CLASS XII HHW: ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE, CURRENT ELECTRICITY.

ENGLISH
An uncharged insulated conductor A is brought near a charged insulated conductor B. What happens to charge and potential
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of B?
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2 What is the work done in moving a test charge q through a distance of 1 cm along the equatorial axis of an electric dipole? 1

3 Why is electrostatic potential constant throughout the volume of the conductor and has the same value (as inside) on its
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surface?

4 If a point charge +q is taken first from A to C and then from C to B of a circle drawn with another point charge +q at centre,

then along which path more work will be done?

5 A uniform electric field E exists between two charged plates as shown in figure. What would be the work done in moving a

charge q along the closed rectangular path ABCDA?

6 Why does the electric field inside a dielectric decrease when it is placed in an external electric field? 1

7 For what position of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field its potential energy is (i) minimum and (ii) maximum? 1

8 If electric field at a point equals to zero, must the electric potential at that point be zero? 1

9 Figure given below shows three points A, B and C in a uniform electrostatic field. At which of the points will the electric 1
 potential be maximum ?

10 A metal plate is introduced between the plates of a charged parallel plate capacitor. What is its effect on the capacitance of the
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capacitor?

11 The following graph shows the variation of charge Q, with voltage V, for two capacitors K and L. In which capacitor is more

electrostatic energy stored?

12 A 500 μC charge is at the centre of a square of side 10 cm. Find the work done in moving a charge of 10 μC between two
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diagonally opposite points on the square.

13 Plot a graph showing the variation of resistance of a conducting wire as a function of its radius, keeping the length of the wire
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and its temperature as constant.

14 V–I graph for a metallic wire at two different temperatures T1 and T2 is as shown in the figure. Which of the two temperatures is
higher and why?

15 The emf of a cell is always greater than its terminal voltage. Why? Give reason. 1

16 Two wires of equal length, one of copper and the other of manganin have the same resistance. Which wire is thicker? 1
17 The electron drift arises due to the force experienced by electrons in the electric field inside the conductor. But force should
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cause acceleration. Why then do the electrons acquire a steady average drift speed?

18 The electron drift speed is estimated to be only a few mm s–1 for currents in the range of a few amperes? How then is current
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established almost the instant a circuit is closed?

19 Show variation of resistivity of copper as a function of temperature in a graph. 1

20 Two identical cells, each of emf E, having negligible internal resistance r, are connected in parallel with each other across an
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external resistance R. What is the current through this resistance?

21 The plot of the variation of potential difference across a combination of three identical cells in series, versus current is as
shown here. What is the emf of each cell?

22 Out of V – I graph for parallel and series combination of two metallic resistors, which one represents parallel combination of
resistors? Justify your answer.

23 Find an expression for the potential at a point due to a point charge Q. 2

24 How does electric potential vary from point to point due to a thin charged spherical shell? Draw a graph showing variation of
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potential with distance.

25 Draw a plot showing the variation of (i) electric field (E and (ii) electric potential (V) with distance r due to a point charge Q. 2

26 What is an electrostatic shielding? What is its practical importance? 2

27 What is a capacitor? Write its two uses. 2

28 If one of the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is given –Q charge, then depict the charges appearing on all the surfaces of a
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parallel plate capacitor.

29 Define ‘dielectric constant’ of a medium. Briefly explain why the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor increases, on
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introducing a dielectric medium between the plates.

30 The given graph shows that variation of charge q versus potential difference V for two capacitors C1 and C2. The two
capacitors have same plate separation but the plate area of C2 is double than that of C1. Which of the lines in the graph

correspond to C1 and C2 and why?

31 Two identical parallel plates (air) capacitors C1 and C2 have capacitances C each. The space between their plates is now filled
with dielectrics as shown. If the two capacitors still have equal capacitance, obtain the relation between dielectric constants K,

K1 and K2.

32 2
There is a point charge Q at a distance from the centre of a circle of radius R. Another point charge q is to be moved from
A to B, where A and B are two points on the circle diametrically opposite to each other. How
 much work is done by the electrostatic force exerted by Q on q?

33 What is the net capacitance between A and B of this combination?

34 The energy of a capacitor varying with its capacitance is shown by two graphs (i) and (ii). Find in which of the graphs: (a)

charge is constant, and (b) potential difference is constant.

35 (a) You are required to select a carbon resistor of resistance 47 kW ± 10% from a large collection. What should be the
sequence of colour bands used to code it ? 2
(b) Write two characteristics of manganin which make it suitable for making standard resistances.

36 Define mobility of electron in a conductor. How does electron mobility change when (i) temperature of conductor is decreased 2
 and (ii) applied potential difference is doubled at constant temperature?

37 In the meter bridge experiment, balance point was observed at J with AJ = l.

(i) The values of R and X were doubled and then interchanged. What would be the new position of balance point?
(ii) If the galvanometer and battery are interchanged at the balance position, how will the balance point get affected?

38 State the principle on which the working of a meter bridge is based. Under what condition is the error in determining the
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unknown resistance minimised?

39 Calculate the resistance across the points M and N in the given figure.

40 Two students X and Y perform an experiment on potentiometer separately using the circuit given below.

Keeping other parameters unchanged, how will the position of the null point be affected if
(i) X increases the value of resistance R in the set-up by keeping the key K1 closed and the key K2 open?
(ii) Y decreases the value of resistance S in the set-up, while the key K2 remains open and the key K1 closed.

41 2
Define drift velocity. Write its relationship with relaxation time in terms of the electric field applied to a conductor.
A potential difference V is applied to a conductor of length L. How is the drift velocity
 affected when V is doubled and L is halved?

42 Three concentric metallic shells A, B and C of radii a, b and c (a < b < c) have surface charge densities + σ, – σ and + σ
respectively as shown in the figure.

If shells A and C are at the same potential, then obtain the relation between the radii a, b, c.

43 Find the ratio of the potential differences that must be applied across the parallel and the series combination of two capacitors
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C1 and C2 with their capacitances in the ratio 1 : 2 so that the energy stored in the two cases, becomes the same.

44 Two air-filled capacitors C1 and C2 of capacitances 2C and C are connected in series to a battery as shown below. (a) Find
across which capacitor, the potential difference is high. (b) Draw the graph for variation of potential with distance from A to B.
(c) If a dielectric of constant 2 is filled completely in the air gap of second capacitor, then what will be the final ratio of charge,

potential difference and energy stored by each capacitor.

45 A cell of emf ε and internal resistance r is connected across a variable load resistor R. Draw the plots of the terminal voltage V
versus (i) R and (ii) the current I.
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It is found that when R = 4 Ω, the current is 1 A and when R is increased to 9 Ω, the current reduces to 0.5 A. Find the values
of the emf e and internal resistance r.

46 In the given circuit in the steady state, obtain the expressions for 3
 (a) the potential drop
(b) the charge and
(c) the energy stored in the capacitor, C.

47 (i) State the principle of working of a meter bridge.

(ii) In a meter bridge balance point is found at a distance l1 with resistances R and S as shown in the figure.
When an unknown resistance X is connected in parallel with the resistance S, the balance point shifts to a distance l2. Find the
expression for X in terms of l1, l2 and S.

48 Two heating elements of resistances R1 and R2 when operated at a constant supply of voltage, V, consume powers P1 and P2
respectively. Deduce the expressions for the power of their combination when they are, in turn, connected in (i) series and (ii) 3
parallel across the same voltage supply.

49 Two cells of emfs ε1, ε2 and internal resistances r1 and r2 respectively are connected in parallel as shown in the figure. 3
Deduce the expression for
(i) the equivalent emf of the combination,
(ii) the equivalent resistance of the combination, and
(iii) the potential difference between the points A and B.
50 (a) State the Kirchoff ’s law.
(b) A battery of 10V and negligible internal resistance is connected across the diagonally opposite corners of a cubical network
consisting of 12 resistors each of resistance 1Ω in figure. Determine the equivalent resistance of the network and the current
along each edge of the cube.

51 Calculate the resistance in the given figure across M and N.

52 (a) Two isolated metal spheres A and B have radii R and 2R respectively, and same charge q. Find which of the two spheres 5
 have greater: (i) capacitance and (ii) energy density just outside the surface of the spheres. (b) (i) Show that the equipotential
surfaces are closed together in the regions of strong field and far apart in the regions of weak field. Draw equipotential

surfaces for an electric dipole. (ii) Concentric equipotential surfaces due to a charged body
placed at the centre are shown. Identify the polarity of the charge and draw the electric field lines due to it.

53
(a) Deduce the expression for the potential energy of a system of two charges q1 and q2 located at and respectively in an
external electric field. (b) Three point charges, +Q, + 2Q and –3Q are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC of
side l. If these charges are displaced to the mid-points A1, B1 and C1 respectively, find the amount of the work done in shifting

the charges to the new locations.

54 (a) Define the term ‘drift velocity’ of charge carriers in a conductor. Obtain the expression for the current density in terms of 5
relaxation time.
(b) A 100 V battery is connected to the electric network as shown. If the power consumed in the 2 Ω resistor is
200 W, determine the power dissipated in the 5 Ω resistor.
55 Four capacitors are connected as shown in the figure. Calculate the equivalent capacitance between the points X and Y.

56 For what value of C does the equivalent capacitance between A and B is 1μF in the given circuit.

57 Two resistances 5Ω and 7Ω are joined as shown to two batteries of emf 2 V and 3 V. If the 3 V battery
is short circuited. What will be the current through 5Ω?

58 Using Kirchhoff’s rules, determine (i) the voltage drop across the unknown resistor R and (ii) the current flowing in the arm EF 4
 in the circuit as shown.

59 (i) Calculate the equivalent resistance of the given electrical network between points A and B.
(ii) Also calculate the current through CD and ACB, if a 10 V dc source is connected between A and B, and the value of R is
assumed as 2 Ω.

60 Calculate the steady current through a 2Ω resistor in the circuit shown below.

61 A dc supply of 120 V is connected to a large resistance X. A voltmeter of resistance 10 kΩ placed in series in the circuit reads
4 V. What is the value of X? What is the purpose behind using a voltmeter instead of an ammeter, to determine the large 4
resistance X ?

62 A 24 V battery of internal resistance 1.5 Ω is connected to three coils 18 Ω, 9 Ω and 6 Ω in parallel, a resistor of 3.5 Ω and a 4
 reversed battery (emf = 12 V and internal resistance = 3 Ω) as shown. Calculate (i) the current in the circuit, (ii) current in
resistor of 18 Ω coil, and (iii) p.d. across each battery.

63 Calculate the current shown by the ammeter A in the circuit diagram given below.

64 The electric potential V at any point O (x, y, z all in metres) in space is given by V = 4x 2 volt. The electric field at the point (1 m,
0, 2 m) in volt/metre is
(a) 8 along negative x−axis
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(b) 8 along positive x−axis
(c) 16 along negative x−axis
(d) 16 along positive z−axis

65 If a unit positive charge is taken from one point to another over an equipotential surface, then 1
(a) work is done on the charge.
(b) work is done by the charge.
(c) work done is constant.
 (d) no work is done.

66 The electrostatic force between the metal plates of an isolated parallel plate capacitor C having a charge Q and area A, is
(a) proportional to the square root of the distance between the plates.
(b) linearly proportional to the distance between the plates. 1
(c) independent of the distance between the plates.
(d) inversely proportional to the distance between the plates.

67 Figure shows the electric lines of force emerging from a charged body. If the electric field at A and B are E A and EB

respectively and if the displacement between A and B is r then

68 When there is an electric current through a conducting wire along its length, then an electric field must exist
(a) outside the wire but normal to it.
(b) outside the wire but parallel to it. 1
(c) inside the wire but parallel to it.
(d) inside the wire but normal to it.

69

The figure below shows currents in a part of electric circuit. The current i is ___________.
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The current in the given circuit will be ________.

71 The figure shows a network of current and the magnitude of current. The current I will be ________.

72 Kirchhoff’s junction rule is a reflection of

(a) conservation of current density vector.
(b) conservation of potential.
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(c) the fact that the momentum with which a charged particle approaches a junction is unchanged (as a vector) as the charged
particle leaves the junction.
(d) the fact that there is no accumulation of charges at a junction.

73 1

The magnitude and direction of the current in the circuit shown will be (a) 7/ 3A from
a to b through e
(b) 7/3A from b to a through e
(c) 1 A from b to a through e
(d) 1 A from a to b through e