‫ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺜﻴﺮوﻛﺴﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺛﺎث ﻳﻮد اﻟﺜﻴﺮوﻧﻴﻦ‬

‫ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ )اﻟﺜﻴﺮوﻛﺴﻴﻦ وﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻳﻮد‬

‫اﻟﺜﻴﺮوﻧﻴﻦ( ﻫﻲ ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت ﺗﻔﺮزﻫﺎ اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ‬
 ‫اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻲ‪[3][2][1].‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻳﻌﺪ اﻟﻴﻮد ﻋﻨﺼﺮا ﻫﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻐﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ‪ .‬اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﻟﻬﺮﻣﻮن اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺪم ﻫﻮ اﻟﺜﻴﺮوﻛﺴﻴﻦ )‪ ،(T4‬اﻟﺬي ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻓﺘﺮة ﻋﻤﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺼﻒ أﻃﻮل ﻣﻦ ‪ .T3‬ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ‪ T4‬إﻟﻰ ‪ T3‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪم ﺗﻘﺪر ﺑﺤﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 20‬إﻟﻰ ‪ .1‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ‪ T4‬إﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ T3‬اﻟﻨﺸﻂ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ "اﻻﻧﺰﻳﻢ اﻟﻨﺎزع ﻟﻴﻮد‬
‫اﻟﻴﻮدوﺗﻴﺮوزﻳﻦ"‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ زﻳﺎدة ﻣﻌﺪل اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼب‬
‫اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ )‪ ،(Basal metabolic rate‬وﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻊ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﻌﻈﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ )ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ ﻫﺮﻣﻮن اﻟﻨﻤﻮ(‪ ،‬وﻧﻀﻮج اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وزﻳﺎدة ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﻟﻠﻜﺎﺗﻴﻜﻮﻻﻣﻴﻨﺎت‬
 ‫ ﺗﻨﻈﻢ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻬﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت أﻳﻀﺎ‬.(‫)ﻣﺜﻞ اﻷدرﻳﻨﺎﻟﻴﻦ‬
،‫ واﻟﺪﻫﻮن‬،‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﺮوﺗﻴﻦ‬
‫ ﻫﻨﺎك اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬.‫ واﻟﻔﻴﺘﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎت‬،‫واﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪرات‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺒﻬﺎت اﻟﻔﺴﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﺮﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
.‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬
Polak, M.; Luton, D. (2014). "Fetal .1
thyroïdology". Best Practice &
Research Clinical Endocrinology &
Metabolism. 28 (2): 161–173.
.doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2013.04.013
preferred thyroid hormone --" .2
Levothyroxine Sodium (Synthroid,
Levoxyl, Levothroid, Unithroid)",
‫ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‬Retrieved on 2009-3-27
‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ واي ﺑﺎك‬2017 ‫ ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ‬19 ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬
.‫ﻣﺸﻴﻦ‬
Venturi, Sebastiano (2014). "Iodine, .3
PUFAs and Iodolipids in Health and
Disease: An Evolutionary
Perspective". Human Evolution-. 29
.(1–3): 185–205. ISSN 0393-9375

‫ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻷﺣﻴﺎء‬

‫ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎء‬
‫ﺑﻮاﺑﺔ ﻃﺐ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻛﻮﻣﻨﺰ ﺻﻮر‬
‫ ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت‬:‫وﻣﻠﻔﺎت ﻋﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﺪرﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻫﺬه ﺑﺬرة ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت أو ﺷﻲء ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ‪ .‬ﺷﺎرك ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

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