SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY

2820/2821 AR315/D
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 03
1st SEMESTER A.Y. 2023-2024

RSW 04
“Roof Framing System,
Basement Construction & Waterproofing,
Concrete Columns and Walls”
NOVEMBER 16 ,2023

Group Members:
BINBINON, Aiza Kate D.
GARCIA, Almarie C.
MEMBRERE, Natasha Angela D.
PIGAO, Alainstair Roe
VALLES, Ashely Gale L.
WANGAG, RJ Brian U.
ROOF FRAMING SYSTEM

A roof framing plan is a scaled layout or a diagram of a proposed roof development, including the
dimensions of the entire structure, measurements, shape, design, and placement of all the
materials, wires, drainage, ventilation, slopes, and more.

The main goal of the roof framing plan is to aid both contractor and manufacturer take valid
measurements and determining construction feasibility and material needs for construction
projects.

PARTS OF A ROOF FRAME

RAFTERS
A rafter is a structural element utilized in the construction of a roof. It usually goes from the roof's
ridge or hip to the external wall plate. Rafters are typically laid in a succession, side by side, to
provide a foundation for roof decks, roof coverings, and other items.
RIDGE BOARD
A ridge board joins the rafters' upper ends, constituting the triangle's apex. Typically, a ceiling joist
spanning from opposite exterior walls connects the lower ends of the rafters, forming the base and
completing the triangle.

COLLAR TIE
A collar tie is a horizontal element that connects two rafters. Collar ties are frequently employed
as structural components, but they can also frame a ceiling.

CEILING JOIST
The horizontal structural members that span your ceiling and are responsible for transferring roof
loads to vertical members are ceiling joists. The structure would collapse if these parts were not
there.
TAIL
The tail is the portion of the rafter that extends beyond the wall of the building to form the eave.

TYPES OF ROOF FRAMING

There are two practices of framing a roof - stick framing, and truss framing. Stick processes are an
older practice yet viral, and roof trusses are now being adapted to constructing new homes.

STICK FRAMING
In stick framing, the top beam or the ridge is the central and essential part of the structure
connected to individual rafters. To completely cover the structure, some more boards are placed
horizontally. Stick framing is used on those buildings with cathedral ceilings, attic rooms, or areas for
storage because they form an open triangle shape between the ceiling joists and rafters. Stick
framing can be easily changed and manipulated later if needed by either changing up the space,
removing an attic floor to construct a more open room or other modeling plans.
TRUSS FRAMING
In truss framing, roofs are constructed using gable and hip roofs. They are constructed before
installation by constructing triangle forms that are strengthened with many other wood planks. If
you want an attic or a cathedral ceiling with a bottom base, truss framing won't work. Truss framing
is heavily reinforced, making it more solid and long-lasting than stick framing. They are easier to
install and do not require as much maintenance.
 REFERENCES
Comparing roof truss types. (n.d.). Build Your Own Home. https://www.homebuilderassist.com/roof-truss.html
Framing the American dream. (n.d.). Structural Building Components
Association. https://sbcindustry.com/fad
Roof framing plan: A complete guide. (n.d.). Edrawsoft. https://www.edrawmax.com/article/what-is-roof-
framing-plan.html
Thumb, & Hammer. (2020, January 25). The attic renovation: Installing collar ties. Thumb and
Hammer. https://www.thumbandhammer.com/attic-collar-ties/