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2021 MM U3 SAC 1a - not applicable

Leadership and management (Viewbank College)

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Scotch College
MATHEMATICAL METHODS
U3-SAC 1a – Application Task: Project
Date of distribution: Wednesday 19th May 2021
Due date: Wednesday 2nd June 2021, prior to SAC 1b
Task Sections Marks Your Marks
Extended Response Questions 75
Total Marks 75

Remote Declaration
I declare that any work I have submitted for this VCE assessment is wholly my own, unless
properly referenced or authorised for use by my teacher. I have had no assistance from any
person in my home nor have I been assisted by, or given assistance to, a boy in my class or
cohort unless specifically permitted to do so by my teacher. I have not used the internet or other
sources to assist me in my responses unless specifically permitted by my teacher. I acknowledge
my work may be reproduced, communicated, compared and archived for the purposes of
detecting plagiarism and collusion.

Signature: ____________________________________

General Instructions
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
• In all questions where a numerical answer is required, an exact value must be given
unless otherwise specified.
• In questions where more than one mark is available, appropriate working must be
shown.
• Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this task are not drawn to scale.
Allowed Materials
• A scientific calculator and a CAS calculator.
• Any notes or references.
At the end of the task
• Submit the task to your teacher by the due date.

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Question 1 (6 marks)
A pair of equations are defined as follows:
( k + 1) x − ky =
6
3 x + 2ky + 4 =0
where k is a real constant.
For what values of k do the pair of equations have:
a. a unique solution? 3 marks

b. no solutions? 2 marks

c. infinitely many solutions? 1 mark

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Question 2 (5 marks)
1
−
The function f has rule f ( x ) = x 3 .
a. State the maximal domain for f . 1 mark

b. Sketch the graph of y = f ( x ) on the axes below, labelling all intercepts, asymptotes and
endpoints, if they exist. 3 marks
y

c. State the values of x for which the function f is strictly decreasing. 1 mark

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Question 3 (9 marks)
f ( x ) = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d , where a, b, c and d are real numbers.
a. The graph of y = f ( x ) has stationary points at ( − 3,8 ) and ( 5,3) . Find the rule f ( x ) . 2 marks

b. Sketch the graph of y = f ′ ( x ) on the axes below, labelling all intercepts and the
stationary point(s) with their coordinates. 2 marks
y

c. State the solutions to the equation f ′ ( x ) = 0. 1 mark

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d. Consider another quadratic equation x 2 + px + q =0, where p and q are real numbers and
p > 0, q > 0.

i. Find the value(s) of p, in terms of q, for which this equation has exactly one solution. 1 mark

ii. Find the one solution to the equation in this case, in terms of q. 1 mark

e. The equation of a curve is y = x 2 + px + q, where p and q are real numbers.

i. For what values of p is the x-coordinate of the turning point of the curve positive? 1 mark

ii. Find the coordinates of the turning point of the curve in terms of p and q. 1 mark

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Question 4 (13 marks)

Two functions f and g are defined as:
f :  → , f ( x ) =
e3 x − 2
g :  → , g ( x ) =
ex
a. List a sequence of transformations which maps the graph of y = g ( x ) to the graph of
y = f ( x). 2 marks

b. Find a rule for the inverse, f −1 , of f and state its domain. 3 marks

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c. Sketch the graphs of y = f ( x ) and y = f −1 ( x ) on the same set of axes below, labelling
all intercepts with exact coordinates, all asymptotes with their equations and the
intersection point(s) between the curves to two decimal places. 4 marks
y

d. Fully define h ( x ) = f ( f −1 ( x ) ) . 2 marks

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18 x 2 + 24 x + 7
e. Show that f ( − 2 f −1 ( 3 x ) ) = − . 2 marks
9 x 2 + 12 x + 4

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Question 5 (17 marks)

Consider the function f such that
−1
f : D → , f ( x ) =
4 − x2
a. Find D, the maximal domain of f. 1 mark

b. Sketch the graph of y = f ( x) over its maximal domain. Label all key features. 3 marks
y

c. Hence, or otherwise, find the absolute maximum of f. 1 mark

d. Consider the function g such that

g : ( −1, 4] → , g ( x ) =
− x +1
On the above axes, sketch y = g ( x ) including the exact coordinates of all endpoints and
intercepts and the coordinates of the point(s) of intersection with y = f ( x ) correct to two
decimal places. 3 marks

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e. Show that the function f ( g ( x ) ) does not exist. 1 mark

f. − x + 1 where X is the domain of g ∗ .

Let g ∗ : X → , g ∗ ( x) =
i. Find the maximal domain X such that f ( g ∗ ( x ) ) exists. 1 mark

ii. Find the rule f ( g ∗ ( x ) ) . 1 mark

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2
g. Let p : (0, 4) → , p ( x)= − 1. The graph of p can be obtained by applying the
x(4 − x)
transformation T to the graph of f where
  x   1 0   x   q 
T : 2 → 2 ,T     =   + 
  y   0 m   y   n 
Find the values of m, n and q. 3 marks

h. Find the coordinates of the point P on the curve with equation y = f ( x) at which the
tangent to f ( x ) is normal to the line 3 x + 8 y =
15, giving your answer correct to two

decimal places. 3 marks

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Question 6 (9 marks)
1  3
The curve f ( x=
) ( x − 3) 2 where x ∈  ,3 is shown below. Point P on f ( x) has an x-value of .
2  2
y

3
P
2

1
(0, 1)
x
-1 O 1 2 3 4

a. Calculate the distance from ( 0,1) to Point P. 2 marks

b. Point B lies on y = f ( x ) and has an x-coordinate of m. State the coordinates of point B

in terms of m. 1 mark

c. Hence show that the distance D(m) between ( 0,1) and Point B is given by the function:

D(m)= m 2 + (m − 4) 2 (m − 2) 2 2 marks

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1 
d. Sketch D(m)= m 2 + (m − 4) 2 (m − 2) 2 for m ∈  ,3 on the axes below. Label the
2 
coordinates of all endpoints and stationary points, rounded to two decimal places. 2 marks
D(m)

m
O 1 2 3 4 5

e. Find the value(s) of m for which D ( m ) = 4 , giving your answer(s) correct to two decimal
places. 2 marks

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Question 7 (16 marks)

A function N (t ) measures the intensity level of a treadmill workout t minutes after a workout
begins. All workouts begin with the treadmill stationary, at intensity level zero, that is, N (0) = 0.
If the treadmill workout reaches an intensity level of 10 (that is, N (t ) = 10) the treadmill enters
the override mode. This means it will reduce the intensity level at a constant rate over a
5 minute period until N (t ) = 0, and the treadmill stops.
1
=
N (t ) (at − 10)3 (b − t ) + 1, where t ≥ 0, 0 ≤ N (t ) ≤ 10, and a and b are real constants.
9000
a. i. Show that b = 9. 2 marks

ii. When a = 0, calculate the time taken, in minutes, to achieve the intensity level of 10. 2 marks

iii. When a = 2, calculate the time taken after the workout has started for the intensity
level, N (t ), to reduce to zero. State your answer in minutes correct to one decimal
place. 2 marks

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iv. State, in terms of a, the possible value(s) of t for which (t , N (t )) is a stationary point
of the function N (t ). 2 marks

v. For what value(s) of a, a ∈ [ 0, 6] , does N (t ) have no stationary points? 1 mark

vi. For what value(s) of a, a ∈ [ 0, 6] , does N (t ) have one stationary point? 2 marks

vii. What is the maximum number of stationary points N (t ) can have? 1 mark

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b. i. What is the maximum intensity level achieved when a = 6 correct to one decimal place. 1 mark

ii. When a = 6, at what time is this maximum intensity level achieved? Give your answer
in minutes, correct to one decimal place. 1 mark

c. a is restricted to the possible set of values below:

a ∈ {1, 2,3, 4,5, 6, 7,8,9,10}.
What is the least value of a ∈ {1, 2,3, 4,5, 6, 7,8,9,10}, which will cause the treadmill
to enter the override mode, and how many minutes in total will this workout last?
State your answer in minutes, correct to one decimal place. 2 marks

END OF SAC 1a

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Mathematical Methods formula sheet

Calculus
d n 1
∫ x dx = n + 1 x
n +1
dx
( )
x = nx n − 1 n
+ c, n ≠ −1

d 1
∫ (ax + b) dx = a(n + 1) (ax + b)
n +1
dx
( )
(ax + b) n = an ( ax + b )
n −1 n
+ c, n ≠ − 1

d ax 1 ax
dx
( )
e = ae ax
∫ e ax dx =
a
e +c

1
d
dx
1
( log e ( x) ) = x ∫ x dx = log ( x) + c, x > 0
e

d 1
dx
( sin (ax) ) = a cos (ax) ∫ sin (ax)dx = − a cos (ax) + c
d 1
dx
( cos (ax) ) = − a sin (ax) ∫ cos (ax)dx = a sin (ax) + c
d a
( tan (ax) ) = 2 = a sec 2 (ax)
dx cos (ax)
du dv
−u v
d dv du d u
product rule ( uv ) = u + v quotient rule  =
dx
2
dx
dx dx dx dx  v  v

dy dy du
chain rule =
dx du dx

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