12/16/2019

“If we were supposed to talk more than we

listen, we would have two tongues and one
Listening Skills ear.”
Ahmad Altarifi - Mark Twain
DDS; PhD

Hearing vs. Listening

Based on the research of: Adler, R., Rosenfeld, L. and Proctor, R. ( (2001

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Listening Vs. Hearing

Basis for
Listening Hearing
General Types of Listening
Comparison
Listening is something done consciously, Hearing refers to one's ability to
Meaning that involve the analysis and
understanding of the sounds you hear.
perceive sounds, by receiving
vibrations through ears.
• Discriminative:
What is it? A skill An ability Tone
Nature Secondary and temporary Primary and continuous Male vs. female
Act Psychological Physiological Languages
Involves
Interpretation of the message received by
Receipt of message through ears.
Young vs. old.
ears.
Process Active mental process Passive bodily process
• Comprehensive:
Occurs at Conscious level Subconscious level • Need appropriate vocabulary and language
Use of senses More than one Only one • Same words - different meanings
We listen to acquire knowledge and We are neither aware nor we have
Reason
receive information. any control over the sounds we hear.
Concentration Required Not required

Specific Types of Listening Other Types of Listening

• Informational: • Appreciative:
Most common E.g. Music?
Lectures, news, documentary,… Examples?
• Critical: • Rapport::
More active More with negotiation.
Make judgments and opinions Associated with salesmen.
Lead to further questions Examples?
• Therapeutic: • Selective:
Counselors, and medical professionals  Bad
JAN

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Principles of effective listening Principles of effective listening

•Stop Talking
• Prepare yourself to
listen

Principles of effective listening Principles of effective listening

• Effective body language
• Eye contact
• Nodding
• Remove
• posture distractors
• Cell phones
• Doodling
• Etc..

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Principles of effective listening Principles of effective listening

• Empathize • Be patient

Principles of effective listening Principles of effective listening

• Avoid prejudice • Listen to body IIIIIIIIIIIIII

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• i.e. cultural
differences
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Principles of effective listening Principles of effective listening

• Listen, not hear • Listen for ideas,

Not just words

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Signs of active listening Signs of active listening

• Eye contact • Eye contact
• Smile • Smile
• Posture • Posture
• Mirroring • Mirroring
• Distractions • Distractions

Signs of active listening Verbal Signs of Active Listening

• Eye contact • Positive reinforcement
• Smile • Great!, Oh!; I agree; … etc

• Posture • Remembering
• Key points
• Mirroring
• Questioning
• Distractions!
• Reflection
• Rephrasing
• Clarification
• Summarization

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Misconception of listening Thank you

• It is difficult to learn how to listen
• I am a good listener
• I am smart---- I am a good listener
• Hearing = Listening
• We listen better with age
• Gender differences???

Professionalism