LABORATORY 9, GENETICS

LAB OBSERVATION
DATE: 07/11/23, 08/11/23
NAME: Angelique Trejo
Answer the following questions on the virtual DNA extraction activity. Total Points=20
a. What is in the lysis solution used in the virtual lab and what is its role in DNA
extraction? 4 points
The lysis solution consists of two components, a detergent and an enzyme named
proteinase k. The role of the lysis solution is to burst cells open and release DNA.
b. What is the function of the salt solution? 3 points
Salt solution causes protein and cellular debris to clump together during DNA extraction.
c. Why is centrifugation needed after the addition of salt solution? 3 points
Centrifugation is needed for the clumps of protein and cellular debris formed, due to
addition of salt, to sink.
d. Why is another Eppendorf tube required when centrifuging? 2 points
When centrifuging another Eppendorf tube is required for the centrifuge to be balanced.
e. What is the role of alcohol or ethanol in DNA extraction? 3 points
The role of alcohol in DNA extraction is to separate the DNA from the solution, this
occurs because DNA is insoluble in alcohol. Allows DNA to now be visible to the naked
eye.
f. What is the purpose of the second centrifugation step? 3 points
The second centrifugation step causes the DNA to sink to the bottom of the tube so the
liquid can be removed. It is to separate the DNA from the liquid.
g. Explain any two applications of DNA extraction. 2 points
Analysis of forensics- uses DNA extraction to help solve crimes (criminal investigations).
At the scene of a crime samples such as hair, skin, nail, blood and
much more can be found. These are collected and taken to the lab
for testing and data collected. Used to prove someone's
innocence, guilt or identify the persons that were at the scene of
the crime.
Body Identification- uses DNA extraction to figure out the identity of a body found with no
form of identification often classified as Jane/John Doe. Tests are
done on the body found and cross analysis of their database may
find a DNA sample that matches.