Karnataka

Karnataka (Kannada: , pronounced [knk] (helpinfo)) is a state in the southern part of India. It was created on November 1, 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as the State of Mysore, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973. Karnataka is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the southwest. The state covers an area of 74,122 sq mi (191,976 km), or 5.83% of the total geographical area of India. It is the eighth largest Indian state by area, the ninth largest by population and comprises 29 districts. Kannada is the official and most widely spoken language. Though several etymologies have been suggested for the name Karnataka, the generally accepted one is that Karnataka is derived from the Kannada words karu and ndu, meaning elevated land. Karu nadu may also be read as Karu (black) and nadu (region), as a reference to the black cotton soil found in the Bayaluseeme region of Karnataka. The British used the word Carnatic (sometimes Karnatak) to describe both sides of peninsular India, south of the Krishna River.[3]

With an antiquity that dates to the paleolithic, Karnataka has also been home to some of the most powerful empires of ancient and medieval India. The philosophers and musical bards patronised by these empires launched socio-religious and literary movements which have endured to the present day. Karnataka has contributed significantly to both forms of Indian classical music, the Carnatic (Karnataka Music) and Hindustani traditions. Writers in the Kannada language have received the most number of Jnanpith awards in India. Bangalore is the capital city of the state and is at the forefront of the rapid economic and technological development that India is experiencing[citation needed].

Demographics
Main article: Demographics of Karnataka According to the 2001 census of India, the total population of Karnataka is 52,850,562, of which 26,898,918 (50.89%) are male and 25,951,644 [show]Population (49.11%) are female, or 1000 males for every 964 females. Growth This represents a 17.25% increase over the population in 1991. The population density is 275.6 per km and 33.98% of the people live in urban areas. The literacy rate is 66.6% with 76.1% of males and 56.9% of females being literate.[1] 83% of the population are Hindu, 11% are Muslim, 4% are Christian, 0.78% are Jains, 0.73% are Buddhist, and with the remainder belonging to other religions.[48] Kannada is the official language of Karnataka and spoken as a native language by about 64.75% of the people. Other linguistic minorities in the state as of 1991 are Urdu (9.72%), Telugu (8.34%), Tamil (5.46%), Marathi (3.95%), Tulu (3.38%), Hindi (1.87%), Konkani (1.78%), Malayalam (1.69%) and Kodava Takk (0.25%).[49] The state has a birth rate of 2.2%, a death rate of 0.72%, an infant mortality rate of 5.5% and a maternal mortality rate of 0.195%. The total fertility rate is 2.2.[50]

Flora and fauna

Main article: Wildlife of Karnataka The state bird, Indian Roller Karnataka has a rich diversity of flora and fauna. It has a recorded forest area of 38,720 km2 (14,950 sq mi) which constitutes 20.19% of the total geographical area of the state. These forests support 25% of the elephant and 10% of the tiger population of India. Many regions of Karnataka are as yet unexplored, so new species of flora and fauna are found periodically. The Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot, includes the western region of Karnataka. Two sub-clusters in the Western Ghats, viz. Talacauvery and Kudremukh, both in Karnataka, are on the tentative list of World Heritage Sites of UNESCO.[129] The Bandipur and Nagarahole National Parks, which fall outside these subclusters, were included in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in 1986, a UNESCO designation.

[130]

The Indian roller and the Indian elephant are recognized as the state bird and animal while sandalwood and the lotus are recognized as the state tree and flower respectively. Karnataka has five national parks: Anshi, Bandipur, Bannerghatta, Kudremukh and Nagarhole.[131] It also has 25 wildlife sanctuaries of which seven are bird sanctuaries[131]. Wild animals that are found in Karnataka include the elephant, the tiger, the leopard, the gaur, the sambar deer, the chital or spotted deer, the muntjac, the bonnet macaque, the slender loris, the common palm civet, the small Indian civet, the sloth bear, the dhole, the striped hyena and the golden jackal. Some of the birds found here are the Great Hornbill, the Malabar Pied Hornbill, the Ceylon frogmouth, herons, ducks, kites, eagles, falcons, quails, partridges, lapwings, sandpipers, pigeons, doves, parakeets, cuckoos, owls, nightjars, swifts, kingfishers, bee-eaters and munias.[131] Some species of trees found in Karnataka are Callophyllum tomentosa, Callophyllum wightianum, Garcina cambogia, Garcina morealla, Alstonia scholaris, Flacourtia montana, Artocarpus hirsutus, Artocarpus lacoocha, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Grewia tilaefolia, Santalum album, Shorea talura, Emblica officinalis, Vitex altissima and Wrightia tinctoria. Wildlife in Karnataka is threatened by poaching, habitat destruction, human-wildlife conflict and pollution.[131]
Karnataka, one of the Southern States of India has 4.33 Million ha of recorded forest area which is around 22.61 percent of its geographical area. Karnataka is endowed with most magnificent forests in the county ranging from majestic evergreen forests of the Western Ghats to the scrub jungles of the plains. The Western Ghats of Karnataka are one of the 25 global priority hotspots for conservation and one of the two on the Indian subcontinent. Several economically important species such as Sandalwood, Rosewood, Teak, White Cedar grow naturally in these forests. Karnataka forests endowed with rich wildlife, harbors 25 percent of the elephant population of India, 10% of the Tiger population. The sate has 5 National Parks and 21 Sanctuaries comprising about 14.8 % of total forest area as protected area for wildlife and biodiversity. The state ranks 4th among all the states and union territories in respect of area under tree cover.

Bannarghata National Park This park is situated in the district of Bangalore and extends over an area of 104sq.km. It was started in1974. Bangalore which is at a distance of 25km from the park serves as the airport and railhead. The forest type of the park is moist deciduous teak forest. The fauna comprise elephant, sloth bear, chital, barking deer, gray partridges, bush quail and jungle fowl. The park can be visited throughout the year but the best months are September to January. The park has rest houses. , flying fox, giant Indian squirrel, jungle fowl and partridges. Reptiles found are common cobra, marse crocodile, lizard, monitor, python etc. October to March are the best month to visit park. Kundremukh National Park The park is situated in South Kanara and Chickmagalur districts over an area of 600sq.km. The nearest town is Chickmagalur at a distance of 80km. The nearest railhead and airport are at Mangalore at a distance of 180km. The terrain of the park is hilly and undulating. The forest type is semi

evergreen. The fauna found are leopard, tiger, sloth bear, Indian gaur, lion tailed macaque, sambar, mouse deer and a host of reptiles. Lion-tailed macaque is of special attraction. November to May is the best season for visiting the park. There is forest rest house at Samshe and at Kundremukh. National Nearest Town, Best period Places to Stay Contact address Park Railhead, Airport for visiting Accommodation Anshi Nearest Town November to Assistant Conservator available Dandeli - 60km. April of Forests, Railhead - Dandeli Wildlife Preservation 60km. Sub-Division, Dharwa Airport - Belgaum d 150km. Bandipur Nearest Town November to Bush Betta Wild Field Gundalpet - 20km. April Life Adventure Director, Bandipur Railhead Resort, Tiger Reserve, Nanjagud - 55km. 5 Km from Mysore - 570004. Airport - Mysore entrance, 80km. Tusker Trails, 3 km from Bandipur campus, Mayura Prakruthi, Forest Lodges, Guest Houses in Kakanhalla Bannerghatta Nearest Town September to Sylvan Villa, Asst. Conservator of Arekal January. P.W.D. Forests, 19km. Guest House at Wildlife Preservation Railhead Mulbagal and Sub-Division, Bangalore - 25km. Mayura Bangalore. Airport - Bangalore Apoorva at - 25km. Old Madras Road. Kudremukh Nearest Town November to Forest rest house Asst. Conservator Chickmaglur May at Samshe and of forests, 80km. Kudremukh Wildlife Preservation Railhead Sub-division, Mangalore -180km. DC Office Compound, Airport - BangaloreShimoga. 180km. Nagarhole Nearest Town October to March Kabini River Asst. Conservator of Kutta- 7km. Lodge forests, Railhead - Mysoreat Karapur, Wild life Sub 90km. Forest Division Van Vilas Airport - Bangalore Department Marg, Mysore

- 220km.

Rest Houses Cauvery and Gangotri in Park.

Bandipur National Park

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Bandipur National Park Bandipur Tiger Reserve

IUCN Category II (National Park)

Chital herd, Bandipur N.P

Bandipur National Park

Location of Bandipur National Park in Karnataka and India

Coordinates

Country State District(s) Established Nearest city Time zone 874.2 km2 (338 sq mi) Area 1,454 m (4,770 ft) Elevation Climate Aw (Kppen) Precipitation 2,000 mm (78.7 in) Temperature Summer 28 C (82 F) Winter 10 C (50 F) Distance(s)[show] From 80 km (50 mi) NE Mysore From Ooty 80 km (50 mi) SE

113952N 763738E11.66444N 76.62722E India Karnataka Chamarajanagar 1974 Mysore 80 kilometers (50 mi) IST (UTC+5:30)

 From 160 km (99 mi) SE Coimbatore From 220 km (137 mi) NE Bangalore Core of the Nilgiri Visitors Center at Bandipur Biosphere Reserve Website Karnataka Forest Dept. Bandipur National Park (B.N.P.) is one of India's best known protected areas and is an important Project Tiger reserve. It is located in the Chamarajanagar district of southern Karnataka in South India, The park stretches over 874 square kilometres (337 sq mi), protecting the wildlife of Karnataka. Together with the adjoining Nagarhole National Park (643 km2 (248 sq mi)), Mudumalai National Park (320 km2 (120 sq mi)) and Wynad Wildlife Sanctuary (344 km2 (133 sq mi)), it forms the largest protected area in Southern India, totaling 2,183 km2 (843 sq mi). It is notable as the home to around seventy Bengal tigers and over three thousand Indian elephants (in 1997 [1]) Bandipur is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. The Western Ghats, Nilgiri Sub-Cluster (6,000+ km), including all of Bandipur National Park, is under consideration by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee for selection as a World Heritage Site.[2]

History
A sanctuary of 90 km2 (35 sq mi) was created at this site in the Bandipur Reserve Forest in 1931. As it was realised that this was too small for effective wildlife conservation, leading to the instituting of the Venugopala Wildlife Park at this site, extending over 800 km2 (310 sq mi). The Bandipur Tiger Reserve was established under Project Tiger in 1973 by carving out 880 km2 (340 sq mi) from the Wildlife Park. This park has boasted a constant rise in Tiger population since then. It is also famous for Sandalwood trees and rare species of Flora.

Flora
There are several species of valuable timber trees including: Teak Tectona grandis, Rosewood Dalbergia latifolia, Sandlewood (Santalum album) (V), Indian-laurel Terminalia tomentosa, Indian Kino Tree Pterocarpus marsupium, giant clumping bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus, clumping bamboo Bambusa arundinacea and Grewia tiliaefolia. There are also several notable flowering and fruiting trees and shrubs including: Kadam tree Adina cordifolia, Indian gooseberry Emblica officinalis, Crape-myrtle Lagerstroemia lanceolata, axlewood Anogeissus latifolia, Black Myrobalan Terminalia chebula, Schleichera trijuga, Odina wodiar, Flame of the Forest Butea monosperma, Golden Shower Tree Cassia fistula, satinwood Chloroxylon swetenia, Black Cutch Acacia catechu, Shorea talura (E), indigoberry Randia uliginosa

[edit] Fauna
Gaur herd at B.N.P.

Elephants on the road in B.N.P. Wildboar herd at B.N.P

Peacock at B.N.P. There is a large population of Elephants in BNP. Significant numbers of Predator species of Mammals live in BNP including: Tiger, Leopard, Sloth Bear, Chevrotain, Dhole and Hyena. Prey species of grazing Ungulates including Gaur, Sambar (deer), Chital, Wild boar, Barking deer and Four-horned Antelope are common in B.N.P. Large Mammal Census, Bandipur National Park species 1991 1993 1995 1997 Tiger 58 66 74 75 Leopard 51 81 86 88 Elephant 1107 2214 2214 3471 Gaur 1097 1373 1373 2427 Dhole 148 181 181 Chital 3333 5858 5858 8204 Sambar 706 1196 1196 2386 Slothbear 51 66 66 Four-horned antelope 14

Langur Wild boar Muntjac

1468 1751 1751 148 181 181 72 131 131 Threatened species

Woolly-necked Storks at B.N.P. Tiger, Four horned Antelope, Gaur, Elephant, Panther, Sloth Bear, Crocodiles, Mouse deer, Python, Osprey, Birds Grey Junglefowl, Pompadour Green Pigeon, Honey Buzzard, Red-headed Vulture, Grey-headed Fish Eagle, Brown Hawk Owl, Bay Owl, Malabar Trogon, Nilgiri Flycatcher, Malabar Pied Hornbill, Little Spiderhunter, Peacock, Plain Flowerpecker and Woolly-necked Stork can be seen at B.N.P.. Reptiles King Cobra, Common Cobra, Python, Adder, Viper, Rat Snake, Water Snake, Marsh Crocodile, Lizard, Chameleon, Monitor Lizard, Frog, Tree frog, Toad and Tortoise. Insects Butterflies Common Rose, Crimson Rose, Common Jay, Tailed, Lime Butterfly, Malabar Raven, Common Mormon, Red Helen, Blue Mormon, Southern Birdwing, Common Wanderer, Mottled Emigrant, Common Grass Yellow, Spotless Grass Yellow, One spot Grass Yellow, Nilgiri Clouded Yellow, Common Jezebel, Psyche, Common Gull., Caper White or Pioneer, Small Orange Tip or Lesser Orange Tip, White Orange Tip, Large Salmon Arab, Common Evening Brown, Great Evening Brown, Common Palmfly, Common Bushbrown, Glad Eye Bushbrowm, Red Disk Bushbrown, Red Eye Bushbrown, Lepcha Bushbrown, Nigger, Common Threering, Common Fourring, Common Fivering, Tawny Coster, Rustic , Common Leopard, Indian Fritillary, Common Sailer, Colour Sergeant, Chestnutstreaked Sailer, Grey Count, Red Baron or Baronet, Angled Castor, Common Castor Aridane merione, Yellow Pansy, Lemon Pansy, Peacock Pansy, Chocolate Pansy, Orange Pansy, Blue Pansy, Grey Pansy, Blue Admiral, Glassy Blue Tiger, Blue Tiger, Dark Blue Tiger, Plain Tiger, Striped Tiger/ Common Tiger, Danaid Eggfly, Great Eggfly, Common Crow, Brown King Crow, Common Pierrot, Angled Pierrot, Banded Blue Pierrot, Striped Pierrot, Dark Pierrot, Red Pierrot, Lime Blue, Zebra Blue, Gram Blue, Common Cerulean, Tiny Grass Blue, Dark Grass Blue, Indian Cupid, Large Four-Line Blue, Common Silverline, Plum Judy, Plain Scupid, Pea Blue, Metallic Cerulean, Chestnut Bob, Dark Palm Dart, Brown awl [3] Ants Anenictus sp1, Anoplolepis longipes,Camponotus parius, Crematogaster biroi, Crematogaster sp 1*, Crematogaster sp 2*, Diacamma rugosum, Lepisiota capensis,Leptogenys chinesis, Leptogenys coonorensis, Leptogenys diminuta, Lophomyrmex quadripinosus, Meranoplus bicolor, Monomorium indicum, Myrmicaria striata, Myrmicaria brunnea, Oligomyrmex wroughtonii, Pachycondyla sp1*, Paratrechina sp1*, Pheidole sharpi, Pheidole sp1*, Pheidole sp2*, Pheidologeton diverus, Polyrhachis exercita, Solenopsis geminate, Tetraponera rufonigra, Tetraponera sp1* (* New species yet to be identified.) [4] Dung Beetles

Catharsius granulatus *, Copris indicus *, Oniticellus cinctus*, Onitis singhalensis *, Onthophagus beesoni*, Onthophagus ensifer *, Onthophagus rana *, Onthophagus sp.107* #, Onthophagus tarandus*, Picnopanaleus rotundus, Caccobius diminutives, Caccobius ultor, Copris furciceps, Copris sp.1#, Heliocopris dominus, Pseudonthophagus sp.2#, Sisyphus neglectus, Caccobius inermis, Caccobius meridionalis., Caccobius torticornis, Caccobius sp.1#, Copris sodalist, Onthophagus socialis, Onthophagus sp.301#, Onitis phelemon, Onthophagus furcillifer, Caccobius gallinus, Onthophagus rufulgens, Onthophagus sp.302#, Copris repertus, Pseudonthophagus sp.1#, Copris davisoni, Onitis falcatus, Onthophagus turbatus, Copris imitans, Onthophagus quadridentatus, Caccobius vulcanus, Liatongus affinis, Oniticellus spinipes, Sisyphus longipus, Onthophagus dama (* Eextremely rare (Represented by a by a single specimen in the collection), # New species yet to be identified.[4][5]

Accommodation in Bandipur
The government of Karnataka provides spacious and comfortable accommodation at Bandipur National Park. The rates charged are quite reasonable, but frequently all rooms are booked well in advance. There are many resorts near Bandipur including the Country Club, Tusker Trails, [1]Jungle Lodges etc. These are luxury resorts with relatively high prices. Mudumalai is the Tamil Nadu part of the forest where accommodation is available at lower prices. Mudumalai is 20 km from Bandipur and there are many resorts at Mudumalai. To name a few, the Jungle Hut, Green Park, Jungle Retreat, Bear Mountain, Casa Deepwoods etc. Jungle home is near Bandipur on the Mudumalai to Gudalur road in the crucial elephant habitat zone. It is a cottage near the forest which offers comfortable, clean accommodation at low rates. Elephant spottings are very common in this area. Leopards are also seen frequently; almost once a week. Jungle home also has a river attached campus surrounded by forest on three sides, making it especially suited for activities such as fishing and bird watching.

Gallery

Crested Serpeant Eagle, Bandipura N.P., Chamarajanagar

Gopala Swamy temple, Bandipura N.P., Chamarajanagar

Biodiversity of Karnataka

Langur hierarchy, Bandipura N.P., Chamarajanagar

The state of Karnataka is a part of the highly biodiversity rich regions of India. The state is endowed with great diversity of climate, topography and soils. It spans the seacoast with rich aquatic biodiversity and mangrove swamps at the mouths of estuaries. It harbours verdant tropical evergreen forests, paddy fields, coconut and arecanut orchards

on the narrow coast flanked by the hills of Western Ghats. It bears deciduous woods, scrub jungles, fields of sugarcane, cotton, groundnut, ragi and jowar in the Deccan plateau. The different environmental regimes support their own characteristic set of vegetation and animals. Karnataka supports 10% of total tiger population and 25% of elephant population of the country. The state has around 4500 species of flowering plants, 600 species of birds, 160 species of mammals, 160 species of reptiles (turtles, snakes, lizards and crocodiles), 70 species of frogs, and 800 species of fish. These figures give a good account of the floral and faunal diversity of the state. The wealth of diversity of domesticated plants and animals in farms also holds much promise. The hill chain of Western Ghats is known to have greater diversity of wild relatives of cultivated plants than any other region of comparable size in the world. The aquatic biodiversity in Karnataka is very rich and harbors many endemic species. Biological Diversity Act, 2002 The Biological Diversity Act, which came into force in February 2003, aims to promote conservation, sustainable use and equitable sharing of benefits of Indias biodiversity resources. It provides for establishment of a National Biodiversity Authority at national level, State Biodiversity Boards at state level and Biodiversity Management Committees at the level of Panchayats and Municipalities. The National Biodiversity Authority shall play a regulatory role with regard to access to biological resources by foreign citizens and grant of intellectual property rights. It shall play an advisory role in matters relating to the conservation, sustainable use and equitable distribution of biological resources. As per the provisions of the Act, the state has set up the State Biodiversity Board, with the Honble Minister for Forest, Ecology & Environment as chairperson, five ex-officio members and five non-official members. The State Biodiversity Board is supposed to advice the state government on matters relating to conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of its components etc. It shall also regulate access of biological resources by Indian citizens. The Act provides for constitution of Biodiversity Management Committees that are to be constituted in each local body for the purpose of promoting conservation, sustainable use and documentation of biological diversity and chronicling of knowledge relating to biological diversity. The Act also envisages setting up of a local biodiversity fund, at every area notified by State Government, where any institution of self-government is functioning. This fund will include any grants and loans made by the National Biodiversity Authority, grants or loans made by State Biodiversity Boards, all sums received by the local committee from other sources etc.

Most of the dense forests are located along Western Ghats region of Karnataka. 60% of the Western Ghats are located in Karnataka State. Karnataka State has a recorded forest area of 43,356.45 Sq. Km which is 22.60% of the total geographical area of the State.

The land actually covered by forest is 33,238.47 Sq. Km which constitutes 17.33% of the total geographical area. Dense Forest (40% and above crown density) is 28,144 Sq. Km; Open Forest (10% to 40%) and Scrub Forest (less than 10% density) is 15,212 Sq. Km; and Mangrove forest is 3 Sq.Kms and rest of the forest land is not covered by forest.

Home of world-famous sandal and rosewood trees. Supports 25% of Indias elephant population.

Supports 10 % of Indias tiger population.

Sl.No. a. b. c. d. e. ..

Type Reserve forest Protected forests Village forests Unclassified forests Private forests Total

Extent (sq.km) 29,550.19 3,585.22 49.05 10,117.92 54.07 43,356.45 List of NGOs

Karnataka, one of the Southern States of India has 3.83 Million ha of recorded forest area which is around 20 percent of its geographical area. Karnataka is endowed with most

magnificent forests in the county ranging from majestic evergreen forests of the Western Ghats to the scrub jungles of the plains. The Western Ghats of Karnataka are one of the 25 global priority hotspots for conservation and one of the two on the Indian subcontinent. Several economically important species such as Sandalwood, Rosewood, Teak, White Cedar grow naturally in these forests. Karnataka forests endowed with rich wildlife, harbors 25 percent of the elephant population of India, 10% of the Tiger population. The sate has 5 National Parks and 21 Sanctuaries comprising about 17.3% of total forest area as protected area for wildlife and biodiversity. The state ranks 4 th among all the states and union territories in respect of area under tree cover.

Wildlife Population Tiger Elephant Panther Bear

395 6185 817 2324

Wild bear
15760

Deer Bison Sambar

25850 8484 4998

Fox
957

*Source: Wildlife census of 1997-98

Click here to view the Karnataka Map for Wildlife National Parks and sancturies

Name of the National

Area

Nearest Rly.

Season to

Parks Anshi National Park

(sq.km) 250.00

Station Dandeli-37.5 Belgaum-110.5 Nanjangud60.0 Mysore-80.0 Bangalore-28.0 Mangalore-77.0 K.R.Nagar-70.0 Mysore-94.0

Visit Nov-Jun

Bandipur National Park

874.20

Jun-Oct All Seasons Dec-May Sept.-Mar

Bannerghatta National Park 104.27 Kudremukha National Park 600.32 Nagarahole National Park 643.39

Name of the Sanctuary Adichunchanagiri Peacock Sanctuary Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary Attiveri Bird Sanctuary BRT Wildlife Sanctuary

Area (sq.km) 0.84

Nearest Rly. Station Mandya-90.0 Blore-120.0 K.R. Nagar-13 Mysore-27.5 Hubli-50.0 Cnagar-18.0 Mysore-40.0 Kadur-6.0 Mlore-153.0 Mysore-120.0 Kollegal-26.5 Mysore-100.0 Dandeli-9.5 Belgaum-85.0 Hospet-20.0 Hubli-150.0 Gokak Rd-2.0 Belgaum-83 Sagar-41.5 Mlore-271.5 Mysore-61 Mlore-125.0 Nanjangud-40.0 Mysore-57.0

Season to Visit All Seasons

13.50 2.23 539.58

Dec-Feb Oct.-Dec Oct-May

Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary

492.46 181.80 102.59

Sept.- Mar Jan-Mar May-Nov

Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary

475.02

Sep.-May

Doraji Bear Sanctuary Ghataprabha Wildlife Sanctuary Gudavi Bird Sanctuary Melukote Wildlife Sanctuary Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary

55.87

Sep-Jan

20.78

Oct.-Dec

0.73 45.82 247.00 30.32

Jun.-Nov Oct-Apr. Nov.-Apr. Oct-Apr.

Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary

102.59

Subramanya-9.5 Mlore-144.0 S.R. Patna-2.5 Mysore-16.0 Ranebennur-4.0 Hubli-138.0 Talguppa-6.5 Mlore-206.5 Shimoga-5.0 Mlore-152.0 Mlore-85.0 Subramanya-38.0 Mlore-123.0

Jan.-Mar

Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary Ranibennur Blackbuck Sanctuary Sharavathi Wildlife Sanctuary

0.67

All Seasons

119.00

May Jan

431.23

Nov-May

Shettihalla Wildlife Sanctuary Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary Thalakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary

395.60

Nov.-May

88.40

Nov.-Apr. May-Jun Oct-Jan

105.00

Name of the Tiger Reserve Bandipur Bhadra

Area (sq. kms) 874 492

Year of Establishment 1973 1998

Name of the Reserve Nilgiri

Area (Sq.kms) Year of Establihsment 5520 1986