MITTAL SCHOOL OF BUSINESS

(Masters of Business Administration)

Course Code : QTTM509

Course Title : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY - I

Submitted to : Dr. Tawheed Nabi

Academic Task No. 01

Academic Task Title : Research on Database

Submitted by : MADDIKERA AHALYA REDDY

Student Reg. No. : 12313049

Student Roll No. : RQ2343A29

Date of Allotment : 07-09-2023

Date of submission : 15-09-2023

 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
Class Assignment -01
Course Code: - QTTM509 Course Title: - Research
Methodology
Course Instructor: - Dr. Academic Task: - 01
TAWHEED NABI
Academic Task Title: - Date of Submission: 15-09-
Assignment 2023

Group Number: - Reg No: - Name Peer Rating

12312933 GAJENDRA SINGH 10
12313020 HARSH YADAV 10
G
12313049 MADDIKERA 10
AHALYA REDDY
12312789 VISHAL JARYAL 07

Student’s Signature: -

Evaluator’s comments (For Instructor’s use only):

General Observations Signature for improvement Best part of assignment

Evaluator’s Signature and Date: - Max Marks: -

Marks obtained: -

LEARNING OUTCOMES :
Thank you, sir, for giving me the opportunity to work on this project. I truly
appreciate your trust and support.
Your belief in my abilities means a lot to me. I'm eager to contribute my best
to this project and make it a success. Thank you once again for this valuable
opportunity.

DECLARATION :

I declare that this CA is a teamwork. I have not copied it neither from any other source
except where due acknowledgement is made explicitly in the text, nor has any part been
written for me by any other person.

Acknowledgement:
We offer our thanks to Dr. Tawheed Nabi sir, our staff for opportune counsel
and backing of the task. We express conscious and earnest on account of our
gathering individuals who coordinated, and were committed towards this task.
Exploring the Dynamics of World Population: An
In-depth Analysis

Introduction: Understanding the World Population

The world population refers to the total number of people living on

Earth. It provides insights into social, economic, and environmental
aspects of global society. Factors such as fertility rates, mortality
rates, and migration influence population growth and distribution.
Studying the world population helps policymakers, researchers, and
individuals identify trends, challenges, and disparities. This
assignment explores the historical context, current trends, and
future projections of the world population to gain a deeper
understanding of its dynamics.

Factors Influencing Population:

1. Natural Factors:
- Birth Rate: Number of births per 1,000 individuals.
- Death Rate: Number of deaths per 1,000 individuals.
- Fertility Rate: Average number of children born to a woman.
- Life Expectancy: Average lifespan of individuals.

2. Social Factors:
- Migration: Movement of individuals between regions.
- Social and Cultural Factors: Religious beliefs, cultural norms,
and social customs.
- Economic Factors: Poverty levels, employment opportunities,
and access to healthcare.
- Government Policies: Family planning, immigration, and
population control.
- Education and Empowerment of Women: Influence on fertility
rates and family planning.

Understanding these factors is crucial for managing population

growth and promoting sustainable development.

Problems Associated with Increasing Population:

1. Overpopulation: Rapid population growth can lead to

overpopulation, straining resources and infrastructure, such as
housing, healthcare, and transportation. It can result in
overcrowded cities, increased competition for resources, and
environmental degradation.

2. Pressure on Resources: A growing population puts pressure on

natural resources, such as water, land, and energy. Depletion of
resources can lead to scarcity, increased costs, and potential
conflicts over access and distribution.

3. Environmental Impact: Increased population contributes to

higher carbon emissions, deforestation, pollution, and loss of
biodiversity. These environmental impacts can lead to climate
change, habitat destruction, and degradation of ecosystems.
4. Poverty and Inequality: High population growth can exacerbate
poverty and inequality, particularly in developing countries. It can
strain social services, limit access to education and healthcare, and
widen the wealth gap between the rich and the poor.

5. Food Insecurity: As population increases, the demand for food

rises. Ensuring food security becomes challenging, especially in
regions with limited agricultural resources. This can lead to food
shortages, malnutrition, and hunger.

6. Urbanization Challenges: Rapid population growth often leads to

unplanned urbanization, resulting in inadequate housing,
sanitation, and infrastructure. It can lead to slums, increased crime
rates, and social unrest.

7. Healthcare and Disease Burden: A larger population places a

greater burden on healthcare systems, making it challenging to
provide quality healthcare to all. Additionally, population density
can increase the risk of disease transmission and epidemics.

8. Pressure on Education: Growing population poses challenges in

providing quality education to all, particularly in developing
countries. Overcrowded schools, teacher shortages, and limited
resources can hinder educational opportunities.

Addressing these problems requires comprehensive strategies,

including sustainable development practices, effective urban
planning, improved access to education and healthcare, and
responsible population management policies. It is essential to find a
balance between population growth and the capacity of resources
and infrastructure to ensure a sustainable and equitable future.

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED :

Mean: It is the average of the topic numbers and is calculated by
dividing the sum of given numbers by the total number of numbers.
Mean = (Sum of all the observations/ Total number of
observations).

Median: It is the value separating the higher half from the lower
half of a data sample.
For a data set, it may be thought of as "the middle" value. The basic
feature of the median in describing data compared to the mean
(often simply described as the "average") is that it is not skewed by
a small proportion of extremely large or small values, and therefore
provides a better representation of the centre .
Range: The range of a set of data is the difference between the
largest and smallest values, the result of subtracting the sample
maximum and minimum. It is expressed in the same units as the
data.
Range(R) = Highest Value (H) - Lowest Value (L)

Standard Deviation: square deviation”. It is a measure of how

dispersed the data is in relation to the mean.
 Most important and widely used measure of dispersion.
 First used by Karl Pearson in 1893.
 Also called as “root mean”.
SELECTION OF VARIABLES : Here we have taken an informational
collection of population over beyond long term of various nations
and here we can obviously see this distinction how the population
raise various nations.
DATASET :
HISTORICAL POPULATION DATA
S.NO Year INDIA PAKISTAN BANGLADESH EGYPT CHINA UKRAINE SRI LANKA BHUTAN MONGOLIA KENYA
1 2023 1,428,627,663 240,485,658 172,954,319 112,716,598 1,425,671,352 36,744,634 21,893,579 787,424 3,447,157 55,100,586
2 2022 1,417,173,173 235,824,862 171,186,372 110,990,103 1,425,887,337 39,701,739 21,832,143 782,455 3,398,366 54,027,487
3 2021 1,407,563,842 231,402,117 169,356,251 109,262,178 1,425,893,465 43,531,422 21,773,441 777,486 3,347,782 53,005,614
4 2020 1,396,387,127 227,196,741 167,420,951 107,465,134 1,424,929,781 43,909,666 21,715,079 772,506 3,294,335 51,985,780
5 2019 1,383,112,050 223,293,280 165,516,222 105,618,671 1,421,864,031 44,211,094 21,649,664 767,459 3,232,430 50,951,450
6 2018 1,369,003,306 219,731,479 163,683,958 103,740,765 1,417,069,468 44,446,954 21,580,710 762,096 3,163,991 49,953,304
7 2017 1,354,195,680 216,379,655 161,793,964 101,789,386 1,410,275,957 44,657,257 21,506,813 756,121 3,096,030 48,948,137
8 2016 1,338,636,340 213,524,840 159,784,568 99,784,030 1,401,889,681 44,833,569 21,425,494 749,761 3,029,555 47,894,670
9 2015 1,322,866,505 210,969,298 157,830,000 97,723,799 1,393,715,448 44,982,564 21,336,697 743,274 2,964,749 46,851,488
10 2014 1,307,246,509 208,251,628 155,961,299 95,592,324 1,385,189,668 45,148,075 21,239,457 736,357 2,902,823 45,831,863
11 2013 1,291,132,063 205,337,562 154,030,139 93,377,890 1,376,100,308 45,307,099 21,131,756 728,889 2,845,153 44,792,368
12 2012 1,274,487,215 202,205,861 152,090,649 91,240,376 1,366,560,818 45,406,226 21,017,147 721,145 2,792,349 43,725,806
13 2011 1,257,621,191 198,602,738 150,211,005 89,200,054 1,357,095,481 45,516,134 20,859,743 713,331 2,743,938 42,635,144
14 2010 1,240,613,620 194,454,498 148,391,139 87,252,413 1,348,191,368 45,683,020 20,668,557 705,516 2,702,520 41,517,895
15 2009 1,223,640,160 190,123,222 146,706,810 85,501,064 1,339,125,595 45,863,884 20,482,477 697,678 2,666,713 40,364,444
16 2008 1,206,734,806 185,931,955 145,421,318 83,844,783 1,330,167,148 46,062,937 20,285,643 689,737 2,633,887 39,186,895
17 2007 1,189,691,809 181,924,521 144,135,934 82,218,755 1,321,513,224 46,313,068 20,078,655 681,614 2,605,643 38,036,793
18 2006 1,172,373,788 178,069,984 142,628,831 80,629,670 1,313,086,567 46,592,556 19,870,706 673,260 2,581,242 36,925,253
19 2005 1,154,638,713 174,372,098 140,912,590 79,075,310 1,304,887,562 46,912,610 19,673,866 663,323 2,559,255 35,843,010
20 2004 1,136,264,583 170,648,620 138,789,725 77,522,427 1,296,816,711 47,261,961 19,490,431 649,991 2,537,949 34,791,836
21 2003 1,117,415,123 166,876,680 136,503,206 75,963,322 1,288,873,367 47,605,643 19,303,180 634,627 2,516,454 33,767,122
22 2002 1,098,313,039 163,262,807 134,139,826 74,393,759 1,280,926,120 47,976,537 19,110,707 619,048 2,494,617 32,779,823
23 2001 1,078,970,907 159,217,727 131,670,484 72,854,261 1,272,739,582 48,414,534 18,920,275 603,234 2,472,601 31,800,343
24 2000 1,059,633,675 154,369,924 129,193,327 71,371,371 1,264,099,069 48,879,755 18,776,371 587,207 2,450,979 30,851,606
25 1999 1,040,500,054 149,694,462 126,754,824 69,907,887 1,255,433,236 49,320,119 18,670,411 570,990 2,428,488 29,965,129
26 1998 1,021,434,576 145,476,106 124,350,471 68,446,011 1,246,836,105 49,745,874 18,560,798 557,143 2,405,148 29,137,373
27 1997 1,002,335,230 141,330,267 122,039,226 66,993,728 1,237,801,448 50,169,353 18,449,123 546,865 2,381,771 28,364,264
28 1996 983,281,218 137,234,810 119,876,868 65,565,195 1,228,298,836 50,616,105 18,322,506 537,494 2,357,033 27,615,736
29 1995 964,279,129 133,117,476 117,793,338 64,166,908 1,218,144,426 51,061,265 18,177,572 527,536 2,330,334 26,878,347
30 1994 945,261,958 129,245,139 115,614,891 62,775,847 1,207,286,675 51,487,372 18,011,744 521,260 2,301,510 26,133,744
31 1993 926,351,297 125,546,615 113,418,757 61,382,200 1,195,855,558 51,778,418 17,825,611 520,838 2,270,311 25,391,830
32 1992 907,574,049 122,375,179 111,272,102 59,989,142 1,183,813,389 51,785,154 17,624,457 545,944 2,236,494 24,655,723
33 1991 888,941,756 119,203,569 109,242,834 58,611,032 1,170,626,171 51,672,817 17,416,596 567,710 2,200,077 23,918,235
34 1990 870,452,165 115,414,069 107,147,651 57,214,630 1,153,704,252 51,589,817 17,204,094 558,442 2,161,433 23,162,269
35 1989 852,012,673 111,670,386 104,893,674 55,765,843 1,134,414,723 51,494,543 16,990,575 544,209 2,120,825 22,387,803
36 1988 833,729,681 107,967,838 102,688,833 54,298,446 1,115,889,802 51,372,371 16,773,736 529,051 2,073,771 21,626,122
37 1987 815,716,125 104,251,093 100,490,256 52,841,319 1,096,851,843 51,236,432 16,547,139 514,026 2,021,502 20,882,094
38 1986 797,878,993 100,618,523 98,271,746 51,424,313 1,077,770,523 51,076,740 16,317,995 499,151 1,969,912 20,160,879
39 1985 780,242,084 97,121,552 95,959,099 50,035,843 1,060,239,979 50,917,399 16,092,338 484,528 1,919,744 19,452,161
40 1984 762,895,156 94,003,867 93,534,239 48,676,443 1,044,172,197 50,758,846 15,872,577 470,165 1,871,652 18,753,176
41 1983 745,826,546 91,080,372 91,045,478 47,353,665 1,029,226,907 50,563,952 15,658,442 456,033 1,825,773 18,069,461
42 1982 729,169,466 87,828,198 88,555,336 46,088,647 1,013,483,166 50,373,636 15,438,753 442,201 1,781,797 17,411,491
43 1981 712,869,298 84,270,202 86,154,836 44,899,573 997,259,502 50,188,922 15,198,918 428,641 1,739,221 16,785,962
44 1980 696,828,385 80,624,057 83,929,765 43,748,556 982,372,466 49,973,920 14,943,645 415,257 1,697,780 16,187,124
45 1979 681,248,383 77,407,341 81,908,151 42,632,458 968,298,969 49,739,734 14,680,387 402,063 1,657,448 15,620,613
46 1978 666,267,760 74,789,330 80,007,550 41,576,636 955,138,943 49,536,615 14,414,816 389,072 1,615,868 15,087,423
47 1977 651,685,628 72,451,105 78,137,788 40,577,356 942,581,333 49,357,430 14,159,052 376,387 1,572,516 14,577,346
48 1976 637,451,448 70,230,923 76,380,080 39,649,050 929,375,924 49,144,535 13,910,170 364,119 1,529,084 14,102,268
49 1975 623,524,219 68,126,999 74,700,345 38,775,584 915,124,661 48,892,187 13,662,873 352,269 1,485,691 13,651,908
50 1974 609,721,951 66,149,169 72,947,807 37,930,374 899,367,640 48,602,694 13,418,276 340,842 1,443,130 13,203,949
51 1973 596,107,483 64,285,624 71,144,818 37,120,776 881,652,080 48,301,548 13,169,737 329,800 1,402,309 12,760,405
52 1972 582,837,973 62,509,565 69,346,705 36,330,768 862,840,403 47,974,187 12,914,457 319,128 1,363,835 12,322,903
53 1971 569,999,178 60,878,781 68,376,204 35,555,969 843,285,424 47,597,756 12,654,651 308,837 1,327,781 11,898,457
54 1970 557,501,301 59,290,872 67,541,860 34,781,986 822,534,450 47,279,086 12,388,769 298,894 1,293,880 11,473,087
MEAN 994,079,038 142,715,764 120,256,267 68,597,123 1,190,041,669 47,955,033 17,983,200 568,934 2,319,753 30,059,370
MEDIAN 992,808,224 139,282,539 120,958,047 66,279,462 1,233,050,142 48,508,614 18,385,815 557,793 2,369,402 27,990,000
STANDARD.D 274305998.1 56691661.93 32722485.6 23,613,790 182335728.3 3141060.093 2894390.428 147555.984 592974.307 13,378,857
RANGE 871,126,362 181,194,786 105,412,459 77,934,612 603,359,015 15,040,520 9,504,810 488,530 2,153,277 43,627,499
GRAPH REPRESENTING TOTAL NUMBER OF POPULATION OF
DIFFERENT COUNTRIES FOR PAST 50 YEARS:
Conclusion:
Population Growth Trends: India has consistently shown significant
population growth over the years, with a population exceeding 1.4
billion in 2023.
China has maintained a high population but with a slower growth rate,
remaining just slightly ahead of India throughout the period.

Diverse Population Sizes: There is a wide variation in population sizes

among the countries listed. For example, Bhutan and Sri Lanka have
relatively small populations, while India and China have the two
largest populations in the world.
Pakistan and Bangladesh also have large populations, with Pakistan
surpassing 200 million in recent years.
Population Distribution: The data shows how the population has
spread across countries. For example, Egypt has a substantial
population in the Middle East and North Africa region, while Mongolia
and Bhutan have relatively small populations.

Changes Over Time: Most countries on the list have seen consistent
population growth, although the rates have varied. For instance,
China's population growth has slowed down considerably in recent
years due to its one-child policy, which has since been relaxed.Some
countries, like Ukraine, have experienced population declines, which
can have demographic and economic implications.

Standard Deviation and Range: The standard deviation indicates the

degree of variation in populations. Countries like China and India have
relatively high standard deviations, reflecting their large populations
and potentially more significant changes over time.The range
highlights the difference between the highest and lowest population
counts in the dataset. India, for example, has a wide range, indicating
substantial population growth over the years.

Median vs. Mean: Comparing the median and mean can provide
insights into the distribution of populations. In some countries, like
India and China, the mean population is higher than the median,
indicating a positively skewed distribution with a few very populous
years.
In other countries, the median and mean are closer, suggesting a
more stable population trend.