Unit 4

Step 1: Vocabulary Log.

1.- Achieve (Verb). - It is when you get to do or obtain something that is intended,

requested or desired.

Synonyms: Get or Obtain.

2. Acquire (Verb). - It is when you achieve a quality, knowledge, habit or skill, naturally

or after a process.

Synonyms: Appropriate or Reach.

3. Apparently (Adverb). -It is when something has resemblance to someone or

something.

Synonyms: Supposedly or allegedly.

4. Approach (Verb). - Getting closer to something or someone in space, time, quality or

quantity

Synonyms: Approximate or pull up.

5. Behavior (Noun). - It is the way a person behaves in a certain situation or in general.

Synonyms: Conduct or Proceed.

6. Category (Noun). - Class that results from a classification of people or things

according to a criterion or hierarchy.

Synonyms: Class or Condition.

7. Cognition (Noun). - It is the use of conscious mental processes

Synonyms: Knowledge or Comprehension

8. Controversy (Noun). - Repeated discussion between two or more people who

defend contrary opinions.

Synonyms: Discussion or Quarrel

9. Obvious (Adjective). - That is very clear or evident.

Synonyms: Visible or Notorious

10. Perception (Noun). - A belief or opinion, often held by many people and based on

how things appear.

Synonyms: Sensation or Impression

11. Unconscious (Adjective). - It is when you are in the state of not being awake and

not noticing things around you.

Synonyms: Irresponsible or Reckless

12. Unique (Adjective). - It is the result of being one, either in its species or in a certain

category.

Synonyms: Only or Exclusive

13. Confront (Verb). - It is facing, encountering or dealing with a difficult situation or

person.

Synonyms: Face - Collate

14. Discern (Verb). - To see, recognize, or understand something that is not clear.
Synonyms: Distinguish or Differentiate

15. Sensory (Adjective). - It refers to the bodily senses or related to them.

Synonyms: Sensitive or Sensual

16. Trait (Noun). - It is a particular characteristic that can produce a particular type of

behavior.

Synonyms: Quality or Peculiarity

17. Viable (Adjective). - Able to work as intended or able to succeed

Synonyms: Possible or Feasible

Step 2: Create

On a separate piece of paper, write five questions about Clever Hans. Use at least

one word from the Review or Expand sections in each question. Then exchange

papers with a partner and answer the questions. You can write or discuss your

answers

1.- Who was Clevers Hans and why did you think he was so unique?

Clevers Hans, he was a horse and they thought he was unique because they thought he

could count.

2.- What was Clevers Hans really able to do?

Clevers Hans could answer questions only when the person asking the question was in

sight and already knew the answer, he used his instincts and observed the person to

determine his movements.

3.- How could Clevers Hans obtain these skills?

Clevers Hans got these skills by training himself, he didn't need human help to get

those kinds of skills.

4.-Why do psychologists use the story of Clevers Hans?

They often use it to show humans that they believe that animals are intelligent, they

are fooling themselves and that animals can only use their instincts.

5.- Do you think that the case of Clevers Hans is unique and unrepeatable?

From my perspective, I think that the chances of this case happening again are not that

high since it is not a normal case, he was the exception to the rule and that does not

usually happen very often.

Step 3: Wh- Question chart

What is the main idea of the text?

The main idea of the text is how some animals have been able to develop advanced

perceptual abilities, without the help of human beings.

What do you think are the reasons why these animals developed that kind of ability?

I think that the reason that these animals developed this type of ability is because they

are more intelligent than average, something similar happens in human beings, there

are people who can do things that a normal person could not and these people are

usually used to call geniuses.

Who wrote the text and what is their point of view?

The people who wrote the text are Temple Grandin and Catherine Johnson and their

point of view is that for them animals are intelligent and that this makes them develop

new abilities without the help of human beings.

Who proved that Clever Hans couldn't really count?

The person who demonstrated it was the psychologist Oskar Pfungst and explained

that Clever Hans didn't really count but that Hans was observing subtle and

unconscious signals that humans had no idea they were emitting.

Where was the article about a woman named Connie Standley published?

The article was published by the New York Times in Florida, in which it indicates that

the lady has two dogs that can predict her seizures thirty minutes in advance.

Where did Clever Hans get his fame and why?

Clever Hans got fame from him initially in Germany but later became world famous,

this fame was due to the fact that he supposedly could count.

When do you think animals can develop these kinds of abilities?

I think that the animals that come to develop these kinds of abilities with rares, I

consider that these animals have above average intelligence and therefore can

develop some abilities on their own.

When do you think and why do these animals begin to develop new abilities on their

own?

I believe that there is no exact time for these animals to begin to develop these new

abilities on their own, but rather they are influenced by their environment and are

guided by their instincts.

Why can't all animals develop these kinds of abilities?

I think this is because there are animals that are more intelligent than others, just as in

humans there are people who can do things that others cannot, the same happens

with animals.

Why is there a discrepancy between people who think that these animals are

intelligent and those who believe that they only do it by instinct?

I think that this discrepancy is mainly due to the thought that each person has about

animals, some believe that animals can be very intelligent while others believe that

these animals just have a more developed instinct that allows them to learn new skills

on their own.

Why should animals be rewarded for doing what they do?

Because it is the way in which animals understand that what they are doing is right, it

is a way of encouraging them to continue doing it.

How can you determine that an animal has above average intelligence?
I think the only way to determine it is for the animal to start developing new abilities

on its own, that is a clear reason that the animal has above average intelligence.

How can you identify a seizure alert dog?

Seizure alert dogs can be identified because, according to their owners, they can

predict a seizure before it starts.

Step 4: Writing 1 Draft + Writing 1

Draft

Extreme Perception and Animal Intelligence

According to Temple Grandin and Catherine Johnson, in their article Extreme
Perception and Animal Intelligence, animals aren´t necessarily geniuses at doing
something humans can´t do, they just use their natural abilities to do things humans
can´t like sniff, contraband, drugs or explosives. The reading indicates that there are
cases in which animals learn new skills by themselves and put them into practice.
Just as in humans there are cases in which some people can do things that others
cannot, the same happens with animals, some animals are capable of learning new
skills by themselves that a common animal could not learn, although in the reading
they mention, that there are not many cases that have been found where an animal
learns a new skill without human help, although it is true that these cases do not occur
often, but in very rare cases they have occurred, the reading indicates that these
animals, they have an intelligence above average.
Temple Grandin and Catherine Johnson mention that many animals are taught how to
help people when they have a problem such as when you have seizures, a trained dog
knows what to do after convulsions, such as sitting on so that you have no injuries, but
there are some dogs that have developed the ability to predict seizures and that is why
we can say that they are more intelligent than humans? The truth is that no, but these
dogs, are that, dogs, with an instinct’s superior to the average.
In conclusion, just as in humans there are very intelligent people who are above
average, something similar happens in animals, it is not possible to identify for sure if
these animals are very intelligent or is it that his instincts are sharper than those of a
normal animal of his species.
 Writing Number 1

Extreme Perception and Animal Intelligence

According to Temple Grandin and Catherine Johnson, in their article Extreme

Perception and Animal Intelligence, animals aren´t necessarily geniuses at doing
something humans can´t do, they just use their natural abilities to do things humans
can´t like sniff, contraband, drugs or explosives. The reading indicates that there are
cases in which animals learn new skills by themselves and put them into practice.
Just as in humans there are cases in which some people can do things that others
cannot, the same happens with animals, some animals are capable of learning new
skills by themselves that a common animal could not learn, although in the reading
they mention, that there are not many cases that have been found where an animal
learns a new skill without human help, although it is true that these cases do not occur
often, but in very rare cases they have occurred, the reading indicates that these
animals, they have an above average intelligence.
Temple Grandin and Catherine Johnson, mention that many animals are taught how to
help people when they have a problem such as when you have seizures, a trained dog
knows what to do after convulsions, such as sitting on so that you have no injuries, but
there are some dogs that have developed the ability to predict seizures and that is why
we can say that they are more intelligent than humans? The truth is that no, but these
dogs, are that, dogs, with an instinct’s superior to the average.
In conclusion, just as in humans there are very intelligent people who are above
average, something similar happens in animals, it is not possible to identify for sure if
these animals are very intelligent or is it that his instincts are sharper than those of a
normal animal of his species.
 Unit 5

Step 1: Vocabulary Log.

1.- Awesome (Adjective). - That causes a very intense impression of admiration,

surprise or fear.

Synonyms. - Hallucinating or Magnificent.

2.- Emphatic (Adjective). - It is when you say something in a strong way and without

any doubt.

Synonymous. - Insistent or Petulant.

3.- Impetuous (Adjective). - That acts thoughtlessly and hastily.

Synonyms. - Vehement or Violent.

4.- Loveless (Adjective). - Lack of love, affection or affection for a person or a thing.

Synonyms. - Enmity or Abhorrence.

5.- Radically (Adverb). - It is when a great change occurs, usually it is related to the

belief that there must be a great or extreme social or political change.

Synonyms. - Extremist or Drastic.

6.- Utterly (Adverb). - Indicates the maximum degree possible in the property that it

expresses.

Synonyms. - Completely or Totally.

7.- Chilly (Adjective). - That behaves with such serenity and tranquility that before an

impressive or unforeseen event, it reacts without flinching or without expressing the

slightest emotion.

Synonyms. - Indifferent or Inexpressive

8.- Fond (Adjective). - That he likes something or has an interest in it.

Synonyms. - Amateur or Follower.

9.- Inevitably (Adverb). - It is when something cannot be avoided.

Synonyms. - Necessarily or unavoidably.

10.- Presumptuous (Adjective). - That shows presumption, vanity and pride.

Synonyms. - Conceited or Believed.

11.- Tolerable (Adjective). - That can be tolerated or allowed.

Synonyms. - Bearable or Bearable.

12.- Vigorous (Adjective). - That has vigor or vitality, be it physically or emotionally.

Synonyms. - Strong or Energetic.

13.- Nonsense (Adjective). - What is different or seems to oppose something else of

the same nature.

Synonyms. - Unequal or Different.

14.- Immeasurably (Adverb). - That it is very difficult or impossible to measure or

value.

Synonyms. - Immense or Infinite.

15.- Insufferable (Adjective). - That cannot be suffered or endured.

Synonyms. - Unbearable or Unbearable.

16.- Punctually (Adverb). - It is when you are at the expected or correct time and not

late.

Synonyms. - Precisely or Justly.

17.- Ultimately (Adverb). - It is when you are about to finish something.

Synonyms. - Definitive or Conclusive.

18.- Worrisome (Adjective). - It is when a situation worries more than normal.

Synonyms. - Alarming or Worrying.

Step 2: Synthesyze

From my point of view, I believe that the fact of being able to double life expectancy

would be a great advance for our time, since I believe that this would give us the

option of increasing our economic productivity, spending more quality time with loved

ones , to see future generations grow, I also believe that this "extra" time would allow

us to reinvent ourselves and we could change careers to find a new challenge, I

consider that the fact of having more time to live gives us the time to be able to amend

the mistakes that we have made in our life, although it is true that having more time to

live could give rise to some problems such as fewer job offers or the fact that

corporations and universities will stagnate without talent and youthful ideas, I believe

that there are more advantages than disadvantages of being able to double life
expectancy, in conclusion for these reasons I agree with being able to double life

expectancy, I believe that if we achieve this the world could be a better place for

everyone.

Step 3: Create

1.- What do you think would be the consequences that the fact of being able to

double life expectancy would inevitably have?

I think that some of the consequences that would inevitably have would be the fact

that society would change in its entirety. Another fact that without a doubt could not

be avoided is that there would be a worse overpopulation than we have today.

2.- Do you think that doubling life expectancy could somehow radically solve the

social problems we are experiencing today?

I think not, believing that such a radical change can be made just by doubling our life

expectancy is hardly credible, today there is poverty, hunger, war among other social

problems and the fact that we can double our life expectancy life is not going to solve

them, a few hundred years ago life expectancy was approximately 40 years as you can

see today life expectancy has doubled to what it was a few centuries ago and we still

have the same problems as a few centuries ago centuries so it is hardly credible to

believe that more years of life will solve our problems.

3.- What do you think would be the most disturbing or worrying about the fact of

being able to double our life expectancy?

I think that the most worrying thing would be the great change to society that this

would generate. I think that from this fact of doubling life expectancy we would not

get to

obtain a better society since the great changes would take longer due to the fact that

people now live further.

4.-In the hypothetical case that we can double our life expectancy, what do you think

would be the advantages?

I think it would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes, lead us to think longer

term, and reduce healthcare costs by delaying the onset of costly diseases of aging. It

would also increase productivity by increasing our prime years, but ultimately I think

the disadvantages are greater and would cause greater harm.

5.-Do you think that world leaders, or large companies, by being able to live longer,

would stay in their positions for much longer?

I think so, I believe that a person with power does not always want to leave it, but is

forced to leave it, either by age or by the influences that surround him, but if you can

live longer, change inevitably becomes more difficult and therefore the different

Institutions could become stagnant since there are no new ideas.

Step 4: Idea Web

MY LIFEIN 2175

Marriage:
I'm already married and I have two children, plus it's my 4th marriage today, changing

marriages every couple of decades is normal.

Careers:

For the year 2175 I have 5 careers, International Relations, Medicine, Lawyer, Chef and

Astronaut, over time to not get bored I have been studying new careers, also each

career I study has new challenges and that makes life interesting.

House:

Currently that I find myself living on the planet Arvala, it is one of the many planets

that humanity has conquered, it is very similar to Earth, it is a great place to live, my

house is located in the south-east area of the planet, it is a house 4 story, a good place

to live.

Familia:

I have family all over the galaxy, as I have been married 4 times, my children are all

over the galaxy, nowadays it is normal for your family to be spread all over the place.

Longevity:

I am currently 182 years old, I am still young, I think I will live another hundred years

and this is due to technology, to believe that a few hundred years ago people only

lived about 80 years is something surprising for this time.

Step 5:

My life in the year 2175

My life in the year 2175, is a life linked to technology, since today it is normal to live
with a robot, all the people in the world are linked thank you to technology, I am
currently living on the planet Arvala that the earth has colonized, I am working for the
government in its planet colonization program, in the year 2175 I am married and I
have two children, their names are Diego and Nicolas.

It is the year 2175 and I am 182 years old, thank you to the pills they invented, I can
live so long, currently it is not a problem to live long, it is a great time for humanity, I
currently know several languages and I have five professional careers, these are:
International Relations, Medicine, Lawyer, Chef and Astronaut.

I am practicing the career of Astronaut, but occasionally I usually practice other careers
that I know, I studied different careers, because having so much time I decided to
reinvent myself, it is something that I usually do every 30 years so that my life
becomes more interesting, nowadays almost all the people who live that long tend to
have different professions, for example my wife is an Administrator, a Mathematics
Teacher and Chef.

In conclusion, I can say that in the year 2175 life is easier and better that it was before,
this is due, thank you to the pill to boost our lives, people tend to study and pursue
other careers, and people with years of experience have given themselves account of
their mistakes and they have solved them that has made us live in a united community
where the social difference is no longer so great, poverty is almost extinct and diseases
are no longer a health problem, it is a great time to - to be able to live and I hope that
we continue to improve as a species.

Unit 6
Step 1: Vocabulary

1.Passion (Noun). - Vehive feeling, capable of dominating the will and disturbing

reason, such as intense love, hate, jealousy or anger.

Synonyms. - Illness or Suffering.

2.- Proudly (Adverb). - It is when a person has the feeling of satisfaction for their own

achievements, abilities or merits or for something in which a person feels concerned.

Synonyms. - Pride or conceit.

3.- Challenge (Noun). - Difficult or dangerous situation with which someone faces.

Synonyms. - Challenge or Duel.

4.- Satisfaction (Noun). - A pleasant feeling you have when you receive something you

wanted, or when you have done something you wanted to do.

Synonyms. - Happiness or Complacency.

5.- Determined (Adjective). - It is when you really want to do something and not allow

anyone or any difficulty to stop you.

Synonyms. - Concrete or Defined.

6.- Proposal (Noun). - Project or idea that is presented to a person so that they accept

it and give their consent to carry it out.

Synonyms. - Offer or Proposition.

7.- Donate (Verb). - It is when you give money or goods to help a person or

organization

Synonyms. - Gift or Deliver.

8.- Admiring (Adjective). - That feels or expresses admiration.

Synonyms. - Amazement or Fascination.

9.- Devote (Verb). - Offer something to a specific person as a sign of affection or

gratitude.

Synonyms. - Allocate or Assign.

10.- Inspired (Adjective). - That has or shows a stimulus or sudden lucidity.

Synonyms. - Brilliant or Illuminated.

11.- Manage (Verb). - It is when you exercise control, the command of something

specific.

Synonyms. - Rule or Direct.

12.- Thrilled (Adjective). - It is when you are extremely happy about something.

Synonyms. - Satisfied or Happy.

Step 2: Synthesyze
From my point of view, I am in favor of making volunteering compulsory because I

believe the benefits of volunteering are many and of different kinds. We can say that

participating as a volunteer is a social and/or humanitarian cause that brings great

value to others, but also to oneself. Through volunteering we help ourselves while

helping others.

Although it is true today it is difficult to find time to volunteer since with everything we

have to do every day, we have little time left. However, I believe that the benefits of

being able to volunteer are so great that it is worth considering if we really cannot

spend a little time developing an activity in favor of others.

I believe that the benefits of volunteering are many, among them are:

The fact that it allows us to meet new people and make friends, develop skills and

even advance our career. In addition, it can help us protect our health, both mental

and physical, there is also the fact that it connects you with others, dedicating your

time as a volunteer helps you make new friends, expand your social network and

increase your social skills. In fact, one of the best ways to make new friends and

strengthen existing relationships is to engage in an activity together with others.

Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, strengthen ties with the community

and broaden your support network, get closer to people with common interests with

whom you can do fun and satisfying activities.

On the other hand, volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop

your social skills, even if you are a bit shy or reserved, since you will periodically meet

people with common interests and goals.

In conclusion, I think that compulsory volunteering is of great help and I am sure that

more than one person would like to volunteer to such an extent that they will continue

doing so for a long time.

Step 3: Create

1.- Devote – Determined- Keep on – Proudly

Reporter: Your son Justin is quite remarkable, isn’t he?

Diane Lebo: Yes, he is. After Justin saw the boys having so much fun on their bicycles,
he became devoted to the project. He was determined to get every boy on a bicycle,
so he kept on working hard. I'm very proud of him.

2.- Challenge - Inspired - Passion - Sit around

Reporter: Aſter fixing the first bike, did you ever think you would end up repairing and
donating over 150 more?

Justin Lebo: The truth is that no, I never thought there would be so many, I challenged
myself to be able to fix as many bikes as possible, each bike that I fixed was a new
inspiration for me, the truth is that I only did it because it was my passion and I I liked
to sit around people and watch them use the bikes I had fixed.

3.- Donate - End up - Manage – Proposal

Reporter: What did you think when Justin first told you he was planning on building a
bicycle for every boy at Kilbarchan?

Director of the Kilbarchan School: I thought it was a very difficult proposition, but
knowing him I knew that he could do it and that in the end he would end up donating a
bicycle to each child, it is surprising that he was able to manage his time to be able to
do this challenge.
4.- Donate - Figure out - Fulfilling - Proudly

Reporter: Why do you support mandatory volunteering?

Student supporting mandatory volunteering: I support it because I believe that by

doing so we fulfill our service to society. I also believe that volunteering fills you with
pride. In volunteering we do many activities and sometimes we donate food to people
who need it, although it is true that there are people who do not agree. I agree with
my position, but I think they should find out the great benefits that volunteering gives
you.

5.- Find out – Indignant – Manage – Oxymoron

Reporter: Why are you opposed to mandatory volunteering?

Student opposing mandatory volunteering: I am opposed because I believe that

volunteering should be voluntary and people should not be forced to do something
they do not want to do, many of those people already have their time managed and if
you force them to volunteer that would undoubtedly affect them and I think that Some
people would feel indignant because they could consider that their rights are being
violated. I think there are other ways besides forcing them to volunteer so that people
discover that volunteering can help them in their day to day.

Step 4: T-chart

Pros Cons

1.- Volunteering time and helping others can 1.- The idea of mandatory volunteering

shift a teen's focus to their own challenges or may not appeal to teens with social

pressures. It will also develop her empathy challenges.

and compassion. 2.- Teens who need clear directions and

2.- Volunteering regularly and being part specific tasks to stay focused may not

of a work team can provide a feeling of find enough structure in some

volunteer
belonging and inclusion that you may not situations.

find at school. 3.- The emotional benefit of

3.- The opportunities can be more interesting volunteering may be too abstract for

and inspiring than a paid job. This is a very some teens to appreciate.

important advantage for teens with attention

issues.

Step 5: Thesis Statement

From my point of view, the mandatory volunteer program should be implemented

because it gives different tools that we can use in our lives, some of these tools are:
The ties with the community that are forged by working together, when you become a
volunteer for an organization You meet different people from your community and
learn to join efforts to achieve a goal. Another reason to implement compulsory
volunteering is that it helps you to experience different situations, it also helps you to
be in shape, either physically or mentally, as well as in In a world where climate change
is taking place with such force, being a volunteer allows you to contribute to nature in
a greater way.

In conclusion, volunteering is a great option, it also helps us to strengthen the personal

and professional profile of young people, by developing socio-emotional skills, such as
proactivity, empathy and dedication to service, and putting into practice the
knowledge acquired in the classroom.

Step 6: Brace Map

1.-Introduction and Tesis Statement:

Today people suffer from obesity more frequently, this is mainly due to the fact that
people are very sedentary and do not practice any sport, also we cannot forget that
thanks to technology eSports have been created, which are considered electronic
sports, Said sports, as the name says, are electronic and you do not need any physical
activity to be able to do it. In addition, some schools have considered eliminating
sports equipment since the results are not as expected and generate great expenses to
maintain them, from my perspective. I think that removing them would be a big
mistake.

2.- The sport promotes development and social integration also generates a sense of
belonging and love for the club you represent.

a. The practice of sports encloses, in its essence, the game in all its manifestations as
an unbeatable means of interaction with others, achieving levels of integration that
almost no other activity can achieve.

b. There are no colors, races, creeds, or strata in the game, and student-athletes are
generally instilled with respect for the differences between people that makes people
learn to respect everyone equally.

c. Being in a sports team creates a sense of belonging and therefore of identity and
strength among young people in training.

3.- Sport helps to form values and virtues, it also helps coexistence.

a. Sport is an appropriate tool to teach everyone, but especially the youngest, values
and virtues such as justice, loyalty, self-improvement, coexistence, respect,
camaraderie, teamwork, discipline, responsibility and tolerance.

b. Sport normally forces children to work as a team, to collaborate with others and to
learn that strength lies in the union of many.

c. Sport teaches us that when we all seek the same goal, even the most difficult things
can be achieved if we work together and with effort.

4.- Sport stimulates the brain making it work constantly, it also raises people's self-
esteem and helps us forge a discipline.

a. The brain needs to move to learn, what's more, the brain learns and remembers
more when it's moving. In addition, physical exercise does not help to have better
mental health, exercising stimulates memory and makes it more agile, this is useful for
our day to day.

b. People who play a sport or do physical exercise tend to have higher self-esteem,
suffer less depression and anxiety. It also allows them to have catharsis, because by
hitting, for example, a ball, repressed anger and frustrations are released, and this is
healthy.

c.- Practicing sports on a regular basis stimulates discipline in general: young athletes
are more organized, structured and less likely to fall into bad habits. It can become a
factor of personal development. Sport can be a factor in the development of the
person by becoming a lifestyle that leads the individual to make this practice his
vocation and profession, and even an opportunity to abandon certain personal or
social realities.

5.- Conclusion:

After showing these arguments, we can come to the conclusion that eliminating sports
from schools is a mistake, school sports practice must be mainly oriented towards the
formation of the human being and must be taken hand in hand with the students, in
addition to sports It can be an escape for many students who have problems at home.
Without a doubt, sport is very important for the lives of students and removing it from
their schools would be making a serious mistake.

Step 7:

The community program that I would establish would be a program to clean up the
beaches of my city, this program would not only serve all the members of my city but it
would also help the city itself to look more beautiful than it already is, but the The fact
of having clean beaches is without a doubt a plus for tourists and foreign investment.
In my program, without a doubt, there would be volunteers, since a lot of help is
needed to be able to carry out this program and that it can also be successful. I think
that a large part Some of the volunteers would be people who constantly go to the
beaches such as surfers or constant bathers. I also think that people who live near the
beaches could join since keeping them clean would benefit them.

I hope to achieve several things with this program, first the fact of having clean
beaches and in this way reduce the diseases that contaminate beaches generate. I also
hope that when people see their clean beaches they become aware and keep them
that way. I also hope that there will be a investment in these beaches so that in this
way there is more work for the people who need it.

In conclusion, the fact of having clean beaches generates many benefits and since they
are public beaches it is everyone's task to keep them clean, this fact generates an
investment that would benefit all members of the community.