:operational framework of breast cancer

A population-based case-control study was conducted among young Black and White
women in metropolitan Detroit and Los Angeles to investigate the causes of young-
onset breast cancer (BC). The study aimed to understand why young-onset BC is
more likely to be hormone receptor-negative and have a worse prognosis, as well as
the persistent racial and socioeconomic disparities. Data on various life-course
exposures, including socioeconomic, reproductive, and energy balance factors, were
collected through in-person interviews. Anthropometry measurements, blood (or
saliva) samples, and tumor characteristics were also obtained. The response rate for
interviews was 60% for cases and 53% for controls, with a high completion rate for
the main interview and a significant number of participants providing biological
samples. The study's findings are expected to enhance our understanding of young-
onset BC etiology, especially by tumor type, and help identify factors contributing to
.racial and socioeconomic disparities in BC

Velie, E.M., Marcus, L.R., Pathak, D.R. et al. Theory, methods, and operational results of the
Young Women’s Health History Study: a study of young-onset breast cancer incidence in
Black and White women. Cancer Causes Control 32, 1129–1148 (2021). https://doi-
org.sdl.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01461-x

In cancer research, platform trial designs facilitate the assessment of several

chemicals in a single disease or subtype of the disease. Molecular features can be
used to stratify patient populations thanks to advances in molecular biology. Platform
trials shorten the time needed for medication review by effectively evaluating several
targeted medicines in small patient subgroups. Complexity, expense, resource
allocation, and regulatory concerns are some of the operational obstacles of platform
trial designs. Insights about the significance of clinical leadership, well-written
protocols, integrated funding models, and stakeholder engagement are offered by
the UK plasmaMATCH study, a platform trial that focuses on advanced breast cancer.
The trial has yielded valuable insights into effective platform trial designs, such as the
need for early regulatory involvement, a flexible resource infrastructure, and
.expedited contracting procedures

Snowdon, C., Kernaghan, S., Moretti, L. et al. Operational complexity versus

design efficiency: challenges of implementing a phase IIa multiple parallel
cohort targeted treatment platform trial in advanced breast cancer. Trials 23,
372 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-022-06312-x
According to epidemiological data, breast cancer is currently the most common
malignancy to be diagnosed. Breast cancer is known to arise as a result of a variety of
hereditary and environmental causes. The promise of therapies focusing on
environmental risk factors—particularly diet—has been emphasized by research on
cancer prevention. Green tea's epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is being researched
as a possible dietary supplement to prevent breast cancer. Studies conducted in vitro
have demonstrated that EGCG can inhibit intracellular signaling pathways implicated
in breast cancer and has an impact on the course of the cell cycle. Moreover, EGCG
has properties that induce apoptosis, which may strengthen its function in
controlling cell survival. Preclinical evidence indicates that EGCG may be
administered in addition to EGFR-targeting therapies. Nonetheless, there are few
extensive epidemiological research on the use of EGCG-containing dietary
.supplements to prevent breast cancer

Athanasiou Efstratios*, Verras Georgios-Ioannis, Papageorgiou Savvas, Kelesis Ioannis,

Gatsis Athanasios, Karaoulani Christina, Stouras Ioannis, Kanatas Panagiotis, Saitani
Elmina-Marina, Oikonomou Maria-Eleni, Vlassi Danae-Anastasia, Vasileiou Maria,
Tsagkaris Christos, Alexiou Athanasios and Kamal Amjad Mohammad, The Association
Between the Risk of Breast Cancer and Epigallocatechin- 3-Gallate Intake: A Literature
Review of a Potential Chemopreventive Agent, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2022; 29 (40)
.https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867329666220726153412