Name of Institution

AINN
B.Sc. Hons. Programme, 1st semester

Fundamentals of Neurophysiology
Dr. Juni Banerjee

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 Cranial Nerves Name of Institution

12 pairs arise from brain

• I. Olfactory • VII. Facial
• II. Optic • VIII. Vestibulocochlear
• III. Oculomotor • IX. Glossopharyngeal
• IV. Trochlear • X. Vagus
• V. Trigeminal • XI. Accessory
• VI. Abducens • XII. Hypoglossal

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 3 main functions of Name of Institution

Cranial nerves

1. They provide the motor and sensory innervation of

the skin, muscles and joints in the had and neck.

2. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste etc

3. They carry the parasympathetic innervation of

autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions such
as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure etc

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 I. Olfactory Name of Institution

• Sensory nerve
• Dendrites in nasal
mucosa and Axon
ends in olfactory
bulb
• Function: Smell

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 II. Optic Name of Institution

• Sensory nerve
• Function: Sight
• Retinas to thalamus
– pathways from
thalamus to
primary visual
cortex

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 III. Oculomotor Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Motor fibers
– to four extrinsic
muscles of eye:
• Superior rectus
• Inferior rectus
• Medial rectus
• Inferior oblique
• Proprioceptive sense
from same 4 muscles
• Function: Eye
movements
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 IV. Trochlear Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Function: Eye
movements
• Motor fibers
– to one extrinsic
muscle of eye:
• Superior
oblique
• Sensory
– Proprioceptive
sense from same
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 V. Trigeminal Name of Institution

• Largest cranial nerve

• Mixed nerve
• Sensory fibers from
face
– Touch
– Temperature
– Pain (esp. of
teeth)
• Motor fibers to
chewing muscles

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 VI. Abducens Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Function: Motor
– fibers to one
extrinsic
muscle of eye:
• Lateral
rectus
• Sensory
– Proprioceptive
sense from
same
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 VII. Facial Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Motor fibers
– to muscles of face,
facial expression
– Parasympathetic
fibers to lacrimal &
salivary glands
• Sensory
– Proprioceptive
sense from facial
muscles
– Taste sensations
from anterior 2/3rds
of the tongue
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 VIII. Vestibulocochlear
Name of Institution

• Sensory nerve
• Vestibular branch
from vestibule &
semicircular canals
– Sense of balance,
equilibrium
• Cochlear branch from
cochlea
– Sense of hearing

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 IX. GlossopharyngealName of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Motor fibers
– to some swallowing
muscles
– Autonomic fibers to
parotid glands(?)
• Sensory
– Innervates taste
buds in the
posterior 3rd of the
tongue.
– Stretch receptors in
carotid body
(?/HW) 12
 X. Vagus Name of Institution

• Mixed (“the wanderer”)

• Autonomic fibers
innervate smooth
muscle in heart,
trachea, esophagus,
stomach etc.
• Motor fibers to larynx,
pharynx and control
speech
• Sensory from larynx,
pharynx, abdomen and
innervates taste buds.
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Spinal nerves Name of Institution

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Please Refer books Name of Institution

and prepare slides for

XI & XII cranial nerves!

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