Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

Percentage Yield:

Percentage yield is a way of comparing amount of product made (actual

yield) to amount expected (predicted yield).

You want a high percentage yield so that no reactants are wasted.

Percentage Yield = Actual Yield x 100

Predicted Yield
- 100% Yield means that no product has been lost
- 0% Yield means that all of the product has been lost

Reasons for not getting expected mass:

- Loss when filtering

- Loss when transferring liquids
- Loss when evaporating
- Not all the reactant was made into a product

Atom Economy:

The atom economy of a chemical reaction is a measure of the amount of

starting materials that become useful products.

Inefficient, wasteful processes have low atom economies; atoms are

wasted not made into useful products. .

Efficient processes have high atom economies, and are important for
sustainable development, as they use fewer natural resources and create
less waste. A high atom economy also means that there are less
unwanted products made.

BASIC SUMMARY: Atom economy is a way of measuring the amount of

atoms that are wasted when manufacturing a chemical

x 100
Atom Economy = Mr of desired product
Sum of Mr of all products
- 100% atom economy means that all of the reactant was converted
into the desired product
- 0% atom economy means that all of the product has been lost

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 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(1):

OCR Gateway Paper May 2012 B3 C3 P3

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 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(2):

OCR Gateway January 2013 B3 C3 P3

(Refer to ‘New Drugs’ Revision pack for part b)

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 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(3):

OCR Gateway June 2013 B3 C3 P3

Page 4 of 12
 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(4):

OCR Gateway January 2012 C1 C2 C3

Page 5 of 12
 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(5):

OCR Gateway May 2012 C1 C2 C3

Page 6 of 12
 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(6):

Page 7 of 12
 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

OCR Gateway January 2013 C1 C2 C3

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 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

OCR Gateway May 2013 C1 C2 C3

Page 9 of 12
 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

Mark Schemes:

PPQ(1):

PPQ(2):

PPQ(3):

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 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(4)

PPQ(5):

PPQ(6):

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 Percentage Yield and Atom Economy – Revision Pack (C3)

PPQ(7):

Page 12 of 12