1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS

List of hill range in India and its

location
Hill Ranges: Shipki La Himachal Simla with Tibet
Hill Range States Pradesh
Eastern Ghats Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Baralacha La Himachal Lahul to Leh
Odisha, West Bengal Pradesh
Western Ghats Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Rohtang Pass Himachal Manali and Lahul
Maharashtra Pradesh
Nilgiri Hills Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka Lipu Lekh Uttarakhand Uttarakhand to Tibet
Aravallis Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana Pass
Cardamom Kerala and Tamil Nadu Mana Pass Uttarakhand India & China
Hills Muling & Niti Uttarakhand Uttarakhand to Tibet
Anaimalai Hills Pass
Palani Hills Tamil Nadu Nathula Sikkim Sikkim and Tibet
Vindhyas Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh Jelep la Sikkim Sikkim & Tibet
Satpura Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Bum La Pass Arunachal Arunachal to Tibet
Chhattisgarh Pradesh
Karakoram Ladakh Dhipu Pass Arunachal India, China &
Pir Panjal Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir Pradesh Myanmar
Garo Hills Meghalaya Dihang Pass Arunachal Arunachal Pradesh to
KhasiHills Pradesh Myanmar
Jaintia Hills BhorGhat Maharashtra Mumbai and Pune
Seshachalam Andhra Pradesh ThalGhat Maharashtra Nasik and Mumbai
Hills Pal Ghat Tamil Nadu Kerala with Tamil Nadu
Nallamala Hills
Mountain Ranges:
Highest Peaks: Major Himalayan Mountain Ranges are:
Highest Peak Height (m) States
Kanchendzonga 8586 Sikkim Pir Panjal Range -
Nanda Devi 7817 Uttarakhand ▪ Located in Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir
Kamet 7756 Uttarakhand ▪ Pir Panjal is the largest range of the lower Himalayas.
Saltoro Kangri 7742 Jammu and Kashmir ▪ Important passes in this range- Pir Panjal pass, Banihal
Saser Kangri 7672 Ladakh pass
Kangto 7090 Arunachal Pradesh
Reo Purgyil 6816 Himachal Pradesh Dhaula Dhar Range -
Saramati 3841 Nagaland ▪ It is located in lesser Himalayas
Sandakphu 3636 West Bengal
Khayang 3114 Manipur Zanskar Range -
Anamudi 2695 Kerala ▪ It is located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir and
DoddaBetta 2636 Tamil Nadu Uttarakhand.

Important Passes: Ladakh Range -

Name Location Connects ▪ It is a part of Karakoram Mountain.
Khardung La Ladakh Leh & Nubra Valley Others:
Zoji La Ladakh Ladakh to Kashmir The highest mountain in India Kanchenjunga
Pensi La Ladakh Suru Valley to Zanskar
The highest peak of Aravalli Guru Sikhar
Valley
Oldest Mountain range in India Aravallis
Chang La Ladakh India & Tibet
The highest peak in the Western Ghats Anamudi
Aghil Pass Ladakh Ladakh to Xinjiang
The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats Jindhagadha
province of China
Peak
Fotu La Ladakh Srinagar to Leh
Mountains that divide Northern India Vindhyas
Karakoram Ladakh China & Pakistan
from Deccan Plateau
Pass
Burzil Pass Jammu & Srinagar & Gilgit
Kanchenjunga is the third highest mountain in the world. First
Kashmir
two highest mountains in the world
Banihal Pass Jammu & Jammu to Srinagar 1. Mount Everest- 8,848.86 mts
Kashmir 2. K2 also known as Godwin Austin- 8,611 mts
Pir Panjal Pass Jammu & Kashmir Valley to 3. Kanchenjunga- 8,586 mts
Kashmir Jammu

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1. Before being renamed, Mount Everest was simply known • Its elevation (snow height) of 8,848.86 m (29,031.7 ft) was
as ______. most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and
(a) Peak IX (b) Peak XV Nepali authorities.
(c) Peak XII (d) Peak VI Annapurna
• Sol (b); Mount Everest was also previously referred to as • Annapurna is a mountain situated in the Annapurna
Peak XV; it was renamed for Sir George Everest in 1865. mountain range of Gandaki Province, north-
• Major General Sir Andrew Scott Waugh was a British central Nepal.
army officer and Surveyor General of India. He served • It is the tenth highest mountain in the world at 8,091
under Sir George Everest and succeeded him in 1843. metres (26,545 ft) above sea level and is well known for
• Waugh is credited with naming the peak of Mount the difficulty and danger involved in its ascent.
Everest. Makalu
2. Which of the following mountains is located near The river • Makaluis the fifth highest mountain in the world at 8,485
Dhauliganga? metres (27,838 ft).
(a) Nanda Devi (b) Anamudi
• It is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas 19 km
(c) Hathi Parvat (d) Kamet
(12 miles) southeast of Mount Everest, on
• Sol (a); Nanda Devi is the second-highest mountain in
the border between Nepal and Tibet Autonomous
India, after Kangchenjunga, and the highest located
Region, China.
entirely within the country (Kangchenjunga is on the
border of India and Nepal). It is the 23rd-highest peak in • One of the eight-thousanders, Makalu is an isolated peak
the world. It is located in Chamoli Garhwal district of whose shape is a four-sided pyramid.
Uttarakhand. 5. In which part of India are the Patkai Bum hills located?
• Anamudi or Anai Mudi is a mountain located in (a) Northern part of India (b) Western part of India
Ernakulam district and Idukki district of the Indian state (c) Southern part of India (d) Eastern part of India
of Kerala. It is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and • Sol (d); Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and
in South India. The name Anamudi literally translates to Nagaland. are along the Patkai range.
"elephant's head" a reference to the resemblance of the • Pat-kai means “to cut chicken" in Tai Ahom language.
mountain to an elephant's head.
• Through the Patkai mountain range, the Dehing River
• Hathi Parbat, also known as Elephant Peak, is a flows down. to meet the Brahmaputra in the Sivasagar
mountain in the Garhwal Himalayas in India. It is located district of Assam.
in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand state. Two huge
• The Patkai Range consists of 3 hills - The Patkai-Bum, the
rocks on a spur of Hathi Parbat are described as a crow
Garo-Khasi-Jaintia, and Lushai Hills
(Kakabhushundi) and an eagle (Garuda). It is believed
that the crow is animatedly conversing with eagle on the • The Patkai hills are part of Purvanchal hills in the North-
affairs of the universe as it's described in Ramayana. Eastern part of India.
Another version has it that a learned Brahmin of • Patkai Range is the hills on India’s North-Eastern border
Ayodhya once incurred the wrath of the sage Lomasa touched with Burma.
who lived here and was changed into the form of crow by
• The Patkai range extends from Nagaland, Meghalaya,
the sage.
Mizoram, and Manipur.
3. The Annapurna peak belongs to which region of the
6. Which of the following pairs is CORRECT with reference
Himalayas?
to mountain passes?
(a) Kumaon (b) Bhutan
(a) Rohtang – Sikkim (b) Lipulekh - Uttarakhand
(c) Nepal (d) Garhwal
(c) Bomdila - Himachal Pradesh
• Sol (c); The Annapurna Mountain Range in the
(d) Nathula - Arunachal Pradesh
Himalayas is located in north-central Nepal.
• Sol (b); Lipulekh – Uttarakhand
• It is the tenth highest mountain peak in the world, which
Passess Connects
includes a peak over 8000 metres.
Nathula Pass Sikkim and Tibet
• Recently, Priyanka Mohite from Satara in Maharashtra Rohtang Pass Kullu Valley and Spiti Valleys of
became the first Indian woman to scale Mt Annapurna. Himachal Pradesh
• She had earlier summitted several peaks including Mt Bomdila Pass Arunachal Pradesh with Lhasa (capital
Everest city of Tibet)
4. Which of the following Himalayan peaks is NOT located in Lipulekh Kumaon region of Uttarakhand with
Nepal? Pass Taklakot in Tibet
(a) Mount Everest (b) Kamet 7. __________which connects Sikkim with Tibet, was closed
(c) Annapurna (d) Makalu after the Chinese aggression on India in 1962 but was
• Sol (b); Kamet reopened in 2006 as the governments of the two countries
Mount Everest decided to enhance their trade through land routes.
(a) Imis La (b) Pensi La
• MountEverest is Earth's highest mountain above sea
level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of (c) Lanak La (d) Nathu La
the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border runs across • Sol (c); Lanak La
its summit point.

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Nathu La It is located in the state of Sikkim. This from November to mid-
Pass famous pass is located in the India- China May
border and was reopened in 2006. It forms a Banihal Pir Panjal The road from Jammu to
part of an offshoot of the ancient silk route. Pass Range Srinagar transversed
It is one of the trading border posts between Banihal Pass until 1956
India and China. when Jawahar Tunnel
Pensi La The Pensi La connects the Kashmir valley was constructed under
with Kargil. It is situated in the Greater the pass.
Himalayas. Lipu Trijunction of This pass is used by
Imis La The pass has a difficult geographical terrain Lekh Uttarakhand pilgrims to Kailash-
and steep slopes. This pass remains closed (India), Tibet Mansarovar.
during the winter season. It connects (China) and
Ladakh and Tibet. Nepal borders
Lanak La This is located in the Aksai Chin in the 12. The Nanda Devi Peak is located in -----.
Ladakh region. It connects Ladakh and (a) Sikkim (b) Jammu and Kashmir
Lhasa. The Chinese authority has built a
(c) Uttarakhand (d) Assam
road to join Xinjiang with Tibet.
• Sol (c); Uttarakhand
8. Which of the following passes connects Tawang with
Peak Height Location
Lhasa?
Mt Everest 8848 m Nepal
(a) Chankan Pass (b) Bum La Pass
Nanda Devi 7816 m Uttarakhand, India
(c) Hpungan Pass (d) Kumjawng Pass
Annapurna 8091 m Nepal
• Sol (b); The Bum La Pass, located near Tawang in
K2/Godwin Austin 8611 m Gilgit Baltistan
Arunachal Pradesh, connects it to Lhasa in Tibet, China.
Kanchenjunga 8586 m Sikkim, India
• It is located at the Indo-China border above 15,200 ft
13. is an important road link between Srinagar on one
above sea level.
side and Kargil and Leh on the other side.
• The road to Bum La is a historical route, the People’s (a) Muling La (b) Shipki La
Liberation Army of China used it to invade India during
(c) Zoji La (d) Qara Tag La
the 1962 Sino- Indian War.
• Sol (c); Zoji La separates Kashmir valley and Dras valley.
9. Which of the following passes is known as the gateway
• After Fotu La, it is the second-highest pass on the
connecting Jammu and Srinagar?
Srinagar-Leh National Highway.
(a) Lanak-La Pass (b) Chang-La Pass
(c) Banihal Pass (d) Aghil Pass Place Major Passes
• Sol (c); The Banihal Passes a mountain pass across the Pir Jammu Kashmir Banihal pass, Khardung pass, Imis
Panjal Range at 2,832 m that connects the Kashmir Valley La pass, Qara Tagh
in Jammu & Kashmir to Jammu and outer Himalaya and Sikkim Nathu La, Jelep La
plains to the south. Uttarakhand Mana pass, Muling La
Himachal Pradesh Shipki La
• The road from Jammu to Srinagar traversed Banihal Pass
Arunachal Pradesh Bomdi La, Dihang pass
until 1956 when Jawahar Tunnel was constructed under
the pass. 14. ____________ pass connects Uttarakhand and Tibet and is
10. ______ in Himachal Pradesh is a famous tourist attraction. situated in the north of Gangotri.
(a) Aghil Pass (b) Chang-La Pass (a) Zoji La (b) Bara Lacha La
(c) Mintaka Pass (d) Rohtang Pass (c) Shipki La (d) Muling La
• Sol (d); Rohtang Pass is a high mountain pass (elevation • Sol (d); Muling La
3,980 m (13,058 ft)) on the eastern end of the Pir Panjal Muling It is located in the Great Himalayas, north of
Range of the Himalayas around 51 km (32 mi) La Gangotri, at an elevation of 5669 metres.
from Manali in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. During the winter, this seasonal pass
• It connects the Kullu Valley with the Lahaul and connecting Uttarakhand and Tibet is snow-
Spiti Valleys of Himachal Pradesh, India. covered.
Shipki La It connects the districts of Kinnaur and
11. Name the pass in Uttarakhand which is used by pilgrims
Tibet. This pass is not accessible to non-
to Kailash-Mansarovar Yatra.
residents.
(a) Pensi La (b) Lipu Lekh
It's mostly used for short-distance trade
(c) Banihal Pass (d) Khardung La between India and Tibet.
• Sol (b); Lipu Lekh
Bara- In Ladakh, the Bara-Lacha La is a well-
Name Location Other Details Lacha La known mountain pass.
Khardung Near Leh in the The world’s highest Pass This pass, located in the Himalayan Zanskar
La Ladakh range motorable road passes Range, connects Lahual and Ladakh and is
through Khardung La known as the "Gateway to Ladakh."
Pensi La Kashmir Valley Due to heavy snowfall, it This lovely destination has always been a
and Kargil remains closed to traffic historical landmark, serving as an important
trade route in the past.

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15. The 'Diphu Pass' which is the junction between India, • Trans-Himalaya ranges in India include the Karakorum,
Myanmar and China is on the Border Line? Zanskar and Ladakh ranges that run through Ladakh and
(a) Palk Strait (b) Radcliffe Line Himachal Pradesh.
(c) Durand Line (d) McMahon Line • Great Himalayas, also called Higher Himalayas or Great
• Sol (d); McMahon Line Himalaya Range, highest and northernmost section of the
• Diphu Pass is in Arunachal Pradesh. Himalayan mountain ranges.
• It is located around the area of the disputed tri-point 20. Which Indian Mountain looks like a giant pyramid and has
borders of India, Myanmar, and China and is a mountain a flat summit area and two peaks?
pass. (a) Mamostang Kangri (b) Nanda Devi
• Diphu Pass is also a strategic approach to eastern Assam. (c) Saltoro Kangri (d) Kamet
• Sol (d); Kamet Mountain resembles a giant pyramid
16. In which region of India are Kotli Dun and Patli Dun
topped by a flat summit area with two peaks.
located?
(a) Between greater Himalayas and the Shiwaliks • It lies in the Chamoli District of Uttarakhand.
(b) Between lesser Himalayas and outer Himalayas • It is the second highest mountain in the Garhwal region
(c) Between eastern Himalayas and the Shiwaliks of Uttarakhand.
(d) Between lesser Himalayas and the Shiwaliks 21. Which of the following passes cuts through Pir Panjal
• Sol (d); Between lesser Himalayas and the Shiwaliks range and links Manali and Leh by road?
Duns are located between lesser Himalayas and (a) Baralachala Pass (b) Rohtang Pass
Shiwaliks. (c) Nathula Pass (d) Banihal Pass
17. Correctly match the following peaks of the Himalayas to • Sol (b); Rohtang Pass cuts through Pir Panjal range and
their heights. links Manali and Leh by road.
Peak Height in metres • It is a high mountain pass on the eastern end of the Pir
1. Mt. Everest a. 8172 Panjal Range of the Himalayas around 51 km from
2. Dhaulagiri b. 8848 Manali in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.
3. Kamet c. 8078 22. Which of the following Himalayan ranges extends from
4. Annapurna d. 7756 the northern side of Leh to the Tibetan border and
(a) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d (b) 1-c, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d comprises Digar La Pass and Khardung La Pass?
(c) 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c (d) 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a (a) Ladakh Range (b) Pir Panjal Range
• Sol (c); 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c (c) Dhauladhar Range (d) Zanskar Range
Mt.Everest - 8848 metres • Sol (a); Ladakh Range extends from the northern side of
Dhaulagiri - 8172 metres Leh to the Tibetan border and comprises Digar La Pass
Kamet- 7756 metres and Khardung La Pass.
Annapurna- 8078 metres
• They divide The rivers Indus and Shyok (a tributary of
18. Which of the following is a mountain pass in the Pir Panjal Indus)
range at a maximum altitude of 2832 meters that connects
• Ladakh range is a southeastern extension of the
the Kashmir Valley in the Union Territory of Jammu and
Karakoram Range, south-central Asia.
Kashmir with the Outer Himalayas and the plains in the
south? 23. The Kumaon Himalayas lie between which two Rivers?
(a) Mana Pass (b) Banihal Pass (a) Satluj-Kali (b) Tista-Dihang
(c) Bara-Lacha Pass (d) Zoji La (c) Kali-Tista (d) Indus-Satluj
• Sol (b); Banihal Pass is a mountain pass across the Pir • Sol (a); The part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj
Panjal Range at a maximum elevation of 2,832 m. and Kali Rivers is known as Kumaon Himalayas.
• It connects the Kashmir Valley in the union territory of • These Himalayas are west-central section of the
Jammu and Kashmir to the outer Himalayas and the Himalayas in northern India.
plains to the south. 24. In which of the following states of India is the Bomdi-La
19. Which is the outermost layer of the Himalayan? Pass located?
(a) Trans Himalayas (b) Greater Himalayas (a) Assam (b) Himachal Pradesh
(c) Lesser Himalayas (d) Shivalik Hills (c) Arunachal Pradesh (d) Sikkim
• Sol (d); The Shivalik Hills or Outer Himalaya are an outer • Sol (c); Arunachal Pradesh.
range of the Himalayas. • This pass connects Arunachal Pradesh with Lhasa.
• It run for about 2,400 kilometers (1,500 miles) in the 25. Which of the following mountains is situated near the
northern part of the Indian subcontinent from the Indus Siachen region of Ladakh in India?
River in the west to the Brahmaputra River in the east . (a) Kangchenjunga Mountain (b) Kirat Chuli Mountain
• The Bhabar is a narrow belt about 8-10km wide running (c) K12 Mountain (d) Kabru Mountain
in East to west direction along the foot of the Shiwaliks of • Sol (c); K12 Mountain is situated near the Siachin region
Himalayan Range with a remarkable continuity from the of Ladakh in India.
Indus to the Tista. • It is the second highest peak in the Saltoro Mountains, a
subrange of the Karakoram range.

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26. The Himalayas belong to which of the following categories • The Greater Himalayas formed due to the collision of two
of mountains? continental plates that is the Indian plate and Eurasian
(a) Plateau Mountain (b) Fault-block Mountain plate.
(c) Fold Mountain (d) Dome Mountain • As we know that continental plates composed of granitic
• Sol (c); Fold Mountains rocks that is why the Greater Himalayas are composed of
27. Which of the following statements about the Himalayan granite.
Mountains is NOT correct? • The outermost part of Himalaya is Shivalik
(a) The range lying to the immediate south of the Himadri 32. Which lake of India is the result of tectonic activity?
is called the Shiwaliks.
(a) Dal lake (b) Loktak lake
(b) The Shiwalik ranges are composed of unconsolidated
(c) Wular lake (d) Barapani lake
sediments brought down by Rivers.
• Sol (c); wular lake
(c) The core of the Himadri is made of granite.
1. Wular lake is one of the biggest freshwater lakes in
(d) Its northernmost part is called the Himadri.
Asia and it was formed as a result of tectonic activity.
• Sol (a); The range lying to the immediate south of the
Himadri is called the Shiwaliks. 2. Chilika Lake in Odisha is the largest saline water lake
in India.
• Explanation: Himadri > HImachal> Shiwaliks (Outer
Himalayas) 3. Vembanad Lake in Kerala is the longest lake in India.
28. _________ is a large mass of snow and ice at a high altitude 4. Cholamu Lake in Sikkim is the highest lake in India.
that slides down mountain slopes. 5. Lonar Lake is a notified National Geo-heritage
(a) Volcano (b) Hurricane Monument, saline, soda lake, located at Lonar in
(c) Avalanche (d) Cyclone Buldhana district, Maharashtra.
• Sol (c); An avalanche is one of the most powerful events 33. Tsomgo Lake is a glacial lake located in which of the
in nature. A fractured mass of snow may flow down a following states?
slope or become airborne. (a) Meghalaya (b) Gujarat
29. Which among the following is NOT one of the three (c) Punjab (d) Sikkim
parallel ranges of Himalayas in its longitudinal extent? • Sol (d); sikkim
(a) Himshikha (b) Himachal • Largest freshwater Lake in North -East India– Loktak
(c) Shiwaliks (d) Himadri Lake –Manipur
• Sol (a); Himshikha
• Longest Lake In India – Vembanad, Kerala
• The three parallel ranges of the Himalayas are 1)
• Largest Saline Water Lake In India – Chika Lake, Orissa
Himadri (Great or Inner Himalayas) 2) Himachal (Lesser
Himalayas) 3) Shiwaliks (Outer Himalayas). • Dal Lake is a lake in Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir also
known as the “Jewel in the crown of Kashmir” or
• Himadri is the most continuous range consisting of the
“Srinagar’s Jewel”. Tulip garden is situated on Dal Lake.
loftiest peaks and contains all the prominent Himalayan
peaks. The core of this part of Himalayas is composed of • Largest Artificial Lake In Asia – Upper Lake, Madhya
granite. Pradesh
• Himachal is the range lying to the south of the Himadri • Bhimtal Lake, Uttarakhand is the largest lake in the
and is mainly composed of highly compressed and Kumaon region. It is also known as the “Lake district of
altered rocks. This region is well known for its hill India”. One of the prominent qualities of this lake is It is
stations. Pir Panjal range forms the longest and the most a “C” shaped lake.
important range. • Highest Lake In India – Cholamu Lake, Sikkim
• Shivalik is the outer most range of the Himalayas extends • Salim Ali Lake has been named after the great naturalist
over a width of 10-50 Km. It is composed of and ornithologist, Salim Ali who is also known as
unconsolidated sediments brought down by Rivers from birdman of India.
the main Himalayan ranges located farther north. • Largest Fresh Water Lakes In Asia & India – Wular Lake,
30. Which of the following sites is located on the hills near the Kashmir
Brahmaputra valley on the way to China and Myanmar? 34. What will be the order of the following mountain ranges
(a) Paiyampalli (b) Mehrgarh from North to South?
(c) Gufkral (d) Daojali Hading
• Sol (d); Daojali Hading is a site on the hills near the 1) Zaskar; 2) Pir panjal; 3) Karakoram; 4) Ladakh
Brahmaputra Valley, close to routes leading into China (a) 3,4,1,2 (b) 2,1,4,3
and Myanmar. Here stone tools, including mortars and (c) 4,3,2,1 (d) 1,3,4,2
pestles, have been found. • Sol (a); Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Siwalik is
31. The core of the Great Himalayas is composed of ______. the correct order of Mountain Ranges from North to
(a) Limestone (b) Slate South.
(c) Granite (d) Sandstone 35. Mount Siniolchu is located in which state of India?
• Sol (c); Granite (a) Himachal Pradesh (b) Nagaland
(c) Andhra Pradesh (d) Sikkim

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• Sol (d); Siniolchu is one of the tallest mountains of the 40. The northern most range of the Himalayan Mountain is
Indian state of Sikkim. The 6,888 meters mountain is known as:
considered to be particularly aesthetically attractive, (a) Lesser Himalaya (b) Mahabharat ranges
having been described by Douglas Freshfield as "the most (c) Outer Himalaya (d) Great Himalaya
superb triumph of mountain architecture and the most • Sol (d); The northern-most range is known as the Great or
beautiful snow mountain in the world" Inner Himalayas or the Himadri. It is the most
36. Dhaulagiri is a peak in _________ Himalaya. continuous range consisting of the loftiest peaks with an
(a) Garhwal (b) Kumaon average height of 6,000 metres. It contains all prominent
(c) Bhutan (d) Nepal Himalayan peaks.
• Sol (d); Dhaulagiri peak is located in Nepal. It is the 41. The highest peak of Arunachal Pradesh state is ________.
highest peak of the Dhaulagiri Himalaya or massif in (a) Kamet (b) Trisuli
Nepal. (c) Kangto (d) Nun-Kun
37. Mount Adi Kailash is located in the state of _____. • Sol (c); Kangto, mountain in the eastern Himalayas in
(a) Arunachal Pradesh (b) Sikkim western Arunachal Pradesh state, northern India, on the
(c) Uttarakhand (d) Himachal Pradesh border with the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It
• Sol (c); Adi Kailash also known as Shiva Kailash, Chota reaches a height of about 23,260 feet (7,090 metres).
Kailash, Baba Kailash or Jonglingkong Peak, is a 42. In which state of India is the Kangra and Kullu valley
mountain located in the Himalayan Mountain range in located?
the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand, India. (a) Uttarakhand (b) Uttar Pradesh
38. Which of the following hills is NOT located in Meghalaya? (c) Himachal Pradesh (d) Jammu and Kashmir
(a) Dafla Hills (b) Jaintia Hills • Sol (c); Himachal Pradesh
(c) Khasi Hills (d) Garo Hills • Kangra and Kullu valleys are situated in Himachal
• Sol: Garo hills, Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills are located in Pradesh. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of
Meghalaya. the thirteen mountain states and is characterised by an
Dafla Hills are located in Arunachal Pradesh. extreme landscape featuring several peaks and extensive
39. Which of the following hill stations is located in the Middle River systems.
Himalayas? • Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys with many
(a) Kemmangundi (b) Kodaikanal perennial Rivers flowing through them. Around 90% of
(c) Munnar (d) Darjeeling the state's population lives in rural areas.
• Sol (d); Darjeeling is located in the middle himalayas. • Agriculture, horticulture, hydropower and tourism are
important constituents of the state's economy.

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List of Important Dams, Reservoirs and

Rivers in India
Highest Dam in India: Tehri Dam (Uttarakhand) State Dams/ Reservoir River
Longest Dam in India: Hirakud Dam (Odisha) Cholal Dam Cholal Choe
Oldest Dam in India: Kallanai Dam (Tamil Nadu) Chutak Suru
Hydroelectric
State Dams/ Reservoir River Plant
Andhra Pradesh Nagarjunasagar Krishna Nimoo Bazgo Indus
Dam Hydroelectric
Somasila Dam Penna Plant
Nizamsagar Dam Manjira Jharkhand Konar Dam Konar
Srisailam Krishna Tenughat Damodar
Kalyani Dam Swarnamukhi Maithon Barakar
Veligallu Dam Papagni Panchet Damodar
Ramagundam Godavari Chandil Subarnarekha
Singur dam Manjira Karnataka Lakhya Lakya
Jalaput Dam Godavari Almatti Krishna
Tatipudi Gosthani Bhadra Bhadra
Reservoir Hemavathi Hemavathi
Gandipalem Pillaperu Hidkal Ghataprabha
Reservoir Malaprabha Malaprabha
Gandikota Penna Linganamakki Sharavathi
Reservoir Supa Kalinadi (Kali)
Arunachal Dibang Dibang River
Pradesh Ranganadi Ranganadi Tunga Bhadra Thunga Bhadra
Bihar Nagi Dam Nagi River Kadra Kalinadi
Chhattisgarh Dudhawa dam Mahanadi Krishnaraja Sagar Kaveri
Minimata Bango Hasdeo Basava Sagar Dam Krishna
(Hasdeo) (Narayanpur)
Gangreal Dam Mahanadi Kodasalli Dam Kali
(R.S. Sagar) Ghataprabha Ghataprabha
Kutaghat Kharang Reservoir
Gujarat Sardar Sarovar Narmada Hemavathi Hemavathi
Dam Reservoir
Ukai Dam Tapi Kerala Malampuzha Malampuzha
Dantiwada West Banas Idukki Arch Dam Periyar
Kandana Mahi Kulamavu Kaliyar
Kamleshwar Hiran Cheruthoni Periyar river
Dharoi Sabarmathi Idamalayar Edamalayar/
Dholidhaja Bhogavo Periyar
Karjan dam Karjan Kakki Kakki
Himachal Pradesh Chamera Dam Ravi Mullaiperiyar Periyar
Maharana Pratap Beas Neyyar Dam Neyyar
Sagar Dam Parambikulam Parambikulam
Pandoh Dam Beas Banasura Sagar Kabini
Bhakra Nangal Sutlej Walayar Walayar
Dam Ladakh Dumkar Indus
NathpaJakhri Sutlej Hydroelectric
Dam Dam
Koldam Sutlej Madhya Pradesh Bargi Narmada
Kishau Tons Bansagar Son
Pong Dam Beas Indira Sagar Dam Narmada
Gobind Sagar Sutlej Gandhi Sagar Dam Chambal
Reservoir Madikheda Dam Sindh River
Maharana Pratap Pong Dam Lake Omkareshwar Narmada
Sagar Reservoir Tawa Tawa
Jammu and Salal Dam Chenab Rajghat Betwa
Kashmir Uri Dam Jhelum Maharashtra Koyna Koyna
Baglihar Dam Chenab Bhatsa Bhatsa & Chorna
River

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 1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS
State Dams/ Reservoir River State Dams/ Reservoir River
Isapur Dam Penganga Srisailam Krishna
Jayakwadi Godavari Uttar Pradesh Dhanraul Ghaghar
(Paithan) Parichha Betwa
Totladoh Pench Rihand Rihand
Warna Warna Rajghat Betwa
Ujjani (Bhima) Bhima GovindBallabh Rihand
Yeldari Purna Pant Sagar Dam
Mulshi Mula Matatila Betwa
Panshet Ambi Uttarakhand Tehri Bhagirathi
Girna Girna and Dhauliganga Dhauliganga
Godavari River Lakhwar Yamuna
Radhanagiri Bhogawati Jamrani Gola
Khadakwasla Mutha Koteshwar Bhagirathi
Vaitarna Vaitarna Ramganga Ramganga
Odisha Indravati Indravati West Bengal Kangasabati Kangasabati,
Mandira Sankh Kumari
Hirakud Mahanadi Panchet Dam Damodar
Muran Muran Durgapur Barrage Damodar
Rengali Brahmni Farakka barrage Ganges
Kapur Kapur
Upper Kolab Kolab
Podagada Podagada
Balimela Sileru
Reservoir
Punjab Siswan Dam Siswan
Ranjit Sagar Ranjit Sagar
(Thein) Dam (Thein)
Bakhra Nangal Bakhra Nangal
Dam
Damsal Dam Damsal
Rajasthan Jawahar Sagar Chambal
Bisalpur Banas
Jawai Jawai/ Luni
Mahai Bajaj Sagar Mahi
Dam
Rana Pratap Sagar Chambal
Dam
Tamilnadu Mettur Dam Cauveri
BhavaniSagar Bhavani
Kallanai Dam Kaveri
Aliyar Aliyar
Amaravathi Amaravathi
Sholaiyar Sholaiyar
Vaigai Vaigai
Chittar Chittar
Pechiparai Kodayar
Manimuthar Manimuthar
Shoolagiri Chinnar
Chinnar Reservoir
Kullursandai Arjuna Nadi
Reservoir
Perunchani Paralayar
Telangana Ramagundam Godavari
Manair Manair
Dindi Reservoir Krishna
NizamSagar Manjira
Singur Manjira
Somasila Pennar
SriramSagar Godavari

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 1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS
43. Koteshwar Hydroelectric Power Project is located on The
river ______.
(a) Damodar (b) Gomti
(c) Bhagirathi (d) Koshi
• Sol (c); Koteshwar Hydro Electric Project is erected in
the Bhagirathi River at about 22 km downstream of Tehri
Dam in Uttarakhand in India
• The source of water for the generation of power is
Bhagirathi River.
• The Koteshwar Hydro Electric Project is a Joint Venture
of State Government and Indian Government and the
operator of the plant is Tehri Hydro Development
Corporation (THDC). The beneficiary states of the power
project are Uttarakhand and its nearby States
Project Details:
• Hydroelectric Project Name – Koteshwar Hydro Electric
Project
• Commission Date – 2010
• Approved Capacity in MW – 400 MW
• Installed Capacity in MW – 400 MW
• Type of Project – Major (total capacity > 25 MW)
• The river Ganga is also knows as the Bhagirathi. Its
tributaries include -
• Left - Ramganga, Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi and
Mahananda
• Right - Yamuna, Tamsa, Son and Punpun
44. River Ken is one of the major Rivers of the Bundelkhand
region of central India and flows through two states,
Madhya Pradesh and ______.
(a) Gujarat (b) Rajasthan
(c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Maharashtra
• Sol (c); March 2021, the governments of Uttar Pradesh
and Madhya Pradesh signed an agreement that nudges
forward the long-stalled multi-crore, controversial project
to link the Ken and the Betwa Rivers.
• The Environment Ministry’s expert panel has deferred
the environmental clearance to Lower Orr Dam that is a
part of the phase-II of the Ken-Betwa River linking
project.
• Lower Orr Dam (On the Orr River in Madhya Pradesh)
project is considered to be the national project and is a
part of the Ken-Betwa project.
• There is a disagreement between the two states (Uttar
Pradesh and MP) over the sharing of water.
45. Tapovan Vishnugad Hydroelectric Project is located in:
(a) Himachal Pradesh (b) Jammu and Kashmir
(c) Uttarakhand (d) Ladakh
• Sol (c); The Tapovan Vishnugad Hydropower Plant is a
520 MW run-of-River hydroelectric project
• Constructed on Dhauliganga River in Chamoli
District of Uttarakhand.
• The plant is expected to generate over 2.5 TWh of
electricity annually
46. The Paithan Hydro - Electric Project is on River _______.
(a) Brahmaputra (b) Yamuna
(c) Narmada (d) Godavari
• Sol (d); Godavari.
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• The dam is known as the Jayakwadi dam.
• The project is in Paithan taluka of Auranaabad district in
Maharashtra.
• The origin of Godavari is in Trimbak in the Nasik district
(Maharastra).
• The river drains into the Bay of Bengal.
• Tributaries of Godavari - Manjira, Indravati,
Sabari,Bindusara
47. On which River and in which state is the Jayakwadi dam
situated?
(a) Periyar River – Kerala(b) Banas River - Rajasthan
(c) Ravi River – Punjab (d) Godavari River – Maharashtra
• Sol (d); Godaveri is in Paithan taluka of Aurangabad
district
• This dam is primarily used for storing water for the
purpose of irrigation. But it is a multi purpose dam
• The foundation of the dam was laid by the former Prime
Minister of India – Lal Bahadur Shastri
48. Baglihar Dam is constructed on which River?
(a) Chenab (b) Ravi
(c) Sutlej (d) Indus
• Sol (a); Baglihar Dam also known as Baglihar
Hydroelectric Power Project, is a run-of-the-River power
project on the Chenab River in the Ramban district
of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
• The first power project executed by the Jammu and
Kashmir Power Development Corporation, it was
conceived in 1992 and approved in 1996, with
construction begun in 1999.
49. The Almatti dam project on the Krishna River was an
issue between which states?
(a) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
(b) Karnataka and Goa
(c) Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu
(d) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
• Sol (a); The Almatti dam project on the Krishna River was
an issue between Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and
Maharashtra.
• It is a hydroelectric project situated in the Bagalkot
district, North Karnataka.
• It was chosen for the World Bank’s Award of Excellence
for best utilization of funds for renovation in order to
increase the strength of the dam.
50. Sardar Sarovar Dam is situated in the state of ______ and
on The river ______.
(a) Gujarat, Narmada (b) Maharashtra, Krishna
(c) Uttar Pradesh, Ganga (d) Rajasthan, Chambal
• Sol (a); sardar sarovar dam-gujrat -narmada River
• Nagarjuna Sagar Dam-Telangana-Krishna River
51. Hirakud dam is in which state?
(a) Maharashtra (b) Karnataka
(c) Odisha (d) Rajasthan
• Sol (c); Hirakud Dam is in Odisha.
• It is built across Mahanadi River.
• It is the longest earthen dam in the world.
• Hirakud dam was declared a Ramsar site in August 2022.
 1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS
52. In which of the following states is the Nizam Sagar Dam • Sol (b); The Maithon Dam is located in district Dhanbad
situated? in the state of Jharkhand, India.
(a) Karnataka (b) Telangana • It is constructed on the Barakar River.
(c) West Bengal (d) Andhra Pradesh
• It is owned by the Damodar Valley Corporation.
• Sol (b); The Nigam Sagar Dam is the oldest dam in the
state of Telangana. • This dam was specially designed for flood control and
generated 60,000 kW of electric power.
• It was built in 1923 by Mir Osman Ali Khan, the then
ruler of the royal Hyderabad. 60. Which of the following barrages/dams is closest to the
India-Bangladesh border?
• It is a reservoir constructed across the Manjira River, a
(a) Tilaiya (b) Farakka
tributary of Godavari River.
(c) Durgapur (d) Massanjore
• Nagarjuna sagar, singur dam, srisilam dam, rajolibanda • Sol (b); The Farakka Barrage is located in Murshidabad
dam are other important dam in Telangana. and Malda districts of West Bengal at about 300 km north
53. What is the height of Tehri Dam? of Kolkata.
(a) 250.5 m (b) 270.5 m • It is a barrage across the Ganga River.
(c) 280.5 m (d) 260.5 m
• It is largest barrage in India.
• Sol (d); The height of Tehri Dam is 260.5 m (855 ft).
61. Which of the following dams is constructed across The
• It is the tallest dam in India and 12th tallest dam in the river Krishna?
world.
(a) Nagarjuna Sagar (b) Tehri
• It is on the Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand, India. (c) Bhakra Nangal (d) Hirakud
54. The Walayar Dam is in which district of Kerala? • Sol (a); Nagarjuna Sagar Dam constructed across the
(a) Kasaragod (b) Palakkad Krishna River at Nagarjuna Sagar.
(c) Thrissur (d) Idukki • It is a masonry dam.
• Sol (b); Walayar Dam is a dam in Palakkad district of
• It is jointly operated by Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Kerala, India.
• The Krishna River which is third longest River in India
• This dam is constructed across the Walayar River which
rises from the Western Ghats in Mahabaleshwar in
is a tributary of Kalpathipuzha River.
Maharashtra.
• It was completed and opened in 1964. It is one of the 62. Hirakud dam is built across The river:
major sources of irrigation in the region.
(a)Betwa (b)Krishan
55. Indira Sagar Dam which is a concrete gravity dam is (c)Mahanadi (d)Godvai
located in which of the following states of India? • Sol (c); Mahanadi
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Maharashtra
Name of the River State
(c) Chattisgarh (d) Madhya Pradesh
Dam
• Sol (d); Indira Sagar Project (ISP) situated on River
Srisailam Dam Krishna River Andhra Pradesh
Narmada, 10 Km from village Punasa in Khandwa
Rajghat Dam Betwa River Uttar Pradesh and
district of Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
56. In which state is the Chamera Hydro Electric Project Border
located? Hirakud Dam Mahanadi River Odisha
(a) Maharashtra (b) Gujarat Gangapur Dam, Godavari River Maharashtra
(c) Himachal Pradesh (d) Punjab Jayakwadi Dam
• Sol (c); Chamera-I Power Station (3 x 180 MW) is a
63. Which of the following is the highest gravity dam in India?
pondage scheme to harness the hydro power potential of
River Ravi. (a) Bhakra Dam (b) Hirakund Dam
(c) Sardar Sarovar Dam (d) Mettur Dam
57. The Bhupen Hazarika Setu, also called Dhola–Sadiya
Bridge which connects Assam and _________. • Sol (a); Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam across the
Sutlej River and is near the border between Punjab and
(a) Sikkim (b) Meghalaya
Himachal Pradesh in northern India
(c) West Bengal (d) Arunachal Pradesh
• Sol (d); The Bhupen Hazarika Setu, also referred to as the • The primary use of the Bhakra-Nangal dam is irrigation,
Dhola–Sadiya Bridge, is a beam bridge in India, storing rainwater. The dam provides irrigation water to
connecting the northeast states of Assam and Arunachal Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh. The
Pradesh dam is also famous for tourism and generating electricity.
58. The Salal Project is constructed on The river: 64. The ______ dam is built across the Subarnarekha River.
(a) Chenab (b) Bhima (a) Bhairwa (b) Malay
(c) Krishna (d) Manjra (c) Barhi (d) Chandil
• Sol (a); Salal Hydroelectric Project constructed on River • Sol (d); Chandil Dam standing on the Subarnarekha River
Chenab in the district Reasi. is a place of scenic beauty. This dam is one of the most
visited places of jharkhand.
59. Which of the following dams is located in Jharkhand?
65. The Ukai dam is located on the ______ River.
(a) Koyna (b) Maithan
(a) Mahi (b) Narmada
(c) Mettur (d) Sardar Sarovar
(c) Karjan (d) Tapi

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 1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS
• Sol (d); The Ukai Dam, constructed across the Tapi River,
is the second largest reservoir in Gujarat after the Sardar
Sarovar. It is also known as Vallabh Sagar.
66. Which of the following is the multi-purpose rock and
earth-fill embankment dam on the Bhagirathi River?
(a) Koyna Dam (b) Thein Dam
(c) Tehri Dam (d) Gandhisagar Dam
• Sol (c); Tehri Dam
• Tehri dam is renowned as the largest and highest dam in
Asia and is considered as the 10th tallest dam in the
world harnessing water from Bhilangana and Bhagirathi,
the two essential Rivers in the Himalayas. The Tehri dam,
a 260.5 m-high earth and rockfill dam, impounds water
44 km along Bhagirathi River and 25 km along
Bhilangana River
11
• Koyna Dam: Koyna dam is a rubble-concrete dam built
on Koyna River in Satara district Maharashtra. The
Sardar Sarovar Dam is a gravity dam that is built on The
river Narmada in Gujarat. Bhakra Dam is a concrete
gravity dam.
• Thein Dam: The Ranjit Sagar Dam, also known as the
Thein Dam, is part of a hydroelectric project constructed
by the Punjab Irrigation Department on the Ravi River on
the border of Union Territory, Jammu and Kashmir and
state Punjab. It is located upstream of the Madhopur
Barrage at Madhopur.
• Gandhisagar Dam: Gandhisagar Dam is situated at a
distance of 168 Kms from the District headquarter. The
Dam is constructed on the Chambal River. The Gandhi
Sagar Dam is one of the four major dams built on India's
Chambal River. The dam is located in the Mandsaur,
districts of the state of Madhya Pradesh
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 1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS

India and its Neighbouring Countries

• India is located latitudinally in the Northern Hemisphere BANGLADESH
and longitudinally in the Eastern Hemisphere.
• Capital: Dhaka
• India is the second-most populous country in the world and • Currency: Bangladeshi taka
seventh-largest country in the world in terms ofarea.
• State/ Provinces: 8 Provinces
• India is called as Peninsula because it is surrounded by the
• National Game: Volleyball
Indian Ocean on the south, the Bay of Bengal onthe east, and
• Official languages: Bengali
the Arabian Sea on the west. In the north, India is attached
• Formal Name: People's Republic of Bangladesh
to landmass.
• President: Abdul Hamid
• India has 15,106.7 km. of land border and a coastline of
• Prime Minister: Sheikh Hasina
7,516.6 km including island territories(Lakshadweep Islands
• Border Length with India: 4096 kilometres
and Andaman and Nicobar Islands)
• India shares the longest border with Bangladesh
• India shares its land border with seven countries-
• National animal: Royal Bengal tiger
Afghanistan and Pakistan to the North-West, China,Bhutan
• India Bangladesh border Name: Radcliffe Line
and Nepal to the north, Myanmar to the Far East and
Bangladesh to the east.
BHUTAN
• India shares its maritime borders with Sri Lanka (from the • Capital:Thimphu
south-east) and Maldives (from the south-west) • Formal Name: Kingdom of Bhutan
• India has the third-largest international border in the world • Border Length with India: 699 km
after China and Russia • Official Language: Dzongkha
• The list of Indian states/UTs that share the borders with • Currency: Ngultrum
Neighbouring countries are given below: • States/ Provinces: 20 States
• Prime Minister: Lotay Tshering
Neighbouring Bordering States/UTs • Monarch: Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
Country
• National Game: Archery
Afghanistan Ladakh
Bangladesh West Bengal, Meghalaya, Mizoram, CHINA
Tripura and Assam • Capital: Beijing
Bhutan West Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh • President: Xi Jinping
& Assam • Formal Name: People's Republic of China
China Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, • Border Length with India: 3488 km
Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh • Official Language: Mandarin
• Currency: Chinese Yuan
Myanmar Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram
and Manipur • States/ Provinces: 26 Provinces
• National Game: Table Tennis
Nepal Bihar, Uttarakhand, UP, Sikkim and West
Bengal • India Bangladesh border Name: McMahon Line

Pakistan Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Punjab, MYANMAR

Rajasthan and Gujarat
• Capital: Naypyidaw
Sri Lanka An island nation in the Indian Ocean and • President: Myint Swe (Acting)
separated from peninsular India by the
• Border Length with India: 1643 km
Palk Strait
• Official Language: Burmese
Maldives An island nation in the Indian Ocean
• Currency: Burmese Kyat
• National Game: Caneball
Neighbouring Countries of India
AFGHANISTAN • Formal Name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar
• Capital: Kabul
NEPAL
• Currency: Afghan Afghani
• Capital: Kathmandu
• India Afghanistan border Name: Durand Line
• Formal Name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
• Official languages: Dari and Pashto
• Border Length with India: 1751 km
• National Game: Buzkashi
• Official Language: Nepali
• States/ Provinces: 34 Provinces
• Currency: Nepalese Rupee
• Border Length with India: 106 kilometres
• States/ Provinces: 7 Provinces
• Formal Name: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
• President: Bidhya Devi Bhandari
• Independence Day: 19th August 1919

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 1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS
• Prime Minister: Sher Bahadur Deuba 67. ___, the world's highest polo ground, is located in
Pakistan.
PAKISTAN (a) Kasur (b) Attock
• Capital:Islamabad (c) Shandur (d) Okara
• Formal Name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan • Sol (c); Shandur
• Border Length with India: 3323 km Names Details
• Official Language: Urdu, English Okar Its is a Punjab province of Pakistan
• Currency: Pakistani Rupee The name Okara is derived from Okaan, the
name of the type of tree
• States/ Provinces: 4 Provinces
Shandur It is the highest polo ground in the world,
• National Game: Field Hockey
located in Pakistan
• President: Arif Alvi Kasur It is in the province of Punjab, Pakistan
• Prime Minister: Shehbaz sharif
68. _______ is the largest city in Sri Lanka.
• India Pakistan border Name: Radcliffe Line (a) Colombo (b) Negombo
• Pakistan Independence Day : August 14, 1947 (c) Kandy (d) Jaffna
• Sol (a); Colombo is the commercial capital of Sri Lanka
SRI LANKA
• Gangaramaya Temple is one of the most important
• Capital: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
temples in Colombo
(legislative),Colombo (executive and judicial)
• Negombo – it is a city on the west coast of Sri Lanka and
• Official Language: Sinhala, Tamil
is known for its long sandy beaches and centuries-old
• Currency: Sri Lankan Rupee fishing industry
• States/ Provinces: 9 Statess • Jaffna – it is the capital city of the northern province of
• Formal Name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Sri Lanka
• National game: Volleyball • Kandy – it is a major city located in the central province
• President: Ranil Wickremesinghe of Sri Lanka
• Prime Minister: Dinesh Gunawardena • It was declared a world heritage site by UNESCO in 1988
• Sri Lanka independence day: February 4, 1948 69. The Kyaik Htee Yoe pagoda is located in:
(a) Bhutan (b) Sri Lanka
MALDIVES
(c) Myanmar (d) Nepal
• Official Language: Dhivehi
• Sol (c); The Kyaik Htee Yoe pagoda(It's also known as
• Currency : Maldivian Rufiyaa Golden Rock) is located in Myanmar(Burma).
• Formal Name: Republic of Maldives • It's a well known Buddhist pilgrimage site in Mon
• President: Ibrahim Mohamed Solih Province.
• National Game: Football • It is a 24 ft pilgrimage built on the top of a granite
• Capital: Male boulder covered with gold leaf pasted by its male
devotees.
EXTRA SHOTS • Precariously perched on a strand of Buddha's hair.
• Military control line between India and Pakistan: Line of
• The rock and the pagoda are situated at the top of Mt.
Control (LoC)
Kyaiktiyo.
• Water Body Separating India From Srilanka : Palk Strait
• This is the third-largest Buddhist pilgrimage site in
• Shortest international border of India : India share
Burma after the Mahamuni Pagoda and Shwedagon
Shortest border with Afghanistan Pagoda.
• Neighboring countries with water and land boundary 70. Which country in the world has the largest number of
:Bangladesh, Myanmar, Pakistan international borders?
• India shares its borders with seven different countries; (a) India (b) Pakistan
Pakistan, China, Nepal, Afghanistan, Bhutan, (c) Nepal (d) China
Bangladesh & Myanmar. These international borders are • Sol (d); China and Russia have the largest number of
guarded by different paramilitary forces. international borders. Both have 14 neighboring
countries.
International Border Guarded by • The neighboring countries of China include Mongolia,
Indo-Pakistan Border Border Security Force (BSF) Russia, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan,
Indo-Bangladesh Border Border Security Force (BSF) Kyrgyzstan, Bhutan, Nepal, India, Myanmar, Vietnam,
Indo-China Border Indo-Tibetan Border Police Laos, and North Korea
(ITBP) 71. India shares its land boundaries with which countries in
Indo-Nepal Border Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) the east?
Indo-Bhutan Border Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) (a) Myanmar and Bangladesh (b) China, Nepal and
Indo-Myanmar Border Assam Rifles (AR) Bhutan

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 1EQ – GEOGRAPHY – IMPORTANT TOPICS
(c) Bhutan and Afghanistan (d) Pakistan and • Sol (a); Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh
Afghanistan • Bhutan has the smallest area among neighboring
• Sol (a); In the east, India shares its boundaries with countries of India.
Myanmar and Bangladesh.
• A total of 9 countries shares borders with India.
• In total, India share its boundaries with seven countries: -
Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest, China, Nepal • Out of these, 7 countries share land borders while 2
and Bhutan in the North and Myanmar and Bangladesh countries share sea borders with India.
in the east. • Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Myanmar,
72. The Sunauli border is a famous transit point between India Nepal, and Pakistan share land borders with India.
and _________. • Sri Lanka and the Maldives are two countries with water
(a) Myanmar (b) Nepal borders.
(c) Pakistan (d) Bhutan • Bhutan is the smallest neighboring country of India in
• Sol (b); Sonauli is a town, near city of Maharajganj in terms of area and land borders.
Maharajganj district in Uttar Pradesh, India. • The total area of Bhutan is 38,394 km².
• It located on the Indo-Nepal Border and is a well-known • The total area of Myanmar is 676,575 km².
and most famous transit point between India and Nepal.
• The total area of Nepal is 147,516 km².
73. Which of the following states separates Nepal from
Bhutan? • The total area of Pakistan is 796,095 km².
(a) Bihar (b) Sikkim 79. Which of the following is NOT a crossing point along the
(c) Odisha (d) Assam Indo-Pak border?
• Sol (b); Sikkim (a) Attari (b) Wagah
• Nepal and Bhutan are two landlocked Himalayan (c) Sikar (d) Ganda Singh Wala
countries, sandwiched between a democracy and an • Sol (c); Sikar
authoritarian one-party state: India and China. • Some crossing points are:-
• They are separated by the Indian State of Sikkim and • Attari (Indian side)-Wagah (Pakistani side) border – It is
have historically nurtured solid relations with Delhi. famous for its border ceremony.
74. Which of the following is the smallest neighbouring • Munabao:- A village in Barmer, Rajasthan, India through
country of India in terms of population? which Thar express connecting India with Pakistan runs.
(a) Afghanistan (b) Maldives • Ganda Singh Wala border: - Ganda Singh Wala is a
(c) Bangladesh (d) Nepal village on Pakistan side of the border. Hussainiwala is
• Sol (b); The smallest neighboring country of India in the Indian side of this crossing. It is closed as of now.
terms of population is "Maldives". The Maldives became • Fazilka (India)-Sulaimanki (Pakistan) border
independent on 26th July 1965
• The international boundary between India and Pakistan
75. The border between India and Bhutan adjoins ________
was drafted by Cyril Radcliffe and is also called Radcliffe
Indian states.
line.
(a) Four (b) Three
80. The McMahon line is a line which separates china and
(c) Five (d) Two
which Indian state?
• Sol (a); Four
(a) Sikkim (b) Uttarakhand
The border is 699 km long, and adjoins the Indian states
of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal, and Sikkim. (c) Jammu and Kashmir (d) Arunachal Pradesh

76. ‘Sagarmatha’ is the Nepali name for: • Sol (d); Arunachal Pradesh
(a) Makalu (b) Lhotse • The McMahon Line, which sets the boundary between
(c) Kanchenjunga (d) Mount Everest India and China, is drawn to the northern boundary of
Arunachal Pradesh.
• Sol (d); Mount Everest.
• The McMahon Line is the effective borderline between
• In Nepali, it means ‘Goddess of the Sky’.
the Northeast region of India And the Tibetan region of
• It is Earth’s highest mountain above sea level. China.
77. What is the length of the Indian border with Afghanistan? • It separates Arunachal Pradesh from Tibet.
(a) 106 km (b) 601 km 81. How many Indian states share its border with Bangladesh?
(c) 575 km (d) 755 km (a) Five (b) Three
• Sol (a); The border touches Jammu and Kashmir. (c) Six (d) Four
• This is shortest is length amongst all other neighbouring • Sol (a); Five
countries.
• Five Indian states - Assam, West Bengal, Mizoram,
• It is named as the Durand line. Meghalaya, and Tripura share borders with Bangladesh.
78. Which of the following countries are India’s neighbours?. 82. India shares its land boundary with ______ in the north-
(a) Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh west.
(b) Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Bhutan (a) Myanmar (b) Bhutan
(c) Pakistan, Nepal, Indonesia (c) Bangladesh (d) Afghanistan
(d) Pakistan, Australia, Russia • Sol (d); Afghanistan

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• India is a peninsular landform with Bay of Bengal (c) Bhutan (d) Vietnam
bordering the East side of the peninsular region, Arabian • Sol (c); Bhutan
Sea on the west side of the peninsular region and Indian • India and Bhutan shares the boundary with west Bengal,
Ocean on the south. Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh
India has a Land border of 15,200Km and 7516 KM of
coastal borders. • The relations between India and Bhutan have been close.
Following are the countries that share a border with An Indian Military Training Team (IMTRAT) is
India: permanently based in Bhutan to train the army there and
India provides unimpeded support to Bhutan officials
• a) Afghanistan – Afghanistan shares a 106 KM Border
85. Which country is separated from India by the Gulf of
Length with Pakistan
Mannar?
occupied Kashmir in India
b) Bangladesh – Bangladesh shares a 4096 KM border (a) Bangladesh (b) China
with West Bengal, (c) Indonesia (d) Sri Lanka
Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura and Assam. • Sol (d); srilanka
c) Bhutan – Bhutan Shares a 699 KM border with West 86. What is the capital of India's neighbouring country
Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. Afghanistan?
d) China– China shares a 3488 KM border with Jammu (a) Kandahar (b) Karachi
and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttrakhand, Sikkim (c) Kabul (d) Kathmandu
and Arunachal Pradesh. • Sol (c); kabul
e) Myanmar – Myanmar shares a 1643 KM border with
• The capital of Afghanistan is Kabul.
Arunachal Pradesh,
Nagaland, Mizoram and Manipur • The relations between India and Afghanistan have been
f) Nepal– India shares a 1751 KM border with Bihar, strong and friendly.
Uttrakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim and West Bengal. India was the only country to recognize Afghanistan in
G) Pakistan –India shares a 3323 Km Border with Jammu the 1980s.
and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan and Gujarat. • India aided the overthrowing of the Taliban
83. What is the total number of India’s neighbouring Government and provided
countries? humanitarian aid to improve the conditions.
(a) Twelve (b) Nine • India has also undertaken various infrastructure projects
(c) Eight (d) Six such as Salma Dam.
• Sol (b); nine The Chabar Port and Trans-Afghanistan pipeline
• India is a peninsular landform with Bay of Bengal (TAPI) has led to better relations between India and
bordering the East side of the peninsular region, Arabian Afghanistan
Sea on the west side of the peninsular region and Indian 87. Which of the following are the two island neighbours of
Ocean on the south. India?
India has a Land border of 15,200Km and 7516 KM of (a) Taiwan and Singapore (b) Philippines and Sri
coastal borders. Lanka
Following are the countries that share a border with (c) New Zealand and Maldives (d) Sri Lanka and Maldives
India: • Sol (d); Srilanka and maldives
• Afghanistan – Afghanistan shares a 106 KM Border • Maldives enjoys the protection of India in case of
Length with Pakistan external aggression.
occupied Kashmir in India Both nations undergo military exercises regularly.
b) Bangladesh – Bangladesh shares a 4096 KM border
• India helps Maldives by investing heavily
with West Bengal,
in infrastructure projects.
Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura and Assam.
c) Bhutan – Bhutan Shares a 699 KM border with West • India has gifted many aircrafts to the Maldives air-force.
Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. India and its neighboring countries are a part of various
d) China– China shares a 3488 KM border with Jammu organizations.
and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttrakhand, Sikkim • Srilanka and Maldives are located in the Indian ocean.
and Arunachal Pradesh. • There are seven neighbouring countries of india which
e) Myanmar – Myanmar shares a 1643 KM border with touch the land surface.
Arunachal Pradesh,
Nagaland, Mizoram and Manipur • India is the 7th most biggest nation the world.
f) Nepal– India shares a 1751 KM border with Bihar, 88. Which of the following is a neighbouring country of India?
Uttrakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim and West Bengal. (a) Russia (b) Maldives
G) Pakistan –India shares a 3323 Km Border with Jammu (c) Australia (d) Iran
and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan and Gujarat. • Sol (b); maldives
• H) Srilanka and Maldives are the eight and the nine one • Maldives enjoys the protection of India in case of
situated in Indian Ocean. external aggression.
84. Which of the following countries shares their land Both nations undergo military exercises regularly.
boundary with India? • India helps Maldives by investing heavily
(a) Uzbekistan (b) Indonesia in infrastructure projects.

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• India has gifted many aircrafts to the Maldives air-force. 90. Which Indian state among the following does NOT have a
India and its neighboring countries are a part of various border with Nepal?
organizations: (a) Uttar Pradesh (b) West Bengal
89. Which island country in the Arabian sea is a neighbour of (c) Uttarakhand (d) Assam
India? • Sol (d);
(a) Indonesia (b) Sri Lanka Nepal shares a border of about 1850 km with five Indian
(c) Maldives (d) Myanmar States - Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal,
• Sol (c); and Sikkim.
India has two neighbouring island countries, Sri Lanka • Meghalaya, and Tripura share borders with Bangladesh.
and Maldives.Maldives is in Arabain sea and Sri lanka is
in Southwest of Bay of Bengal.

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Important facts about Planets

Biggest planet Jupiter (a) lunar exosphere (b) lunar stratosphere
Biggest satellite Ganymede (Jupiter) (c) lunar thermosphere (d) lunar endosphere
Blue planet Earth • Sol (a); Planetary scientists prefer to call the thin gaseous
Green planet Uranus envelope around the Moon as the ‘Lunar exosphere’.
Brightest planet Venus • Here, molecules in the air are so few and far between,
Closest star of solar system Proxima Centauri they rarely come into contact with one another.
Coldest planet Neptune
• Still, the gases found around the Moon do have
Evening Star Venus
important effects on conditions near the surface.
Planet with maximum number Saturn
of satellites • While the Earth's atmosphere near the mean sea level
Morning Star Venus contains 10 atoms per cubic centimeter of volume, the
Hottest planet Venus lunar exosphere contains ~ 104 to 10° atoms per cubic
centimeter.
Fastest rotation in solar system Jupiter
Nearest planet to sun Mercury • Argon-40 (40 Ar), which is one of the isotopes of the
noble gas Argon, is an important constituent of the lunar
exosphere.
91. Which of the following dwarf planets lies in the main
asteroid belt? • It originates from the radioactive disintegration of
(a) Haumea (b) Ceres Potassium-40 (40 K), which has a half-life of ~1.2 X 10°
(c) Makemake (d) Eris years
• Sol (b); Dwarfs their Diameters - Ceres (950km), Pluto 95. In the sequence of planets in the solar system, which planet
(2,400Km), Eris (2,300km), Makemake & Haumea comes in between Mars and Saturn?
(1,400km) (a) Venus (b) Mercury
• Dwarf planet Ceres is the largest object in the asteroid (c) Uranus (d) Jupiter
belt between Mars and Jupiter, and it's the only dwarf • Sol (d); Jupiter
planet located in the inner solar system. It was the first Names Details
member of the asteroid belt to be discovered when Jupiter Great Red Spot-on Jupiter is a massive
Giuseppe Piazzi spotted it in 1801. hurricane present there for centuries Io,
• Dwarf planet Makemake is a member of a group of Europa, Ganymede (biggest) and Calisto are
objects that orbit in a disc-like zone beyond the orbit of the prominent moons of Jupiter
Neptune called the Kuiper Belt. Mercury The planet nearest to the sun
92. How many brightest stars is the constellation called the No atmosphere and no satellites
Great Bear made up of? Uranus Was discovered in 1781 by William Hershel
(a) Five (c) Seven Rotates from north to south Has nine faint
(b) Three (d) Nine rings around it
• Sol (b); The seven brightest stars in the constellation are Saturn It has the lowest density in our Solar System
called Great Bear. Has a beautiful ring system around it
Titan is one of the prominent moons of
• Ursa Major (also known as the Great Bear) is Saturn
a constellation in the northern sky Saturn is known as Moon King of the
93. Lucifer is another name for the planet ________. atmosphere with 82 discovered moons
(a) Jupiter (b) Saturn (earlier it was Jupiter)
(c) Venus (d) Mars 96. In the sequence of planets in the Solar system, which
• Sol (c); Venus planet comes in between Mercury and Earth?
Names Details (a) Uranus (b) Venus
Saturn The Second largest planet in the solar (c) Jupiter (d) Mars
system • Sol (b); The sequence of the planets going away from the
Venus Lucifer means light bringer in Latin sun is ----> Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
It is the hottest planed in the solar system Uranus, Neptune.
Earth’s Twin Brightest Planet in the solar • Venus is also known as the evening star because it is
system Evening Star and Morning Star as it visible when the sun is about to set.
can be seen in the morning and evening
• The orbit period of Venus is 225 days, and its
with open eyes
atmospheric pressure is 92 times greater than the Earth's.
Mars It is known as the Red Planet, due to iron-
rich red soil Methane has been detected in • The Earth and Venus have a 638 km difference in
the Martian atmosphere diameter and Venus have 81.5% of the Earth’s mass.
Jupiter It is the largest planet in the solar system • It is also the hottest planet in our solar system.
It has the fastest rotational velocity • Venus does not tilt on its axis. Hence, there is no seasonal
94. Planetary scientists call the thin gaseous envelope around variation.
the Moon as the _______. • Please note that Venus has no moons.

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97. The term 'Blood Moon' is used to refer to ----------. • Crux, also known as the Southern Cross, is the smallest
(a) Solar Eclipse (b) Crescent Moon constellation.
(c) Lunar Eclipse (d) Full Moon • Canis Major constellation contains the brightest star
• Sol (c); The term 'Blood Moon' is used to refer to Lunar Sirius.
Eclipse since the moon takes on a reddish tinge when it is
• Constellation is a group of stars that form a particular
fully eclipsed.
pattern and are generally named according to the shape it
• A lunar eclipse occurs when the moon travels through has. There are officially 88 constellations recognized so
the umbra of the earth and blocks all direct sunlight. far.
• A solar eclipse occurs when the new moon comes 102. is the hottest planet in the solar system.
between the earth and the sun, thus blocking the sun (a) Mercury (b) Mars
rays. (c) Venus (d) Earth
98. Which one of the following is the brightest star in the • Sol (c); There are eight planets in our solar system.
Orion Constellation? • Each planet revolves around the sun at different
(a) Betelgeuse (b) Alnilam distances.
(c) Rigel (d) Eta Orionis
• Venus is second planet from the sun.
• Sol (c); Rigel is the brightest star in the Orion
Constellation. • It is the hottest planet in the Solar System.
• The star is a blue star in the super giant category. • its temperature is 462o C.
• The star has a mass 18 time that of our own sun. • It has a very thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide.
• It is the seventh brightest star in the night sky. • Due to this atmosphere, heat does not escape back into
the atmosphere.
• Surface temperatures on Rigel can reach up to 11000 K.
• It makes Venus hottest planet.
• Eta Orionis is a multiple star in the constellation Orion.
103. ______ is no longer considered as a planet within Earth's
• Betelgeuse the second brightest in the constellation of Solar system.
Orion.
(a) Pluto (b) Uranus
• Alnilam is a large blue supergiant star some 2,000 light- (c) Mars (d) Neptune
years distant in the constellation of Orion • Sol (a); Pluto is not considered as a planet within Earth’s
99. Which of the following stars is nearest to the sun? Solar system.
(a) Proxima Centauri (b) Deneb • The International Astronomical Union (IAU)
(c) Sirius (d) Betelgeuse downgraded the status of Pluto to that of a dwarf planet
• Sol (a); Proxima Centauri is nearest to the sun. because it did not meet the three criteria the IAU uses to
• It is 4.22 light years away from the Earth. define a full-sized planet.
• The other 2 main stars are Alpha Centauri A and Alpha 104. Which planet is made up of thick white and yellowish
Centauri B, which are 4.3 light years away from the earth. clouds of sulfuric acid?
(a) Uranus (b) Mars
Betelgeuse 9th brightest star in the night sky (c) Venus (d) Neptune
• Sol (c); The planet is nearest to the Earth and is also the
Sirius brightest star in the night sky brightest planet.
Deneb 1st magnitude star in Cygnus constellation • Venus is also known as the “Evening Star”, “Morning
Star” and “Veiled Planet”.
100. What is the other name for 'Orion' Constellation? • Venus is the hottest planet (even hotter than Mercury).
(a) Piper (b) Fighter
105. The moon is an example of a ______ object.
(c) Predator (d) Hunter
(a) luminous (b) non-luminous
• Sol (d); Orion constellation is one of the brightest and
(c) transparent (d) translucent
best-known constellations in the night sky. It lies on the
• Sol (b); Objects which do not emit light on their own are
celestial equator.
known as non-luminous objects.
• Orion has been known since ancient times. The
• Moon does not emit its own light are therefore a non-
constellation is also known as the Hunter, as it is
luminous object.
associated with one in Greek mythology.
106. What is the radius of the moon?
• It represents the mythical hunter Orion, who is often
(a) 1.79 x 106 m (b) 1.74 x 106 m
depicted in star maps as either facing the charge of
Taurus, the bull. (c) 1.74 x 105 m (d) 1.78 x 106 m
• Sol (b); The radius of the moon is 1.74 * 10 6 m.
101. Which one of the following is the largest recognized
constellation? • It is one-quarter of the Earth that is 6.37 * 106 m.
(a) Hydra (b) Dorado 107. In the solar system, among the planets listed below, which
(c) Antlia (d) Crux planet is farthest from the Sun?
• Sol (a); It measures 1303 square degrees, and it is also the (a) Mars (b) Jupiter
longest at over 100 degrees. (c) Neptune (d) Venus
• Centaurus is the brightest constellation.

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• Sol (c); The planet which is farthest from the Sun is (a) the stage when the outer layers expand, cool down and
Neptune become less bright (b) the last stage of its life
108. In India the Ursa Major Constellation is also known as: (c) a cloud of dust and hydrogen
(a) Devarshi (b) Maharshi (d) the outer shell of a star
(c) Saptarshi (d) Swadeshi • Sol (c); The nebula is made up of hydrogen and gases that
• Sol (c); In Hinduism, Ursa Major/Big dipper/ Great Bear slowly start to collapse under the force of their own
is known as Saptarshi, each of the stars representing one gravity.
of the Saptarishis or Seven Sages (Rishis) viz. Bhrigu, • The nebula collapses due to gravity, its size gets smaller
Atri, Angiras, Vasishtha, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Kratu. and smaller.
109. The approximate period between two consecutive new 115. Which of the following planets is NOT a Jovian planet?
moons is ______ days. (a) Mars (b) Jupiter
(a) 15.5 (b) 28.5 (c) Uranus (d) Saturn
(c) 29.5 (d) 14.5 • Sol (a); Mars is not a Jovian planet.
• Sol (c); The approximate period between two consecutive • The Jovian planets are the planet which basically consists
new moons in 29.5 days. of gases, there is no solid surface.
• The full moon is the Lunar phase when the Moon • They basically consist of hydrogen, helium gases or giant
appears fully illuminated from Earth. planet because of their size.
110. How many natural satellites does the planet Venus have? • The Jovian planets are Jupiter, Uranus, Saturn, and
(a) 1 (b) 2 Neptune.
(c) 0 (d) 3
• These planets are much larger than the terrestrial planets.
• Sol (c); Venus and Mercury are the only two planets that
don’t have a single natural moon orbiting them. 116. The solar eclipse occurs when:
(a) the moon moves too far away from the sun
• Venus is second planet from the Sun and is the hottest
planet in solar system. (b) the sun comes between the moon and the earth
(c) the moon comes between the earth and the sun
• Venus and Uranus are the only planet in our solar system
(d) an asteroid comes between the sun and the moon
that rotate clockwise. All others rotate anticlockwise.
• Sol (c); A ‘solar eclipse’ occurs between sun rays and new
111. Which of the following statements about Ganymede is moon when the moon passes directly in front of the sun
NOT correct? so that its shadow lies on the earth.
(a) It is the only moon known to have its own internally
• The moon lies between the sun and the earth.
generated magnetic field.
(b) It is the largest natural satellite in our solar system. • The ‘lunar eclipse’ takes place when the earth comes in
between the sun and the moon. A lunar eclipse takes
(c) It is bigger than Mercury (d) It revolves around
place on a full moon.
Saturn
• Sol (d); Ganymede is the largest moon amongst 53 known 117. Who was the first to accurately describe the rings of Saturn
moons of Jupiter. as a disc around the planet in 1655?
(a) Christiaan Huygens (b) Hideki Yukawa
• It is 8% larger than the planet Mercury.
(c) Giovanni Cassini (d) Galileo Galilei
• It is the largest natural satellite.
• Sol (a); Christiaan Huygens
112. During what time can Bailey's beads be seen?
• Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens in 1655 was the
(a) lunar eclipse (b) Jupiter occultation first to accurately describe Saturn's rings as a disk
(c) total solar eclipse (d) partial solar eclipse surrounding the planet.
• Sol (c); Baily's beads can be observed during the total
• The rings of Saturn are the most extensive ring system of
solar eclipse.
any planet in the Solar System. They consist of countless
• Baily's beads effect is also known as the Diamond ring small particles, ranging in size from micrometres to
effect. metres, that orbit around Saturn.
• It is the last portion of the sun silhouetted behind the 118. Which of the following is, at times, NOT considered to be a
moon. At this period, it creates the image of the ring with planet?
a diamond shining and IT is observed just before or after (a) Jupiter (b) Mars
the eclipse. (c) Pluto (d) Saturn
• This phenomenon was observed by Francis Baily in the • Sol (c); Pluto
year 1836.
• In our solar system, 8 planets and many other celestial
113. Europa is a natural satellite of: bodies revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits.
(a) Saturn (b) Uranus • The dwarf planet named Pluto was removed from the list
(c) Jupiter (d) Mars of the planets by the International Astronomical Union in
• Sol (c); The largest natural satellite is Ganymede. 2006.
• It is the sixth-largest moon in the solar system. • Sun is the powerhouse of the solar system. It is the only
• It was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei. source of energy in the solar system.
114. In the life cycle of a star, the stage nebula refers to: • Planet Mercury is nearest to the sun while Neptune is the
farthest planet from the sun.

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• There is an asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
Planets inside the belt are distinctly different from those
outsides in terms of size, mass, and composition etc.
• Planets inside the belt are called Terrestrial planets and
they are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Planets
outside the belt are called Jovian planets and they are
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
119. Nita is telling her friend about the smallest planet of our
solar system. Which of the following planets is she talking
about?
(a) Mars (b) Earth
(c) Venus (d) Mercury
• Sol (d); Mercury
• Closest planet to the Sun and very hot planet.
• Smallest planet in the solar system with a diameter of
4900 Km.
• Fastest Planet with speed of 172500 Km per hour to
complete revolution around Sun in 88 days.
• The planet with no water and gases like Nitrogen,
Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
120. Which of the following is the largest moon of Saturn?
(a) Europa (b) Carme
(c) Atlas (d) Titan
• Sol (d); Titan
20
• SATURN is the Second largest planet in the solar
system and a gas giant.
• Has bright and concentric rings around it which are
made up of tiny rocks and pieces of Ice.
• Saturn can float on water because it has less density than
water.
• Has at least 82 moons and Titan is the largest among
them
121. The moon moves around the earth in about ______.
(a) 24 days (b) 30 days
(c) 27 days (d) 29 days
• Sol (c); The only Planet to give support to life with a
pleasant atmosphere.
• Also known as “Blue Planet” because of the presence of
water on it.
• It has one natural satellite named “Moon”.
• The moon revolves around the sun in days.
122. Which of the following is a planet outside our solar system
that usually orbits another star in our galaxy?
(a) Mesoplanet (b) Exoplanet
(c) Super Earth (d) Haumea
• Sol (b); An exoplanet is any planet beyond our solar
system. Most orbit other stars, but free-floating
exoplanets, called rogue planets, orbit the galactic center
and are untethered to any star.
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