. At this point, this person has to supply
some information such as; dates of rental, and type of house. After these details are worked
out, the individual renting the house must present avail Identification Card. Most companies
throughout the industry make a profit based of the type of house that are rented The rental
houses are categorized into modern Homes, Colonial, apartment, Rentals etc. And customers
are free to choose any house of their choice based on their purse and availability of such
houses at the time of booking.

Benefits of Online House Rental Services:

Convenience and Accessibility:

Online house rental services offer the convenience of browsing and searching for rental
properties from the comfort of one's home, at any time and from anywhere.

Wide Range of Listings:

These platforms typically host a vast and diverse range of rental listings, allowing users to
explore a variety of properties based on their preferences and requirements.

Efficient Search Filters:

Users can easily narrow down their search by utilizing filters such as location, price range,
property type, number of bedrooms, and other specific criteria, enabling a focused search.

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Time-Saving:
Online platforms significantly reduce the time and effort required to find suitable rental
properties by providing quick access to detailed property information and images.

Transparent Information:
Users can access comprehensive property details, including descriptions, amenities, nearby
facilities, and rental terms, promoting transparency and informed decision-making.

Cost-Effective:
Online platforms often eliminate the need for intermediaries, saving users money on
brokerage fees and making the rental process more cost-effective.

Easy Communication:
Online platforms facilitate direct communication between potential tenants and property
owners, streamlining inquiries and viewing scheduling without the need for physical visits
initially.

Real-Time Updates:
Users receive real-time notifications and updates regarding new listings, property availability,
price changes, and responses from property owners, ensuring they are promptly informed.

Review and Rating Systems:

Many online platforms incorporate review and rating systems, allowing users to read
feedback from previous tenants and make more informed decisions regarding a property and
its landlord.

Document Management:
Some online platforms offer features to digitally manage rental documents, making it
convenient for both parties to keep track of agreements, payments, and other important
paperwork.

Secure Transactions:
Trusted online platforms often provide secure payment gateways for rental transactions,
ensuring safe and reliable financial transactions between parties.

Environmentally Friendly:
Utilizing online platforms for house rental services promotes a reduction in paper usage and
contributes to a more eco-friendly approach to the rental process.
In summary, online house rental services offer convenience, a wide selection of listings, time
savings, transparency, cost-effectiveness, effective communication, real-time updates,
informed decision-making, enhanced document management, secure transactions, and
environmental sustainability—all contributing to a more efficient and user-friendly rental
experience.

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1.3 Aims & Objectives

Aims: Enhanced User Experience:

To create an intuitive and user-friendly platform that enhances the overall experience for
individuals seeking to rent or list properties.

Streamlined Property Search:

To simplify the property search process by providing efficient search tools and filters that
match users with suitable rental options.

Efficient Communication:
To facilitate effective and direct communication between property owners and potential
tenants, promoting seamless interactions and inquiries.

Transparency and Trust:

To promote transparency in the rental process by providing accurate property details, real-time
updates, and a reliable review system, fostering trust among users.

Cost-Effective Solutions:
To offer a cost-effective alternative to traditional rental methods by minimizing intermediary
costs and providing direct access to property listings.
Optimized Property Management:

To assist property owners in effectively managing their listings, inquiries, and bookings
through a centralized and easy-to-use management system.

Objectives:

Develop an Intuitive Platform:

Design a user-friendly web application interface that caters to various user demographics,
ensuring an intuitive and enjoyable experience.

Implement Advanced Search and Filters:

Integrate robust search algorithms and filters to enable users to efficiently search for properties
based on their specific requirements.

Enable Direct Communication:

Implement a messaging system that allows seamless and direct communication between
property owners and potential tenants, ensuring timely responses.

Ensure Data Accuracy and Transparency:

Verify and validate property information to ensure accuracy and reliability, providing users
with transparent and trustworthy listings.
Optimize Performance and Speed:
Optimize the platform's performance to guarantee fast loading times and smooth navigation for
an improved user experience.
Implement a Secure Payment System:

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Integrate a secure payment gateway to facilitate safe and secure rental transactions, assuring
both property owners and tenants of the system's reliability.
Incorporate Review and Rating Features:

Develop a review and rating system to encourage user feedback, promoting accountability and
aiding future users in making informed decisions.
Provide Support and Assistance:

Establish a customer support system to assist users in navigating the platform, addressing
concerns, and resolving any issues effectively and efficiently.
By achieving these aims and objectives, the online house rental service aims to revolutionize
the rental process, making it more convenient, transparent, and cost-effective for both property
owners and prospective tenants.

1.4 Purpose, Scope and Applicability:

Purpose:

The purpose of the Online House Rental Services project is to develop a digital platform that
streamlines the process of property rental for both property owners and tenants. The system
aims to provide a user-friendly interface that allows property owners to list their properties
easily while enabling potential tenants to browse and inquire about available rental properties.
The key purpose is to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of the property
rental process by leveraging technology.

Scope:

User Authentication and Profiles:

Property owners and tenants can create accounts and manage their profiles, including
personal information and property preferences.
Property Listings:

Property owners can list their properties with detailed information, images, and pricing.
Tenants can search and view properties based on various criteria.
Communication and Interaction:

A messaging system facilitates communication between property owners and potential tenants
regarding property inquiries and rental arrangements.

Booking and Inquiries:

Tenants can make inquiries and schedule property viewings.

Property owners can manage inquiries and viewing schedules.

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Review and Rating System:

Users can provide feedback and ratings for properties, promoting transparency and trust in
the platform.

Admin Dashboard:
An admin interface allows platform administrators to manage users, listings, and resolve
disputes.

Secure Payment Integration:

Integration of a secure payment gateway for rental transactions and fees.

Applicability:

Property Owners:
Property owners looking to list their properties for rental purposes can use the platform to
reach a wider audience and efficiently manage their listings.

Potential Tenants:
Individuals seeking rental properties can utilize the platform to find suitable properties based
on their preferences, saving time and effort in the property search process.

Real Estate Agents:

Real estate agents can use the platform to list properties on behalf of property owners,
expanding their reach and client base.

Property Management Firms:

Property management firms can use the platform to efficiently handle the rental process and
attract potential tenants for the properties they manage.

Students and Working Professionals:

Students and working professionals relocating to new cities can use the platform to find
suitable rental accommodations, aiding in a smooth transition and settlement process.

Corporate Housing Providers:

Corporate housing providers can list their furnished properties on the platform, targeting
professionals seeking temporary housing solutions.
The project aims to cater to a broad audience involved in the property rental market,
providing a digital platform that simplifies and enhances the rental experience for all
stakeholders.

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The application will be a windows-based, self-contained and independent software product.

Request for Data

HTML/ASP .aspx page with

Page over the result
Client Machine (Server)
Database

Retrieve Data

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 Flow chart(DFD)

Search
Who areproperty
we

contact
home
login
user
Product &services
Realestate
website About us
speciality
Employee Login
staff
Employee profile
Username & password

login
View Search property
property

address
Contact us
telephone
Update Add new Register
propertyli propertylis new user Email id
sting ting Quick
Enter zip code or city
search
name

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ADVANTAGES

Advantages of Online House Rental Services:

Convenience and Accessibility:

Users can access a wide range of rental listings anytime, anywhere, making the process of
finding rental properties extremely convenient.

Time-Efficient:
Online platforms streamline the property search process, saving users significant time
compared to traditional methods of searching for rental properties.

Comprehensive Property Information:

Users have access to detailed property information, photos, amenities, location details, and
rental terms, enabling informed decision-making.

Efficient Communication:
Direct communication between property owners and potential tenants is facilitated, allowing
for quick inquiries, clarifications, and property viewing arrangements.

Cost-Effective:
Online platforms often eliminate brokerage fees or reduce them, resulting in cost savings for
both property owners and tenants.

Real-Time Updates:
Users receive real-time notifications about new listings, property availability, inquiries, and
messages, ensuring they stay updated with relevant information.

Wider Range of Options:

Users can explore a broad range of properties based on their preferences, budget, and
location, enabling them to find the best match for their needs.

Reviews and Ratings:

Users can read reviews and ratings provided by previous tenants, offering insights into the
quality of the property and the landlord, fostering trust and confidence in the decision-making
process.

Document Management and E-Signatures:

Some platforms facilitate electronic document management, allowing users to digitally sign
rental agreements and manage paperwork efficiently.

Secure Transactions:
Integration of secure payment gateways ensures safe transactions for rental payments and
booking fees.

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Environmentally Friendly:
Utilizing online platforms reduces the need for physical paperwork and contributes to a more
eco-friendly and sustainable approach to the rental process.

Tailored Search and Filters:

Advanced search filters enable users to refine their search based on specific criteria such as
location, budget, property type, and amenities, resulting in a more tailored property search
experience.

24/7 Availability:
Online platforms are accessible 24/7, allowing users to browse and inquire about properties at
any time that suits them, accommodating varying schedules and preferences.
In summary, online house rental services offer numerous advantages, including convenience,
time savings, detailed property information, efficient communication, cost-effectiveness, real-
time updates, a wide range of options, user reviews, streamlined document management,
secure transactions, environmental benefits, tailored search options, and round-the-clock
availability, making them a preferred choice for both property owners and tenants.

METHDOLOGY USED FOR DATA COLLECTION

Data collection can be done through various sources like interviews, questionnaire, document

analysis or Internet.

1. Primary Data: Interview and Internet

2. Secondary Data: Document Analysis

DATA COLLECTED BY INTERNET

Data about the brief description of organization is collected through Internet i.e. through the

existing website of real estates like: -

• Makana .com

• 99 acres.com

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DATA COLLECTION THROUGH INTERVIEW

Interview is an easy way to interact with the customer. The objective of conducting an interview

is to understand the customer’s expectations from the software. Are you satisfied with current

website?

1. If not, what is the problem you are facing?

2. What all improvements are suggested?

3. Any suggestion to improve this website?

4. Any special feature that you want to be added to website?

DATA COLLECTED THROUGH DOCUMENT ANALYSIS

Data is also collected by various documents which demonstrate the working of the

system and through the newspaper’ Times Property’

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 CHAPTER TWO
SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES

PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely used server-side scripting language primarily

designed for web development but is also utilized as a general-purpose programming
language. It was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994 and has since evolved into a powerful
language supported by a vast developer community.

Here are key aspects and features of PHP:

Server-Side Scripting:
PHP is executed on the server side, generating dynamic content that can be sent to the client's
web browser. This allows for efficient server-client communication and data processing.

Open Source:
PHP is an open-source scripting language, making it freely available to the public. The open-
source nature promotes collaboration, innovation, and widespread adoption.

Cross-Platform Compatibility:
PHP is compatible with major operating systems like Windows, Linux, macOS, and various
web servers like Apache, Nginx, and IIS.

Integration Capabilities:
PHP can easily integrate with various databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite,
and others, making it a popular choice for database-driven web applications.

Support for Web Standards:

PHP supports a wide range of web standards, such as HTTP, HTTPS, XML, HTML, CSS,
and JavaScript, enabling seamless integration with existing web technologies.

Extensible and Modular:

PHP supports modularity through a rich set of extensions and libraries, allowing developers
to easily extend its functionality to suit their specific project requirements.

Easy to Learn and Use:

PHP has a relatively simple and straightforward syntax, making it accessible to beginners
while providing powerful capabilities for advanced developers.

Large Developer Community:

PHP has a vast and active community of developers, providing support, tutorials,
frameworks, and resources, contributing to the language's growth and evolution.

Frameworks and CMSs:

PHP is the foundation for popular frameworks like Laravel, Symfony, CodeIgniter, and
CMSs like WordPress, Drupal, and Joomla, which simplify and accelerate web development.

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Rapid Development:
PHP enables rapid prototyping and development of web applications due to its quick
development cycles and robust frameworks.

Security Features:
PHP incorporates security features and functions to prevent common web vulnerabilities,
although developers need to follow best practices to ensure a secure codebase.

Scalability:
PHP applications can be scaled to handle high traffic and increased demand by optimizing
code, utilizing caching mechanisms, and deploying on powerful servers or in a cloud
environment.
PHP has played a significant role in the development of countless websites, web applications,
e-commerce platforms, content management systems, and various other online solutions. Its
versatility, ease of use, and extensive community support make it a popular choice for web
development.

PHP Syntax:
PHP syntax is the set of rules and conventions used to write PHP code correctly. Here's an
overview of the basic PHP syntax:

Opening and Closing PHP Tags:

PHP code is enclosed within <?php (opening tag) and ?> (closing tag) to indicate the start
and end of PHP code.
php
Copy code
<?php
// PHP code here
?>
Comments:

Comments can be added to PHP code for documentation or explanation using // for single-
line comments or /* */ for multi-line comments.
php
Copy code
// Single-line comment

/*
* Multi-line comment
*/
Semicolons (;):

Statements in PHP end with a semicolon to separate each instruction.

php
Copy code
$variable = "Hello, world!"; // Statement ends with a semicolon
Variables:

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Variables in PHP start with a dollar sign $ followed by the variable name. They are case-
sensitive.
php
Copy code
$name = "John";
Data Types:

PHP has various data types such as integers, floats, strings, booleans, arrays, objects, null,
etc.
php
Copy code
$integerVar = 42; // Integer
$floatVar = 3.14; // Float
$stringVar = "Hello"; // String
$boolVar = true; // Boolean
Echo and Print:

echo and print are used to output data to the browser. echo is more commonly used.
php
Copy code
echo "Hello, world!";
print("Hello, world!");
String Concatenation:

Strings can be concatenated using a period (.).

php
Copy code
$str1 = "Hello";
$str2 = "World";
echo $str1 . ", " . $str2;
If...Else Statements:

Conditional statements for decision making.

php
Copy code
if (condition) {
// code if condition is true
} else {
// code if condition is false
}
Loops:

PHP supports loops like for, while, and do-while.

php
Copy code
for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
// code to be executed
}
while (condition) {
// code to be executed

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}
Functions:

Functions in PHP are defined using the function keyword.

php
Copy code
function functionName($parameter) {
// code to be executed
return $result;
}

These are some fundamental aspects of PHP syntax, essential for writing PHP code and
developing functional web applications. Remember to follow the correct syntax to ensure
your PHP code runs without errors.

Working Of PHP:
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is a server-side scripting language, meaning it runs on a web
server and processes code to generate dynamic content. Here's an overview of how PHP
works:

Client Sends a Request:

When a user makes a request to a web server, for example, by entering a URL in a web
browser and hitting Enter, the request is sent to the server.

Web Server Processes the Request:

The web server, such as Apache or Nginx, receives the request and determines if PHP
processing is needed based on the file extension (e.g., .php). If the requested file is a PHP
file, the server directs the request to the PHP interpreter.

PHP Interpreter Executes PHP Code:

The PHP interpreter reads and processes the PHP code within the PHP tags (<?php ... ?>) in
the requested file. It executes the code sequentially, line by line, and performs any necessary
computations, operations, or database interactions.

Dynamic Content Generation:

PHP can generate dynamic HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and other types of content based on the
executed code. Variables, loops, conditionals, and functions play a significant role in this
process, allowing PHP to tailor the content to the specific needs of the user or the application.

Database Interaction:
PHP can interact with databases (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL) to retrieve or store data
dynamically. It can send SQL queries to the database, process the results, and integrate them
into the generated content.

Output Sent to the Web Server:

The PHP interpreter generates the output, which typically includes HTML, along with
embedded dynamic content based on the PHP code. This output is sent back to the web
server.

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Web Server Sends the Response:
The web server receives the generated output from PHP and sends it back as a response to the
user's browser.

Client Receives and Renders the Response:

The user's browser receives the response, which includes HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
generated by PHP. The browser then renders the content and presents it to the user, who can
interact with the dynamic elements.
This process allows PHP to create interactive and dynamic web pages by executing code on
the server and generating customized content based on the user's request. PHP is often used
in conjunction with other technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and databases to
create feature-rich web applications and websites.

Introduction to MySQL:
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) that is widely
used for managing, organizing, and retrieving data in various applications. It is a powerful
and flexible database system that has gained immense popularity due to its performance,
reliability, ease of use, and strong community support. MySQL is commonly used in web
applications to store and manage data efficiently.

Key Features of MySQL:

Relational Database Management:

MySQL organizes data in a relational database model, allowing for efficient storage,
retrieval, and management of structured data.

SQL Language Support:

MySQL supports the SQL (Structured Query Language), making it easy to create, retrieve,
update, and delete data in the database.

Scalability:
MySQL is designed to handle small to large-scale databases and is highly scalable, making it
suitable for a wide range of applications.

Performance Optimization:
MySQL offers tools and mechanisms for performance optimization, including indexing,
caching, and query optimization, to enhance database speed and responsiveness.

Data Security and Access Control:

MySQL provides robust security features to protect data, including authentication,
encryption, access control, and data masking.

Transaction Support:
MySQL supports ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) transactions, ensuring
data integrity and reliability, particularly in critical applications.

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Replication and Clustering:
MySQL supports replication and clustering, allowing for data replication across multiple
servers for load balancing, fault tolerance, and improved performance.

Stored Procedures and Functions:

MySQL allows the creation of stored procedures and functions, which are reusable blocks of
SQL code, enhancing code modularity and maintainability.

Triggers and Events:

MySQL supports triggers and events to automate actions within the database based on
defined conditions, providing greater flexibility and automation.

Data Types:
MySQL offers a wide range of data types, including integers, strings, dates, times, and more,
allowing for precise representation of data.

Cross-Platform Compatibility:
MySQL is compatible with various operating systems, including Windows, Linux, macOS,
and others, providing flexibility in deployment.

Community and Support:

MySQL has a large and active community that contributes to its development, offers support,
provides tutorials, and addresses queries.
MySQL is widely used in web development, powering applications ranging from simple
websites to complex enterprise-level systems. Its compatibility with popular programming
languages like PHP, Python, Java, and others makes it a preferred choice for integrating
databases into various software solutions.

Introduction to APACHE SERVER:

Apache HTTP Server, commonly referred to as Apache, is a widely used open-source web
server software that powers a significant portion of websites on the internet. It was initially
developed by the Apache Software Foundation and has since become one of the most popular
and reliable web servers available. Apache is known for its stability, flexibility, and
extensibility, making it a preferred choice for hosting dynamic web content.

Key Features of Apache HTTP Server:

Open Source and Free:

Apache is an open-source software distributed under the Apache License, making it freely
available for use, modification, and distribution.

Cross-Platform Compatibility:
Apache is compatible with various operating systems such as Linux, Unix, Windows, macOS,
and more, allowing for versatile deployment options.

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Modular Architecture:
Apache's architecture is modular, allowing developers to extend its functionality by adding
modules to handle specific features and capabilities. This makes it highly customizable and
adaptable to diverse needs.

HTTP and HTTPS Support:

Apache supports both HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (HTTP Secure),
enabling secure communication via SSL/TLS encryption.

Virtual Hosting:
Apache allows for virtual hosting, enabling a single server to host multiple websites with
different domain names, IP addresses, or ports.

URL Rewriting:
Apache provides powerful URL rewriting capabilities, allowing users to rewrite and
manipulate URLs to improve SEO (Search Engine Optimization) and create user-friendly
URLs.

Access Control and Security:

Apache offers robust access control mechanisms, including authentication, authorization, and
SSL/TLS encryption, ensuring secure data transmission and access to resources.

Load Balancing and Proxy Features:

Apache supports load balancing and acts as a reverse proxy, distributing client requests among
multiple servers to enhance performance and reliability.

Logging and Monitoring:

Apache provides detailed logging capabilities, allowing administrators to track server activity,
analyse traffic, and troubleshoot issues. It also supports monitoring tools for server
performance evaluation.

IPv6 Support:
Apache supports IPv6, the latest version of the Internet Protocol, ensuring compatibility and
readiness for the evolving internet infrastructure.

Community and Support:

Apache has a vast and active community of developers, users, and contributors who provide
support, documentation, tutorials, and plugins, contributing to the software's ongoing
development and improvement. Apache's stability, scalability, and comprehensive feature set
have made it a cornerstone of web hosting, used by individuals, businesses, organizations, and
hosting providers globally to serve web content efficiently and securely.
General management (functional level)

In this project Apache server is used to parse and execute PHP pages, before deploying websites
on the server, the website should be tested at the developer side to get a feel of how the website
will work on actual server Therefore Apache server is like a local server on the developer side,
Apache server should be informed about the environment on which it should work in our
project Apache server is configured to work with PHP, in this way all the PHP pages are parsed

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and executed by the server When apache is installed on the system, then its services is
controlled by Apache service monitor. The following are the database entities used in this
system.

Houses
House information, Rental or sale/Buy agreement administration, credit control, cashflow
control, compatibility with accounting principles and practices and existing systems,
accurate bookkeeping, owner reporting and identifying of key performance indicators.

Tenant
general tenant information (name and contact details), finding space for a tenant, accurate rent
billing and collection, handling of payments, accounting and general ledger (GL) functions.

Landlord, Client or Body Corporate:

general details (name and contact details), shareholding if applicable.

Basic administration (supervisory level)

Repair and maintenance schedules are required by the House manager, as well as a diary to
“flag “important dates for tenant’s works, rent review and lease renewal dates. A good software
programs
should also provide for a forward planning facility.

General management (functional level)

Aptly summarises the requirements at this level as follows:

“In terms of accounting procedures, the main property management related tasks will
comprise•

• Rent invoicing and income connection

• Recovery of expenditure

• Disbursements/outgoings

• Service charge costing and apportionment

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 CHAPTER THREE
REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

The hardware and software requirements for setting up a web development environment
using technologies like PHP, MySQL, and Apache can vary based on the scale and
complexity of the project. Here's a general overview of the requirements for a basic setup:

Hardware Requirements:

Computer:
A computer (desktop or laptop) capable of running the desired operating system (e.g.,
Windows, Linux, macOS).

Processor:
Modern multi-core processor (e.g., Intel Core i5 or equivalent) for efficient performance.

RAM (Random Access Memory):

Minimum 4GB RAM for smooth development experience. More RAM is beneficial for
handling large projects and databases.

Storage:
Sufficient storage space (e.g., 256GB SSD or higher) for the operating system, development
tools, applications, and project files.

Network Connectivity:
Reliable internet connection for downloading software, accessing online resources, and
testing web applications.

Software Requirements:

Operating System:
Choose an appropriate operating system based on your preference and compatibility
with the technologies you plan to use:
Linux (e.g., Ubuntu, CentOS)
Windows (e.g., Windows 10, Windows Server)
macOS (for Apple users)
Web Server (Apache):

Install and configure Apache HTTP Server:

Download and install Apache for your operating system.
Configure virtual hosts if needed for multiple website hosting.

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PHP:
Install and configure PHP:
Download the latest PHP version compatible with your operating system.
Configure PHP settings (e.g., memory limits, error reporting) as per project requirements.

Database Server (MySQL):

Install and configure MySQL Database Server:
Download and install the MySQL Database Server appropriate for your OS.
Set up databases, users, and permissions as needed.
Integrated Development Environment (IDE):

Choose a suitable IDE for PHP development, such as:

• Visual Studio Code (VSCode)
• PHPStorm
• Sublime Text

Version Control System:

Set up a version control system like Git for tracking changes and collaborating on code.

Browser:
Use modern browsers like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, or Microsoft Edge for
testing and debugging web applications.

Composer (Optional for PHP Projects):

Install Composer, a dependency manager for PHP, if your project requires third-party
packages.

Other Development Tools:

Depending on project requirements, you might need additional tools like npm (for managing
front-end packages), JavaScript frameworks (e.g., React, Angular), etc.

Security Software (Optional):

Consider installing antivirus and firewall software to enhance security.
Ensure that you follow the specific installation and configuration instructions for each
software component based on your chosen operating system. Setting up a robust development
environment with these components will enable you to create and test web applications
effectively using PHP, MySQL, and Apache.

Functional Requirements

Requirement analysis is a software engineering technique that is composed of the various tasks
that determine the needs or conditions that are to be met for a new or altered product, taking
into consideration the possible conflicting requirements of the various users. Functional
requirements are those requirements that are used to illustrate the internal working nature of
the system, the description of the system, and explanation of each subsystem. It consists of
what task the system should perform, the processes involved, which data should the system
holds and the interfaces with the user. The functional requirements identified are:
• Customer’s registration: The system should allow new users to register online.

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• Online reservation of House: Customers should be able to use the system to make booking
and online reservation.
• Automatic update to database once reservation is made or new customer registered:
Whenever there’s new reservation or new registration, the system should be able update the
database without any additional efforts from the admin.
• Feedbacks to customers: It should provide means for customers to leave feedback.

Non-Functional Requirements

It describes aspects of the system that are concerned with how the system provides the
functional requirements. They are:

a. Security: The subsystem should provide a high level of security and integrity of the data
held by the system, only authorized personnel of the company can gain access to the
company’s secured page on the system; and only users with valid password and username can
login to view user’s page.

b. Performance and Response time: The system should have high performance rate when
executing user’s input and should be able to provide feedback or response within a short time
span usually 50 seconds for highly complicated task and 20 to 25 seconds for less
complicated task.

c. Error handling: Error should be considerably minimized and an appropriate error

message that guides the user to recover from an error should be provided. Validation of user’s
input is highly essential also the standard time taken to recover from an error should be 15 to
20 seconds.

d. Availability: This system should always be available for access at 24 hours, 7 days a
week also in the occurrence of any major system malfunctioning, the system should be
available in 1 to 2 working days, so that the business process is not severely affected.

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 CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN

Homepage

For an effective homepage:

Prioritize clear navigation and a user-friendly search bar.
Showcase featured properties with compelling visuals.
Build trust through testimonials and trust signals.
Ensure mobile responsiveness and fast loading speed.

login page

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Dash -board
User-Centric Design: Prioritize a dashboard that caters to users' needs and preferences for a
smooth experience.

Key Metrics Display: Display vital real estate stats, like property listings and inquiries, for
quick insights.

Efficient Account Control: Allow users to manage listings and account details directly from
the dashboard.

Simplified Property Management: Implement a widget for easy property listing

management.

List of users for register their property in our website

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Register room for register their property for rent(rooms)

Apartment Room for register their Apartment for the rent

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List of Apartment details for register our website

Register page of our website to register their and login than for listing their
property and Apartments for the rent

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Code of my project

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 CHAPTER FIVE
TESTING

TESTING

Testing is the process of detecting errors. Testing performs a very critical role for quality
assurance and for ensuring the reliability of software. The results of testing are used later on
during maintenance also.
Psychology of Testing
The aim of testing is often to demonstrate that a program works by showing that it has no
errors. The basic purpose of testing phase is to detect the errors that may be present in the
program. Hence one should not start testing with the intent of showing that a program works,
but
the intent should be to show that a program doesn’t work. Testing is the process of executing
a program with the intent of finding errors.

Testing Objectives:
The main objective of testing is to uncover a host of errors, systematically and with minimum
effort and time. Stating formally, we can say
Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.

A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet undiscovered error.

A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding error, if it exists.

The tests are inadequate to detect possibly present errors.

The software more or less confirms to the quality and reliable standards.

Levels of Testing:

In order to uncover the errors, present in different phases we have the concept of levels of
testing. The basic levels of testing are as shown below…

Client Needs

Requirements

Design

Code

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Register page of our website to register their and login than for listing their property
and Apartments for the rent

PhpMyAdmin localhost that shows and store the date for the website user in a newevent
database entry

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In newevent database contain the users details ,room_rental _register, room_rental_
registration _apartment so that we can easy to access the data

Users details how much person register our website for sale their apartment and room

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Demo for register apartment by the owner name Mahantesh

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 CHAPTER SIX
CONCLUSION

House Rental business has emerged with a new goody compared to the past experience where
every activity concerning House rental business is limited to a physical location only. Even
though the physical location has not been totally eradicated; the nature of functions and how
these functions are achieved has been reshaped by the power of internet.

Nowadays, customers can reserve book/buy/sale House online, rent House online, and have the
house contracted successfully without any sweat once the customer is a registered member of
the House Rental Management System. The web-based House rental system has offered an
advantage to both Tenants as well as Landlords to efficiently and effectively manage the
business and satisfies customers’ need at the click of a button

Limitation of the system

The system at present does not take care of the money payment methods, as the consolidated
constructs need SSL standards and are critically to be initiated in the first face, the application
of the credit card transactions is applied as a developmental phase in the coming days. The
system needs more elaborative technicality for its inception and evolution.

The future scope of your Real Estate, House Rental, and Property Listing system:

• Mobile-Friendly Design: Ensure full mobile responsiveness for users on smartphones

and tablets.

• Machine Learning: Use AI for predictive property recommendations and enhanced

user experiences.

• Geo-Tagged Content: Implement location-based services and neighborhood data.

• Enhanced Security: Continuously update and strengthen data security measures.

• Multi-Language Support: Attract international users with multilingual interfaces.

• Chatbots: Integrate chatbots for instant customer support and user assistance.

• Energy Efficiency Info: Include eco-friendly property features for sustainability-

conscious users.
• User Feedback: Gather feedback for iterative development and improved user
experiences.

• Compliance Updates: Stay current with real estate regulations and legal requirements.

• Data Monetization: Explore opportunities to monetize data for added revenue streams.

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 REFERENCES

Books Used:
• Software Engineering - R.S. Pressman
• PHP for Dummies
• PHP Beginners Guide by McGraw-Hill Publication
• JavaScript by McGraw-Hill Publication

References Used:\
• http://www.resgroup.net/
• http://www.a1realestate.solutions
• Wikipedia.org
• www.w3schools.com
• www.webcampzg.org

GLOSSARY
1. MB Megabytes
2. GB Gigabytes
3. SQL Structural Query language
4. Admin Administrator
5. RAM Random Memory
6. PHP Hypertext preprocessor
7. HTML Hypertext Markup Language

Source code of my project

https://github.com/abhishek9880/CODSOFT/commit/74d30b9610e6009910ed2623ddec2
284d6c5462e

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