Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CIVL 2122 Lecture 11
CIVL 2122 Lecture 11
CIVL 2122
Soil strength
and
Critical State
Dr Christophe Gaudin
gaudin@civil.uwa.edu.au Lecture 11
Outline
Critical state concept
NC and OC clay
1-D consolidation
Initial and final su
Staged loading
TSP? CSL
Deviator stress q Μ
1
Bu
Undrained shear
Undrained strength: strength independent
qf
su = qf/2 of TSP
ESP
mean effective stress p'
B
Specific volume v
= 1+e
"Wet of critical"
B
vf = vo
NCLISO
Undrained test
⇒ no volume CSL
change allowed
Mean effective stress p'
Dr Christophe Gaudin – September 2008 CIVL 2122 – Lecture 11
Critical state concept Shear strength of OC clay
NCISO: v = N – λ ln p′
su = qf/2 ∆u - Au
qf Swelling line:
vo = v at p′max + κ ln(p′max/p′o)
ESP = Ν – λ ln p′max+ κ ln(p′max/p′o)
p′max p′ OCR in terms of p′ = OCRp
p′o pf p′f OCRp= p′max/ p′o
B v
v= 1+e
N
1
λ
NCISO
vf = vo 1
κ
A NCLISO vo
CSL Ln p′
su
λ−κ
M 1 λ p′o O.C. p′o N .C.
p′o N .C.
2 r
Dr Christophe Gaudin – September 2008 CIVL 2122 – Lecture 11
Critical state concept 1-D Consolidation path
NCISO: v = N – λ ln p′
σ′v and su
NC1-D: v = No – λ ln p′
v CSL: v = Γ – λ ln p′
σ′v = (γγsat – γw).z = 8z
N
1
(for γsat = 18 kN/m3)
No λ
1
λ NCISO
Γ
1 su z 0.2 σ′v
λ NC1-D = 1.6z
CSL
Ln p'
10 m
16 kPa 80 kPa
Depth z (m)
Dr Christophe Gaudin – September 2008 CIVL 2122 – Lecture 11
Critical state concept Initial and final Su
In situ su
Depth (m)
1
e p'
k
In situ eo
su after
consolidation
e after NCL
consolidation In situ su
su = k.z (k = 1 to 2 kPa/m)
CSL
p' (or su = suo + k.z)
q
CSL
Fully drained sd
6
su after two increments
5
4
In situ su
2
∆q due to total load > in situ su
3
TSP → failure if applied in 1 increment
1
p'
e
2 1
In situ eo Consolidation
between increments
4 3
NCL ESP in
e after two increments 5
6 undrained
loading
CSL
p'
Dr Christophe Gaudin – September 2008 CIVL 2122 – Lecture 11
Objectives
You should understand:
The difference between NC and OC clays
The concept and necessity of staged loading for soft soils