SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)

PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts

Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each
sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that
best completes the sentence.
1. Effective staff members ___ to instructions.
A. always listen carefully C. carefully listen always
B. carefully always listen D. listen always carefully
2. Mr. Golino has been worrying too much and ___.
A. works too hard C. working too hard
B. worked too hard D. to work too hard
3. Staff meetings are held ___ in the third floor conference room.
A. rarely B. every week C. always D. sometimes
4. ___midnight, the security system turns on automatically.
A. To B. From C. At D. For
5. The project ___ to require more time than the contractors have available.
A. had seemed B. seems C. is seeming D. will seem
6. There has not been a great response to the sale, _____?
A. does there C. hasn't it
B. hasn't there D. has there
7. This can ___ enough soup for three people.
A. containing B. to contain C. contains D. is contained
8. This watch ___ to me by a friend.
A. gave B. is giving C. was given D. to give
9. ___ didn’t deliver the mail today.
A. For the postman C. The postman
B. Because of the snow D. Although the postman
10. Andrew likes ____.
A. fast cars C. he will buy a fast car
B. in a fast car D. that a fast car
11. There is no evidence to suggest that, at certain times of the year, smog in the Arctic is thicker ___
anywhere else on earth.
A. of smog C. smog
B. that smog D. than smog
12. The term “money” ___ to any medium that is generally accepted in exchange for goods and
services.
A. referring C. to refer
B. can refer D. it refers
13. “Did you make that nice dress yourself?” “No, I had ___”
A. it made B. made it C. for me it made D. made it for me
14. “Mary really knows what’s going on around the world” “Yes, she’s really ____.”
A. informed well B. well inform C. informing well D. well informed
15. “Were you the one who called me late last night?” “It ____ me because my phone is out of order.”
A. can’t be C. shouldn’t be
B. can’t have been D. shouldn’t have been
16. Please fill _____ this online application form.

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 A. up B. on C. down D. out
17. "I've never seen that movie." "_____ have I."
A. So B. Either C. Neither D. Too
18. "Haven't you been to New York?" "_____been there."
A. Yes, I haven't C. No, I haven't
B. Yes, I wasn't D. No, I have
19. "Where does Helen live?" "She lives _____."
A. in the Moore Street C. at Moore Street
B. on Moore Street D. on the Moore Street
20. Tommy was one ______
A. of the happy childs of his class
B. of the happiest child in the class
C. child who was the happiest of all the class
D. of the happiest children in the class
21. Not only ___, but he also won the hearts of many as a chivalrous hero.
A. was an outlaw Jesse James
B. was Jesse James an outlaw
C. Jesse James was an outlaw
D. Jesse James being an outlaw
22. He _____ he was going to visit his sister in Ohio.
A. spoke that B. talked that C. said that D. told that
23. We _____ our favorite team's performance.
A. were disappointed by
B. were disappointed of
C. were disappointing
D. were disappointing in
24. "Did you fully understand what I meant?" "_____."
A. I think so B. So I think C. I so think D. So think I
25. Sorry to be late. I was delayed by _____.
A. a heavy traffic C. some heavy traffic
B. heavy traffic D. traffic being heavy
26. Take a coat____ you get cold.
A. in case B. provided C. while D. unless
27. I expect ___ a letter from my friend soon.
A. to receiving B. to receive C. receive D. receiving
28. You can watch TV after you ____ your homework.
A. are finishing B. have finished C. will finish D. had finished
29. You can keep fit ____ running up the stairs.
A. with B. by C. for D. to
30. If you can’t come tonight, ___ me a ring.
A. give B. you would give C. you to give D. to give
31. My younger brother plays _____.
A. the piano very well C. the piano very good
B. very good the piano D. very well the piano
32. Lauren _____ in Singapore.
A. growed C. grown up
B. grew up D. was grown up
33. "Which horse came in first?" "That tall black one _____."
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 A. has B. is C. was D. did
34. I couldn't find _____ your last question.
A. an answer to C. answering
B. an answer D. to answer
35. My father _____ to the Golf Club for the past 25 years.
A. was belonging C. has been belonged
B. has belonged D. has belonging
36. Portuguese is quite _____ Spanish.
A. similar C. similar to
B. similar from D. similar with
37. My youngest sister _____ last summer.
A. marriaged B. got married C. got marriaged D. was married to
38. Paper is _____ wood.
A. made by C. made from
B. made of D. made with
39. "How often do you play tennis?" "I play _____."
A. two times in a month C. two months a time
B. two times a month D. two times of a month
40. John started his current job _____ October 10.
A. at B. on C. in D. to
41. “Do you exercise every day?” “I ___ jogging, but I don’t any longer.”
A. use to go B. used to going C. used to go D. am used to go
42. “I was late for class again.” “You ___ have remembered to set your alarm clock.”
A. should B. will C. must D. ought
43. “Why didn’t you finish your homework?” “Because I didn’t have ___ time yesterday.”
A. much B. too much C. some D. no
44. That’s the girl ___ grades were the highest in the school.
A. her B. who C. whose D. whom
45. “How was your party?” “Everyone from our class ___ there except for you.”
A. were B. was C. have been D. has been
46. I am slow to _____.
A. express my opinion C. make my views
B. express my viewing D. make my opinion
47. I have to have this report finished _____.
A. by Friday C. Friday before
B. until Friday D. Friday beginning
48. The ski resorts are usually crowded. There are many people _____ skiing.
A. enjoy C. who enjoy
B. that enjoying D. who enjoying
49. “How was your vacation?” “Great. I____”
A. enjoyed very much C. very much enjoyed
B. enjoyed it very much D. very much enjoyed it
50. Sarah wished she ____ lent her friend so much money.
A. hadn’t B. wouldn’t C. didn’t D. couldn’t
51. You haven’t written to me ____ months.
A. after B. for C. since D. from
52. Alfred has been out of work ___three days.
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 A. by C. in
B. since D. for
53. If he had known how to repair the toaster, he surely ___ her.
A. would tell C. will tell
B. would have told D. tells
54. Is the subway station only two blocks ___ here?
A. by C. to
B. from D. away
55. Our mother _____ scrub the kitchen walls and floor.
A. had us C. us had
B. had us to D. us to
56. "Could you do me a small favor?" "I'm sorry. I really _____."
A. am hurry C. have a hurry
B. am in a hurry D. am hurried
57. Would you care for _____ cup of tea?
A. another B. more C. one other D. some more
58. I'm right this time, _____?
A. agree with C. agree
B. agree to D. agree about
59. _____ who look for trouble usually find it.
A. Anyone B. These C. Those D. Them
60. The man ___ the office is the manager’s father.
A. is entering B. he’s entering C. enters D. entering
61. “How did you like the Chinese restaurant?” “Although I ___ Chinese food before, I really liked it.”
A. was never eating C. never eat
B. had never eaten D. have never eaten
62. “Do you want to play baseball?” “I haven’t played that game ___”.
A. since a long time ago C. a long time ago
B. since a long time D. for a long time
63. “It’s almost midnight and we have to get up early tomorrow.” “You’re right. It is time ___ to bed.”
A. for us going B. we went C. we’re going D. we would go
64. Never ___ allow him to treat you the way he does.
A. you should B. you shouldn’t C. should you D. shouldn’t you
65. “I’m going now! I’ll be back soon.” “Put on a jacket before you leave because ___ really windy
today.”
A. there’s B. it’s C. there has D. it has
66. “Did he answer the letter?” “As soon as he ___ it, he ___ down to answer it.”
A. reads… sits C. read … sat
B. has read… is sitting D. had read …sat
67. We missed the ferry. It ___ by the time we arrived at the pier.
A. went B. was going C. had gone D. has gone
68. “Where can they book seats for a trip to Songkla?” “___ interested can sign up here.”
A. Who B. Whoever C. Those D. They
69. A: What have you been improving?
B: Most of our improvements have been made in the home_______.
A. ourselves B. yourself C. themselves D. itself
70. "Where _____ last weekend?" "I went to see my aunt and uncle."
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 A. are you go C. are you went
B. do you go D. did you go
71. I was very surprised _____ that she didn't pass the exam."
A. hearing B. to hearing C. at hearing D. to hear
72. "Why _____ she isn't speaking to us?" "We must have done something that upset her. She is just too
sensitive."
A. are you think C. do you think
B. are you imagine D. you think
73. I hope that this winter won't be _____ last.
A. as cold as C. as cold like
B. so cold as D. so cold like
74. The sky is getting dark. It _____ rain is on its way.
A. looks B. looks like C. seems to D. will be
75. “What’s in the box?” “I don’t know. It ______ by anyone.”
A. never opened C. never did open
B. has never been opened D. never be opened
76. How long ____ your car?
A. are you having B. you have C. have you had D. you are having
77. It’s a long journey. It ____ four hours to get there.
A. is taking B. takes C. taking D. take
78. After ____ some time with my family, I travel to New York.
A. spending B. have spent C. have spending D. spent
79. _____ the audience safely left the theater through the fire exits.
A. Every one
B. Every member
C. Every member of
D. Every all of
80. What _____?
A. means this word C. is this word meaning
B. does this word meaning D. does this word mean
81. Pioneer men and women endured terrible hardships, and ___.
A. so do their children
B. neither did the children
C. also the child.
D. so did their children
82. ______, he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied more
B. If he were studying to a greater degree
C. Studying more
D. Had he studied more
83. Heather was born ___ at 3:30 in the afternoon.
A. at New York by August 7, 1966, C. in New York on August 7, 1966,
B. in New York in August 7, 1966, D. at New York at August 7, 1966,
84. The cyclist _____ he crossed the main street.
A. looked with caution after
B. had looked cautiously before
C. was looked cautious when
D. looks cautious when
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 85. There hasn't _____.
A. been a concert like this before
B. been a concert like before this
C. a concert been like this before
D. before a concert been like this
86. Last year, Matt earned ____ his brother, who has a better position.
A. twice as much as C. twice as many as
B. twice more than D. twice as more as
87. John's score on the test is the highest in the class; ___.
A. he should study last night
B. he should have studied last night
C. he must have studied last night
D. he must had to study last night
88. John said that no other car could go _____.
A. so fast like his car
B. as fast like his car
C. as fast like the car of him
D. as fast as his car
89. Mr. Roberts is a noted chemist _____.
A. as well as an effective teacher
B. and too a very efficient teacher
C. but he teaches very good in addition
D. however he teaches very good also
90. I want to tell you about the book______.
A. I read B. I read it C. I have read it D. for reading
91. I cannot understand my neighbor's accent. I wish she would _____.
A. speak clearer C. more clearly speak
B. clearer speak D. speak more clearly
92. "Why are you driving so fast?" "I'm _____."
A. must be hurry C. in a hurry
B. in hurry D. hurrying
93. I have your music CD. I think I _____ your concert video.
A. also have B. have too C. too have D. have further
94. People ____ always willing to switch to a better product.
A. is B. are C. be D. being
95. Our program is ____ selling software on the market.
A. the fast B. fastest C. faster D. the fastest
96. Many companies hire consultants to give ___ on special projects.
A. advise B. advertise C. advice D. adventure
97. Mr. Lee ___ his vacation after the project is completed.
A. will take B. took C. has taken D. taking
98. If everyone used public transport ____ less pollution.
A. there is B. there would be C. it will be D. it is
99. She telephoned me after I ___ to bed.
A. have gone B. had gone C. had been D. have been
100. Your exam results are poor. You ____ studied more.
A. had to B. should have C. would have D. must have
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 101. Karen’s stereo ___ before she uses it again.
A. should repair C. repair
B. repaired D. should be repaired
102. Marie ___ bake a cake for tonight’s party.
A. is able B. can C. has D. is
103. There was nothing to do ___ than (to) wait.
A. another B. other C. the others D. rest
104. I love listening ___ the music in my spare time.
A. at B. in C. for D. to
105. I___ love to visit Austria for my Christmas holiday.
A. will B. should C. could D. would
106. We went ___ every day during our holiday.
A. for shopping B. to shop C. shopping D. shop
107. ____ two and one half hours to climb to the top of the Empire State Building.
A. Typically taking it C. It typically takes
B. Typically takes it D. To take it typically
108. The common crow, ___ one of the hardiest birds in existence, can live up to eighty years.
A. is considered C. has been considered
B. considered it D. considered
109. Her grades have improved, but only _____.
A. in a small amount C. minimum
B. very slightly D. some
110. My older brother is _____.
A. he’s a doctor C. for a doctor
B. a doctor D. when he’s a doctor
111. ___ in the dorm is not always easy.
A. Living C. I live
B. While living D. When I live
112. He gave ___ a new bicycle.
A. he’s our son C. that’s our son
B. it to our son D. our son
113. ___practicing with the band this week?
A. Has been Paul C. Has Paul
B. Has Paul been D. Paul been
114. The committee decided to award the trophy to Hob and___.
A. myself C. myselves
B. I D. me
115. The detective thought the guilty party to be ___ because I had the strongest motive.
A. me C. myself
B. I D. mine
116. Would you mind ____ the book I gave you?
A. to return B. returning C. for returning D. to returning
117. Neither my brother ___ ever been to Texas.
A. or I have C. or me has
B. nor I have D. nor me have
118. Mr. Duncan does not know ___ the lawn mower after they had finished using it.
A. where did they put C. where they put
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 B. where they did put D. where to put
119. Our flight from Amsterdam to London was delayed ___ the heavy fog.
A. because of C. on account
B. because D. as result
120. You had better stay _____ home and get rid of your cold.
A. at B. in C. inside D. into
121. There were ____ tourists in Athens this year.
A. less B. lots C. much D. fewer
122. "Whose cell phone is this?" "It's _____"
A. the cell phone of my friend C. belong a friend of mine
B. my friend's D. one of my friends
123. We must leave the party at exactly 9:00; ___ we'll be late for work.
A. for else C. else
B. other D. otherwise
124. I hear you have started a new job. _____ like it?
A. How do you B. How C. What you D. What do you
125. I really have to go now. I have _____ the doctor.
A. appointments to C. appointment with
B. an appointment to D. an appointment with
126. I can meet you at Central Station. Will _____?
A. convenient for you C. that be convenient
B. that convenient D. you be convenient
127. I don't have any results for you today. I _____ tomorrow.
A. have any C. have some
B. may have any D. may have some
128. I would rather _____ a quiet cup of coffee in the office than sit in a noisy cafe.
A. have B. to have C. prefer D. prefer to have
129. Alfred Adams has not _____.
A. lived lonelynessly in times previous
B. never before lived sole
C. ever lived alone before
D. before lived without the company of his friends
130. Henry will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because ____ .
A. he must to teach a class
B. he will be teaching a class
C. of he will teach a class
D. he will have teaching a class
131. The teachers have had some problems deciding _____.
A. when to the students they shall return the final papers
B. when are they going to return to the students the final papers
C. when they should return the final papers to the students
D. the time when the final papers they should return for the students
132. She wanted to serve some coffee to her guests; however, _____.
A. she hadn't many sugar
B. there was not a great amount of the sugar
C. she did not have much sugar
D. she was lacking in amount of the sugar
133. After you finish your work, you ___ a break.
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 A. should take C. might have taken
B. have taken D. took
134. If Jackie is as sick as you say, she ____ see a doctor.
A. better C. had rather
B. had better D. would rather
135. Irene left New Hampshire in 1976 and ___ in Virginia since then.
A. worked C. has worked
B. will work D. work
136. Is it time for the lecture to begin yet? No, not___.
A. sooner C. already
B. yet D. until now
137. Ed promised Al that he ___ finish the work on time.
A. will C. shall
B. can D. would
138. Francis has always enjoyed ___ English.
A. studying C. to study
B. the study D. study
139. The ___ highways in the area make commuting difficult.
A. crowded B. crowding C. crowds D. crowd
140. ____ recent times, the discipline of biology has expanded rapidly into a variety of sub-
disciplines.
A. It is since C. Since it is
B. When D. In
141. By experimenting with garden peas, Gregor Mendel ___ some of the basic concepts
regarding the means by which genetic traits are passed from parents to offspring.
A. was derived C. he derived
B. deriving D. derived
142. ___ by word of mouth, much Native American literature is oral.
A. It is transmitted C. Transmitted
B. Transmitting D. Transmitted it
143. Bryan’s house ____ into several times.
A. had been broken C. broken
B. was broken D. had broken
144. Olivia ___ when her attorney arrived.
A. questioning C. being questioned
B. questions D. was being questioned
145. The message ___ on an envelope.
A. writing C. wrote
B. had written D. was written
146. These parrots ____ several words.
A. to say B. can say C. can be said D. saying
147. The architects want all the hallways ____.
A. widen B. widened C. widening D. to widen
148. “How long have you known John?” “We’ve been very good friends ___ high school.”
A. at B. since C. from D. in
149. “How is the soup?” “It _____.”
A. tastes delicious C. is tasting delicious
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 B. tastes deliciously D. is tasting deliciously
1. The doctor advised me ___ in bed.
A. staying B. to stay C. should stay D. must stay

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PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C,
and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

Text 1:
Although most universities in the United States are on a semester system, which offers classes in the
fall and spring, some schools observe a quarter system comprised of fall, winter, spring, and summer
quarters. The academic year, September to June, is divided into three quarters of eleven weeks each
beginning in September, January, and March; the summer quarter, June to August, is composed of
shorter sessions of varying length. Students may take advantage of the opportunity to study year
round by enrolling in all four quarters. Most students begin their programs in the fall quarter, but,
they may enter at the beginning of any of the other quarters.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Universities in the United States
B. The Academic Year
C. The Quarter System
D. The Semester System
2. How many terms are there in a quarter system?
A. Four regular terms and one summer term
B. Three regular terms and one summer term
C. Two regular terms and two summer terms
D. One regular term and four summer terms
3. A semester system
A. has eleven-week sessions
B. is not very popular in the United States
C. gives students the opportunity to study year round
D. has two major sessions a year
4. When may students begin studying in a school that uses a quarter system?
A. September
B. Summer semester only
C. At the beginning of any quarter
D. At the beginning of the academic year
5. Where would this passage most probably be found?
A. In a college catalog for a university in the United States
B. In a general guide to colleges and universities in the United States
C. In an American newspaper
D. In a dictionary published in the United States
Text 2:
Since 1913 the Federal Reserve System has served as the central bank for the United States. It consists of
twelve District Reserve Banks and their branch offices, along with several committees and councils. The
most powerful body is the seven-member Board of Governors in Washington, appointed by the President
and confirmed by the Senate.
The System’s primary function is to control monetary policy by influencing the cost and availability of
money and credit through the purchase and sale of government securities. If the Federal Reserve provides
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too little money, interest rates tend to be high, borrowing is expensive, business activity slows down,
unemployment goes up, and there is a danger of recession. If there is too much money, interest rates
decline, and borrowing can lead to excess demand, pushing up prices and fueling inflation.

1. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for his passage?
A. Banking
B. The Federal Reserve System
C. The Board of Governors
D. Monetary Folicies
2. The principal responsibility of the Federal Reserve System is
A. to borrow money
B. to regulate monetary policies
C. to print government securities
D. to appoint the Board of Governors
3. The word “securities” in line 8 is intended to mean
A. debts B. bonds C. protection D. confidence
4. What happens when the Federal Reserve provides too little money?
A Demand for loans increases.
B. Unemployment slows down.
C. Interest rates go up.
D. Businesses expand.
5. According to the information in this passage, what causes inflation?
A. High unemployment rates
B. Too much money in the economy
C. Very high fuel prices
D. A limited supply of goods

Text 3:
The film studio is like a large factory, and the indoor stages are very big indeed. Scenery of all kinds is
made in the studio: churches, houses, castles, and forests are all built of wood and cardboard. Several
hundred people work together to make one film. Some of the people are the actors and actresses. The
director of the film, however, is the most important person in a film studio. He decides how the scenes
should be filmed and how the actors should act.
Making a film takes a very long time and is very hard work. Writing the story for the film may take many
weeks. Filming the story or shooting the film often takes at least six months. Actors and camera-men work
from very early in the morning until late at night. Each scene has to be acted and reacted, filmed and
refilmed, until it is just right. Sometimes the same scene may have to be acted twenty or thirty times.
Questions:
1. What do people usually spend six months doing?
A. Making a film
B. Filming the scenery
C. Shooting the film
D. Finding the right actors and actresses
2. Why is each scene usually acted and reacted so many times?
A. Because the film is made on a large scale
B. The director decides how the scenes should be filmed and how the actors should act
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 C. To make sure that it is perfect
D. The same scene may have to be acted twenty or thirty times
3. Where is scenery made?
A. On the indoor stages
B. In the studio
C. In the wooden churches and houses
D. It is built of wood and cardboard
4. Who works together on one film?
A. Several hundred people
B. Actors and actresses
C. The film director and the technical crew
D. The film director, actors and actresses, camera-men and many other people
5. What does the film director do?
A. He decides the filming of the scenes and the acting of the actors
B. He is responsible for writing the story for the film
C. He works from very early in the morning until late at night
D. He makes a scene acted twenty or thirty times.

Text 4:
During the teenage years, many young people can at times be difficult to talk to. They often seem to
dislike being questioned. They may seem unwilling to talk about their work in school. This is a normal
development at this age, though it can be very hard for parents to understand. It is part of becoming
independent of teenagers trying to be adult while they are still growing up. Young people are usually more
willing to talk if they believe that questions are asked out of real interest and not because people are trying
to check up on them.
Parents should do their best to talk to their sons or daughters about school work and future plan but
should not push them to talk if they don’t want to. Parents should also watch for the danger signs: some
young people in trying to be adult may experiment with sex, drugs, alcohol or smoking. Parents need to
watch for any signs of unusual behaviour which may be connected with these and get help if necessary.
1. The passage is taken from a…
A. handbook for parents.
B. school timetable
C. teenage magazine
D. book for children
2. Why do adults sometimes find teenagers difficult to talk to?
A. because most teenagers are quiet
B. because teenagers don’t want to talk to other people
C. because teenagers think adults are not honest
D. because most teenagers hate adults
3. When can you expect young people to be more talkative than usual?
A. when people talk to them because they are really interested and not just checking on them
B. when adults give them a lot of money to spend
C. when adults talk to them about something other than their work in school
D. when adults talk to them about sex, alcohol and drugs
4. Some teenagers experiment with drinking and smoking because…
A. cigarettes and alcohol are available everywhere
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B. cigarettes and alcohol are cheap
C. women like smoking and drinking men
D. they regard them as a mark of adulhood
5. The word BEHAVIOUR in the passage most nearly means
A. feeling B. manners C. activities D. reaction

Text 5:
In May, 1966, the World Health Organization was authorized to initiate a global campaign to
eradicate smallpox. The goal was to eliminate the disease in one decade. Because similar projects for
malaria and yellow fever had failed, few believed that smallpox could actually be eradicated, but
eleven years after the initial organization of the campaign, no cases were reported in the field.
The strategy was not only to provide mass vaccinations but also to isolate patients with active
smallpox in order contain the spread of the disease and to break the chain of human transmission.
Rewards for reporting smallpox assisted in motivating the public to aid health workers. One by one,
each smallpox victim was sought out, removed from contact with others, and treated. At the same
time, the entire village where the victim had lived was vaccinated.
Today smallpox is no longer a threat to humanity. Routine vaccinations have been stopped
worldwide.

1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. The World Health Organization
B. The Eradication of Smallpox
C. Smallpox Vaccinations
D. Infectious Diseases
2. What was the goal of the campaign against smallpox?
A. To decrease the spread of smallpox worldwide
B. To eliminate smallpox worldwide in ten years
C. To provide mass vaccinations against smallpox worldwide
D. To initiate worldwide projects for smallpox, malaria, and yellow fever at the same time
3. According to the passage, what was the strategy used to eliminate the spread of smallpox?
A. Vaccinations of entire villages
B. Treatment of individual victims
C. Isolation of victims and mass vaccinations
D. Extensive reporting of outbreaks
4. How was the public motivated to help the health workers?
A. By educating them
B. By rewarding them for reporting cases
C. By isolating them from others
D. By giving them vaccinations
5. It can be inferred that
A. no new cases of smallpox have been reported this year
B. malaria and yellow fever have been eliminated
C. smallpox victims no longer die when they contract the disease
D. smallpox is not transmitted from one person to another

14
Text 6:
Noah Webster’s goal in life was to promote the adoption of an American language. He wanted to free
Americans from British English as they had freed themselves from the British crown. To this end he
published a series of three textbooks a speller in 1783, a grammar in 1784, and a reader in 1785.
Webster objected to the way certain words had been borrowed from other languages but had not
been respelled. The result, he claimed, was a confusing mixture of letters, many of which were not
pronounced the way they looked, and others of which were not pronounced at all.
Webster urged Americans to simplify their spelling. For examples, he argued that “head” should be
spelled “hed” and “bread” should be spelled “bred”.
Most of Webster’s suggestions did not catch on, but his textbooks sold millions of copies.

1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. The Three Books of Noah Webster
B. Noah Webster and the Adoption of an American Language.
C. Simplification of Spelling
D. Noah Webster and the British Crown
2. According to Webster, Americans should
A. avoid reading his three books
B. be ruled from England
C. simplify their spelling
D. not borrow words from other languages
3. In the last paragraph, the phrase “did not catch on” means
A. were not appreciated
B. did not become popular
C. did not please anyone
D. were not intelligent
4. Webster complained that the words borrowed from other languages had not been
A. freely adopted by the American people
B. make more confusing
C. respelled
D. pronounced correctly
5. The problems that Webster tried to solve did NOT include
A. unreliable spelling
B. mispronounced words
C. grammar errors
D. poor sales of his textbooks

Text 7:
Students all over the world have to work for their education. A college education in many countries is
expensive. The costs are so high that most families begin to save for their children's education when their
children are babies. Even so many young people cannot afford to pay the expenses of full-time college
work. They do not have enough money to pay for school costs. Tuition for attending university, books and
classes, and accommodation costs are high. There are other expenses and special student activity fees for
such things as parking permits and football tickets. The cost of college education increases every year.
However campuses are still crowded with students. Some students depend on their family support to pay

15
for college. Perhaps some of the students have scholarships or money grants, but many do not. How do the
rest of the students manage?
Questions:
1. How do many families afford high costs of college education?
A. Students all over the world have to work for their education
B. Most families begin to save for their children's education when their children are small.
C. They do not have enough money to pay for school costs
D. Families support students to pay for college
2. What does the writer imply in "Even so many young people cannot afford to pay the expenses of
full-time college work"?
A. When people are young they cannot find out enough money for their college education
B. Full-time college education is too expensive when people are young
C. College expenses are too high for everybody to afford despite their effort
D. If people work full-time at the college, they will afford the education expenses
3. What types of costs are listed in the passage?
A. Tuitions, books and accommodation costs
B. Cost of college education
C. Entrance, materials, classes fees and other extra types
D. Other expenses and special student activity fees as parking permits and football tickets
4. How many types of students are mentioned in the passage?
A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Only one
5. What does the writer mean by ‘the rest of the students’?
A. The students who are studying at campuses
B. The students who have family support
C. The students who get scholarship or money grants
D. The students who don’t have any financial support from anywhere

Text 8:
Jeff Bezos was just 31 when he launched Amazon.com in 1995. The road to success was long and
hard, but this company later became the internet’s biggest retailer, with revenues of almost $2bn and a
customer base of over 10 million. To his fans, Bezos is a visionary, a retail revolutionary in the tradition of
Richard Sears, whose mail order business changed American shopping in the late 19 th and 20th centuries.
‘He saw the future in a concrete way before anyone else did,’ says Brad Silverberg, co-founder of a Seattle-
based venture capital firm. ‘He has done more than anyone else in the world to change everyone’s buying
habits. People go to the web and buy stuff because of Jeff Bezos. He created a household world – that’s an
amazing accomplishment’. To many, Bezos will always remain the man who taught the world to shop
online.

Questions
1. What is TRUE about Jeff Bezos?
A. He launched Amazon.com not successfully
B. He was the first one to start mail order business in the US
C. He makes people love online shopping
D. He is a co-founder of a Seattle-based venture capital firm
2. What is Amazon.com?
A. A very successful internet retailer

16
 B. A mail order site
C. A Seattle-based venture capital firm
D. A retail revolutionary in the tradition of Richard Sears
3. Who is Brad Silverberg?
A. The founder of Amazon.com
B. The manager of Sears
C. A venture capitalist
D. The founder of a mail order business
4. Which statement is NOT true?
A. Amazon.com has earned its glory from start for less than two decades.
B. The writer thinks Jeff Bezos taught the world to shop online
C. Jeff Bezos followed the example of Richard Sears in retail techniques
D. Before Jeff Bezos, people only went to shops for their purchases
5. What can account for Jeff Bezos’s accomplishment?
A. He has a sharp vision
B. He saw the potential of the market
C. He was able to change people’s habits
D. All of the above

Text 9:
In 1955, Martin Luther King, Jr., gained national recognition for his nonviolent methods used in a bus
boycott in Montgomery. This peaceful boycott, under Dr. King’s guidance, changed the law which required
Black people to ride in the backs of buses. After this success, Dr. King used his nonviolent tactics in efforts
to change other discriminatory laws.
Dr. King urged Blacks to use nonviolent sit-ins, marches, demonstrations, and freedom rides in their efforts
to gain full freedom and equality. Arrested for breaking discriminatory laws, Dr. King went to jail dozens
of times. He became a symbol around the world for people to protest peacefully against unjust laws. In
recognition of his work for peaceful change, Dr. King received the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize.

1. According to the passage, as a consequence of his protest in 1955, Dr. King became
A. peaceful in his tactics
B. famous in the United States
C. frustrated in his efforts
D. successful in the transportation business
2. It can be inferred from the passage that Dr. King continued his nonviolent methods because
A. they were legal in Montgomery
B. they were effective
C. most people are incapable of violence
D. most people believed he would receive the Nobel Peace Prize
3. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a means by which Dr. King tried to bring
about social justice?
A. Store boycotts
B. Congressional debates
C. Peaceful marches
D. Visits to jails
4. According to the passage, how many times was Dr. King put in jail?
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 A. One C. Twelve
B. Between two and ten D. At least twenty-four
5. The author implies that in the 1960s Dr. King was known
A. to few people in Montgomery
B. to people in many countries
C. primarily by the medical profession
D. personally by several lawyers

Text 10:
Was PhileasFogg rich? Yes, certainly. But how he made his money nobody knew, and Mr. Fogg was not
the sort of man to tell anybody. He did not spend much money and did not seem to be one of those people
who loved saving money.
He talked very little, in fact, nobody would have talked less. There was no secret about his habit and his
daily life, but as he always did everything regularly in exact the same way every day, people wondered
more about him and his past life.
His home in Savile Road was a simple one, but very comfortable. His habits are so irregular, and as he
spent all day at his club, his servant's duties were light. But PhileasFogg expected from his servant an
exceptional degree of exactness and regularity.
Questions:
1. What type of person is PhileasFogg?
A. Talkative
B. Mean and stingy
C. Sociable
D. None of the above
2. Why did people wonder about himself and his past?
A. Because there was no secret about his habit and his daily life
B. Because every day he always did everything regularly, exactly the same
C. Because he did not spend much money
D. Because he did not seem to be one of those people who loved saving money
3. How did he spend his time?
A. He did everything regularly in exact the same way every day
B. His habits are so irregular
C. He spent all day at his club
D. He talked very little
4. Who among these may be able to work for him as a servant?
A. A very hard-working one who can serve him good meals
B. An extremely tidy person who does things on principle
C. A fluent person who can communicate with him
D. An patient one to listen to his stories
5. Why does Mr. Phileas Fogg have that lifestyle?
A. He’s a secret person
B. He’s rich
C. People wonder about himself and his past
D. This is not mentioned in the passage

Text 11:

18
The moon is much smaller than the sun and the stars. But to us, it seems larger. It looks larger because it is
closer to the Earth than any stars or planets. The moon is close enough so that astronauts travelling in space
ships have visited it.

The air around the Earth protects it from the sun's rays. Air also keeps the Earth from losing too much heat.
The moon grows extremely hot in the daytime and extremely cold at night. That happens because the moon
has no air blanket to protect it.

The astronauts who went to the moon brought back pieces of moon rock and moon soil. New minerals were
found in the moon rocks, but moon rocks lacked other things found in earth rocks.

Questions

1. Why does the moon look larger than the sun and the stars?
A. Because it is much smaller than them
B. Because it is closer to the Earth than them
C. Because astronauts travelling in space ships could visit it
D. All of the above
2. How did astronauts visit the moon?
A. By space ship
B. Because it is close enough
C. Because is much smaller than the sun and the stars
D. They did that very often
3. What are the functions of the air around the earth?
A. It protects the Earth from the sun's rays
B. It keeps the Earth from losing too much heat
C. It works like an air blanket to protect the Earth
D. All of the above
4. What did people find in the moon rocks?
A. Pieces of moon rock and moon soil
B. New minerals
C. Other things found in earth rocks
D. All of the above
5. How were the moon rocks different from earth rocks?
A. Moon rocks had new minerals
B. The earth rocks had other things that the moon rocks don’t
C. Earth rocks didn’t have new minerals found in moon rocks
D. All of the above

Text 12:
Almost every society is based on the family. Some societies have nuclear families. In the nuclear family,
parents and children live together in one house. Other societies have extended families. In this type of
family, there are more than two generations living together under a roof. In some societies, there are tribes.
A tribe is a group of extended families that have the same ancestors. Each tribe in Africa has its own
language; in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries, the tribes all speak Arabic.

1. What is true about a nuclear family?

A. It exists in some societies

19
 B. It has parents and two children
C. It has two generations living together
D. Parents, children and relatives live under one roof
2. Who are living together in an extended family?
A. parents and children
B. Parents, children and relatives
C. Grandparents, parents and children
D. None is correct
3. What is a tribe?
A. Many extended families grouping together
B. A group of extended families with the same forefathers
C. Families that have the same ancestors
D. People who have the same forefathers
4. Why does each tribe in Africa speak a different language?
A. They are from different origins
B. They don’t know the others’ languages
C. They have the same ancestors
D. They are good at languages
5. What can you infer from the fact that Gulf people in different tribes all speak Arabic?
A. They are all Arabic
B. They are all living in the Gulf area
C. They may have the same ancestors
D. They have to speak the national official language

Text 13:
Dorothy Moriarty is Britain’s oldest writer. She is 102 years old and has just written her first book,
The Memories of a Nurse. In it she describes her life as a nurse at University College Hospital in London in
the early part of this century. At the time civilian hospitals had very little money. They were very dirty and
nurses worked seventy hours a week and earned £8 a year. Dorothy says, “There were cockroaches
everywhere. Nobody worried about our hospital. We decided to do something. We started the Royal
College of Nursing and cut our working week from seventy to forty-eight hours. This was much better”.
After the First World War Dorothy went to work in Egypt, where she met her husband, Oliver. They
married in 1922, but her family was not always happy. Oliver had a drink problem and finally died. “I’ve
had a difficult life, but it’s been very interesting, and I’ve always had the love for my children and my
grandchildren.”

Questions:
1. When did Dorothy work as a nurse?
A. After the First World War
B. In the early part of this century
C. When she met her husband
D. After her husband died
2. What were her working conditions like?
A. It was good enough for her to continue working
B. She made quite good money to live on
C. Extremely bad treatments with the neglect of authorities

20
 D. Good because nobody worried about them.
3. What did she and other people do to change the situation?
A. She got married.
B. They started University College Hospital.
C. They stopped working for the hospital.
D. None is correct.
4. Where did she meet her husband?
A. In London
B. In Egypt
C. At University College Hospital
D. At the Royal College of Nursing
5. What helps Dorothy enjoy her life?
A. Her love for her life and her descendants
B. The fact that her husband was usually drunk and he died already
C. The fact that her life now is not so difficult as before
D. The fact that her life is very interesting

Text 14:
Mozart, who was born on January 27, 1756 in the Austrian city of Salzburg, was neither the first nor the
last child prodigy, but he was certainly the greatest. He was born into a moderately prosperous family
where his unmatched musical genius made itself known extremely early. Mozart began learning to play
harpsichord at three and his earliest known work was composed in 1761 when he was five, the age at which
he also first appeared in public. From the age of six, when his father took him on the first foreign tour,
Mozart toured the courts and musical centers of Austria, Germany, France, England, Holland, Switzerland
and Italy. It has been calculated that Mozart spent almost a third of his short life - he died at the age of
thirty five – travelling. As Mozart matured, he continued to tour and give concerts. Mozart also wrote a lot
of operas. His first opera, Mitridate, Re di Ponto, was performed in Milan when he was 14, and it was the
first of many successes in the theatre.
1. How rich was Mozart’s family?
A. Very rich C. Not very rich
B. As rich as a financial D. Very poor
2. When did he take the first step into the world of music as a composer?
A. When he was three
B. When he was five
C. When he was fourteen
D. When he was thirty-five
3. What did he do on his first tour to some major European countries?
A. He made so much sightseeing
B. He toured the courts and musical centers
C. He toured only
D. He did nothing
4. Why is it possible to name Mozart “A travelling composer”?
A. Because he spent almost a third of his short life travelling.
B. Because he liked travelling a lot.

21
C. Because he never travelled.
D. Because he had good imagination.
5. What expression in the passage means “an exceptionally clever child”?
A. A child normal
B. A child clever
C. A child prodigy
D. Child playing harpsichord.

Text 15:
Many people are unaware of how pesticides affect our food supplies. Health risks are the inevitable result.
Pesticides can run off into nearby streams, where they are carried from their original dispersal site. This is
how pesticides end up in drinking water, fish and game. And because of wind, rain, and evaporation,
residues routinely show up in animals in the remotest parts of the world. For example, if grain fields on
rough lands are sprayed with pesticides, residue can show up in poultry, eggs, milk, and butter. The end
result is that every food we eat carries pesticides as the inevitable consequence of spraying crops with these
poisons. And human exposure doesn’t even end there residue are transferred from mother to child through
the placenta and mother’s milk.

1. The main idea of this paragraph is that

A. pesticides pose great danger to human life.
B. pesticides poison our drinking water by entering our groundwater and streams.
C. pesticides residues spread through – out our food chain
D. pesticides residues are found throughout the world.
2. According to the paragraph, children ingest pesticides by way of
A. eating poultry and eggs
B. various foods and liquids
C. contaminated drinking water
D. their mother’s milk
3. Pesticides residues wind up in poultry, eggs, and butter because
A. crops grown for animal feed are sprayed with pesticides.
B. cows and chickens drink large quantities of contaminated water.
C. farmers are careless about cleaning their fields after harvest.
D. pesticides become harmless after killing insect pests.
4. A lesson that can be learned from the use of pesticides by washing our fruits and vegetables.
A. canned or frozen foods are much safer than fresh produce.
B. most of us can avoid the effects of pesticides by washing our fruits and vegetables.
C. before World War II, farmers were able to grow crops without pesticides.
D. our government should ban pesticides used in our food.
5. Which of the following sentences is an opinion?
A. Pesticides end up in drinking water, fish and game.
B. The government exaggerates the dangers of pesticides in our food supplies.
C. Residues are transferred from mother to child through the placenta.
D. The food we eat contains pesticides from crop sprays.

Text 16:

22
 Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy in 1451. While spending most of his early years at
sea, Columbus began to believe that he could find a shortcut to the Indies by sailing west across the
Atlantic Ocean. Unfortunately, the King of Portugal refused to finance such a trip, and Columbus was
forced to present his idea to the King and Queen of Spain. In 1492, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
agreed to pay for his trip. They gave him a crew and three ships, the Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria.
Columbus sailed aboard the Santa Maria.
The trip was long and hard. Many sailors grew restless and wanted to turn around. After two months
at sea, land was finally sighted. The ships docked on the island of Hispaniola. Columbus named the native
people he saw "Indians", because he believed he had found the shortcut he was looking for. In actuality,
Columbus found North America, a brand new continent at that time. Columbus, however, couldn't be
convinced. He died with the belief he had found the shortcut to the Indies. Soon, however, other explorers
and nations understood the importance of his discoveries. Columbus' discoveries set the stage for the Age
of Exploration, one of the most fascinating and exciting times in world history
Questions:
1. Where was Christopher Columbus born?
A. The New World
B. Portugal
C. Spain
D. Italy
2. Which is NOT true?
A. Columbus was born in Italy
B. Columbus received three ships and a crew from the King and Queen of Spain
C. Columbus found a shortcut to the Indies
D. The journey across the Atlantic took two months
3. What is closest in meaning to the word ‘shortcut’?
A. A computer symbol on the screen
B. A way to do something more quickly than others
C. A route that makes a journey shorter
D. A minor wound made with a knife
4. Which of the following was NOT one of his ships?
A. Nina
B. Isabella
C. Pinta
D. Santa Maria
5. Why was Christopher Columbus very important?
A. He believed he found a shortcut to the Indies
B. He first used the word "Indians"
C. He discovered a whole new continent
D. He was one of the bravest explorers of all time

Text 17:
Does the earth have enough natural resources to support its people? Different scientists give different
answers to this question. Some say that there are enough resources to support more than 6 billion people,
but the problem is distribution. The richest countries, with a small percentage of the world’s population, use
most of the resources. If these resources could be distributed equally, there would be enough for everyone.

23
Other scientists say that we must limit population growth because our resources are limited. Only 10
percent of the earth’s land can be used for farming and another 20 percent for raising animals. It is possible
to increase the amount of farmland, but only a little. Some land in developing countries can be more
productive if people start using modern farming methods, but this will not increase worldwide ways
production very much.
1. It is possible to increase a ______ amount of farmland.
A. big B. small C. large D. few
2. The richest countries use ______ of the resources.
A. all B. nothing C. little D. most
3. Does the earth have enough natural resources to support the world’s population?
A. Yes, it does. B. No, it doesn’t. C. Yes and no. D. No answer.
4. If these resources could be ______ equally, there would be enough for everyone.
A. sold B. provided C. taken D. bought
5. Only ______ percent of the earth’s land can be used for farming and for raising animals.
A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40

Text 18:
Winter is dangerous because it’s so difficult to know what is going to happen and accidents take
place so easily. Fog can be waiting to meet you over the top of the hill. Ice may be hiding beneath the
melting snow, waiting to send you off the road. The car coming towards you may suddenly slide across the
road.
Rule Number one for driving on icy road is to drive smoothly. Sudden movements can make a car
very difficult to control. So every time you either turn the wheel, touch the brakes or increase your speed,
you must be as gentle and slow as possible. Imagine you are driving with a cup of hot coffee on the seat
next to you. Drive so that you wouldn’t spill it.
Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen. Remember that you may be driving
more quickly than you think. Try to stay in control of your car at all times and you will avoid trouble.

Questions:
1. What is the writer trying to do in this text?
A. Complain about bad winter driving.
B. Give information about winter weather.
C. Warn people against driving in winter
D. Advise people about safe driving in winter
2. Why would somebody read this text?
A. to find out about the weather
B. for information on driving lesson
C. to learn about better driving
D. to decide when to travel
3. What is NOT mentioned in the passage as one likely danger of winter?
A. Fog may cover the hills blocking driver’s vision/ visibility.
B. Drivers may be sent off the road due to hidden ice.
C. Car sliding may happen because of slippery roads.
D. Ice may melt beneath the snow surface.
4. What does the writer mean when mentioning a cup of coffee?
A. To advise drivers not to turn the wheel.
B. To compare car driving with drinking coffee.
C. To emphasize what drivers should consider to be safe driving.
24
 D. To remind drivers not to spill the coffee next to them.
5. Which traffic sign shows the main idea of the text?
A. Drive Carefully_ Ice on Road Ahead
B. Reduce Speed Now_ Fog Ahead
C. Drive Carefully_ Road Repaired Ahead
D. Slow Down_ Accident Ahead

Text 19:
A company cannot sell its products if customers do not like the company. Employees represent the
company. Customers identify a company with its employees. That is the reason why employees are so
important. When people work, they work for money. They work because they need the money for their own
and for their families’ support. If the workplace is a happy place, then people work better, produce more,
and please the customers. A business owner, boss, or manager can create a happy work environment and
improve the business at the same time. He should encourage his employees to think of better ways to do
things. It is necessary to give the employees who have good ideas some of the profit (money made from use
of the idea). The employees should be given the rights to complain and suggest. They also need some
medical care to help them feel better in work.
1. According to the writer, ___ .
A. only the boss is important in a company
B. employees play an important in a company
C. a company needs no customers
D. the boss can sell products without customers
2. Employees work for ___.
A. money B. products C. customers D. supporters
3. People work better ___.
A. without the boss
B. without money
C. in a happy workplace
D. in their families
4. The boss should encourage the employees___.
A. to think of better way to do things
B. to get some profit
C. to create a happy work environment
D. not to improve the business
5. According to the writer, ___.
A. the employees have no rights to complain and suggest
B. the employees have rights to complain and suggest
C. the employees do not have any medical care
D. the employees cannot get any profit

Text 20:
In 1920, after some thirty-nine years of problems with disease, high costs, and politics, the Panama Canal
was officially opened, finally linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by allowing ships to pass through the
fifty – mile canal zone instead of travelling some seven thousand miles around Cape Horn. It takes a ship
approximately eight hours to complete the trip through the canal and costs and average of fifteen thousand

25
dollars, one-tenth of what it would cost an average ship to round the Horn. More than fifteen thousand ships
pass through its locks each year.
The French initiated the project but sold their rights to the United States. The latter will control it until the
end of the twentieth century when Panama takes over its duties.

1. Who currently controls the Panama Canal?

A. France B. United States C. Panama D. Canal Zone
2. In approximately what year will a different government take control of the Panama Canal?
A. 2000 B. 2100 C. 3001 D. 2999
3. On the average, how much would it cost a ship to travel around Cape Horn?
A. $1,500 B. $15,000 C. $150,000 D. $1,500,000
4. In what year was construction probably begun on the canal?
A. 1881 B. 1920 C. 1939 D. 1999
5. What can be inferred from this reading?
A. This is a costly project which should be reevaluated.
B. Despite all the problems involved, the project is beneficial.
C. Many captains prefer to sail around Cape Horn because it is less expensive.
D. Due to all of the problems, three governments have had to control the canal over the years.

Text 21
Language, the way we express ourselves, is a vital part of learning. A baby learns his native tongue
naturally by hearing speech around him. If the speech he hears is rapid, not clear and never directed at him
then he learns slowly and speaks badly. A child of two or three who can’t make his desires known or put
his thoughts into words will usually become angry. His relationships with other get worse. If the speech a
baby hears around him is clear, and his family talk to him, he will gain a satisfactory command of language
directly, by his mother, his language ability will be greater. By the time he is two, it is quite possible for
him to have a vocabulary of two thousand words and by the time he is three he will be able to read. Once
ahead he will stay ahead.
1. How is language defined by the writer?
A. Language is the way we express ourselves
B. Language is a vital part of learning
C. Language is what we say
D. Language is what we write
2. How does a baby learn his mother tongue?
A. by listening to radio
B. by reading books
C. by hearing what is said around him
D. by watching TV
3. How does the child usually react when he can’t express himself?
A. he will get worse
B. he will get angry
C. he won’t talk
D. he will be better
4. How should the mother talk to her baby?
A. clearly, directly
B. clearly, indirectly
26
C. rapidly, clearly
D. slowly, indirectly
5. How many words does a baby at the age of two can acquire?
A. 20 words B. 200 words C. 2,000 words D. 20, 000 words

Text 22
In order to stay healthy it is important to have a balanced diet. We should eat enough three main groups of
food. These groups are protein, carbohydrate, and fat. Proteins are very important for building our body.
They help us to build new cells as old ones die. Meat and milk products are major sources of protein. We
can also get protein from fish, eggs and beans.
Carbohydrates and fat are important to enable us to store energy. Carbohydrates are found in sugar and in
cereals. Fat can be found in vegetable oil, in butter and in nuts. Our body also needs minerals, such as iron
and calcium, and vitamins. Fish, vegetables and milk contain most of the minerals we need. Vitamins are
found in fresh vegetable and fruit.
QUESTIONS
1. Protein ___.
A. can be found in fruit
B. help our body to build new cells
C. make human die
D. produce meat and milk
2. We can get protein from___.
A. only meat
B. sugar, meat and beans
C. meat, milk, fish, eggs, and beans
D. new cells
3. Carbohydrates ___.
A. enable us to store energy
B. can be found in vegetable oil
C. create new cells
D. supply protein
4. Where can we get fat?
A. In cereals B. In butter C. In sugar D. In fruit
5. Which sentence is NOT true?
A. Carbohydrate enables us to store energy
B. Minerals are very necessary for our body
C. Fish, vegetables, and milk contain most of the minerals we need
D. Our body does not need vitamins

Text 23:
If you enjoy cycling for pleasure, it can be a shock in London. There are not enough lanes especially for
bikes, and making your way through the traffic can be very risky. But if you have great passion, cycling in
London can be exciting, and it is an inexpensive way of keeping fit if you live there. Some cyclists don’t
mind spending a lot of money in expensive bikes. However, if you just want a basic bike that is only for
occasional use, there are many cheap choices. Several markets have cheap bikes on sale which may not be
27
impressive to look at but should be satisfactory. You should buy a cycling helmet if you want to cycle in
London. Wearing a cycling helmet is not compulsory in Britain, but it is a good idea to wear one for
protection.
QUESTIONS
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Cycling helmet B. Cheap bikes C. Bicycle markets D. Cycling in London
2. According to the passage, cycling in London is _________.
A. easy B. difficult C. tiring D. boring
3. The word “it” (in bold) refers to_______________.
A. cycling B. passion C. excitement D. doing exercise
4. The difficulty of cycling in London is described in sentences ________.
A. 2 B. 3-4 C. 5-6 D. 7
5. According to the passage, all the following are true EXCEPT that_____.
A. it is compulsory to wear a helmet when cycling in London.
B. some bikes in London are cheap
C. there are not many lanes especially for bikes
D. some cyclists want to buy expensive bikes.

Text 24:
Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are young children. Others are
teenagers. Many are adults. Some learn at school. Others study by themselves. A few learn English just by
hearing the language in films, on television, in the office or among their friends. But not many are lucky
enough to do that. Most people must work hard on their lessons to learn another language.
Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects. They study their own
language, mathematics and English. In England, America or Australia, many boys and girls study their own
language, which is English and another language, perhaps French, German or Spanish.
Many adults learn English because it is useful for their work. Teenagers often learn English for their higher
studies because some of their books are in English at the college or university. Other people learn English
because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English.

1. According to the writer , _____________. .

A. English is useful only to adults
B. no children like learning English
C. only teenagers learn English
D. English is learnt by many generations
2. Most people learn English by _____________.
A. watching videos only
B. hearing the language in the office
C. talking with the film stars
D. working hard on their lessons
3. Many boys and girls learn English because _____________.
A. English can give them a job

28
B. it is included in their study courses
C. they have to study their own language
D. their parents make them do it
4. In America and Australia, many school children study _____________.
A. their own language and no foreign language
B. such foreign languages as French, German or Spanish
C. English and mathematics only
D. English as a foreign language
5. Many adults learn English because _______.
A. they want to go abroad
B. most of their books are in English
C. it is useful for their work
D. they want to read newspapers in English

Text 25:

How can we keep our teeth healthy? First, we ought to visit our dentist twice a year. He can fill the small
holes in our teeth before they destroy the teeth. He can examine our teeth to check that they are growing in
the right way. Unfortunately, many people wait until they have toothache before they see a dentist.
Secondly, we should brush our teeth with a toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste at least twice a day, once
after breakfast and once before we go to bed. We can also use wooden toothpicks to clean between our
teeth after a meal. Thirdly, we should eat food that is good for our teeth and our body: milk, cheese, fish,
brown bread, potatoes, red rice, vegetables and fresh fruit. Chocolate, sweets, biscuits and cakes are bad,
especially when we eat them between meals. They are harmful because they stick to our teeth and cause
decay.
1. How often should we go to the dentist?
A. once a month B. twice a month
C. once a year D. twice a year
2. Only when do a lot of people visit a dentist?
A. when we keep our teeth healthy
B. when they have toothache
C. when they destroy the teeth
D. when they are free
3. How often ought we to clean our teeth?
A. at least twice a day
B. only twice a day
C. at least twice a month
D. only twice a year
4. What shouldn’t we eat a lot?
A. sweets, cakes
B. milk, cheese
C. fruit, brown bread
D. fish and red rice
5. Why aren’t sweets good for our teeth?
A. because they have a lot of sugar
B. because they cause decay

29
C. because they are expensive
D. because they are bad
PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10 pts)
Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

TEXT 1
LITTLE CAT, LITTLE CAT, WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN?

When Bo the cat decided to explore a furniture van, she had a bigger adventure than she expected. She was
discovered __1__ the driver, after he had completed a __2__ of over 500 kilometers. It was __3__ end of a
long day. The driver and the cat were both hungry! He gave her some milk and started making enquiries.
He telephoned his last __4__, but they had not lost a cat. It was getting late, so he took Bo home for the
night and __5__ morning delivered her to an animal hospital.
The cat’s owner __6__ done some detective work too. After __7__ everywhere for the cat, he suddenly
remembered the furniture van __8__ had made a delivery to a neighbour. Fortunately, he __9__ the name
of the company. He called their office and in a short time Bo was __10__ safely.

1. A. of B. from C. at D. by
2. A. trip B. visit C. tour D. travel
3. A. an B. some C. the D. any
4. A. shoppers B. buyers C. callers D. customers
5. A. next B. following C. tomorrow D. other
6. A. has B. is C. had D. was
7. A. seeing B. searching C. watching D. spying
8. A. what B. this C. it D. which
9. A. called B. remembered C. saw D. reminded
10. A. given B. brought C. returned D. taken

TEXT 2
MONEY

What is money? The pound, the dollar or the franc are actually just like a gram or a kilometer. The
difference is that you can exchange money for something __1__. A five pound note may buy a book, a
huge bag of sweets, or a __2__ of cinema tickets. But the note itself is only a printed __3__ of paper which
costs almost nothing to make. Thousands of years __4__, people didn’t have money as we know __5__.
There were no banks __6__ even shops. In those days, Mr. Green the farmer exchanged the corn he
__7__grown for Mr. Hive’s honey. This was an exchange arranged between two __8__, each of whom had
something that the other wanted. But in time, most societies invented their own ‘currencies’ __9__ that
people could exchange more. The different currencies began to join together, which is why __10__
everyone uses a national currency.

1. A. other B. else C. another D. apart

2. A. couple B. double C. few D. several
3. A. slice B. part C. side D. piece
30
4. A. since B. past C. before D. ago
5. A. them B. it C. some D. that
6. A. or B. neither C. and D. but
7. A. did B. was C. had D. has
8. A. jobs B. people C. things D. goods
9. A. for B. by C. because D. so
10. A. tomorrow B. today C. recently D. soon

TEXT 3
One evening Dr Peterson was at a party. A woman came up to him and began to talk about her back. ‘It’s
very painful because I’ve worked for a long time in my garden,’ the woman said.
‘You’ve hurt it __1__ for too long,’ Dr Peterson replied.
He then showed her __2_ to do some exercises. However, _3__ the woman left he felt very angry. He went
up to a friend of his who was a lawyer. He told him all about __4___ the woman and asked him for advice.
‘Do you think I _5__ to send her a bill?’ he asked.
The lawyer thought for a moment and nodded.
‘How much should I charge _6__ giving him all that advice?’ Dr Peterson asked.
‘Charge her your usual fee,’ the lawyer said.
The next day Dr Peterson sent the woman a bill. __7_, a few days later he was surprised __8__ a letter from
the lawyer. _9___ he opened the letter, he saw the following brief note: ‘Please find a bill for £50 for the
advice __10___.’

1. A. to bend B. by bending C. for bending D. owing you to bend

2. A. what B. why C. when D. how
3. A. when B. because C. if D. for
4. A. meet B. meeting C. to meet D. he met
5. A. should B. had better C. ought D. must
6. A. by B. because of C. owing to D. for
7. A. However B. In addition C. Therefore D. Alternatively
8. A. by receiving B. to receive C. for receiving D. receive
9. A. Because B. When C. Until D. For
10. A. gave you B. what I gave you C. which gave you D. I gave you

TEXT 4
You can make life more difficult for thieves by (1) ________ your wallet in an inside pocket instead of a
back pocket. But make sure that you still have it if someone bumps into you in a (2) ________. Most
pickpockets are very skillful. Never let your handbag out of your (3) ________ On public transport,
(4)________ hold of it. You are also (5) ________ to take travelers' cheques rather than cash when you go
abroad, and to use cash dispensers which are on (6) ________ streets, or are well lit at night.
A quarter of all crimes are car thefts or thefts of things from cars, like radio and cassette players. If
your car is (7) ________, you may not get it back. One in four are never found, and even if it is, it may be
badly (8) ________. Always lock all doors and windows, and think about fitting a car alarm too. If you are
buying a new radio cassette player, it is (9) ________ choosing one that is security-code or removable by
the driver. These precautions will help to (10) ________ thieves.

1: A. taking B. holding C. carrying D. bringing

31
2: A. mass B. band C. crowd D. group
3: A. view B. sight C. visibility D. vision
4: A. keep B. catch C. take D. have
5: A. suggested B. told C. informed D. advised
6: A. main B. important C. principal D. major
7: A. robbed B. burgled C. stolen D. hijacked
8: A. hurt B. damaged C. spoilt D. injured
9: A. beneficial B. practical C. worthwhile D. sensible
10: A. put off B. put down C. put out D. put back

TEXT 5
San Francisco
San Francisco lies on the coast of northern California. The earliest Europeans to discover the (1)
…………..were led by a Spanish explorer (2)……………name was Gaspar de Portola.
He first saw it in 1769. Surprisingly, (3) San Francisco Bay is a wonderful natural harbor, it was discovered
by land (4)…………..than by sea.
In 1849, people (5) .....................in San Francisco in their thousands (6)………….to find gold. However, it
was not the men looking for the gold that got rich. The richest people (7)…………their money from
owning banks and law firms and they built themselves large houses on one of the hills. This was (8) as Nob
Hill.
Nowadays, tourists are (9) ......................…….to San Francisco because there they can see famous places
like Chinatown and the Golden Gate Bridge. Many even (10) ……………the short boat trip to the island of
Alcatraz to see the former prison.

1 A area B part C space D position

2 A who B whose C what D which
3 A if B unless C although D despite
4 A except B instead C apart D rather
5 A reached B arrived C entered D approached
6 A wondering B hoping C considering D depending
7 A did B became C made D brought
8 A told B called C named D known
9 A interested B attracted C pleased D excited
10 A take B spend C go D travel

TEXT 6
Tom Cruise
Tom cruise is one of the most successful actors in cinema history. However, life hasn’t always been that
easy for him. As a young boy, Tom was shy and had __1__ in finding friends, although he really enjoyed
__2__ part in school plays.
__3__ he had finished High School, Tom went to New York to look for work. He found employment as a
porter, and at the same time he __4__ drama classes. In 1980, the film director Franco Zeffirelli __5__ Tom
his first part in a film. Ten years later, he had become __6__ successful that he was one of the highest-paid
32
actors in Hollywood, __7__ millions of dollars for __8__ film. Today, Tom __9__ appears in films and is
as __10__ as ever with his thousands of fans from all around the world.
1. A. worry B. problem C. fear D. difficulty
2. A. making B. holding C. taking D. finding
3. A. While B. During C. After D. Until
4. A. prepared B. waited C. attended D. happened
5. A. suggested B. offered C. tried D. advised
6. A. so B. such C. too D. very
7. A. paying B. earning C. winning D. reaching
8. A. another B. all C. each D. some
9. A. yet B. ever C. already D. still
10. A. popular B. favourite C. preferred D. approved

TEXT 7
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was born on a farm in Michigan in 1863 but he did not like farming. When he was fifteen he
began work as a mechanic and in 1893 he built his first car. After he __1__ driven it 1,500 kilometers, he
sold it and built two bigger cars. Then, in 1903, he __2__ the Ford Motor Company. By __3__ strong but
light steel, he built cheap cars for __4__ people to buy. In 1908, he built the first Ford Model “T”, __5__
sold for $825. He was soon selling 100 cars __6__ day. By 1927, the Ford Motor Company was __7__
$700 million. Early Ford cars were simple and cheap, but __8__ things simple sometimes __9__ less
choice. “You __10__ have any colour you like,” said Henry Ford of the Model T, “as long as it’s black.”

1. A. is B. was C. had D. has

2. A. raised B. started C. led D. appeared
3. A. putting B. operating C. using D. managing
4. A. usual B. ordinary C. general D. typical
5. A. where B. which C. who D. what
6. A. a B. some C. the D. one
7. A. rich B. worth C. expensive D. dear
8. A. remaining B. staying C. keeping D. holding
9. A. meant B. decided C. planned D. intended
10. A. will B. ought C. need D. can

TEXT 8
THE FIRST WOMAN SCIENTIST

Hypatia was born in Alexandria, in Egypt, in 370 A.D. For many centuries she was __1__ only woman
scientist to have a place in the history books.
Hypatia’s father was director of Alexandria University, and he _2__ sure his daughter had the best
education available. This was unusual, as most women then had few __3_ to study.
After studying in Athens and Rome, Hypatia returned to Alexandria __4_ she began teaching
mathematics. She soon became famous __5_ her knowledge of new ideas.
We have no copies of her books, _6__ we know that she wrote several important mathematical works.
Hypatia was also interested in technology and _7__ several scientific tools to help with her work.

33
At the __8_ many rulers were afraid of science, and __9_ connected with it was in danger. One day in
March 415, Hypatia_10_ attacked in the street and killed.

1. A. one B. the C. a D. an
2. A. could B. made C. said D. put
3. A. classes B. customs C. opportunities D. teachers
4. A. where B. how C. there D. which
5. A. from B. by C. for D. in
6. A. because B. but C. or D. as
7. A. did B. experimented C. invented D. learnt
8. A. day B. period C. year D. time
9. A. anyone B. nobody C. all D. something
10. A. was B. had C. has D. is

TEXT 9
On a cold March evening, Claire Johnson sat down at the kitchen table in her home near London. She and
her family had __1__ thirty years there. Her husband and her daughter were already at the table. They
__2__ a packet of biscuits and drank tea __3__ with water which Claire had boiled in their only pan.
It was the same kitchen in __4__ Claire had organized hundreds of enormous meals for friends from all
__5__ the world. For so __6__ years the sounds of her family, friends and visitors had filled the house.
Now it was quiet. It would soon be __7__ to go. She had packed the last of their clothes __8__ two
suitcases which her husband had __9__ from a friend.
The three of them ate their food in __10__. They didn’t know what tomorrow would bring.

1. A. left B. attended C. spent D. taken

2. A. gave B. shared C. used D. offered
3. A. done B. got C. put D. made
4. A. where B. what C. which D. whose
5. A. over B. about C. through D. among
6. A. several B. many C. much D. plenty
7. A. hour B. moment C. occasion D. time
8. A. for B. onto C. into D. with
9. A. given B. borrowed C. lent D. supplied
10. A. quiet B. calm C. silence D. rest

TEXT 10
Sweden’s Ice Hotel
The village of Jukkasjarvi is in Swedish Lapland, and winter temperatures there can reach -40 degrees
Celcius. But 6,000 holidaymakers __1__ go there annually, to visit what is probably Europe’s most unusual
accommodation.
In this hotel you eat, drink, and sleep in rooms made __2__ ice. If you want, you can __3__ get married in
one. The bar is ice too, and putting hot drinks on it is obviously not __4__! The bedrooms are around -4
degrees Celcius, but unfortunately guests are __5__ with special sleeping bags that will keep __6__ warm
in the coldest of temperatures. __7__ outdoor clothes can be supplied too, if needed.
The hotel is never more than six months old __8__ it melts in summer, and __9__ winter it is built.
Creating the hotel __10__ 10,000 tonnes of ice, plus 30,000 tonnes of snow.

34
1. A. therefore B. ever C. also D. still
2. A. by B. of C. within D. for
3. A. even B. however C. already D. yet
4. A. supported B. recognized C. recommended D. agreed
5. A. given B. offered C. provided D. delivered
6. A. these B. those C. they D. them
7. A. Suitable B. Convenient C. Acceptable D. Satisfactory
8. A. although B. because C. so D. while
9. A. other B. any C. each D. another
10. A. brings B. puts C. fetches D. takes

35
SECTION TWO: WRITING (45pts)
PART ONE: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as
the sentence printed before it.

1. Mr. Mills lost his job because he was late every day.
If Mr. Mills had not been late every day, he would not have lost his job.
2. Have you had enough for lunch?’ the landlady asked me.
The landlady asked me whether I had had enough for lunch
3. The police made the youth empty his pockets.
The youth was made to empty his pockets.
4. Laurence hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan.
Laurence last saw his sister when she left for Japan.
5. Maria didn’t apply for the job in the library and regrets it now.
Maria wishes she had applied for the job in the library.
6. Air travel is faster than any other kind of transport.
Air travel is the fastest kind of transport.
7. I’ve never met such a famous person before.
It’s the first time I’ve met such a famous person.
8. The fridge was so heavy that we couldn’t move it.
The fridge was too heavy for us to move.
9. Have you got a cheaper service than this?
Is this the most expensive service of yours?
10. Unless he contacts immediately he won’t get any necessary information.
If he contacts immediately, he’ll get some necessary information.
11. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
In spite of taking a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
12. The station clock showed half past ten.
According to the station clock, it was half past ten then.
13. Mr. Parker hasn’t seen his daughter since she left for the U.K.
Mr. Parker last saw his daughter when she left for the U.K.
14. Mr. Dryden mended the washing machine for me.
I had my washing machine mended by Mr. Dryden.
15. This is his first visit to England.
He is now visiting England the first time.
16. Michael laughed when I told him the joke.
The joke made Michael laugh.
17. The train couldn’t run because of the snow.
The snow prevented the train from running.
18. Doctors say that we should be careful about what to eat.
Doctors advise us to be careful about what to eat.
19. Does anyone know what this picture is worth today?
Does anyone know how much is this picture today?
36
 20. I’m sure you didn’t lock the front door. Here’s the key.
You can’t have locked the front door because the key is here.
21. Mark is too young to see the horror film.
Mark is not old enough to see the horror film.
22. I get to work in twenty minutes.
It takes me 20 minutes to get to work.
23. Alice’s strange ideas astonished everybody.
Everybody was astonished at Alice’s strange ideas.
24. What a pity you failed your driving test!
I wish I had passed the driving test.
25. You’d better go to the doctor if you’ve got a pain in your back, Anna,’ said Henry
Henry suggested Anna go to the doctor if she’d got a pain in her back.
26. Charles lives quite near his aunt’s house.
Charles doesn’t live far from his aunt’s house.
27. Afamilyticketcosts£10.
The cost for a family ticket is £10
28. John only understood very little of what the teacher said.
John could hardly understand what the teacher said.
29. George is not nearly as energetic as he used to be.
George used to be more energetic.
30. John could not find the right house.
John was unable to find the right house.
31. Cheaper tickets are available from some travel agents.
Some travel agents offer cheaper tickets.
32. Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building.
No sooner had the burglars left the building than the alarm rang.
33. John is fat because he eats so many chips.
If John didn’t eat so many chips, he wouldn’t be fat.
34. Turn off all switches before leaving the workshop.
All the switches must be turned off before the last person (you) leave the workshop.
35. Please do not smoke in this area of the restaurant.
Customers are requested not to smoke in this area of the restaurant.
36. The news was so good that she smiled happily.
It was such good news that she smiled happily.
37. Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car.
In spite of his broken leg, he managed to get out of the car.
38. I’d rather not see him now.
I don’t want to see him now.
39. Without this treatment, the patient would have died.
If he hadn’t been treated in that way, the patient would have died.
40. I am very pleased that we shall have a chance to work together again soon.
I am looking forward to working with you again soon.
41. After seeing an advertisement for Italian lessons, Daniel decided to go.
37
 Daniel saw an advertisement for Italian lessons and decided to go.
42. Check your tyres before a long journey.
Before a long journey, remember to check your tyres.
43. Collecting dolls from foreign countries is one of Jane’s interests.
Jane is interested in collecting dolls from foreign countries.
44. Don’t forget to turn off all the lights,’ she told him.
She reminded him of turning off all the lights.
45. I didn’t arrive in time to see her.
I wasn’t early enough to see her.
46. Would you like me to help you with this form?
I’ll help you with this form.
47. You are asked to work hard.
Please work hard.
48. Amanda finally managed to get a good job.
Amanda finally succeeded in getting a good job.
49. It started snowing last week and has not yet stopped.
It has been snowing since last week.
50. I tried as hard as I could, but I just couldn’t get the money.
No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t get the money.
51. It was careless of you to leave the windows open last night.
You shouldn’t have left the window open.
52. Mrs. Edwards is the owner of that car.
That car belongs to Mrs. Edwards.
53. It was such a difficult lesson that we couldn’t understand at all.
The lesson was so difficult that we couldn’t understand at all.
54. My suit needs to be cleaned before the interview.
I must have my suits cleaned before the interview.
55. Temperature is measured by a thermometer.
A thermometer is used to measure temperature.
56. Entrance at weekends is more expensive than on weekdays.
Entrance on weekdays is less expensive than on weekends.
57. He will come because he wants to be sure of meeting you.
He will come so that he can meet you.
58. It isn’t necessary to finish the work today.
You don’t need to finish the work today.
59. It was such a dirty beach that we decided not to stay.
The beach was so dirty that we decided not to stay.
60. Sebastian’s career as a television presenter began five years ago.
Sebastian has worked as a television presenter for five years.
61. Attendances at the exhibition have been down this year.
The exhibition has been less attended this year.
62. He is sorry now that he didn’t invite Molly to his party.
He wishes he had invited Molly to his party.
38
 63. That meal was excellent!
What an excellent meal!
64. The mathematical matter was extremely difficult but she tried to solve it.
Despite the extremely difficult mathematical matter, she tried to solve it.
65. These children never get up before 7 A.M.
These children are not used to getting up before 7 A.M.
66. He is said to have been the richest in the town.
People say he has been the richest in the town.
67. I think it may rain.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
68. ‘You damaged my bicycle, John!’ said Margaret.
Margaret accused John of damaging her bicycle.
69. Betty allowed Karen to keep the kitten.
Betty let Karen keep the kitten.
70. Entry is free if you are under 18.
You can enter freely if you are under 18.
71. James spoke to his lawyer before signing the contract.
James didn’t sign the contract until he spoke to his lawyer.
72. He is not tall enough to reach the shelf.
He is too short to reach the shelf.
73. Henry regretted buying the second-hand car.
Henry wished he had bought the second-hand car.
74. If sales don’t improve dramatically, we will make a loss this year.
Unless sales improve dramatically, we will make a loss this year.
75. Jane is a better cook than Robert.
Robert can’t cook as well as Jane.
76. I can’t get my feet into these shoes.
These shoes are not large enough for me.
77. It is impossible to learn by heart the whole book in two days.
Learning by heart the whole book in two days is impossible.
78. Jenny does not play tennis as well as she used to.
Jenny used to play tennis better.
79. We had planned to visit grandmother, so we left early in the morning.
We were planning to visit grandmother; therefore we left early in the morning.
80. Henry found a wallet with no name in it.
The wallet with no name in it was found.
81. It is one hundred years since the birth of D.H. Lawrence, a famous novelist.
D.H. Lawrence, a famous novelist, was born one hundred years ago.
82. I haven't smoked for 3 years now.
I gave up smoking 3 years ago.
83. Dr. Gibson told me to take off my shoes and socks.
Dr. Gibson said, ‘Please take off your shoes and socks’
84. The authorities will prosecute anyone they find trespassing on this land.
39
 Anyone found to trespass on the land will be prosecuted.
85. Do you know who these skis belong to?
Do you know whose these skis are?
86. This is the most delicious cake I have ever tasted.
I have never tasted such a delicious cake before.
87. I don’t really want to have lunch yet.
I’d rather not have lunch.
88. He asked me: "Does a language reflect the culture of the country where it's spoken?"
He asked me whether a language reflects the culture of the country where it’s spoken.
89. ‘Why didn’t I get a computer before?’ thought the office manager.
The office manager wondered why he hadn’t got a computer before
90. As television programs become more popular, they seem to get worse.
The more popular television programs become, the worse they seem to get.
91. Are they happy that they have only one course this semester?
Are they happy to have only one course this semester?
92. Driving a car in the town centre is not allowed.
You are not allowed to drive a car in the town centre.
93. He takes a pocket dictionary with him everywhere.
Wherever he goes, he takes a phrasebook with him.
94. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.
Apples are usually not as expensive as oranges.
95. Driving in heavy snow isn’t easy.
Heavy snow makes driving difficult.
96. It is a six- hour drive from London to Edinburgh.
It takes six hours to drive from London to Edinburgh.
97. It wasn’t necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.
You needn’t have met me at the airport yesterday.
98. They have sold that old house at the end of the road.
That old house at the end of the road has been sold.
99. They moved to their new house five years ago.
It’s been five years since they moved to their new house.
100. People say Greek is a difficult language to learn.
Greek is said to be a difficult language to learn.

40
PART 2: WRITING (25pts)
Directions: Read the topic carefully and write a passage from 100 to 120 words to answer the
question or to express your view.

1. A healthy person is often described as someone who has a good diet, gets lots of exercise,
and avoids stress. What do people do to stay healthy in your country?
2. Tell me the film you have watched recently. Do you like it or not?
3. What kind of music do you like listening to?
4. Tell me about your place of work. Do you like your job? Why or why not?
5. I’m going to travel to your city / countryside. What should I do? Where should I go?
6. How do you relax? What do you usually do in your free time?
7. Describe one of the most traditional festivals in your country.
8. The introduction of computer is very useful for both work and life. What are the advantages
of hi-tech devices to you?
9. Some people say that money can make life easier and more comfortable. But others say that
having a great amount of wealth can bring some problems. What do you think are the
advantages and disadvantages of having a lot of money?
10. What is the contribution of the computer to your present or future jobs?

41
PRACTICE TEST 1

SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)

PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. I ____ in California when I met my friend, Joe.
A. am working B. working C. worked D. was working
2. I look forward ____ you in the winter.
A. see B. to see C. seeing D. to seeing
3. I ____ smoke so many cigarettes.
A. didn’t use to B. didn’t used to C. not used to D. not use to
4. When I was a child my mother ____ take me to the park every day.
A. should B. may C. must D. would
5. ____ Ellen, Terri was the only girl who attracted any attention.
A. If C. Besides
B. Unless D. However
6. The children listened ____ to the words of their grandfather.
A. respectably C. respectively
B. respectfully D. respect
7. John decided _____ golf on weekends.
A. to begin C. to take up
B. to commence D. to start up
8. It _____ to me whether we meet them or not.
A. makes no difference C. is indifferent
B. makes not a difference D. is not a difference
9. Their parents and ___ went to the same church last weekend.
A. me C. myself
B. I D. mine
10. _____ the floor manager, we don't need to work this Friday afternoon.
A. According C. According from
B. According of D. According to
11. You _____ see the doctor if that back ache persists.
A. better C. have better
B. better have D. had better
12. How long does it take _____ the nearest train station?
A. get to C. to get to
B. to get D. getting to
13. He likes his new job very much and _____.
A. works hardly C. hardly work
B. hard works D. works hard
14. I cannot understand my neighbour's accent. I wish she would _____.
A. speak clearer C. more clearly speak
B. clearer speak D. speak more clearly
15. I have your music CD. I think I _____ your concert video.
A. also have C. too have
42
 B. have too D. have further

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
Isn’t it amazing how much time we spend talking about food? ‘Have you ever eaten…?’ ‘What did you
have for lunch?’ and so on. And yet when you travel from one country to another, you find that people have
quite different feelings about food. People often feel that what they eat is normal, and that what other
people eat is strange or silly. In most part of Asia, for example, no meal is complete without rice. In
England, people eat potatoes every day. In the Middle East, bread is the main part of every meal. Eating,
like so many things we do, becomes a habit which is difficult to change. Americans like to drink a lot of
orange juice and coffee. The English drink tea four or five times every day. Australians drink large amounts
of beer, and the French drink wine every day. The sort of meal people like to eat also differs from one
country to another. Horse meat is thought to be delicious in France. In Hong Kong, some people enjoy
eating snakes. New Zealanders eat sheep, but they never eat goat meat. The Japanese don’t like to eat sheep
meat because of its smell, but they enjoy eating raw fish.
So it seems that although eating is a topic that we can talk about for hours, there is very little common sense
in what we say about it. People everywhere enjoy eating what they have always eaten, and there is very
little we can do to change our eating habits.

1. The writer thinks that

A. people eat only what is normal to everybody.
B. people often change their feelings about food.
C. people have different opinions about food.
D. people like eating different foods as they travel from one country to another
2. In many Asian countries,
A. people almost have rice in their meal.
B. rice is a perfect food.
C. rice is included in every menu.
D. rice is completely eaten
3. The text is mainly about
A. people’s different attitudes to food.
B. the importance of meat.
C. strange dishes in the world.
D. food and life.
4. The Japanese enjoy eating raw fish because
A. it doesn’t smell.
B. it is special to them.
C. it is well boiled.
D. it is not good to have fish cooked.
5. People everywhere think that
A. we can spend few hours talking about food.
B. there is very little common sense in talking about food.

43
 C. there is very little common sense in what we say about the eating habits.
D. we should do much to change our eating habits.

PASSAGE 2
The sales forecaster interviews sales staff, sales managers and senior management. Talking with experts
and analyzing figures from previous years help to show trends, the relationship between price and demand,
and any seasonal variations. The forecaster also considers the effects of advertising, or changes in the
market, for example, if new competition arrives or old competitors disappear.
Sales forecasting is an attempt to estimate the level of regular business. It includes existing contracts, the
typical volume of sales to regular customers, typical volume of non-regular business and an estimate of the
volume of new business.
Questions
1. What does the sales forecaster do?
A. interviews sales staff
B. interviews sales managers and senior management
C. considers the effects of advertising
D. All of the above
2. What can talking and analysing figures from previous years with experts help?
A. Consider the effects of advertising
B. Change in the market
C. Estimate the level of regular business
D. Show trends, the relationship between price and demand, and any seasonal variations
3. What does the forecaster do with the figures from previous years?
A. Shows between price and demand
B. Analyses them
C. Considers the effects of advertising
D. Estimates them
4. What does 'regular customers' mean?
A. Established customers
B. Seasonal clients
C. Frequent buyers
D. Occasional consumers
5. What does sales forecasting consist of?
A. Typical volume of sales to occasional customers
B. Typical volumes of all possible types of sales
C. Existing contracts and potential contracts with potential customers
D. All of the above

PASSAGE 3
Water is necessary for life. People can live only a few days without it. Yet nearly 25 million people
die each year because of it. Both industrial nations and less-developed countries are worried about the
quality and quantity of water in the world.
The United Nations has named these ten years the World Water Decade. The UN hopes to provide
pure water for everyone in ten years’ time.
Even though people, animals, agriculture, and industry use a lot of water, there is more than enough
on the Earth. Water covers about three-fourths of the Earth's surface. However, 97.4 percent of it is salt
44
water. Most of the water we use comes from rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere. Less than one percent of the
Earth's water is usable, and we use it over and over again.
One of the problems about water is distribution. Water is not always distributed where the large
population centres are. Some regions get enough rain, but it is all in one or two short rainy seasons.
Questions
1. It is implied in the first paragraph that:
A. Without water people will die after only a few days
B. Nearly 25 million people die each year because of the lack of water
C. Water in industrial countries is not qualified enough
D. Industrial countries worry about the amount of water lost in the world
2. Why has the United Nation named these ten years the World Water Decade?
A. There have been a lot of natural disasters in recent years
B. It is worried about the quality and quantity of water in the world
C. It hopes to provide people with enough clean water by the end of the decade
D. Because there is more than enough water on the Earth
3. What can be said about the amount of usable water in the world?
A. It covers about three-fourths of the Earth's surface
B. About 97.4 percent of the world’s water is salt water
C. There is more than enough water on the Earth
D. It comprises only less than one percent of the Earth's water
4. Which statement is NOT true?
A. About three-fourths of the Earth’s surface is salt water
B. There is more than enough water on the Earth for people to use
C. Water from rivers, lakes only makes up less than one percent of the Earth's water
D. We use water from rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere over and over again
5. What is true about the distribution of water in the world?
A. Water is not always distributed equally over all regions
B. Water can be distributed by rain
C. Water can be insufficient in one place and surplus in another place
D. All of the above

PASSAGE 4
By 1968 many people had become tired of Elvis Presley. He hadn't performed live since 1960. But he
recorded a new album named "From Elvis in Memphis" and appeared in a special television programme.
He became popular again, and went to Las Vegas, where he was paid $750,000 for four weeks. In 1972 his
wife left him, and they were divorced in October, 1973. He died from a heart attack in 1977. He had been
working too hard, and drinking, and eating too much for several years. He left all his money to his only
daughter, Lisa Marie Presley. She became one of the richest people in the world when she was only nine
years old.

Questions

1. Why did many people no longer like Elvis as before?

A. They had become tired of him
B. They enjoyed seeing him perform live, but he hadn't for nearly a decade.
C. He appeared in a special television programme

45
 D. He recorded a new album
2. How did he get their support again?
A. He performed live again
B. He recorded a new album
C. He appeared in a special television programme
D. All of the above
3. What did he die of?
A. A heart attack
B. Working too hard for a long time
C. Drinking and eating too much for several years
D. All of the above
4. What was believed to be the cause of his heart disease?
A. Because his wife left him in 1972
B. It was due to his divorce in October, 1973
C. A heart attack
D. This is not mentioned in the text
5. In what way did Lisa Marie Presley become one of the richest people in the world?
A. She was only nine years old
B. She inherited her father’s fortune
C. Elvis Presley left all his money to his only daughter, Lisa Marie Presley
D. B & C are correct

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

The man who made and lost a fortune manufacturing kitchen furniture is back in business again. 37-year-
old Timothy Lindlaw is now designing __1__ for offices- from the director’s suite to the secretarial office.
Lindlaw had always had a lot of good ideas. After he __2__ a highly successful computer business for two
years, he started his second business in a small garage, selling and installing kitchen furniture. He __3__ his
first million pounds by the time he was thirty. Then he went on to earn over five million in three years.
But, after __4__ with the managers of his company, he suddenly dismissed them. Within six months the
business had gone bankrupt. And so __5__ Lindlaw. ‘I had made five million pounds before things __6__
to go wrong,’ he said. ‘I was just unlucky to lose it later. All companies __7__ through good times- and
through bad times. Now __8__ several lessons which I’ll never forget.’
He said that he __9__ to call his new company ‘Office-fit’ and was already very successful. Lindlaw said
that it was a market worth hundreds of millions. He added that, until he started, no one __10__ of designing
and supplying furniture for whole business companies, according to their individual requirements.
1. A. furniture B. furnitures C. some furnitures D. a furniture
2. A. has run B. runs C. was running D. had run
3. A. has made B. used to make C. had made D. would make

46
4. A. quarrel B. quarrelling C. quarelled D. have quarelled
5. A. has B. does C. did D. had
6. A. have begun B. began C. begin D. would begin
7. A. went B. have gone C. had gone D. go
8. A. I learn B. I’ve learnt C. I learned D. I’d learn
9. A. had decided B. was deciding C. decided D. has decided
10. A. had ever thought B. ever thinks C. would ever think D. has ever thought

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

1. ‘I’ve seen the film three times, Mary,’ said George.

George told Mary that he had seen the film three times.
2. Despite the fact that John is old and ugly, women love him because he is rich.
Although John is old and ugly women love him because he is rich.
3. He prefers golf to tennis.
He’d rather play golf than tennis.
4. Mr. Smith is the wisest member of the family.
No member of the family is wiser than Mr. Smith.
5. You should find out which suppliers offer the most competitive prices.
You’d better find out the suppliers offering the best prices.
6. Tim will be eighteen next week.
It’s Tim’s eighteenth birthday next week.
7. Unless someone has a key, we can’t get into the house.
We can only get into the house if someone has a key.
8. She left university two years ago.
It is two years since she left university.
9. This statement can be sent at the end of the month.
You can receive this statement at the end of the month.
10. Walking in the rain gives him pleasure.
He enjoys walking in the rain.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.
Young people should spend more time on sports and outdoor activities. Do you agree? Why, or why
not?

47
PRACTICE TEST 2
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. She plays the flute ___ an expert.
A. like C. as
B. since D. as if
2. Here _____ notebook and report that I promised you last week.
A. is the C. was the
B. are the D. has been a
3. Neither Jane nor her brothers ____ a consent form for tomorrow's field trip.
A. need C. is needing
B. needs D. has need
4. Cuba is _____ sugar-growing areas in the world.
A. one of the larger C. one of the largest
B. one of largest D. largest
5. The skiers would rather ____ through the mountains than go by bus.
A. to travel on train C. travel by train
B. traveled by train D. traveling by the train
6. That magnificent ____ temple was constructed by the Chinese.
A. eight-centuries-old C. old-eight-centuries
B. eight-century's-old D. eight-century-old
7. Why don't you try to come home _____ 9 o'clock?
A. by B. under C. until D. up to
8. He _____ take off his shoes before he entered the room.
A. must B. has to C. have to D. had to
9. You'd better go now, _____ you'll miss the next train.
A. if else B. or else C. or not D. unless
10. He moved the TV antenna _____ he could get a clearer picture.
A. because of B. in which C. so which D. so that
11. How do you say "that's mine" _____ Spanish?
A. by B. in C. on D. with
12. The passengers ___ for a long time before they could be used.
A. wished B. wanted C. waited D. went
13. Ms. Barrios __ to the convention if she can get time off.
A. has gone B. had gone C. will go D. was going
14. The manager made his employees ___ the computer training classes.
A. attending B. attend C. to attend D. attendance
15. The meeting will take place ____ 11:00.
A. in B. on C. for D. at

48
PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
David Bayer played in his first football match yesterday. He was a new player and didn't know anyone on
his team. During the first 40 minutes he scored a goal and then he helped his teammates to score another
goal. After the second goal, however, he found that there was a terrible mistake. He was on the wrong side!
"My friends didn't believe me, and I can hardly believe it myself". The mix- up began as soon as David
arrived at the Kone football ground before the start of the match against Wopa. "Where are the changing
rooms?" David politely asked someone at the entrance. The man didn't say anything but at once took him to
the Wopa room. Everyone was surprised to see David, but they thought he was a new member of their
team. In the second half of the match David played for Kone and the result was 2-2 draw.

Questions:

1. What team was David on?

A. Kone B. Wopa C. The national team D. A local football team

2. When did he realize the mistake?
A. After the first 40 minutes
B. After he scored the second goal
C. When David arrived at the Kone football ground
D. When a man took him to the Wopa room
3. Why was there such a mistake?
A. He was a new player
B. He didn't know anyone on his team
C. He was taken the wrong changing room
D. All of the above
4. Why did other members of Wopa say nothing when seeing him?
A. He was a new player
B. They didn’t know him
C. They thought he was a new member of their team
D. That was the first time he had been there
5. What did he do then to make up for his mistake?
A. He scored two other goals for his team
B. He played for his team
C. He had scored four goals in that match
D. He helped his team defeat Wopa

PASSAGE 2
When Jack was asked “What would you do if you were the Prime Minister?” he said:
“Well, of course I’m not the Prime Minister, but if I were, I would spend more money on more
hospitals and schools. We need more doctors, nurses, and teachers. Money which is spent now on education
and health is a good investment for the future.
Taxes are much too high in this country, aren’t they? I would reduce them. If we reduced taxes,
people would have more money to spend, and they’d spend more.
49
 I’m very worried about inflation. I’d try to control prices. I’d reduce the price of gas, coal, and
electricity. If we did that, everybody would benefit that.
There’s too much crime and violence nowadays. There aren’t enough policemen on the street. If we
increase their salaries, we’ll have more policemen, and we’ll all feel safer.”
Questions:
1. How many areas does Jack think of changing?
A. Two
B. Three
C. More than three
D. All possible fields of concerns
2. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Tax policy can affect people’s spending.
B. The increase in fuel and electricity prices can make the inflation level of the economy more severe.
C. Jack believes that the number of policemen is inversely proportional to the amount of crime.
D. All are correct
3. Why does Jack mention health and education first?
A. He believes in the future.
B. Health is more important than education.
C. He takes them the most seriously.
D. He knows that we need more doctors, nurses, and teachers.
4. What does Jack mean by controlling inflation?
A. He worries about it a lot.
B. He would reduce the prices of gas
C. Everybody could bring benefits to the economy.
D. Inflation makes people have less benefit.
5. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. People are not interested in working as a policeman because the salary is too low.
B. More policemen on the street may make people feel more secure.
C. Higher salaries may attract more people to the career.
D. The lack of policemen may be one cause of more crime and violence.

PASSAGE 3
Remember that immigration and customs officials are very documentation-minded. You should
always carry your passport in a safe place on your person or, if not going far, leave it in the hotel safe. If
staying in a country for several weeks, it is worthwhile to register at your embassy or consulate. Then, if
your passport is stolen, the process of replacing it is simpler and faster. Keeping photocopies of essential
documents and some additional passport-sized photographs is recommended also.

Remember that it is your responsibility to ensure that your passport is stamped in and out when you
cross frontiers. The absence of entry and exit stamps can cause serious difficulties (seek out the proper
official if the stamping is not carried out as you cross). Also, do not lose your entry card; replacing it carries
a lot of headaches and expense. Citizens of countries that require visas can expect more delays and
problems at border crossings.

Questions:

1. Where would this advisory note most likely appear?

50
 A. In a newspaper
B. In an embassy pamphlet
C. In an airline in-flight magazine
D. In a travel guidebook
2. What should travelers do if staying in a country for a month?
A. Carry passport in a safe place or leave it in the hotel safe
B. Register at/ with their embassy or consulate
C. Keep their photocopies of essential documents
D. Present their additional passport-sized photographs
3. Why is it advisable to keep photocopies of essential documents and some additional passport-sized
photographs?
A. Because the embassy or consulate will need them for your stay registration.
B. To prevent your passport from loss or theft.
C. In case of loss or theft, the replacing process will become simpler and faster.
D. To avoid the custom’s investigation.
4. If border officials do not stamp the passport, what should a traveler do?
A. Request that it be stamped as soon as possible
B. Refrain from entering the country
C. Go to the embassy
D. Get help at the frontier
5. Who should expect delays at border crossings?
A. People whose passports are not stamped when they cross frontiers.
B. People who lose entry cards
C. Citizens of countries that require visas
D. All of the above

PASSAGE 4
Many travelers prefer to buy foreign currency in their own countries before they leave, both for
convenience and as a hedge against possible market fluctuation.
Arriving in a foreign country can be a confusing experience, even for seasoned travelers. By buying
your currency beforehand, you can become acquainted with the value and appearance of the notes and
coins, as well as avoid any exchange commissions applied by foreign banks for the conversion of foreign
currency. It is more convenient to have some local currency with you immediately upon arrival in a foreign
country for the inevitable initial expenses, such as taxis, meals, and tips, as your arrival might not coincide
with normal banking hours. As soon as you arrive, you can be ready to go without wasting time lining up to
exchange your money.
Questions:
1. Why do most travellers buy foreign currency in their own country before going abroad?
A. They cannot do that in the foreign country.
B. They want to protect themselves against possible exchange risk in the future.
C. It is more convenient for them than doing it in the foreign country.
D. The market has its own hedge.
2. Who are “seasoned travelers”?
A. Summer tourists
B. A basketball team
C. Experienced travelers
51
 D. Occasional travelers (occurring infrequently at irregular intervals)
3. What is another way to say ‘you can become acquainted with’?
A. You can get one more acquaintance.
B. You can become friends.
C. You can find it familiar after some time.
D. You used to do that
4. If travelers change their money before they leave, what will they NOT have to do?
A. Pay for initial expenses
B. Wait in line for foreign currency
C. Go through customs
D. Watch the exchange market
5. What is true about visitors to foreign countries?
A. They do not need local currency
B. They can become confused with various denominations
C. They can avoid taxes
D. They can apply exchange commissions to banks

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

NEW OPPORTUNITIES WITH

AN OPEN UNIVERSITY DEGREE

Like any other university, the Open University can give you a degree. However, you don’t have to __1__
working to study. It can also open up a whole variety __2__ interests.
If you have __3__ studied before, you will enjoy the special, new pleasure of __4__ your knowledge. You
will make friends of __5__ kinds. You may also __6__ that your qualification provides new career
opportunities.
You don’t actually __7__ to the Open University for lectures, but study at home, using television, radio
and computer software. You can __8__ one class a month if you wish at an Open University centre. Of
course, there are exams to take, as in __9__ university.
If you __10__ like to know more, all you have to do is complete the form below. It could be the start of a
wonderful new period in your life.

1. A. stop B. end C. break D. leave

2. A. from B. of C. in D. for
3. A. ever B. never C. often D. always
4. A. growing B. changing C. adding D. increasing
5. A. all B. each C. both D. every
6. A. suggest B. find C. wish D. want
7. A. join B. enter C. arrive D. go
8. A. give B. attend C. learn D. study
9. A. any B. some C. many D. most
10. A. did B. will C. would D. can

52
SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)
PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.
1. ‘John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,’ said Mary.
Mary asked John not to tell anyone her new address.
2. If Joe doesn’t change his ways, he will end up in prison.
Unless Joe changes his ways, he will end up in prison.
3. The garden still needs digging.
The garden hasn’t been dug yet.
4. The gate is closed to stop the children running into the road.
The gate is closed in order that the children cannot run into the road.
5. Mrs. Taylor does not like living in such a small house.
Mrs. Taylor wishes she had a bigger house.
6. Society does not accept people kissing in public.
It is not acceptable to kiss in public.
7. Always take the car keys with you when you park the car.
Don’t forget to take the car keys with you when you park it.
8. I don’t really want to visit the museum.
I’d rather not visit the museum.
9. Please check for damage before signing the delivery note.
Don’t sign the delivery note before you check for damage.
10. You will catch a cold if you don’t keep your feet dry.
Unless you keep your feet dry, you’ll catch a cold.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.
The Internet has many advantages. What are they?

53
PRACTICE TEST 3
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. Writing a research paper takes a lot of time ___ it requires library work.
A. because of B. how C. as D. due to
2. Business travelers usually do paperwork ____ their flights.
A. during B. while C. when D. as
3. The person ___ prepared this report has a real talent for writing.
A. which B. who C. whose D. she
4. The restaurant will prepare any dish without salt if a guest ___ it.
A. will request B. requests C. requested D. request
5. The Jones Company has a reputation for quality of goods ___ services.
A. nor B. but C. and D. or
6. The pharmacist needed the doctor ___ the prescription before she filled it.
A. verifying B. verified C. verifies D. to verify
7. The radio advertisements will start airing ___ Friday.
A. of B. in C. on D. at
8. High and low atmospheric pressure systems are ___ cause changing weather patterns.
A. the B. whose C. which D. what
9. You ___ to attend the meeting on Thursday.
A. must B. have C. required D. be
10. Two of these books are mine; ___ are John’s.
A. another B. others C. the others D. rest
11. He persuaded his friend ___ for a job.
A. look B. looking C. to look D. looked
12. Who suggested ___ here for the picnic?
A. come B. came C. to come D. coming
13. It was agreed that the committee meet again ____ the tenth of April.
A. for B. on C. to D. from
14. The people ___ house we’re staying in live in England.
A. which B. whose C. their D. where
15. The government announced its new ___ strategy.
A. economic B. economically C. economy D. economized

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
MILLION DOLLAR HOMEPAGE – by Kate Mackenzie
Twenty-one-year-old Alex Tew was looking for ways to raise money for his university studies. In
August 2005, he had what he called ‘the perfect idea’: simple, catchy, and cheap’. He opened a one-page

54
website, divided it into a million pixels (or dots), and sold the space as advertising. He sold his pixels for
one dollar each, the minimum purchase being 100 pixels.
Tew spent the money generated by the first sale on promoting his website, the ‘Million Dollar
Homepage’. After a couple of months of intense media coverage, he had sold about $400,000 worth of
pixels.
Because of its high traffic and low prices, his site was in great demand among companies that
needed advertising space, including The Times newspaper and Yahoo. In late January 2006, last pixels were
sold, and Tew became a millionaire.
Tew knows that this idea will only works once, but he says he has learned a lot about business, and
he is already working on his next venture.

Questions
1. What was Alex Tew’s job when he opened the website?
A. Website designer
B. Computer programmer
C. University student
D. He was working for an advertising agency
2. How long did it take Alex Tew to sell off the pixels?
A. One year
B. Nearly two years
C. About five months
D. In late January 2006
3. How much had he earned from the sale then?
A. $400,000 worth of pixels
B. $1,000 worth of pixels
C. One million dollars
D. He became a millionaire
4. What made Tew’s online internet so popular?
A. The support of intense media coverage
B. His site’s high traffic and low prices
C. The fact that companies needed advertising space
D. All of the above
5. What does Tew gain from his success?
A. Financial benefit
B. Experience in doing business
C. Social relationships
D. A & B are correct

PASSAGE 2
Today the most universally known style of trousers for both men and women is jeans; these trousers are
worn throughout the world on a variety of occasions. Also called levis or denims, jeans have an interesting
story.
The word “jean” is derived from the name of the place where a similar style of pants developed. In the 16 th
century, sailors from Genoa, Italy, wore a unique style of cotton trousers. In French, the word for the city of

55
Genoa and for the people from that city is Genes; this name became attached to the trousers and developed
into the word jeans.
Similar to the word jeans, the word denim is also derived from a place name. In the 17th century, French
sailors began making trousers out of a specialized type of cloth that was developed in the city of Nimes,
France and was known serge de Nimes. This name eventually developed into denim, the material which
jeans are made and an alternative name for these popular pants.
The word “levis” came from a person. In the 19 th century, Levis Strauss tried to sell heavy canvas to miners
taking part in the hunt for gold in northern California. He intended for this canvas to be used by miners to
make heavy-duty tents. This first attempt was a failure but he later found success when he used the canvas
to make indestructible pants for the miners. He changed the fabric from brown canvas to blue denim,
creating a style of pants that long outlived him and is now referred to by his name.

1. All of the followings are mentioned in the passage about Genoa except that it ___
A. was the source of the word jeans
B. is in Italy
C. has a different name in French
D. is a landlocked city
2. The word denim was most probably derived from ___
A. 2 French words
B. 2 Italian words
C. 1 French word and 1 Italian word
D. 3 French words
3. All of the following are mentioned in the passage about Levis Strauss except that he ___
A. failed to sell heavy canvas to miners to make tents
B. dyed the cloth from brown to blue
C. made his success in creating a new style of trousers
D. was an immigrant to America
4. To develop the pants for which he became famous, Levis did which of the following?
A. He studied tailoring in Nimes
B. He used an existing type of material
C. He experimented with brown denim
D. He tested the pants for destructibility
5. This passage is developed by___
A. mentioning an effect and its causes
B. explaining history with 3 specific cases
C. demonstrating the sides of an issue
D. developing the biography of a famous person

PASSAGE 3
For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming back to an empty
house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in
common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called “latchkey children”. They are children who
look after themselves while their parents work. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

56
Lynette Long was once the principal of an elementary school. She said, “We had a school rule against
wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling
them to put the keys inside shirts. There were so many keys; it never came to my mind what they meant.”
Slowly, she learned that they were house keys. She and her husband began talking to the children who had
keys. They learned of the effect working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear was
the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in three latchkey children the Longs talked to
reported being frightened. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety. The most
common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. They may hide in a shower stall, under a
bed or in a closet. The second is TV. They often turn the volume up. It’s hard to get statistics on latchkey
children, the Longs have learned. Most parents are slow to admit that they leave their children alone.

1. The phrase “an empty house” in the passage mostly means ______.
A. a house with no people inside
B. a house with no furniture
C. a house with nothing inside
D. a house with too much space
2. One thing that the children in the passage share is that ______.
A. they all watch TV
B. they spend part of each day alone
C. they are from single-parent families
D. they all wear jewelry
3. The phrase “latchkey children” in the passage means children who ______.
A. close doors with keys and watch TV by themselves
B. like to carry latches and keys with them everywhere
C. are locked inside houses with latches and keys
D. look after themselves while their parents are not at home
4. The main problem of latchkey children is that they ______.
A. are also found in middle-class families
B. watch too much television during the day
C. suffer a lot from being left alone
D. are growing in numbers
5. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A. How kids spend free time.
B. Why kids hate going home.
C. Bad condition of latchkey children.
D. Children’s activities at home.

PASSAGE 4
Benjamin Franklin was one of the most important Americans in history. In the early part of his life,
Franklin was a business person and inventor. He ran the Pennsylvania Gazette newspaper and also
published Poor Richard's Almanac. Poor Richard's Almanac was very popular because it made predictions
about the future and had wise sayings. Ben Franklin also invented the Franklin stove, lightning rod,
bifocals, and started America's first library. He is probably best known for his kite experiment which
proved electricity could be harnessed from lightning.

57
 In the later part of his life, Franklin became interested in politics. He spent many years in England
before coming back to America. In 1776, Franklin helped Thomas Jefferson write the Declaration of
Independence. Two years later, he went to France and convinced the French to help America in the war
against England. After the war, Franklin joined the Continental Congress and signed the Constitution. He
died in 1790. Today, Ben Franklin is honored on the $100 dollar bill. His name is honored on highways,
schools, and businesses across America.

Questions
1. Which of the following is something invented by Ben Franklin?
A. Headphones
B. Electricity
C. Bifocals
D. Kites
2. Which is something that may have been found in Poor Richard's Alamanac?
A. Directions for operating a soda machine
B. The score of a football game
C. "A penny saved is a penny earned"
D. People's phone numbers
3. Ben Franklin is probably famous for:
A. finding out electricity from lightning
B . ha vi ng wise sayings
C . writing the Declaration of Independence
D. his kite experiment proving a possible source of electricity
4. W ha t fi e ld was Franklin not involved in?
A. Pol i t i c s
B. B usi ne ss
C. Science
D. Art
5. Which of the following did Ben Franklin not do?
A. Become president
B. Sign the Constitution
C. Help with the Declaration of Independence
D. Travel to England

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

THE ROCKIES
The Rocky Mountains run almost the length of North America.
They start in the North-west, but lie only a __1__ hundred miles from the centre in more southern areas.
Although the Rockies are smaller __2__ the Alps, they are no less wonderful.
There are many roads across the Rockies, __3__ the best way to see them is to __4__ by train. You start
from Vancouver, __5__ most attractive of Canada’s big cities. Standing with its feet in the water and its
head in the mountains, this city __6__ its residents to ski on slopes just 15 minutes by car from the city
__7__.
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Thirty passenger trains a day used to __8__ off from Vancouver on the cross-continent railway. Now there
are just three a week, but the ride is still a great adventure. You sleep on board, __9__ is fun, but travel
through some of the best __10__ at night.

1. A. many B. lot C. few D. couple

2. A. from B. to C. as D. than
3. A. but B. because C. unless D. since
4. A. drive B. travel C. ride D. pass
5. A. a B. one C. the D. its
6. A. lets B. allows C. offers D. gives
7. A. centre B. circle C. middle D. heart
8. A. leave B. get C. take D. set
9. A. when B. which C. who D. where
10. A. scenery B. view C. site D. beauty

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

1. All of the lessons need to be mastered before the examination.

I must master all of the lessons before the examination.
2. Daniel’s teacher is Italian and her name’s Chiara Paolozzi.
Daniel’s teacher is Italian and s h e ’ s c a l l e d C h i a r a P a o l o z z i .
3. Don’t leave the house until I get back, William,’ said his mother.
William’s mother told him not to leave the house until she got back.
4. I’ve never met such a complicated problem before.
It’s the first time I’ve met such a complicated problem.
5. Your car might break down on the rough mountain road, so take plenty of spare parts.
In case your car breaks down, take plenty of spare parts.
6. This pudding can be cooked in its tin.
You don’t have to take the pudding out the tin to cook it.
7. Although he didn’t speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam.
In spite of being unable to speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam.
8. Dave said that he had seen the film before.
Dave said, ‘I have seen the film before.’
9. He couldn’t prepare the annual report.
The annual report couldn’t be prepared.
10. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
If Susan hadn’t eaten four cream cakes, she wouldn’t felt sick.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.
Friends and family bring more happiness than money. Do you agree? Why or why not?
59
PRACTICE TEST 4
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. If the maid comes today, please have her ___ my shirts.
A. washed C. to washing
B. washing D. wash
2. It is already 3 o'clock. Can you _____ time to catch the bus?
A. have enough C. make in
B. have it in D. make it in
3. I went to have my glasses _____.
A. fit B. fitted C. fit on D. fitted on
4. Mary's house is _____ the hair salon. Do you think you can find it?
A. along B. near to C. against D. next to
5. I hear you have started a new job. _____like it?
A. How do you C. What you
B. How D. What do you
6. Starting in 1972, lightning fires in Yellowstone National Park ___ to take their natural course unless
they threatened park facilities.
A. they allowed C. allow
B. allowing D. were allowed
7. We saw _____ wild animals while on vacation.
A. quite a few C. quite many
B. quite much D. quite some
8. They are late as usual. I don't think we should _____ them.
A. await for C. await on
B. wait for D. wait on
9. Are you _____ the competition?
A. enter B. going entering C. go to enter D. going to enter
10. You had better _____ the tourist information office.
A. inquire at B. inquiring at C. inquire to D. inquiring at
11. Ireland was part of the UK, _____?
A. didn't it B. wasn't it C. hasn't it D. weren't it
12. They will be _____ at the party.
A. present B. presents C. presenting D. at present
13. Will they go _____ this summer?
A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. to swimming
14. I'll finish my work by four o'clock and _____ home.
A. go to B. go back C. come to D. come back to
15. The electric light was invented in _____.
A. the nineteenth century C. nineteen century
B. nineteen centuries D. century the nineteenth
16. The changes in this city have occurred ____.
A. with swiftness C. fastly
B. rapidly D. in rapid ways
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 17. ‘Who’s at the door?’ ‘It ___ be the mailman. He’s already delivered the mail.’
A. may B. should C. can’t D. doesn’t have to
18. Don’t work so hard. You ____ very tired.
A. look as if B. looking as if C. are looking D. look

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
My name is George Okapis and I am writing to express my views about the survey presented on
your radio station by Ms. Janet Smith. I share the opinion that television can have bad influence on
children’s and teenagers’ work at school and on their lives. I strongly believe that it can be quite harmful
for them. Children who watch a lot of TV devote little time to studying their subjects so they receive poor
grades at school. The worst students in my class are those who watch a lot of television. It is also true that
children who watch a lot of TV are generally negative about the world because they cut themselves off
from their peers and friends and they seldom participate in sports or extra curricular activities. The result is
anti-social children with low self-esteem who experience the world through television and have little
contact with the real world.

Questions:
1. Who is George Okapis?
A. The reader of the letter.
B. The radio reporter.
C. The survey designer
D. The writer of the letter
2. It can be inferred from the text that:
A. The writer has quite negative attitude toward TVs.
B. The writer has quite positive attitude toward TVs.
C. The writer has neutral attitude toward TVs.
D. Nothing is correct.
3. According to the writer, why do children get bad scores at school?
A. Because they are the worst students in their class.
B. Because they are generally negative about the world.
C. Watching too much TV makes them neglect their studying
D. They don’t join class activities with other friends.
4. What is another influence of TVs on children?
A. They receive poor grades at school
B. They are usually not able to get on well with the outer world.
C. They hate their peers and friends
D. They devote little time to studying their subjects
5. What does the writer mean by ‘anti-social’?
A. What children have experienced through television is not the real world.
B. Children who watch much TV tend to oppose the society.
C. Children want to rebel because of watching TV

61
 D. Children with low self-esteem should contact the real world.

PASSAGE 2
Have you ever wanted something crazily, worked and suffered for it, and then, after getting it you found
out that it did not make you happy? This is the experience that most of the people who sought gold had got.
In 1896, gold was discovered in the Klondike area of the Yukon, a remote part of northern Canada, and the
great “gold rush” was on. Thousands of people came from many other places with one dream which was to
get rich quickly. Some did. Some became millionaires overnight only to lose everything in a card game the
next day. Others died because temperatures often dropped to - 50ºC, or else were murdered or killed in
accidents or fighting. The style of life was rough and hard.
1. This passage is about ___.
A. gold
B. gold rush
C. what someone wants
D. life in Canada
2. According to the writer, ___.
A. all gold seekers were very happy after they found some gold
B. gold could not make gold seekers really happy
C. gold seekers had no experience
D. gold seekers suffered nothing
3. Gold ___.
A. has not been found yet
B. is something that nobody wants
C. was discovered in the Klondike in 1896
D. helped all people become rich in 1896
4. Gold seekers ___.
A. had the same dream which was to get rich quickly
B. came from Klondike
C. could not find any gold
D. all became millionaires
5. The Klondike ___
A. had no gold
B. could offer gold to all gold seekers
C. made lives easier in 1896
D. was extremely cold
PASSAGE 3
Have you ever wanted something crazily, worked and suffered for it, and then, after getting it you found
out that it did not make you happy? This is the experience that most of the people who sought gold had got.
In 1896, gold was discovered in the Klondike area of the Yukon, a remote part of northern Canada, and the
great “gold rush” was on. Thousands of people came from many other places with one dream which was to
get rich quickly. Some did. Some became millionaires overnight only to lose everything in a card game the
next day. Others died because temperatures often dropped to - 50ºC, or else were murdered or killed in
accidents or fighting. The style of life was rough and hard.
1. This passage is about ___.

62
A. gold
B. gold rush
C. what someone wants
D. life in Canada
2. According to the writer, ___.
A. all gold seekers were very happy after they found some gold
B. gold could not make gold seekers really happy
C. gold seekers had no experience
D. gold seekers suffered nothing
3. Gold ___.
A. has not been found yet
B. is something that nobody wants
C. was discovered in the Klondike in 1896
D. helped all people become rich in 1896
4. Gold seekers ___.
A. had the same dream which was to get rich quickly
B. came from Klondike
C. could not find any gold
D. all became millionaires
5. The Klondike ___
A. had no gold
B. could offer gold to all gold seekers
C. made lives easier in 1896
D. was extremely cold
PASSAGE 4
Jack London was the famous American novelist and short story writer. He was born in San Francisco in
1876. He quit school at fourteen to become a sailor. He was a self- taught student, he finished his high
school and college education during six months. He led an adventurous but poor life. His view point was in
favor of the poor and socialism. He read a lot of books of Karl Marx. He was influenced by Marxist Party
theory and the October Revolution. In 1895, he joined the Socialist Labour Party but in the last years of his
life, he moved away from the working class and in 1916 he left the party. In 1916 he committed suicide
because of despair dream. He used an overdose of morphine and drowned himself in the sea. He was an
adventure novelist, a Social reformer and a prominent socialist who often signed under the line “Yours for
revolution, Jack London.”

1. Jack London quit school in _____________.

A. 1876 B. 1890 C. 1895 D. 1916
2. He led a/ an _____________ life.
A. rich and adventurous
B. poor and quite
C. adventurous and poor
D. rich and quite
3. He was in favour of _____________.
A. self-teaching
B. capitalism
63
C. the rich and the poor
D. the poor and socialism
4. Why did he commit suicide?
A. Because he left the party
B. Because of socialism
C. He used to have a dream
D. Because of despair of life and disillusion with American dream.
5. Which job didn’t he do?
A. a fish man B. a novelist C. a socialist D. a social reformer

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

CARTOON FILMS

Cartoon films have very few limits. If you can draw something, you can __1__ it move on the cinema
screen. The use __2__ new ideas and advanced computer programs means that cartoons are becoming
exciting again for people of __3__ ages.
By the __4__ of the 1970s, the cinema world had decided that cartoons were only for children.
But soon __5__, one or two directors had some original new ideas. They proved that it was possible to
make films in which both adults and children could __6__ the fun.
However, not __7__ cartoon film was successful. The Black Cauldron, for example, failed, mainly because
it was too __8__ for children and too childish for adults. Directors learnt from this __9__, and the films
companies began to make large __10__ of money again.

1. A. get B. cause C. wish D. make

2. A. for B. of C. with D. by
3. A. more B. other C. all D. these
4. A. end B. finish C. departure D. back
5. A. afterwards B. later C. next D. then
6. A. divide B. add C. mix D. share
7. A. every B. both C. any D. each
8. A. nervous B. fearful C. afraid D. frightening
9. A. damage B. crime C. mistake D. fault
10. A. amounts B. accounts C. numbers D. totals

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

1. A train leaves at eight o’clock every morning.

There is a train leaving at 8 o’clock.
2. Handicapped people find shopping in supermarkets difficult.

64
 It’s difficult for handicapped people to shop in supermarkets.
3. If you don’t want Sally to be angry with you, I suggest you apologize.
You’d better apologise to Sally so that she would not be angry with you.
4. John Speke failed to find the source of the River Nile.
John Speke didn’t succeed in finding the source of the River Nile.
5. The account still needs checking.
The account hasn’t been checked yet.
6. You should take a map because you might get lost in those mountains.
In case you get lost in those mountains, you should take a map with you.
7. John missed the ferry because his car broke down.
If John’s car hadn’t broken down, he wouldn’t have missed the ferry.
8. There’s no need for you to talk so loudly.
You don’t have to talk so loudly.
9. To get the 40% discount, you must buy all twelve books at the same time.
You can only get the 40% discount if you buy all twelve books at the same time.
10. Unless he phones immediately he won’t get any data.
If he doesn’t phone immediately, he won’t get any data.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.
Describe your last holiday with your family.

65
PRACTICE TEST 5
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. Would you do me a small favour? I _____ very much.

A. appreciate it

B. would appreciate

C. would be appreciative

D. would appreciate it
2. Jane is the woman who is standing _____ my mother.
A. before

B. to the front of

C. in front of

D. front of
3. Is your TV _____?
A. as large as mine C. as large as me
B. so large as me D. so large as mine
4. I've never seen _____.
A. such a tall man C. such tall man
B. so tall man D. as tall man
5. Please carry this box _____ the next room.
A. inside B. at C. in D. into
6. My mother didn't buy _____ food at that store.
A. one B. some C. a D. any
7. Would you go with us if you _____ the money?
A. will have C. would have
B. have D. had
8. Please excuse me ___.
A. for being late B. to being late C. to be late D. that I am late
9. His exam results are ___ last year’s.
A. worst from B. worst than C. worse than D. worse from
10. Tell me, when will you ___ Greece?
A. visiting B. visited C. to visit D. be visiting
11. If he works hard he will have a very ___ result.
A. successful B. success C. successfully D. succeeds
12. We ___ to do so we left the office early.
A. hadn’t nothing C. didn’t have anything
B. didn’t have nothing D. haven’t anything
13. ___ - is full tonight.
66
 A. Some moon C. The moon
B. Moon D. A moon
14. I ___ lunch when he arrived.
A. was having B. am having C. have had D. have
15. Did you ask Tom what time ____?
A. is he arriving B. he is arriving C. will he arrive D. does he arrive

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
All the different plants and animals in a natural community are in the state of balance. This balance is
achieved by the plants and animals interacting with each other and with their non-living surroundings. An
example of a natural community is woodland, and a woodland is usually dominated by a particular species
of plants, such as the oak tree in an oak wood. The oak tree in this example is therefore called the dominant
species but there are also many other types of plants, from brambles, bushes and algae growing on tree
trunks and rocks.
Questions:
1. How is the balance in a natural community achieved?
A. By the plants and animals interacting with each other
B. By the living creatures interacting with their non-living surroundings
C. By the living creatures interacting with each other and with the non-living ones
D. The balance is a natural phenomenon
2. What is an example of natural community?
A. A woodland
B. A particular species of plants
C. The oak tree in an oak wood
D. All of the above
3. What is a woodland usually dominated by?
A. A particular species of plants
B. The oak tree in an oak wood
C. The dominant species
D. A & C are correct
4. What is a dominant species?
A. The oak tree in an oak wood
B. A particular species of plants which grows dominantly over an area
C. Brambles, bushes and algae
D. Tree trunks and rocks
5. What else are there in a natural community?
A. Many other types of plants C. Less dominant species
B. Brambles, bushes and algae D. All of the above

PASSAGE 2

67
 To prevent fire, every city has its firefighters, firehouses, engines, and trucks. A fire can be
controlled or extinguished easily if it is discovered in time. Supposed you were the first to see a fire
starting. How would you inform the firehouses quickly? One way would be to telephone. You should tell
the operator where the fire is. The operator would telephone the firehouse.
A quicker of contacting the fire department would be to a fire alarm box. Such boxes are always
painted. If you live in a city, do you know just where to find the one nearest your home? It is easy to use a
fire alarm box. When help is needed, first open the box. Inside you will see a handle down, and let go. Then
stay at the box until the firefighters come.

Questions
1. What should people do when a fire happens?
A. Call the police
B. Telephone firehouses quickly
C. Call the operator and tell the location of the fire
D. Call an ambulance
2. Where is a fire alarm box usually placed?
A. Nearest to your house
B. Everywhere
C. Somewhere near where you live
D. In a city
3. When do people usually open the fire alarm box?
A. When they need to call the police
B. When they need help
C. When their own house catches fire
D. When they need water to fight against fire
4. What is there inside a fire alarm boxes?
A. Water
B. A telephone
C. A handle down
D. Red paint
5. It is inferred from the passage that:
A. It’s difficult to control a fire
B. A fire will not happen it is discovered in time
C. A fire cannot be controlled if not discovered in time
D. We can put out a fire easily if we discover it in time
PASSAGE 3
When I opened the first ‘Body Shop’ many years ago my only object was to earn enough to feed my
children. Today ‘The Body Shop’ is an international company rapidly growing all around the world. I have
learned a lot in the years since we began. That’s why I am writing this book, for I believe that as a
company, we have something to say about how to run a business without giving up what we really believe
in.
It’s not a normal business book, nor is it just about my life. The message is that to succeed in
business you have to be different. Business can be fun, a business can be run with love and it can do well.
In business, as in life, I expect to enjoy myself, to have a feeling of family to feel excited by the
unexpected.

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 Now this book sends these ideas of mine into the world, makes them public. I’d like to think there
are no limits to our ‘family’, no limits to what can be done. I find that an exciting thought. I hope you do,
too.

Questions:
1. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this text?
A. To tell the reader her life story.
B. To introduce her ideas to the reader.
C. To explain how international companies operate.
D. To tell the reader how she brought up a company.
2. What should somebody learn from this text?
A. How to make a lot of money.
B. How to write a book about business.
C. What the writer’s family is like.
D. What the writer’s book is about.
3. What is ‘The Body Shop’?
A. The writer’s company
B. A local sport shop
C. A book on the writer’s life
D. A book on the writer’s company
4. What is the main message of the book mentioned in the text?
A. You should be funny when doing business
B. You have to expect and accept the unexpected.
C. A successful business can made positive differences
D. Sometimes we have to sacrifice our beliefs for the success of our business
5. What may the writer mean in the last paragraph?
A. There is no real limit to the size of a family
B. The concept of ‘family-owned business’ is now popular
C. How to treat our business as our family depends on different people
D. The writer’s book is a great success.
PASSAGE 4
A gold rush is the rapid relocation of large numbers of people to an area where gold has been discovered.
Gold rushes capture the imagination and participation of many people because of the magical lure of gold
and the potential for overnight affluence. The greatest gold rush in United States history was the California
Gold Rush in 1849.
The rush first began in 1848 when a carpenter named James Marshall discovered gold on the property of
John A. Sutter in the Sacramento Valley. Hired to build a sawmill on the banks of the American River.
Marshall had hardly begun work when he started finding nugget after nugget of gold. News of the
discovery at Sutter’s mill spread quickly, and soon thousands of persons were laying claims in the area.
These people, called “forty-niners”, rushed in from all over the world.
In just two years, the population of California increased from about 26,000 to 380,000.Consequently,
California was officially admitted to the union as state in September of 1850. The free-spending style of the
successful miners helped to turn communities such as Sacramento and San Francisco into prosperous
towns. Those who were not so lucky became farmers and ranchers in the Central Valley of California.

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1. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Famous Gold Rush C. The Lure of Gold
B. The Forty-Niners D. The California Gold Rush of 1849
2. According to the passage, people joined gold rushes because:
A. they were guaranteed over- night wealth.
B. gold held a magical power for everyone.
C. they believed they had a chance of becoming affluent.
D. they had very active imaginations.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that the California gold rush
A. provided most “forty-niners” with long term mining work.
B. attracted people from every country in the world.
C. spread throughout the central Valley.
D. greatly speeded up the development of California.
4 According to the passage, where was gold first discovered?
A. at Sutter’s mill.
B. on James Marshall’s property near Sacramento.
C. in the streambed of the American River.
D. in the Central Valley of California.
5. According to the passage, what qualified California to be admitted to union?
A. The status of statehood
B. The great increase in population
C. The political efforts of successful miners
D. The prosperity of California communities

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

Easter Island is a small triangle of rock situated in the Pacific Ocean. It’s about 2,000 miles __1__ the
nearest city. Easter Island is __2__ for its statues. Hundreds of these huge, stone faces can be __3__ all
over the island. Who made them? How __4__ they move these giant pieces of rock? What happened
__5__ the people who lived there? Studies show that people __6__ arrived on the island about 1600 years
ago. They had a very advanced culture. They made many objects and they had their ___7___ written
language. However, the number of people on the island grew and grew ___8__ it reached about 10,000
people. Soon there were too many people and there wasn’t __9__food to eat. A terrible war started and
many of the statues were broken. When western explorers___10___ the island on Easter Day in 1722, the
huge rock statues were the only sign that a great society had once lived there.

1. A. for B. from C. on D. by
2. A. important B. interesting C. famous D. fascinating
3. A. looked B. located C. found D. situated
4. A. have B. were C. had D. did
5. A. to B. with C. about D. for
6. A. once B. first C. just D. already
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7. A. only B. own C. clever D. self
8. A. so B. until C. although D. because
9. A. many B. few C. lot D. enough
10. A. invented B. discovered C. sailed D. came

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

1. Have you got a cheaper carpet than this?

Is this the cheapest carpet you’ve got?
2. How long is it since they visited you?
When did they last visit you?
3. It is ages since Alan visited his parents.
Alan last visited his parents a long time ago.
4. The door was so heavy that the child couldn’t push it open.
The door was too heavy for the child to push open.
5. You should take more exercise, Mr. Roberts,’ the doctor said, ‘if you want to lose weight.’
The doctor advised me to take more exercise if I wanted to lose weight.
6. You might fall if you’re not careful.
Be careful because you might fall.
7. Daniel thinks that speaking Italian is easier than writing it.
According to Daniel, speaking Italian is easier than writing it.
8. I only made that terrible mistake because I wasn’t thinking.
If I had been thinking, I wouldn’t have made that terrible mistake.
9. I think the whole idea’s ridiculous,’ he said.
He dismissed the whole idea as ridiculous.
10. Peter said he wasn’t feeling well.
Peter said, “I am not feeling well now.”

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.
An MBA degree is necessary for you future job. How important is it?

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PRACTICE TEST 6
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. By the time you get to San Francisco tomorrow, I ___ for South- East Asia.
A. shall have left C. am leaving
B. will leave D. have already left
2. In order to proceed, we must agree ___ a plan of action.
A. with C. at
B. on D. in
3. We had a _____ good time.
A. real C. most
B. really D. badly
4. ‘He had a terrible car accident but fortunately he wasn’t hurt much.’
‘Yes he ____ have been killed.’
A. could B. ought C. must D. had to
5. My friends had a good time in the United States. I wish I ____ with them.
A. went B. had gone C. have gone D. have been
6. I’d like to leave soon ___ I can catch the last bus home.
A. so that B. for C. therefore D. that
7. My wife and I ___ smoke, but we don't anymore.
A. used to C. use to do
B. are used to D. used to do
8. California relies heavily on income from fruit crops, and ____
A. Florida also C. Florida is as well
B. Florida too D. so does Florida
9. Most American families ___ at least one automobile.
A. have B. in C. that D. has
10. Although tornadoes are most common in the central U.S., they sometimes occur ___ New England.
A. east as far C. as far east as
B. to the east D. farthest east
11. One ___ ready to learn something new.
A. should always be C. always be should
B. being always should D. always should being
12. Because the first pair of pants did not fit properly, he asked for ___
A. another pants C. the others ones
B. others pants D. another pair
13. When the archeologists discovered the ruins of the Olympic Stadium, interest in the Games ____.
A. was renewed B. were renewed C. they were renewed D. renewed
14. The ancient Olympic Games ___ as amateur contests, but in time became professional.
A. begun B. began C. beginning D. they began
15. I have always enjoyed ___ of book.
A. the kind B. this kinds C. these kind D. this kind

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PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
Toys are becoming more and more complex, not to mention more and more expensive. The reason
for this is the belief that if a toy does not include some state-of-the-art gadgetry,it may end up collecting
dust on toy and department store shelves. Toy manufacturers, as well as parents, believe that today’s child
is a sophisticated child that will not be satisfied with wooden blocks, small cars, simple dolls or balls. A
toy, as it is believed, must have mechanized moving parts and preferably be moved by a remote control
device.
This belief, however, has been disproved by research findings accumulated by a team of child
psychologists working with pre-schoolers at the Child Development Centers of Toronto. In a series of
experiments, children were placed in a room with a large number of toys. The toys included the battery-
operated variety with their electronic sounds, flashing lights and moving parts, but there were also wooden
and plastic building blocks, cars and trucks of various shapes and sizes…The majority of young children,
after spending some time with the advanced toys, ended up playing with the latter “less sophisticated” toys;
and some children even completely ignored the more technologically advanced ones.

Questions:
1. According to the passage, toy manufacturers believe that…
A. Parents want their children to play with simple toys.
B. Children will not enjoy playing with wooden blocks.
C. Only sophisticated children play with complex toys.
D. Parents want their children to play with technologically advanced toys.
2. When a child is sophisticated it means that the child…
A. Is very developed mentally.
B. Feels very dissatisfied.
C. Likes playing with toys.
D. Is very happy.
3. The passage shows that toy manufacturers …
A. knew what children liked to play with.
B. did not really know what children liked to play with.
C. preferred making less complex toys.
D. had their own research centers.
4. Who did that research?
A. Pre-schoolers at the Child Development Centers of Toronto
B. A group of child psychologists
C. Toy manufacturers and parents
D. Psychologists and pre-schoolers
5. What did the research prove?
A. Some children prefer modern toys to traditional ones.
B. Children completely ignored the more technologically advanced toys.
C. Less sophisticated toys still attract all children.
D. Only young children like less sophisticated toys.

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PASSAGE 2
American foods began to affect the rest of the world. American emphasis on convenient and rapid
consumption is best represented in fast foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks. By the
1960s and 1970s fast foods became one of American strongest exports as franchises for McDonald’s and
Burger King spread through Europe and other parts of the world, including Russia and China. Traditional
meals cooked at home and consumed at a leisurely pace gave way to quick lunches and dinners eaten on the
run as other countries imitated American cultural patterns.
By the late 20th century Americans had become more conscious of their diets, eating more poultry, fish and
vegetables, and fewer eggs and less beef. Cooks began to rediscover many world cuisines in forms closer to
their original. In California, chefs combined fresh fruits and vegetables available with ingredients and
spices borrowed from immigrant kitchens to create an innovative cooking style that was lighter than
traditional French, but more interesting and varied than typical American cuisine. Along with the states
wines, California cuisine took its place among the acknowledged forms of fine dining.
1. Fast foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks ………
A. are traditional meals of the US people.
B. are popular because of their nutritious values.
C. became more popular than meals cooked at home in China.
D. became popular with other European and Asian countries.
2. Which of the following is similar in meaning to the word cuisine?
A. cooking B. style of cooking C. cookery D. cook
3. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A. American cuisine used to have an influence on many countries.
B. Fast foods became one of American strongest exports.
C. McDonald’s and Burger King are American food suppliers successful in Europe.
D. Traditional meals cooked at home and consumed at a leisurely pace are not common in the US.
4. Which of the following statements is true?
A. By the late 20th century, fast foods had lost their popularity in the USA.
B. Americans used to eat more poultry, fish, and fresh fruits and vegetables than they do now.
C. Cooking styles of other countries began to affect Americas by the late 20th century.
D. Fewer eggs and less beef in American diet made them fitter.
5. An innovative style of cooking was created in California ………..
A. to attract more immigrants to the state.
B. and made the states wines well-known.
C. by borrowing recipes from immigrant kitchens.
D. by combining the local specialities with immigrants spices.
PASSAGE 3
In 1274, Italian explorers Marco and Niccolo Polo set out on a 24 year journey in which they traveled
the famous Silk Road from Italy, through brutal deserts and towering mountains to eastern China. They
traveled over 4,000 miles in all. Marco and Niccolo were among the very first Europeans to explore the
fabled empire of China. In China, Marco Polo even worked for ruler Kublai Khan. Polo detailed his
experiences and findings in China by writing a book. Polo described materials and inventions never before
seen in Europe. Paper money, a printing press, porcelain, gunpowder and coal were among the products he
wrote about. He also described the vast wealth of Kublai Khan, as well as the geography of northern and
southern China. European rulers were very interested in the products Polo described. However, trading for

74
them along the Silk Road was dangerous, expensive and impractical. European rulers began to wonder if
there was a sea route to the east to get the products they wanted at a reasonable price.

Questions:
1. Marco Polo came to China from what country?
A. Italy
B. England
C. China
D. Europe
2. While traveling in China, Marco Polo observed many new discoveries. Which of the following is
not one of the discoveries?
A. paper money
B. coal
C. gunpowder
D. cigarettes
3. What happened last?
A. Marco Polo wrote a book on his experience
B. Marco Polo explored the empire of China
C. Marco Polo worked for Kublai Khan
D. European rulers wanted to come to China by sea
4. What made Marco Polo decide to go to China?
A. He wanted to join Niccolo Polo
B. He was interested in the fabled empire of China
C. He had to write a book on China
D. It is not mentioned in the passage
5. Because of the difficulties in traveling the Silk Road, European rulers began to doubt about:
A. The actual sea route to the east.
B. The possibility of buying the products they needed
C. Whether they could buy things at low prices.
D. None of the above
PASSAGE 4
Alexander Graham Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on March 3, 1847. When he was only
eleven years old, he invented a machine that could clean wheat. Graham studied anatomy and physiology at
the University of London, but moved with his family to Quebec, Canada in 1870.
Bell soon moved to Boston, Massachusetts. In 1871, he began working with deaf people and
published the system of Visible Hearing that was developed by his father. Visible Hearing illustrated how
the tongue, lips, and throat are used to produce vocal sounds. In 1872, Bell founded a school for the deaf
which soon became part of Boston University.
Alexander Graham Bell is best known for his invention of the telephone. While trying to discover
the secret of transmitting multiple messages on a single wire, Bell heard the sound of a plucked string along
some of the electrical wire. One of Bell's assistants, Thomas A. Watson, was trying to reactivate a
telephone transmitter. After hearing the sound, Bell believed he could send the sound of a human voice
over the wire. After receiving a patent on March 7, 1876 for transmitting sound along a single wire, he
successfully transmitted human speech on March 10th. Bell's telephone patent was one of the most valuable
patents ever issued. He started the Bell Telephone Company in 1877.

75
 Bell went on to invent a precursor to the modern day air conditioner, and a device called a
"photophone" that enabled sound to be transmitted on a beam of light and which today's fiber optic and
laser communication systems are based. In 1898, Alexander Graham Bell and his son-in law took over the
National Georgraphic Society and built it into one of the most recognized magazines in the world. Bell also
helped found Science Magazine, one of the most respected research journals in the world.
Alexander Graham Bell died August 2, 1922. On the day of his burial, in honor of Bell, all
telephone services in the United States were stopped for one minute.

Questions
1. Where was Alexander Graham Bell born?
A. England B. Quebec C. Scotland D. Boston
2. What did Alexander Graham Bell do in 1872?
A. Invent a machine for cleaning wheat
B. Start a school of deaf people
C. Invent the telephone
D. Study at the University of London
3. What happened FIRST?
A. Bell invented the telephone
B. Bell moved to Canada
C. Bell published the Visible Hearing system
D. Bell moved to Massachusetts
4. What was Thomas A. Watson doing when Alexander Graham Bell heard the sound of a plucked
string over electric wire?
A. Transmitting multiple message over a single wire
B. Transmitting the human voice over the single wire
C. Starting the Bell Telephone Company
D. Reactivating a telephone transmitter
5. Which of the following was Alexander Graham Bell NOT involved with?
A. National Geographic Magazine
B. Science Magazine
C. Photophone
D. Teaching blind people

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

SAMUEL PEPYS

The most famous diary in English was written by Samuel Pepys. It gives a detailed and interesting __1__ of
everyday life in England __2__ 1660 and 1669. Pepys writes about important news stories of the time, like
disease, an enemy navy __3__ up the River Thames and the great Fire of London.
He also writes about himself, even about his __4__ - he often slept during church or __5__ at the pretty
girls. He describes his home life- a __6__ with his wife and how they became friends again, his worry
about her illness. As well as books, he liked music, the theatre, card __7__, and parties with good food and

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__8__ of fun. Pepys was a busy man who had many important __9__- he was a Member of Parliament and
President of the Royal Society. He is also __10__ for his work for the British Navy.

1. A. description B. letter C. notice D. story

2. A. between B. from C. through D. to
3. A. driving B. flying C. running D. sailing
4. A. accidents B. plans C. dreams D. faults
5. A. looked B. prayed C. talked D. thought
6. A. conversation B. discussion C. quarrel D. talk
7. A. battles B. games C. matches D. plays
8. A. amount B. plenty C. much D. some
9. A. acts B. hobbies C. jobs D. studies
10. A. reviewed B. remembered C. reminded D. reported

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

1. ‘Keep away from this area,’ said the security guard, when we approached the fence.
The security guard told us to keep away from that area when we approached the fence.
2. He started to teach French at the university ten years ago.
He has been teaching French at the university ten years ago.
3. I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home.
I’d rather go out for a meal than stay at home.
4. No one has signed this cheque.
This cheque needs signing.
5. The guard told me to present some form of identification.
I was told to present some form of identification.
6. The judge had never seen a prettier flower display.
It was the first time the judge had seen such a pretty flower display.
7. ‘Will I ever find a job?’ Tim said to himself.
Tim wondered whether/if he would ever find a job.
8. Because of the rough sea, the ferry couldn’t sail.
The rough sea prevented the ferry from sailing.
9. How long is it since they bought the house?
When did they buy the house?
10. It’s Alice’s job to look after the new staff.
Alice is responsible for looking after the new staff.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.

77
Television is for entertainment, not for education. What is your opinion?

PRACTICE TEST 7
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.

1. Of Mexico City and Montreal, the former is ___.

A. larger B. more C. largest D. most
2. ____ his youth, Professor Hanagan was a boy scout.
A. While B. During C. When D. That
3. Skiing is a popular American sport, ___ quite expensive.
A. however it is C. despite its
B. even though it is D. it is
4. ___ day were just a little bit longer, I would have time to finish my work.
A. Each B. Since each C. If each D. Were each
5. Maple syrup ___ is light in color and free of impurities is the most expensive kind.
A. and B. which C. it D. about which
6. At the bus stop ____ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.
A. were C. is
B. was D. sits and waits
7. Do we have _____ money to last us the week?
A. a lot of C. plenty of
B. plentiful D. enough
8. We have much to _____ today, so please concentrate.
A. discuss C. discuss over
B. discuss about D. discuss with
9. The sun _____ at 7 o'clock yesterday evening.
A. set B. sets C. has set D. had set
10. I _____ finish my work before lunch yesterday, so I went shopping.
A. able to B. was able to C. managed D. could have
11. _____ would you most like to have?
A. These of which C. Any of these
B. What of these D. Which of these
12. "You are welcome to order the goods now." "But payment should be made _____."
A. for advance C. in advance
B. advancing D. to advance
13. "Where do you live now?" "I live in Utah; my _____."
A. parents too do C. parents do, too
B. parents do D. parents also do
14. In most cases, the current balance available in a checking or savings account ___.
A. can be verified by telephone
B. on the telephone can verify
C. in verification by telephone
D. being verified by telephone
15. William is a hardworking person; ____.
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 A. while he likes to have a good time
B. nevertheless, he likes to have a good time
C. that he also likes to have a good time
D. but also likes to have a good time

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
A man who had just lost his job as a sewing machine operator - together with 400 fellow workers - may
think that the economic situation of the country is very bad. The truth may be that the country has stopped
exporting fashions and is now producing and selling heavy machinery in the world market and that, in fact,
there are many opportunities for work in heavy industry. In the same way, a man who wants to buy a
refrigerator sees many of the latest imported models in the store. He may think that the economy situation
of the country is so good that it allows such a big choice in refrigerators. In fact, the increase in imports
may be responsible for a large national debt that is a threat to the economy.

Questions:

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The economic situation of a country depends on job opportunities.
B. The economic situation of a country depends on the amount of national debts.
C. Judgments about national economy based on individual experiences may not reflect the real
economic situation.
D. A change in exports and an increase in imports may threaten the national economy.
2. According to the passage, what is the real threat to the national economy?
A. A large national debt
B. The bad economic situation of the country
C. Its unemployment situation
D. Many latest imported models in the store
3. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. It is imports that causes economic problems
B. Importing so many new imported models may cause financial problems to the economy of a
country.
C. Unemployment is not so harmful as too much imports
D. More exports may bring in more job opportunities to local workers
4. Does the stop in fashion exportation mean negatively to the whole population?
A. Yes, it does
B. No, it doesn’t. It affects only the people concerned.
C. Yes, if the country doesn’t find out any other export transactions
D. It depends
5. What may happen as a result of a variety of certain imported goods available in the market of a
country?
A. The country is likely get into debt
B. The economy of that country will improve
79
 C. There will be many opportunities for work in heavy industry
D. The domestic production will die

PASSAGE 2
Students at the age of 18 always have to face difficult decision to make: some want to go on with their
study at college or university; others prefer to start work immediately. Many school leavers are eager to go
to work in order to make money to live independently and help their parents. They always do their best to
overcome any obstacles they may encounter. Unfortunately, owing to the poor and old guidance from their
parents and teachers, most boys and girls are ill- prepared for unemployment. Therefore, they often feel
worried and build up all sort of fearsome prospects in their mind as the time to start work gets nearer. It is
the duty of the school and family to prepare these young people for their future jobs.

1. The main idea of the passage is _____________.

A. learning at university
B. making an important decision at 18
C. starting to work after leaving school
D. getting to know about new job.
2. Why do some young people want to find a job after they leave school?
A. They are badly in need of money
B. They want to get rid of schooling
C. Their parents do not help them
D. They want to lead an independent life
3. What attitude do young people have when they are faced with difficulty?
A. They just let things go
B. They make good efforts.
C. They complain about their parents and teachers.
D. They feel worried.
4. The word “Unfortunately” is nearest in meaning to.
A. suddenly B. unluckily C. luckily D. surprisingly
5. Which of the following is not true for young people who start work?
A. difficulty B. anxiety C. fear D. encouragement
PASSAGE 3
There is no way to measure the value of reading, but we know that books educate and bring great pleasure
to people. Many book lovers even join discussion groups so that they can talk about the books they read.
Although books are made into movies, the book version is much better. Books are available to everyone at
no cost. Public libraries are an American tradition and every library has a large collection of books on every
subject. Reading can prepare you for an examination at school, or, if you are writing a report, you can
gather facts from a recent edition of an encyclopedia. At your job, reading can help you get a promotion to
higher position.
If you like mysteries, you can read about the search for a stolen treasure or a spy on a secret mission. If
you like science fiction, you can read about a spacecraft trying to avoid a collision with a meteor or a
dangerous experiment that could end in an explosion that would destroy the earth. If you long to travel but
cannot afford to do it, reading allow you to travel without restriction in your imagination.

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1. The passage is about _____________.
A. libraries B. readers C. book lovers D. reading and knowledge
2. According to the writer _____________.
A. we can measure the value of reading
B. reading offers us no pleasure
C. most of the book lovers do not like discussing books.
D. some books are made into the movies
3. Many books joined discussion group _____________.
A. to educate other people
B. to bring pleasure to other people
C. to talk about the book they read
D. to get a promotion
4. Which sentence is not true?
A. If you like mysteries, you can’t find any books about them.
B. There are several books on science fiction.
C. A library has a large collection of books on every subject.
D. There are many public libraries in America.
5. Reading _____________.
A. can allow you to travel by plane
B. can help readers widen their knowledge, get promotion, and entertain themselves
C. is a dangerous experiment
D. can’t help readers avoid a collision with a meteor.
PASSAGE 4
A hobby can be almost what a person likes to do in his/her free time. Hobbyists raise pets, watch birds or
hunt animals. They also climb the mountains, go fishing, go skating, or go swimming. They also paint
pictures, attend concerts and play musical instruments. They collect everything from books to butterflies
and from shells to stamps.
People have hobbies because these activities bring enjoyment, friendship, knowledge and relaxation.
Sometimes, they can bring financial profits. Hobbies also bring interesting activities for people who have
retired. People, rich or poor, old or young, sick or well, can follow a satisfying hobby regardless of their
age, position, or income.
Hobbies can help a person’s mental and physical health. Doctors have found that hobbies are available in
helping patients suffer from physical or mental illness. Hobbies give these patients activities to do, and
provide interests that prevent them from thinking about themselves.

1. According to the passage, a hobby is what a person likes to do when_____.

A. he/she has free time
B. he/she is at work
C. he/she is at home
D. he/she is busy
2. The word “income” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. salary B. job C. loan D. career
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an advantage of having hobbies?
A. enjoyments B. relaxation C. knowledge D. surprises
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4. In which paragraph does the writer mention different activities taken by hobbyist?
A. paragraph 1 B. paragraph 2 C. paragraph 3 D. paragraph 4
5. According to doctors, hobbies are helpful to__________.
A. patients’ physical health
B. patients’ mental health
C. patients’ material life
D. patients’ physical and mental health

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

Anyone who has gone on a skiing holiday at a ski (1) _____ of any size will be familiar with the old-
aged problem-the eternal wait for ski lifts and cable cars. Well, there is an alternative. If you feel like
something just a (2)_____ different why not try heli-skiing in Canada? Somewhere in the snowy
(3)______ of the Rocky Mountains the helicopter will deposit you and your group onto a slope of virgin
snow that you have all to yourselves. It is all a (4)_____ cry from the busiest slopes of, say, Switzerland,
France, and Italy. You are fifty miles from the nearest town and there is nothing remotely (5)_____ a ski
lift, so you have to (6)______ on legs, skis and the chopper. You might see the (7)_____ Mountain-goat or
grizzly bear, but there won't be (8)_____ of other skiers. There are one or two disadvantages. Your friendly
helicopter pilot might just put you down in a five-metre snow (9)_____ . And freezing weather might
ground your helicopter and leave you (10)____ in the wilderness.

1. A. spot B. haunt C. refuge D. resort

2. A. little B. few C. big D. lot
3. A. cover B. county C. wastes D. refuge
4. A. different B. strange C. far D. long
5. A. resembling B. appearing C. seeming D. looking
6. A. count B. trust C. rely D. reckon
7. A. occasional B. sometime C. incidental D. irregular
8. A. bunches B. hordes C. throngs D. swarms
9. A. dune B. pile C. mound D. drift
10. A. deserted B. stranded C. marooned D. aground

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

1. How long have they been married?

When did they get married?
2. I started work for the company a year ago.
I’ve been working for the company for a year.
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 3. On arrival at the shop, the goods are inspected carefully.
When the goods arrive at the shop, they are inspected carefully.
4. Samuel started keeping a diary five years ago.
Samuel has been keeping a diary for five years.
5. They travelled across India, and then flew on to Japan.
After they had travelled across India, they flew on to Japan.
6. This furniture is so old that it’s not worth keeping.
This is such old furniture that it’s not worth keeping.
7. Can you remember where you put the camera, Philip?” said Sarah.
Sarah asked Philip whether he could remember the place he put the camera.
8. “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs. Rogers to her son.
Mrs. Rogers told her son not to bite his nails.
9. Joan eats very little so as not to put on weight.
Joan eats very little because she doesn’t want to put on weight.
10. Our French exam was much easier than our German one.
Our French exam was not as difficult as our German one.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.
Children watch too much television nowadays, and this is bad for their education and development. Do
you agree? Why or why not?

PRACTICE TEST 8
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. ___ up to seven months.
A. Lasting New England winters
B. New England winters can last
C. Because a New England winter can last
D. The length of a New England winter
2. ___ have a powerful influence on the shape of the entire magazine industry.
A. That economic principles C. Economic principles
B. Why economic principles D. Economic principles that

3. The Virginia strawberry, native to eastern North America, was used in pre-colonial times ____.
A. to flavor bread
B. bread flavoring
C. flavored bread
D. bread was flavored

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4. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, corn has developed into a larger American
cash crop _____.
A. than wheat has
B. more than wheat
C. like that of wheat
D. over that of wheat
5. After the funeral, the residents of the apartment building ___.
A. sent faithfully flowers all weeks to the cemetery
B. sent to the cemetery each week flowers faithfully
C. sent flowers faithfully to the cemetery each week
D. sent each week faithfully to the cemetery flowers
6. Due primarily to ___, the Onedia Community broke up in 1880.
A. internal stresses
B. there were internal stresses
C. internal stresses of it
D. it had internal stresses
7. Of the two new teachers, one is experienced and ____.
A. the others are not
B. another is inexperienced
C. the other is not
D. other lacks experience
8. There were two small rooms in the beach house, ____ served as a kitchen.
A. the smaller of which
B. the smaller of them
C. the smallest of which
D. smallest of that
9. Studs Turkel has used what he learned ____ to produce taped oral histories of people and events.
A. when was he radio talk show host
B. he was a radio talk show host when
C. when he was a radio talk show host
D. a radio talk show host when he was
10. Lionel Hampton, ___ was born on April 12, 1913.
A. for whom an orchestra leader and vibraphone improviser
B. was an orchestra leader and vibraphone improviser
C. an orchestra leader and vibraphone improviser who
D. orchestra leader and vibraphone improviser
11. Meteorologists, ___ have long sought ways of controlling local and regional climates.
A. whose study of the weather and its patterns
B. they study the weather and its patterns
C. their study of the weather and it patterns
D. who study the weather and its patterns
12. ___ is probably linoleum tile.
A. Flooring the most durable accepted material
B. Flooring the most durable material accepted
C. The most durable accepted flooring material
D. Accepted the most durable flooring material
13. The committee has met and ___.
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 A. they have reached a decision
B. it has formulated themselves some opinions
C. its decision was reached at
D. it has reached a decision
14. Having been served lunch, _____.
A. the problem was discussed by the members of the committee
B. the committee members discussed the problem
C. it was discussed by the committee members the problem
D. a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee
15. Florida has not yet ratified the Equal Rights Amendment, and _____.
A. several other states hasn't either
B. neither has some of the others states
C. some other states also have not either
D. neither have several other states

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one word or phrase that best answers the questions.

PASSAGE 1
On September 19, 1985, an earthquake struck Mexico City at 7:18 a.m. Thousands and thousands of people
were on their way to work. The earthquake lasted only four minutes, but it completely destroyed more than
250 buildings and partially destroyed thousands of others. People died under tons of rubble. There were
screams and cries throughout Mexico City for days. The next day, another earthquake hit the city. Worst of
all, the second quake injured and killed even more people. Two weeks after the earthquakes, workers were
still looking for people under the rubble. At that time more than 7,000 people were dead. Several thousand
more were still missing. It will take a long time for Mexicans to forget that tragedy. Many people never
will.

1. How long did the earthquake on September 19, 1985 last?

A. one minute B. two minutes C. three minutes D. four minutes
2. What did it destroy?
A. completely more than 250 buildings
B. many factories
C. partially thousands of buildings
D. both a and c
3. Why was the second earthquake more terrible than the first one?
A. more people died, injured
B. less people died, injured
C. less buildings were destroyed
D. both a and c
4. Most people died because___.
A. they were afraid of earthquake
B. the falling of the buildings
C. they were working
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D. they were at home
5. The main idea of the reading is___.
A. the earthquake killed thousands of people
B. damages that the 1985 earthquakes have brought to Mexicans
C. many people will never forget the tragedy
D. the number of buildings destroyed by earthquakes

PASSAGE 2
Some hundred years ago, there was no equality between men and women because people then considered
women to be the weaker sex. This prejudice against women had its origin in the dawn of mankind’s history
when men lived in caves and went hunting for food. The task of food gathering and hunting needed great
strength of body. Therefore the best place for women was not in the forest but at home where they could do
their job of feeding their children and looking after them. Things have changed much since men discovered
fire and invented tools. In the modern time, more brain is important, not more strength of the muscle. As a
consequence, women play an important role in the society. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal
and even superior to men in almost every field.

1. Years ago,___.
A. Women were equal to men in every respect
B. women were considered to be the weaker sex
C. human beings never lived in caves
D. men did not go hunting
2. In the former days, women___.
A. did not go hunting with men
B. stayed in the forest
C. did not have to do anything
D. were the stronger sex
3. In the dawn of mankind’s history, ___.
A. only men lived in caves
B. women looked after their children in the forests
C. only women had to gather food
D. people lived on hunting
4. Since fire was discovered and tools were invented___.
A. men have become the weaker sex
B. men have never gone hunting
C. everything has changed
D. women have no longer look after their children
5. In the modern time,___.
A. intelligence is not important
B. strength of muscle is more important than intelligence
C. men play no role
D. women play an important role

PASSAGE 3
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Polar bears live happily where almost no other animals can exist. They wander in a land too cold and lonely
for us. In summer, they fish in the rushing rivers and streams. Eating as much as they can, they steadily get
as fat as possible! Then they spend the winter totally without food. As spring begins the bears sleepily
awaken all over Alaska grunting angrily. They dig themselves out to rush off the smelling rivers. Winter
may treat them harshly but they play all summer long. Bears have no enemies except humans, however,
thoughtful people are never willing to disturb bears. Bears can attack more suddenly than other animals of
the North. The chances of meeting a bear are, luckily, very unlikely.

1. ___ are polar bears’ enemies

A. Fishes B. Humans C. Rivers D. Other animals
2. According to the writer, ___.
A. polar bears have many enemies
B. polar bears have no enemies
C. polar bears cannot live in too cold area
D. polar bears do not eat in winter
3. In summer, polar bears ___.
A. eat a lot B. sleep C. dig the melting rivers D. get no food
4. Polar bears ___ .
A. never attack people
B. can attack more suddenly
C. are too fat to attack anyone
D. are fat in autumn
5. People___.
A. can find a polar bears easily
B. never disturb polar bears
C. rarely meet polar bears
D. often meet polar bears

PASSAGE 4
Job trends for the future emphasize careers in sales and marketing. Most of the growth will come in
international sales, high technology, and electronic marketing. Research shows that overseas sales of high
tech equipment and technology will increase 20% in the next decade.

The Internet is the primary source for advertising and marketing to these overseas customers. At the same
time, however, successful marketers must find new avenues to increase consumer awareness of their
products. As some clients become inundated by information on the Internet, and as others are still just
learning to navigate the web, the marketers of the future will have to be inventive.

Most traditional sales skills, such as bilingualism and an agreeable character, are still useful. Willingness to
travel is also a plus.

1. What kinds of careers show promise for the future?

A. Research and development C. High technology
B. Sales and marketing D. Travel agent
2. Why are these careers increasing in importance?
A. Companies are trying to focus on profits.
B. They address a neglected market segment.
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C. High-tech sales are growing.
D. Most marketing will occur on the Internet
3. According to the article, how will new consumers most likely learn about products?
A. Door-to-door sales C. Inventive new methods
B. The Web D. International trade shows
4. The author believes that the successful marketer must be
A. bilingual B. overseas C. abreast of research D. creative
5. According to the article, why isn’t Internet advertising always effective?
A. Some users see too much of it; some see too little.
B. Many users have limited English skills.
C. Access to the Web may be limited.
D. Consumers are unaware of products advertised on the Internet.

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

Zoos
People began to keep animals in zoos __1__ 3,000 years ago, when the rules of China opened an enormous
zoo called the Gardens of Intelligence. In many of the early zoos, animals __2__ taught to perform for the
visitors. This no longer __3__ and it is accepted that the purpose of zoos is for people to see animals
behaving naturally.
Today, most cities have a zoo or wildlife park. However, not __4__ approves of zoos. People who think
that zoos are a good idea say they __5__ us with the opportunity to __6__ about the natural world and be
close to wild animals. Both of __7__ would not be possible __8__ zoos. On the other hand, some people
disapprove of zoos because they __9__ it is wrong to put animals in cages, and argue that in zoos which are
not __10__ properly, animals live in dirty conditions and eat unsuitable food.
1. A. above B. over C. more D. beyond
2. A. are B. have C. were D. had
3. A. appears B. becomes C. develops D. happens
4. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody
5. A. produce B. bring C. provide D. make
6. A. discover B. learn C. find D. realise
7. A. that B. what C. whose D. these
8. A. without B. instead C. except D. unless
9. A. hope B. expect C. imagine D. believe
10. A. ordered B. managed C. decided D. aimed

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

1. ‘You’d better not lend that man any more money, Elizabeth,’ said John.
John advised Elizabeth not to lend that man any more money.
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2. Carol finds it easy to make friends.
Carol has no difficulty in making friends.
3. He couldn’t repair the broken vase.
The broken vase couldn’t be repaired.
4. Someone is going to wash my car this afternoon.
I’m going to have my car washed this afternoon.
5. Please don’t smoke in the corridor.
I’d rather you didn’t smoke in the corridor.
6. This secretary is sorry that she couldn’t finish the letter.
The secretary wishes she had finished the letter.
7. A lot of people were there in spite of the rain.
Even though it was raining, a lot of people were there.
8. Helen wanted to know the name of Shirley’s hairdresser’s.
Helen said, ‘Shirley, where did you have your hair cut?”
9. Pat is the tallest girl in her class.
No one in the class is as tall as Pat.
10. Susan likes staying in hotels but she prefers camping.
Susan doesn’t prefer staying in hotels to camping.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.

Many parents complain that computer games have no value to their children’s studies. What do you
think?

PRACTICE TEST 9

SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)

PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence are
four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.
1. It is very difficult to stop the cultivation of marijuana because
A. it grows very carelessly
B. of its growth without attention
C. it grows well with little care
D. it doesn't care much to grow
2. The fact that space exploration has increased dramatically in the past thirty years _____.
A. is an evidence of us wanting to know more of our solar system
B. indicates that we are very eager to learn all we can about our solar system
C. how we want to learn more about the solar system
D. is pointing to evidence of our intention to know a lot more about what is called our
solar system
3. Many of the current international problems we are now facing _____.

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 A. linguistic incompetencies
B. are the result of misunderstandings
C. are because of not understanding themselves
D. lacks of the intelligent capabilities of understanding each other
4. Public television stations are different from commercial stations _____.
A. because they receive money differently and different types of shows
B. for money and program types
C. in the areas of funding and programming
D. because the former receives money and has programs differently from the latter
5. According to some records, Carl Sandburg, ___, was expelled from West Point Military Academy
because of deficiencies in English.
A. he was a poet and literary genius
B. his poetry and literary genius
C. poet and literary genius
D. whose poetry and literary genius
6. Manufacturers often sacrifice quality _____.
A. for a larger profit margin
B. in place of to earn more money
C. to gain more quantities of money
D. and instead earn a bigger amount of profit
7. Automobile production in the United States _____.
A. have taken slumps and rises in recent years
B. has been rather erratic recently
C. has been erratically lately
D. are going up and down all the time
8. A major problem in the construction of new buildings ____.
A. is that windows have been eliminated while air conditioning systems have not been
perfected
B. is they have eliminated windows and still don't have good air conditioning
C. is because windows are eliminated but air conditioners don't work good
D. is dependent on the fact that while they have eliminated windows, they are not capable
to produce efficient air conditioning systems
9. While attempting to reach his home before the storm, ____.
A. the bicycle of John broke down
B. it happened that John's bike broke down
C. the storm caught John
D. John had an accident on his bicycle
10. Small microcomputers of today can process ___ their predecessors, which were twenty times their
size.
A. in the same amount of information
B. and have the same amount of information
C. the information is the same as
D. the same amount of information as
11. We were fortunate enough to visit the Grand Canyon. It has _____.
A. beautiful scenery that is much C. many beautiful sceneries
B. many beautiful landscapes D. much beautiful scenery
12. The facilities of the older hospital _____.
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 A. is as good or better than the new hospital
B. are as good or better that the new hospital
C. are as good as or better than the new hospital
D. are as good as or better than those of the new hospital
13. The teacher suggested that her students ____experiences with ESP.
A. write a composition on their
B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her
D. had written any compositions for his
14. "How do I use this tool?" "Hold it _____."
A. on your right firmly hand
B. in your firmly right hand
C. firmly in your right hand
D. firmly on your right hand
15. It's really hard to believe _____.
A. he would say such a terrible thing
B. such a terrible thing he would say
C. to say he would such a terrible thing
D. would he say such a terrible thing

PASSAGE 1
For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were chimpanzees. Now, however,
there is proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes. Although a dolphin lives in the sea, it
is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a human being. Dolphins have simple language. They are
able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But this will not be
easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make.
If the man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the
dolphins can understand. Dolphins are also very friendly towards man. They often follow ships. There are
many stories of dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous water.

1. Which animals did people think may be cleverest?

A. chimpanzees B. dolphins C. monkeys D. rabbits
2. What other beings are dolphins like in many ways?
A. mammals B. chimpanzees C. fishes D. human beings
3. What have scientists discovered about dolphins?
A. they live in the sea
B. they are mammals
C. they can talk to the man
D. they have their own language.
4. Why is a third language necessary if the man wants to talk to dolphins?
A. dolphins cannot hear
B. dolphins cannot understand people’s language
C. dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make
D. dolphins want to talk to people
5. In what ways are dolphins friendly to man?
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A. they guide ships through difficult and dangerous water
B. they tell people stories
C. they catch ships
D. they can understand people

PASSAGE 2
Cats seem to be able to sense earthquakes. Josie, who lived in California, warned her family of a tremor in
1987. She woke her owners, Mr. and Mrs Miller at 5.50 a.m by jumping onto the bed and running around.
When the Millers followed her out of the house, Josie ran off. The earthquake was only a small one, but the
cat raised the alarm every time there was a tremor after that. In 1949 a Bill to stop cats from going out at
night was voted by Adlai Stevenson, the Governor of Illinois. The Bill required cat owners to keep their
pets indoors at night. Any cat found out on the streets was to be locked up by the police if they could catch
it first.

1. What do the cats seem to be able to do?

A. sense earthquakes
B. live in California
C. wake her owners
D. run off
2. Josie ___.
A. was able to warn her owners of an earthquake only one
B. was able to warn her owners of an earthquake several times
C. was able to predict only small earthquakes
D. was able to predict big earthquakes
3. What does the 1949 Bill require people to do?
A. keep their pets outdoor
B. keep their pets outdoor at night
C. keep their pets indoor all day
D. keep their pets indoor at night
4. The police were allowed ___.
A. to catch a cat if they found it on the streets
B. to kill a cat if they found it on the streets
C. to help a cat if they found it on the streets
D. to tell the owner about their cat if they found it on the streets
5. A possible title for this reading is _____________.
A. Josie, the Good Cat
B. Cat’s Ability to predict Earthquakes
C. Cats should be looked after
D. Interesting information about Earthquakes

PASSAGE 3
The Japanese have perhaps the strictest rules of social and business behaviour. Seniority is very important,
and a younger man should never be sent to complete a business deal with an older Japanese man. It is also
important to exchange business cards immediately on meeting because it is essential to establish everyone’s
position. When it is handed to a person in a superior position, it must be given and received with both
92
hands, and you must take time to read it carefully, and not just put it in your pocket. You should not expect
the Japanese to shake hands. Bowing the head is a mark of respect, and the first bow of the day should be
lower than when you meet thereafter.

1. What strict rules do the Japanese have?

A. rules of society
B. rules of social behaviour
C. rules of business
D. both B and C
2. When should you exchange business card with Japanese businessmen?
A. after meeting
B. before meeting
C. immediately on meeting
D. late on meeting
3. How should a business card be handed?
A. with both hands
B. with one hand
C. in a superior position with both hands
D. in a superior position with one hand
4. Japanese businessmen expect ___ people to do business deals with him.
A. younger B. much younger C. much older D. the same age or older
5. The Japanese greet each other by___.
A. shaking hands
B. saying something
C. bowing the head
D. smiling

PASSAGE 4
In 1920, after some 39 years of problems with diseases, high cost and politics, The Panama Canal was
officially opened, finally linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by allowing ships to pass through the
fifty-mile Canal Zone instead of travelling some seven thousands miles around Cape Horn. It takes a ship
approximately eight hours to complete the trip through the canal and costs an average of fifteen thousand
dollars, one tenth of what it would cost an average ship to round the Horn. More than fifteen thousand ships
pass through its locks each year.

1. Why was until 1920 the Panama Canal officially opened?

A. because of diseases
B. because of high cost
C. because of politics
D. All of the above are correct
2. How long is the Cape Horn?
A. five thousand miles
B. seven thousand miles
C. eight thousand miles
D. ten thousand miles
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3. How much would it cost a ship to travel round Cape Horn?
A. fifteen thousand dollars
B. one hundred and fifty thousand dollars
C. one thousand and five hundred dollars
D. five hundred dollar
4. How did the ships travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans before the Canal was built?
A. passing through the canal
B. travelling around Cape Horn
C. there was no way
D. all above suggestions are wrong
5. What is the passage about?
A. Cape Horn
B. the Atlantic
C. Pacific Oceans
D. The Panama Canal

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

In a recent survey conducted by Leisurama, 150 travel agents __1__ to solve certain holiday problems. As a
result, it __2__ that most travel agents frequently give inaccurate information and unsound advice. They
simply did not know __3__ about the places that they recommended.
When a tourist asked a travel agent __4__ a hotel on the Greek island of Corfu, the travel agent booked a
hotel on the island of Kos, 500 miles away. When they __5__ for advice about crossing the Adriatic Sea
from Italy to Corfu, several travel agents said it __6__ impossible to go by sea. Two others suggested
__7__ all the way round to the Greek mainland.
Many agents didn’t know whether visas _8__ for certain countries and some didn’t even know __9__ the
local money was called. Leisurama said that they often received better advice from students who were able
to use __10__ of the reference books and guides which were available.

1. A. were inviting B. invited C. inviting D. were invited

2. A. found B. was found C. finds D. was finding
3. A. enough B. too C. very D. so
4. A. recommending B. recommend C. to recommend D. recommended
5. A. were asked B. asked C. asking D. were asking
6. A. is being B. has been C. will be D. was
7. A. to drive B. drive C. for driving D. driving
8. A. requires B. are required C. were required D. required
9. A. what B. how C. whether D. where
10. A. an B. every C. any D. each

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.

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1. I’m sorry, Angela,’ said Martin, ‘I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car.’
Martin apologized to Angela for damaging her car.
2. The doctor should have signed my insurance form.
My insurance form should have been signed by the doctor.
3. Your identity card will be required at the window.
The tellers at the window will ask you to present your ID card.
4. I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,’ said Paul to Susan.
Paul apologized to Susan for giving her the wrong number.
5. This is the first time I have watched such an interesting film.
I have never watched such an interesting film before.
6. We ought to leave the party now if we are to catch the last train.
If we don’t leave the party now, we cannot catch the last train.
7. You remembered to post the letter, didn’t you?
You didn’t remember whether you post the letter or not.
8. Bring your swimming things in case it’s sunny.’
He told us to bring our swimming things in case it’s sunny.
9. Ronald denied stealing Mrs. Clark’s handbag.
Ronald said that he didn’t steal (hadn’t stolen) Mrs. Clark’s handbag.
10. Roses can’t possibly grow in such poor ground.
It is impossible for roses to grow in such poor ground.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a passage of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.

The unlimited use of motorbikes may cause many problems. What are those problems? What should be
done to solve these problems?

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 ĐỀ THI TUYỂN SINH CAO HỌC- 2013
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (15pts)

Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each
sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle the one word or phrase that
best completes the sentence.

1. The architects want all the hallways _____.

A. widen B. widened C. widening D. to widen
2. _____he says deserves recording.
A. What B. Who C. ThatD. Which
3. Everyone was disappointed to hear that the company’s proposal was ____.
A. turned on B. turned away
C. turned up D. turned down
4. He told us _____story. I couldn’t stop laughing.
A. an exaggerated B. a humiliating
C. a hilarious D. an attractive
5. Mr. Smith will be in ____ of arrangements for the end-of-term party.
A. management B. leadership C. charge D. direction
6. He likes his new job very much and ___.
A. works hardly B. hard works
C. hardly work D. works hard
7. “Whose cell phone is this?”- “It’s ____.”
A. the cell phone of my friend B. my friend’s
C. belong to a friend of mineD. one of my friends
8. We must leave the party at exactly 9:00; __, we’ll be late for work.
A. for else B. other C. else D. otherwise
9. The children listened ___ to the words of their grandfather.
A. respectably B. respectfully C. respectively D. respect
10. With some effort, Ms. Manson got her schedule ____.
A. to change B. changed C. change D. changing
11. Yesterday, I met a woman ____ grandfather was Swedish.
A. whose B. who C. who’s D. which
12. He never looks at the bad side of things. In fact, he is very ____.
A. realistic B. opportunistic
C. optimistic D. pessimistic
13. My mother didn’t buy ___ food at that store.
A. one B. some C. a D. any
14. ___ who look for trouble usually find it.
A. Anyone B. These C. Those D. That
15. I’ll have my secretary ___ for the package.
A. will sign B. sign C. signs D. to sign
PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION (20 questions)

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Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words and phrases marked A, B,
C and D. Circle the one word or phrase that best answers the question.

Passage 1 : Questions 16 - 20
Coca- Cola ® was invented in 1886 by Atlanta pharmacist John S. Pemberton. The name for the
product was actually proposed by Pemberton’s assistant, Frank Robinson. The name was taken from
the two most unusual ingredients in the drink, the South American coca leaf and the African cola nut.
The recipe for today’s Coca-Cola ® is very well guarded. Many of the ingredients are known; in
addition to coca leaves and cola nut, they include lemon, orange, lime, cinnamon, nutmeg, vanilla,
caramel, and sugar. The proportions of the ingredients and the identity of Coke’s secret ingredients
are known by only a few of the Coca-Cola ® Company’s senior corporate officers.
16. This passage would most likely be found in ___.
A. a novel B. a magazine
C. a history book D. a biography
17. The passage mainly discusses ____.
A. the success of the Coca-Cola© Company
B. The unusual ingredients in Coca-Cola©
C. John S. Pemberton
D. Coca-Cola©’s recipe and who developed it.
18. Which of the following is NOT true about the name Coca-Cola?
A. The name “coca” comes from the coca leaf.
B. The name “cola” comes from the cola nut.
C. Frank Robinson suggested the name.
D. The inventor came up with the name.
19. The passage states that the recipe for Coca-Cola© is ____.
A. well-known
B. unknown
C. known by only a limited number of people
D. Published information
20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an ingredient of Coca-Cola©?
A. orange leaves B. nut meg
C. citrus fruits D. sugar

Passage 2: Questions 21 - 25
My name is George Okapis and I am writing to express my views about the survey presented on
your radio station by Ms. Janet Smith. I share the opinion that television can have bad influence on
children’s and teenagers’ work at school and on their lives. I strongly believe that it can be quite
harmful for them. Children who watch a lot of TV devote little time to studying their subjects so
they receive poor grades at school. The worst students in my class are those who watch a lot of
television. It is also true that children who watch a lot of TV are generally negative about the
world because they cut themselves off from their peers and friends and they seldom participate in
sports or extra curricular activities. The result is anti-social children with low self-esteem who
experience the world through television and have little contact with the real world.
21. Who is George Okapis?
A. The reader of the letter.

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 B. The radio reporter.
C. The survey designer
D. The writer of the letter
22. It can be inferred from the text that:
A. The writer has quite negative attitude toward TVs.
B. The writer has quite positive attitude toward TVs.
C. The writer has neutral attitude toward TVs.
D. Nothing is correct.
23. According to the writer, why do children get bad scores at school?
A. Because they are the worst students in their class.
B. Because they are generally negative about the world.
C. Watching too much TV makes them neglect their studying
D. They don’t join class activities with other friends.
24. What is another influence of TVs on children?
A. They receive poor grades at school
B. They are usually not able to get on well with the outer world.
C. They hate their peers and friends
D. They devote little time to studying their subjects
25. What does the writer mean by ‘anti-social’?
A. What children have experienced through television is not the real world.
B. Children who watch much TV tend to oppose the society.
C. Children want to rebel because of watching TV
D. Children with low self-esteem should contact the real world.

Passage 3: Questions 26 - 30
The problem of the use of our natural resources may be divided into four parts. These deal with
trees, soil, water and minerals. In a sense, the first three are closely related, for water is a great
destroyer of soil, and trees are its great protectors. Trees need both soil and water to grow, and
water, to be of any real use, needs to be kept by soil and trees. Minerals are apart . They exist
where they are because of the changing physical nature of the earth. Man has no control over the
creation of the minerals, and once a particular supply has been used up, it is gone forever.
Conservation programmes have been instituted by governments to prevent these four essentials
from reckless waste and to start the long process of repairing earlier damager to forests, soil and
water supply.
26. The problem of the use of our natural resources may be divide into ___.
A. 2 parts B. 3 parts C. 4 parts D. 5 parts
27. In terms of their relationship, ___.
A. water, soil and trees protect each other
B. water, soil and trees need each other to exist
C. trees protect water, but water can damage soil
D. soil helps trees grow, but water damages trees
28. Minerals exist where they are ___.
A. because of the changing physical nature of the earth
B. because they also need to be kept by soil
C. because they are great protectors
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 D. All are correct.
29. When minerals are used up, ____.
A. they can be restored
B. they can be found soon
C. they are gone forever
D. they can be supplied again
30. To prevent these four essentials from reckless waste, _____.
A. man has to have control over the creation of the minerals
B. most governments have instituted conservation programmes
C. man mustn’t cut down trees
D. man mustn’t destroy minerals

Passage 4: Questions 31 - 35
Thank you for buying a product for the Office Ware mail order catalog. We hope you are satisfied
with your purchase of our quality merchandise. Please examine the contents of this package
immediately to make sure that your order has arrived complete and in undamaged condition. In
the event that you are not totally satisfied with your purchase for any reason, you can return it to
us within thirty days for a full refund, no questions asked. Just repack it in the same box you
received it in, and apply the enclosed return shipping label to the outside of the box. Return
postage will be paid by the customer. If you wish to return a product after thirty days from the
purchase date, please call the customer service office at 800-232-1002 and ask to speak with a
purchase order representative.
31. Where would you find these instructions?
A. In a catalog B. Enclosed in a package
C. Hanging up in a post office D. At a store
32. What should you do as soon as you receive your package?
A. Speak to a purchase order representative
B. Ask for a refund
C. Check to make sure it is in good condition
D. Send your payment to the Office Ware company
33. What should you do to return a product the day after receiving it?
A. Repack it and mail it back
B. Wait for thirty days
C. Call the customer service office
D. Order a new catalog
34. What will happen if you return a product before thirty days have passed?
A. The company will ask you some questions.
B. A customer service representative will call you.
C. You will get all your money back.
D. You will have to send in a new purchase order.
35. What should you do if you want to return a product after thirty days have passed?
A. Repack the product and send it back
B. Pay the return postage
C. Talk to a purchase order representative
D. Talk to the customer service
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PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)
Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

Like any other university, the Open University can give you a degree. However, you don’t have to
__37__ working to study. It can also open up a whole variety __36__ interests.
If you have __38__ studied before, you will enjoy the special, new pleasure of __39__ your knowledge.
You will make friends of __40__ kinds. You may also __41__ that your qualification provides new
career opportunities.
You don’t actually __42__ to the Open University for lectures, but study at home, using television,
radio and computer software. You can __43__ one class a month if you wish at an Open University
centre. Of course, there are exams to take, as in __44__ university.
If you __45__ like to know more, all you have to do is complete the form below. It could be the start of
a wonderful new period in your life.

36. A. stop B. end C. break D. leave

37. A. from B. of C. in D. for
38. A. ever B. never C. often D. always
39. A. growing B. changing C. adding D. increasing
40. A. all B. each C. bothD. every
41. A. suggest B. find C. wish D. want
42. A. join B. enter C. arrive D. go
43. A. give B. attend C. learn D. study
44. A. any B. some C. many D. most
45. A. did B. will C. would D. can

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (15 pts)

Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same
as the sentence printed before it.

46. “We’ll start right now,” said Tom.

Tom said that
47. They couldn’t come, for it was raining heavily.
Because of
48. Our airline welcomes all the passengers aboard.
All
49. You are a good student; work harder and harder.
As
50. Unless he contacts immediately, he won’t get any necessary information.
If
51. They couldn’t prepare the annual report.
The annual
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52. We haven’t visited the museum before.
This is
53. Peter missed the train because he woke up late.
If Peter
54. The snow makes driving dangerous.
The snows makes it
55 “I was not there at the time,” he said.
He denied

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a paragraph of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.

What are the important factors motivating people to work hard?

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 ĐỀ THI TUYỂN SINH CAO HỌC- TÂY NAM BỘ- 01/2014
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (15pts)

Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each
sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle the one word or phrase that
best completes the sentence.

1. The term ‘money’ ………………… to any medium that is generally accepted in exchange for goods and
services.
A. can refer B. it refers C. referring D. to refer
2. Staff meetings are held …………………in the third floor conference room.
A. sometimes B. always C. every week D. rarely
3. At midnight, the security system turns…………………automatically.
A. at B. on C. in D. out
4. There has not been a great response to the sale, …………………?
A. does it B. has it C. has there D. does there
5. The message …………………on an envelope.
A. writes B. wrote C. is writing D. was written
6. High and low atmosphere pressure systems are…………………cause changing weather patterns.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
7. Two of these books are mine; …………………are John’s.
A. another B. the others C. others D. all
8. Many companies hire consultants to give…………………on special projects.
A. capital B. help C. assistance D. advice
9. Don’t work so …………………. . You look very tired.
A. hard B. hardly C. seriously D. slow
10. The government announced its new…………………strategy.
A. economy B. economic C. economized D. economically
11. She telephoned me after I …………………to bed.
A. go B. went C. have gone D. had gone
12. We …………………work there, but we don’t any more.
A. are used B. use to C. used to D. are used to
13. That’s the student whose grades were …………………in the school.
A. high B. higher C. as high D. the highest
14. I hear you have started a new job. ………………… do you like it?
A. How B. What C. Where D. When
15. Neither my co-worker …………………I have ever thought of it.
A. or B. nor C. and D. so
PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION (20 questions)
Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words and phrases marked A, B,
C and D. Circle the one word or phrase that best answers the question.
Passage 1 : Questions 16 - 20
Students all over the world have to work for their education. A college education in many
countries is expensive. The costs are so high that most families begin to save for their children’s
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education when their children are babies. Even so many young people cannot afford to pay the
expenses of full-time college work. They do not have enough money to pay for school costs. Tuition
for attending university, books and classes, and accommodation costs are high. There are other
expenses and special student activity fees for such things as parking permits and football tickets. The
cost of college education increases every year. However, campuses are still crowded with students.
Some students depend on their family support to pay for college. Perhaps some of the students have
scholarships or money grants, but many do not. How do the rest of the students manage?

Questions:

16. How do many families afford high costs of college education?

A. They have savings account since their children are babies.
B. They try to pay all the school costs as they can.
C. They have plans to save since their children are small.
D. They teach their children to work to save money.
17. What does the writer imply in “Even so many young people cannot afford to pay the expenses of
full-time college work”?
A. In spite of their effort, college expenses are too high for students to afford.
B. If students work while they are students, they can afford to pay school costs.
C. However hard they try, they cannot work and study at the same time at college.
D. If they try, they can have scholarships to pay their school fees.
18. What types of costs are listed in the passage?
A. school costs, books and classes, accommodations costs
B. the costs of education, books, parking, activity fees
C. football tickets, money grants, entrance fees, classes, books
D. entrance, materials, classes fees and other extra types of fees
19. How many types of financial support that students can depend on are mentioned in the passage?
A. one B. two C. three D. four
20. What does the writer mean by “the rest of the students”?
A. the students who have family support
B. the students who get scholarships or money grants
C. the students who have any financial support from nowhere
D. the students who have to work to earn for their school fees

Passage 2: Questions 21-25

In our home market, it has been another excellent year. Pre-tax profits are up by $23m, and the
forecast for the next quarter is equally good. Profits from abroad are down because of a recession in
Japan. However, our performance overall has been good, and the earnings per share have increased
to 26.4p and the dividend will be increased to 4.3 per share, which will please our shareholders.

We plan to issue new shares in order to finance expansion in Asia. We also plan to increase our
investment in plant and equipment before entering the Chinese market. We are particularly pleased
with our performance in France and Germany where profits have increased. As a result of using a
new distributor, our costs fell giving us a gross margin of 40% on our main product line. We will use
any extra cash to reduce the level of our debt.

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 Our performance in Italy should improve significantly following the bankruptcy of our biggest
competitor. However, we should not become too satisfied with our share as economic conditions
remain uncertain and the revenues will continue to reflect this. Share prices will not rise in the short
term.

Questions:

21. Which statement is true according to paragraph 1?

A. The home sales have decreased.
B. The company has a good year in terms of domestic sales.
C. Dividends of 4.3p per share will please shareholders.
D. The Japanese recession has a positive effect on the company’s profit.
22. What is the company doing now?
A. Planning to expand business in Asia
B. Entering the Chinese market
C. Using a new distributor
D. Planning to raise money for its own operations
23. What may be one effect of the company’s using a new distributor?
A. It doesn’t have to pay as much costs as before.
B. It can pay all of its debts.
C. Exports will increase.
D. Production line will increase.
24. Where may the company do business the most?
A. Asia B. America C. Australia D. Europe
25. What seems to contribute to the company’s success in Italy’s performance?
A. The company’s satisfaction with its share prices
B. That the economic conditions remain uncertain
C. The fact that its main rival went bankrupt
D. Share prices that will not rise in the short term

Passage 3 : Questions 26-30

Jeff Bezos was 31 when he launched Amazon.com in 1995. The road to success was long and
hard, but this company later became the internet’s biggest retailer, with revenues of almost $2bn and
a customer base of over 10 million. To his fans, Bezos is a visionary, a retail revolutionary in the
tradition of Richard Sears, whose mail order business changed American shopping in the late 19 th and
20th centuries. ‘He saw the future in a concrete way before anyone else did,’ says Brad Silverberg, co-
founder of a Seatle-based venture capital firm. ‘He has done more than anyone else in the world to
change everyone’s buying habits. People go to the web and buy stuff because of Jeff Bezos. He created
a household world – that’s an amazing accomplishment’. To many, Bezos will always remain the man
who taught the world to shop online.

Questions:

26. What is true about Jeff Beros?

A. He failed to launch Amazon.com in 1995.
B. He makes people love online shopping.

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 C. He was the first one to start mail order business in the US.
D. He was a co-founder of a Seattle-based venture capital firm.
27. What is Amazon.com?
A. A mail order business C. a successful web page
B. A Seattle-based venture capital firm D. a successful internet retailer
28. Who is Brad Silverberg?
A. a venture capitalist C. the founder of Amazon.com
B. the manager of Sears D. the founder of a mail order business
29. Which statement is true?
A. Jeff Bezos’s road to success was long and hard.
B. The writer thinks Jeff Bezos taught the world to shop online.
C. Jeff Bezos disagreed with Richard Sears’s retail techniques.
D. Before Jeff Bezos, people didn’t like to shop in supermarkets.
30. What can account for Jeff Bezos’s accomplishment?
A. He was too young. C. He has a sharp vision.
B. He was lucky. D. People like him.
Passage 4: Questions 31-35
The sales forecaster interviews sales staff, sales managers and senior management. Talking
with experts and analysing figures from previous years help to show trends, the relationship
between price and demand, and any seasonal variations. The forecaster also considers the effects of
advertising, or changes in the market, for example, if new competition arrives or old competitors
disappear.

Sales forecasting is an attempt to estimate the level of regular business. It includes existing
contracts, the typical volume of sales to regular customers, typical volume of non-regular business
and an estimate of the volume of new business.

Questions:

31. Which of these things does the sales forecaster do?

A. talk with sales staff C. consider how advertising affects the market
B. interview consumers D. analyse prices and demands
32. Why does the sales forecaster talk with experts?
A. to consider the effects of advertising C. to change the market
B. to get information about trends D. to estimate the level of demand
33. What does the sales forecaster do with the figures from previous years?
A. to analyze them C. to estimate them
B. to know existing contracts D. to plan new strategies
34. What does ‘regular customers’ means?
A. seasonal clients C. established customers
B. famous purchasers D. frequent buyers
35. What does sales forecasting try to do?
A. record existing contracts C. renew sales volumes
B. estimate the level of success D. estimate the level of regular business
PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10pts)

105
Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle
the one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.

What is money? The pound, the dollar or the franc are actually just like a gram or a kilometer.
The difference is that you can exchange money for something (36)....... . A five-pound note may buy a
book, a huge bag of sweets, or a (37)..... of cinema tickets, but the note itself is only a printed (38).....of
paper which costs almost nothing to make. Thousands of years (39)....., people didn’t have money as
we know (40).... . There were no banks (41).......even shops. In those days, Mr. Green, a farmer,
exchanged the corn he (42)....grown for Mr. Hive’s honey. This was an exchange arranged between
two (43)...., each of whom had something that the other wanted; but in time, most societies invented
their own ‘currencies’ (44).....that people could exchange more. The different currencies began to join
together, which is why (45).....everyone uses a national currency.

36. A. anotherB. other C. else D. apart

37. A. few B. some C. several D. couple
38. A. piece B. side C. part D. slice
39. A. past B. ago C. before D. since
40. A. it B. them C. that D. this
41. A. and B. but C. except D. or
42. A. has B. did C. had D. was
43. A. items B. people C. things D. tasks
44. A. so B. for C. by D. such
45. A. soon B. lately C. recently D. today

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (15 pts)

Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same
as the sentence printed before it.

46. It is impossible to learn by heart the whole book in two days.

-Learning_________________________________________________________.
47. I don’t really want to visit the museum.
-I’d rather ________________________________________________________.
48. I get to work in twenty minutes.
-It takes__________________________________________________________.
49. I think it may rain.
-It looks as if ______________________________________________________.
50. “I think the whole idea’s ridiculous,” he said.
-He dismissed _____________________________________________________.
51. “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs. Rogers to her son.
-Mrs. Rogers told___________________________________________________.
52. “Don’t forget to turn off all the lights,” she told him.
-She reminded _____________________________________________________.
53. I didn’t arrive in time to see her.
-I wasn’t early _____________________________________________________.

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54. I don’t really want to have lunch yet.
-I’d rather________________________________________________________.
55. I can’t get my feet into these shoes.
-These shoes _______________________________________________________.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a paragraph of about 100 to 120 words to answer the question below.

In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good friend?

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 ĐỀ THI TUYỂN SINH CAO HỌC- 08/2014
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (15pts)

Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each
sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle the one word or phrase that
best completes the sentence.

1. The error was noticed after Mrs. Radice ___ the order.
A. had sent in
B. sends in
C. has sent
D. is sending
2. Southwest Airlines announced that it ___ certain unprofitable flights as of the eleventh of January.
A. discontinued
B. to discontinue
C. will discontinue
D. have discontinued
3. Al painted his bedroom black. It looks dark and dreary. He ___ a different colour.
A. had to choose
B. should have chosen
C. must have chosen
D. could have been choosing
4. The guard made the visitors ___ at the gate.
A waiting
B. waited
C. to wait
D. wait
5. The person ___ prepared this report has a real talent for writing.
A which
B. who
C. whose
D. she
6. Paper is ___ wood.
A made by
B. made of
C. made from
D. made with
7. It think that the photocopier was broken during shipping because the packaging that the company used
was not ___
A appropriate
B. likely
C. intended
D. expected
8. The elevator was out of ___ so I used the stairs.
A order
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B. operation
C. condition
D. reach
9. I was ___ for speeding.
A found
B. find
C. fined
D. founded
10. There was nothing to do ___ than (to) wait.
A another
B. other
C. the others
D. rest
11. My manager told me that only paper ___ designed for this particular printer should be used.
A specifically
B. courteously
C. reflectively
D. relatively
12. “Why are you driving so fast?” “I’m ___”
A must be hurry
B. in hurry
C. in a hurry
D. hurrying
13. The fitness club __ a steadily increasing number of customers and is eager to develop new programs.
A see
B. seen
C. seeing
D. has seen
14. ___ the stockbrokers said the market was healthy, they refused to invest more money.
A Because
B. Although
C. In addition
D. So
15. ___exposure to sunlight is one of the most common causes of skin cancer.
A Wasteful
B. Excessive
C. Extravagant
D. Exclusive

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION (30 pts)

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words and phrases marked A, B, C
and D. Circle the one word or phrase that best answers the question.
Passage 1:
The next meeting of the Techno Business Group will take place on February 23 from noon until 2:00 p.m.
at the Woodside Café. This is the third in a series of networking events organized for people who are
considering starting up a technology business. The intent is to provide a relaxed and casual atmosphere in
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which to network with other technology business owners and potential business partners. This event is co-
sponsored by the Woodside Economic Development Corporation, the Northside Investment Advisory
Group, and Woodside Business College.
There is no charge for attending this event beyond the cost of the lunch provided by the café ($15/person).
The event is open to all who are interested. Membership is not required. However, membership information
is available at our website www.technology.com
A list of upcoming events will be posted on the website soon, or you can call the events coordinator, Janet
Selway, at 549-555-9761.

1. What type of writing is this text?

A. A letter
B.A note
C.A notice
D.A reminder
2. Who is the meeting for?
A. Business entrepreneurs
B. Business professors
C. Investment advisors
D. Development organization
3. How many meetings have already taken place?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
4. What is the purpose of the meeting?
A. To have lunch
B. To recruit members
C. To learn about making investments
D. To meet others with similar interests
5. What information does Janet Selway offer?
A. schedule of future events
B. Reports on past events
C. Membership application
D. Café lunch menus

Passage 2:
DynaBold
Most European financial institutions agree that an ATM is not just a purchase, it is an investment.
That is why more than 50 per cent of banks that have ATMs have invested in ours.
At DynaBold we have always built our ATMs to last. But since we are continually developing new
technologies, we have made them adaptable, too. Years ago we created the industry’s first modular ATM
that could be upgraded without changing the housing. Today these ATMs are still yielding dividends for
their original investors.
However, we do much more than protect your investment. With more than a hundred years of security
expertise, we make sure your ATM is secure, too. Our service organisation responds 24 hours a day, 365

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days a year. Also, all our service engineers are trained to maintain everything from electronic components
to security features.
It is no wonder that the majority of European financial institutions use our ATMs. They know their money
is securely invested.
1. What is DynaBold?
A. A financial institution
B. An ATM manufacturer
C. A bank
D. An automatic teller machine
2. What type of writing is this text?
A. A business letter
B. An advertisement
C. A memorandum
D. An article
3. What did DynaBold develop?
A. Modular homes
B. new investment methods
C. A chain of banks
D. Upgradeable ATMs
4. How long may it be the time DynaBold in its business?
A. 24 hours a day, 365 days a year
B. It is longer than a century
C. Many years ago
D. A hundred years
5. How does the company maintain its ATMs?
A. By upgrading them often
B. Through a 24-hour service program
C. By making them secure

Passage 3:
Oxfam is a charitable organization that has existed since the early 1940s. It was founded originally to help
feed starving children in European countries during the Second World War. Oxfam has been working in
almost every country all over the world.
Oxfam funds relatively small-scale, relatively inexpensive but quite effective projects. Oxfam’s projects
involve feeding starving children, providing education for disadvantaged children, giving care and comfort
to the poor and the sick, rebuilding people’s own lives, carrying out irrigation work, planting trees, clearing
roads, building schools and hospitals.
Oxfam special attention to many poor countries in the Third World, that’s in Latin America, Asia and
Africa. Oxfam’s money comes entirely from voluntary contributions from the general public.
1. Oxfam was founded originally to help feed starving children in European countries ___.
A. before the Second World war
B. in the Second World War
C. after the Second World war
D. in the middle of the Second World War
2. According to the passage, Oxfam is a(n) ___
A international voluntary organization
B national voluntary organization
C international charitable organization
D national charitable organization
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3. The projects Oxfam funds are ___
A cheap and less effective
B relatively dear but less effective
C relatively cheap but very effective
D dear but quite effective
4. Oxfam’s projects involve all of the following EXCEPT ___
A giving money to the needy
B providing education for disadvantaged children
C feeding starving children
D rebuilding people’s own lives
5. The word starving in the passage is closet in meaning to ___.
A. very hungry B. very exhausting C. very tiring D. very miserable

Passage 4:
Water is necessary for life. People can live only a few days without it. Yet nearly 25 million people
die each year because of it. Both industrial nations and less-developed countries are worried about the
quality and quantity of water in the world.
The United Nations has named these ten years the World Water Decade. The UN hopes to provide
pure water for everyone in ten years’ time.
Even though people, animals, agriculture, and industry use a lot of water, there is more than enough
on the Earth. Water covers about three-fourths of the Earth's surface. However, 97.4 percent of it is salt
water. Most of the water we use comes from rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere. Less than one percent of the
Earth's water is usable, and we use it over and over again.
One of the problems about water is distribution. Water is not always distributed where the large
population centres are. Some regions get enough rain, but it is all in one or two short rainy seasons.
Questions
6. It is implied in the first paragraph that:
E. Without water people will die after only a few days
F. Nearly 25 million people die each year because of the lack of water
G. Water in industrial countries is not qualified enough
H. Industrial countries worry about the amount of water lost in the world
7. Why has the United Nation named these ten years the World Water Decade?
E. There have been a lot of natural disasters in recent years
F. It is worried about the quality and quantity of water in the world
G. It hopes to provide people with enough clean water by the end of the decade
H. Because there is more than enough water on the Earth
8. What can be said about the amount of usable water in the world?
E. It covers about three-fourths of the Earth's surface
F. About 97.4 percent of the world’s water is salt water
G. There is more than enough water on the Earth
H. It comprises only less than one percent of the Earth's water
9. Which statement is NOT true?
E. About three-fourths of the Earth’s surface is salt water
F. There is more than enough water on the Earth for people to use
G. Water from rivers, lakes only makes up less than one percent of the Earth's water
H. We use water from rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere over and over again
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 10.What is true about the distribution of water in the world?
E. Water is not always distributed equally over all regions
F. Water can be distributed by rain
G. Water can be insufficient in one place and surplus in another place
H. All of the above

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10 pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle the
one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.
THE ROCKIES
The Rocky Mountains run almost the length of North America.
They start in the North-west, but lie only a __1__ hundred miles from the centre in more southern areas.
Although the Rockies are smaller __2__ the Alps, they are no less wonderful.
There are many roads across the Rockies, __3__ the best way to see them is to __4__ by train. You start
from Vancouver, __5__ most attractive of Canada’s big cities. Standing with its feet in the water and its
head in the mountains, this city __6__ its residents to ski on slopes just 15 minutes by car from the city
__7__.
Thirty passenger trains a day used to __8__ off from Vancouver on the cross-continent railway. Now there
are just three a week, but the ride is still a great adventure. You sleep on board, __9__ is fun, but travel
through some of the best __10__ at night.

1. A. many B. lot C. few D. couple

2. A. from B. to C. as D. than
3. A. but B. because C. unless D. since
4. A. drive B. travel C. ride D. pass
5. A. a B. one C. the D. its
6. A. lets B. allows C. offers D. gives
7. A. centre B. circle C. middle D. heart
8. A. leave B. get C. take D. set
9. A. when B. which C. who D. where
10. A. scenery B. view C. site D. beauty

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.
1/ He couldn’t repair the broken vase.
The
2/ He is not tall enough to reach the shelf.
He is too
3/ He is said to have been the richest in the town.
People
4/ As television programs become more popular, they seem to get worse.
The more
5/ In spite of working until very late, I couldn’t complete the task.

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Although
6/ You ought to fasten your seat belt before driving away.
You shouldn’t
7/ I am very pleased that we shall have chance to work together again soon.
I am looking
8/ Why don’t you meet to discuss the pay offer?
I suggest
9/ It is not necessary to shout.
You don’t
10/ It was his own fault that he lost his job. He was late for work every morning.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a paragraph of about 120 to 150 words to answer the question below.
What is the contribution of the computer in the world of business?

114
 ĐỀ THI ANH VĂN SAU ĐẠI HỌC 10/2014 (TÂY NGUYÊN)
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55 pts)
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (15 pts)
Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence
are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle the one word or phrase that best completes
the sentence.
1. Regular exercise and good diet will bring …………… fitness and health.
A. from B. to C. about D. up
2. The pool should not be made so deep …………… small children can be safe there.
A. if B. so as to C. though D. so that
3. We all agree that she is…………… student in our class.
A. the cleverest B. a more clever C. most clever D. cleverest
4. There has been a great increase in retail sales, ……………?
A. hasn't there B. isn't there C. isn't it D. doesn’t it
5. I am sorry I have no time at present to…………… detail of our plan.
A. bring in B. take into C. come in D. go into
6. She is more interested in job ………….than in making a lot of money.
A. enjoyment B. satisfaction C. contentment D. pleasure
7. She asked me…………… I was looking at.
A. when B. if C. what D. why
8. In spite of her abilities, Laura has been …………… overlooked for promotion.
A. repeat B. repeatedly C. repetitive D. repetition
9. Education in many countries is compulsory…………… the age of 16.
A. for B. when C. until D. forwards
10. ……………..one of the most beautiful forms of performance art, ballet is a combination of dance and
mime performed to music.
A. Being considering B. Considering C. Considered D. To consider
11. The Lake District, …………… was made a national park in 1951, attracts a large number of tourists
every year.
A. that B. where C. what D. which
12. Michael looked deeply hurt and surprised when …………… .
A. scolded B. scolding C. to scold D. having scolded
13. The recent heavy rains have helped to ease the water…………….
A. plenty B. poverty C. shortage D. abundance
14. He is coming…………… a cold after a night out in the rain.
A. down with B. up with C. away from D. across with
15. The bad weather caused serious damage to the crop. If only it…………… warmer.
A. were B. had been C. has been D. was

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION (30 pts)

Directions: Read the passages. Beneath each question are four words and phrases marked A, B, C
and D. Circle the one word or phrase that best answers the question.
Passage 1:
According to a study by the pharmaceutical company Medco, a new bone-building drug can halve the rate
of broken hips in some high-risk women. The study on the drug Endron, published earlier this week, offers

115
evidence that treatment can prevent the worst effects of osteoporosis, a disease causing thinning, easily
breakable bones. In the study, researchers followed 2,027 women, aged between 55 and 80, who had
porous bones and a history of fractures. After three years, those taking the medication had: 51% fewer
broken hips, 40% fewer broken bones, and 44% fewer broken wrists. Medco plans to start marketing the
drug as soon as it has been granted federal approval.
16. What is the purpose of this report?
A. To notify readers of a new treatment for a disease
B. To notify readers of a new disease
C. To notify readers of the rate of broken bones in women aged between 55 and 80
D. To study a new drug
17. Find one word in the report that means “breakage”.
A. Hip B. Endron C. fracture D. medication
18. Which of the following participated in the study?
A. Several thousand women with broken hips
B. Women who suffered broken bones
C. Women under 55 over 80
D. Women who had broken their spines
19. When can consumers buy this new drug?
A. After it is approved by the authorities
B. After it starts marketing
C. As soon as it offers persuasive evidence to consumers
D. As soon as people take the medication
20. What does “those” refer to?
A. researchers B. patients C. bones D. hips

Passage 2:
Lithuania, the Czech Republic, and Romania have announced a comprehensive plan for free trade. It is
being portrayed as an opportunity for greater economic growth for all three nations. The newly formed Free
Economic Association (FREA) has been greeted enthusiastically by business groups generally, but Czech
labor unions, already struggling for labor rights in their own country, oppose the removal of trade barriers
and tariffs, contending that the accord will send jobs to Romania and Lithuania, where labor costs are lower
and environmental regulations more lax. The three countries have attempted to satisfy some of the
opposition to FREA by concluding side agreements. The free trade plan will bring together over 90 million
consumers in a growing market. If successful, it will extend membership to other former Soviet-bloc
nations and eastern European countries who are interested in joining.
21. According to the report, which of the following was an opposing argument to FREA?
A. The Czech Republic would get richer and Lithuania would get poorer
B. People would go to the Romania illegally, flooding the labor market
C. The Czech Republic would lose jobs to Romania and Lithuania
D. It was unfair to exclude western European nations
22. According to the report, what was an argument in favour of FREA?
A. It would provide economic growth for all three nations
B. It would provide enthusiasm for new businesses in all three nations
C. It would create effective environmental regulations in all three nations
D. It would give the Czech Republic unfair advantages
23. What will happen if FREA proves to be a success?
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A. It will be closed down
B. It will expand its membership
C. The three countries will form a new organization
D. It will continue in the same vein
24. According to the report, what group is especially opposed to FREA?
A. Eastern European countries C. Former Soviet-bloc nations
B. Lithuanian Environmental groups D. Czech labor unions
25. What does “it” in the last sentence refer to?
A. a growing market C. FREA
B. the free trade plan D. the Czech Republic

Passage 3:
Do you often take domestic flights? Collecting air miles, but still not getting anywhere? If you think it takes
too long to earn free flights with other frequent flyer programs, you are not alone. Why don’t you join the
club? The Western Airlines Flight Club. We may not be the most famous, but we can promise you we are
one of the best. The Western Airlines Flight Club gets you on free flights faster because we reward you for
the number of trips you take, not how many miles you fly. For anyone who takes mostly domestic flights,
it’s a great way to earn a free flight. Join our club by taking 8 round trips (2 one ways = 1 round trip) within
12 consecutive months on Western Airlines. Before boarding each flight, have our Customer Service Agent
stamp your application. Once you’ve received 16 stamps, mail in your application and we’ll send you a
plastic embossed membership card which you will use to receive credit on all future flights, a free round-
trip ticket to anywhere in the continental US, and a free drink coupon book. Remember, credit must be
obtained prior to flight. Unfortunately, we cannot credit passengers for past flights.
Call 1-888-888-8888 for an application form or download our printable form from our website at
www.western.flightclub.co. Get started now!

26. Which of the following is not required in order to qualify for a free flight?
A. Application must be stamped prior to boarding every flight
B. Passengers must fly once a month for 12 months
C. Passengers must get 16 stamps
D. Applications must be mailed in when they have 16 stamps
27. What is different about this frequent flyer program?
A. 2 one-way trips are the same as a roundtrip
B. You get a free drink coupon booklet with your first free flight
C. The rewards are fast, and you get to join a club
D. It doesn’t matter how far you fly
28. How many free flights can a passenger take in one year?
A. As many as they qualify for C. A maximum of 4
B. A maximum of 12 D. One
29. How can customers obtain an application form?
A. By flying with Western Airlines
B. By calling a special phone line or downloading the form
C. By sending a fax to Western Airlines
D. By attending a special seminar
30. Find one word in the text which has the following definition: “following one another in
uninterrupted succession or order”.
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A. domestic B. consecutive C. frequent D. embossed

Passage 4:
Bored of lying on the beach for those precious two weeks of summer vacation your company gives you
every summer? Buy the summer vacation that will give you more. The Computer Training Center offers
summer intensive seminars in Lotus, Quark, Computer Aided Design, Dbase Programming, and more!
Take this summer and create or enhance your computer skills. The Summer CTC seminars are every two
weeks from June 1st through September 1st. For a listing of courses, call 585-2880, or stop by our beautiful
new school at 4375 Marine View, with a spectacular view of the Bay.
For June and July, we are offering Special Grand Rates of 5% off the usual price. Don’t miss this chance to
improve your prospects in two short intensive weeks. Go back to work with new skills, not just a tan.
31. Who is this advertisement intended for?
A. Someone who wants to learn water sports during their vacation
B. People who want to have a view of the ocean
C. Anyone interested in improving their computer skills
D. Anyone who needs a discount on the price of their summer vacation
32. How often are the seminars offered?
A. Once a month C. Every week
B. Twice a month D. Every three weeks
33. Which of the following has this definition: “the brown color imparted to the skin by exposure to the
sun or open air”?
A. intensive B. enhance C. spectacular D. tan
34. When can you have a discount of the total fee for the course advertised?
A. from June 1st through September 1st C. every summer
B. June and July D. two weeks of summer vacation
35. What can you pick up if you stop by their new building?
A. A 5% Grand Opening Discount C. A schedule of classes
B. A view of the Bay D. A test of your computer skills

PART 3: CLOZE TEST (10 pts)

Directions: Read the text below. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Circle the
one word or phrase that best completes each of the blanks.
Wanda Cheung is a human resources (36) _______ . She works for a large company. Right now she is
teaching a class. Her students are not children but (37) _______ . They are managers. They are learning
(38) _______ to talk with the workers and how to help them. They are finding answers (39) _______ the
workers' questions.
Modern companies understand that workers are people. Happy people work better and are more (40)
_______ than unhappy people. Wanda Cheung's job is to keep both the workers and the managers happy.
Her job is also to (41) _______ the workers. She is doing a good job. Her company is twenty percent more
productive now than it (42) _______ before.
Now Wanda Cheung is sitting at her desk in her office. Many (43) _______ from people who want to
be workers are lying on the desk. Letters from workers and managers also (44) _______ her office.
It is the end of the day, and Wanda Cheung is tired. It is dark (45) _______ and a storm is coming. A
worker from the office below Wanda’s office is saying good night.
36. A. technician B. manager C. clerk D. head
37. A. teenagers B. pupils C. grown people D. adults
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38. A. how B. what C. which D. where
39. A. to B. at C. through D. in
40. A. profitable B. productive C. producing D. possessive
41. A. motivate B. excite C. harden D. rule
42. A. is B. was C. has been D. were
43. A. applications B. suggestion C. proposals D. offers
44. A. contain B. store C. send D. reach
45. A. outward B. out C. outside D. outer

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45 pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts)
Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.
46. He couldn’t prepare the annual report.
The annual report couldn’t be prepared
47. How long is it since they bought the house?
When did they buy the house?
48. This furniture is so old that it’s not worth keeping.
This is such old furniture that it is not worth keeping.
49. I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home.
I’d rather go out for a meal than stay at home.
50. ‘Bring your swimming things in case it’s sunny.’
He told me/us/them to bring my/our/their swimming things in case it was raining.
51. Walking in the rain gives him pleasure.
He enjoys walking in the rain.
52. It is not necessary to shout.
You don't have/need to shout.
53. I had just put the phone down when my boss rang back.
Hardly had I put the phone down when my boss rang back.
54. What a pity you failed your driving test!
I wish you hadn’t failed your driving test./you had passed your driving test.
55. Despite the fact that John is old and ugly, women love him because he is rich.
Although John is old and ugly, women love him because he is rich.

PART 2: WRITING (25 pts)

Write a paragraph of about 120 to 150 words to answer the question below.
What is the contribution of the computer in the world of business?

119
 APPENDIX 1
DẠNG ĐỀ THI
SECTION ONE: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION (55pts)

PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR: 15 questions- 15pts

Directions: Each of the following questions consists of an incomplete sentence. Beneath
each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word
or phrase that best completes the sentence.

PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION: 20 questions- 30pts

Directions: Read the passages and choose the best alternative to answer the questions

PART 3: CLOZE TEST: 10 blanks- 10pts

Directions: Read the text below and then choose the correct word for each space

SECTION TWO: WRITING (45pts)

PART 1: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION: 10 questions- 20 pts

Directions: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly
the same as the sentence printed before it.
PART 2: PARAGRAPH WRITING: Write a paragraph from 120 to 150 words- 25 pts

120
 APPENDIX 2
COMPARATIVE
Short adj/adv: …adj-er/ adv-er than ….
Long adj/adv: ….more adj/adv than ….
Ex: They are taller than us.
They can swim better than me.
These dictionaries are more expensive than those.
The students in my class can speak more fluently.

SUPERLATIVE
Short adj/adv: …. the adj-est/ adv-est …
Long adj/adv: … the most adj/adv …
Ex:
They are the easiest matter I’ve ever met.
This is the most interesting story I’ve ever read.
They play the guitar the most beautifully I’ve ever heard so far.

IRREGULAR ADJ/ADV
Good/ well- better- the best
Far- further/ farther- the furthest/ farthest
Bad/ badly- worse- the worst
Little- less- the least
Many/ much- more- the most
Old- older (of people and thing) elder (of people only)- the oldest/ the eldest

COMPARISON
Positive:
S+ be/verb+ as+ adj/adv+ as ….
Ex: Speaking a foreign language is as difficult as writing it.
They can play the guitar as well as her.
Negative :
S+ be/verb+ not+ as/so+ adj/adv+ as …
She is not as/so tall as her younger brother.
He doesn’t study as/so well as us.

PARALLEL INCREASE
The + comparative ….. the + comparative ….
Ex: Do you want a big house?
Yes, the bigger the better
But the smaller it is, the less it will cost to heat.
The earlier you start the sooner you’ll be back.

GRADUAL INCREASE OR DECREASE

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Comparative and comparative
Ex: The weather is getting colder and colder.
He became less and less interested.

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 APPENDIX 3

CLAUSE OF CONCESSION
No matter how (however) + adj + S + be, ….
No matter how rich people are, they always seem anxious to make more money.
No matter what (whatever) S+ V, ….
No matter what you do, don’t touch this switch.
Whatever you do, don’t tell him that I told you this.

ALTHOUGH- EVEN THOUGH

Although/ Even though S+V+….., main clause
Ex:
- Although he is not rich, he is willing to help the poor.
- Even though it is raining, everybody comes to celebrate the event.

IN SPITE OF- DESPITE

In spite of/ Despite + phrase, main clause
Ex:
In spite of the rain, they come to celebrate the event.
Despite the fact that he is not rich, he is willing to help the poor.

NO MATER HOW- NO MATTER WHAT

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 APPENDIX 4

PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE

Subject + Be + Past participle + (By agent)

Examples:
- I was informed of your transfer to a new
place last week.
- They are usually prepared by the staff.

Objects Subjects
me I
you You
him He
her She
it It
us We
them They
Active Passive
Simple present …am/is/are+V3…
Present continuous …am/is/are+ being + V3….
Present perfect … have/has+ been +V3….
Present perfect cont ….have/has+ been + being +V3….
(Cont)
Simple Past …. was/ were + V3 …
Past Continuous …. was/ were + being +V3 ….
Past perfect …. had been +V3 …
Past perfect cont …. had been being +V3
Simple future …. Will/ shall be +V3 …
Future continuous … will/ shall be being + V3 …
Future Perfect …. will/ shall have been +V3 …

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 APPENDIX 5

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES: PERSONS

Subject: who, that
Ex: Everyone who/ that knew him liked him.
Object of a verb: whom or who, that
Ex: The girlswhom/who/that he employs are always complaining about their pay.
With a preposition: whom, that
Ex: The man from whom I bought it told me to oil it.
Possessive: whose
Ex: People whose rents have been raised can appeal.

DEFINING RELATIVE: THINGS

Subject: which, that

Ex: This is a picture which/ that caused such a sensation.
Object of a verb: which, that or no relative at all
Ex: The car which/ that I hire broke down.
Object of a preposition: prep+ which,
which that…. prep
Ex: The ladder on which I was standing began to slip. = The ladder which I was standing on …

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES: PERSONS

Subject: who
Ex: Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town.
Object: whom, who
Ex: Peter, whom everyone suspected, turned out to be innocent.
Object of a preposition: whom
Ex: Mr Jones, for whom I was working, was very generous about overtime payments.
Possessive: whose
Ex: Ann, whose children are at school all day, is trying to get a job.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES: THINGS

Subject: which
Ex: The 8.15 train, which is usually very punctual, was late today.
Object: which
Ex: This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need.
Object of a preposition: which
Ex: His house, for which he paid $100,000, is now worth $500,000.
Possessive: whose, of which
Ex: His house, whose windows were all broken, was a depressing sight.
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126
 APPENDIX 6

INDIRECT SPEECH
‘Simple present’ Simple past
‘Pre Continuous’ Past cont
‘Pre perfect’ Past perfect
‘Pre per cont’ Past perfect cont
‘Simple past’ Past perfect
‘Future’ Conditional (would)
‘Future cont’ Conditional cont
‘Conditional’ Perfect conditional

I, we he, she, they

Me, us him, her, them
My, our his, her, their
Myself, ourselves himself, herself, themselves
You, your, yourself depending on the object of the introductory clause
This/ These that/ those/ the
Today that day
Yesterday the day before
Tomorrow the next/following day
Next week the following week
Last year the previous year
A year ago a year before/ the previous year

IMPERATIVE
“ Verb …..” They asked us to V …
“Don’t +V ….” They asked us not to V …
“Would you please do …?”They asked us to do …
“Would you please not to…?” They asked us not to do …
“Turn off all the lights, please.”
They asked us to turn off all the lights.
“Don’t step on the grass, please.”
They ordered the children not to step on the grass.
“Would you please complete the form and submit it for me?”
They told him to complete the form and submit it for them.

QUESTIONS/ INTERROGATIVES
Interrogative:
“ Aux S V …?” They asked me if/ whether S V …

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Questions:
“Wh-word aux S V …?” They asked me Wh-word S V …
Ex: “Have you got anything to declare, Mr. Brown?” the customs officer asked.
The customs officer asked him whether he had got anything to declare.
“What’s going on?”, he wondered.
He wondered what was going on.

STATEMENT
Ex: The woman said, “It is one of the best services the bank’s offered.”
The woman said it was one of the best services the bank had offered.
He said to her, “You must have some form of identification to present.”
He said to her that she had to have some of identification to present.

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 APPENDIX 7

WISH CLAUSE
Wish that + subject+ past tense: regret about a present situation
Ex: He wishes he knew the address.
Wish that + subject + past perfect: regret about a past situation
Ex: I wish that I hadn’t spent so much money.
Wish + subject + would: dissatisfaction with the present and a wish for change in the future;
interest in the subject’s
Ex: I wish he would answer my letter. (I have been waiting for the answer for a long time.)
I wish he would write more often.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES:
IF-1: FUTURE POSSIBILITY
If clause Main clause
Simple present simple future
simple present
Ex: If it rains, we’ll not go out.
If you heat the water at 100 degrees, it boils.

IF 2- PRESENT UNREAL

If clause Main clause

Simple past ….. would do…
Ex: If I were you, I would choose studying in this school.
If they studied hard, they would be good students.

IF 3- PAST UNREAL

If clause Main clause

Past perfect ….would have done …
Ex: If you had told me about that, I would have finished the report yesterday.
If he had learned carefully, he would have passed his exam.

IF CLAUSE- INVERSION

Đảo ngữ dùng để diễn tả điều có thể xảy ra nhưng nằm ngoài mong muốn của người nói. (dạng 1)
Ex: Should you have any complaints, contact us immediately.
= If you have any complaints, contact us immediately.
Dạng 3:
Had we known you were there, we would have written you a letter.
Had she found the right buyer, she would have sold the house.
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AS IF, AS THOUGH

Present meaning: use the simple past tense

Past meaning: use the past perfect tense
He always behaves as if he were the president.
He breathed as though he had had a long walk.

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 APPENDIX 8

How long + present perfect (have/has+V3)?

When + simple past (did + S + inf)?
S + be + so + adj + that + clause (S+V+…)
S + be + too + adj + for someone (object) + to + inf
S + V + adv that + clause
S + V + too + adv for SO to do ST
S + be+ adj+ enough for SO to do ST

Need to do something: active voice

Need doing: passive voice
(= Need to be done)
……..so that/ in order that + clause: —> purpose
……..in order to/ to/ so as to+ v (inf): —> purpose
Must = have to , need to (obligation to do)
Don’t have to = don’t need to (obligation not to do)
Mustn’t (prohibition) = be not allowed to do
Look forward to +doing = Expect to do
Remember/ forget to do something: to do and to remember: present or future
Remember/ forget doing something: to do and to remember: past
Succeed in doing ST = manage to do ST: can do ST ≠ fail to do ST: cannot do ST

MODALS: Can, Could, Shall, Should, May, Might, Must, Ought to, Will, Would, Have to, Need to
Make SO/ ST do ST = force SO to do ST
Make SO/ ST + adj
Prevent SO from doing ST
…… let SO do ST = ….. allow SO to do ST = …..permit SO to do ST
It + be + adj+ for + someone/something + to do ….
….would rather do ST (ST) than do ST else (ST else) …. = prefer ST to ST else
…… would rather do ….. = want to do …. = would like to do
Tell SO to do ST
Tell SO not to do ST
Remind SO of doing ST
It +be+ adj +to do …..
Ex: It is difficult to learn a new language at the age of 50.
Learning a new language …..is difficult.
…allow someone to do something…
….someone be allowed to do …..
Apologize to someone for something
Apologize for something
Apologize for doing something wrong

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I suggest that he apologize to you.
…suggest that S+ should +V ….
…..suggest that S +V ….
Suggest, recommend, require, request….
…… make someone/something do
….someone/ something+ be made + to do
It + take + time + for SO + to do ST
It + take + SO + time + to do ST
Need to do: Active
Need doing: Passive
Request SO to do ST
Request SO not to do ST
SO +be +requested to do ST
According to
In accordance with
Would rather + do
Would rather + not do
Would rather (that) + clause (simple past)
SO + find + It+ ADJ + To Do…..
……such + noun/ noun phrase+ that + clause
…….so + adj/ adv+ that + clause
……had better do ST…… = ….. should do ST
Few/ A few + Nouns
Little/ A little + Noun (uncount)
Few- Little: negative meaning
A few- A little: (Neutral)
I have a few friends because I’ve just come here.
Although I am sociable, I have few friends.

SUGGESTIONS:
- Why don’t you….? Why not do….?
- What about doing ….? What about + noun phrase…?
- Let’s do …..
- S + suggest+ that S+ should+ V
- S+ suggest doing something

ADVICE
Would rather (Would sooner) do …… = prefer doing
Had better do …..
You should do ….
I would do …. (if I were you)
S+ advise you to do
S + advise doing …
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- Apologise to someone for doing something
- Apologise to someone for something
- Accuse someone of doing something
- Succeed in doing something
- Manage to do something

INVERSION OF SUBJECT AND VERB

Hardly ever; Hardly … when; In no circumstances; Neither/Nor; Never; No sooner ….. than;
Not only; Not till; Nowhere; On no account; Only by; Only then/when; Rarely; Scarcely …
when; Seldom
Ex: Not only do they rob you, they smash everything too.
Never before had I been asked to accept a bribe.
On no account must this switch be touched.

TIME CLAUSES

Conjunctions of time: after, as, as soon as, before, hardly …when, immediately, no sooner …than,
since, the sooner, till/ until, when, whenever, while
Rule: simple present in time clause to express future meaning.
Ex: When he arrives, he’ll tell us about the match.
As soon as I have finished, I’ll give you a call.

TOO, ENOUGH, SO…AS, SO…THAT

Too + adj/adv+ for noun/pro+ to do

Ex: The case was too heavy for the child to carry.
Adj/adv + enough+ to do
Ex: The child was not strong enough to carry the case.
He didn’t jump high enough to win the prize.
Enough + noun
Ex: He doesn’t earn enough (money) to live on.
So + adj/adv+ as to do
Ex: He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked.
So + adj/adv + that + clause
Ex: The case is so light that I can carry.

It takes/ took + time + for someone + to V …

It takes/ took + someone+ time+ to V ….

Ex:

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 - It took me one hour to finish my assignment.
- It takes more than half an hour to drive to your new house.

- Blame something on someone

He blamed the accidents on them.
- Blame someone for something
He blamed them for the accident.

MODAL PERFECT

 Should have done

 Shouldn’t have done
 Would have done
 Could have done
 Might have done
 May have done
 Can have done
 Must have done

EMPHATIC FORM

It +be …. that + clause

Ex:
It was your fault that we couldn’t achieve our goal.
It is at two o’clock that the conference will commence.

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 REFERENECES

1. Broukal, M. (1997), The Heinle&HeinleToefl Test Assistant Reading, HCMC Publishing

House

2. Broukal, M. (1997), The Heinle&HeinleToefl Test Assistant Vocabulary, HCMC Publishing

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3. Heaton, JB. (1995), Longman Test in Context 1, Longman Publishing House

4. Heaton, JB. (1995), Longman Test in Context 2, Longman Publishing House

5. Heaton, JB. (1995), Longman Test in Context 3, Longman Publishing House

6. NguyễnTrungTánh (1996), Pre-test Level B- HCMC Publishing House

7. NguyễnTrungTánh (1996), Tàiliệuluyệnthichứngchỉ B- MônĐọchiểu, HCMC Publishing

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8. Preliminary English Test- 1 (2010)- Cambridge Books for Cambridge Exams- CUP

9. Preliminary English Test- 2 (2010)- Cambridge Books for Cambridge Exams- CUP

10. Preliminary English Test 3 (2010)- Cambridge Books for Cambridge Exams- CUP

11. Preliminary English Test 4 (2010)- Cambridge Books for Cambridge Exams- CUP

12. Preliminary English Test 5 (2010)- Cambridge Books for Cambridge Exams- CUP

13. Preliminary English Test 6 (2010)- Cambridge Books for Cambridge Exams- CUP

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