COMMUNITY RADIO

In 2002, the Government of India granted

permission for setting up community radio stations
for educational institutes.
In 2004, Anna FM of Anna University was
launched on 1 February.
Later in 2006, the policy was amended to include
other institutions.
Hence in 2008, Sangham Radio became the first
NGO-operated radio station in the country. The
radio station was licensed to the Deccan
Development Society.

Following are the major characteristics of community

radio:
1. It serves a recognisable community.
2. It encourages participatory communication.
3. It offers opportunity to the community to initiate
communication in programme creation and management.
4. It uses technology appropriate to the economic
capability of the people not leading to the dependence on
the external sources.
5. Community radio is a non-profit oriented concern, like
a public service broadcaster. Both information and
entertainment issues are concentrated in programme
genres.
6. It uses frequency modulation technology to broadcast
the small coverage area

CAMPUS RADIO
On 1 February 2004, Anna FM was launched as India's
first campus “community” radio station by the students of
the Anna University

What is the use of campus radio?

Campus Radio stations serve as cultural

unifies, connecting students through music and news.
Campus Radio stations also bridge the gap between
schools and communities, providing college students with
information about local news and events while informing
communities about campus happenings.

Broadcasting
The first is broadcasting. Broadcasting is familiar from
advertising and content marketing. You put your ideas out
to a wide audience, and you’re measuring things like
reach or share of voice. However, there’s a problem with
broadcasting when it comes to thought leadership because
95 to 99% of the world isn’t going to care about your
ideas. In fact, you’ll be adding to their noise rather than
delivering signal.
Narrowcasting
The second approach for delivering thought leadership is
narrowcasting. Narrowcasting identifies specific target
audiences, and it shapes messages for those audiences. It
understands what their goals are, what their needs are,
where their pain points. And then, uses language that is
accessible to them and invites them to take a first step.

RADIO TRANSMISSION BANDS

SHORTWAVE(SW)
shortwave radio, transmission and reception of
information by means of electromagnetic waves about 10
to 80 m (33 to 262 feet) in length having frequencies of
approximately 29.7 to 3.5 megahertz. Shortwave
broadcasts provide the major source of news and popular
entertainment in much of the world except in highly
developed regions such as western Europe, North
America, and Japan, where government or
commercial programming is transmitted within other
bands of frequencies.
Medium-wave (MW)
Medium-wave radio is generally used for local broadcasts
and is perfect for rural communities. With a medium
transmission range, it can reach isolated areas with a
strong, reliable signal. Medium-wave transmissions can
be broadcast through established radio networks - where
these networks exist
Frequency Modulation (FM)

FM provides a short-range signal - generally to anywhere

within sight of the transmitter, with excellent sound
quality. It can typically cover the area of a small city or
large town - making it perfect for a radio station focusing
on a limited geographical area speaking into local issues.
While shortwave and medium-wave stations can be
expensive to operate, a license for a community-based
FM station is much cheaper.
Which FM station is India's first private FM?

Radio City, Bangalore

In 2001, India's first private FM station – Radio City,

Bangalore – came on air, ending an era of state
broadcasting that began in 1930. In the past decade, FM
radio has enjoyed spectacular success: over 200 stations
are now in operation, and the FM industry has seen
spectacular growth in listenership and revenues.

The impact the internet had on the radio industry is that the
network would boost the programming variety. The radio
can offer over one hundred channels all over the region of
operation with a broad frequency variety, different brand
names, and music display in real-time. The internet reduces
the commercial overload to about six minutes contrary to
the 15 minutes previously wasted (Marsh et al, 45). The
internet is very well-organized in offering digital signals
that are of very high quality. The recent advances creating
reception of very high quality at a very competitive and
reasonable price has enhanced the competitiveness of radio
as a medium of communication and entertainment.
Everybody can access the radio on the internet (Keith 2009,
67).

 Podcasting (Radio blogging)

 History of Podcasting
 Podcasting started in 2004 when David Winer, a
software developer created a program from
 home to allow him to record broadcasts off the
internet radio stations and play them on an iPod.
 He wanted to be able to save them to his computer so
he could return to them later. He released
 the software online and eventually other
software developers improved on the idea and
 Podcasting gained momentum. The name Podcasting
actually comes from two different words -
 pod came from the iPod and casting came from
broadcasting (Morris, 2005
 History of Podcasting
 Podcasting started in 2004 when David Winer, a
software developer created a program from
 home to allow him to record broadcasts off the
internet radio stations and play them on an iPod.
 He wanted to be able to save them to his computer so
he could return to them later. He released
 the software online and eventually other
software developers improved on the idea and
 Podcasting gained momentum. The name Podcasting
actually comes from two different words -
 pod came from the iPod and casting came from
broadcasting (Morris, 2005
 History of Podcasting
 Podcasting started in 2004 when David Winer, a
software developer created a program from
 home to allow him to record broadcasts off the
internet radio stations and play them on an iPod.
 He wanted to be able to save them to his computer so
he could return to them later. He released
 the software online and eventually other
software developers improved on the idea and
 Podcasting gained momentum. The name Podcasting
actually comes from two different words -
 pod came from the iPod and casting came from
broadcasting (Morris, 2005
 History of Podcasting
 Podcasting started in 2004 when David Winer, a
software developer created a program from
 home to allow him to record broadcasts off the
internet radio stations and play them on an iPod.
 He wanted to be able to save them to his computer so
he could return to them later. He released
 the software online and eventually other
software developers improved on the idea and
 Podcasting gained momentum. The name Podcasting
actually comes from two different words -
 pod came from the iPod and casting came from
broadcasting (Morris, 2005
 History of Podcasting
 Podcasting started in 2004 when David Winer, a
software developer created a program from
 home to allow him to record broadcasts off the
internet radio stations and play them on an iPod.
 He wanted to be able to save them to his computer so
he could return to them later. He released
 the software online and eventually other
software developers improved on the idea and
 Podcasting gained momentum. The name Podcasting
actually comes from two different words -
 pod came from the iPod and casting came from
broadcasting (Morris, 2005
History of Podcasting
Podcasting started in 2004 when David Winer, a software
developer created a program from
home to allow him to record broadcasts off the internet
radio stations and play them on an iPod.
He wanted to be able to save them to his computer so he
could return to them later. He released
the software online and eventually other software
developers improved on the idea and
Podcasting gained momentum. The name Podcasting
actually comes from two different words -
pod came from the iPod and casting came from
broadcasting (Morris, 2005
A factor which is influencing the popularity of Podcasting
is cheap MP3 players such as the iPod.
A possible reason why Podcasting allows users to keep up
to date with items that interest them
Podcasting started in 2004 when David Winer, a software
developer created a program from home to allow him to
record broadcasts off the internet radio stations and play
them on an iPod. He wanted to be able to save them to
his computer so he could return to them later. He released
the software online and eventually other software
developers improved on the idea and Podcasting
gained momentum. The name Podcasting actually comes
from two different words - pod came from the iPod and
casting came from broadcasting (Morris, 2005
A factor which is influencing the popularity of Podcasting
is cheap MP3 players such as the iPod.
A possible reason why Podcasting allows users to keep up
to date with items that interest them
A factor which is influencing the popularity of Podcasting
is cheap MP3 players such as the iPod.
A possible reason why Podcasting allows users to keep up
to date with items that interest them
A factor which is influencing the popularity of Podcasting
is cheap MP3 players such as the iPod.
A possible reason why Podcasting allows users to keep up
to date with items that interest them
A factor which is influencing the popularity of Podcasting
is cheap MP3 players such as the iPod. A possible reason
why Podcasting allows users to keep up to date with items
that interest them

Analog – A type of waveform signal with characteristics

that are continuous as opposed to pulsed, containing data
or information such as voice, data or image. Analog was
standard broadcasting or the way old record players
worked before the onset of CD's. Analog radio has two
main parts, a receiver and a transmitter. The transmitter
sends radio signals---called continuous sine waves---using
one of two types of modulation to carry information.
These two types of modulation are Amplitude Modulation
(AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM).
Digital radio is the use of digital technology to transmit or
receive across the radio spectrum. Digital
transmission by radio waves includes digital broadcasting,
and especially digital audio radio services. digital radio
sends a signal through the air that a receiver captures and
plays through your speakers. The main difference
between the two is that digital radio doesn't send complete
information all at once. Instead, it converts the audio to
digital information. Then it compresses the digital
information and transmits it in pieces. The receiver
captures these pieces of information much like it would
with an analog signal. But instead of playing them, it
decodes the data and pieces it together first. While this
seems like an odd process, it actually makes the digital
signal less likely to suffer from interference. One of the
biggest downsides is that when the signal gets too bad,
you lose it completely.