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BIOCHEM, Hormones (Reviewer)
BIOCHEM, Hormones (Reviewer)
ROLE OF HORMONES
- Term ng hormones first coined by Bayliss and MOST DELIVERY OF HORMONES
Starling in 1905, derived sa greek word hormaein,
- H, were classically described as being secreted into
meaning to arouse ( although hormonal effects can
the bloodstream by ductless glands, however, na
be both stimulatory and inhibitory ).
realized ngayon na hormones reached their target
- So, ang hormone ay chemical substance that is cells by a variety ng methods.
secreted by specialized epithelial cells, without the
benefit of duct, into the extracellular space ( and Autocrine Delivery - chemical message released acts
from here into the bloodstream ), and which can act sa cells that synthesized it, EX. ( 'ung prostaglandin,
at long or short range, often mabagal, sa specific iniistimulates 'ung myometrial cells that produce it.
organs and tissues.
Paracrine Delivery - chemical message of hormone
- Hormones possibly control the function ng every na released into the extracellular space acts on
cell sa katawan natin, naga-act sila as chemical neighboring or distance cells, EX. ( Insulin secreted sa
messengers, allowing cells in different parts ng pancreas acts on neighboring cells to inhibit the
katawan to coordinate their activities. secretion ng hormone glucagon ;
- antagonist ay hormone or analogue that binds sa receptor and elicits the normal
biological response.
- a molecule na nagp-prevent ng normal response, either by binding sa hormone
receptor and blocking the hormone from binding or by blocking the signal
transduction
Direct Receptor Block - nag-bind 'ung antagonist sa same site as hormone, para
ma-prevent 'ung hormone from binding
Indirect Receptor Block - also known as allosteric receptor block, 'ung antagonist
nagb-binds sa another (allosteric) site on the receptor protein, causing a change
sa confomation so that the hormone can no longer bind as its usual site
Direct Signal Block - 'ung antagonist bina-block 'ung signal after it has been
generated by the normal hormone-receptor interaction