Learning Objectives:

1. Solve word problems applying cosine law.

Example:

Solve triangle PQR in which p = 6.5 cm, q = 7.4 cm and ∠R = 58°.

Solution:

Using the Cosine rule,

r2 = p2 + q2– 2pq cos R

r2 = (6.5)2 + (7.4)2– 2(6.5)(7.4) cos58°

= 46.03

r = 6.78 cm

(6.5)2 = (7.4)2 + (6.78)2 -2(7.4)(6.78) cos P

2(7.4)(6.78) cos P = -42.25 + 54.76 + 45.9684

Cos P =

P = 54.350

Using the Sine rule,

∠Q = 180° – 58° – 54.39°
= 67.61°

∠P = 54.39°, ∠Q = 67.61° and r = 6.78 cm

Law of Cosines: Given three sides

Example:

In triangle ABC, a = 9 cm, b = 10 cm and c = 13 cm. Find the size of the largest
angle.

Solution:

The largest angle is the one facing the longest side, i.e. C.

c2 = a2 + b2– 2ab cos C

= 0.067;

∠C = 86.2°

EXERCISES:

1. Solve the other parts of a triangle using the information given.

a = 3.2, b = 7.6, c = 6.4
2. A pilot flies in a straight path for 1 h 30 min. She then makes a course
correction, heading 8 degrees to the left and flies 2 h in the new direction. If
she maintains a constant speed of 450 mi/h, how far is she from her starting
position?