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    Gaseous exchange occurs between the alveolus and lung capillaries. Oxygen diffuses from the alveolus, where its partial pressure is higher, into the lung capillaries. In the lung capillaries, oxygen combines with hemoglobin in red blood cells to form oxyhemoglobin. Carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction, from the lung capillaries into the alveolus where its partial pressure is lower. Carbon dioxide is transported from the body cells to the alveolus by combining with water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions that are carried by the blood. The respiratory center and chemoreceptors in the a

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    Gaseous exchange occurs between the alveolus and lung capillaries. Oxygen diffuses from the alveolus, where its partial pressure is higher, into the lung capillaries. In the lung capillaries, oxygen combines with hemoglobin in red blood cells to form oxyhemoglobin. Carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction, from the lung capillaries into the alveolus where its partial pressure is lower. Carbon dioxide is transported from the body cells to the alveolus by combining with water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions that are carried by the blood. The respiratory center and chemoreceptors in the a

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    17 views4 pages

    Gaseous Exchange in Human (Exercise)

    Uploaded by

    Daniel Loh
    Gaseous exchange occurs between the alveolus and lung capillaries. Oxygen diffuses from the alveolus, where its partial pressure is higher, into the lung capillaries. In the lung capillaries, oxygen combines with hemoglobin in red blood cells to form oxyhemoglobin. Carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction, from the lung capillaries into the alveolus where its partial pressure is lower. Carbon dioxide is transported from the body cells to the alveolus by combining with water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions that are carried by the blood. The respiratory center and chemoreceptors in the a

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    8.

    3 Gaseous Exchange in Humans


    Partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide

    1. Diagram 1 shows the exchange of respiratory gases X and Y between the alveolus, lung
    capillary (blood capillary) and the body cells and the transport of gaseous.

    Diagram 1

    (a) Describe how gaseous exchange occurs between alveolus and lung capillaries.
    In lungs, the partial pressure of oxygen of the alveoli is _________________________
    _____________________________________________________.
    Oxygen diffuses from the alveolus into the lung capillaries by
    ______________________.
    Oxygen combines with haemoglobin in red blood cells to form _____________________
    __________________________________.

    The partial pressure of carbon dioxide ………………………………………………………


    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
    …..
    ………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….
    (b) Explain the main way how gas Y is transported from body cells to the alvoelus.

    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
    The Regulatory Mechanism of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Contents in the Body

    Diagram below shows the respiratory centre and chemoreceptors which are involved in the
    regulation of the carbon dioxide content in the body.

    Respiratory centre

    Periphery
    Aortic bodies
    chemoreceptor
    in the (Aortic
    arch)

    As excess CO2 is During vigorous


    eliminated from the activity, partial pressure
    body, CO2 concentration of carbon dioxide
    and the pH value of the increases due to active
    blood return to the respiration
    normal level

    Carbon dioxide reacts with water


    Increase in the to form carbonic acid.
    breathing rate and
    ventilation rate CO2 + H2O H+ + HCO3-

    Respiratory centre Central The higher CO2


    sends nerve impulses to chemoreceptors & concentration level in
    the intercostal muscles periphery blood results in a drop
    & diaphragm to chemoreceptors send in the pH value of the
    contract and relax at a nerve impulses to the blood and cerebrospinal
    faster rate respiratory centre fluid bathing the brain.

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