PSYCHOBIOLOGIC BASES OF BEHAVIOR NEUROSCIENCE:

BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR

RAYMUND CHRISTOPHER R. DELA PEÑA, MAN, RN, RM

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR II, COLLEGE OF NURSING
UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES
 ROLE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

• CONTROLS THE FUNCTIONS OF THE HUMAN BODY

• ANALYZES INCOMING STIMULI
• INTEGRATES INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL RESPONSES
 MAKE UP OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

• CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)

• COMPOSED OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
• PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
• SENSORY RECEPTORS BRING INFORMATION INTO THE CNS
• MOTOR NERVES CARRY INFORMATION AWAY FROM THE CNS
• AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS)
• USES COMPONENTS OF THE CNS AND PNS TO REGULATE
AUTOMATIC OR UNCONSCIOUS RESPONSES TO STIMULI
 FUNCTION OF THE CELLS THAT MAKE UP THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

• ALLOW MOVEMENT
• ALLOW REALIZATION OF VARIOUS SENSATIONS
• PROVIDE RESPONSE TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STIMULI
• STIMULATE LEARNING, THINKING, AND EMOTIONS
 FUNCTION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE
BRAIN

• MAINTENANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS
• REGULATION OF AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS) AND HORMONES
• CONTROL OF BIOLOGICAL DRIVES AND BEHAVIOR
• CYCLE OF SLEEP AND WAKEFULNESS
• CONSCIOUS MENTAL ACTIVITY
• MEMORY
• SOCIAL SKILLS
CELLULAR COMPOSITION OF THE BRAIN
• NEURONS
• RESPOND TO STIMULI
• CONDUCT ELECTRICAL IMPULSES
• RELEASE CHEMICALS
• NEUROTRANSMITTERS
PRESYNAPTIC NEURON SYNAPSE POSTSYNAPTIC NEURON
• TRANSMITTER DESTRUCTION
• ENZYMES
• REUPTAKE
ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN
• BRAINSTEM
• CORE – REGULATES INTERNAL ORGANS AND VITAL FUNCTIONS
• HYPOTHALAMUS – BASIC DRIVES AND LINK BETWEEN THOUGHT AND
EMOTION AND FUNCTION OF INTERNAL ORGANS
• PROCESSING CENTER FOR SENSORY INFORMATION

• CEREBELLUM REGULATES SKELETAL MUSCLE

• COORDINATION AND CONTRACTION
• MAINTAINS EQUILIBRIUM
• CEREBRUM
• CONSCIOUS SENSE OF BEING
• EMOTIONAL STATUS
• MEMORY
• CONTROL OF SKELETAL MUSCLES – MOVEMENT
• LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION
 TYPES OF NEURON AXONS
• AFFERENT FIBERS
• NERVE AXONS THAT RUN FROM
PERIPHERAL RECEPTORS INTO THE CNS

• EFFERENT FIBERS
• NERVE AXONS THAT CARRY NERVE
IMPULSES FROM THE CNS TO THE
PERIPHERY TO STIMULATE MUSCLES OR
GLANDS

• ELECTROLYTES :
• SODIUM: GOES INTO THE CELL
• POTASSIUM: LEAVES THE CELL
• CALCIUM
 NEUROTRANSMITTERS
• ACETYLCHOLINE
• COMMUNICATES BETWEEN NERVES AND MUSCLES
• NOREPINEPHRINE AND EPINEPHRINE
• CATECHOLAMINES RELEASED BY NERVES IN THE SYMPATHETIC BRANCH OF THE ANS
• DOPAMINE
• INVOLVED IN THE COORDINATION OF IMPULSES AND RESPONSES
• GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (GABA)
• INHIBITS NERVE ACTIVITY AND IS IMPORTANT IN PREVENTING OVER-EXCITABILITY OR
STIMULATION SUCH AS SEIZURE ACTIVITY
• SEROTONIN
• IMPORTANT IN AROUSAL AND SLEEP AND IN PREVENTING DEPRESSION AND PROMOTING
MOTIVATION
ALL IMPORTANT FOR PHARMACOLOGICAL CONTROL OF CNS