unit

01
jd.SIajr
Part 03

foaYmd,k úoHdfõ iajNdjh

foaYmd,k úoHdfõ wOHhk ud¾. ^úêl%u $ m%fõY&

sureka wageeshwara
 foa Ymd,kh úoHdfõ wOHhk ud¾. ^úêl%u $ m%fõY&

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foa Ymd,k úoHdfõ wOHhk ud¾. ^úêl%u $ m%fõY &

m%fõYh

· foaYmd,k úoHdj hkq l=ulaoehs meyeos,s lrkak'

—foaYmd,k jYfhka ixúOdkh jQ iudchla ;=< ñksiqkaf.a fmdÿ hym;
f.dvke.Sug yd j¾Okh lsÍu Wfoid l=ula flfia l< hq;= o hkak úoHd;aulj
wOHhkh lrkakd jQ úIh˜

· foaYmd,k úoHdj iudchSh úoHdjla nj meyeos,s lrkak'

· foaYmd,k úoHdfõ ks¾ud;Djrhd ms<sn| olajkak'
· foaYmd,k úoHdj wdrïN jQ hq.h ms<sn| olajkak'

foaYmd,k úoHdj ìysjkafka l=ula wOHdkh lsÍu i|ydo@

foaYmd,k úoHdj Ydia;%Sh úIhla f,i .%Sish ;=< l%s'mq 3 oS W;amdo fjhs' foaYmd,k
úoHdj W;amdo jkafka"

iudch ;=< mj;sk —foaYmd,k wxYh˜ ^foaYmd,k me;slv& úoHd;aulj yd

úoHd;aulj yd Ydia;%Sh mokulska wOHhkh lsÍu i|yd fõ' iudch ;=< mj;sk úúO
me;slv wOHhkh lsÍu i|yd úúO idudcSh úoHdjka ks¾udKh ù ;sfí'

ñksidf.a foaYmd,k yeisÍï ^p¾hdjka& yd wka;¾ l%shdldrlï Ydia;%Sh mokulska

wOHhkh lsÍu i|ydh' udkj udkj p¾hdjka j, fmdÿ ,CIK jkafka tajd
w;sYhskau wúkaYÑ; " wia:djr talSh ndjhlska f;dr iajNdjhla oeÍuhs'

iajNdjfhkau foaYmd,k cSúfhl= jk ñksid iïnkaOfhka wOHkh lsÍu i|yd h'

weßiafgdag,a iajlSh foaYmd,k lD;sfhaoS ñksid iycfhkau foaYmd,k cSúfhl= nj
,shhs'

foaYmd,k úoHdj hk jdla ixfla;fha m%Njh

—foaYmd,k úoHdj˜ ye|skaùu i|yd Ndú;d lrkq ,nk bx.%Sis NdIduh jd.a ixfla;h
jkafka "—Political Science ˜ h' fuys" Political " tkï —foaYmd,kh˜ hk jd.a ixfla;fha
m%Njh isÿ jkafka fM;sydisl .%Sl fm!r ye|skaùu i|yd Ndú;d l< —Polis ˜ ^fmd,sia& hk
bx.%Sis jdla ixfla;h úldYkh ùfuks' —Polis ˜ hkafkys ixfla;sl w¾:h " —k.r md,kh˜
fõ' ta wkqj meyeos,s jkafka —k.r md,kh˜ —foaYmd,kh˜ olajd úldYkh jk njhs'

foaYmd,k úoHdj úldYkh jQ wjê ^hq.&

foaYmd,k úoHdfõ wdrïNh yd úldYkh iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduqlsÍfïoS Bg
wod< moku f.dv ke.S we;af;a hqfrdamSh hq. ^wjê& iu`. nj meyeos,s fõ' ta hq.hkag wod<
ld,mßÉfPaohka tu wjêfha cSj;a jQ od¾Ykslhka iy idlÉPd l< f;aud y÷kd.ekSu ;=<ska
foaYmd,k úoHdfõ wdrïNh yd úldYkh o Bg n,mE jdia;úl fya;=idOlhka o y÷kd.;
yelsh'
01 Sureka Wageeshwara
lreKq

idudcSh úoHdjla jk foaYmd,k úoHdj yeoEÍu i|yd Ndú;d l< hq;= úê l%u" wOHhk
ud¾. " m%fõY " l=ula oehs úYaùh i¾jf,dalS uÜgñka ms<s.;a fmdÿ tl`.;djla fkdue;'
foaYmd,k úoHd{hska " Ñka;lhska úúO wOHhk l%u ta i|yd fhdackd lrhs'

n%hsia idñjrhd - idudcSh úoHdjla jk foaYmd,k úoHdj yeoEÍu i|yd ksÍCIK

úê l%uh yd mÍCIK úê l%uh jvd;a fhda.H fõ'

í,kagIa,s - idudcSh úoHdj;a jk foaYmd,k úoHdj yeoEÍu i|yd fM;sydisl

úêl%uh iy od¾Yksl wOHhk l%uh jvd fhda.H fõ'

• wOHhk l%u ^ úê l%u " m%fõY & m%Odk fldgia follg LKavkh l< yelsh'

01' idïm%odhsl wOHhk l%u

02' kQ;k wOHhk l%u

idïm%odhsl wOHhk l%u kQ;k wOHhk l%u

² ksÍCIK úê l%uh ² p¾hdjdoS úê l%uh

² mÍCIK úê l%uh ² moaO;s úYaf,aIK úê l%uh

² fM;sydisl úê l%uh ² iudc úoHd úê l%uh

² od¾Yksl úê l%uh ² ixLHd úoHd úê l%uh

² ;=,kd;aul úê l%uh

fM;sydisl úê l%uh
Historical Studing Method

úêl%u ye|skaùu

iudchSh úoHdjla jk foaYmd,k úoHdj yeoEÍu i|yd foaYmd,k úoHdj werôfha isg Ndú;
jQ idïm%odhsl úê l%uhla f,i fÓydisl úêl%uh y÷kd.; yelsh' b;sydi yd foaYmd,kh
w;r we;s wka;¾ iïnkaOh fï úêl%uh u.ska meyeos,s fõ'

fM;sydisl úêl%uh hkq "

wdKavql%u " foaYmd,k wdh;k yd kS;sj, fM;sydisl úldYkh mokï fldg .ksñka
j¾;udk ;;a;ajhka wOHkh lrñka wkd.; m%jk;d u;=lr olajñka ks.uk j,g
t<fUkakd jQ úê l%uh fM;sydisl úê l%uhhs'

02 Sureka Wageeshwara
 i¾ f*âßla fmdf,dla " fM;sydisl úê l%uh ks¾jpkh lrkq ,nkafka fufia h'

—fM;sydisl úê l%uh u.ska isÿ lrkqfha j¾;udkfha mj;sk foaYmd,k wdh;k ta

wdldrfhkau f.k tajd yeoEÍug jvd tu wdh;k w;S;fha mej;=fka l=uk
wdldrhgo@ j¾;udkh olajd úldYkh n,mE ;;ajhka fudkjdo@ hkak fidhd
n,ñka wkd.; m%jk;dj l=ula úh yelso@ hkak fmkajd oSuhs'˜

úêl%ufha ,CIK

fM;sydisl úêl%uh ;=< y÷kd.; yels ,CIK lsysmhls'

^i& wdKavql%u foaYmd,k wdh;k kS;sj, m%Njh yd úldYkh iïnkaOfhka

wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'

^ii& b;sydih keu;s iudcSh úoHd úIh iu`. b;d ióm iïnkaO;djla mej;Su'

od¾Ykslhka

fM;sydisl úê l%uh y÷kajd ÿka od¾Ykslhka f,i pd,aia fudkafgialHq " i¾ fcdaka
iS,s " *%Suka " ,eials " .%s,a l%siaÜ wdoSyq kï l< yelsh'

kso¾Yk

fM;sydisl úêl%uh Ndú; lsÍug wod<j foaYmd,k úoHdj ;=< bosßm;a l< yels
kso¾Yk"

kso¾Yk ( iudc úldYk u;h ;=< rdcH ks¾udKh jQ wdldrh"

mjq, f.da;%h f.da;% tl;=j rdcHh

kso¾Yk( fM;sydisl fN!;sljdoS ú.%yh

^m%d.afldñhqksiaÜ iudch " jy,a iudch " ro< iudch " ro< jevjiï
iudch " OkjdoS iudch " iudcjdoS iudch " fldñhqksiaÜ iudch&

kso¾Yk( rdcH wdrïNh yd úldYkh

^ fm!r rdcH - frdau wêrdcH - jevjiï rdcH - cd;sl rdcH &

fM;sydisl úêl%ufha jdis wjdis

fM;sydisl úêl%uhg wod<j y÷kd.; yels jdis - wjdis iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'

jdis ^jeo.;alï&

² foaYmd,k wdh;k " wdKavql%u yd kS;s j, m%Njh y÷kd .ekSug yelsùu'

² foaYmd,k wdh;k " wdKavq l%u yd kS;s j, úldYkh y÷kd.; yels ùu'

² foaYmd,k wdh;k " wdKavql%u yd kS;sj, wkd.; m%jk;dj y÷kd.; yels ùu'
03 Sureka Wageeshwara
 wjdis ^ÿ¾j,;d&

² wyUq isÿùï j,g m%udK blaujd .sh jeo.;a lula ,ndoSu'

² mÍCIK lrkakdf.a fm!oa.,sl woyia u;jdo mÍCIKh i|yd tl;=ùu'

² j¾;udk ;;a;ajhka yd w;S; m%jk;djhka f;areï .ekSug Wmldr jk ksjeros yd

m%udKj;a f;dr;=re fM;sydisl úêl%uh ;=< y÷kd.; fkdyelsùu'

² j¾;udk foaYmd,k ;;ajhg úi÷ï fiúh hq;af;a w;S; ;;a;ajhka u; fkdj

j¾;udk iudc wd¾Ól foaYmd,k ;;a;ajhka u;ùu'

;=,kd;aul úêl%uh
Comparative studying Method

úêl%u ye|skaùu

iudcSh úoHdjla jk foaYmd,k úoHdj yeoEÍu i|yd Ndú; lrkq ,nk idïm%odhsl
úêl%uhla f,i ;=,kd;aul úêl%uh ye|skaúh yelsh' ixikaokd;aul úê l%uh f,io fuh
y÷kajhs'

;=,kd;aul úêl%uh hkq"

tlsfklg fjkia wdKavql%u " foaYmd,k wdh;k " kS;s ixikaokd;aulj

^;=,kd;aulj& wOHhk lsÍu u.ska ks.uk j,g t<fUkakd jQ úê l%uhls'

úêl%ufha ,CIK

;=,kd;aul úêl%uh ;=< y÷kd.; yels ,CIK lsysmhls'

^i& foaYmd,k wdh;k wdKavql%u kS;s ixikaokd;aulj wOHhkh lsÍu'

^ii& ;=,kd;aul úêl%uh m%fNao lsysmhlska hqla;ùu'

A idudkH ;=,kd;aul wdOHhkh

úfYaI wruqKla u; mokï fkdù idudkH lreKq oek.ekSu i|yd lrkq ,nk
wOHhkhls' fuh yqÿ úia;rd;aul fohla muKs' tlsfklg fjkia ;;a;ajhka folla
.ek tajdfha iudk wiudk;d ms<sn| wOHhkhla lsÍu fuysoS isÿfõ'

kso¾Yk ( ,xldfõ úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh weußldkq ckdêm;s l%uh iu`.

idudkH uÜgulska ikaikaokh lsÍu'

04 Sureka Wageeshwara
 B úfYaI ;=,kd;aul wdOHhkh

úfYaIs; wruqKla u; mokï ù lreKq ,nk wOHhkhls' fuysoS ish¨ ;;ajhka

;=,kd;aulj ikaikaokh lrkq ,nhs' tlsfklg fjkia wdKavql%u fyda foaYmd,k
wdh;k fyda kS;s ms<sn|j ikaikaokd;aulj wOHhkh lsÍu fuysoS isÿfõ' tfia lrkq
,nkafka úfYaIs; wruqK uqÿka muqKqjd .ekSu i|yd lrkq ,nk wOHhkhla
ksidfjks'

kso¾Yk ( f,dal rE /csk f;aÍu i|yd mj;ajkq ,nk ;r`.hla

C úoHd;aul ;=,kd;aul wdOHhkh

úoHd;aul uQ,O¾u u; mokï ù isÿlrkq ,nk wOHhkhla ñka w¾:j;a fõ' fuysoS
wOHhkhg b,lal jk jia;+kays m%Njh " úldYkh " j¾;udk ;;a;ajhka " Bg n,mE
fya;= " wkd.; m%jk;djka hkdoS ish,a, wdxYslj wOHkh fldg ks.uk j,g
t<fUhs'

od¾Ykslhka

;=,kd;aul úêl%ufha ks¾ud;Djrhd .%Sl uyd od¾Yksl weßiafgdag,a h' n%hsia

idudjrhd " pd,aia fudkafgialHq " ã fgdla ú,a jeks od¾Ykslhka miq ld,Skj iajlSh
wOHhkhka i|yd Ndú;d lf<ah'

kso¾Yk

weßiafgdag,a úiska —foaYmd,kh˜ —Politics ˜ hk lD;sh rpkd lrkq ,nkafka

iuld,Sk .%Sl fm!r rdcHh 158 la ;=,kd;aulj wOHkh lsÍfuks'

n%hsia idñjrhd úiska —kQ;k m%cd;ka;%jdoh˜ ^New Dimocracy & lD;sh rpkd
lrkq ,nkafka tx.,ka;h " m%xYh " b;d,sh yd c¾uksh jeks rdcHhka ys
ixl%uKhlrñka tu rdcHj, mej;s wdKavql%u ;=,kd;aulj wOHhkh lsÍfuks'

pd,aia fudkafgialHQ úiska —kS;sfha idrh˜ ^ The Sprit of law & lD;sh rpkd lrkq
,nkafka m%xYfha mej;s XIV jeks ¨ù rcqf.a taldêm;s md,kh;a tx.,ka;fha mej;s
n,;, fnod fjkalr we;s ,snr,a m%cd;ka;%jdoS md,kh;a ;=,kd;aulj wOHhkh
lsÍfuks'

fM;sydisl úêl%ufha jdis wjdis

;=,kd;aul úêl%uhg wod<j y÷kd.; yels jdis - wjdis iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'

jdis ^jeo.;alï&

² ;=,kd;aul wOHkh l%uh u.ska jvd fyd| wdKavql%uh" foaYmd,k wdh;k " kS;s
fudkjdoehs y÷kd.ekSug yels ùu'

² wdKavql%u " foaYmd,k wdh;k yd kS;s j, jdis yd wjdis y÷kd.; yelsùu'

05 Sureka Wageeshwara
 ² jvd fyd| wdKavql%u " foaYmd,k wdh;k " kS;s ks¾udKh lr .ekSug " wod< ;;ajhka
.fõIkhg yelsùu'

² ;=,kd;aul úê l%uh úoHd;aul mokula iys; úêl%uhla ùu'

wjdis ^ÿ¾j,;d&

² foaYmd,k wdh;k" wdKavql%u yd kS;s i|yd n,mdk mßird;aul ;;ajhka

fkdi,ld yeÍu fyda tu ;;ajhka iïnkaOfhka wvq nr ;eîu'

² ;=,kd;aul úêl%uh u.ska foaYmd,k wdh;k " wdKavql%u kS;Ska yd ffk;sl m o k u

muKla wOHkhg ,la lsÍu' m%dfhda.sl ;;ajhka iïnkaO wjOdkh fhduq' fkdlsÍu'

od¾Yksl wOHhk l%uh

Philoscphical studying Method

úêl%u ye|skaùu

iudcShh úoHdjla jk foaYmd,k úoHdj yeoEÍu i|yd Ndú;d lrkq ,nk idïm%odhsl
úêl%uhla f,i od¾Yksl úêl%uh y÷kd.; yelsh'

od¾Yksl úêl%uh hkq

od¾Ykslhkaf.a mrudo¾Y u; mokï ù ks.uk j,g t<fUkakd jQ úêl%uh hs'

fuu wOHhk l%uh iufmaIK mokï lr.;a ks.dñ wOHhk l%uhla f,i y÷kajdosh
yelsh'

uydpd¾h .%S,a l%siaÜ od¾Yksl úê l%uh ks¾jpkh lrkq ,nkafka fufia h'

—od¾Yksl wOHhk l%uh u.ska lrkqfha mrudo¾YS rdcHhl iajNdjh " wruqKq
ld¾hhka iy wkd.;h ms<sn| f.dvk.k od¾YKsl ixl,am m%dfhda.sl f,dalfha
lreKq iu`. .,mñka rdcH yd wdKavql%uh ms<sn| kHdhka f.dvke.Suh'˜

úêl%ufha ,CIK

od¾Yksl úêl%uh ;=< y÷kd.; yels ,CIK lsysmhls'

^i& wNsHqhqm .uk " is;d .ekSï " iufmaIkh u; mokï ùu'

^ii& fya;= idOl u; ks.uk j,g t<öu fkdj m%:ufhka ks.uk hkag t<ö miqj
th ikd: lsÍug fya;= idOl fiùu'

^iii& mj;sk ;;ajh fkdj mej;sh hq;= hehs is;ska ujd.;a ^uk#l,ams;&
;;ajhka iïnkaO wOHhk lsÍu'

06 Sureka Wageeshwara
od¾Ykslhka

od¾Yksl úêl%uh Ndú;d l< od¾Ykslhka iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq

lsÍfïoS maf,afgda " rEfida " f;dauia fuda¾ " ld,a udlaia " LdkaÜ wdoSyq oelaúh yelsh'

kso¾Yk

maf,afgdaf.a mrudo¾YS rdcHh yd od¾Yksl md,lhd

rEfidaf.a fmdÿ leue;a;

f;dauia fuda¾f.a Wfgdamshdkq fldñhqksiaÜ l%uh

ld,a udialaf.a fM;s y dis l fN!;s l jdoS ú.% y h iy úoHd;a u l

fldñhqksiaÜ iudch
od¾Yksl úêl%ufha jdis wjdis

od¾Yksl úêl%uhg wod<j y÷kd.; yels jdis - wjdis iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'

jdis ^jeo.;alï&

² od¾Yksl ixl,am yryd foaYmd,k úoHdfõ úIh fCIa;%h j¾Okh ùu'

² úIhd¾: wruqKq mokï fldgf.k wOHhkh lsÍug yelsùu'

² m<uqj ks.ukhg t<fUk ksid th ikd: lsÍug wjYH lreKq muKla rdYs.;
lrKhg we;s yelshdj'

² kshñ; mokul isg hï hï w.h lsÍï lsÍug yelsùu'

wjdis ^ÿ¾j,;d&

² is;d .ekSï ^ uk # l,ams;& u; wOHhk lghq;= isÿ lsÍu'

² t<fUk wjidk ks.uk m%dfhda.sl f,dalh ;=< fuf;la ks¾udKh fkdùu'

p¾hdjdoS wOHhk l%uh

Beharioural studying Method

úêl%u ye|skaùu

p¾hdjdoS wOHhk l%uh kQ;k úêl%uh ls' fjk;a wdldrhlska olajkafka kï

idïm%odhsl wOHhk ud¾. j,g tfrysj ks¾udKh jQ úfrdaO;d jHdmdrhla f,i oelaúh
yelsh'

07 Sureka Wageeshwara
p¾hdjdoS úêl%uh hkq "

mqoa.,hkaf.a yd mqoa., lKavdhï j, yeisÍï ^p¾hdjka& wOHhkh lsÍu u.ska ks.uk

j,gt<fUkakd jQ úê l%uhfõ'

úêl%ufha ,CIK

p¾hdjdoS úêl%uh ;=< y÷kd.; yels ,CIK lsysmhls'

^i& mqoa., yeisÍï mokï fldg.;a wOHhk l%uhla ùu'

^ii& mqoa., yeisÍï i|yd n,mdk ufkda úoHd;aul lreKq wOHhkhg W;aidy
.ekSu'

^iii& ksrjoH;djh iy;sl lr.;a lreKq muKla wOHhkh i|yd fhdod.ekSu'

^iv& m%;HCI uQ,sl idOl u; mokïùu'

^v& kj Ys,amSh l%u Ndú;h'

^vi& Y=oaO úoHd;aul iajNdjh

^vii& nyq úIhd;aul noaO;djh ^Wod - ;¾l Ydia;%h " .Ks; úoHdj " ixLHdkh&

^viii& wNsHqm.uk " iufmaIk is;d .ekSï yd w.h lsÍï j,ska f;dr wOHk l%uhla
ùu'

od¾Ykslhka

p¾hdjdoS úêl%uh ks¾udKhg wod, od¾Yksl moku ú.%y lsÍu 20 jeks ishjfia
weußldkq foaYmd,k úoHd{hska lKavdhula fuys ks¾ud;Djreka f,i y÷kd.;
yelsh'

1908 oS —.%eyeï fjd,ia˜ úiska rÑ; —foaYmd,kh ;=< ukqIH iajNdjh˜ ^ Human
Nature in Politics & lD;sh yryd p¾hdjdoS úêl%ufha W;amdoh igyka fjhs' fuu
lD;sh u.ska mqoa.,hkaf.a foaYmd,k yeisÍï ^p¾hd& i|yd n,mdk udkisl idOl
wOHhkh lrk ,oS'

1928 oS —flkaܘ úiska rÑ; —foaYmd,k yeisÍï˜ ^Political Behavior & lD;sh o
p¾hd jdoh j¾Okhg fnfyúka fya;= ùh'

;j ÿrg;a " fâúâ Biagka " .íßh,a ta' wdukaâ " fâúâ gDDuka " î.ï mfj,a " y¾nÜ
ihsuka wdoSyq p¾hdjdoS úêl%uh fmdaIKh l< od¾Ykslhka h'

08 Sureka Wageeshwara
” p¾hdjdoS wOHhk l%uh yryd foaYmd,k úoHdjg tla jQ kjdx.
idïm%odhsl úêl%u ;=< wdKavql%u " foaYmd,k wdh;k " kS;s hk iSudj ;=< flakaø.;j
;snQ foaYmd,k úoHd úIhg j¾hdjdoSka yryd kjdx. rdYshla tla úh tajd kï "

foaYmd,k iudcdkqfhdackh - Political Socialization

foaYmd,k m%pkav;ajh - Political Violence
foaYmd,k m%N+ka - Political elite
foaYmd,k ixj¾Okh - Political Development
foaYmd,k kùlrKh - Political Modernization
foaYmd,k ixialD;sh - Political Culture

od¾Yksl úêl%ufha jdis wjdis

p¾hdjdoS úêl%uhg wod<j y÷kd.; yels jdis - wjdis iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'

jdis ^jeo.;alï&

² weußldkq ñksid iy weußldkq iudch iy weußldkq foaYmd,k l%uh u;ska

ks¾udKh jQ p¾hdjdoS úê l%uh úYaùh i¾jf,dalS mokñkaa fmdÿfõ Ndú; lsÍug
fkdyelsùu'

² ñksia p¾hdjka iïnkaOfhka mßmQ¾K ú.%yhka bosßm;a fkdlsÍu iy wjia:dkq

wjia:dkq rEmSj udkj p¾hdjkag úúO w¾:l:k ,ndoSu muKla isÿlsÍu'

² weußldkq jHdma; jdohg W;aidy oeÍu'

² wkjYH f,i Y=oaO úoHdjka iu`. iïnkaOùu ksid foaYmd,k úoHdfõ iajdëk;ajhg
ydks ùu'

wjdis ^ÿ¾j,;d&

² idïm%odhsl wOHhk ud¾. j,ska Tíng .uka lsÍu'

² p¾hdjdoS úêl%uh ksid foaYmd,k úoHd úIhg kjdx. tl;=ùu yd úIh j¾Okh ùu'

iudc úoHd wOHhk l%uh

Social Scientific Studying Method

úêl%u ye|skaùu

iudc úoHd úê l%uh kQ;k úêl%uhls' iudcSh idOl foaYmd,khg iDcq n,mEula
lrhs' fuu iudc úoHd;aul wOHhk l%uh u.ska rdcHh idudcSh jia;=jla f,i w¾:l:kh
lrk w;r mqoa.,hd rdcHh keu;s idudcSh jia;=fõ wjhj f,i ú.%y lrhs'

09 Sureka Wageeshwara
iudcúoHd úêl%uh hkq

foaYmd,khg n,mdk iudc idOl f;areï .ekSu u.ska ks.uk j,g t<fUkakd
jQ úê l%uhhs'

” foaYmd,khg iDcqj n,mdk idudcSh idOl "

^j¾.h " l=,h " j¾Kh " wd.u " isß;aúß;a " wOHdmkh " wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh " idrO¾u "
ia;%S mqreI Ndjh&

iudcuh idOl yd foaYmd,kh w;r we;s wka;¾ fmdaIKhla mj;S' ienE m%dfhda.sl
foaYmd,kh wjfndaO lr.ekSu i|yd tu idOl y÷kd.ekSu jeo.;a fõ' fuu idudcuh
idOl iïnkaOfhka wOHhkh lsÍug iudc úoHdj " udjk úoHdj " wdpdr úoHdj jeks
idudcSh úoHdjka Ndú;d l< yelsh'

od¾Ykslhka

iudc úoHd wOHk l%uh Ndú;d l< od¾Ykslhska f,i fâúâ welag¾ " uela whsj¾ "
fâúâ Biagka " .íßh,a ta' wdukaâ wdoSyq y÷kd.; yelsh'

” iudc úoHd úêl%uh u.ska o;a; tl;= lsÍfïoS Ndú;d lrkq ,nk l%u lsysmhls'
a& iyNd.S;aj mÍCIK l%uh
b& iDcq ksÍCIKh'
c& iïuqL idlÉPd l%uh'
d& m%Yakdj,S l%uh'
e& isoaê wOHhkh'

iudc úoHd úêl%ufha jdis wjdis

iudc úoHd úêl%uhg wod<j y÷kd.; yels jdis - wjdis iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'

jdis ^jeo.;alï&

² foaYmd,kh i|yd n,mdk iudc idOl wOHhkh u.ska jvd;a ksjeros ks.ukhkag
t<ôh yels ùu'

² fuu úêl%uh u.ska ,nd.kakd m%;sM, jvd;a ksjerosùu'

wjdis ^ÿ¾j,;d&

² iudc idOl foaYmd,khg n,mdk wdldrh iudcfhka iudchg fjkiaùu" tu ksid

t<fUk ks.ukhka o fjkia ùu'
10 Sureka Wageeshwara
 ixLHd úoHd úêl%uh
Social Scientific Studying Method

úêl%u ye|skaùu

ixLHd úoHd wOHkhk l%uh kQ;k úêl%uhls'

ixLHd úoHd wOHkh l%uh hkq"

ixLHd;aul o;a; weiqßka ks.uk j,g t<fUkakd jQ úê l%uh hs' fjk;a wdldrhlska
olajkafka kï " ixLHd o;a; " j.= " m%ia;dr " Ndú;fhka foaYmd,k ixisoaëka m%udKh
lsÍu fuysoS isÿ fõ'

úêl%ufha ,CIK

iudc úoHd úêl%uh ;=< y÷kd.; yels ,CIK lsysmhls'

^i& foaYmd,k ixisoaëka .Ks;uh {dkh weiqßka ú.%ylsÍu'

^ii& j.= " m%ia;dr " ;dCIKh " jeks idOl Ndú;h'

^iii& m%udKd;aul w.hka bosßm;a lsÍu'

od¾Ykslhka

ixLHd úoHd úê l%uh Ndú;d l< od¾Ykslhka f,i yer,aâ ,eiafõ,a " .%eyeï fjd,ia"
n%hsia idñjrhd " wekav¾ika wdoSyq kï l< yelsh'

” ixLHd úoHd wOHhk l%uh Ndú;hg .kq ,nk wjia:d"

a& ue;sjrK m%;sM, m%ldYhg m;a lsÍfïoS'
b& uyck u;h uekSfïoS' ^cku; úpdrKhloS&
c& wh - jeh f,aLkh ieliSfïoS'
d& Pkao fldÜGdY fnod fjka lrk úg'

fM;sydisl úêl%ufha jdis wjdis

ixLHd úoHd úêl%uhg wod<j y÷kd.; yels jdis - wjdis iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu'

jdis ^jeo.;alï&

² foaYmd,k ixisoaëka ys m%udKd;aul w.hka ,nd.ekSug yelsùu'

^Wod - uyck u;jdo m%;sM, " .egqï m%;sY;h wdosh&

wjdis ^ÿ¾j,;d&

² ixLHd;aul o;a; weiqßka iuia:h ;SrKh lsÍu'

11 Sureka Wageeshwara
 moaO;s úYaf,aIK úê l%uh
System Analysis Studying Method

úêl%u ye|skaùu

moaO;s úYAf,aIKh úêl%uh kQ;k úê l%uhls' 19 jk ishjfia ueo Nd.fhaoS weußldkq

foaYmd,k úoHd{hska lKavdhula úiska fuh y÷kajd fohs' tla w;lska fuh p¾hdjdoS
wOHhk l%ufha os.=jla ^úldYkhla& f,i o y÷kd.; yelsh'

moaO;s úYaf,aIK l%uh hkq "

foaYmd,k moaO;s yeoEÍu u.ska ks.uk j,g t<fUkakd jQ úêl%uh hs'

foaYmd,k moaO;sh hkq ' ' ' @

wdKavqj " jHjia:dodhlh " úOdhl wêlrKh " foaYmd,k mCI " uyck u;h "
n, mEï lKavdhï " ksfhdack l%u " ler,s " Woaf>daIK " Wmjdi " wka;¾cd;sl
ixúOdk " wka;¾ cd;sl kS;sh " yuqodj " fmd,Sish " nkaOkd.dr " rdcH fiajh wdoS
jQ iuia;fha tl;=j'

úêl%ufha ,CIK

moaO;s úYAf,aIK úêl%uh ;=< y÷kd.; yels ,CIK lsysmhls'

^i& foaYmd,k moaO;shg wod< wjhj mej;Su'

^ii& tu wjhjhkag wod< lD;Hhka mej;Su'

^iii& tu wjhj yd ld¾hhka w;r wka;¾ iïnkaO;djhla mej;Su'

od¾Ykslhka

moaO;s úYaf,aIK úêl%uh ks¾udKh l< iy foaYmd,k úoHdjg y÷kajdÿka

Ñka;hska jkafka fâúâ Biagka " .íßh,a wd¾ukaâ oelaúh yelsh'

” moaO;s úYaf,aIK úê l%uh m%Odk l%u folls'

01' fâúâ Biagkaf.a fhojqï yd ksuejqï l%uh'

02' .íßh,a wd¾ukaâ f.a jHQy lD;H úYAf,aIK l%uh'

12 Sureka Wageeshwara
01' fâúâ Biagkaf.a fhojqï yd ksuejqï l%uh

1953 oS —foaYmd,k moaO;sh˜ lD;sh u.ska fuu úê l%uh foaYmd,k úoHdjg Biagka
úiska tl;= lrhs' foaYmd,k iudchla ;=< foaYmd,k moaO;shla l%shd;aul fjhs' fuu
foaYmd,k moaO;sh u; mokï ù fhojqï yd ksuejqï ;SrKh lrk l%shdj,sh fhojqï yd
ksuejqï l%uh f,i ir,j ye|skaúh yelsh' foaYmd,k moaO;shg iudch úiska fhojqï
bosßm;a lrhs' fuys fhojqï hkqfjka woyia lrkq ,nkafka b,a,Sï yd iyfhda.h oelaùïh'
ksuejqï hkq wdKavqfõ ;SrK yd m%;sm;a;Ska h' fhojqï yd ksuejqï w;r iïnkaO;djh
ks¾udK lrkq ,nkafka m%;sfmdaIK hdka;%Kh u.sks'

daIK hdka;%K
m % ; sf m h

foaYmd,k moaO;shg
fhojqï wod< wjhj "
ksuejqï
jHjia:dodhlh"úOdhl"
wêlrKh " foaYmd,k
iyfhda.h mCI " uyck u;h "
b,a,Sï n, mEï lKavdhï "
oelaùu wdKavqfõ ;SrK
² NdKav ñ, ² nÿ f.ùï ksfhdack l%u " ler,s " wdKavqfõ
Woaf>daIK "Wmjdi " m%;sm;a;s
wvq lsÍu'
² kS;sh yd iduh wka;¾cd;sl ixúOdk " ² iykdOdr ,nd
² nia.dia;= lv lsÍfuka wka;¾ cd;sl kS;sh " oSug ;SrKh lsÍu'
wvq lsÍu' je,lSu' yuqodj " fmd,Sish ' ' ' ² 20] nia .dia;= jeä
lsÍug wdKavqj ;SrKh
lsÍu'

02' .íßh,a wdukaâf.a jHQy lD;H úYAf,aIK l%uh

1960 .Kka j,oS fuu úê l%uh ks¾udKh úh' foaYmd,k jHqyh iy jHQyfha
wjhjhkag mejreKq ld¾hhka tu wjhjhka w;r we;s iïnkao;djh " wOHhkh lsÍu u.ska
ks.uk j,g t<öu jHQylD;H úYaf,aIK l%uh hs'

moaO;s úYaf,aIK úêl%ufha jdis wjdis

moaO;s úYaf,aIK úêl%uhg wod<j y÷kd.; yels jdis - wjdis iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq
lsÍu'

13 Sureka Wageeshwara
 jdis ^jeo.;alï&

² foaYmd,k moaO;sh wOHkh lsÍu fuu l%ufha jdishls'

² foaYmd,k moaO;sh yeoEÍu u.ska fhojqï yd ksuejqï y÷kd .ekSug yelsùu'

² foaYmd,k moaO;sh wOHkh u.ska t<fUk ks.uk j, ksjerosNdjh by< w.hl

mej;Su'

² foaYmd,k moaO;sh yd th l%shd;aul jk iudch w;r we;ss ióm in|;djh wOHkh

lsÍug yelsùu'

wjdis ^ÿ¾j,;d&

² foaYmd,k moaO;sh iudcfhka iudchg fjkiaùu'

² foaYmd,k moaO;sh wOHhkh lsÍu u.ska ,nd.kakd ks.uk fmdÿfõ i¾jf,dalSh

uÜgfuka Ndú; lsÍug fkdyels ùu'

fï wdldrhg foaYmd,k úoHdj wOHkh lsÍu i|yd Ndú; lrk úêl%u y÷kd.;
yelsh' wkd.;h ;=<o kj úêl%uhka foaYmd,k úoHdjg tlaúh yels h' fuf;la Ndú;hg
.;a úêl%u w;=frka úoHd;aul Ndjh by< w.hl we;s úêl%uh jkafka p¾hdjdoS úêl%uh hs'
iudcSh úoHdjla jk foaYmd,k úoHdj wOHkh lsÍu i|yd Ndú;d lrkq ,nkafka iudchSh
úoHdjka wOHkh lsÍu i|yd Ndú;d lrkq ,nk úêl%uh h' tu.ska foaYmd,k úoHdj
iudcSh úoHdjla nj m%;HCI fjhs' tu úêl%u fndfyda ÿrg is;d .ekSfï " wNsHqm.ukh "
Wml,amk u; fyda m%;HCI uQ,sl idOl u; fyda tu foflysu ñY%Kh u.ska iudkHlrKh
lrk ,o ks.ukhkag t<öu ,CIK fldg f.k mj;S'

14 Sureka Wageeshwara