LITERATURE
Give the denotative meaning of each word listed
CAMBODIA
STORIES
1. THE CROCODILE AND THE FIVE JUDGES
VOCABULARY
 PITIFUL - full of commiseration, meanness
 PREJUDICE – preconceived judgment
 MISERIES – state of suffering
 INDESICIVE – not definite
 BRIBES – unjust bait
2. BED BUG AND THE LOUSE
VOCABULARY
 SWARMS OF BED BUGS - group of bed bugs
with large in number
 KINKY HAIR - natural hair texture in Africa;
frizzy hair
 LAUGHED MOCKINGLY - involves laughing at
someone unkindly
 END OF THE WORLD - finish; termination; end
time of everything
 CRUSHING WITH THUMBNAIL - ressing hard
between the nail of the thumb
3. TWO WOMEN SCRAMBLED FOR A BABY
VOCABULARY
A. Give the connotative meaning of the following
words.
1. Baby - the greatest source of joy inside a
family
2. Mother - the one who keeps the family tight
and cares for everyone, especially her
children
3. Impostor - a two-faced person
4. Judge - a man of justice
5. Home - a place of warmth, comfort, and
affection
B.
below:
1. Impostor - one that assumes false
identity or title for the purpose of
deception.
2. Snatched - hastily or ineffectually
attempt to seize (something).
3. Resembles - have qualities or
features, especially those of
appearance, in common with
(someone or something); look or
seem like.
4. Coincidental - happening or existing
at the same time.
5. Severely - causing great discomfort,
damage, or distress: a severe pain.
6. Pitied - to feel sadness or sympathy
for someone's unhappiness or
threatening situation
DENOTATION - is the lexical or dictionary meaning of
word
CONOTATION - is the implied or suggested meaning
associated with the word. In denotation, cellphone is
an electronic device while in connotation, it is a
communication or bonding.
LAOS
THERE IS NOT ONLY YOU
AUTHOR: Dara Kanlagna
TRANSLATED BY: Thanongsack Vongsackda
VOCABULARY
 WIDOWER – who lost a partner by death
 DESCENDANTS – origination from ancestors
 ANXIOUS – uneasiness
 MERITS – praiseworthy quality
 REMOTE – unsociable
THE BEWAIL OF MOTHER
AUTHOR: Dr. Thongkham Onemanison
TRANSLATED BY: Thanongsack Vongsackd
VOCABULARY
 DEPRESSING TEARS
  MOTHER EFFORT  The authors’ attitude or attitude toward the
 SHARP KNIFE subject matter and toward the readers may
 SWEET WORDS be deduced by reading
 MIND-CHANGING
ONLY IN POETRY
THE MOSQUITO (A TALE FROM LAOS)
AUTHOR: Ajip Rosidi
VOCABULARY
THE BIRTH OF A POEM
 UNBEARABLE-not able to
AUTHOR: Subagio Sastrowardojo
be endured or tolerated.
 DRAM - a small drink of whisky or other spirits SINGAPORE
 FRIVOLOUS - not having any serious purpose
or value. GRANDFATHER’S STORY
 FEEBLE - lacking physical strength, especially
AUTHOR: Catherine Lim
as a result of age or illness
 INCESSANTLY - without interruption; VOCABULARY
constantly
 ATROCITIES - cruelties
TIPS IN SUMMARIZING  BONDMAIDS - slaves
 CONCUBINES – mistresses
 Read the selection with full comprehension
 VIRULENCE - severity
 Identify the unfamiliar words
 INCONSOLABLE – heartbroken
 Omit unnecessary words and retain the
meaning of the selection. THINGS TO REMEMBER:
 Condense long ideas into short ideas.
 Replace a word for phrase or a phrase to a A. Authors present their character either
clause directly or indirectly.
a. DIRECT PRESENTATION. The author tells
INDONESIA us straight out, by exposition or analysis,
what a character is like, or has someone
MRS. GENI IN DECEMBER
in the story tell us what he is like. (e.g.
AUTHOR: Arswendo Atmowilo The change was marked, for grandfather
was by nature garrulous and, on occasion,
VOCABULARY even jovial. He liked to tell stories –
especially irreverently obscene tales of
 BRONZING – a makeup technique in applying
monks.)
hue to skin
b. INDIRECT PRESENTATION. The author
 GORGE – a narrow valley between hills
shows us the character in action; we infer
 INFUSION – a process of preparing an extract
what he is like from what he thinks or
 MANTRA – a chant repeated to aid
says or does. (e.g. The punishment that
concentration
grandmother regularly meted out were
THINGS TO REMEMBER less dramatic: she pinched, hit knuckles
with a wooden rod, slapped and
 TONE - refers to the methods by which occasionally rubbed chili paste against the
writers and speakers reveal attitude or lips of a child bondmaid who had been
feelings – toward the material, toward their caught telling a lie.)
readers, and toward the general situation that
they are describing or analyzing. B. How Character is disclosed in Fiction?
A. ACTIONS. What the characters do is our
best clue to understand what they are. b.
 B. DESCRIPTIONS, BOTH PERSONAL AND IN THE DISTANCE (SAUJANA)
ENVIRONMENTAL. Appearance and
environment reveal much about a AUTHOR: Kemala
character’s social and economic status, of THE FRYING PAN (KUALI HITAM)
course, but also they us about character
traits. AUTHOR: Zurinah Hassan
C. DRAMATIC STATEMENTS AND
THOUGHTS. Although the speeches of
most characters are functional, essential QUIZ
to keep the action moving along, they
provide material by which you may draw 1. Literature comes from human interest in
conclusion. telling a story, in arranging words in artistic
D. STATEMENTS BY OTHER CHARACTERS. By forms, and in describing in words some
studying what characters say about each aspects of our human experiences. YES
other, you may enhance your 2. Literature and history are closely interrelated.
understanding of the character being YES
discussed. 3. Wherever there are people, there will be
E. STATEMENTS BY THE AUTHOR SPEAKING literature. YES
AS STORY TELLER OR OBSERVER. What 4. Writers are people with visionary or prophetic
the author speaking with the authorial insight into human life. TRUE
voice, says about a character is usually 5. We can appreciate something we do not
accurate and the authorial voice can be understand. NO
accepted factually. 6. Literature as an art is the creation of
individuals and it is experienced by
THE EXILE individuals. YES
7. Novels are short poems that have been
AUTHOR: Edwin Thumboo
customarily used as laws or rules on good
VOCABULARY behavior by our ancestor. FALSE
8. Myths involve reference to one or two images
 ANCESTRAL AGONY – inherited pain that symbolize the characteristics of an
 CHINA-WROUGHT – communist caused unknown object. TRUE
 GUNBOAT POLICY – aggressive plan 9. Short story is a long narrative divided into
 CONFUCIAN SMILE - idealism, imparted chapters and events. FALSE
confidence 10. Legends are fictitious, usually about origins.
TRUE
SUNFLOWER FOR A FRIEND
11. It is something invented or created by the
AUTHOR: Lee Yzu Phen imagination of the creator. FICTION
12. She wrote there is not only you. DARA
VOCABULARY KANLAGNA
13. A literary piece from Laos that talks about
 REPROBATE - rascal
Ngoe Tam and his brand of love. THE
 GIBBERISH - nonsense
MOSQUITO
 TRANSGRESSORS - violators
14. It is a makeup technique in applyinh hue to
 ABERRATION – anomaly
skin. BRONZING
MALAYSIA 15. Implied meaning or suggested meaning
associated with the word. CONNOTATION
FRIENDS (SAHABAT) 16. A process of preparing an extract. INFUSION
17. The lexical meaning of words. DENOTATION
AUTHOR: Anwar Ridhwan
18. Methods by which writers and speakers
reveal attitude or feelings. TONE
19. Capital of Indonesia. JAKARTA
20. Capital of Laos. VIENTIANE