Nucleus/Nucleolus

 Structure
 Double membrane (nuclear
envelope) with nuclear pores
 Chromatin
 Nucleolus
 Function
 Stores hereditary info (DNA)
 Makes RNA (which makes
proteins)
 Makes ribosomes (nucleolus)
 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
ROUGH ER
 Structure
 Internal membrane is a system
of folded sacs and tunnels
 Has ribosomes on it

 Function
 Intracellular highway for
molecules to move around and
out of the cell
 Makes proteins and other cell
components
 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
SMOOTH ER
 Structure
 Internal membrane of
systems of folded sacs
and tunnels
 NO ribosomes

 Function
 Intracellular highway
 Storage area for proteins

 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
 RIBOSOMES
 Structure
 Made of proteins and RNA
 No membrane
 Made in nucleolus
 Function
 Location of protein synthesis
 Free ribosomes make proteins used
by the cell
 Ribosomes on rER make proteins for
export to other cells
 Cell Type
 Prokaryotic Cells
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
GOLGI APPARATUS
 Structure
 Stack of membranes or
sacs filled with fluid
 Function
 Processes, packages,
and secretes materials
made in the ER
 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
MITOCHONDRIA
 Structure
 Double membrane
 Have own DNA
 Very numerous in high
requirement cells (muscles)
 Function
 Powerhouse of the cell (energy)
 Transfers chemical energy into
ATP to be used as energy for
life functions
 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells

◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
CHLOROPLASTS
 Structure
 Double membrane

 Contains DNA

 Contains green pigment

(chlorophyll)
 Function
 Responsible for photosynthesis
(conversion of sunlight into
chemical energy)
 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
LYSOSOMES
 Structure
 Spherical organelles

 Contain enzymes

 Function
 Digestion of:

◼ Organic molecules
◼ Old organelles
◼ Foreign substances

 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
CYTOPLASM aka CYTOSOL
 Structure
 Fluid between cell
membrane & organelles
 Contains water, salts,
organic compounds
 Function
 Aids in movement
 Cell Type
 Prokaryotic Cells
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
CYTOSKELETON
 Structure
 Network of long protein
strands
 Located in the cytosol

 No membranes

 Function
 Support cell by giving shape
and organization
 Help with movement of
organelles in the cytosol and
cell movement
 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
 CELL MEMBRANE
 Structure
 Lipid bilayer with carbs
and proteins
 Function
 Selectively permeable
 Boundary and support
for cell (protection)
 Cell Type
 Prokaryotic Cells
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells
◼ Animal Cells
CELL WALL
 Structure
 Wall outside membrane
 Made of cellulose

 Has pores

 Function
 Protect
 Support

 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells:
◼ Plant Cells
 Prokaryotic cells
VACUOLES
 Structure
 Membrane bound fluid
filled organelles
 Function
 Stores:
◼ Water
◼ Proteins, carbs, salts

 Cell Type
 Eukaryotic Cells
◼ Plant Cells (large)
◼ Animal Cells (small)