DESIGN OF SLABS

Sample Computation for One-way Slab

Dimension of beams supporting the slab:

b = 250 mm
h = 400 mm
L = 4400 mm
S = 2000 mm
Design material properties:
f'c = 21.5 MPa
fy = 275 MPa
d b =12mm

d bt =10 mm

concrete cover=20 mm
Slab dimensions:
Short span, S = 2000
Long span, L = 4400
S 2000
m= = =0.45< 0.5 ∴ One-way Slab
L 4400
KL
Minimum slab thickness, h= (for one end continuous)
24
KL fy
h= where: K=0.4+ (for fy other than 415 MPa)
24 700
L fy
h= (0.4+ )
24 700
4400 275
h= (0.4+ )
24 700
h=145.36 mm say h = 150 mm
Effective depth, d
db
d=h−concrete cover −
2
12
d=150−20−
2
d=124 mm

Load Combination: W u =1.2W DL +1.6 W ¿

Consider 1-m strip of slab,
kN
W DL =4.408 2
× 1 m=4.408 kN /m
m
kN
W ¿ =¿ 4.8 2
× 1 m=4.8 kN /m
m
W u =1.2(4.408)+1.6(4.8)
W u =12.97 kN /m
Ultimate Design Moment:

@Supports (Negative Moment):

M u=−20.3 kN .m (interior face of exterior support)

@Midspan (Positive Moment):

M u=11.5 kN . m

Say use, M u=20.3 kN . m

Checking for Shear:
Shear capacity of concrete, V c
1 '
V c=
6
√ f c(b)(d) where: b=1000 mm considering 1-m strip of a slab

1
V c= √21.5 (1000)(124)
6
V c =95,827.39 N =95.83 kN

Ultimate Shear:
 V u=28.8 kN (interior face of exterior support)

Shear Criteria:
Vu≤∅Vc where: ∅ =0.85
∅ V c =0.85 ( 95.83 )=81.45 kN
V u=28.8 kN < ∅ V c =84.45 kN ∴ OK

1. Design of flexural reinforcement

For steel ratio, ρ :

[ √ ]
2
f'c 2 Ru Mu 20.3 (1000)
ρ=0.85 1− 1− where: Ru= = =1.467 MPa
fy 0.85 f ' c ∅ b d 0.90(1000)(124)2
2

ρ=0.85
(21.5)
275 [ √
1− 1−
2(1.467)
0.85(21.5) ]
ρ=0.00557

Minimum steel ratio, ρmin :

1.4 1.4
ρmin = = =0.00509
fy 275
Maximum steel ratio, ρmax :

ρmax =0.75 ρb where: ρb =0.85 β 1 (

f ' c 600
fy 600+ fy )
and β 1=0.85 for f’c < 30 MPa

[
ρmax =0.75 0.85 (0.85)
275 600+275 )]
( 21.5 )( 600

ρmax =0.0291

Since ρmin < ρ=0.00557< ρmax ∴ OK

Required steel area of Main bars per meter strip:
2
A s=ρbd=0.00557 ( 1000 )( 124 )=690.68 mm
Required spacing:

S=
1000 Ab
=
1000 ( π4 ) ( 12) =163.75 mm say S = 160 mm < 3h or 450 mm
2

As 690.68

Therefore, use 12-mm ∅ Main bars spaced @ 160 mm O.C.

2. Design of temperature reinforcement

For steel ratio, ρt =0.002 for fy = 275 MPa
Required steel area of Temperature reinforcement per meter strip:
2
A st =ρt bh=0.002 ( 1000 ) ( 150 )=300 mm

Required spacing: (using 10-mm ∅ Temperature bars)

St =
1000 A b
=
1000 ( π4 ) ( 10) =261.80 mm say S = 260 mm < 5h or 450 mm
2

t
A st 300

Therefore, use 10-mm ∅ Temperature bars spaced @ 260 mm O.C.

Sample Computation for Two-way Slab

Dimension of beams supporting the slab:
b = 250 mm
h = 400 mm
L = 5250 mm
S = 3200 mm
Design material properties:
f'c = 21.5 MPa
fy = 275 MPa
d b =12mm

d bt =10 mm

concrete cover=20 mm
Slab dimensions:
Short span, S = 3200
Long span, L = 5250
 S 3200
m= = =0.61>0.5 ∴ Two-way Slab
L 5250
Length of clear spans:
l a=3200−0.250=3199.75 mm (in short direction)

l b=5250−0.250=5249.75 mm (in long direction)

For minimum slab thickness using Eq. 9-11:

l n (800+ 0.73 fy)
h=

[
36000+ 5000 β α m−0.12 1+ ( 1β )]
where: l n=l b =5249.75 mm(length of clear span in long direction)

l nb 5249.75
β= = =1.64 (ratio of clear spans in long to short direction)
l ns 3199.75
α 1+ α 2 +α 3 +α 4
α m=
4
For α 1: Interior beam and continuous slab
3
1.6 b h3 1.6 (250) ( 400 )
Ecb I b 12 12
α 1= = = =2.92
E cs I s s hs
3
(1000+ 1600) ( 150 )
3

12 12
For α 2: Interior beam and continuous slab
3
1.6 b h 3 1.6(250) ( 400 )
12 12
α 2= 3
= 3
=2.92
s hs (1600+1000) ( 150 )
12 12

For α 3: Interior beam and discontinuous slab

3
1.6 b h3 1.6 (250) ( 400 )
12 12
α 3= 3
= 3
=2.89
s hs (2625) ( 150 )
12 12
 For α 4 : Interior beam and continuous slab
3
1.6 b h3 1.6 (250) ( 400 )
12 12
α 4= 3
= 3
=1.44
s hs (2625+ 2625) ( 150 )
12 12
α 1+ α 2 +α 3 +α 4 2.92+ 2.92+ 2.89+1.44
α m= = =2.54
4 4
5249.75 [ 800+ 0.73(275) ]
h=

[
36000+ 5000(1.64) 2.54−0.12 1+ ( 1
1.64 )]
h=95.10 mm

For minimum slab thickness for α m ≥2.0 , h=90 mm

For minimum slab thickness using Eq. 9-12:
l n (800+0.73 fy) 5249.75 [ 800+0.73(275) ]
h= =
36000+ 9 000 β 36000+9 000(1.64 )
h=103.5 mm