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(DC- ddng ffAnTHTT sd 378,Thdng 12.2008) 15 T A M T H Lr C B 4 C H A I

Hing 12: gANTTNH, gAIToAN, NOrlrf,p, NgITrrJc,

NgoIi c6ch di6n nhu o chfr bon, c6 thd didn c6c thuAt DoNr HrJc, rn€r icH, euYr icH
ngfrkh5c, ching hannhu:
Hhng 13: LANGTRUXEN, cr,NcrnoNl-oN
Hlng 1: NnrpnAN, lnneru6, pnpprnu CHoPCUT Hhng 14: nNttrL.'creNc
Hdng 2: caNsnuvAN, rnucnoANs, cAupnUONc, Hdng 15: crArricurdirop, cnrzucucrmu,
crfNcuU6Nc
crANuoc pHANs6. ercuo& HTNHAT
Hing 3: TIACHEONHaU, pH6pTBOTHEO
Cicban sau dua ra duoc nhi6u thudt ngt:
H)ng4: odNcPHANc Vii Phaong Thiio, 10A1, THPT chuyOn Chu Vdn An, TP.
Hdng 5: o6roiNn, cANouNc, quvo6Nc Lang Son, Phan Dftc Minh,I0Al, THPI Th6i Phi0n, Hii
Phdng, VttThanhTing,ll To6n, THPTchuy0n Luong Vdn
Hing 6: e6N, coc Tuy, TP. Ninh Binh, Cil Huy Thi€n, llAl, THPT Nguy6n
Hdng 7: n01rr7, oaIs6, salsd, natAN, cstf,u Van Ti6i, LOc Hd, Hi Tinh, Nguy€nThiThanh Lan,17
Tidn NhAn Tdng, TX. KonTum, Kon Tum, Lang Vdn
Hdng 10: GOCNHON, OAUNHAN, LTENTUC, CUUNHAT,
Thdnh, Ti6n Kj', Tan K)', Ngh€ An, Phan L€, HodngVi€t,
rudn crB, HoAN noO,crANrIoc
10A1, THPIL€ H6ng Phong, Tdy Hba, Ph[ Y6n.
Hdng 1l : TRuoNcHUtJri, pUrtoNCCsdU, VANKHANH
rrrrrrrl
a--------

LL)
Mffi*
1) HdNam 213 (612
2)8t3
3)TPHd Chf Minh 2U3 (2s12 AL)

Nq/Yr{ilTl{ANqM 4)BdcGiang1613
HiiPhbnst4l3 (18/2 AL)
5)
tl 13 \21 12 AL)
6) Thanh H6a
Thdng Ba duong lich ld m6t trong nhfr'ng thdng 7)HaNoi U3(sl2AL)
c6 nhidu ngdy ki ni6m d6ng nh6, nhfrng lC h6i 8)2613.
tu&ng ni6m cdc anh hing c6 c6ng d6nh gidc, b6'o
vO vi xfly drrng dat nudc ta.

B4n hdy didn vdo cfc 0 chfr: tOn cira td chrlc, ho6c
t€n danh nhAn du-o. c t6n thd, hof,c dia phuong td
chrlc 16 hOi cing v6i chri thich ng6n gon (vd thdi
ki, c0ng tr?ng, ...), bidt rang c6c hdng til trOn
xudng dudi tuong rfng vd ten dnh, thenh ph6 vi
ngiry duong lich (Am lich) c6 le h6i.

AN MINH
 D{TA.IPHU
,q @ffiffifr,otrilt
4'
+ ffi@resffiffi LT EN HOANG
(Phong GD - DT H6ng L'inh, Hd Tinh)

-:----:---iE'r--ri

t Ldi gitii. Do a > b. c > clndrr t6n tai .r ) 0, )0

Bni todn ch.ung riin',rr,,.Uar: #[t tntt sao cho ct: b t r', c: r/+ -y. 61',; OU
_r,

(BDT) c6 di6u ki€n la rndr trong nhil.nu

dang iorin ttro ttruong gip ,r"rg ;;li:
a)(l) <+(6+x)r -i+cr>1x+ cy:
thi chon hoc sinh gioi lop 9 cilng nhu. Ki <+ 6r + 2bx + x2 - b2 t cl > 12 * 2cx * c2
thi vdo cdc lo'p l0 chuydn todn. Hoc sinh e Zx(b - c) ) 0 (dirng vi .r > 0. b2 c.).
gqp cdc dAng todn.ndy thu.ong lirng tring
kh6ng bi€t phei bit ddu ru d6u. eai uidili b) BDT (2) tu'o-ng du'ong v6'i
nd5, .trinh bdy phrrong ph6p doi bien vd (b + r)2 - - d >(x r-l)r
b2 + (d +- 1t12
dit dn phr; dd drra ve BDT don gidn hon. <> b2 + 2bx + ,' - bt + cl2 + 2d1,+ ),1 * cl2
Xirr moi c6c ban tharn khAo qua cdc thf
dp duuifit$ll;i-,...,.1111 i, ti ii,i!
) x2 + 2xy,4 ,,t
<+ br -i dy > xy. Mdt khric. ta co
b> c *b> d t ), =) br ) (r/+-r,)r'.., clx r{lr Z x-},.
* I'iri du l- Cho ha .yo thtrc a, h. c thod mdn YAry bx + dr-2x1'.
,tic;tr kien tr I h , c - l. ('hil'n,q ntinh rong
-.l
Tir d6 BDl'(2) rlrro-c chLi'ng minh. fl
tt:+h:*,,,>1. *'l'lri tlv 3. Cho a, b. c td cl6 rtdi bu c,crnh
3
ltl
I-i'igitii. Dit rr=--r. h:-+ l . ,,=l+:.
ctttt tttot lam gidc' thoci ntdn o + h + c =. 2.
J3l Cht1ng ntinh ring a2 +-b2 +- c,2 + 2uhc < 2 (l)
'l'rl'
4 I" c: I
b -f srry ra.r*tr*z:0. Khi do Lrii giiti
-l
dt +b: *c- )-
Tir giathi€tsuy raO < u< l. 0 <A < l, 0 <c < I.
-
-) Ddta:1-x.b: I-1,.r'= l- zvoi0 <x< I,
0<.y< l, 0< z<1.Doa* b t g :2 ndn
- i'.l)'- [, -i)'-,('-1J' -+ "r +_r + z : I. Khi d6 BDT ( l) tLr.o-ng dLro-ng v6i
) (l*x)2 + (l -:)'+ (t -z)2+2(l-.r)(t-_r)(l _ z)<2
<= .\'- +.1 - +:- +-(.r+)'+:)>0 e 3 - 2(x +.y + z) + r' -r ),' + r'
-)
<=>.rr + )'2 + z) > 0 (lu6n dfrng). Do d6 slry ra +2(l - (x+.y rz)1x-v- l1,2+zx_ xttz)<2
dpcm. fl e3-2.1 +rr +'_l,r+ i r21l- I + x),t .vz
*l.tri dtt 2" Cho bin sd thqrc o, b, c, tl tholt *xz-\)z)< 2(Vir+-y f :: I)
mdn u >- h 2 c'2 d > 0. C'hmg minh ctic. bat <+ (r' + y' t- .: + 2ry, 1- 2yz + 2xz) * 2x1,2 < 1

ddng thtrc .sau: <+ (-t t- ), + z)2 - 2xyz < I

a)ct2-h2+i 2(o- b+cf (l) e I - 2xyz < I e 2ryz> 0 (hi0n nhien).

*
b) u2 -- b) + c.1 - ct >et b +, - r[)t (2) (l)
Do 116 BDT dLlo-c chfing nrirrh. I

So
_
^: 5at_(5-eooe)- TSnIS
a
H0(
6trudig6 1
 * f'ni du 1. Cho a > b >0. Chtlrng minh rling 2xyz 20 (dox 2 0,y 2 0.
DIn den ]1**r-r;=
Jo'-ti *Jz"o-t; ,o (l ) 2
z)0), suyrav+y-z>0 (3)
Ldi gidi. Do a > b > 0 n6n df;i a :& + x (x > 0).
Khi d6 BDT (l) tu'ong duong v6i M[t kh6c BDT (2) tuong duong v6i
I *,ti1o * r1u-x (t \t (t \'(t
l-+-rl +l-+r'l +l --; \t.:
l >-
ilh*-), -/l > b+ x
[z ) (2') \2 ) q
<)x+y-z+xt +yt +z: >0
MAt kh6c, do a, b, x ld c6c s6 duo-ng n€n (hi6n nhi6n dirng theo (3) vd x2 +y'+22>0).
I

'[2bx*7 >t[7 =* ue Jzu**ot >'[F =b.

l,
Trtrdng t qp 2. Mdt s,5 l6'n hoac bing 6ui
Cdng theo vti hai BDT tr6n ta c6
,[ur** *tEi*n'>b+x (dpcrn). tr s6 cort lai bd hon hoac |. giu
bing"2- ,fL

0) !.trrI...l.
*Thi tlq 5. L'ho cdc s6 thuc a, b, c thu6c 222
khodng (0 ; l) thoa ntdn
abc:(l -a)(l -b)(l -c) (l) ,2 -
Ddla:
I
-22L -y.c: I
+x. b: -:.rrorrg

Ch{rng minh rdng d +b|*"t >] (2) cl6 o<x<l . o< ,.1 . o<r.l .

2"22
,.i Khi d6 bi6n ddi tuong duong (I) ta duoc
Loi giai. lu'gra thtet ta suy ra:
. N6u cir ba s6 a, b, c clAu lon hon I thi
-x+Y+z=4xYZ.
Suy ra -x*! + z - 4xyz : 2y.2xz < Z.l.Z*,
ohr' lcdn (l - a) tt-6) (l -c) < 1.,.'nu"* 2
88 (do0< y. !).r' t r= <rt I y: I z: (4)
thoi mdn (1). 2
. N6u cA ba s6 ct, b, c d6u b6 hcvn I2 thi Lai c6, BDT (2) tuong duo-ng v6i

abc <-
I
con (l - a) (l h) t t -.), l.8 khong (l*,)' *( L-,)' *[l-,)' rf
tho6 mdn
8
(l). \z ) \z') [2 ) 4
<> x2 + y2 +r'+ (x - y - z) > 0 (h i6n nhi€n
Vdy trong ba s6 a, b, c co hai khA ndng sau. theo (4)).
Trrdng h.o'p I l.
Hai s6 l6'n hon hoac bing,2, Vay BDT (2) dugc ch0'ng rninh. E
*'fni dV 6. Cho cac s6 a, b, c thoa mtin
so con lai be hon hoac
"2f
bing , gie
- s0 lr>-4;b>5;c>6
lll
u2-.h>-.s1-.
{
la1 +b2 +cr =90.
222 Ch*ng minh riing a+b+c>16.
'222 *r,
Ddta:l b : + + y, c: I - z,vons
Ldi gidi. Dii- a : 4 + x, b : 5 + y, c : 6 + z.
do o<r<l: o< y.1, o.r.l. rcni oo Tir giA thitit suy ra x ) 0,.y >_0, z ,> 0. Ta giA
222 su' nguoc lai a + b + c < I6, d6n d6n
(\ r /) e
H []*.)l-l-n,Y1-,)=r)--,Yl-,Y
')-\z 1*,)
') x*Y*z<1.
[z ^J[z'' )\z' ^
)\z )\z
(Xem tidp rang j0)

2 tcfudi$@
TORN HQC
 ld; c-JiJ DSuHT vAo $pr o cu uy6^r roAru
MwWMMWWffiDmpw,MMmmimr
n"AM +lOC 2oag-2o09
(D,6 thi dd ddng tren TtiTT s6 38A, thdng 2 ndm 20Ag)
Ciu l. Oat fi".-+Sr+f Z :r: J?*r, +L*2:, a(l-a)3
(er +1- c)2 |

(.l,
.

(u+v=x+5
Tacorr20.r'20va l
-r'::2(.r+5).
T>21 t -l r--.
Ir.r]
Til'do suv ra u2 -,' :2(u + v) "
Strvra
l,,l 13
<>(r+r')(zr-v-2):0
eu'- r':0hodc u-N-2:0.
(+)
) ...
L,n: i. dar dtroc khi u: | - u e o: -
I
. V6i lr * 1, : g => u : r, : 0 (do tt2 0,r, ) V{1'
32
.
0).
Khcine ton tai x thoA rn5n u: y: 0.
Cflu 4. 1) Ducrng tron (1) ndi ti6p L,4UD co
= u =v*2,taco
o V6i rr -y -2:0 F e AB, N e BC'td hai ti6p di6m; duong tron
!'5rr +5x+D ='[2*' +3r +2 +2 .
(rO nQi fiep LACD ti6p xirc vdi BC' tai P;
Binh phuong hai vti rdi rirt gon ta duoc dudng trdn (O) bdng ti6p goc A cla LABD co
G e AB, H e BC'ld hai ti6p di6m; du'crng tron
vSr.] .3)=F 2 -'n3
2
. (.9) bdng ti6p g6c A cira LACD ti6p xLic v6i
BC tai E. Ke hai du'dng kinh Mll vit PQ cua
V6'i di€u ki0n .r 2 -3. binh phLLong hai vd 16i du'ong trdn (1) vd du'd'ng trdn ((] (h. 1).
rfrt gon ta du'o-c

7i+6x* l:0er::-l hoacr:

' ]7'ltnoarnany.
Vay PT dd cho co hai nghi€rn "l
(rl
e (-l: -r.
I t)
CAu 2. Do I vd B c6 t6ng c6c chil sO Uing
nhau n6n A vd B c6 cirrrg sd dLr khi chia cho 9.
SuyralA-Bl: Ill' I :9en i9.Vi reN-
, eliu sti I

nen ei6 tri nho nhdt c6 th6 cua n ld 9.

Mot cdp s6 tu'nhi6n A, B thoh, mdn ld
A :9012345678; B: 8901 234567.

Ciu 3. Taco T= 't +l*l-u +l- 2

2*u l+a Ilinh I
22(3\ :') ! Ta co MIV ll QI' QI). suy ra MQ ll NP
vit MN ==

2-u l+u ' 'ltZ-r)(t+a) ')

I I
=-!--')
Lai c6 IF llOG (cirng vu6rrg g6c v6'i AB) n€n
/ 1 \ /r \
=zl=-j- rl=z[i-,1: t(vi o<rr< 11.
AI IF llvl
[ 2+rl l-cr) ) \2 ) AO OG OH
VQy 7lno,: l, dat duoc
-_ khi vd chi khi a:0 Tn'd6y vd do IM ll OH suy ra A, M, H thing
hoac a: l. IM AM
I\ (l)
Mdt khiic, 6p dung BET Cauchy ta c6 * va OH AH
nang ,tf

rejelsieeLi$#BE 6
 NAM HOC 2008-2009
lThdi gion ldm bdi: 150 phlfl
Ciu 1 (1.5 didfi. Cho ar, o2. .... ttzuot, anosld l) Tr0n canh BC l6y di6m H sao cho C'H: BD'
2008 s6 thuc thoA mdn Ch['ng niinh ba di6m l, K, Flthing hdng.
2k+1 2) K6 tiep uydn d2 vd rt cua duong trdn (1; r)
at =*, voi k:1,2.3,...,2008.
(rt + tr)- sao cho r/2 song song v6i AC, con r/3 song
song v6i B('. Cqi P vd Q lAn lu'or lh giao
Tinh t6ng Szoos : a1 t a2 * a3 * ... + o2ooi I a1os.
diei cua r13 v6'i c6c canh BC. vd lC. Cid sir
Ciu2 (2 diam) tam giSc ABC co d0 dai ba canh thay ddi sao
l) Gi6i phuong trinh (x2 - 4)2 + x:4. cho chu vi cua n6 bang 2p khong d6i. IJdy
2) Giai hQ phuong trinh tim gi6 tri l6n nh6t crha t6ng EF + MN + PQ
l3xY-'r-Y=3
I
CAu 5. (2 di€m)
\3Y:-Y-z=13 l) Cho a, b ld c6c s6 thrrc ducrng thoA mdn
I
.)1
l3zx-z-x=5. a+ b: l. Chilng rninh rdng -1+ >14 .

Ciu 3 (1.5 di/@. Chofix) ld mdt da thilc bgc oD u- +D-

ba c6 hC s6 nguy6n. Chfi'ng rninh rdng ndu
/(x) nh6n 3-J, ld rn6t nghi6m thi lx) cirng
c6 nghiOm lit 3+",[i .
C6u 4 Q diAm). Cho tam gi6c ABC'ngoai ti6p
duo'ng trdn (1; r). Kd tiep tuyen dr cia cludng
tron (1 ; r) sao cho dr s"ong song v6i BC. Goi
E. F ldn luort ld giao diern.cua r/1 v6i c6c canh
AB vit AC. Goi D vd K ldn lu'ot ld tiep di6m
ctia dudng tron (1; r) v6'i BC vd dr.
2) Trdn bAng ghi 2008 d6u cdng vA- 2009 dt',u
trir. M6i lAn thrrc hi€n ta xod di hai dAu vd
thay bcri d6u cQng.n6u hai d6Lr bi xo6 cirng
loai vir thay boii i6, tru'. n6u hai dALr bi xol
kh6c toai. Hoi sau 40l6lAn thuc hi6n nhLr vAy
tren bAng con dAu gi?
NCUYEN THANI_I CIANG
(GV THPT chuYen Htrng YAn)
gi6'i thigu

1j Chfing minh tuo-ng tu'ta c6 A, 8, E thlng oKhi D=Cthi E=C=I=C.

' KQ AQ
narlg va
,1\ 'Khi D:Bthi E=O=l=M(M lAtrung
\Lt
SE= AE di6rn canh BC). ! ..
AM AO (J) Vay / thuoc doan thdng c6 dinh (-M.
.

Met kh6c, do MQ ll BC' n€n =; phan dao.GiA sLi, 1, ld rn6t c1i6m b6t ki tr€n doan
*
ri (r), (2) vd (3) suy ra oH: ^sE (dpcm) :??:t,t;%..niffi%'i",I;J,1ix;ij:; T:if''
,^ 2)(h'2) -----:. ==--: 1 :-,- :45" (l)
\"'-J I

EL'I' :45"
-,

-:.
^

thuqn CEI' = CDE=-CI'E

I =^ :45"z
Phdn
Do DeB(' nen Mat khdc. CDA:-COA (2)
r^
CDA=^('OA:45". Tir(l)
' "'\'/ vd
'' (2)
\-/ "-'r 6 A, E. D tlirrg 5drrg. do d6
2 =,,y -*
t:"'l (l' o'."",* t':1 ti€p Lc D.E
o ),
lJ Mar 1ln 1::"*
k-h6c. D
"^*'":::'"
.:-::' - .. '^"
"tou'.
n6n cti=z1iE V0y qu} tich tim 1c[ra ducrng trdn ngoai ti€p
t

Hinh 2 m gi5c L-DE ld doan thang CM'

^: 90o.
:
Suv ra ECI = 45" oCB . Khi d6 ta th6v I NGUYEN DUC TAN
il.lio."aJui'cB. (rP. H6 chi Minh) gi6ithiQu'

4 ';+,riii[I
TOAN H9C sd 581 (5-2ooe)
 BAN DOC
ru6c hdt chring ta nh6c lai m6t kdt qui
dep trong hinh hoc phing
Onai to6n 1. (Dudng rhdng Simson)
Gqi Q, H, K tlrco tlnt ru ld chdn cdc dtdng
vtr\rtg g6c ha ti didm P t€n drdng trdn ngoai
ri€p ram gidc ABC d€h cdc canh AB, AC, BC.
Khi d6 ba diA'm Q, H, K fidng hcing.
Ldi giAi bdi to6n niy dd c6 trong nhi6u tli
liOu. Tuy nhiOn vdi kdt cdu hohn mi cira c6c
yeu t6 hinh hoc trong d6 dI kich thich chring
tdi tim den cOi ngudn ciia ciic moi li6n kdt d6.
Xin gidi thi6u cilng ban doc.
Onei lriin 2. Gid srlr ctidm P ndm ngodi tam
giitc ABC, nhrng khdng ndm trong phAn 961
ddi dinh ct)a cdc g6c A, B,C cila tam gidc d6.
Cdc didm Q, H, K rheo thu tu ndm rr|n cdc
drhg ttdng AB, AC, BC sao clrc mdi bd bbh didm
(P, Q, A,l{); (P, H, K,C), (P, Q, B, [() nitm tr€n
md dtrdngn'dn. Khi aolfu+fri::@+Fk.
Ini sitii. (h. 1). Tu gii thidt ta c6 Qfir = jZP ,
n€n QHP =180o -BAP vd, PIIK=180-PCB.
Suy ra frc*Fc=@*Ffu (tdng c6c g6c
trong cua tri giric ABCP bang 360") (dpcm).
NhQn xdt. o Tt
quA bii todn 2 ta thay
khi P nam tr6n cung
AC kh6ng chfa B cua
cluong trdn (O) ngoai
tiep LABC thi
ABC+APC=I&U
fu *Fik =180,
Til d6 ba didm Q, K,
H thing hdng. Ta goi
u,I$rs rrrflNc stfiisoil
?r,ee rW
PHAM THINH
(GV truong THPT Song ng? VAng Tdu,
Ba Ria - Vfing Titu)
dudng thing di qua Q, K, H niry ld dttdng
thting Simson md rbng cria tam gidc ABC ftng
vdi didm P vd g6c FnA
o Ta c6 mdnh dd dio cira bii to6n 2:
Trl m6t didm P ndm ngodi LABC nhung khdng
ndm trong phdn gdc d6'i dinh cila cdc g6c A,
B, C, ta kd cdc tia theo tht nr cil AB, BC, CA
tai Q, K, H sao cho mdi bb b6'n didm (P, Q, A,
H); (P, H, K, C); (P, Q, B, K) cting niim tr€n
mil dadng trbn. N€u Q, H, K fudng hdng thi
P ndm tr1n dtdng n'dn ngoai ti1p mm gidc ABC.
Tiep tuc khai th6c tfnh chat cluong thing
Simson md r6ng vho trl gi6c n6i tiep, chring
t6i thu duoc m6t kdt qui khri dep sau dAy.
Snai to6n 3. Cho ir gidc ABCD n6i ti€p
drdng trbn (O). Ti m\t didm M tu vd sdu
drdng thdng theo tht nr cdt citc dtdng thdng
AB, BC, CD, DA, AC, BD rqi P, Q, R, H, K,T
sao cho m6i bb ndm didm (M, A, H, P, n;
(M, B, P,T,Q); (M, C, R,K,Q); (M, D, R, H,T)
ndm tr1n m6t dtdng trdn. Khi d6
{ NAit M ndm tAn dtdng trdn (O) thi m6i bd
ba diilm (P,7, ril; $ Q, R); (P, Q, A; @, K, R)
ctirtg ndm tr€n mbt dudng thdng, ldn txot lii
dtdng thdng Simson md rdng cria didm M d6'i
kdt vdi citc tam gidc ABD, BCD, ABC, ADC (h.2).
b) N€it M khbng ndm tr€n dtdng trdn (O) vii
khbng ndm trong phdn g6c ddi dinh cia cdc
g6c trong cia t{t gidc ABCD thi cdc dtdng
thCing MP, MT, MH theo thir trr cdr cdc dtdng
do thdng QK, QR, KR theo ba didm ct)ing ndm
nOn tr\n m1t dtdng thiing (dudng thdng Simson
.
md rbng cia didm M d6'i vdi tam gidc KQR).
(Ap dung bdi to6n 2 ta c6lbi giii bai to6n 3).
(Xem ilAp trang l5)
5
I
f1 io'i lran fu r'o sd cl|' .rav clttrtg ciic kluii niinr
I
Chudn U lJ tiA,, tu(' \'it clart hc'trtr cL)u hcim so'. Bdi t'i\t
cho lri lhi rritv gitip c'dc burt lt| tlt(t'ttg lai cic drtrtg tolrn t'0
I
gilti lrun t'ii t'dL- kl nang gitii cdc cluttg todn tl6
t6t nshi0p IHPI tt'otrg, c'lttottg tt'irir todrt ph6' tlnng, chui'tr bi
va thi vio c'ho t-iic ki thi to't nghi€p'I-IIPT, thi tuyetr sirtlr
I
Oai hgc vtio r'ltc trtiiltg Dui hor', Cuo tlang.

NGUY
ki hiOu ld/'(.r,,).

r Gidi han
. ti,, /(') , trong c16 flr) vh g(r)
._., g(x)
cirng ddn tdi 0 khi .r tien t6i a, duo. c goi lh gidi

han dang 9. ,r, Ih gi6i han thudng gap nhat

0
trong chuong trinh phei th6ng.
Q xne. lai Ii thuyet
o V6i x lh s6 thuc, ta c6 @ Ca, dang to6n thudng gap
tin' rl ti* '' -l =l: *Thi du 1. Tint gi(ti hatt
rin,, =
.rr0 ;g ,r+0 X
I cosxcos2x
ln(l+x)
t '=l; l\' lr = lim -
lim ri* [r +- | =e r )0 .t-
.r-+0 X x) Loi gidi. Su dung c6ng thric (x), ta c6
(l-cosx
Hai gidi han co biLn hay duo. c su dung le
/-, =
' liml-*coS.Y.- l-cos2r) |

.. sin ax "o( ]'l .rl )

Itm-
.r+0
= I Va
OX | ,t -r
.. I
llm---cosax -
u..1 oe R,a+0
, (*)
222
r.'>o x2 2
Luu y. Bang crlch tuong tu, de dhng chring
Ket qui (*) suy ra tir minh duo. c cdc ket qui sau

zrin, [9') Iim

1 - cosaxcosbr a) + b7
,. l-cosllx ,:-- \2) r+0 x2
Irrri_ = lilTt-
r+0 x2r+0 X2 .. I - cosxcos 2x...cosnx 12 +22 +...+ n2
tlltl-
( crx\
, r]
.r+0 x2
lsrn I
a2
lirnlI 1l a2 n(n +l)(2n +l)
=
r-o| ax' I

22
!=

l2
[r)
\z/
I

6 ';*i,}i[a
TOAN H9C
sa m, o-roort
*Thi du 2. 7'im Silri 11u,, Lai c6
,. C.o. t-cosJ r _ COS 2X ln(l+r)
,. ln (l + sin 2x) = l[6-J------1
Lt 3 ltm- illn
,r+0 r+0 Sin 2x = 1-
x2 r+0 t
Loi gitii. Bien deii
vdi t = sin 2x vd Ittn-=lnen
.. sin 2x
(ue",r eosrr _l I_cos2x\ -r+0 2X
Lr : lilTt +-
,,)\ Lt=l.l=1.;1
|

,, jrl )
coslr _l
Ia
acosr
co ltrn_ Luu y.Ifti g4p gi6i han 9oun, _
_:...o L=1i^lnf(x) .
.r-+0 y2 i.,o g(x)
( Cr,tt-uo'r.r -I trong nhi6u trudng ho. p ta c6 tho bien dcii nhu
.. COSX-COS3X\
lrrhl | sau:
-
,-o\cosx-cos3x ) -r.l
I=lim ln(l+/(x)-l) flx)-t ,. f(x)-l
,. c,.,,r.eosr.r _ | ( | _cos3,r I _cosx)
:itii'i-=.--.r_
r+o J @)-1 g(x) r +o e@)
'-0 COS.r - coS 3x ( ,, xl )
- *Thi du 4.Tim gicti han
c(r5r-cosl.r _l,. c,, _l
Latco ilnt.--_llm_:1.
I +0 COS,1
- COS 3X / )0 t L,=,rirn(#).
vdi r = cosx-cos3x vd theo (*) c6
Loi gidi. Ta c6
.. (t-cos3x l-cosx\ 3r
Irml-- - (,* ' 'l'.
12
l--- -4. rr = lim f I!)'= lim
"u\x-x:)22 .-."\x+l/ L*r-\ x+l)
1- tot2'
li,r-, 2 =
t+0 .f l
.
Di, -2-= 1,
'x+l1 ,u c6 x=Z-l; ir,++€o€)/-+-rro.
Dod6 Lt=4+2=6.4
Lua y.Lem tudng tu nhu h'en, ta thay
, =,,s(,.j) =,u[(,.j)]'(,*1) =,, o
lim
cos ax - cos &x b2.* a2
r+0 x2 Lru y. Khi tim gidi han dang r= rir*flt'i)"
ncoscr cosht _COSCX b2 _o2 c2 '* [g(x)/
lirn
r+0 x2 1 '',t
trong do lirn /(x) = l. ta l)m nhu sau:
'-*'g(x)
*Thi du 3.Tim gicri lrart
Sudung ph6p cldi bien so rhoa m6n 'fl') =1*!.
I - .r+0
Iim_ ln(sinx+cosx) s(x) t
X khi d6 n -+ +co c) / -) +co; dua vd gidi han
Loi gitii. Ta co 1)'
co bd:n ti,, Il + = , .

ln(sinx+cosx) r*_c\ t)
Lr=lim
' .r+0 '
Jf
*Thi du 5.Tim gidi han
,.._ ln (sin * + cos *)'
= lll'11-
.r+0 2X
z, = li,, (Vrt +rr'-.6'? -x+l)
Ldi gitii.Ta co
= ti*[ tn (t + sin 2x) .-t.sin 2x )
,-O ( sin 2x 2x) z, = ri," ((V,, + 3r, -,) - (fi, -, il - "))

. TO6ru ngc
[6, 7
I
I
Xdt cdc gi6i han: *T"hi du 6.'l'int ilt (l(j ltl!t?t.r'r) .rrlr lictt tttt [(t!
I
iit'm .v = l'.

lim
)x'
1, = / 1 11 =
Y-r-__r:
.r'l
{:.i klti s ,t I

'-*- il(r, +3*r)' + rVr, + 3r, + r, tll Airi .r .,, i

I

Loi gitii. X6t gidihan

I

Irrnl(x)-lrm {;1 * Jz* -t

"
.r+l .r+l X-l
*) B= Ll, (Jr, -; - r; .. ({r-z*t r- Jx-l-r)
lilTit
4
= t= -.
rrr( x-l x-l ) 3

(vl
llx a +t
' llm
1

I_re 2
r+l X-l
+l x-l
Do c16 Ls: A-, =).O
Luu y.Giri su P(x) ln m6t da thfc bdc n, ta
z(x -t)
quy udc coi bac cia dF@ h L.
,,,nffi-'=,,,,
i;i x_l ,;i(x_r)(Jzx_l+r) = I ).
m

1) Dd tim gi6i han ri* /!*] , trons d6l(x), Do d6 him sd li0n tuc tai didm,r = I khi vh
.r-+- g(x)
g(.{) h cdc da thrlc hoac c6n cira da thrlc ta
chi khi
fg/tx) = -f(t) a m =!. A

f (*) -G')
Luu y.Dd tirn gi6i han 1=,,n,,if(')
lim -f @) = ;it
lhm nhu sau: vidt--,-i; lim ',"=,' x).t x-a
g(x) S(x)
trong d5 1F1r1=@=M,talhm nhu sau:
trong d6 a lI bAc cao nhdt trong/(x) raftri.
Tiep theo tim x++a ,,* s(x)
,,* '/(I) ,, x++@ , il) d6 Ta viet, =rr^( {fG) - *. M -Js(,) )
Xa Xa ..-,,[. x_a x_a )
suy ra ket qui cdn tim.
Tim tirng gi6i han
2) Dd tirn gidi han
1r*1[.f
G) - u, t*y__G@_
t= m({d* +u* +o+a -Jdx'1 +rw+n) x+a x-a .Y-d x-a
.

rdi suy ra kdt quA cdn t)m.

ta bidn ddi nhu sau: kL'U tlu 7. !ii:it rlr.rtt lt,)ttt lritnt .tii sut! tL.! i

lim (11;U
I = .r-+- + hx') + cx + d - ax\ ,1r,:ir; t = (l
\ I .",,' .t
{ - l
kl,! .t r t]
- l:tm (J;\' + mr, + n - o*) ; r - /(.\) \

[*, /rrri i -t]

sau d6 tinh timg gidi han.
(Xem ri€p trang l5)

g TORN
'; i.IQC
+iroiEa s6 58r (5-rU9)
 TfrlddAMffiffi DI' SO 3
(Tlfii gian lt)m bdi: 180 phfir)
[. Irl{,\N ('HUN(; II. PHAN RIIjNG (Thi sinh chi ldnt ntot
Cau I (2 die'mt trong hai plfin)
(2m -1)x- nt) THEO CHTJONG TRLNH CIIUiN
Cho hitm so 1,: (1)
x-l CAu 6a (2 diem)
(nr li tharn so).
1) Trong kh6ng gian v6i h€ toa d6 O-r1,: cho
1) Khtio siit su bieh thien vd vE dd thi (C) cua mp(P) c6 phuong tr)nh -r + _y + z + 3 = 0; dumg
h)m so (1) ung t'6t m = -1.
thing r/ c5 phuong trinr, 'll = t' -2
:i vir
2) 1lm iir d0 d6 thi h)m so (l) tiip xric vdi l-2 I

duong thang r' = -r.

cdc di€m A(3 : l ; l): B(7 ; 3 ; 9)l C(2 .2 ,2).
a) Viet phuong trinh mat phing (0) chria
(lnu 2 Q tlient)
dudng thing ri r,I song song v6i mp(P).
l) Giai phuo'ng tr'inh b) Tin-r toa dO diem M thu6c mp(P) sao cho
*9 : )LA+2 UE + IUC I nho nhat.
log'(.r(r +9))+ logl't 0.
r 2) Cho dudng trbn (C): "rr +-),r -6x-2v+1=0.
2) Gidi he phuctng trinh Viet phuong xinh duong thang r1 cli qua M(0,2)
L , 1.r'
l.rt*.)'t+ -'t' -l
vd c6t (C) theo m6t dAy cung c5 dO dii / = 4.

Ilr- t*l CAu 7a (I didm)

Chfng minh rang vdi moi so tu nhien n (vdi
I.i.r''t=.r--l'.
\v
tt> 2),tac6 n"(n-2)" t >(zl-l):t"-tt.
Cau 3 (1 lii'rtr)
THEO CHUOING TRiNH NANG CAO
ln(l + x2 )
1) Tim gic-ri han Z : linr CAu 6b (2 didm)
t r(rC ,-t:
-Vl+x2' 1) TLong kh6ng gian vdi h0 toa d6 Otr,: cho
sin x dx m4t phang (u) c6 phuong tdnh: 3x +2-y -: + 4 =0
2t'finh tich phAn I vh hai diem l(4;0;0) v) 8(0;4;0). Goi / l)
,j (sin x + cos x)3
trung didm ciia doan thing AB. 'l'im toa d6
Cnu 4 (l tliint) giao didm cua dudng thing AB vdi mit phing
Cho hinh ch6p cut tam giiic ddu ngoai tiep (a) vb x6c dinh toa d6 diem K sao cho K1
mOt h)nh ciiu bdn kfnh l cho trucic. Tinh th€ vudng g6c r,6i rnat phing (a), cldng thdi K
tich hinh ch5p cut, biet rang canh ddy ldn gap ciich ddu goc toa d6 O vh mIt phAng (a).
doi canh driy nho.
2) Cho elip (E) c6 phuong trlnn
- !r00+ |2s =t .

Cnu 5 ( rlii'nt\ Tim c6c didm M thu6c (E) nhin hai ti6u didm
f yl
-i- - I
cua elip (E) du6i mOt g6c 120".
Cho phucrng trinlr = Jl.r -l + mx
V2.r - I
CAu 7b (l didm)
1r,oi rr lir tham so).
Chring minh r[ng vdi moi so tu nhiOn n (vdi
Tim rr d0 phuong trinh da cho c6 nghidm duy n>2),tac6 lf n >ln(n-1).ln(n+l).
nhAt.
NUUYt.N VAN THONG
(C : THPT chuyitt Li Qu! Din, Dii Ntitrg\

t.ffir,r-m.r, ]?ffiffi g
I

chu da nOruc uEru NoAV cruEu

I
NGUYEN VAN THUAN
(GV truang DHSP Hd Noi)

rong cdu trdc d6 thi tuydn sinh Dai hoc *Thi du 2. Ddr vc)o hai dtilr doan R, L, C
- Cao ding nam 2009 cila Bd Gi6o duc khbng phdn nhir th m\t hi€u di?n thd' xoalt
vh Dho tao vd m6n VAt li, phAn chung
c llt eil Lr: Uosinat thi ding di(n trong maclt lci
cho tat ci thi sinh vd chu d6 Ddng di0n xoay / _\
. I /L
chidu c6 9 cAu tr6c nghiOm. N6i dung kiSn I

i=1os rnl a)t + -- l. Doun muclt tli1rr trity lu1n

thrlc chu dd ndy g6m: Dai cuong v6 dbng diOn \, 6/
xoay chidu; Doan mach di6n xoay chidu c6 R, ludn c'6
L, C vi R, L, C mic noi tiepl C6ng huong A.Zr= [1. 8.21, = 2, .

diOn; Cdng suat ddng di€n xoay chidu; He so D.ZL<2,.

c.zL> z(.
c6ng sudt; Mriy bien 6p; 1)'uy6n tiii di6n nang;
M6y phrlt di0n xoay chidu; DOng co kh6ng Hu6'ng ddn. Theo de b}li thi i sdm pha hon rr
dting bo ba pha. n6n doan mach c5 tinh dung khirng, nghia ld
Zt < Zr'
Du6i dAy lh mot so thf du tric nghiOm d6i r'6i
Chon D. C
chu dd niry.

*Th( du l. Ddng di€n clruy clua ntbt doan *Thi du 3. Ddr ltilu tli€tr rh€' reDlf2sinl0rr04
much cd bieu thfi'c i : 1o sinl00nr . Trong lin hai dtiu ntdt dotn muclt g6m diirt trri
thudn R = 30O , cuirt clay tlutiirt ctim cd dA fi.t
khocirrg rhdi giart ti 0s tl|h 0,01s, ardng di
dintg didn tfi'c thdi cd giit tt'i biirLg 0,51,, viio ccim L=
o'0, 'td antpe ke'nttit: no'i tio'p. Biai
tirimg thd'i tli€'nt lf
lrua-?-r.
A.500 B. lru),4r.
ampe k0' c(., di€n tt'ti nhd khdng dting ki'. SA'
chi cila ampe k0'lci
500 300 300
c. -L, ,,), -5-.. D. I .r,e 3 r. A.2,sA. 8.2,0A.
600 600 400 400
Hudng ddn. Ta c6 2L = aL -l00r.E = 40(fi)
Hudng ddn.'la c6 0,51e = 1o sin I 00nr 1l

sinl00nt = 0,5 hay l00nr = LtL +2kx

z: JR, + z":: J30, + 40'? = 5o(e), suy ra
= 23
.

125
1 =! = 2,5t A).
Do c16 ta rdr ra r= 3 t 2 +0,02k vdi 250 =
600 600 Chon A. fl
ft = 0,+1,12,...
*Thi du 4. Ddt vdo hoi tldrt doan mach R,
Voi t =0thl t=t-=3-2 = 115; vd L, C khdng phdn nltinh mbt hiiu di|n rh€'
600 600 / *\
u=220J2cosl r,.rl-llrv) tli ctk'tng dtj
t: t+ ='-!? =4tr,. \ 2)
600 600
Chon C. tr ddng di|n qua doan mach cd bidu tln'tc

TOAN HQC
x$' - uii*ift&-:e aj115lj9?)
 / -\ CAU 2. Dat hi6u diOn the y ==(l11sinrr.,r vdo hai
\ -a4/
i - 2J2cosl ltA.l.
1,-,r Cdng suiiT ridu rhu
ddu doan mach R, t, C kh6ng phAn nhiinh.
cila rloatt mctch nt)y ki Biet dO tu cAm v) di6n dung duoc giir kh6ng
ddi. Dieu chinh tri sd diOn rrd R d€i c6ng suat
I A. W.
220 B. 22oJ;w. tiOu thu cria doan mach dat cuc dai. Khi dd he
so c6ng suat cua doan mach bang
c. 380 w. D. 380J, w. j;
Ht6'ng dan, C6ng suat P= Ulcostp vdi ')

1T 7t 7l
Cnu 3. M6t mdy bien the c6 so vdng cua
Q-Q,,-Q =
24 4 cudn so cap li 5000 vh thri cap la 1000. Bo
_\ / qua moi hao phi cia mdy bidn the. Dit viro
V4y P =)20.2 cosl - 1 l= z:oJz twr.
( 4i hai dAu cu6n sd cap hiOu diOn the xoay chidu
I
Chon B. D c6 9\'6, tri hi6u dung 100V thi hiOu di6n the
hi0u dung o hai ddu cu6n thir cdp khi dd ho c5
*Thi du 5. Mdt ntdr- bi€it th1'cri cu6n sct cap gi6 rri la
1000 r'drg di),- tltrtc mcic vdo mang di€n xoay
cltiitt cri hi1u tli|n rh|' hi€u dryng 220Y. Khi A.20V. 8.40V. C.70V. D. 100V.
d6 hieu tliltr tlft'lti€u clryng rt hai ddu crtOn tht? CAU 4. Cho doan mach di€n xoay chi6u gdm
c'i'p lti -18rlv. Bd clrtct moi lruo phi cila nfiy cu6n ddy mac noi tiep viii tu di6n. Dd l6ch
bi0h tlrc'.5d'r'r)rig cltiy r-tict cuin thft'cap ld pha ciia hi6u di6n the gifra hai ddu cu6n dAy

D. 2500. so r,6i cudng d6 ddng dien trong mach lI {l .

Ilt IJ. Hi0u di6n the hi6u dung gifra hai ddu tu diOn
Ilto'ng dan.'la c6 cong thric
llt ut bang .,,6 ldn hi6u cli6n the hiOu dung gifra hai
[J. ]8-+
=nt "'--.-.1000 - 2200
ddu cuOn day. Dd l0ch pha cua hi6u di6n the
- - Lt,
..> tt)
220
.
giira hai dliu cu6n dAy so r,6i hi6u di0n the
Chon C. 3 gifra hai ddu doan mach trOn Ih

c{# A.
,I
2
8.,
J
C. ::)-
J
p. -rJ
Dtrti tlrit' lti n't(tt s6' r'i)rt tt'iic nghi€m t'd clut tld
Ddng diin xoay chi,A'u, ctic bart fi.r ldm. CAu 5. Mdt doan mach R, l, C kh6ng phAn
nh6nh gdm di6n trd thudn 1000, cudn dAy
Cau l. Dar veo hai ddu doan mach di6n R, L,
C khong phAn nhiinh mot hieu diOn the xoay thudn ciim c6 h0 sd tu cim lH ua tu di6n co
chidu c6 tiin so 50H2. Biet diOn tro thudn lt
diOn dung C thay dcii duoc. Dat vdo hai ddu
R = 25f2. cu6n dAy thuiin cim cd t.=!n. cloan mach hiOu cliOn th€ Lr=200Jisinl00m(V).
lt
Od hieu dien the o hai ddu doan mach tre pha Thay dfii di€n dung C cua tu dien cho den khi
hi6u di6n the gita hai ddu cu6n dAy dat gi6 tri
1ta so voi cuong clo ddng cliOn thi dung kh6ng cuc dai. Gi6 tri cuc dai d6 bang
a
cua tu di6n Id A. roo Jiv. 8.200v.
A. 175f). B. 125f2. C. 100f2. D. 150f). c.220 Jzv. D.220Y .

iltip tiu ki trs:d't (i"llT'i'so'iBrr/, thitrtg 2 rzti.nt 2CI{}g)

::-Is-sree? -l?*##ffi $n
 hrnng plrcip ltr.trtg,qiic hrlu tti tlr('ti1t tltrtt,q tll uitii trlrittrr
dung btii totitt dui si'vt) gitii tlclr kltdt rthurr nlrLt; ,4itir
plttrtttg tt.inh, lra l)lttktttg lt'irrlt, titn ttritirr g,iti lri t titr ltirrt -stt,
chittg nrinh bd't tltittg thil'r', tittt giti tri lritt trlrti't t'it ttltri trlrti't tLiLt
hdm si'luttit'ctic bii'tr tlrti'c tlui sA'... N(ti tlturg ctiu pltttrrttg plrilt lir
tirrt t'titlr d():i bieh ltqrng g,itit' plri ltttp t'cti t'tjtr t'tiit vti gii tlrili t riLt
bdi tcttitt de'tltu nril bi['rr tltfit Llui sd'lrtttic rrrr.;t lrittr.ti'tlui ':ri
phLn lttlt t'Li trt()t bi['rt thit'lrtrrtg giic tltilt ,qititr t'ir tit dr't tLi'dtttr1l
r:tit'r'ittg tltiz'biair tliii ltrtrtrP, gitit'tlrtett tltrtt.it tlt;'tittt ttr liri ili,ir
clut biri totirr.lJiti t,it)i .ritr ttitrlt bi6'trrt.)t tilt tlt.rttg ttitt pltrtrrtrg pltilt
lu'rtng,giti( lnti tle'gitii rtrr.)t sii bii ltttitt kh(t rt) uiti tt'i littr trltd'l tit
gii tri ttlrri ttlrci? t'iitr lu)nr st)'lrotit ttiu tttr.)t ltit;Lr thitr'dttr stt'lrttttg
ki thi trn'dtt sirth Dtri lt(tt't'ir ('urt tlittg trtirtt 2()08 t'ikr tltto

PhuongpbAp oVriil']=3,tu(l)suyra
<.>!cos2a+]sin2a = | (2)

@se&fuM
4ccs2a+3sin zo,..s
5

Dit coscr *
+3sin qn : /l0<ro<-1.
:r\
-.
55 - |\ ))
DANG THANH HAI -/
TRAN TUYfT THANH TU (2) suy ra
(GV Hoc vi6n PKKQ, Son TAy - He Noi)
cos(24 -Q)=1 <> 2a-Q:2lrn(keZ)
filfai toiirr l. Clto lrui sd'tht.ft'.r, v thu,- tlitr ea-9+kn.Docl5
t'tj tlroi min lri llti'r' x]+),r *l.Tim gid trr 2
lirtt ttlrti't t'ti ,u,iti tt'i tthi trhti't r-riu bic'u thin
9+kn'J=t-,t" a
2(.rr+6.r.i,) [.'=.o,[ C()S
-2
J)_ /

l+
.a--
'L
2x_r'+ 2-r'r ]

(Dr) tlri ttL.t'i'rr .tirrlr Dttr ltot , = ,in (-|)^ sllt

Cttrt tlirt,q ttdttt 200,\ Klrtti llt
,

| llr ^)= 2

Ldi gitii. Do xr * y2 = I , n6n tdn tai g6c a

c)(.\-,r')=l
(z r)
sao cho Jr = cosa. l = Sin a . Lttc d6 - - Jro l
\ Jlo
. .-_- |
(khi fr ch[n)

2(cosra + 6cosa sin a) ( r\

P: hoac(x;r,):l --i- ,-
t
tt.r
I + 2cosa sin a + 2sin2 a
1+cos2a+6sin2a
.,/to \ -ltfni
vlo,
2 + sin 2a - cos2a o Vdi P * -6, tir (1) suy ra
c> (2 + sin2a - cos2 a) P = 1 + cos2a + 6sin2a -5cos2a + l2 sin 2a = -13
<+(t+r)cosZa+(6-P)sin2,a=2P-l (1)
o arnr2o-Erin 2a -1 (3)
Phuong trinh (1) c6 nghiOm theo a khi vh chi l3 l3
khi
Dat cosd = I . sin d :2((o. B .1i.
t3 B 2)
(t + r)' +(a- r)') >-(zr -\' <>2p2 +6 P -36<0
e-6<P<3.

lZ ';+iii[E
TORN H9C
sti aer ra-zoog)
'l'U (3) suy ra
t( r
-;t,Ho*- r )
cos(2a +0)-l <>a=-l*m (k e v.) t+s'tnr,x)

Do 0<2a.2p<x nan, 0<sin2a<1. 0<sin2l< I

[' =.url -9* tn\
I i2 )
I)o dti { '44 -1ar=-!-.
suvra
i, =ri,,l,-t**r)
[ \2 ) i|t2P =o ot"=i
[{}
=o
Tacd r=-L .=Jt
<_ (\ , ,, =( j_,_:) chdn)
4 [. in2a=,
tkhi A
\' Vt: Jtt I [-r=l
Suv ra I
: o.
hoac (r, ,,r=[-+, i.) ,on, fr ld).
[.v
Jt: ./13
I /
lsin2l=l lO=L
(

Ta c6 P =-! e{ ' <+l' 4

T'U ciic ket quri tr€n suy ra min P = - 6 r,i 4 lsin2a=0
r""'-'^ ' [a=0 I

traxP=3.O Ix 0
Suy ra l =
f,igiri loiirr 2. Clro.t., t'lti hui .so'thlk'kl(tng l.v=t.
tim tlt,r.t lr;ii.'l'im gii tt'i l(tt rrlrti't vi giti tri
ttlttj rtlt,i't t riu ltii'tr tlri't' Tit c6c ket qu6 tr0n suy ra
tl tnax,I,:-. -l
,, - ('t'- r')(l -
r.r')
'
min P =---.
44
l
(t* r) (l +,r,)'
figei to6n 3. Cho hai s6'th{r'x, t'rhut'dili
( Drt' tlti Dtri ltt.'c,
trn't''rt sirtlr
(- Ltt ) tlt)ttg trtittt 2008 Kho'i D)
vi thori mtin hi thrTc x2 * yt =2.'{im gid tri
lht nha't t'ir giti tri ttlui trlru'{ t'riu bieiu thirc
(
Ldi gidi. Dit .r = tan a. = tanl.lo=".0.i).
n'
P=2(x'+-rr)-3x1,.
(Di thi trtt'i'n.sitth Cuo iitr,q
Khi do ta c6 ttinr 2008 Klut'i A. B, D;
(tan a- p)(l - tan ct tan p)
tan Loi gidi. Til gid thiet suy ra
P- , .t
(t + tan a)'1t + tan p)) /r\ /v) .l
l-- | +l -, I =l . n€n tdn tai asaocho
( sina 'l[, sina sinp \.J2, ( Jz l
_sin B _ ]
I cosa cosp J( cosa cos p) l"
l-l=cosa t t

tin")'1.,*sinp)r I JZ lx: J2cosa

[,* 2
1H\
H)
\, cosa / \ coslS ) l-L=.in., lv=J)tino-
[^/z
( sin acos/ -cos asinp)(cosacosp-si n asin p)
L,[c c15 f = /llossa +sin] a)_ 6cosasinu
(si n a+cosa)' (si n p+cosp)'
= 4l8 (coro +sin a) ( I -oxasin a) - 6cosasin a

:,"("2:t(":4 Dal r =co;arsi,a (tr <f;)

=cosasina=+
(l+sin2a)(l +sin2p)
ra c6 P = +Jlrlt
I sin 2a - sin2p +)-3(r,-r)
2 (l + sin2a )(t + sin 2/r) =z^l-zt(l-r')-t(,, *1):-2.t1t 4t2 +6'[2r +3.

. TOAN HOC
s6 asr (a-zoog) t GTudig6 15
Suy ra P'=-oJ-zt,-ot+6Ji. ( /*
lr=Jz.orl L+(2 k+ ,),)
l, = -Ji N6n J
)
t4
r* (k e v.)
P'=0 .-" I t I r (Thod man <
lrl '[i t.
lr=Jzsinla+(2 k+ ,),)
lJz -_
t" [4
TI *1
d6 ta c5 biing bidn thi6n:
l*:
-J'
I
i-r'= -1.tr
t, .tD

P' 0+0 ***

P
l3 Dd luyOn tAp, mdi ciic ban giii c6c bdi toiln
2 sau bang phuong phrip luong gi6c h6a:

1) Cho cdc so thuc -r, )',2,t thoii mdn didu

-7
fxt +yt =9
'I't
'l l:r
I

bang bien thi6n suy ra ki6n +11 = 16

. [xI +.1: 2
I
or=-' <f cosa+stna=
marP=-l] 12.
2 fi J, Hay tim giri tri lon nhat cua bidu thrlc P =.r * :.
o"n.[.,-n)=' = o-n =+L+2kn. 2) Tim gi6 tri l6n nhat vd gi6 tri nho nhat cua
\ 4) 2 4 3
, I+x"
bieu thric P - ----------
rl
^

e a - I43 + zkn (k .z\. oo aso (t+x2)'

(r\ 3) Tim gid tri l6n nhat vh gi6 tri nho nhat cua
lr=J7.or[ 1t1 ] bi€iu thLic
j \4 3) 3",,f+3+4.,41+l
- (n r\
Ilv=^ilsinl-+-l D-
4.,1; +3 + 3J lx + I
t' [4 3)
(r-"E 4) C'6c s6 thuc a, b, c thod rnan di6u kiOn
r*.,6) abc + a * c = b. 'I.im gid tri ldn nhat vh gi6 tri
- (,2 2) nho nhat cua bidu thirc
(r+.,,6 r-.6) rll
(.t'lt):i P=--:- r-
hoac ;-1. 1+a2 l+b) 1+cr
1.2 2)
5) Trong c6c nghidm thuc .r, cira bat phuong
. min P = -7 €) I * *J1 o.orl,, -1) = -, .v

\. 4, tr)nh log,z*,,(x+y)> l.Hay t)m nghi€m sao

cho bidu thfrc P = x +2y dat gi6 tri l6n nhat.
o o -I =(2k +t)n e o =!+(zk +t\x.
4"4\/
t-1 t

DAf MUA i$F Cr-fi X*Afu HqC e f$#i IFg pAI i-d'$f,/
,tA cAc AN puiu chd r$p cH{ TAt cdc cG s$ Brltl oIFru rporva cA t*$ac

TOf,N HQC
t4';"ir,ii@
(;I6f HAN.:. (T'iep rrang B') DUdNG rHirlrc srMSoN...
(Tiip rrang 5)
tr.di gidi. Xir gi6i han
srrrr
I G)- f(o),' c'""r -l
r+0 X-0 r+0 Jf
l
(,,r,,r \rr\ tattx_sinx
: ,. -l I
lllTl _==.--
L+i) [3p X Sin X X.]
- 2
ClaLr srn.r _ I
(r,i Iinr
r >{) [g1 ".r -
li,r''*l:1,
i+0
Sin X t
vdi /=tan,t-sinx r,i
: sin.r(l-ctls.r') sir-tr x
tan.r'- stn-r nen
cosn cosx(l +cosx)
I
= ti,r[1I l'
I
1;,,ju:lnl'
t'.{r
- - ).
.T' \ ,)\ X ) cosx(l +cosx) 2
Do c16 /'(o) = O
*. IIinlt 2

BAI 'TU.I,UYTN TAP Ta cbn c5 bhi to6n tuong tu ve duong thAng

4tott I Simson ring vdi hai diem tr6n dudng frdn
1) T)rn li,, '* . duo. c phdt bi€u nhu sau:
,_,1 J.\-- [
-l
/ a \1 Onai r.riin 4. Cho tam giltc- ABC noi tiep
lirn l^''I
2)'fim ,-..(1*1,/ dtdng tritn (O1; M t,d N ld lrui tliem trin
dtrlng trin. Goi d t'ii A lii hai drdng rlrcing
3) Trm lim f\ v?;
t ,,,
+3xJ -V8r'r -5n'? +3)
-I Simson mrr rbrtg tittg t'cri cdc didm M, N vii

4) Tlm 1i,.,.,
4tt"','- 3 gdc MAN . Chtng ntinlt rang gbc tcro bcri tl t,it
A lrcac bang Mil'{ lrodc bdttg 180,'- lttlN
.
,-: 6x-n .

(Ilan doc tuchfrng minh).

)l lrm ..
lllr-- s'-l .
,-'"rt ./-\'+l-l Clni y. Khi M, N ddi xfrng nhau qua O thi hai
lrr( I + 2'r) duong thing r/ r,h A vu6ng goc vdi nhau. Ket
6) Tlm ,',n . quri nhy dd c6 trong nhie u thi liOu.
.r >0 tan X
7) Tim rr dd hhm so sau li6n ruc tai clidm
lt
t --.
J

khi x*- lt
J
))=
7t
khi
1

8) Tinh dao hhm him so sau tai didm.r = 0:

Iln(cos2r)
I ' ' khi x+0 !
"v= /(x)=l I
sinx
l0 khi ,r = 0.
I

.
so 5Bl (3-2ooe)
TO6rU nQC
& Gfudi66 15
 cAC r.(JP T'HP'I'
Bii T6/3til. Ch(rng minh rang phucrng trinh
t^i
x'+J\' =-) cci r'6 sd nghiem hiiu ti.

NCLIYEN VAN NHII]M

(G\ '[ l!P']' c'Itrtt't,rt Lunt Soit.T IturtIr I I6u )

Bni T7l381. Ciiri su'tt, lt. c l) dd dli ba canh

cua m61 tam giiic. chirng nrinh hat ding thti'c
c,(c l.<Jp'r'Hcs lll I
Bni Tl/381. (Ldp 6) [{ay sip xep cdc phAn so .,f uh + ut ,,f ltt r hu t'tt * t'b
sau theo thri tLr til nho den l6n
ll
1005 1007 1009 l0l I ^., ------+ t,
r. t:+...-
2oa2'2006' 2010'20t4 rl u''ht {D-+,rc It---tth
,IRAN DOAN \"\\ SOAN
VAN HINH
(GI.'THCS Nunt Gittrtg, NuntT'rryc', Nurrt Dittli) (GY T tt P7' Li"[ htrt\'ttg Kiir, \' iit Yi rt. Brit' Gi,trtg)

Bni T2l381. (LOp 7) Cho tam gi6,c ABC ctin Bni T8/381. Cho hlnh hop ABCD.A'B'C'D'.
tl Al La{iem M trong tam gi6c sao cho Goi S,,S,,5, llin luot lh di€n tfch cua ciic mat
MAC = MBA = MCB. FI6y so sdnh diOn tich ABCD, ABB'A', ADD'A'. Biet teing b)nh
hai tam giSc ABM vdCBM. phuong di6n tich cua tAi ci ciic mat cua tri'
dien AB'CD' bang 3. 'Iirn gi6 tri nho nhat cua
NGLIYEN KHANI{ NGUYEN bidu thirc
(G\: TLICS H6trg Bdng, Hdi Phbttg) (t , ,\
Bni T3/381. 'I(nh tcing cria tdt ca c6c phAn so
'r=21 ! L *' l*:t.s, rs,+s,).
* s'
c6 dans l-a trons do a. b li cdc udc so tu
[5, s',
h \CL'\'E\ \1I\H \HILN
(G\. 1'HP7' QrLi'\-ti srl I, Btic Ninlt)
nhi€n cia 27000 va USCLN (a, b) = I.

TRAN BA DUY LINH

('\C +)1,_ \ ,\'t' LI
(GY THPT clun,irt Ngrr,r'rir Biltilr Kltiitrt,\'itlt [..ortg)
Bni L1l381. Tr€n mat phing n[m ngang cd h€
Bni T4l381. Cho cdc s6 a, b, c thoa mdn nhu h)nh r,6. Cho biit rrgudn diOn c6 suat
dien d6ng E, tu dien c6 di€n dung C. ,41' r,t\
a > 0, b > c, tt2 = b(', a + b + c = abr'. DF ld hai thanh kim lotii d}i, dirt song song
Chfng minh rang r,6i nhau, ciich nhau m6t khoiing r1. 'lhanh d6n
r
tr > r/3. h> ..13. 0 < r'< ./3. MN c6 khoi lucrng nr, chidu dt\i 11, tua tr0n hai
thanh kim loai vir c6 thO chuyein d6ng tinh
NGUYfiN THI I]I6N tien doc theo hai thanh d5. He ducrc dit trong
(Y5C , Df{ Y Khou Hd Ndi)
tir trudng ddu cti ciim ung tir B hudng thAng
Bni T5/381. Cho tfi gi6c ABCD TO fu=fii clfng vudng g6c r,<li mat phang khung dAv.
Ban diiu kh6a K o chot Q. Sau khodng thoi
= 90" r,d BCD < 90". Tr6n tia doi cua tia AC gian du l6n chul,dn kh6a K sang chot A.
lay didm E sao cho DA lh tia phAn gi6c cua
goc BDE. Goi M ld diem tiry y nam gifta D vd OAMt'
E, tr'On tia doi cua tia BE ldy di(jm l/ sao cho
NCB = MCD. Chirng minh rang MC \d tia
phdn gidc cria g6c DM N .
HUYNH THANH TAM
(CB Bm tliitt An Nhon, Bitth Dittlt\ A/ l.'

(Xcnt tiifu trurtg 27 )

TORN HQC
16';*i.3i@'
t

I
xi rrrfM 4s uAtvr r+p qri roAN Hec a ruOl rnt
THE M&Y 45* ANNIVERSARY CoNTEST
LIS. CuOc thi gidi todn ddc biet ki niAm 45 ndm tap chi THTT sd ddng dd thi tt s(t' bdo 381
(3.2009) d€h s6'385 (7.2009). M6i s6'g6m4 dd todn:2 dd d,inh cho cdc ldpTHCS (7117'HCS),2
dd ddnh c'ho cdc ldpTHPf g1[HPT)Thdi han nhdn bdi ld 2 ttulng, tinh ti crt6i thdng r'ila sd
bdo c6 ddng dd. Mdi bdi gitiivi€i t€nmAt fi gidy ri€ng, ghi rd ho t€n,truing,lop (c6 thd dti chung
phong bi). Ngodi phong bi ghi r5: Bdi du thi gitii todn 45 ndm THTT c6 ddn tem. Bdi gitii sd
ddng ldn luot t,t sd385 (7.2009) ddn sd389 (11 .2009). K€i qud cuAc thi dtoc clng b6'ffen s6'390
(12.2009) vd trao gitii vdo Ld ki ni€m45 ndmTHTT. Cd gidi thudng np thd danh cho trudng c6
nhiduhoc sinhtham gia. Rdt mong duo. c nhidubantrdy€utodntham gia cudc thi ndy.

Ilrii 'f'l/TI{OS.
Cho a, b, c Ih c6c s6 thuc duong 'l'l/.Iunlor. Let tt, b, c' be positive real nurnbers
thoa mln didu kiOn such that
5o2 + 4bt + 3r'2 + 2obc = 60. 5a?' + 4b2 + 3r'2 + 2abc'= 60.
ChLing minh rang a + b + c < 60.
Prove the ineqLrality o + b + r' < 60.
TRrNH xuAN riun
(GY THPT Plrri Xty€n B, Hri Nbi)

Ilai 'l'2''l'H('S. Cho tri giiic AIICD ngoai tidp T2l.lunior. A point P is chosen inside a
duoc mot dudng trdn v) diem P nam trong rri tangential qLradrilateral ABCD such that AP and
giiic sao cho AP, DP tuong f'ng cit doan BC tai DP rneet BC'at S and R respectively. Prove that
S, R. Chfng minh rang tdm dudng trbn noi tiep the incenters of the triangles ABS, DC)R, PAD.
cua ciic tam gi6c ABS, DCR, PAD, PSR cirng P^SR lie on the sarne circle.
nam tr0n mot dudng trdn.

rnAN qunNc HUNG

(Hr) Nri)
Iini 'l'li'l'llP'[. Cho dly so (u,,) x,ic dinh nhu '[l/Senior Let Qr,) be a sequence given
sa u: recursively as fcrl lows .,

fu,=_ lr11.=-1 lr,, : _1t r/' = -a

l
Itt.tt,,*. -(3n* l)r1,,*1 +2(n+l)u,,:J (r e N-). 1n.u,,,,
* (3n - l\ r,,,, + 2( n*l)u,, =J (r e N-).
2009
1009
Dat S =1r,,,+Z(.2tttlt *11. Let S = \u,, +2(2200', - l).
t1=l
Ch(rng minh rang S chia het cho 2009. Prove that S is divisible by 2009.
DAU'THANI{ KY
(GY THPT Diitr C)hatt I\: , N shi An)

Bni 'l'2l'l'lll)T. Cho h)nh chlr nhat ArgCD noi
tiep ctLrd'ng trdn (O). Cric dLrrrng thing n, b theo
thit tu la\ dudng trung trlrc cua cdc doan OC.
OD. Di0rn M nam trOn dudng trbn (O). Dudng
t*,rng MA cat b tai E, dudng thang MB cat a tai
/i. Chirng minh rang dudng thing CF lu6n tiep
xLic r'6i m6t dLrdng trbn co dinh khi diem M di
dong tren dudng trdn (0).
\Gt Ylr\ MINH llA
(GY klfiTHPT clrrn'ert
! 'l'2lSenior. Let ABCD be a quadrilateral
! inscribed in a circle (O) and let a, b be the
! perpendicular bisectors of the line segntents
! O(:. OD respectively. M is a point on the circle
! (O). 'l'he line MA meets b at E, the line MB
! rreets tz at F. Prove that the line Etr is always
tangent to a fixed circle when M moves on the
circle (O).
DHSP Htl N(.,i J'r'itnslated by LE MINH HA
a

TIICS YOn Lac. Pltant Hodng Duttg, Ngtt.t,irt Mittlt

Phrrtttg, Hodng Hcii Dcing, Ngi Tli Cltau Giuttg, Dti
Tlri Thiy Linh, Pltunt Tli Hinrg Drtyin. L( Thi V iat Hn,
Ngrn'itt Mirth Tntng, Le Ngttvitt Hri An,64l. THCS
Hai Bir Trung. TX. Phric YOn; Hir Nam: L( Minh Dlrc.
6C, '|HCS Dinh C6ng Trhng, Thanh Binh. Thanh Lic'm:
Nanr Dinh: Lrru Tli Thfiv Nga.68, THCS Hai Haur
Ilrii Phbng: Bii L? Cbttg.6D4, TI1CS Dir Ning, Ngo
Quyen: Nghd An: \'6 Drty \:titt, Li 17i) MirtltT-rtii'tr, ll6
Tlti Tltit, Ttritt 'ilti Tlttt H,ittg, Ngrr.r'irr D,itrg N prt.tctt.
6A, Ddng \,'cin Hodng, Ngrr.'dr Ho Iltii Cltitilr, Pltunt
\:an Qrt,-itt, Clru Thitnlt Cttctrtg, Cltu Ngoc IIodttg. 6l).
THCS Hd Xuin Huong, Qui,nh Luu', Plutn Hotittg
Tlturth Ting,6D, THCS Cao XuAn Huy, Di€n Chiu.
Ngrr.virr Cbtrg Cltitth,64,, TI'ICS Le Hong Phong, Hung
* Bni Tl,i77. Clrt, Nguyen, Ngut,in Ycitt Cu'ittg, 6D, THCS Li Nhat
Illll +- --...r'--'1 Quang, Do Luong; I{ir Tinh: Ngrn,irt Tlti Qrt\tnh Nlut.
.J._-- + -- *: 6ll. Trdn ThiTlru Hcio, 612, THCS Narn He, TP. tl)
I .r 4 lu07 2()08 Tinhr Ngrr-l,4t Tlti \idtt Atfi, 6B.. THCS Binh An, An
t(x)7 1006 t005 2 r Ldc, Lt Hotittg Lrntg, 6ll, TFICS Mj Chdu, Thdi
I)^-
1

T ...--- Ngu.vdtt Ngoc Utin,6B, THCS Hoirng Xuin Han. Dfc

1 2 -r 2006 2007 "l'ho, N.qrr.r'dir Trtd'rtg So?r. 6B, THCS TTr. K!, Anh: Di
- tl -. Nang: Cao Mi Drn,itt.6/1, TI1CS Nguy6n Khuyen,
7-itth:. Hai Chau.
,,1
VIET I]AI
Ldi gi(ii.'l'6ch 2007 bang tdng cua 2007 so
vd bien cldi nhu sau
1
*Bni T21377. C;lto tunt gitit' ABC vttinil ((in
tui A, Goi M li rlie'm ttri.,i tt'cn rLyrh I)( (A4
^ 2007 2006 2005 2 kiuic I), M khtic ( vit M lihint lir ttrrng dia'nt
I
l) _
lJ = *...*-
I 2 3 20062007 critt ctttth BC). 7-iL I], C ke' t'dc dtti'rr,q tlrtittg
-(| l+-2006\( zoos\
r+l l+-
r 2'
l+-. .+l 1a- tlteo tltri'tt.(t'udng g6c t,ti'i AM tqi ll t'i K. Quu
=
\ 2 , l, 3 )
]

[ 2006, C kt; dud'trg tlring song .\otlg t'r)'i AM ctit Btt

( tui N, All tcir CK tui P, BP crir AM rui I.
+ll+ t \l+l ('lti'tt,q ntinlt t'ing lll = lP.
\ 2007 )
2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 Ldi gitii. C6 hai trutrng
= 2 _3 *... +_ +_ +_
2006 2007 2008 hqp xiy ruld BM > CM
(t r t YitBM < CM. CA hai
=
r r I \ trudng hcrp d6, ta ddu
10081 - -+...+-+-+
\2 3 20()6 2007 2008 )
J

chtrng minh nhu sau :

= 2008.A. Hai tam gi6c vudng BHA

D

'A 3=2008 -l
Yd, AKC c6 AB = AC (do
Sut,r'a
LABC vu6ng cdn), BAH = ACK (vi cirng phu
{Nne, x6t. l) Cti thd biin ddi m6i so hang cua B v6i cAH).
2008 - ri 2008
thanh dang I vrri rr = l. 2. .... 2001 YAy LBHA = A,AKC, suy ra BH = AK vi,.
rdi chon 2008 lI[ tr,t o ,c/'.t rng. AH = CK (*)
2) Ciic ban sau c6 ldi girii dring, gon: Lai c6 rri giric CKHN lh hinh chfr nhar (r,i c6
Phti Tho: Ngrvin Tltonlt Tant, Ngrt.t,itt Mittlt Dat,6B., bon g6c vudng) n€,n CK = HN.
THCS Tan Phri, Tan Scrn, Nguvlii Tli Mi Linh.6Al ,To
Diirr I.t', Cao 'f ntttg Drlrc, Ngodn Tiih Thdnh, 6A3, Ket hgp vdi (*), ta AH = /1N hay tam
ducr.c
THCS Lam Thao; Vinh Phric: Ngrr.vltt Thi Trang, 68
THCS Vinh Tudng, tVgrr.r'ir Til Anlt. Ph,rm Thi N'dn gi6c AHN vu6ng cAn tai H, suy ra GP:4f ,
Ar t I r. N,qtr.t i r t M i nlt T' rr,i t r, Ngrr.r'crr T I ta t t I t C b tt g, Ngrr.r'crr do d5 tam gi6c AKP vuOng can tai K , d6n den
\:tin Illii A, Ngut'in Tdn Diing, Ngtvin D{rc Dai,6Al ,
AK = KP,

T*ffiru H#C
- sffiidiUe*
1ffi s6 581 (5-200e)
Kit (*), suy ra BH = KP. Hai tarn gi6c
hop r,6i
vu6ng BHI vd, PKI c6 BII = PK. 6iii = Fk
(doi dinh) nOn b[ng nhau, do d6 BI =1P.3
(Nnen x6t. 1) C6 rdr nhieu ban cIa gui b)i giai ve tr-\a
soan v) da s6 circ ban d6u giii dring. Cz'rc ban nOn luu y
th€rn cr hai didu sau :
+ Ciin ve hinh chinh xhc vi r'5
+ Khi vittt chc ki hre u LABC = AA'B'C'(hoiic AABC cn
AA'B'C'), ciin luu i thf tu cic ciinh sao cho tucrng dng
(cre ; -., i'. ii =E'. c =C' t
2) Ci'rc han sau cci liri girii t6t htrn cii:
Hi finh: llii 7'hi Plttrrtrtg Mai.1A, Ddrtg Tlti Hutitr
'[t'urtg.1C. TI-]CS Xuan Di0u, Can Locl Phri Tho: Drio
Klttitrlt Littlt, 8Al, THCS Lim l-hao; Bic Giang:
I'lt,itttg,'f lttt Ytin. 7 Al . Tl ICS Ng6 Si Lien: Bic Ninh:
'l'lri l'lrro'ttg Ln. 7Al, THCS D6ng Tho. Y0n
Ngrr.r'rirr
Phong. Igrr.t'itt Hitrr 1)rirrr, Ngrr.r'i rt \',irt Kit;tt, J A,
N,grnrtrr Hrtt'Gitutg,78, THCS Hin Thuy€n, Luong Tii:
Hi Noi: Ngrr,r'llr Hotitrg huunt.'/C, l'HCS Thach That,
r\Igrrlrirr Tlti Ngoc Hd,6Al, THCS Ti Tieu. M! Dric,
DtirtgTlttittg loi UB, TIICS Nguyen Thuong Hien, tlng
Ht\ar Ngh€ An: I.'rr Vtitt'l'rft, 8Al, lftj Kltltrtlt Duy.
[! otttt g [)urtlt T luing, T A, C lut T ldilt Crrong. P ltant \: tirt
Qtnltt. Cltrt Ngctc l'lodttg,68, THCS IId Xuirn Hucrng,
Qujnh Luu. Pltort'f ltotth Trittg. TL), T'llCS Cao XuAn
Tuong tu, rri 20092008 chia .5 du 1 nOn rra + b4
+ r'a + tla + ea chia 5 du 1. Ket hop vdi (2) suy
ra 4 trong 5 so: (/, b4 , c4 , tt, cla, ea chiahdt
cho -5, so cdn lai chia 5 du 1. VAy trong c6c so
tu nhiOn a, b, c, tl, e c6 4 so chia het cho 5.
Ydy ubc'lei|! (4t
ring.
Do (2'. -5*) = 1, tir (3). (4) suy ra ahc'de:l0r . tr
{Xtren x6t. l) Bir tofn niry duoc nhrdu han chLing
minh nhu sau:
oVdi rr=2k.ke N thl ttt:.16:v6i rr=21 +lthirrr
chia l6 du l.
oVrii r=-5t, teN thi rrai-5,vdi rr=5i'l- l.n=5k!2
th) rrr chia -5 clu l.
t-ip luAn nhu ldi girii tren, ctng suy la ciuoc: Trottg 5 so
a, b, c. d. e c(t 4 so'cltatt t'ti c6 4 si clriu 1ft7 clto 5.Ti
dri suy ra die u phiii chfing rninh.
2) Hdu hci ciic ban ddu gi;,ii durrc hiri tor:rn, mot vii ban
lAp luAn khtlng chinh r/rc. Chc ban cri liri giii tdt lar:
Bic Ninh: Ngrr,r'rtrr Hitt Dilttg,.7A. N'grr.r'rir HtlGiong.
lB. Cltu Hkltg Gittrtg. 9A,'fHCS Ilin Thuyen, Lurrng
Tiri. Ngrr,r,clr Tlti Hrro'trg Li.1 Al, T'HCS Dong 'fho. YCn
Phongr Phti Tho: Dtirtg Duv Lirtlt. L)E, TFICS Van
Lang, Viet Trl; Vinh Phitc: Phunt Qtruttg l.iint,7A1 .

l{ui'. Diin Chiu. Ngir.r'rirt C,'rt,q Cltrttlt. 6A, 1'HCS Le Ngrr.r,lrr 'l'ttti'rt Atit Qrtdtr, gAl , THCS Yen t-ac: Hrii
H6ng Phong. Hung Nguy€n: Qu:ing Tri: Ngrn'ii Kllr. Phdng: Iloting Ngoc Mai. 8Al , l'llcs H6ng Bang;
7A. TIICS Phan Dinh Philng. Nghd An: Ngrn'lrr Bd Klr,inlt [7iu.6113. 'l'HCS H6 Xuin
Huong, Qulnh Luu, ly'grr.yr,r \-titt'l-iiit. [tD, TI-ICS Cao
PIIAN TTII MINI{ NGUYET XuAn IIuy'. Di0n Chaul Quing Tri: Ngrr,r'rjri 'l-rttitrtg
Sirr/r, 9A.. TIICS Phan Dinh t)hing, 'l'X. Dring I-lir.
*Bni 1'31377" Cln u, b, c, d, c lti ttlc s6'tt( ,A/grrllr l!utt Attlt, 91.l'tiCS l'hirnh Cci. TX. Quring'lri.
rr Iti t; r t t I toci ttt cirr
TITAN TIOT-INANI
tl | +d-l _ 1(){)c}llr0s.
ttr +ha +c,+ _r

Cltrrltq ntirih rittg obctle t-ltiu ht)t clro 10!.

*Bli 1'4!377. (.-Jro u, h, r li ciic .tr't' tltt.rr
tlrktrit; t!tor'i ;ttitr u ) l; > r. Cltillril utit)lt bi't
Ldi gidi. (Tlrco nlot so'ban) ttLtltq flltli'
De thay rang vdi so tu nhien r? tily i thi: ulls(.u --b) -r llr'(b -- i') * iu(t - rr) > 0.
o rrr chia 8 du 0, 1, hoic 4. Do c15 ri4 chia 8 du Loi gidi. Citch 1. (Theo tlct so'cdt- bart).
0 hoac 1 (1) Nhan rhdy
o rr2 chia -5 du 0. t hoic 4. Do d6 n] chia 5 du et3b+b1c+c3a)-(abj +bc3 +ca3)
0 hoac I (2) = ab(a2 -F)+bc(# -d)+ccr(c2 -b). +h|*a2)
Tlri lai \,6i bli to6n, ta cci: = (tt2 - b2 )(ab - c:a) + (b2 - c) )(bc - cu)
2009 chia 8 du I n6n 20091008 chia g du l. = (a-h)(h-c')(a)+ob)+(b_c)(b_a)(bc+c))
Do d5 al +h4 +ca +da +ca chia 8 du 1. Ket = (a-b)(b-c)(o*c)(a+b+c).
ho. p vdi ( I ) suy ra 4 trong 5 sd: aa, ba, ca, da,

cli,- e. chiahet cho g. soibn lai chia g du L

DoLt>h>_r'>Ondn (*b\b-<\a-t:{rz+6+c)>0.
VAy trong ctic so tu nhiOn o, b, c, d co 4 sd Tld5 suy ra
cha-n. Do d6 abcde i 21 (-r ) a3b+b3c+c1u) ob3 +bc3 +ca3 (1)

-
So 581 (5-2ooe) _
Tffifrru
a
H#(
eE*diry6 gS
Ap dung BDT Cauchy cho hai so duong. ta c6 Quing Ngai: llri Tiiii I'r7, 8A. ]'HCS tlirnh Phu6c.
Nghia H)nh.
ujb+ub3 >2o2b2 , b3c+bc\ >2b)c1 ' PHAM T}II BA(]H NGOC
c3(t+cct3 )2c2a2 ndn
(o3b+b3c+c3a)+(abt +bct +ca? )
* tlai '151377.'l.ir luti die'm A vt) B (A klrtic R)
trdru rr.qcttii tludrt,q tt'in (O) kd cic tie'p tut'eir
> 2(a)b) +h)c') +c2n)) (2)
,AM, RIV trti tltri'trg, tritt (M, lV li ctic rili,
l'U ( 1) r,I (2) suy rir
tlii'm. M khcit' N) Chitrg nritrlt rtirtg,, rtifu AM
2(u) b + b3 c + c3 a)> 2(a2 b2 + b2 c) + c) a2 ) .
= lJN thi tlrritrrg lhtitt.t, MN htttit'sttrt,q sottg,
vrri AR lttttit' tli (ltte lt un,q ii(rrt r riu AI].
Tu do su)' ra
+ c) a(c Loi girii. a) X6t trudng ho.p AMIIBN:
u2 b (a - b) + b2 c (b - c) - a) >- 0 .
V\ AM = Bly' n6n ho6c tri gi5,c AMNB hoac tf
D[ng thric xiy ra khi vd chi khi a = b = c. gi6c AMBN ld h)nh binh hlnh, suy ra MN
Cticlt 2.1'ac6 a2 b> c > 0 n6n
hoic song song v6i AB hoac di qua trung
didm cila AB (h ta, 1b)
a2b(a-b\> crb) (a-b) ; c) cr(c - a)> obc(c-a) .

Do d6 o) b(a -b) + b) c(h - c)+ c2 a(c - o) M

) ub2 (a -* h) + b2 c(b - c) + abc (c - a)
= b(a -b)(b * c)(a * c)>0. tr ()

{Unln x6t. l) ttat nhidu ban tham gia giai biri n}y,
nhung khting it ban lAp luAn thieu chinh xdc, ching han B
nhu
a) b)
Tit a > D, c - c > b - d (l): ttc > bd (l)
> z/ suy ra d
I linlt I
Tita ) b c suy ra b + c-ri > 0 (l).
>

C(r ban sudung BDThodn vi a,) s.) ar, b,< b.< b, b) X6t trudng
a1b2 -r u2lq * oib.t 3 a1b1 * a1b1+ aqlr2 vio giiii. hop AM cat BN
Dac hiet, han Ld \:titt Til,9A2. THPT YOn Lac, Vinh tai C. Neu dudng
Phric da neu vir girii duoc biri toiin tong qu/Lt nhu sau: thang MN khdng
Clro a, b, c lci ctic so'thuc clto'ng thtia ntdn a ) b ) c. song song voi
Clttiltg ntitrlt rartg t'o'i nrci so'ttgut,ln (lttollg n lrtitt c6 AB thi n6 phii
u" ltlu - bl + btt t:(b - c) + ctt a(c - o) > 0 . cat AB ching han
2)Ngo)i ban fri, ciic ban sau dAy c6 ldi girii chat che var tai K (h. 2). Trdn
gon girng: tia AM ldy didm
I)
Phri Tlro: Ngrn'lir Quo?' Hittrg, 98, TI-ICS Van Lang, D(D+A)sao
Viet l'ri, QttdttThi Hui Tltrt. Kinr Htrl-irtTrottg, HdTlti cho MD = MA. I{inh 2
Htrtitt Tnurg. 9Al, THCS Lim Thao; Vinh Phrlc: Ll
Ngoc Mi Lhrlr,8C, THCS Tam Duong, HtiTntttg Hiiit,
Y\ MC = NC r,)
8A. Kur Ytitr Ctong, Ngu$n Qut'i? Tiiit.9C. THCS MD = BN 1= MA) n€n CB = CD, tric lh tam gi5c
Vinh Tuirng; Bic Ninh: Ng,rrvirr Hitu Dling,7A, THCS BCD tai C, do clti E, =fr:dfu :c1fiiL,
cltn
HIn 'fhuye n. l,ucrng Tli. Trtin Thi Ngac, 98, THCS Tii
Strn: Narn Dinh: Dri Tlri Thtt Hiitt,9Al, THCS Nghia suy ra MNllBD.
Hung: Nghd An: Hodttg Danlt Tliirtg, Li N goc Mat kh6c, do MA = MD nan MK lI dudng
/v"grr,r'r,ri. \'u \,'drt T'tte, 8A. Drirrg \:titr Hocing, 6F,
7 A,. trung binh cria tam gi6c ABD. V4y K l) trung
THCS lld Xulin I'iutrng, Quj,'nlr Luu, Ngrnt'rr 1'rirr
'lltartg. Ngrrllrr Ytitr Hottrtg, Pltunt Plti Ngrr,vdi, 9B, didm cua AB. A
TH(IS t-i Nhat Quang. Do Lutrng. l'i Hi,rtg Ai .9B.. (Nna, x6t. l) B)i toirn niy c6 nhidu c6ch giai (vdi
Hot)ttg'ilri Ngrn'c/ Hi,'/D.THCS Cao Xuan Huy, Di€n trudng hop b). Ngoiri cich giii tr€n dAy, cci thd ke qua B
Chau. Ilrrarig Tli Hiitr, 9H, THCS Bach Ngoc, DO dudng thang song song vdi MA, cit MN tai D. De dirng
Luongr Quring Tri: Ngro'dir Kin, lA, Ngrr.t'l)r Trtrdtg chfng minh duttc AMBD li hlnh binh hlnh ltii suy ra
Sirr/r, 9A, THCS Phan Dinh Phing, TX. Dting H); MN di qua trung di6rn cua AB.

20 -cltrdif@
TORN HOC
 2) Mllt so ban x61 thiiu tluc)ng hap AMIIBN hodc c6 x6t
dr'n nhung chi vC hinh la hoAc lb.
fap hqp ciic s6 chia hCi cho i-5 li B n C
3) Cric ban sau clAy c6 ldi girii t6t:
Bric Ninh: Li Ngutirr Htii Alh,9A. TI ICS \'0n phong, = llsr rt=[2-]=ou.
L rs l
Clru lTrttrtg Giang, t)A. 'l'HCS Ilin 'lhu1,tn. i-urrng TIi;
Vinh Phrlc: Bii Thi Ngoc Mui, Ngrr.vcir Thi Kint Outth, Tip
A,qtr.t,'rt Mit.tlt llirtr. N,grr.r',:rr Trr.ttt,q fl1r,,, N.qttt,:tt'l'lti
hgp ciic sd chia hor cho 30 lh A nB r-: C
Hrtl . Ngtnirr NgtirtGiuttg, LiTlti Sott, PltutrT'lti Kltitilr Iqqql
l.tttlr, Kiitt Qttt', Tlt,ii. Plr,utt Qrt,rtrg l.r,,rtr. N,tutlt Tlti =.> lAr-t 1ln( l:l
I [:tl I -33 .

7Al. I'HCS Yin l-zrc: Khrinh Hda: I'r? Ngor.

T'lrt,tttt,
' I

Ctrtttg,li/6. l'HCS Nguye n Van 'l-roi. Cam Nghia. C'anr De thfy t4p hgp cdc so chia het cho ir nh:rr
I{anh; Qrrring Ngai: Hd'[Li'rt I u, 8A. l)tittg Dittlt Dtti.ttg.
9A. THCS IIinh Phutic. Nghia H)nhr TP. Hd Chi Nlinh: mdt tlong ba s0 2, 3, -5 li lurBu(-' r,I
Ngrr.r'r,r l\tgtlc Quuttg, gl)2. I'HCS Ngo Si Li0n, Q. 'l'iin
Blnh; Binh Dinh: Ngrr.vr;tt Tlti Buclt fu.r/i, 9A6. TUCS ltw nw r;t= l,tl +lrl +lr'l-la a nl-lt e:c'l
Phu(ic Ilung. I'uy Phudc, l-l Tntttg \,inlt,8A7, THCS -lrnc'l+l;n1lnr'l .

Bong Scm. Hoii Nhon; Kien Giang: Tr(itt \:iur IIoi, 9ll,
l-l'lCS \lai Thi Hdng Hanh. h. Rting Cie ng. Hay l.luruc'l
NGt'YirJ- XL'.{N BiNH = 499 +333+ I 99- I 66 *99 - 66 +33 = 733 .

* Ilai 'l'(y377 ll4ii si' tlep ttt,tt

.sii t!;ri.,t ,qrti lit Do d6 so cdc so tu nhi6n nho hcrn 100 v) khdng
"
rri, !it lrr.tp sii lri /'/rrjr,q t ltlit lrtjt t.liti 2, 3, -5 (r r chia het cho cii ba so 2, 3, -5 ld 999- 733=266.
,lt.r l,,i rr)'-19. 11,91 li ltt so' ,:ltp rtltt) nlt(i't).
l lt,i t t', tii't t d lttro tt!ri{t; so itp ttlto rirrrr i {)iX)'l
Trong t4p hgp 266 so tr6n cci cA so 1 r,i cdc so
nguyen to khric 2, 3, -5. 'fa biet rang cd tat cri
I.oi gidi. X6t tap hop cric so ru nhien nh6 hon 165 so nguyCn to nho hon 1000 v) khdc 2,3, -5.
1000.'l'a quy u6c ki hi0u l,nZl te so phdn ru
VAy so s6'dep phrii tirn la 266-(165+l)=100. D
cua tap hop hfru han M va [-r] ld s6 nguydn
(Nnan x6t. l) Hiu he'r circ ban liur h)i ciing cieu giai
lon nhat kh6ng lcln hon -r. nhu tr'en. I\4ot so ban cho kiit clui thiiu vi khting d0 y
'fru(rc h€i luu y ring, neu rr lir so lirng ba s6 2.3. -5 thu6c tAp hrrp AutBWC': hoiic cho
nguyen
kct qua thia vl tinh ch l li\ .so'r1rp!
duong bat k] nho hon 999 r,i trong tAp hop
Ciic ban sau diiy c6 lt)i girii tor
{t.2.:.....999} c6 f so chia her cho rr thi :

Vinh Phrlc: Kitrt Dittlt Sotr. llAl. N.qrrr,er Ngoc

lqqq'l T'rutLg, l0Al. 'fHPl' chul'On Vrnh lrh[icl Bric Ninh:
(rr(9g9<(l+ llrr,
= o=l;) Trtitt Atrlt 7-tnit, llAl, 1'l lPT'fhuAn -lhintr I, Bic
Ninh; Hi Ndi: Drio 7-rortg Anlt, ll,A4, TIIP'f Ngu1,r:n
Gia Thi0u, Long Bi0n; Ninh Binh: Bii '1'tti Hctu,9A,
Goi A, B, C tuong ring ld rap hgp c6c so chia THCS Diing Giao. TX Tam Diep. l'i Th,utlt Trutg. ll
het cho 2, 3, 5. Torin,_THPf chuyen Luong Van Tuy; Hrii Durrng:
Nguvirr Trtair Diittg.. l0 Toirn, TIIPT chuy€n Nguyin
So phdn tu crla m6i tap hop l) Trdi, TP Hai Duong; Thanh lloi: Pltant Qtnng Attlt,
lsqql [qqq-] l0T, TIIPI' chuy€n Lam Strn. TP 'l-hanh Hoj; Ngh€
=L, An: I'r7 Thi Tltu lld, l0A I , khdi TI IPI' chuye.n Dai hoc
' l=4ee:'l=L;.]=333: Vinh, Ll 'l'ruttg ['lilir, l0Al, I'HI]T chuy0n Phan Boi
Chau. TIr Vinh; Thila Thi€n Hu€: Ild Dtic Mitrh Nlrtit,
Iqes l II Toiin, THPI' Qudc Hoc Ilud: Quing Ngni: 1_c
l('l= | l: I 99 .
I rodn. 'fHPT chuyOn Le Khiei; Binh
Lsl
Nguv?n Kltdnlt, I
Dinh: Ngrr.vltt Dortg tiiit, l0T, T'IJITT chuyen Le eui
T4p hgp ciic so chia het cho 6 li A o B Don, TP Quy Nhon; D6ng Thrip: Trtitt lvlinlt Dr), ll']',
Iqsql THPT chuy€n Nguyen D)nh Chiiu; B€n Tre: Li pltic
= l.l^Bl-l
' rlo l=166.
l
Lir, 12Tctin, THIT chuyen Ben Tr.c.
NGUYEN ANH DUNG

Tip hqp cdc so chia het cho l0ldAnC Hiflrli 'E'7 377. {)lio rurir gitit' t\l}C' yii ltui
Iqssl
= ll^(.1_l
' L lo ll=99. rliO'nt D, li tt'tltr .*tr1 IJC .trrrt .ltt, !:!) -:..i,'!
('D l#1

QE
sri aar (5-so0e) 5ffi,5 ue 21
 l)ru)ng tt'itr ngctui ti{p lum gicic ADF. ctit AB, )
lci .1C' ttkt'ng itttg irti M lri ,V. {'ltittg mitrlt tu'3tam A, ti so ^ Ro rdng dudng thang rl, lh
I t'titry, lt't.tttyq ltint ltrnt gitit AMN lttt)tt ttrittt tt-itt
nt9)t tlttiltiq thtitr,q r i' dittlt l;lri D, li cli l6n,q
co dinh, ta cd didu cdn chf'ng minh. fl
tt'itr itutit B{. (Nnen x6t. l) Vdi c6ch giir tuong tu nhu tron. ta c6
thd gidi biri torin tcing quiit hcvn vi'ii di6u kie n
I Ldi gidi. BD "CE rlong do,1 lI moi so thuc duong ti.ry
_, 1i
CD
=--^. BE
cho trudc.

2)Titci cric ldi girii gui ve Tda soan ddu dring. Hdu het
cdc ban ddu su dung plrrctng plttp t'etttt' di giii bii torin
niry. Sau dAy lir cic ban c6 ldi girii gon htrn cir:

I
Hi NOi: \'ii Dittlt Long, 10Al Toihn. Plrunt Dinlt
Klfinh. t0A2 I'odn. Tu Ngoc Ctinh. I lAl Toin, Irdrr
Nfuit'[tirt. l2,Al ]'oirn. kh6i THPI chuyen. DLIKHTN,
DHQG I-ln NOi, lr4ui Attlt Bittg. l() Trrin. ,\'gttlriri Ngr.'r'
Lotrg, lOA2, Ngrr,r'4r DLltc Muttlt, l()T2. khdi T['lPT
chuyen, DIISP Hi NQi: Bic Ninh: flrir Artlt T'utiit.
llAl, THPl' ThuAn Thlnh l; Vinh Phric: N,grr,vjrr
Murit Qrtttrt. N guvin N goc Tt turg, l0A I . THFrf chuyen
Tir he thric luong trong dudng trdn, ta c6 Vinh Phric; Naln Dinh: 7-ritt Ttt,ttg Hrn', l0 Toiin.
BM.BA = BD.BE; CN.CA = CD,CE. Trdn TluL TliLt,, I I Torin. TI-{PT chuyen Li H0tt1q
Plrong: Nghd An: Ngut'in \-tirt Crrottg. 6D, Ngrr.tirr
Ket hop v6i gia thiet cld bdi ta thay \''dn Thltrtg, 98, THCS Li Nhaf Quang. Do Lu(-,ng,
BM BA _BD BE _-) Qutttrg Trii Anh Plni, N gtvitt \:dtt !l'1 Lnlt. I 0A l. rVgrr.r'.'rr
Att Tirrh, l lA l, THPT chuyOn Phan 86i Chau. lr3'rr lt;rr
CI{ C:A--,--4.CD CE Tltdnh Tfi, llAl. kh6i THPT chui'€n DH \rinh.TP.
Vinh; Di Nang: Ngrn'rrt T'dttg'ilrirtlt. llAl. l'ilPT
^ ra
BM ^( t',q\ k tA la mot so duong
"'^ chuyOn Le Qu! Don; Binh Dinh: .\.grrltitt DirtgTidir.
Suv
' ('N =21:--
\BA)
l: l0T, THPT chuyOn Le Quy' D0n. Qur \hon; Phir YOn:
Ngt,-€n Plttto'c T'hirtlt, l0 Torin l. THF'T Luong Van
xdc dinh).
Chirnh, T'P. Tuy Hda; Titln (iiang: Ngu,-itt Nlttit
Goi 1, J vd, K theo thfr tu lh trung diem cua Tt.tittg, I lK2, THPT chul'en Ti0n Giang,'t'P. My Tho;
B€n Tre: Le Plrric Lri'. l2'loitn. TIJPT chuyen Bdn Tre.
Mr{, BN v}r BC. Khi do lL=ryL=k r,}
JK Hd eunNc rrtNu
iik = BL- ''N
*Bli Tgl377.'lim so'rltryc li trhri nlti't soo
1D
Tr6n canh AC lliy diem F sao cho *?: k ,
cln yo'i mr.ti sd tltyc khbrtg tim o, it, t'tu ltrirt
AF cd bti't ilcirtg tlrrt'r'
IJ AB . Tu d6 LABF <r> NIK. -. , i- , ..
d6
JK- AF
lric ddn
ry <7t,rhr. -r-k.niaxl,yt-Lti
lf
*,]. ,_n]Itt)
.t
ddn ik = trEi .
Loi gi(ii. Vi BDT ( 1) ddng v6i moi a, b, c n€n
neu chon a = b > 0 v) c = 0 thi (1) tro thdnh
Tr6n canh BC ldy clidm H sao cho ffH=trFF 2a2k.u, suv r.a k >__.
thi liic ndy JIK = BAII , md IJIIAB ndn IKllAH.
_<
33
Do c16 1 nam tr6n dudng thing r1 di qua K, )
song song voi AH. Goi G ld trong tdm AAMI/. Ta sE chirng minh t = : la so nho nhat cdrn tim,
,) J
Khi d6 ,qG=iil, suy ra G nam trOn dudng trlc Ii, vdi moi so thuc kh6ng Atm a, b, c lu6n c6
a
J a+h+c<Jahc + j.r,ax{la-
2
thing r/,, iinh cua dudng thdng d qua ph6p vi + )J
ul,ln*cl.lr-ol\ tzl

",-:-qH
Hfi,e
{rn
{. d sf r &, 1=".r* sd ear ,3-zoos)
ddtu ' !sV{! l-b
 Thar Vay, vdi k = ?, Ldi gidi. (Theo ban Hi Phi Nlrun.IOCT, 'ilIpf
kh6ng girim tinh tcing
chuyOn L6 Hong phong, Tp. Hd Chi Minh).
quiir co rhe gid, .u, j h2 r'. Khi ckr Bien deii ve triii thlnh
max{la - hl,lb- r'1, lr' - all - u - c. P = (x3 -3x.y)2 +(y3 -3y-z). +(r. -32_ x1t .

(
BDT (2) tuong duong vdi J =xr *3x
,rtAr ') I
DoddP=0c> ]x=:'-3: (A)
33
a J trbc + lb -d e b+3c < aidotrc I

(dring > t'suy ra 3c < 3Jitrc [::'1'' -3Y

- do rir a >- b ). Neu r> 2 th) -v =.r(.1 - 3) > 2 suy ra
Do d6 BDT (2) dring r,6i moi so thuc duong a, r=)(J2 -r>2.
b, c. Ddng thric xriy ra khi vd chi khi a = b =
r hoac trong ba s6 a, b, c cd hai so bang nhau, TU d6 c6ng theo ve ba phuc,ng trinh cua h6
so cdn lai bAng 0. (A) ta c6
0 =-r't +yt + 23 - 4x - 4v - 4:
VAy so t nho nhat thoii man bdi to6n n ?. O =.r(.1 - 4) + r.(r,r -. -l) + :(-) 4t > 0.
l
(fnen Mdu thudn.
x6t. l) Da sri circ ban tham gia gui b)i ve TS
de u cho liri girii d(ng. Nhieu ban qu€n xir khi nio Tuong tu v6i -r <
thrlc xiiy ra.
cling -Z ta cfrng c6 mAu thuAn.
2) Bang ki thuAt tudng tu nhu tren, ciic ban Ngrn,eri Sori
VAy l"rl < 2. Dilt.r = 2cos/ (0 ( r ( lr).
Titttg. 12A2, TI{PT Ngo Quyen, ChAu Son. Ba Vi, Hi
Noi: P/rarr Tiiit Dfitrg, Dinlr Tnrng Drir, l0Al. K49. Suy ra _y = 2(4cos3l-3cos/)=2cos3/
kh6i THPI chuy0n, DH Vinh, Ngh6 An; plturt Thi Thtr
z = 2(4cos3 3t-3cos3r) =2cos9t
lltirtg, l lAl. TIJPT chuyin Vinh phric. Vinh phiic cli
chi'ng rnrnh bIi tohn tiing cluit: Tin so'tlrtc k rtlto trlfi't -r = 2(4cos39l-3cos9l)=2cos27t .
sLto (lt() t'o'i noi so'lltltc kltong rittr u, \i
= 1,2. .... rt) tcr DAn den cos/ = cos2J t
Itti,tt t ri
f r--

I =*
Lll+(l)+...+dtt ([
I, = 2..... I 3)
0. t.
13

<{rfl,-h -l ix
I t=- (i =0. t.2.....14).
+t'.max{1,r1 - ct2l,l,t2-r,1.. .1n,, -r,l}
lt4
Dtip so'.0,r,, =? Nguo.c lai, d0 kidm tla rang ndu cos/ = 2cos27r
DAc bie.r ban Htitrg di phan tich rnrr rong bli to6n khii
thi b0 (x ; -y : z) = (2cosr : 2cos3t ; 2cos9r)
sau sac. thoa m[n h9 (A).
3) Ngoii ban Ttittg, Diirtg, Dti.c, Hang, nhfrng ban
91ic
sau diiy cri ldi girii khd t6t:
Thanh thri c6c bd so (r : y ; z) th6a mdn dd bdi lA
Hrii Phdng: L'ri\,'cinTudit, l2AZ, THpT Vinh Beio; Hi (2cosr; Zcos3t ;2cos9r,S voi r=9 (k = 0, 1,
f9j: i, Minh Thiins, 1t To6n l, khdi THpT chuyen, I3
DHSP H) N6i; Hi Nam: lziri Tnmg Kiin, ll Toiin, in
THPT chuyOn Hi\ Nam; Nam Dinh: Trdn Trong Hu1,, .... I J) hoac
' / - 14'(i- 0. t.2. .... 14). t
l0 Toi{n, THPT chuydn Le Hcing phong; Hi tintr: ru
Quang Binlt, l0 Torin 2, THPT chuyOn Hi finh; Ddng (nnen x6t. l) Khd d6ng ban rham gia giAi bii niy
Thip: Trdn Minh D6, llT, THFrf chuyOn Nguyen nhun_g rat tiec chi cri mot so ban l)m ciling li ciic ban
Dinh Chiou. sau dAy:

NGUYEN THANH H6NC Vinh Ph[c: Plmn Qtto'c K]finlt, Lrrt Thi Tltity Dung,
IlAl, THFrf chuyCn Vjnh Phric: Hi Nam: TrdrtT'rung
*FJai i'ell377.T'im ti: .ri't!tltc,r, Kitn, I I Todn, THPT chuy€n Hi Nam; H:ii Duong: Ll
".r,,: .s,uo t.fttt Vdn Hu)nh, l2Tl, THF I' chuyen Nguyen Trai; Thrii
,' .r.:a ; I l{i(tr-1-"-r I
.r(' .l +:., -- (r(:,"i -r-.y'l +:: ) B\nh: Phttnt Tuiit Arth, THF.f Thaii phrlc, Thiri Thuy;
-.1

Di Nnng: Nguye, Tdng Tluitilt, I 1A l, THpT chuyen

-2(.r, '-1,a"t,:-*:-tr) + 6(xl'-i J: r-;-r) ==
g" LC Quf Ddn, TP Di Ndng; Kon Tum: Cao Thonlt Hcii,
llAl. THPI chuyen Kon 'l'uml Ciin Tho: L0 Dai Ta c<i r', - r'. * I vi
Thittlt, I I A I . THPT chuye n I-y Tu Trong.

DANG HUNG THANG - 5N,, r = 4.(..6)"-r (cos(zr* l)p-sin( n-1 )p)

4v,,

-(rE)" (cos (n - 2) q - sir"r(n * 2)rp)

* Bii 'l'l1lli77. 'I'irn tti't r-ci t'tit' hdm sO' t
.

I : i -+ ,i. thtxi nttlrt tli1u ki(tr = 4.(..,6)" (cosnq.cos rp + sin nrp.sin q I

/ (.r'- r')+ I r (-l 7 r(,',-)+.t'r

)= / (l'+ / t.r.l) t I - sinrp.cos +cosnq.sin p)-(.,f )" x
I
cp

Y,r'. t'e r.. x (c o s rga.c o s2. rp + sin n rp.sin 2 rp - sin n rp.c o s2 q

+cosnrp.sin2rp)
Loi gidi. (Tlrco da so'c'tic butt).
(c
ThaY Y=;s: r,io (1) ta cluoc -l')
= 4.(V5)"-',1 | cosnQ-
\.Js
]ri,,,pl
vs)
./(0)+2xr(3/'2(-r)+xo1= /'(x3 +.f (x)),Vxe R. (2)
Tiep tuc thay 1,:-./(x) vio (l), ta thu ducrc c (l I
,a)
-( V5 )".1
i5-.cos/7(2+-sln
5
/(.rr +/(r))+2/'(x)(3 /'1(x)+ I'r(x))= /'(0),Vxe R
\J

hay ./(rr +.1(.r))=$/'r(x)+ /(0), V-reR.. (3) = 1.f 1"-: (5cosrzg-5sinnrp)

'Iir ciic ding thric (2) vI (3). ta suy ra
= 1.'f ;".1co snrp - sinng) = 1',,*r
/ (x) + -x6 ) : 8 l't (x) +./ ( 0),Vx e iR
r
./ (0) + 2xr (3

ha1, (./ (x)-rr X4./'2 (-r)+./ (x),tr +-16 ) - 0, (Ch[ i cos2rp=2cos2 d::, )
Vre R. ('l)
sin2q= 2.s in rP.cor,, =
NhAn x6t rang 4./ ) (x)+ I (x)-r'] +x6 +
)

/ xr)r l5,ru u,=vtl v6i moi l\-.

=12 f tx)+L I +'--' >0, V,r*0. Do d5 zie
[-''.'4) 16

Do c16 (4)e./'(x)=xr,Vxe R.
Boi vAy v6i moi so thuc ,r, nE ,

(, [,r]t \

= li,n | [ f
'Ihu hirm niy vho didu ki0n bhi to6n, ta thay ,. lt,,
n-ttqll
lilTt I .,.o.,r- llrp-sinr
thoa min. Vay ham so cdn tim c6 ciang tt)+ r -(ltt
"-'[[ 'r ] )
./(x)=xt, xe R' D
(Nnen x6t. Day lir dang todn phuong trlnh him vdi =0. D
cap hien tu do. Rat nhi€u ban tham gia gitii hiti toin niry (Nnen x6t. Diy s6 (r',,) clucrc tim La tir phuong trinh
vI tat cii ddu girii dfng theo cich di trinh biry rr trdn.
clac trung ,r2 - 4.t + 5 = 0 . Tar cii cltc birn hoc sinh gui
NGUYEN VAN MAU
ldi giai t(ri tda soan ddu giai ciling. thco ciich giiii tr€n'
Trong d6 c6 cric ban hoc sinh nir sau:
* Ilni Tll/377. Clut tltil sr)'( zr,,),1rr =1,2, ...)
Vinh Phric: Ltnt Thi Thitt' Dtutg, A'3tt.i'ctt Tlti Tlut
durlc xric dinh boi tt1 =tt1 = l. = 4u,, *5u,,-1
/1,,,1 Htittg, llAl, THPT chuy€n Vinh I'}hric ; Nam Dinh:
t'ti'i ttrr.ti n> 2. Clrri'tr,u, ntirtlr t'tirtg vtti ntr.ti sr't' Trr)n 7'li Hong 1,'iin, l24, 'fHfl- chuyin Ld Hdng
Phong; Hi finh: DdngTlti Bcio hugrtc,llT' THFT NK

tlrt.t't' tr r.*6, 1,, tltitt t'ri lq)

,,lrt:n-.(
,r"
=, Hi Trnh; Vinh Long: Ngrlt'irr Tlti Plutottg Lirth,12T1,
THPT chuyen Nguyen Binh Khi0m; B€n Tre: Drtrttrg
,/
Thi Hong Cluiu, 12T, T[{PT chuy€n Bin Tle.

Ttl Xin chdc rniing cic ban nhin ngiy Qu6c te Phu nfr 8-3.
Ltti gitii. X6t 0 < rp < :mh cosrp=*. Dat
c0

.ie
NGUYEN MINH DUC
;
.(cos(n- l)p-sin(r- 1)p), r eN' .(c
v,, = 1.u6)"-r C
F
C

24
";+"}i[a
TORN H9C
s<i sat (a-zoos)
 * Il::ri 'l'121377. 'l'rttt ttit curth criu tunt gi/rc YQy AAr, BB2, CCz ddng quy khi vi chi khi
,\!tC ltl'y rLit' diti'ttt i\,, 8,. C, t,ri'i ,,11 e ti('. AtA2, BtBz, C,C, d6ng quy.D
l)1 e ,'1(.'.('1 e;1 l) .\{to cltrs ,1..11 . Bt}l .('(', (Nnan x6t. l) Bli toiin nly c6 rdr nhidu ban rham gia
tlitr,q (/,/t'. 'l't't;rt t tii' r-rlttlt ttiu l{tt}t gitit gi:ii vI ddu girii dring v6i nhidu phuong iin tinh to6n
,,lr /lr( 'l !i'y cLit' rliam A,. lJ,, () , r,itr .[ e 1l( l.
kh6c nhau.
2) Xin ndu r€n mdr s6 ban c6 ldi girli ror: Phf yCn:
li. e A1('1. ('7 e ,,11 81. Clririrg ntirrlt rt'irtg Phan MinhTri,laT, THPT chuyOn Luong Van Chrlnh;
..1,,1.. lll\.{'('. ddn,s qttl khi lr) chi Bdc Ninh: NguydnVdn Quj', l0T, THP| chuy0n Bic
khi
Ninh; Di Ning: Li Dinh Todn, llAr , THFrI chuy€n
..i'..1.. lJt /J.. ('r('. tlitr,q q rt _t,. LC Quf D6n; VInh Phic: Nguvdn Manh Qudn, lOA,,
THPT chuyen Vinh Ph[c; TP H6 Chi Minh: Nguyin
Ldi gitii. Goi Ar, 8,,, C.li giao didm cfra A.Ar, Hdng Son, l2T, THm chuy€n Ld Hdng Phong; Narn
BBr, CC, vdi BC, CA, AB theo rhr? ru Dinh: Ngu-vdr Ngoc An, l0T, THff chuy€n L6 Hiing
Phong; Thanh Hoiz Ddo Quang Hori, l0T, THPT
(hinh v6).
chuyOn Lam Son; Trdn Thi Hdng Di€u, I lE, THFrf Ha
Trung; Hi N6i: Ngu.vdn Thi Ngoc Anh, Nguv€n Drlrc
Manh, 10T., Khdi THFrf chuydn DHSP HA Noi, Iruiz
Nhiit Tdn, l2T, , Ta Ngoc Ctinh, I lT,, Khdi THFrf
chuy€n DHKHTN. DHQG He Noi.

NGUYEN MINH HA

'tllai Ill377. (.'lro ltu tr! tlicrr t.(t diitr tltur,rl

vd tlictr ticlt tlrri'lr.t lt) ('r =, 2pI]' . Q, = 401rC ;
(i = -5pLF,0: = 30lt(- i ('r : 4prlr, Q, = 2(]lL['.
Cfir birr cr.tc A, D vd G mttrg tliirr tich dttrrt,q.
1, . \, .1, Mit'r'tit'tt.r ii{tt tt'rtt /lrco hitrlr l.llit rittlt ciit
hilrt diitr tlrc' L) p;i. U,1,r. U.rr.
Chd ), rang AA,, BBt, CC I ddng quy, ta c6

,\B
.BrC .*{!
,CrA:!'\'ts .Sarac ,. +1t+_
A.C 4A qB S,r,,tc Snraa Scrco

s tr,ts s sr.tc, s rtr.qa,

.,-{t!-
t: t

s A.,AC,,' s,qrlBr' s oro, r\I

sa* sqr+ sqx, scrcz scrca, scrcz, l{itrlt
-
squr, s4*, sq* scrcq scrct, scrco Ldi gitii. Til hinh 2
ta c6
AB A2C1 Ag BC B2Al U,,, -Uy11 *Up,.
ACt A2A AC BAt _Q,
c,+9) tn
B2Cl

BCt CA C2B CAI

ct
=Q, c2

BA CB C2AI CB Theo dinh ludt bio

toin di6n tich ta c6
A2Ct B2At C2Bt CAt Bq ABI Qe +Q,; : Qt +Q3
A2$ B2Ct ClAt BAt ACt CBl = 40+20:60(ttC) llirth )
A2Ct B2At CzBr , A2Ct B2At C2Bl
vd 8H + Qt, = Qo - Q;= I -I =30 -20 =1X7q; .
A2Bt' B2Ct'C24" AzBr' B2Ct'C2At'
Suy ra Qe = 60 - Qr;; Qo =10 + Qr;.

s6
.581
t"CInru l.{ffc
(5-2ooe) t ciljrdig6 25
Thay vho (1), ta c6 quay quanh tAm Trdi Datl R lh brin kinh Tr6i
6o-Qr;
=
O,, l0 + O,, Dat. Chu ki dao d6ng cua con l6c ld
2 45 I
Tinh to6n ta duoc T =2n
,,;
560 .c-_YoR
Q,, -- _ x29.47(pC); Qt=30,53(pC);
l9 Khi con thu chuydn dOng doc X(ch Dao theo
Qo =39,47(ptC).
huong ddng r,6i rrAn tdc 1,. chu ki dao c16ng
cua con 16c bang
() 19 4'7

c, -1 'rt
I
--
'r*
LIL 2n :__,
URS_C
39'47
r'-. =Qt' -__5 : 7.g9(v)
,,v.\., {. - ''-*'lu'
o' ""''"5l I5.26( V)
Yd - 30 Ta c5
L/,,* =
Cr 2 =
:

o--
oR
U t's = -Usp =t Usr, = - l5-26V . J l+
'ti,v

(NhAn x6t. Cdc ban sau day c6 ldi gitii tot:

f d)f, ,,1,,) gfi
Vinh Phric: Ngnin Hrii Qudn,I lAl,1.'i; Ngoc Khdnh,
[t- R r['- sa )
llAI0, THPT chuy6n Vinh Phtlc, Ngrr,vrrr Iitr Dbttg, (6 tren ta da su dung c6c udc luong
l2Al, THPT Ng6 Gia Tu, L4p Thach; Bric Giang:
Ngrr,vlrr Vtitt Thiirt, I lA4 - K62, THPT Ngo Sr Li€n; v (( v6; t"''' aa I ).
Bic Ninh: Ngru.vliu Dti'r Klrtii, l2'l'o6n, THPT chuyen sR
Bic Ninh. lvltitr Vdn Yinh, I lA0, THf'}T YOn Phong I;
Hir Noi: Tli Honh, llAl, THPI Phing Khic
Ngrr.r,er NhAn x6t rang I'> I n€n d0ng hd chay chAm
Khoan, Thach Thit; Hii Duong: Phunt Dinlt di. Sau 3 gid, ddng h6 chay chAm Ih
Tuan,l2Al, THFrf Ke Sat, Binh Giang; Thanh Hori:
Nguyon \,:tin Dltc'. llG, THPT Hi Tlung, Ditnt Tridu ,\l
= Jl.1 T'
TgR -T\:
Dat, llBl,THPI'Tri0u Scrn 3. Plmnt \:dn Tutin. l2A, 2- A1.'n' .

THPT Mai Anh Tuan, Nga Scrn; Ngh6 An: Ng'ro'.:ri

Dirth Nhanr, llA4, THPf chuy6n Dai hoc Vinh; Hi
finh: Cri Hrt.y Tlti€tt, llAl, TIIPT Nguydn Van Troi, I2nR
LOc H); Quring Ngni: Ngrrr4t Td'n Dong, llL(.Tritt
Do u,, = nen ta dUOc
7i'
Qui'c Brio, llLi, Ngrr,r,lrr Ngoc Duy, l2Li. Plnnt Hd
Nghta, I lTo6n, THPT chuy0n L€ Khiet; Binh Dinh:
Plnn Ddng Thtinlt, I lA I, THm chuyOn Le Quj Don, r = Lt.2T'v - r.2n'12'5 = l(.s). E
Binh Dinh; Kon Tum: Ngrr,vrirr Du'c Dottg. llAl , ETu 10.24
THPT chuye n Kon Turn. (Nhnn x6t. Nhfng ban sau dAy c6 lt)i gi/ri tot:
NGUYEN VAN THUAN Quring Ngii: Ngrr.l,Ctt Ttiit Dortg, Tritt Qto1' Bdo,
I I Li, THm chuyOn Le Khiet.
Bdi LZl377. M\r con tAu tli doc Xch Dao NGUYEN XUAN QI ANG
theo lurrrng Ddng r'(ri t'At1 tu'c 45 kmlh. Hrii
d6ng hi quii lcic dut tt'1n (on tdu sd clruv
nhanh hay r-hdnt bao nhi€rt sau 3 gid? Gi(i Nhin lin
thi€t dorrg lri clrcty clfing kli tciu cl{mg 1t€n ? C6c ban dogt giAi cita CuQc thi GidiTodn
Ldi gidi. Khi con thu dring yen, con 16c chiu
vA Vil li tr6n tqp chi THTT nAm hQc
2007 - 20AA (dAc biet lA c6c bqn l6p 9
ti{c dung cua hai luc: trong luc mg vd luc qu6n
vb 12) ndu chrra grli dia chi m6i hay g&i
tinh li ta^ *!^3 , trong d5 v6 ld vAn tdc cua gdp t6i Tda soqn dd nhqn Giai thuAng va
GidY khen'
R
m6t clidm tren Xich Dao trong chuy(in ddng tu THTT

26 -ctrdift@
TONN HOC
 DE RA... (Tiep n.ang 16)
1) Kh6a K chuydn sang chot A, sau m6t thdi nhu hinh v6. Pittdng tr6n
gian ngan thi thanh MN dat vAn roc dn dinh. duoc ddy chAm dd n6n khi
GiAi thich hien tuong trOn vd tinh vdn toc dn cho den khi n6 di qua vi tri
dinh cua thanh MN khi d5. ban ddu cua pitt6ng du6i.
2) Tinh nhi€t luong tdng c6ng toa ra rrong 1) H6i khi d6 pittong dudi
mach sau khi d6ng kh6a K vlo ch6t A. Bo qua dang 6 vi trf neo? Cho tiet
moi ma sdt, xem di€n tro cua mach ld du ldn. di0n ngang cira xilanh ld S,
PHAM XUAN MAI i4p sudt khi quydn I) p,,. 86
(GY THPT clutyitt NguyittTrtii, Hcii Drortg) qua moi ma s6t, coi nhiOt
do khi khdng thay ddi.
Bni L2l381. Hai pitt6ng c6 chidu ddi kh6ng
ddng ke, khoi luo.ng b[ng nhau vd bang lz 2) Tinh c6ng da thuc hiOn.
x^.
duoc dat trong m6t xilanh thing dring chfa DO TUAN
khi vd dang o trang thdi cAn bang nhi€t d6ng (GY THPT clut,-in \:tnh Pluic)

FNB$,S{S H$ TRtitS tri$Nn

FOR LOWER SECOND,\RY SCHOOLS another point N on the opposite ray of BE
TIl381. (For 6tr gracle) Reanange the following such that fidB = MCb Prove that MC is the
rational numbers in irrcreasing order. angle-bisector of DMN.
1005 1007 1009 101 I
F'OR UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS
2oo2'2006' 2010' 2014
T2l38l. (For 7'h grade) In an isosceles
T61381. Prove that the equation xt + 3y' : 5
triangle ABC (at vertex A), choose a point M has infinitely many rational solutions.
such that fui' = fiiA = frCa. Compare rhe T7l381. If a, b, c are the lengrh of the sides
areas of the triangles ABM and CBM. of a triangle, prove that
ttl _::
T3/381. Determine the sum of all rational
Jub + at' Jbc + bo Jca + r'b -
numbers of the fo.m I where a, b arenatural ltl l_
b
divisors of 27000 and gcd(a, b) = l. .,lu: +bt' Jb) +crc Jc: +ub
T4l381. Given a, b, c such rhat T8/381. I-rut ABCD.A'B'C'D 'be a paratlelepiped
and let S, 52,53 denote the aleas of the sides
a> 0. b > c, a2 : bc, o + b +c = abc.
ABCD, ABB'A', and ADD'A' respecrively.
Prove the inequalities Given that the sum of squares of the areas of
ouJj,b>Ja,o<c<.6. all sides of the tetrahedron AB'CD 'equals 3,
find the smallest possible value of the
following expression:
T5/381. I.r.t ABCD be a quadrilateral where
Dc:fu =9g" and EdD<90o. Choose a , =r(!*l*l)+:rs, +s, +s,)
pointE on the opposite ray of AC such that [s, s2 s, /
DA is the angle-bisector of BDE. Let M be
chosen arbitrarily between D and E, choose Translated by LE MINH HA

s6
. 581
TOAru
(5-2ooe) & GTudiue 27
ngc

V ,'' ti-'tr,irtt lutc 2008 - 20()q sich .r4itio l:ltou
A 77;,,7, ltt.,t- l2 t'i nhirrtg, tltu.v t'.ll6li. l'ltitr
Phto'ng phip toa clo trong khong gictn giri
Itit' lli c,ir bi pldn Phu:ong trtnh fting qudt
ctla du'ilng thdng t'it ltl'ruo'ng tfinh chtim mat
phiing. Chim mtit plrtirtg ld nu.)t cort,! t r.r nrurilr
t,d t'at hint hilu girip gitii quy'Ot ctit liti totitr t'ti
vi0t plnrtttrg tt'itilt ctitt ntt.)t nt(.il plr,itt,; \P ) nttt t t',
giti tltifi (P) chilu ntdt tltt't'rtg thiing Ql1 ru'trt tlri.
Vd,- r,'6'i ccic bdi totiu t'[ viir phutrng tt'irth trttit
plrtlng mr) /it tntric diir nu.\' tu pluii tlirtr,q Llt;it
clitm ntrit phting lhi gir'r dtit' plrc'ii gii'ii tltt'it rtltrt
rhi'rttio? Ctirt trr'i lii ti c/, ttltiart ltrrri'ttg tli'gitii
t1tn,|i, tin, lhtfit' v)o giti tlrili ctitt lx)i tt;itr ri't.
'lrortg ltiti viit rrtiv rltrirtiq toi giri'i tlrictt nrr.',t
plrrkrrtg phtip t'ti tinh clui't trltt,q ilttrit tli' gitii
qu1,tt cdc btii totirt ntd tt'tfti't' Llrit' plili tlfurg dcir
phrt'rrng plrcip t-luint rntit pluitt,q.

pr|rruTt$ pltffp udT pl{tr0Ttff TRiIl[I [t|[T pHffrls

ffiHmmffi@ffire*m mffiffiffi@

A. PHTIT)NG I'HAP Ii. (lAC BAI TOI\N N{INH HOA

Gii sir y€u cdu cira dd bii ld vi4i phtong trinh (JBai to:in l. l.c.ip plrrktttg trinh r-ilct nttit
cria mdt phdng (P), bidt rang (P) clu?a dudng plttirtg (l') ti tpttt irk'nrg tlrtin,q
thdng d ( Cdn c6 thOm giri thidt kh6c nfra). , .t'-li r'- I :
Ta thuc hi6n theo c6c budc sau: -t 1 4
ri ticit .utii' vri'i nrcit cdu (S):
+ Tim m6t didm M(xo,!oizo). d .
:0.
.r, +J,.2 +22 _-2x*41t_6: _6J
+ Tim m6t vecto chi phuong (VTCP) cia d,
giii sii Ih i = (a;b;c) . Ldi gitii. Cdch gidi theo phuong phdp cfi
@nng chilm mdt phdng)
mit phing (P) c5 dang
+ Phuong h'inh
Ta nhAn thdy PT m4t cdu (S) ld
A(x - B(y
xs) + - !o) + C(z - zo) :0 (x-l)' +(y -2)2 +(z -3)3 :81.
(A, + 82 +C2 +0) (1)

: VQy (S) c6 tam I G :2;

3), bdn kinh R = 9 vh
+ Dirng di6u ki6n i ti vdi fi (A;B;C) , ta (P)
nhdn mit phing di qua dudng thing d ldm
duoc aA + b.B + c.C =0 (2) mdt tidp di0n ndn d(I, (P)) = 9 (*).
Trong ba hO sd A, B, C, tU (2) c6 thti nit mdt
he sd theo hai h€ sd cbn l4i rdi thay vho (1). Do d6 bii to6n lAp phuong trinh tidp diQn
Khi d6 trf (1) chi cbn chrla hai hQ sd (ching tudng duong vdi bdi to6n lAp phuong trinh .0

han A vh B), tidp tuc sft dung giA thiet cdn lai mat phing (P) trong ch[m mat phing di qua d "i-

dd x6c dinh chfing. vi th6a m6n didu kiOn (*). c

'(c
F

TONN HOC
28 t crfuAg+ sS aat tr-zoos)
Ta c6 PT dudng thing tdng qu6t cua r/ ld Thay vio PI (P) ta clu_o. c kdt qui
lx+y-12 -0 (P,):-2x+2y-z+28=0;
l4x+ z-52:0. (Pr): 8x + 4y +z- 100 = 0. fl
Phuong trinh cta mp(P) chta d c6 dang: Onei i;oitt 2.1/it)t plrrtrtrg tt-itrh ntcit plrtittg
),(x + y -12) + p(4x + z -52) = 0 v6i ),2 + fi *0. (P) cltirt giuo trtviit tl ctiu hui mtit plrcing (Q)
yr) (R) r'ai
e (7 + 4trt): + Xy + ytz - l2J" - 521t = g.
(0)."r+.),+;-3=0,
Ta c6 (R): 2-r+,y+z-4=0
l-eL-a5pl t,ei tuo t'rii mp(Or1t) mit g(tc 6l-.
d(l,(P))=9€> -9.
J21, +17 t,, +W Loi gidi. D€ thdy, dudng thing d di qua clidm
a M(l ; I ; 1) vh cS VTCP y =(0 ; I ; -l).
-22 +27p+8p: = 9.
Do mp (P) di qua didm M n1n phuong trinh
Chon 2 = 1, ta c6 -l + 2p + 8p? = 0. cua (P) c6 dang
,= -! 1 A(x -l)+ B(y *1) + B(z -1) = 0
T]m duo.c '24 hoac rr =
vdiA2+82+C2*0.
o ) = l: p'2=-+ c6 PT tiep diOn rhf nhar (pr): Lfi,bd6 fi =G;B:C)
Do(P) chfiad n€n il
*2x+2y-z+28=0. eB-C=0<>B=C.
. ) = t: p'4= + co PT riep diOn rhrl hai (pr): Vay (P): A(.r - l) + B(y - l) + B(z - 1) = 0,

8x+4y+z-100=0.fI Mat phing (Oxy) c5 VTPT [ = (0 ; 0 ; 1).

Theo giA thiet, ta c6
C6ch giii
theo phuong phrip kh6ng ding
chim mat phing cos60,, =; cos(rz,I) t <f I2= +trz a2pz
"l
Mat cdu (.9) c6 tdm I(1 ;2; 3) r,d biin kinh R = g.
e42-282=Oel
la=Jis
Dudng thhng d c6 VTCP , = (-l ;I ;4) vd c1i
l,a =
_r[is.
qua Mt l3 ; -l : 0;. VAy tim duo.c hai mat phing ld

Do mat phing (P) chira didm M, n€n phuong @): Jix+y+z-Jr-2=o;

trinh cua (P) c6 dang @): J-2x - y - z -J-z *2: o. J
A(x-13)+B(y+I)+Cz=0 ()gei to6n 3. Vi1i phrrntg trinh nttir pltdrtg
vdi A2 + 82 + C2 +A.
Dilng diOu kiOn i Lfi, vdi fi=(A;B;C), ta (R) di qrtu tlk'nrg
duoc-A +B+4C=0.
Thay A = B + 4C vho phuong trinh cira (P), t'ti ttto vrti mcit phting (P); 2.r -y- 2: - 2=0
ta duo. c mit g(tc nlil ttlrci't.
(P): (B + 4C')x + By + Cz -128 - 52C = 0 .
Ldi gidi. Dd thdy, dudng thdng d di qua clidm
(P) tiep xric vdi (S) e d(I, (P)) = 9 M(0 ; -l ;2) vd c6 VTCP v = (-1 :2 ; l).
<+ | ,3 + 5C i= .,1282 +8BC +17C2 Do mp (R) di qua cliem M. n€n phuong rrinh
(R) c6 dang
o B) -2BC'-BCr = o olB=4c
_2C. A(x - 0) + B(y+ l) + C'(z -2) = O
lB =
vdi A2 +82 + C2 + 0. 6r

TORN HQC
s6 381 (5-2ooe) & cftdiuA 29
Do (R) chta d n6n rl Lfi, vdi fi=(A;B;C) D,IT AX PHtl. .. Qiap ftang 2)
c)-A+28+ C=0e> A=28+C.
Mat kh6c ti a2 +b2 +c2 =90
Goi a li g6c tao b&i (R) vh (F), ta c6 e (x+ 4)2 +(y+5)2 +(6+ z)z =99
COSA =
l-ryi <+x2+y2+22+8.x+l0y+l2z=13 (l)
'{5v aaB{l2l;
Do 0<x+y+z<l <+(x+_t",+z)2 <l
. Neu B = 0 thi (r=90".
.=>x2 +y2 +22 +2(ry+y'z+zx)<l
oNeu B*O,ditt nt=9 tu.6 =ur'*y'+22 < 1(vix ) 0;y 2 0;z > 0).
B

COSf/=::
11 I Khi dir ta c6
tlz*'+4m+5 2(m +D:13- J3 x2 + y2 +22 +8x+l 0),+122
=Qx2 + y2 + z2)+12(x+ y + z) - 4x -2y< I +l 2:13 .
anh6 nhat o ."uo=;f €) m= -l <> B=-C.
DiAu ndy mAu thLrAn vdi ding th['c ( l).
VQy PT mat phing(,D): -r + y * z + 3 = 0. fl
I n'
,''). cAn chfing rnirrh. O
d6 ta co di0u
).

NhAn x6t. 1) Phuong phiip tr0n c6 tinh chat

tdng quiit, c6 thd vAn dung dd giai cdc bii
to6n v6 r,iet phucrng trinh cua mp (P) v6i gii
thidt Ia (F) chfra duong thing r/ v6i phuong
trinh cua r/ lh phucmg trinh tham so hoac chinh
tic hay d ll giao tuyen cua hai mit phing.
O6 ban doc ti6p thu drLcvc bdi vitit, xin nrdi
c6c ban hdy gi6i c6c bdi tgp du6i dAy.
1. Cho n sd nr,a2....,a, th6a rndn cli6Lr ki€n
a1*o2+"'+a,t=l . Chilng minh rlng

2) Neu c6c ban muon ding phuong trinh oi +u1+"'+a,l21 .

n
chirm mat ph8ng thi c6 thd trinh bdy theo
c6ch sau dAy: 2. Chrl'ng rninh ring:
N6u rz >3, b> 3. cr2 + b) > 25 th\ cr+h>-1
Cu thd ta giii lai Bni 1rrr,in 2 & tr€n: .

X6t phuong trinh

3. Cho cr) c ) 0, b > c. Chilng rninh ring
l .

n(x + y + z -3) + n(Zx + y + z - 4) = 0 (*) .,!c(a-c) +.'i c'(b-c) <-l uh . ''

(m2 + n2 +0). 4. Cho ba sd a, b, c thoi mdn 0 1 a 12,0 < b s2.

Ta sd chfng to phuong tlinh 1*'; Ih phucrng trinh 0 S c < 2 vd a + b * c= 3. Chfi'ng minh ring
cua mdt mat phiing chtta d. Thdt vAy, ta c6 a) a2 +b2 +c2 <5 ; b) ct3 +bt +cr <9 .

( *) <+ (m+2n)x +(m + n)y +(m+ n)z -3m- 4n = 0.

5. Cho P :
(u + b)(b + c)(c + a) - abc v6i
DAt A = n1 +2n, B = m + n, C = m 4 n. Do a, b, c ld c6c s6 nguy6n. Chilng minh ring
m' + n2+ 0 n6n de ding suy ra A2 + B + Cz *0. n€u o + b + c chia h6t cho 4 thi P chia h6t
V4y (*) ld phuong trinh ctra mOt mit phing, cho 4.
ta goi mit phing nhy ld (P). Goi M(x; y ; z) lh' (G(ri y Ddt a 1 b + c : 4k voift ld s6 nguy6n).
didm bat ki thu6c d, ta thdy toa dO cia M (0; l)
6. Cho bdn s6 a, b, c, c/thu6c khoang
cflng th6a mfin (*). Y4y M thudc (P). Didu
thoA min diAu kiQn
ndy chfng to mat phing (P) chrla d. Tidp tuc
(t -oxl -b)(l -cxl - d\= abcct .
lAp lu4n nhu tr6n ta sE chon dr.toc c6c giri tri
cia m vh n thfch hgp r,I di den ket quri. Chri'ng minh ring a2 +b2 +c2 +d2 >1 .

TOfiN HQ(
AO t +,rdi&6 sti sar (r-zoos)

HOC (a
p huo'ng rrinh (PT) b4c cao
I ho',, hoac bing 5 torrg qu6t
kh6ng gi6i duo-c b[ng
thric. VAy nhirng PT ndo thi c6
tlte giai du'o-c?. Vd phan loai
ch[rng nhu' tlr6 ndo? Trud'rrg
ho-p.PT b{c 6 vira cluo-c giAi
quy6t.
Lich st' crja vi6c gi6i cric PT
bang cal thfc thu6c loai cd
di6n nh6t trong to6n hoc. Lirc
dALr. c6 bdi to6n Giai nhirng
-__ -o trinh da thirc.
Tthrrmg
a
trong d6 ph6i tinr rO
hoac nhiing s6.r thoA rndn
rlang thfc dang P(x) : 0. V6
tr6i P(x) ld mQt da thric v6'i h6
s6 tlruc, chlng han phuo-ng
trirrh7xa*3x2-x+8:0.
"84c" cua. PT le gi6 tri l6n
rrlrat cua so mu nrd arr s6 du'o. c
n6ng I6n, trong thi dr,r tr6n, bAc
c[ra PT ld 4.
C6i kh6 cira vi6c gi6i c6c PT
da th[rc phu thuoc vao b6c cua
phu'ong trinlr c6n giAi.
tl6y ho'n 3000 ndm,
Babylon da d.6 t4i clro clrfrng ra
nhirrrg vdn blng tl6t sdr co ghi
l'. Turtogliu
* PT md Abel d€ xudt.
il499 t557)
nhfr'ng bdi to6n (c6 thii ld ddnh
cho hoc sinh), nhfr'ng bdi todn
ndy, gi6i thich theo ng6n ngfr'
lri6n dai. ld gi6i c5c PT b?rc 2.
PhAi cho'd6n thd'i Phuc hung 6
Y m6i c6 nhfr'ng PT' b6c 3 vd
bArc 4 gihi duoc mdr c6ch t6ng
qu6t. Vdo the ki XYl, IVicolo
Tartaglio cho nh[r'ng c6ng
thri'c t6ng qu6t d6 gi6i nhiLng
PT d6. Lich sfl cira c6c^c6ng
th[rc (16 la m6r chu6i
c6o vi0c l6y k0t qud c[ia nhau,
Feronte Cardan l6y k6t quA
cdn
cita Tartaglia, chfnlr Tartaglia
dd l6y k6t qLrA cfia Scipio del
Ferro vC PT bAc 3.
TLry nhi6n, kh6ng
c6 ai
d6
duo'c
nhfr'ng
phuong trinh
cao hon. VAothC ki XIX.
Nhd to6n hgc Niels Abel
(1802 - 1829) (Na. Uy), <ld
ra m6t thi du vO PT bdc 5
khdng giAi dugc bing cdn
C6clr
thLi'c. t{lc ld v6'i PT ndv c5c
ngtrd'i
nghi6nr kh6ng bi6u thi duoc
du6'i dang t6ng, tich, thuo'ng
ho[c c6n cira nhii'ng s6 thuc.
Noi c6ch khiic, ban c6 th6 h6n
lrqp tui, y' mu6n c5c kf hi6u
to6n hoc dd tao thdnh nhfr'ng
s6 ph[r'c tap nhu
(Vt+Jz +'lz+t,lnt+)
(:*J::) ) thu'c vdn chu'a kdt thric.
kh6ng bao gid ban c6 dugc
m$t trong nhfr'ng nghi6m cira
,
Sn ogl
','.,,,,..,,,,,,,.. .'',.,,,,.,,.,,,,,',.,, n. ]
E. Golois
(t8t
1 - t832)
it l6u sau, nhd to6n hoc nguo'i
t6 Phiry Evar.iste Galois s6ng I6p
ra lf thuy6t mang tOn 6ng,. tir
116 chrlnrg minh chat ch6 rdng
PJ bac l6'n hon hay bang 5
tQng qu6t kh6ng gi6i du'o-c
bdng can thri'c. Til ddy, cdc
nhd to6n hoc m6'i kh6n-e chir
tArn tirn toi nhiurg c6ng th['c
sau
nghiCm cho PT bAc 5 hodc
c6
nhirng PT bdc l6n ho-n 5.
HAt chuydn? Kh6ng! Ndrr
1991, David Dummit, trlrotrg
Dai hAg Vermont nh6n
. x6t rdng, ngay ca khi
. ngu'd'i ta kh6ng thd gi6i
tet ca c6c FT bac 5 bang
cdn th[Lc, vin c6 mgt s6 fT
c6 thC giqi du'o. c. David
Dummit thiOt lAp danh muc
chung nhfr'ng PT.d6 vd cho
nhfr'ng c6ng thti'c dC gidi chfing.
bdc
Caroll Bowell vh Lcrwrence
Glasser, truo'ng Dai hgc
Clarkson d bang NewYork thi
quan t6m d6n PT bdc 6. Hs
dua
cho danh rnuc t6t ch cic PT da
tlrilc bdc 6 giai du'o'c birrg can
lhilc (klrong nhi6u) vd ca
nhfr'ng c6ng thfr'c nghiCrn
tu-ong. [r'ng. Nhfr'ng c6ng thrl'c
ndy r6t philc t4p, c6 c6.u trfic
lArn nho.lai nhu'ng c6ng thIc
tld bi6t ve P'f b6c 3.
B0y.gio'cdn phAi tim cSch giii
quy0t nhfr'ng PT bac cao hon.
Nhu vay cdu chuyQn gihi
nlrfr'ng_phuong trinh bang can
NGUYEN VAN TUITVI
(Theo La Recherche
thingT --8 .2005)
rqflry noc
(a-?o!e) & qfudi*A 5l
 xL',\T'- BAN I.U' 1961
1o,p *fi 70/fi1,*Q0 uA 77{rt1 Rg I0a soAn : 1878,
Sa'381$.2AAs)
phri; ClAno Ud, Hi|
0T Blen taE: 04.351 2'l 607
ilgi

Mdiltp**,f,;ot *rd Ewrfh fuf,qnf,i,t e 0I - tax Phil hinh, Tri sU:04.35144272, c4.35121606
Emall: laFshll0anh0c lu0llle@yans0.csni.!,rI

I fJAN CO I,'A]V KHOA I{OC,' CH I{] TIT,lC H NT{ TEX,T XLT,.I 7' l].1.\
Chu Lich H6i ddng Quan tr:i kiOm
GS, TSKH. NGUYEN CANH TOAN
Tdng Gi6m Gi6o duc
GS. TSKH. rnA.N vaN NIIIJNG $oc \Xn.
NCO TIi,AN AI
?S, NCLN'EN VAN VONG
I'}h6 Tong Gi6rn doc kiem
I cs. ooAN euiNn Tdng bien lAp NX.tt GiSo duc
PGS. 7S. TRAN VAN HAO N(iLnEN QIIYTHT\O
HOI RISN TAP
DOATO
T6:ng bi€n tap : PGS S. PHAN DOAN THOAI Ph6 T6,ng bi€n tdp; IS. PHAM THI BACH NGQC
rs. TRAN DiNH CHAU,7}s. NGUY6N] aNI-I DUN(i. ?S..I'RAN NANI I)UNG.7S. N(iUYEN NIINH DU('.
?s. NGUYEN MrNH HA. ?S. NGUYEN VrET HAr, pGS. 7S. t,n qU6C HAN, 7rS. PIIANI VAN HUN(;,
PGS. ?S. VU THANII KHIfiT, GS. TSKH. NGUYEN VAN MAU, ONg N(IUYEN KHAC NIIN}{,
?s. TRAN Hw NAM, pGS. rS. N(it aEN DAN(; pUAr, pCS. ?S. TA DLlr PHuoNG, ?/2S. N(iLn'EN TH6 THACH,
GS. TSKH. DANG HUNG THJ(NG, T[S. VU KIM THUY, PGS. ?S. VU DUONG THUY,
GS. TSKr-r, NG6 VrET TRUNI}, rrd QUANG VrNH.
"ftS.

TRONC SO NAY
Dinh cho Trung hoc Co sd - For Lower Phuong phrip girii todn - Ilath Problem
Secondary School Solving
Le Bd Hoiing - Dat dn phu cho nhidu bdi Ddng Thanh Hai, Trdn Tuyet Thanh -
to6n lhi chon hoc sinh gioi. Phr-idng ph6p lttong gi6c h6a.

Ldi giAi dd thi vio l6p 10 chuy6n to6n
tn-iong TH PT Thr.tc hanh Stt phAm,
DHSP TP. 116 Chi Minh. tram hoc
2008 - 2009,
Dd thi 16p 10 chuy6n to6n trtidng THPT
chuy6n Hring Y6n, nim hoc 2008 - 2009.
(S ,U ra ki nh.y - Problerns in This Issue
T1/381, ..., T8/381, L1/381, L21381.
Cuoc thi gi:ii to6n Ki niem '15 nam tap
chi To:in hoc vi Tuoi tre - The M&Y 45'r'
Anniversary Contest
Ti/THCS. T2/THCS, T1/THPT. .T2/THPT.

ffD UUn doc tim tbi - Reader's Contributions Gi:ii bni ki trudc - Solutions to Previous
PhamThinh-Duong thing Simson mii r6ng. Problenrs
Giii c6c bii cria so gZZ.
Chuzin bi thi vio dai hqc - University Di0n din day hoc to6n - Math Teaching
Entrance Preparation
Forunr
Nguy€n Anh Dfing * Gi6i han cria hdm Nguydn Vdn Qui -,Phrrong phrip viet
so vA m6t sd dang to6n c6 1i6n quan. phuong trinh mAt phang khi khong dung'
phridng trinh chum mat phAng.
Thu sric trudc ki thi
Nguydn. Vdn Th1ng - Dd so 3. Lich su todn hoc - History of Maths
Nguydn Vd.n ThiAm - Giai nhtng phtidng
Nguy|n Van Thuan.- Httong dan on tAp trinh bAc 6.
morr Vat li thi tuv6n sinh Dai hoc, Cao .(
ding nIm 2009. Bia 2. Ciu lac bo - Math CIub .ia

Chi de: Ddng di6n xoay chi6u. Bia 3. Gi:ii tri torin hoc - Math Recreation ;
.(C
(
F

MT thuat: MINH THO

Chdbdn:
--,--- t tCUl'nN THI OANH
 a b c d e f

ieii tri tooa fuec

Ttaa, b dmdnrnlanl.,
7l rh6, 0 o h*q aitg canh no
7A) ilahl hijr" XaAn hii n b
f*i*o il nlaihanhdru? r
;;;;;;'TPAU
X#fffitr lUrt lrqq
?nAh7hL,lqt/0nhanIa.
?li,h" &rAlc bl?ah A 6 Ni gha, PHAN cuNo oOc
lKhoo Todn, DHKHTN Hd NOil

*iltueh
ilhw#6ffiftffiffi* ffi
-:_
Mffidhq
ffiE Tqp chf THTT xin tr6n trong gi6i rhigu v6i bon dgc cudn s6ch
"45 dd thi
To6n chgn lgc cdp Trung hec co s6 2005-2oog', . Gi6 bio 2g.sood. cudn
t15 s6ch s6 gi0p cho cdc bsn dong hgc THcs vd dqc bigt la cdc bon tap r on
LirorGrorloc luygn vd chudn b1 r6t cho ki thivdo l6p i o THpT ndm hqc 2o0i -zcit
cAP TRUilG xoc co sd o ua
-
ttr *{6iflx Ed [Ail
nhrng ndm ridp theo. c6c bon hay tim muo dd dgc cudn sdch ,ay *e.
6tHvaei6m
oE iHr EH6N Hgr sft o6t tr 9
Dlo chi lien he: Tqp chiTodn hgc vd Tudi 116, I gZB Gidng V6, Hd N6i

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