WHAT IS A ROBOT??

A reprogrammable multifunctional First Use of the Word “Robotics”

manipulator designed to move material, parts,
tools or specialized devices through various Karel Capek (1890-1938)
programmed motions for the performance of a
 Introduced the
variety of tasks.
word robot to the
Robot Institute of America public in his play
R.U.R (Rossum’s
WHAT IS ROBOTICS?? Universal Robots)
Robotics is science of designing or published in 1920
building an application of robots. Simply,  A Czech writer
Robotics may be defined as “The Study of  Several times
Robots”. The aim of robotics is to design an candidate for the
efficient robot. Nobel prize

WHY IS ROBOTICS NEEDED?? Isaac Asimov (1920-1992)

- Speed  Accidentally coined

- Can work in hazardous/dangerous the word “robotics”
temperature in 1940s
- Can do repetitive tasks  Proposed his three
- Can do work with accuracy “Laws of Robotics”
 Later added a
ROBOTICS TERMINOLOGY “zeroth law”
 Robot – Mechanical device that
performs human tasks, either
automatically or by remote control
 Robotics – Study and application of
The Three Laws of Robotics
robot technology
 Telerobotics – robot that is operated First Law :
remotely
A robot may not injure a human being,
Robot derived from the word Robota or, through inaction, allow a human being to
– forced labour or drudgery come to harm.

The first robot “UNIMATE” Second Law :

A robot must obey orders given it by

human beings, except where or such orders
conflict the first law.

Third Law :

A robot must protect its own existence

as long as such protection does not conflict with
the first law.
 ROBOTICS TECHNOLOGY

Zeroth Law : Most industrial robots have at least the following

five parts:
A robot may not injure humanity, or,
through inaction, allow humanity to come to o Sensors
harm. o Effectors
o Actuators (the one
controlling the robot)
THE ROBOT CONTROL LOOP o Controllers (where Arduino
is placed)
o Arms
sense think
TYPES OF ROBOTS
The most common types of Robots are:
 Mobile Robots
act o Rolling Robots
 have wheels to move
around
Sense :  Can quickly and easily
search
- SPEECH, VISION
 Only useful in flat areas
ACCELERATION
o Walking Robots
TEMPERATURE
 Robots on legs
POSITION, DISTANCE
 Usually brought in
TOUCH, FORCE
when the terrain is
MAGNETIC FIELD, LIGHT
rocky
SOUND
 Most have 4 legs;
POSITION SENSE
usually 6 or more

 Stationary Robots
Think :
- Are not only used to explore areas
- TASK PLANNING or imitate a human being
- PLAN CLASSIFICATION - Perform repeating tasks without
- LEARN ever moving an inch
- PROCESS DATE - Are ‘working’ in industry settings
- PATH PLANNING and are stationary

 Autonomous Robots
Act : - Are self supporting
- Self contained
- Output Information More, Speech - They rely on their own ‘brains;
Text, Visuals Wheels Legs Arm
Tracks
  Remote-Control Robots
- Remotely controlled by a person
that can guide the robot
- A person can perform difficult and
usually dangerous tasks without
being at the spot where the tasks
are performed

 Virtual Robots
- dont exists in real life
- are just programs, building blocks of
software inside a computer.

ADVANTAGES

 going to far away planets

 going far down into the unknown
waters and mines where humans would
be crushed
 giving us information that humans cant
get
 working at places 24/7 without any
salary and food. Plus they don’t get
bored
 they can perform tasks faster than
humans and much more consistently
and accurately
 most of them are automatic so they can
go around by themselves

DISADVANTAGES

 People can lose jobs in factories

 It needs a supply of power
 It needs maintenance to keep it
running
 It costs money to make or buy a robot