HIRARCguidelinesFCE (Ebook) 25 9 17)

e-BOOK
i HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
FCE-SOSHCo
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UiTM CAWANGAN PULAU PINANG
13500 PULAU PINANG
1ST Edition
Copyright@ 2017 by the Universiti Teknologi

MARA, Pulau Pinang.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may

be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical including
photocopy, recording or any information storage
and retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publisher.
e-ISBN NO. 978-967-0841-26-7
Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang
ii HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING
HIRARC GUIDELINES
FOR
CIVIL ENGINEERING
PROGRAM
Prepared by:
ANAS IBRAHIM
ROZAINI RAMLI
DALIAH HASAN
MD FAIZAL ZAKARIA
KAY DORA ABD GHANI
MOHD RAFE ABDUL MAJID

iii HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, all praises be to Allah the

Almighty for His showers of blessing throughout
the process of completing the HIRARC
Guidelines for Civil Engineering Program. The
authors would like to express sincere gratitude to
the management team of Faculty of Civil
Engineering for support and encouragement.
Many thanks to our colleagues from FCE Safety
and Health Committee who provided insight and
expertise that greatly assisted in completion of
HIRARC Guidelines for Civil Engineering
Program.

iv HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
CONTENTS
Acknowledgement iii
Contents iv
List of Abbreviation v
Preface vi
1 HIRARC MATTERS 1
2 PROCESS OF HIRARC 4
STEP 1 Classify Work Activities 5
STEP 2 Identify Hazards 7
STEP 3 Assess The Risk 10
STEP 4 Select Risk Control 16
STEP 5 Review Risk Control 21
3 EXAMPLES OF HIRARC REGISTER 22

EXAMPLE 3.1 for Concrete Lab 23
EXAMPLE 3.2 for Light Structure Lab 24
EXAMPLE 3.3 for Heavy Structure Lab 25
EXAMPLE 3.4 for Hydraulics Lab 26
EXAMPLE 3.5 for Geotechnical Lab 27
EXAMPLE 3.6 for Highway & Traffic Lab 28
EXAMPLE 3.7 for Geology Lab 29
EXAMPLE 3.8 for Building Services Lab 30
EXAMPLE 3.9 for Environmental Lab 31
EXAMPLE 3.10 for Computer Lab Work 32
EXAMPLE 3.11 for Surveying Practical Work 33
EXAMPLE 3.12 for Office Work 34
4 REFERENCES
35
5 APPENDICES
APPENDIX A FCE HIRARC Form 36

APPENDIX B Examples of Workplace Hazards 37
APPENDIX C Example of Safety Work Procedure 38
(SWP)

v HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
FCE Faculty of Civil Engineering, UiTMCPP
DOSH Department of Occupational Safety and health
OSH Occupational Safety and Health
OSHA 1994 Occupational of Safety and Health Act (ACT 514)
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
SDS Safety Data Sheet
SWP Safe Work Procedure
SOSHco Sub-Occupational Safety and Health Committee
UiTM Universiti Teknologi MARA

vi HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
PREFACE
This HIRARC Guidelines for Civil Engineering Program
book was prepared to provide a standard procedure on
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) management in work
place, laboratory experiments and equipment for the needs of
students and all faculty members. This guideline was
developed systematically to satisfy the requirements stated by
Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). This
book was intended to give a full-scale view of how hazard and
risk assessment is being carried out by giving related samples
from laboratory experiments. It is hoped that this book can be
a good source of reference for the end-user in identifying
hazards, assessing the risk, and at the same time to control
the hazards.
The approach adopted in developing this book is to make a
simple note by minimizing words and giving real examples for
different types of hazard risk tasks. A special gratitude was
presented to the Safety and Health Committee of the
Faculty of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA
Pulau Pinang as the authors of this book whom succeeded to
produce a useful yet informative guideline. The authors would
sincerely welcome any constructive critic, comments or
suggestions to improve the book in near future.
Dr Kay Dora Abd Ghani

Head of Centre of Studies
Faculty of Civil Engineering
Universiti Teknologi MARA Pulau Pinang
September 2017

1 HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM
1.0 HIRARC MATTERS

HIRARC is a short term for Hazard Identification Risk
Assessment and Risk Control. These three (3) principles
used in workplaces to manage safety and health.
According to OSHA 1994 in section 15(2)(a): “the
provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work
that are, so far as is reasonable and practicable, safe
and without risks to health.
What is Objectives of HIRARC?

 To identify types of Hazards in work area
 Evaluate the Risk
 Suggest Risk Controls to Organization
 Implementing Risk Controls, and
 Review Risk Controls
What is Basic Component of HIRARC?

The basic components of HIRARC are as follows;
1. Hazard identification
2. Risk Assessment
3. Risk Control

4. Review of Exist Risk Control
Why HIRARC is Important?

According to Section 15 (2)(a) of OSHA 1994:
“ the provision and maintenance of plants and systems
of work that are, so far as is reasonable and practicable,
safe and without risks to health”
Who Can Conduct HIRARC?

1. Someone who’s trained to conduct HIRARC in
Organization.
2. Safety and Health committee
3. Safety and health Officer
When We Need to Conduct HIRARC?

1. The situations where hazard exists Harmful.
2. The situation is uncertain whether the controls are
available is enough or not.
3. Before implementing corrective measures or
prevention.
4. By an organization that continuously improves security

management.
Where to Conduct HIRARC?

In any workplace that is likely to be hazardous and
needs to be controlled.
How to conduct HIRARC?

Briefly, HIRARC can be implemented in the following
steps:
Step 1. Classify work activities
Step 2. Perform hazard identification
Step 3. Get the risk level
Step 4. Control high risk
Step 5. Review the effectiveness of controls

2.0 PROCESS OF HIRARC
The process of HIRARC start from classify activities,

identify hazards, assess the risk, select risk control and
review the risk control.
Classify activities/ work/ task
Identify hazards
Assess the risk
Select risk control
Review the risk control exist
*Note: All the process of HIRARC documented in FCE

HIRARC Form (Appendix A) based on types of activities
works or workplace.

STEP 1: CLASSIFY ACTIVITIES WORK
How to classify the activities work?

The activities work can be classify based on;
1. Workplace or location – laboratory, office,
construction site, computer lab, studio
2. Procedure of experiment – specific gravity test,
concrete cube test, BOD test, Tensile test
3. Procedure of equipment – uses of mobile crane,
forklift, cutter machine
Tips:
The work activities selected for HIRARC register must be:

1. not too big e.g. manufacturing a car;
2. not too small e.g. fixing a nut; or
3. defined task e.g. loading, packing, mixing,
fixing the door
The workplace selected for HIRARC Register must be:
1. Specific area – Concrete Lab, IDP Office,

Computer Lab
2. Not too small area – small store, Janitor room

3. Easy to in and exit

4. The place not declared as caution/ restricted
area – TNB sub-station

STEP 2: IDENTIFY HAZARD

Generally, Hazard describe as a source or a situation
with a potential of harm in terms of human injury or
health, damage to properties, damage to environments
or a combination of these.
What is the different between hazard, danger and
risk?
Danger is relative exposure to hazard and meanwhile,
risk is combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a
hazardous event with specified period or in specified
circumstances and the severity of injury or damage to
the health of people, property, environment or any
combination of these caused by the event.
Types of Hazard
Generally, hazards can be divided into three (3) main
groups;
A. Safety Hazards - is any force strong enough to
cause injury, or damage to Property.
B. Health hazards - is any agent that can cause
illness to an individual.
C. Environmental Hazards – pollution release to the
environment that may cause harm or deleterious
effects.
(source: DOSH HIRARC Guideline 2008)

To facilitate hazard identification, it can be categorized

as follows;
1. Chemical Hazard
2. Physical Hazard
3. Biological Hazard
4. Ergonomics Hazard
5. Psychosocial Hazard
6. Mechanical Hazard
7. Electrical Hazard
What are The Sources of Hazard?

The main sources of hazard are from unsafe act and
unsafe condition.
How to identify Hazards?

We can identify hazards by doing these activities;
1. Workplace Inspections
2. Discussions & Interview
3. Internal & external Audit

4. OSH Training
We can also identify the hazards by refer to these

documents below;
1. Accident Statistics or report
2. Policy – UiTM Safety Policy, UiTM Policy
3. Legal – OSHA 94, FMA 67
4. Manual – Lab manual, equipment manual
5. SOP – Standard Operating Procedure
6. ERP – Emergency Response Plan
7. SDS – Safety Data Sheet
8. Feedback & complaint

STEP 3: ASSESS THE RISK
Risk assessment is the process of evaluating the risk to

safety and health arising from hazards at work.
How to assess risk in the workplace?
Step 1: Look for hazards.
Step 2: Decide who might be harmed and how.
Step 3: Evaluate the likelihood (probability) and the
severity (consequence) risks and decide whether the
existing precautions are adequate or whether more
should be done.
A. Likelihood – this value is based on the likelihood

of an event occurring.
You can ask the question “How many times has this
event happened in the past?”
Assessing likelihood is based on worker experience,
analysis or measurement.
Likelihood levels range from “most likely” to
“inconceivable.”

TABLE A: Likelihood level (Based on UiTM OSH

Manual 2016)
LIKELIHOOD EXAMPLES RATING
Most Likely The most likely result of

the hazard / event being
5
realized
Possible Has a good chance of

occurring and is not
4
unusual.
Conceivable Might be occur at 3

sometimes in future
Remote Has not been known to 2

occur after many years.
Inconceivable Is practically impossible 1

and has never occurred.
B. Severity – it can be divided into five categories.

Severity are based upon an increasing level of
severity to an individual’s health, the environment
or to property. Table B indicates severity by using
the following table;

TABLE B: Severity Level (Based on UiTM OSH

Manual 2016)
NATURE ESTIMATE UiTM RATING

OF LOSS (RM) REPUTATION
INJURY
Fatal > 10,000 Becomes an issue 5
at the level of the
Ministry of Higher
Education
Permane < 10,000 Becomes an issue 4

nt among the public
disability Universities
Major < 1,000 Becomes an issue 3

Injury to the clients
(>4
days
MC)
Minor < 100 Discussion at the 2

Injury management level
(1 day
MC)
First aid < 10 Slightly affected 1

only

C. Risk Assessment
Procedure using Risk Matrix (TABLE C);

1. Find the severity column that best describes the
outcome of risk.
2. Then follow the likelihood row to find the description
that best suits the likelihood that the severity will occur.
3. The risk level is given in the box where the row and
column meet.
Risk can be calculated using the following formula:

Relative Risk = Likelihood X Severity
The relative risk value can be used to prioritize necessary
actions to effectively manage work place hazards. Table
D determine priority based on the following Risk Priority
Number (RPN) in Table D.

TABLE C: Risk Matrix (Based on UiTM OSH Manual

2016)

TABLE D: Relative Risk

STEP 4: SELECT RISK CONTROL
“Risk control is the process used to identify all

practicable measures for eliminating or reducing the
likelihood of injury, illness or disease in the workplace, to
implement the measures and to continually review the
measures in order to measure their effectiveness.”
What is the matter that must be consider in
implementing risk control?
1. Review measures regularly and modify if necessary.
2. Comply with national laws and regulations.
3. Reflect good management practice.
4. Consider the current state of knowledge.
5. Include information or reports from organizations
related i.e., DOSH, OSH services.
What is Hierarchy of Control?

The hierarchy is in a descending order from the control
measure which gives the greatest level of safety, but
they may be used in combination. Generally the order is;

1. Elimination most effective

2. Substitution
3. Engineering Control
4. Administration Control
5. Personal Protective Equipment least effective
Tips* Administrative control and PPE should be
considered only as “back-up” control measures.
1. Elimination
Getting rid of a hazardous job, tool, process,
machine or substance is perhaps the best way of
protecting workers.
Example; a salvage firm might decide to stop buying and
cutting up scrapped bulk fuel tank due to explosion
hazards.
2. Substitution
Sometimes doing the same work in a less
hazardous way is possible.
Example; a hazardous chemical can be replaced with a
less hazardous one. Controls must protect workers from
any new hazards that are created.

3. Engineering Control
a. Redesign – jobs and processes can be
reworked to make them safer.
Example; container can be made easier to hold and lift.
b. Isolation – if a hazard cannot be eliminated
or replaced, it can sometimes be isolated, contained or
otherwise kept away from workers.
Example; an insulated and air-conditioned control room
can protect operators from a toxic chemical.
c. Automation – dangerous processes can be
automated or mechanized. Example; computer-
controlled robots can handle spot welding operations in
car plants. Care must be taken to protect workers from
robotic hazards.
d. Barriers – a hazard can be blocked before it
reaches workers.
Example; special curtains can prevent eye injuries from
welding arc radiation. Proper equipment guarding will
protect workers from contacting moving parts.
e. Absorption – baffles can block or absorb
noise. Lockout systems can isolate energy sources during
repair and maintenance. Usually, the further a control
keeps a hazard away from workers, the more effective it
is.
f. Dilution – some hazards can be diluted or

dissipated.
Example; ventilation systems can dilute toxic gasses
before they reach operators.
4. Administrative Controls
a. Safe Work Procedures (SWP) – workers
can be required to use standardized safety practices. The
employer is expected to ensure that workers follow these
practices. Work procedures must be periodically
reviewed with workers and updated.
b. Supervision and Training – initial training
on safe work procedures and refresher training should
be offered. Appropriate supervision to assist workers in
identifying possible hazards and evaluating work
procedures.
c. Job rotations and reschedule task – it can
reduce the time that workers are exposed to a hazard.
For example, workers can be rotated through jobs
requiring repetitive tendon and muscle movements to
prevent cumulative trauma injuries. Noisy processes can
be scheduled when no one is in the workplace.
d. Housekeeping, repair and maintenances
programs – housekeeping includes cleanings, waste
disposal and spill cleanup. Tools, equipment and
machinery are less likely to cause injury if they are kept
clean and well maintained.

e. Hygiene – hygiene practices can reduce the

risk of toxic materials being absorbed by workers or
carried home to their families. Street clothing should be
kept in separate lockers to avoid being contaminated by
work clothing. Eating areas must be segregated from
toxic hazards. Eating should be forbidden in toxic work
areas. Where applicable, workers should be required to
shower and change clothes at the end of the shift.
5. Personal Protective Equipment

- Personal Protective equipment (PPE) and
clothing is used when other controls measures are not
feasible and where additional protection is needed.
- Workers must be trained to use and maintain
equipment properly.
- The employer and workers must understand the
limitations of the personal protective equipment.
- The employer is expected to require workers to
use their equipment whenever it is needed.
- Care must be taken to ensure that equipment is
working properly.
- Otherwise, PPE may endanger a worker’s health
by providing an illusion of protection.

STEP 5: REVIEW RISK CONTROL EXIST
A review follow-up is always essential. Review is an

important aspect of any risk management process. It is
essential to review what has been done to ensure that
the controls put in place are effective.
Inspect, evaluate and monitor hazard controls during
inspections, routine maintenance, and other activities.
Ask the following questions;
a. have the risk controls exist solved the problem?
b. is any risk to workers posed by the risk controls
contained?
c. are all new hazards being identified?
d. are significant, new hazards appropriately controlled?
e. are accident reports being analyzed?
f. are any other risk control required?
(source: DOSH HIRARC Guidelines 2008)
Lastly, each HIRARC must be fully documented and

completed by using FCE HIRARC Register Form.
(Appendix A)

3.0 EXAMPLES OF HIRARC REGISTER

Example 3.1: HIRARC Register for Concrete Lab
FCE - HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & RISK CONTROL ( HIRARC ) REGISTER
Function / Department : Structural Division
Title of Activity : Slump Test
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Habibullah (PJ)
Job performed by : Student Section : Concrete Lab
Prepared by / Date : Aliah Binti Abu / 10 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Daliah Hasan / 15 Sept. 2017 Approved by / Date : Anas Ibrahim / 16 Sept. 2017
RISK CONTROL
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT
Recommendation
Recommended Risk Person in Charge/Due
No. Sub-Activity Type Hazard Effect Existing Risk Control L S RPN = LxS RC Control date/ Status
1. prepare SWP for slump
Carpel test.
Aliah / 10 Oct. 17/ in
Vibration tunnel Fabric Glove, Lab manual 3 3 9 II 2. Implementing task
progress
syndrome rotation and time limits on
this activity.
1 Prepare sample : Concrete mix R Hearing Aliah / 12 Sept. 17/
Noise none 4 4 16 III use ear plug
Impairment completed
Mineral dust cancer Fabric Glove, face mask N95 1 4 4 I Satisfied
sprain
heavy lifting Lab manual 4 3 12 II use small buckle (SWP)
muscle
Insert material into the mold of 3 Take frequent break
2 R Repeatitive works stress Lab manual 3 3 9 II
layers (SWP)
sprain Fabric Glove, Safety Boot, lab
3 Compact each layer R Lifting the rod 3 3 9 II SWP & buddy system
muscle manual
sprain Fabric Glove,Safety Boot,
4 Lift up the mold R Lifting the mould 3 3 9 II SWP & buddy system
muscle Lab manual
1. drink plenty of water
5 Measure the height of the collapse R Heat stress dehydrate none 5 2 10 II
2. Take frequent breaks
housekeeping (wipe up
6 Clean the all apparatus R Slip & fall (wet floor) injury Safety Boot 2 3 6 II
spills immediately)
Type of Activity
R = Routine Likelihood Description Risk Category

Risk Priority Number ( RPN ) Risk Level Action and Time Scale
NR = Non Routine 1 Inconceivable Is practically impossible and has never occurred ( RC )
2 Remote/unlikely Has not been known to occur after many years
A risk identified as LOW may be considered as acceptable
3 Conceivable M ight be occur at sometime in future and further reduction may not be necessary. However, if the
1- 4 I Tolerable risk can be resolved quickly and efficiently, control measures
4 Possible Has a good chance of occurring and is not unusual Should be implemented and recorded.
5 M ost likely The most likely result of the hazard/ event being relized
A M EDIUM risk requires a planned approach to

Severity of Harm ( S ) controlling the hazard and applies temporary measure if
5 - 12 II Significant required. Actions taken must be documented on the risk
assessment Form including date for completion.
Rating Nature of Injury / ill health Estimate loss (RM) UiTM Reputation
1 First Aid only < 10 Slightly effected
2 M inor injury (1day M C) < 100 Discussion at the management level A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the
3 M ajor injury (> 4 days M C) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients hazard as detailed in the hierarchy of control. Actions
15 - 25 III Intolerable taken must be Documented on the risk assessment
4 Permanent disability < 10,000 Becomes an issue among the public Universities
form Including date for completion.
5 Fatal > 10,000 Becomes an issue at the level of the M inistry of Higher Education

Example 3.2: HIRARC Register for Light Structure Lab
FCE-HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & CONTROL ( HIRARC ) REGISTER

Function / Department : STRUCTURAL DIVISION
Title of Activity : DEFLECTION OF FIXED END BEAM
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Habibullah (PJ)
Job performed by : Student Section : Concrete lab
Prepared by / Date : Hanum Binti Mohamad / 10 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Daliah Hasan / 18 Sept. 2017 Approved by / Date : Anas Ibrahim / 18 Sept. 2017
RISK CONTROL
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT Recommendation
Identify type of material for experiment.
Install material to existing support. Make
1 R
sure all the screws are
tightened.(depend on type of support) Falling Minor
lab manual, Safety shoes 2 2 4 I Satisfied
Object Injury
2 Install dial gauge and load hanger. R
Place load on the load hanger on the
3 R
material.
Repeatitive PJ / 14 Sept. 17/
4 Record reading at dial gauge. R stress lab manual 3 2 6 II Do by grouping
work completed
Falling Minor
5 Increase the load and record reading. R lab manual, safety shoes 2 2 4 I Satisfied
Object Injury
Repeat step 3 to 5 until complete the Repeatitive PJ / 14 Sept. 17/
6 R stress lab manual 3 2 6 II Do by grouping
experiments. work completed
Uninstall all apparatus and stacking Falling Minor
7 R lab manual, safety shoes 2 2 4 I Satisfied
neatly. Object Injury
Type of Activity
R = Routine Likelihood Description
Risk Priority Number ( RPN ) Risk Category Risk Level Action and Time Scale
NR = Non Routine
1 Inconceivable Is practically impossible and has never occurred ( RC )
3 Conceivable Might be occur at sometime in future No additional controls required. Monitoring required to
1- 4 I Tolerable
ensure existing controls are maintained.
4 Possible Has a good chance of occurring and is not unusual
5 Most likely The most likely result of the hazard/ event being relized
Efforts shall be made to reduce the risk.
Risk reduction measures should be implemented
Severity of Harm ( S )
5 - 12 II Significant within a defined time period.
2 Minor injury (1day MC) <100 Discussion amongst UiTM management level Work should not be started until the risk has been
3 Major injury (> 4 days MC) <1000 Be a customer inquiry reduced. Considerable resources may have to be
15 - 25 III Intolerable
4 Permanent disability <10,000 Be a question amongst Universities allocated to reduce the risk. Where the risk involves
5 Fatal >10,000 Be a KPT enquiry work in progress, urgent action must be taken.

Example 3.3: HIRARC Register for Heavy Structure Lab
Title of Activity : BENDING TEST ( REACTION FRAME )
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Faizul (PJ)
Job performed by : Student Section : Heavy Structure Lab

Checked by / Date : Rossefendy (JKKP) / 17 Sept. 2017 Approved by / Date : Anas Ibrahim / 17 Sept. 2017
Prepared by / Date : Wilson Wilfred / 12 Sep. 2017
RISK CONTROL
Recommended Control Person in Charge/Due date/
No. Sub-Activity Type Hazard Effect Existing Risk Control L S RPN = LxS RC Measure Status
major injury,
1 Switch on the machine & Computer R Short circuit electric Safety gloves / LAB MANUAL 1 4 4 I Satisfied
shock
Fallen object,( 1. Need provide SWP for 1. Faizul/ 10 Oct. 17/ in

Place the concrete sample on the major injury Safety gloves, LAB MANUAL,
2 R lifting by overhead 3 4 12 II whole process progress 2. Wilson/ 15 Sept.
machine on head safety helmet
crane) 2. Safety Shoes 17 / completed
Pieces and dust hit blind / minor Safety googles and safety
3 Test running until sample failed R 1 4 4 I Satisfied
eyes injury helmet/ LAB MANUAL
Safety gloves, googles, mask, Wilson/ 15 Sept. 17 /
4 Take out the sample after test R Falling object major injury 4 3 12 II safety shoes
LAB MANUAL, safety helmet completed
5 Measure the crack of the sample R Heat stress Dehydrate Ekzos(ventilation system) 2 2 4 I Satisfied
6 Clean the machine after used

Pieces and dust hit
blind, minor Safety gloves, googles, mask,
R arm, eyes, fingers 1 4 4 I Satisfied
injury LAB MANUAL
and fall
Place the failed sample in the provided
7
container
Type of Activity
NR = Non Routine
1 Inconceivable Is practically impossible and has never occurred ( RC )
2 Remote/unlikely Has not been known to occur after many years A risk identified as LOW may be considered as acceptable
and further reduction may not be necessary. However, if the
3 Conceivable M ight be occur at sometime in future
A M EDIUM risk requires a planned approach to controlling the

hazard and applies temporary measure if required. Actions taken
5 - 12 II Significant must be documented on the risk assessment Form including
date for completion.
2 M inor injury (1day M C) < 100 Discussion at the management level A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the hazard as
3 M ajor injury (> 4 days M C) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients detailed in the hierarchy of control. Actions taken must be
15 - 25 III Intolerable Documented on the risk assessment form Including date for
completion.

Example 3.4: HIRARC Register for Hydraulics Lab
Function / Department : Water Division
Title of Activity : Hydrometer Test
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Abdul Malek Ishak (PJ)
Job performed by : Student Section : Hydraulic Lab
Prepared by / Date : Faradiba Binti Fadhil / 6 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Suzana Ahmad (JKKP-FKA)/ 10 Sept. 17 Approved by / Date : Dr. Kay Dora Abdul Ghani (KPP FKA)/12 Sept. 17
RISK CONTROL
Recommendation
Recommended Risk Person in Charge/Due date/
No. Sub-Activity Type Hazard Effect Existing Risk Control L S RPN = LxS RC Control Status
Place tall glass cylinders on the flat
1 R
working surface
Fill with a liquid and allow air to rise to Faradiba/ 8 Sept. 17/
2 R Broken Glass injury lab manual, Safety glove 3 2 6 II Need wear Safety Shoes
the top Completed
Carefully insert the hydrometer and
3 allow it to settle in the centre of the R
cylinder.
Read the scale,after the hydrometer has
4 settled at the bottom of the free R
watersurface
Record the reading and take out the Musculoskelet
5 R Satisfied (Job rotation or
hydrometer. Repetitive works al disorder teamwork 2 2 4 I
frequent rest breaks)
Repeat the procedure (step 3 to 5) three (MSD)
6 R
times
Follow above procedure for other given
7 R
liquids also.
Compare specific gravities of the given
8 R rushing to finish the test Stress teamwork 2 1 2 I satisfied
liquids.
Type of Activity
R = Routine Rating Likeihood Description Risk Category

NR = Non Routine 1 Inconceivable Is practically impossible and has never occurred ( RC )
Conceivable and further reduction may not be necessary. However, if the
3 Might be occur at sometime in future 1- 4 I Tolerable risk can be resolved quickly and efficiently, control measures
A MEDIUM risk requires a planned approach to controlling

Severity of Harm ( S ) the hazard and applies temporary measure if required.
5 - 12 II Significant Actions taken must be documented on the risk assessment
Form including date for completion.
2 Minor injury (1day MC) < 100 Discussion at the management level A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the hazard
3 Major injury (> 4 days MC) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients as detailed in the hierarchy of control. Actions taken must be
completion.
5 Fatal > 10,000 Becomes an issue at the level of the Ministry of Higher Education

Example 3 5: HIRARC Register for Geotechnical Lab
Function / Department : Geotren Division
Title of Activity : JKR Probe Test
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Azrul Aswad (PJ)
Job performed by : Student Section : Geotechnics Lab
Prepared by / Date : Ali Bin Ahmad / 6 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Rozaini Ramli (JKKP-FKA)/ 10 Sept. 17 Approved by / Date : Dr. Kay Dora Abdul Ghani (KPP FKA)/12 Sept. 17
RISK CONTROL
Recommendation
1 Bring the JKR Probe set to site location. R Wrong lifting muscle pain None 3 2 6 II
1. SWP,
1. PJ / 6 Oct.17 / in progress
2. Safety briefing by
2 Assemble the JKR probe set up. R Hot environment Heat stress None 4 2 8 II 2. PJ / 8 Sept. 2017/
instructor before
completed
experiment started.
3 mark 300 mm mark on proving rod. R Direct sun exposure Dehydrate None 4 2 8 II
4 Keep the set up vertically R hit by Hammer injury Safety Shoes 1 2 2 I Satisfied
Lift the 5kg hammer up to the 280 mm

5 R Ergonomic back pain Teamwork 3 2 6 II Job rotation (SWP) 1. PJ / 6 Oct.17 / in progress
mark.
Let the weight fall freely. Repeat the act entanglement between
instructor before 1. PJ/ 8 Sept. 17/ completed
6 and go on counting the no. of blows R hammer and rod during Injury Lab Manual 4 2 8 II
experiment started. 2. Ali / 8 Sept. 17/ Completed
required for 300 mm penetration. weight fall freely.
2. Safety Glove
Repeat the step 4 and 5 for the next 300
7
mm penetration.
Determine the allowable Bearing R Repititive works stress Teamwork 2 2 4 I Satisfied
8 capacity using correlation chart for JKR
dynamic cone penetrometer.
1. SWP,
1. PJ / 6 Oct.17 / in progress
9 Clean & bring back all equipment to lab. R Wrong lifting musle pain None 3 2 6 II 2. PJ / 8 Sept. 2017/
instructor before
completed
experiment started.
Type of Activity
R = Routine Rating Likeihood Description
NR = Non Routine Inconceivable
1 Is practically impossible and has never occurred ( RC )
3 Conceivable Might be occur at sometime in future
A MEDIUM risk requires a planned approach to controlling the

2 Minor injury (1day MC) < 100 Discussion at the management level A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the hazard as
3 Major injury (> 4 days MC) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients detailed in the hierarchy of control. Actions taken must be
completion.

Example 3.6: HIRARC Register for Highway & Traffic Lab
Title of Activity : SKID RESISTANCE TEST
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Suzana Ahmad (PJ)
Job performed by : Lecturer Section : Highway and traffic Lab
Prepared by / Date : Daliah Binti Hasan / 6 September 2017 Checked by / Date : Mohd Rafe Abdul Majid / 11 Sep. 2017 Approved by / Date : Anas Ibrahim / 12 Sept. 2017
RISK CONTROL
Moving safety shoes & jacket/colour
major injury 1 3 3 I Satisfied
Bring the equipment at the site ( within traffic cone
1 R
UiTM Pulau Pinang) Wrong safety briefing before Daliah / 8 Sept. 17 /
back pain lab manual 3 2 6 II
lifting experiment Completed
Place equipment on the pavement / Moving safety shoe & jacket/colour
2 R major injury 1 3 3 I Satisfied
experiment location traffic cone
Setup the equipment ( Skid Resistance moving
3 R minor injury safety shoes / lab manual 1 3 3 I Satisfied
) of skid
Repeatit
4 Record the data (3 points) R stress lab manual, Team work 1 2 2 I Satisfied
ive
Moving Accident,
safety jacket/colour cone 1 3 3 I Satisfied
traffic major injury
5 Bring the equipment back to the lab R
Falling
injured Safety Shoes 2 2 4 I Satisfied
object
Type of Activity
R = Routine Likelihood Description Risk
Risk Priority Number ( RPN ) Category ( Risk Level Action and Time Scale
NR = Non Routine 1 Inconceivable Is practically impossible and has never occurred RC )
3 Conceivable Might be occur at sometime in future risk can be resolved quickly and efficiently, control
1- 4 I Tolerable
measures
Should be implemented and recorded.
A MEDIUM risk requires a planned approach to
controlling the hazard and applies temporary
Severity of Harm ( S ) measure if required. Actions taken must be
5 - 12 II Significant
documented on the risk assessment Form including
Rating Nature of Injury / il health Estimate loss (RM) UiTM Reputation date for completion.

2 Minor injury (1day MC) < 100 Discussion at the management level A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control
3 Major injury (> 4 days MC) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients the hazard as detailed in the hierarchy of control.
15 - 25 III Intolerable Actions taken must be Documented on the risk
assessment form Including date for completion.

Example 3.7: HIRARC Register for Geology Lab

Title of Activity : Point Load Test
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: En. Roseffendy Ramlan
Job performed by : Student Section : Geology Lab
Prepared by / Date : Ali Bin Amran / 6 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Rozaini Binti Ramli(JKKP-FKA) / 9 Sept. 2017 Approved by / Date : Anas Ibrahim (Ketua JKKP-FKA)/ 9 sept. 17
RISK CONTROL
RISK ASSESSMENT
Recommendation
Recommended Control
No. Sub-Activity Type Hazard Effect Existing Risk Control L S RPN = L x S RC Person in Charge/Due date/ Status
Measure
1. Mask N95
Silicosis / 1. Ali / 11 sept. 17 / completed
2. Prepare Safe Work
(i) Mineral dust Lung Lab Manual 4 4 16 III 2. Rossefendy / 10 Oct. 17 / in
Procedure (SWP) for Point
For diametral test, core the sample so Cancer progress
load test.
1 that the length should be more than 0.5
of the depth or (L>0.5D)
(ii) flying object (small Rossefendy / 11 sept. 17 /
Injury Lab Manual, Fabric Glove 4 2 8 II Goggle / full mask shield
crush rock) Completed
R Satisfied. Display "wet

(iii) wet floor (slip & fall) Injury housekeeping 2 2 4 I
Floor" signs as needed.
For block test, cut samples into cubical

rectangle shape with length more than Carpal Implementing task rotation
2 0.5 of its drpth (L>0.5D) and the dpeth (iv)core bit (vibration) tunnel Lab Manual, Fabric Glove 3 4 12 II and time limits on this Ali / 11 sept. 17 / completed
should less than the width but lesser syndrome activity.
than 0.3 of the width (0.3W<D<W).
Hearing
(v)noise impairme Lab Manual, Ear plug 1 4 4 I Satisfied.
nt
Slowly level the platens to avoid apply

tilting of sample (falling Lab Manual, Fabric Glove,
3 any pressure or force to specimen R injury 3 1 3 I Satisfied
object) safety shoes
before the test.
flying rock due to small

4 Push the plunger R Injury Goggle, safety shoes 3 1 3 I Satisfied
explosion
Type of Activity

Is practically impossible and has never occurred Risk Category
NR = Non Routine 1 Inconceivable ( RC )
Has not been known to occur after many years

2 Remote/unlikely A risk identified as LOW may be considered as acceptable
M ight be occur at sometime in future 1- 4 I Tolerable risk can be resolved quickly and efficiently, control measures
3 Conceivable Should be implemented and recorded.
A M EDIUM risk requires a planned approach to controlling the hazard and

Severity of Harm ( S ) applies temporary measure if required. Actions taken must be
5 - 12 II Significant
documented on the risk assessment Form including date for completion.
2 M inor injury (1day M C) < 100 Discussion at the management level
3 M ajor injury (> 4 days M C) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the hazard as detailed in
15 - 25 III Intolerable the hierarchy of control. Actions taken must be Documented on the risk
assessment form Including date for completion.

Example 3.8: HIRARC Register for Building Services lab
Function / Department : CEPM Division
Title of Activity : Fire Alarm System
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Nurul Nor Fazlina (PJ)
Job performed by : Student Section : Building Services Lab
Prepared by / Date : Amin Bin Abdul Halim / 8 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Rozaini Ramli (JKKP-FKA)/ 10 Sept. 17 Approved by / Date : Dr. Kay Dora Abdul Ghani (KPP FKA)/12 Sept. 17
RISK CONTROL
1 Switch on the Fire Alarm Training Unit
Activate the test key provided at the

2 R Electric shock Electrocution proper plug 1 3 3 I Satisfied
breakglass
3 Open the magnetic contact
Open the cover of the motion sensor

4 and create the movement in front of the R Rushing to finish the test Stress Teamwork 2 1 2 I Satisfied
sensor
Apply heat by using hair dryer on the experiment isolate by
5 R Heat skin burn 1 2 2 I Satisfied
heat sensor fiberglass
Apply smoke by using smoke tester on experiment isolate by

6 R smoke asthma 1 2 2 I Satisfied
the smoke sensor fiberglass
7 Push the emergency/ panic button

R Electric shock Electrocution proper plug 1 3 3 I Satisfied
Switch off of the main switch of training
8
unit.
Type of Activity
3 Conceivable Might be occur at sometime in future

the hazard and applies temporary measure if required.
Rating Nature of Injury / il health Estimate loss (RM) UiTM Reputation
completion.

Example 3 9: HIRARC Register for Environmental Lab

Function / Department : Water Division
Title of Activity : Coliform Test
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Md. Faizal Zakaria (Science Asst. Officer)
Job performed by : Student Section : Environmental Lab
Prepared by / Date : Kamal Bin Kassim / 6 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Suzana (JKKP-FKA)/ 10 Sept. 17 Approved by / Date : Dr. Kay Dora Abdul Ghani (KPP FKA)/12 Sept. 17
RISK CONTROL
1 Power ON Tray Sealer

R Electric Shock Electrocution Proper plug 1 3 3 I Satisfied
2 Power ON incubator (35°C)
Pour 100 mL water sample into sample

3
container
Snap 1 Colilert Reagent and pour into

4
the same container
Cap tight and shake vigorously untill all

5
Colilert reagent dissolved
Nitrile glove, latex glove,
R Spill dermatitis spill kit , safety glass , N95 2 2 4 I Satisfied
Discard Colilert Reagent snap pack into mask
6
designated bin
Pour (water sample + colilert reagent)

7
into QuantiTray
Discard sample container into

8
designated bin
9 Seal QuantiTray using Tray Sealer R
Heat skin burn safety Heat Glove 3 1 3 I Satisfied

Transfer sealed Quantitray into
10 R
incubator (incubate for 24 hours)
11 Turn OFF Tray Sealer
After 24 hours, observe Quantitray using

12 R Electric Shock Electrocution Proper plug 1 3 3 I Satisfied
UV lamp
13 Turn OFF Incubator and UV Lamp
Type of Activity
Remote/unlikely A risk identified as LOW may be considered as acceptable

2 Has not been known to occur after many years
3 Conceivable M ight be occur at sometime in future risk can be resolved quickly and efficiently, control measures
1- 4 I Tolerable
Possible Should be implemented and recorded.
4 Has a good chance of occurring and is not unusual
A M EDIUM risk requires a planned approach to controlling the

2 M inor injury (1day M C) < 100 Discussion at the management level A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the hazard as
3 M ajor injury (> 4 days M C) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients detailed in the hierarchy of control. Actions taken must be
completion.

Example 3.10: HIRARC Register for Computer Lab Works
Title of Activity : Using computer
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Azri (Computer Assistant)
Job performed by : Student Section : Computer Lab
RISK CONTROL
long hour of seating back pain none 4 2 8 I ergonomic chair Ali / 10.1.18/ KIV
rest for every 2 hrs (include
1 Use of Computer R repeatitive work Stress / RSI none 4 2 8 I
in SWP)
Ali / 10.10.17/ in progress
Radiation cancer none 2 4 8 I Ali / 10.10.17/ in progress
in SWP)
Prepare SWP for whole
Radiation Eye sore Manual instruction 3 3 9 I Ali / 10.10.17/ in progress
process
2 Printing R
hit by falling object injury Housekeeping 2 2 4 I satisfied
Type of Activity

NR = Non Routine Inconceivable Risk Category
Remote/unlikely A risk identified as LOW may be considered as acceptable

2 Has not been known to occur after many years and further reduction may not be necessary. However, if the
Conceivable 1- 4 I Tolerable risk can be resolved quickly and efficiently, control measures
3 Might be occur at sometime in future
Should be implemented and recorded.

Severity of Harm ( S ) 5 - 12 II Significant Actions taken must be documented on the risk assessment
completion.

EXAMPLE 3.11: HIRARC Register for Surveying Practical
Title of Activity : Traverse Surveying
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Amer Khomeny (Lecturer)
Job performed by : Lab Assistant Engineer (PJ) Section : Surveying Lab
Prepared by / Date : Mohd Saleh / 6 Sept. 2017 Checked by / Date : Mohd Rafe Abdul Majid (JKKP-FKA) / 12 Sep.17 Approved by / Date : Anas Ibrahim (Ketua JKKP-FKA) / 13 Sep. 2017
RISK CONTROL
heavy load back pain Team work 2 2 4 I Satisfied

1 Bring the survey equipment to site R
hit by falling object injury instruction from PJ/ lecturer 4 2 8 II safety shoes PJ / 9/10/17/ completed
long hour of stand back pain Team work 3 1 3 I Satisfied
repeatitive work Stress Team work 2 2 4 I Satisfied

2 Setup equipment R
safety briefing from
Heat stress dehydrate none 4 2 8 II Drink a plenty of water lecturer/ PJ in first week
of class
repeatitive work stress Team work 2 2 4 I Satisfied PJ / 9/9/17 (on progress)

3 Observation works R safety briefing from
Heat stress dehydrate none 4 2 8 II Drink a plenty of water lecturer/ PJ in first week
of class
heavy load injury Team work 2 2 4 I Satisfied
Bring the survey equipment to survey
4 R
lab hit by falling object injury instruction from PJ/ lecturer 4 2 8 II safety shoes PJ / 9/10/17/ completed
Type of Activity
NR = Non Routine Inconceivable Is practically impossible and has never occurred
1 ( RC )
Might be occur at sometime in future and further reduction may not be necessary. However, if the
3 Conceivable
A MEDIUM risk requires a planned approach to

controlling the hazard and applies temporary measure if
5 - 12 II Significant required. Actions taken must be documented on the risk
assessment Form including date for completion.
2 Minor injury (1day MC) < 100 Discussion at the management level A HIGH risk requires immediate action to control the
3 Major injury (> 4 days MC) < 1000 Becomes an issue to the clients hazard as detailed in the hierarchy of control. Actions
15 - 25 III Intolerable taken must be Documented on the risk assessment
form Including date for completion.

Example3.12: HIRARC Register for Office Works
Function / Department : Office
Title of Activity : Office Work
Legal : ACT 514 / ACT 139 / ACT302 / ACT 127 Assessor: Nil
Job performed by : Student Section : Ruang Pejabat Ting. 6 Kompleks perdana, UiTMPP
RISK CONTROL
Recommendation
Prepare SWP for whole
Radiation Eye sore Manual instruction 3 3 9 I Ali / 10.10.17/ in progress
1 Photocopying, binding, printing & faxing R process
hit by falling object injury Housekeeping 2 2 4 I satisfied
long hour of seating back pain none 4 2 8 I ergonomic chair Ali / 10.1.18/ KIV
2 Use of Computer R repeatitive work Stress / RSI none 4 2 8 I
in SWP)
Ali / 10.10.17/ in progress
Radiation cancer none 2 4 8 I Ali / 10.10.17/ in progress
in SWP)
3 Filing R hit by falling object injury Housekeeping 4 1 4 I satisfied
4 Pantry NR Electric shock electrocution proper plug 2 2 4 I satisfied
5 Wash room R Wet floor (slip & fall) injury none 4 3 12 I put anti-slip mat + signage Ali / 10.10.17/ in progress
6
Type of Activity
Conceivable and further reduction may not be necessary. However, if the
3 Might be occur at sometime in future

completion.

REFERENCES
List of references
1. DOSH (2008), Guidelines for HIRARC

2. Malaysia ACT 514 (Occupational Safety and Health
Act (1994)).
3. Manual Keselamatan Dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan UiTM
(2016), Unit Pengurusan Risiko, UiTM Malaysia.

Appendix A
FCE HIRARC REGISTER FORM

Appendix B
EXAMPLES OF WORKPLACE HAZARDS
Hazard Workplace
(Unsafe Condition / unsafe Act)
Effects/ Consequences
broken chair fall & injury
poor lighting slip, trip & fall
sharp edge injury
heat stress dehydrate
wrong lifting back pain
noise Hearing impairment
repetitive works stress
faulty equipment stress, injury
overload job stress
wet floor slip & fall, injury
uneven floor trip & fall, injury
light from computer (radiation) Eye sore
demotivated stress
Working alone Stress / injury
Electric shock Skin burn
Working at height Fall
Heavy load Back pain
Mineral dust Lung cancer/ Silicosis

Appendix C
EXAMPLE OF SAFE WORK PROCEDURE (SWP)
Title: Safe Work Procedure FKA-EVT-2017

(SWP)
Authorised By: SHO
Issue Date: 10 Jan. 2017 Page Number: 1 of 1

Last Reviewed: June 2017
Next Review Date: June 2018
DO NOT use this machine/equipment unless you have been trained in

its safe use and operation.


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e-BOOK

i HIRARC GUIDELINES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PROGRAM

Copyright@ 2017 by the Universiti Teknologi

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may

e-ISBN NO. 978-967-0841-26-7

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

First and foremost, all praises be to Allah the

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

3 EXAMPLES OF HIRARC REGISTER 22

APPENDIX A FCE HIRARC Form 36

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

FCE Faculty of Civil Engineering, UiTMCPP

DOSH Department of Occupational Safety and health

OSH Occupational Safety and Health

OSHA 1994 Occupational of Safety and Health Act (ACT 514)

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

SDS Safety Data Sheet

SWP Safe Work Procedure

SOSHco Sub-Occupational Safety and Health Committee

UiTM Universiti Teknologi MARA

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

Dr Kay Dora Abd Ghani

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

1.0 HIRARC MATTERS

What is Objectives of HIRARC?

 Evaluate the Risk

 Suggest Risk Controls to Organization

 Implementing Risk Controls, and

 Review Risk Controls

What is Basic Component of HIRARC?

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

4. Review of Exist Risk Control

Why HIRARC is Important?

Who Can Conduct HIRARC?

When We Need to Conduct HIRARC?

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

Where to Conduct HIRARC?

How to conduct HIRARC?

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

2.0 PROCESS OF HIRARC

The process of HIRARC start from classify activities,

Classify activities/ work/ task

Assess the risk

Select risk control

Review the risk control exist

*Note: All the process of HIRARC documented in FCE

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

STEP 1: CLASSIFY ACTIVITIES WORK

How to classify the activities work?

The work activities selected for HIRARC register must be:

2. not too small e.g. fixing a nut; or

3. defined task e.g. loading, packing, mixing,

fixing the door

The workplace selected for HIRARC Register must be:

1. Specific area – Concrete Lab, IDP Office,

Safety and Health Committee Faculty of Civil Engineering,

3. Easy to in and exit