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3. 123 - UCSP

4. 08 Norms and Values

5. 01A Lesson Proper for Week 8

01A Lesson Proper for Week 8

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Socialization
Socialization is the lifelong process by which, through social interaction, we learn our culture,
develop our sense of self, and become functioning members of society.

As to how we define socialization, it is an interactive process by which individuals learn the

basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of a society. From birth until adulthood, we interact
with others. This concept justifies the saying, "No man is an island" we are social beings that need
others to survive. And through someone, we mold our own identity, our culture.

Norms

Norms are cultural standards or guidelines that enable individuals to distinguish between
appropriate and inappropriate behavior in a given society.

For every society, norms are essential factors in keeping peace and order. They set the
standards of what is acceptable and unacceptable behavior within the group. For instance, it is a
cultural norm in Asian countries to pay respects to the elderly. To guide and encourage conformity to
social and cultural norms, members of society use sanctions, rewards, and punishment to control
social behavior.

Types of Norms
Mores - these are norms that are widely observed in society and pose heavy moral significance.

Individuals are encouraged to conform to social norms every single day. As such, different
ways of social adaptation and behaviors have emerged. Remember that mores are norms that deal
with moral issues or issues involving social taboos or deviance. It is more concerned with identifying
right actions from wrong ones. For example, joking about the possession of explosives in public
transport is not acceptable because it poses threats to security and safety. When caught, the person
responsible for the behavior is sanctioned through imprisonment and community service.

Folkways - these are norms that are observed in casual or routine encounters and are considered
less significant.

Folkways are norms that are more focused on cultural standards. These norms are less
sanctioned by law but also pose negative judgment from witnesses. For example, a person wearing
a t-shirt and jeans to a formal occasion could be construed as rude because he did not follow the
correct dress code; despite this, that person will not be jailed or sanctioned by law for doing so.

Taboos - are the forbidden act set by society. Taboos exist in various contexts, some of them being
known in most societies and others being more context-specific. For example, there are cultural
taboos, dietary taboos, and religious taboos, only to name a few (Keturi & Lehmonen, 2011).

Taboos are primarily backward-oriented, for, by being essentially forbidding and prohibiting,
they tend to preserve the past and control the impingement of the future on the present. Of course,
not all taboos are old. New ones constantly appear, taking various shapes and forms as the
substance of the culture evolves, but they all serve the same goal – preservation of the status quo
(Keturi & Lehmonen, 2012).

NORMS SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
Folkways Social Preference
Mores Social Requirement
Taboo Forbidden
This is how you see norms, and you should follow them because base on the culture, it is right
to do. So if you follow the folkways, which is the social preference, you are in the right situation, but
people think you are rude or disoriented if you're not.

If you follow mores, you are acting right. And it is expected you to do because it a social
requirement, but you violated your action is wrong. You face severe sanctions.

Follow the taboos that what your culture set. It is an illegal action. When you violated the
taboos, you're doing the wrong action. That is how these norms to be seen. It is important to
remember that norms—either mores or folkways or taboos—are forms of social control or ways by
which people's behaviors and actions in society are regulated or controlled. Social control is crucial
because it ensures organization and peace in society. It tries to control behaviors and social
activities to avoid conflicts that may affect the bigger social group. Values

Values are culturally defined standards that people see as good, acceptable, and desirable
those serve as broad guidelines of living. Values are developed through socialization. Through
social interactions, individuals learn to embrace certain qualities and behaviors necessary to become
acceptable social beings.

Like culture, values also change over time. This is dependent on cultural and social factors
that make up society and shape the course of the socialization process. Values also vary from
culture to culture.

For instance, Asian countries place great value on family and the community. In Asia, it is
common to see individuals who have already graduated from college or are already working still
living with their parents. Meanwhile, among Western countries like the United States or the United
Kingdom, people value individualism, where people strive to live independently after college to show
their independence. This example shows different value sets that are both culturally acceptable.