FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE

CHM421 – ANALYTICAL CHEMSITRY

LABORATORY REPORT

NO OF EXPERIMENT: 1
TITLE OF EXPERIMENT: CALIBRATION OF A VOLUMETRIC
FLASK
STUDENT’S NAME: NUR HANNAN NAJIHAH BINTI HAMDHAN
MATRIC NO: 2022478318
CLASS GROUP: AS2352A2

DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 5TH APRIL 2023

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 24 MAY 2023
LECTURER’S NAME: DR NURULFAZLINA EDAYAH BINTI RASOL
OBJECIVES :
1. To calibrate a used volumetric flask
2. To determine the new calibration mark of the volumetric flask

INTRODUCTION
Calibration is an important process because it ensures apparatus to contain or deliver greed and accurate
volume. Volumetric glassware can be calibrated by measuring the mass of water they contain or deliver.
A calibration is need to be performed to check the accuracy of the instrument and it determines the
traceability of the measurement. Calibration is crucial in all laboratory apparatus either for TC or TD
glassware to ensure the result of the experiment in accurate and reliable.
For volumetric flask, the way to calibrating this glassware is by measuring the mass of a liquid of known
density and temperature which is we always used water as the liquid. The weight that obtained need to the
corrected by buoyancy factors since the density of water is quite different from that of the standard
weights of the analytical balance. The weight that was obtained is converted to volume of apparatus at the
temperature of calibration by dividing the density of the liquid at that temperature. And this volume is
corrected at standard temperature 20℃ . The table given are used to determine the corresponding volume
at the temperature or the volume at temperature 20℃ .

PROCEDURE
1. The experiment is started by equilibrating about 200 ml distilled water. 200 ml of distilled water
was measured using measuring cylinder and placed in a clean dry beaker and let stand for 15
minutes.
2. 100 ml volumetric flask was cleaned and dried. 2 cm sticker was pasted onto the 100 ml mark of
the flask and let the mark of the flask to be at the centre of the sticker. The weight of the
volumetric flask was determined accurately.
3. After 15 minutes, the temperature of the room and equilibrated water was measured. These two
temperatures should be agreed before continue to the next step.
4. The flask was filled with equilibrated distilled water up to the mark. Dropper are used towards the
end of filling the water. The flask was weighed again accurately.
5. The weight of water in the flask was converted into volume using the data provided in the table
below. The obtained volume was the actual volume of the volumetric flask at the temperature of
the lab room.
6. If the volume obtained are less than standard volume 100 ml, a new mark was made on the sticker
5mm above the presented mark. If the volume obtained are more than the standard volume 100
ml. anew mark was made 5mm below the presented mark of the volumetric flask.
7. Water was added if the volume obtained was less than the standard volume up until the new mark
that was made in 6. If the volume obtained is more than standard volume, reduce water until the
 new mark below the original mark. The volumetric flask was weighed again, and the new volume
was calculated again.
8. The exact distance for the new mark to be so that the volume of the flask is accurate is determined
by using the ratio of volume and distance.

Table 1: The volume for 1.00 g of water at various temperatures

Temperature ℃ Volume 1.00 g water, ml Temperature ℃ Volume 1.00 g water, ml
20 1.0028 27 1.0043
21 1.0030 28 1.0046
22 1.0032 29 1.0048
23 1.0034 30 1.0051
24 1.0036 31 1.0051
25 1.0038 32 1.0067
26 1.0041 33 1.0060

RESULT
Temperature of the room = 27℃
Temperature of the equilibrated water = 27℃
Weight of dry 100 ml volumetric flask = 51.1733 g
Weight of volumetric flask + H 2 O (at current 100 ml mark) = 150.3743 g
Weight of volumetric flask + H 2 O (at 5 mm mark) = 150.9858 g

CALCULATION
Weight of H 2 O at current 100 ml
= (weight of volumetric flask + H 2 O ( at current 100 ml mark )) – weight of dry 100 ml volumetric flask
= 150.3743 g – 51.1733 g
= 99.201 g
Volume of H 2 O at current 100 ml mark
= weight of H 2 O( at current 100 mark ) × 1.0043
=99.201 g X 1.0043
= 99.6276 ml
Weight of H 2 O at 5 mm mark
= (weight of volumetric flask + H 2 O (at current 5 mm mark)) – weight of dry 100 ml volumetric flask
= 150.9858 g – 51.1733 g
=99.8125 g

Volume of H 2 O at 5 mm mark
= weight of H 2 O at 5 mm mark X 1.0043
= 99.8125 X 1.0043
= 100.24 ml

Volume of H 2 O = 100.24 ml – 99.6276 ml

= 0.6124 ml

5 mm = 0.6124 ml
1 mm = 0.1225 ml

DISSCUSSION
The purpose of the experiment of calibration of volumetric glassware is to calibrate certain measurement
by using volumetric glassware. For this experiment, the methods that was used to calibrate a used
volumetric flask is by weighing the mass of a liquid of known density and temperature. In this
experiment, we used water as the liquid. The mass of water that obtained when doing the experiment was
99.201g. From this weight, we can calculate its volume by multiplying the mass of water with the ratio of
volume and distance and the obtained volume was 99.6276 ml.
Referring to the procedure of the experiment, The volume obtained is below the standard volume (100
ml), and its stated that if the volume obtained is less than the standard volume a new mark on the sticker
was made above the present mark and water was added up to the new mark. The new weight of water was
obtained which is 99.8125 g and the volume of the water at the new mark was 100.24 ml. From the result,
its show that this method can be used to determined the volumetric flask calibrated mark.
The obtained result obtained was slightly different from the standard value due to the a few error during
the experiment being conducted.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the method that was used to determine the calibration mark of the volumetric flask was by
measuring the mass of the water and convert the mass to the volume of apparatus at the temperature of
calibration by multiplying the mass of water with the volume of water at certain temperatures. The
obtained new calibration mark was at 100.24 ml. These obtained result was slightly different due to some
error during the experiment.
REFERENCES
1. Calibration of Volumetric Glassware (Experiment). Chemistry LibreTexts.
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Davis/UCD_Chem_4A_Lab
%3A_General_Chemistry_for_Majors_(Chem_Annex_Dispensary)/Chem_4A
%3A_Laboratory_Manual/04_1%3A_Calibration_of_Volumetric_Glassware_(Experiment)

2. Choudhary, A. (n.d.). Calibration of Volumetric Glassware used in Pharmaceuticals.

Pharmaguideline. https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2011/08/calibration-of-volumetric-
glassware.html

3. Cruz, J. V. (2016). Calibration of Volumetric Glassware Procedure/Experiment. Plm.

https://www.academia.edu/29578028/Calibration_of_Volumetric_Glassware_Procedure_Experim
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