Given the growth in telecommuting and other mobile work arrangements, how might offices physically

change in the coming years? Will offices as we think of them today exist in the next ten years? Why or
why not?

With the growth in mobile work arrangements and with the recent pandemic effect, offices are changing
every day. I work remotely as a data analyst currently and worked as a software engineer during the
pandemic. There is a significant impact on the physical design and use of office spaces in the coming
years, here are few possibilities: Office spaces may redesign the furniture and physical space to provide
more flexibility for the employees to work as they feel comfortable. Remote work culture results in
offices investing more in video conferencing and other remote work infrastructure. This might lead to a
reduction in their office space. They may cut the building leases and invest in good infrastructure for the
employees to work collaboratively and remotely. The pandemic has also shown how health and wellness
services are important to employees. In the future, office spaces may be occupied by specific
departments like sales, HR, etc which will need a physical space to work efficiently whereas other teams
related to tech may switch to remote work. Overall, it seems likely that offices will continue to evolve in
response to changing work patterns and employee preferences. While the traditional office model may
not disappear entirely, we can expect to see more flexibility, technology, and focus on wellness in the
offices of the future. In the next ten years, we can expect remote work to have a significant impact on
the physical design of office spaces. Companies will need to create spaces that are flexible, collaborative,
and supportive of employee health and wellness. At the same time, they will need to invest in the
technology infrastructure to support remote work and create an environment that fosters productivity
and creativity. Overall, the office of the future will likely be more dynamic, collaborative, and flexible
than the offices of the past.

References:

Zhen Shao, Xixi Li, Yumei Luo, Jose Benitez. (2022) The differential impacts of top management support
and transformational supervisory leadership on employees’ digital performance. European Journal of
Information Systems 0:0, pages 1-27.

Mandviwalla, M., & Flanagan, R. (2021). Small business digital transformation in the context of the
pandemic. European Journal of Information Systems, 30(4), 359-375.

Vom Brocke, Schmid, A. M., Simons, A., & Safrudin, N. (2021). IT-enabled organizational transformation:
a structured literature review. Business Process Management Journal, 27(1), 204–229.
BLCN:

2) Provide two sections (200-250 words each) explaining, with supporting weekly reading source
material, (Do not quote any of the source material, you must explain in your own words but properly
citing material found in the assigned sources) one (1) of the Seven Design Principles presented in
Chapter 2 of Blockchain Revolution. Then provide a detailed example of how this Principle can be
utilized to disrupt or enhance a process that you are familiar with in your field or current career.

To clarify, you will have two (2) sections with each section covering one (1) of the Seven Design
Principles and your own application. Section 1 will be your first Design Principle selected and its
application. Section 2 will be your second Design principle selected and its real-world application.

3) Provide three (3) questions that you would like to ask other classmates in relation to the weekly
reading material. These need to be specific questions based on weekly reading material. Do not just ask
general questions.

One of the design principles presented in Chapter 2 of "Blockchain Revolution" is Interoperability.

Interoperability refers to the ability of different blockchain systems to communicate and exchange
information seamlessly. This design principle is crucial to the development of the blockchain economy
because it allows for a more connected and efficient network. As stated in the chapter, "interoperability
will be the foundation of the new blockchain economy, enabling a global exchange of value and
information" (Tapscott & Tapscott, 2018, p. 53).

Interoperability is already being utilized in the field of supply chain management. IBM's Food Trust
blockchain network is a prime example of how interoperability can enhance a process. Food Trust
enables different members of the food supply chain to connect and share information, including
suppliers, distributors, retailers, and regulators. By utilizing a shared ledger, Food Trust ensures
transparency and accountability in the food supply chain. For instance, Walmart, one of the major
retailers that use the Food Trust network, can track the origin of a particular food item and identify
potential sources of contamination quickly. This is particularly important in the case of food recalls,
where quick and accurate identification of the source of contamination can save lives.

Overall, interoperability is a crucial design principle that can enhance many processes, particularly those
that involve multiple parties exchanging information. By enabling different blockchain systems to
communicate and exchange information seamlessly, interoperability can increase efficiency,
transparency, and trust in various industries.

Another design principle presented in Chapter 2 is Rights preserved. Rights preserved refer to the ability
to trace the origin and history of a particular asset, whether it is a product or a piece of information.
Rights preserved is an essential design principle in the blockchain economy because it enables
transparency and accountability, particularly in industries where trust is paramount. The art world is a
prime example of an industry where rights preserved are crucial. Art fraud is a significant problem in the
art market, and it is estimated that up to 50% of all artworks on the market may be fake or misattributed
(Boccaletti et al., 2019). Blockchain technology can help address this problem by enabling a transparent
and secure system for recording the ownership and history of artworks. For instance, the Artory
blockchain platform enables art collectors and auction houses to track the rights preserved of artworks,
including ownership history, exhibitions, and conservation records. By utilizing a shared ledger, Artory
provides a tamper-proof record of an artwork's history, which increases transparency and trust in the art
market. Overall, rights preserved is a crucial design principle that can enhance many processes,
particularly those that involve assets with a history or a complex supply chain. By enabling transparent
and secure tracking of an asset's origin and history, rights preserved can increase accountability and
trust in various industries.

References:

Boccaletti, S., Nardini, F. M., & Di Pietro, R. (2019). Fighting art fraud with blockchain. In Proceedings of
the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 2515-2517).

Tapscott, D., & Tapscott, A. (2018). Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin and
Other Cryptocurrencies Is Changing the World. Penguin.

The first principle I would like to discuss is privacy which allows individuals to control their own data and
provides the right to decide what information to share, how to share it, and with whom to share it.
Privacy is a fundamental human right, and the blockchain provides a way to respect this right by
allowing individuals to maintain anonymity and control over their data. The blockchain's design
eliminates the need for identity requirements in the network layer and allows participants to maintain
anonymity by not attaching any personal details to their identity or storing their data in a central
database. Moreover, the identification and verification layers are separated from the transaction layer,
so that personal identities are not revealed during a transaction. The blockchain offers the flexibility for
selective and anonymous attestation, providing benefits for society and network design. The
breakthrough is that the blockchain eliminates the honeypots of personal data that are collected and
used by corporations and governments for surveillance and other purposes. The blockchain's
pseudonymous design allows users to maintain anonymity, and the platform gives users the ability to
choose the level of privacy they are comfortable with in any given transaction or environment. The
blockchain's platform can help large corporations transform their relationship with consumer data, by
giving clients access to anonymous data without taking on any data security risk. The implications of this
principle for the blockchain economy are significant, as the blockchain provides opportunities to shift to
a new paradigm where individuals own their personal data, giving away only the information required in
any social or economic exchange, and ensuring that they receive compensation for any data that has
value to another party.

Another design principle I would like to focus is Rights preserved. Rights preserved refer to the ability to
trace the origin and history of a particular asset, whether it is a product or a piece of information. Rights
preserved is an essential design principle in the blockchain economy because it enables transparency
and accountability, particularly in industries where trust is paramount. The art world is a prime example
of an industry where rights preserved are crucial. Art fraud is a significant problem in the art market, and
it is estimated that up to 50% of all artworks on the market may be fake or misattributed (Boccaletti et
al., 2019). Blockchain technology can help address this problem by enabling a transparent and secure
system for recording the ownership and history of artworks. For instance, the Artory blockchain
platform enables art collectors and auction houses to track the rights preserved of artworks, including
ownership history, exhibitions, and conservation records. By utilizing a shared ledger, Artory provides a
tamper-proof record of an artwork's history, which increases transparency and trust in the art market.
Overall, rights preserved is a crucial design principle that can enhance many processes, particularly
those that involve assets with a history or a complex supply chain. By enabling transparent and secure
tracking of an asset's origin and history, rights preserved can increase accountability and trust in various
industries.

Questions:

How does the design principle of "incentives" drive behavior in a blockchain network, and what are
some potential drawbacks to relying too heavily on incentives as a mechanism for network governance?

How does the design principle of "scalability" enable a blockchain network to handle a growing number
of users and transactions, and what are some of the trade-offs between scalability and decentralization?

How does the design principle of "openness" enable innovation and collaboration in the blockchain
ecosystem, and what are some of the potential risks and challenges associated with an open system?

References:

Boccaletti, S., Nardini, F. M., & Di Pietro, R. (2019). Fighting art fraud with blockchain. In Proceedings of
the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 2515-2517).

Tapscott, D., & Tapscott, A. (2018). Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin and
Other Cryptocurrencies Is Changing the World. Penguin.
Response to response:

Hi Leo,

I would like to respond to your reply here:

Leo’s reply to my initial post:
I'll address your first question related to the drawback of relying too much on incentives as a mechanism
for governance.

What could happen is a small number of players control the network, which could undermine the
network's security and decentralization.

High incentives could also lead to a lack of community engagement and a decreased sense of shared
responsibility for the network's success, meaning no one cares for that network specifically, they only
want the rewards.

Any other drawbacks you could think for a network that gives high incentives to its participants?

References:

Tapscott, D., & Tapscott, A. (2018). Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin and
Other Cryptocurrencies Is Changing the World. Penguin.

My Reply:

I agree with your point that in the long term, no one may care about the network. While incentivizing
participants in a network can lead to increased participation and engagement, high incentives may lead
to a concentration of power among a small group of participants who are able to earn the most rewards,
creating a more centralized network. This could potentially undermine the decentralized nature of
blockchain technology. Participants may prioritize short-term gains over long-term benefits for the
network, such as sustainability and stability. This could lead to a lack of investment in the infrastructure
and maintenance of the network, which could undermine its overall success.References:Tapscott, D., &
Tapscott, A. (2018). Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin and Other
Cryptocurrencies Is Changing the World. Penguin.

According to the study by Barrero and Davis, which surveyed over 30,000 American workers between
May 2020 and March 2021, nearly 6 in 10 workers reported being more productive while working from
home during the pandemic than they had expected. On average, respondents were 7% more productive
at home than expected, with 40% reporting they were more productive at home than in the office. It is
worth noting that these findings may not necessarily apply to all types of work or all workers. The
pandemic forced many people to work from home under less than ideal circumstances, such as having
to juggle child care or other distractions, and this may have affected their productivity. In addition,
working from home may not be equally feasible or desirable for all workers, depending on factors such
as their job duties, living situation, and personal preferences.

References:
Barrero, J. M., & Davis, S. J. (2021). Working from home in the COVID-19 pandemic: Changing
preferences, productivity, and inequality. National Bureau of Economic Research.
https://www.nber.org/papers/w29042