Anacleto del Rosario (born on 13 July 1860 at Santa Cruz, Manila – died on 2 May 1895) was a leading

chemist in the Philippines during the Spanish era in Philippine history. Regarded as the "Father of
Philippine Science and Laboratory", del Rosario invented the formula for producing a pure kind of
alcohol from tuba in a nipa palm. This formula won for del Rosario the first prize during the World Fair in
Paris, France in 1881. Del Rosario extracted castor oil from the palma christi, literally the "palm of
Christ" (castor bean), a native plant in the Philippines.

ANACLETO DEL ROSARIO

He was a leading Filipino chemist during the Spanish Period and was considered the Father of Philippine
Science and Laboratory.

His formula for the production of a pure kind of alcohol from tuba of a nipa palm won for him the first
prize at the World Fair in Paris in 1881. He extracted castor oil from a native plant called palma christi.

This formula won for del Rosario the first prize during the World Fair in Paris, France in 1889. Del Rosario
extracted castor oil from the palma christi, literally the "palm of Christ" (castor bean), a native plant in
the Philippines.[1]

Francisco Quisumbing is said to be a Filipino botanist claimed to be the inventor of Quink ink[1][2] used
by The Parker Pen Company. He studied in the Philippines and the US, gaining a BSc from the University
of the Philippines School of Agriculture,[disputed – discuss] Los Baños in 1918 and an MSc in 1921. He
travelled to the US and gained a PhD in Plant Taxonomy, Systematics and Morphology from the
University of Chicago in 1923, under the American pensionado program.[citation needed] He went back
to the Philippines after World War II but was unable to organize the Philippine Ink Corporation under
the Japanese Reparations Program because of too much government intervention.[3] Quink, which was
sold in the US from 1931, is claimed to stand for 'Quisumbing Ink', but there is no reliable evidence to
support this. Parker state instead that the name is an amalgam of "quick and ink".[4] However Parker
did license the manufacture of Quink in the Philippines, for that market, and the bottles were labelled as
such.[5] This, together with the name coincidence, may have been the source of the rumour.
In reality there was a company called Quisumbing Ink Products in the Philippines, unconnected to
Parker, founded by a chemical engineer named Francisco A. Quisumbing. The milestones of
Quisumbing's documented career are close enough to those recounted in the apocryphal accounts that
it is probable that they refer, with differing degrees of accuracy, to the same man. The real Francisco A.
Quisumbing was born in 1893 and received his B. Agr. in 1914 and his M. S. in 1918, both from the
University of the Philippines. He was a Fellow of the University of the Philippines at Columbia University
in New York from 1918 to 1921, receiving his Ph.D. from Columbia in 1921. He returned to the
Philippines to teach as Professor of Industrial Chemistry at the University of the Philippines from 1922 to
1934. In 1923, he started the Quisumbing Ink Products company, and in 1934, founded the Quisumbing
School of Technology.[6] According to a book published in 1960, Quisumbing inks then enjoyed an
exclusive contract to supply all branches of the Philippine government.[7]

Francisco Quisumbing

Francisco Quisumbing is a Filipino chemist who finished studies from the University of Chicago as
American-sponsored pension ado. Following WWII, he tried to systematize the Philippine Ink
Corporation under the Japanese Reparations Program, but was upset by what he labeled as too much
administration involvement in private venture.

Dr. Quisumbing is famous for his invention of the Quink trademark ink that is used in Parker Pens. Quink
stands for Quisumbing Ink. It cleans the pen as it writes, and dries quickly on paper, but remains liquid
inside the pen.

Gregorio Y. Zara (8 March 1902 – 15 October 1978) was a Filipino engineer and physicist best
remembered for inventing the first two-way video telephone.

Gregorio Y. Zara.jpg

Gregorio Y. Zara (8 March 1902 – 15 October 1978) was a Filipino engineer and physicist best
remembered for inventing the first two-way video telephone. Zara’s video telephone invention enabled
the caller and recipient to see each other while conversing, laying the foundation for video-
conferencing. Zara was an outstanding student who graduated valedictorian in elementary and high
school before obtaining a scholarship to study mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT). He went on to graduate with highest distinction in aeronautical engineering and
physics from the University of Michigan and the University of Paris, respectively. Zara held 30 patents
for devices and equipment. Other notable creations include an induction compass used by pilots for
direction, a solar-powered water heater and an alcohol-fuelled aeroplane engine. Zara also discovered a
law of electrical kinetic resistance known as the Zara effect.

Giants in History

CLICK HERE to get to know these fascinating researchers.

GiantsinHistory5.jpg

Julián Arca Banzón (March 25, 1908 – September 13, 1988) was a Filipino biochemist and a National
Scientist of the Philippines.[1] Banzon is credited for his research in alternative fuel. He researched on
the production of ethyl ester fuels from sugarcane and coconuts and devised a method of extracting
residual coconut oil through chemical means.[2]

Julian A. Banzon, outstanding scientist, scholar, professor, and biophysical chemist, was born in Balanga,
Bataan on March 25, 1908. His parents were Manuel S. Banzon and Arcadia Arca.

After obtaining the degree of Bachelor of Science in chemistry at the University of the Philippines in
1930, he was immediately hired as assistant instructor at the Up College of Agriculture. He served there
for one year before being promoted to instructor in agricultural chemistry in the same college in 1931.
As a UP pensionado, he began pursuing graduate studies at the Iowa State university in the United
States in 1937, and consequently obtained a doctor of philosophy degree in biochemistry (minor in
micro-biology), in 1940. His doctoral dissertation was about the “fermentative utilization of cassava.”

Upon his return to the Philippines, Dr. Banzon was named assistant professor in agricultural chemistry at
the UP College of Agriculture, teaching as such until 1951. From 1951 to 1955, he concurrently occupied
three positions: associate professor, associate chemist, and assistant head of the Department of
Agricultural Chemistry. In 1956, he received the ICA Type A grant for his study on the use of
radioisotopes in agriculture. Two years later, he accepted his appointment as chief scientist of the
Philippine Atomic Energy Commission. He marked a milestone in his career in 1960 when he became the
first director of the Philippine Atomic Research Center. At the end of his term in 1963, he was given a
plaque of appreciation for his exemplary leadership and service by the PAEC.

He returned to the UP College of Agriculture, where he served as professor and chairman of the
department of agriculture chemistry from August 1, 1963 to March 24, 1970. Subsequently, from March
25, 1970 to June 30, 1972, he was the officer-in-charge of the division of food science and technology at
the UP in Los Baños. He wound up his career in science and education as professor of food and science
technology from July 1972 to March 1973, when he retired from the Up College of Agriculture.

Renowned in the field of chemistry, Dr. Banzon gained recognition for his notable researches on the
Philippine coconut and other indigenous materials as “renewable sources of chemicals and fuels.” He
pioneered in the study not just of the coconut, but also of the sugar cane, in the Philippines, and
produced the first authoritative work on the derivation of fuels, specifically ethyl esters, from these two
crops. Moreover, he developed new and scientific methods, such as the chemical extraction of surplus
coconut oil, in place of the more commonly used physical process.

On July 14, 1959 he was awarded a certificate of merit for “Outstanding Research Work on Extraction of
Coconut Oil” by the office of the secretary of the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Other awards he received included a plaque as outstanding chemical graduate given by the UP Chemical
Society of the Philippines, bestowed by the society itself in 1972, and the PHILSUGIN award for research,
given by the Crop Society of the Philippines in 1976. In 1978, the Professional Regulation Commission
conferred on him the “Chemist of the Year” award. Two years later, he was given the Distinguished
Service Award by the Integrated Chemists of the Philippines, Incorporated, and in 1986, the state
university honored him with its Distinguished Alumnus Award.

Dr. Banzon was frequently invited to attend scientific conferences all over the world. In 1960, he
participated in the meeting of the board of governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency and in
the general conference of the same year, held in Vienna, Austria. In October of the following year, he
attended the Fourth Japan Conference on Radioisotopes, convened in Kyoto, Japan. He was, likewise, at
the IAEA’s Study Group Meeting on the Utilization of Research Reactors, which took place in Bangkok,
Thailand from December 17-21, 1962. He was also a

Philippine delegate to the 11th Pacific Science Congress held in Tokyo, Japan in August 1966, as well as
to the 12th Pacific Science Congress held in Canberra, Australia, in August 1971.
Aside from teaching at UP Los Baños, Dr. Banzon also served on the university committee in agricultural
sciences and on several ad hoc committees. He was a member of various organizations, including the
Society for the Advancement of Research, the Sigma

Amador Guerrero was born in Turbaco, Colombia, on June 30, 1835. He was a doctor whose greatest
accomplishment was his unanimous appointment by the National Constituent Convention in 1904 to be
the first president of Panama, once the independence from Colombia was achieved.

Amador Guerrero contributed to Panama's economic, political, and educational progress by making
radical changes approved by the National Assembly and his Cabinet. Among the most significant: the
reorganization of the Judicial, Executive, and Legislative Branches to set the foundation for a future
democratic democratic system; modifications to the revenue system; the opening of the ports of
Panama to international commerce; and the inauguration of high schools and art schools.

He defended the Hay-Bunau Varilla Treaty and put together a commission integrated by Belisario Porras
and Francisco Filos. The main objective of this commission was to study the Panama Canal Treaty to
clarify some Panamanian doubts about the rights given to the U.S. Government over the Canal Zone
territory. They concluded that the treaty was not detrimental to Panama's sovereignty.

Manuel Amador passed away in Panama City, Panama on May 2, 1909.

Manuel S. Guerrero (8 January 1877 – 4 January 1919) was a Filipino medical doctor who studied
beriberi in infants in the Philippines.[1]

Historical marker installed in Ermita, Manila to commemorate Dr. Guerrero.

Guerrero was born in Ermita, Manila then became part of the Captaincy General of the Philippines in 8
January 1877. He achieved a Bachelor of Arts degree at the Ateneo Municipal in the year 1894 and a
Doctorate on Medicine at the University of Santo Tomas in 1902.[1]

He was also a writer for the publications "La Republica Filipina, La Independencia, and La Patria". in
addition he was a staff member of the Revista Filipina de Medicina y Farmacia. Guerrero was also a
member of the Colegio Medico-Farmaceutico, Asamblea de Medicos y Farmaceuticos de Filipinas, and
the Sanggunian ng Kalusagan. He was also one of the founders of t La Infancia and Gota de Leche.[1]

Guerrero was also conferred with a silver medal at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the Panama
Pacific Exhibition.[1]

Botica of Medicinal Plants

watersnake101 (66)in #science • 3 years ago

During the 16th century a convent in the Philippines called San Agustin had a Botica (Pharmacy) which
utilized medicinal plants. All sorts of medicines and remedies were used by the Friars in the convent.
Some were also sold to the locals who needed remedy. Fueled by faith, science and nature Father
Manuel Blanco dedicated his life to study the plants in the country and it's medicinal purposes.

Botica of Medicinal Plants

1.JPG

leaf 2.png

2.JPG
The medicine were stored in jars and each one labeled with names of the drugs. The ones on display are
only recreations of the original storage. All was looted and destroyed in 1762 when the British came and
occupied Manila which was headed by General Samuel Cornish.

3.JPG

Augustinian missionaries loved science and in return helped a lot of the locals with their ailments.
Remedies made from the plants which were found around the country. This oil painting on display
created by a local artist shows the passion of the missionaries.

4.JPG

Among the contributors in recording medicinal plants is Father Ignacio Mercado. Known to be the first
local botanist to record more than 200 plants that thrived in the Philippines. No one knew the names or
benefits of plants during this era and his works greatly contributed to discovery of plant species.

Beautiful colored illustrations which is considered as an artwork. It was also known that Father Ignacio
Mercado even tested the effects of the plants on himself.

7.JPG

8.JPG

Among the greatest achievements from this convent is the "Flora De Filipinas" by Father Manuel Blanco.
A compilation about endemic plants in which the first editions the plants were not illustrated. Later on
illustrations were added on the collection done by local and Spanish artists.

9.JPG
Here are some of the original lithographs on the following edition of "Flora De Filipinas".

10.JPG

On display are tool which were used in the pharmacy. Most of them was brought in from Spain.

11.JPG

The fourth edition of the book from 1883 still with the original pages but the cover was already re
bounded.

12.JPG

The most important piece in this room is the original Flora De Filipinas with 887 pages. Now protected
and encased in glass it is an important part of our history and culture. Now on it's fifth edition it is
available to the public for around $50 beautifully illustrated with stunning resemblance to the actual
plants. Medicinal properties of each plant is well documented.

13.JPG

The Botica has given a great contribution to our country in science and discovery. The years of hard work
and dedication of the priests and brothers in the convent are unforgotten. The works that they left us
will continued to be shared to our future generation.

14.JPG

leaf 2.png
Follow @surpassinggoogle to witness an extraordinary person in this platform and vote for @steemgigs
as witness

Discovering exceptional content in the community follow @curie and vote as witness

To have a glimpse of awesome content from the Philippines check out @bayanihan

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#history#philippines#plant#steemitbloggers

3 years ago in #science by watersnake101 (66)$2.40

54 votes

Reply 17
Sort: Trending

[-]

onerace (51) 3 years ago

Thank you for crafting an amazing blog that exhibit Philippines' unique Culture and Tradition.

With that, we're greatful we have chosen this blog to be featured and upvoted by @onerace to
empower impactful Philippines' Culture and Tradition blogs.

Feel free to click the post :

https://steemit.com/onerace/@onerace/onerace-update-may-12-may-13-2018

$0.10

1 vote

Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

Very much appreciated thanks taking interest in Philippine culture.

$0.001 vote

Reply

[-]

borrowedearth (57) 3 years ago

Oh! Neat!!!! I think I would spend hours and hours there!!!!

I have plans to catalog my plants..the ones on my mountaintop that I use. I've been a plant healer most
of my life and cant wait until life slows down enough that I can tackle this.

What a lovely share...I have to wonder if the Father had digital photography what this collection would
look like!

Enjoy this day!

$0.00Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

It was very interesting pity I was not able to spend a lot of time there. The museum was closing and my
wife was calling on the phone. I can only imagine how they did things in the past when it comes to
natural medicine. It would be great if you could have the plants cataloged there it would be a great read.
I am planning to get the fifth edition of the book and from the looks of it it is worth it. As for the
photography it would be great but looking at the lithographs the artwork is amazing. I would not mind
having two or three hanging on my wall.

$0.00Reply

[-]

jezmacher (58) 3 years ago

these are not just part of our history.. hence it has big contribution to our modern society to the world
of medicine.. without these medicinal plants we never created modern medicine that can cure tons of
diseases, illnesses and sickness..

$0.00Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

True without the plants and dedication of the people behind it. It would have been hard surviving.

$0.00Reply

[-]

melinda010100 (73) 3 years ago

I think traditional plant medicines are fascinating. I would love visiting that exhibit.

$0.00Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

Oh you would love it. I had a great time well just me the family waited for me outside lol.

$0.00Reply

[-]

melinda010100 (73) 3 years ago

I hope it was because they were eating ice cream, or something equally important!

$0.00Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

They are not really a fan of museums and was a bit tired of all the walking that day. When I showed
them the photos next time they will be joining me :)

$0.00Reply

[-]

mountainwashere (65) 3 years ago

That looks super cool, I'd love to visit there! I'm a huge fan of antique science books and old scientific
illustrations, so this is right up my alley.

$0.00Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

Oh you would love it. If ever you swing by the Philippines just let me know. As for the "Flora De Filipinas"
it is available for public purchase and looking forward to get a copy once we get a budget for it. The
original illustrations on display were gorgeous.

$0.00Reply

[-]

insideoutlet (57) 3 years ago

That would be an interesting place to explore, I could get lost in there, I love nature. Thanks for
sharing :)

$0.00Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

The museum has a lot of rooms but don't worry you won't get lost with us around lol.

$0.00Reply

[-]

insideoutlet (57) 3 years ago

haha good to know :)

$0.00Reply
[-]

corinneiskorean (57) 3 years ago

those lithographs are beautiful! Do you still use those plants for medicinal purposes today?

$0.00Reply

[-]

watersnake101 (66) 3 years ago

Some has been developed into medicines but in the province using of plants but itself as remedy is still
very much alive.

$0.00Reply

[-]

jealousyjane (50) 3 years ago

cool

$0.00Reply

MINIATURES

Francis D. Yumul - On Things Past and the Ordinaries

Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera - Deserves a Second Look?

May 07, 2012

Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera y Gorricho (1857-1925). Filipino physician and historian. An
outstanding Filipinologist who wrote notable scholarly works in various fields of Oriental and Philippine
studies; language, anthropology, folklore, etc. His training and qualification as a doctor are immense. T

T. H Pardo de Tavera received his licentiate in medicine at the Faculté de Médecine de Paris and his
bachelor in medicine also in the same institution. In the mid-1880s, he enrolled in École nationale des
langues orientales vivantes (now Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales) and took
courses under Pierre Étienne Lazare Favre. In December 1885, he received his diploma in the Malay
language.

One of Pardo de Tavera's book 'Plantas Medicinales de Filipinas' is an outstanding study on the different
medicinal plants of the country. But as a politician, history seems to be unkind to T.H Pardo de Tavera.
Perhaps he always went to the wrong side, feeling safe on his stance, he never took chances. He never
tried the difficult and bold path like what Rizal did. Always mistrustful of Aguinaldo, he jumped to the
American bandwagon when things started to look dim for the revolutionary. He, together with some
notable "Balimbings" founded the "Partido Federal" with the aim of total assimilation to the US and
making the Philippines a legitimate state in the American Union. Historian Teodoro Agoncillo once
wrote: "Pardo de Tavera should have been shot for his betrayal of the Revolution"

Reading some of TH Pardo de Tavera's works and some of his bibliography makes me want to say:
"Cmon he deserves a second look".

Pardo de Tavera's opus on Philippine medicinal plants

Comments
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My photo
FRANCIS YUMUL

VISIT PROFILE

Archive

Trinidad Hermenegildo José María Juan Francisco Pardo de Tavera y Gorricho[1] (13 April 1857 – 26
March 1925) was a Filipino physician, historian and politician of Spanish and Portuguese descent.
Trinidad, also known by his name T. H. Pardo de Tavera, was known for his writings about different
aspects of Philippine culture.

Ramon Cabanos Barba ONS (born August 31, 1939, San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte[1]) is a Filipino inventor and
horticulturist[2][3] best known for inventing a way to induce more flowers in mango trees using ethrel
and potassium nitrate.[4] Barba was proclaimed a National Scientist of the Philippines in June 2014.[5]

Ramon C. Barba

ONS

National Scientist Ramon Barba.jpg

Born

August 31, 1939 (age 82)

San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte, Philippine Commonwealth

Nationality

Filipino

Alma mater

University of the Philippines Los Baños

University of Georgia
University of Hawaii at Manoa

Occupation

Horticulturist

Awards

National Scientist of the Philippines

Barba was also recognized as one of the Ten Outstanding Young Men in Agriculture in 1974, and was
given the Horticultural Technology Award in June 1999.[3]

Famous Scientists

Home

Top 100 Scientists

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Blog

Ramon Barba

Born 1939.

Ramon Barba is a well-known Filipino scientist, especially to agriculturally involved individuals in the
Philippines for contributing towards advancements in the mango industry.
He developed a process that caused the flowering and fruiting of mango trees three times a year,
instead on once a year, so dramatically improving yields.

In 2013 Ramon Barba became National Scientist in the Philippines for his “distinguished achievements in
the field of plant physiology, focusing on induction of flowering of mango and on micro propagation of
important crop species.”

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Early Life and Personal Background

Ramon Barba was born on August 31, 1939, the youngest of the four children. His father, Juan Madamba
Barba was a lawyer, and his mother Lourdes Cabanos was, like Ramon himself, a graduate of the
University of the Philippines.

He finished his elementary education in 1951 at the Sta. Rosa Academy where he was the third highest
in his group. Barba then attended the University of the Philippines where he met Dr. Helen Layosa
Valmayor who was famous for her research about orchids; she was his teacher for biology laboratory
classes.

At the University of the Philippines in Los Banos, Laguna finished his college degree. In 1958, he
graduated and obtained his degree in Bachelor of Science in Agriculture, with a major in agronomy and
fruit production.

His inspiration to study in this field came from his grandfather, Juan Cabanas, who was then an official of
the Bureau of Plants and Industry (BPI) and Dr. L.G. Gonzales who is considered as the father of
horticulture in the Philippines.

Career Path

After graduating, Barba served as an assistant instructor from 1958 to 1960 in the Department of
Agronomy, Fruit Crops Section, University of the Philippines College of Agriculture (UPCA).
Barba left his university position to take up a scholarship which allowed him to attend the University of
Georgia. There, he conducted a number of experiments concerning how to make plants flower using
fertilizers containing gibberellic acid and potassium nitrate. In 1962, he graduated with distinction with a
Master of Science in Horticulture from the University of Georgia.

He furthered his education by obtaining a doctorate in plant physiology, specializing in tropical fruits and
tissue culture in the East-West Center in Hawaii. He earned his doctorate in 1967 with a Ph.D. in
horticulture.

Barba was appointed as assistant professor at the UPCA in 1969, later resigning in 1975. He was re-
appointed as a professor in 1981.

From 1975 to the late 1980’s he was also program leader of the Plant Cell and Tissue Culture Laboratory
of the Institute of Plant Breeding.

He also held several private consultancy positions during his career.

Career and Contributions in the Field of Mango Horticulture

The Philippines is known as a largely agricultural country, and Barba’s dedication to finding a solution to
help mango exports flourish benefited his home country. However, his road to success wasn’t
straightforward.

Mango trees were seasonal, producing one crop a year and this limited the country’s ability to earn
precious foreign income from exports, because of the time that the trees naturally take before bearing
more fruits.

Filipino mango tree growers already had a system to make mango trees flower; it involved using smoke
(smudging) to help induce flowering. Barba, however, while he was still a student, saw this as a tedious
and expensive practice and he thought there must be a more practical solution to induce the mango
trees to flower.
He proposed that a chemical spray with Etherel (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) may induce flowering
but could not obtain permissions to begin trials. He had previously conducted research using Etherel and
potassium nitrate and wanted a trial to try these fertilizers on mango trees.

Barba faced several rejections when he proposed applying the technique he developed to make mango
trees flower more frequently. Thanks to the help of Ramon Barba’s friends in Quimara Farms, Mr. and
Mrs. Jose Quimson, Ramon Barba conducted his experiment on 400 mango trees which were 10-12
years old spraying alternate tree branches with Etherel and potassium nitrate.

Lo and behold, the results from the simple experiment were astounding on the branches that had been
sprayed with the potassium nitrate solution. After combining a kilo of potassium nitrate with a hundred
liters of water and spraying it on the selected tree branches, the buds began forming a week later.

Barba patented his invention but charged no royalties, so allowing his findings to be of benefit to mango
growers world-wide. He soon developed the plant growth enhancer “Flush” which speeds up the growth
cycle of trees and advances flowering.

From further studies conducted spraying “Flush” onto mango trees. This product tripled the mango
yield; making mangoes available thrice instead of just once a year; the fruits were 15% smaller, but
overall, the mangoes were of good quality. Later studies showed that the trees which had been sprayed
still bore fruit 30 years later.

Other Research

Barba developed a tissue culture procedure for the banana plant which enabled production of large
quantities of planting materials that were robust and disease-free.

He also developed a tissue culture procedure for sugar cane that allowed the rapid production of large
amounts of disease-free planting materials.

With his research team, Barba devised micro propagation protocols for more than 40 important species
of fruit crops, ornamental plants, plantation crops, aquarium plants, and forest trees.
The Positive Effects of Ramon Barba’s Efforts

Since the discovery of Ramon Barba’s method to induce flowering for mango plants, the mango industry
in the Philippines expanded. Apart from the mango producers themselves, other business sectors such
as the producers of the pest control chemicals, harvesters, sellers, and all the other smaller groups of
workers related to mango industry have benefitted from his invention. This technology has also been
successfully applied on other fruit trees including cashew.

In 2013 Ramon C. Barba was conferred the rank and title of National Scientist in the Philippines for “his
distinguished achievements in the field of plant physiology, focusing on induction of flowering of mango
and on micro propagation of important crop species.”

Barba was elected a member to the National Academy of Science and Technology, Philippines in 2004.

Barba was a recipient of the 1974 Ten Outstanding Young Men of the Philippines in Agriculture Awards.
In 1974 and again in 1981, the Crop Science Society of the Philippines awarded him the Best Paper
Award.

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Carl Woese: Rewrote Earth’s history of life

Alfred Wegener: Shunned after he discovered that continents move

Henri Poincaré: Is the solar system stable?

Polly Matzinger: The dog whisperer who rewrote our immune system’s rules

Otto Guericke: In the 1600s found that space is a vacuum

Alister Hardy: Aquatic ape theory: our species evolved in water

Elizebeth Friedman: Became the world’s most famous codebreaker

Evangelista Torricelli: We live at the bottom of a tremendously heavy sea of air

Eudoxus: The first mathematical model of the universe

James Black: Revolutionized drug design with the Beta-blocker

Inge Lehmann: Discovered our planet’s solid inner core

Chen-Ning Yang: Shattered a fundamental belief of physicists

Robert Hooke: Unveiled the spectacular microscopic world

Barbara McClintock: A Nobel Prize after years of rejection

Pythagoras: The cult of numbers and the need for proof

J. J. Thomson: Discovered the electron

Johannes Kepler: Solved the mystery of the planets

Dmitri Mendeleev: Discovered 8 new chemical elements by thinking

Maurice Hilleman: Record breaking inventor of over 40 vaccines

Marie Curie: Won – uniquely – both the chemistry & physics Nobel Prizes

Jacques Cousteau: Marine pioneer, inventor, Oscar winner

Niels Bohr: Founded the bizarre science of quantum mechanics

Srinivasa Ramanujan: Untrained genius of mathematics

Milutin Milankovic: Proved Earth’s climate is regulated by its orbit

Antoine Lavoisier: The giant of chemistry who was executed

Emmy Noether: The greatest of female mathematicians, she unlocked a secret of the universe

Wilder Penfield: Pioneer of brain surgery; mapped the brain’s functions

Charles Nicolle: Eradicated typhus epidemics

Samuel Morse: The telegraph and Morse code

Jane Goodall: Major discoveries in chimpanzee behavior

John Philoponus: 6th century anticipation of Galileo and Newton

William Perkin: Youthful curiosity brought the color purple to all

Democritus: Atomic theory BC and a universe of diverse inhabited worlds

Susumu Tonegawa: Discovered how our bodies make millions of different antibodies

Cecilia Payne: Discovered that stars are almost entirely hydrogen and helium

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Johannes Kepler, God, and the Solar System

Charles Babbage and the Vengeance of Organ-Grinders

Howard Robertson – the Man who Proved Einstein Wrong

Susskind, Alice, and Wave-Particle Gullibility

Alphabetical List of Scientists

Louis Agassiz | Maria Gaetana Agnesi | Al-BattaniAbu Nasr Al-Farabi | Alhazen | Jim Al-Khalili |
Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi | Mihailo Petrovic Alas | Angel Alcala | Salim Ali | Luis Alvarez |
Andre Marie Ampère | Anaximander | Carl Anderson | Mary Anning | Virginia Apgar | Archimedes |
Agnes Arber | Aristarchus | Aristotle | Svante Arrhenius | Oswald Avery | Amedeo Avogadro | Avicenna

Charles Babbage | Francis Bacon | Alexander Bain | John Logie Baird | Joseph Banks | Ramon Barba |
John Bardeen | Charles Barkla | Ibn Battuta | William Bayliss | George Beadle | Arnold Orville Beckman
| Henri Becquerel | Emil Adolf Behring | Alexander Graham Bell | Emile Berliner | Claude Bernard |
Timothy John Berners-Lee | Daniel Bernoulli | Jacob Berzelius | Henry Bessemer | Hans Bethe | Homi
Jehangir Bhabha | Alfred Binet | Clarence Birdseye | Kristian Birkeland | James Black | Elizabeth
Blackwell | Alfred Blalock | Katharine Burr Blodgett | Franz Boas | David Bohm | Aage Bohr | Niels Bohr
| Ludwig Boltzmann | Max Born | Carl Bosch | Robert Bosch | Jagadish Chandra Bose | Satyendra Nath
Bose | Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe | Robert Boyle | Lawrence Bragg | Tycho Brahe | Brahmagupta |
Hennig Brand | Georg Brandt | Wernher Von Braun | J Harlen Bretz | Louis de Broglie | Alexander
Brongniart | Robert Brown | Michael E. Brown | Lester R. Brown | Eduard Buchner | Linda Buck |
William Buckland | Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon | Robert Bunsen | Luther Burbank | Jocelyn
Bell Burnell | Macfarlane Burnet | Thomas Burnet

Benjamin Cabrera | Santiago Ramon y Cajal | Rachel Carson | George Washington Carver | Henry
Cavendish | Anders Celsius | James Chadwick | Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar | Erwin Chargaff | Noam
Chomsky | Steven Chu | Leland Clark | John Cockcroft | Arthur Compton | Nicolaus Copernicus | Gerty
Theresa Cori | Charles-Augustin de Coulomb | Jacques Cousteau | Brian Cox | Francis Crick | James Croll
| Nicholas Culpeper | Marie Curie | Pierre Curie | Georges Cuvier | Adalbert Czerny

Gottlieb Daimler | John Dalton | James Dwight Dana | Charles Darwin | Humphry Davy | Peter Debye |
Max Delbruck | Jean Andre Deluc | Democritus | René Descartes | Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel |
Diophantus | Paul Dirac | Prokop Divis | Theodosius Dobzhansky | Frank Drake | K. Eric Drexler

John Eccles | Arthur Eddington | Thomas Edison | Paul Ehrlich | Albert Einstein | Gertrude Elion |
Empedocles | Eratosthenes | Euclid | Eudoxus | Leonhard Euler

Michael Faraday | Pierre de Fermat | Enrico Fermi | Richard Feynman | Fibonacci – Leonardo of Pisa |
Emil Fischer | Ronald Fisher | Alexander Fleming | John Ambrose Fleming | Howard Florey | Henry Ford
| Lee De Forest | Dian Fossey | Leon Foucault | Benjamin Franklin | Rosalind Franklin | Sigmund Freud |
Elizebeth Smith Friedman

Galen | Galileo Galilei | Francis Galton | Luigi Galvani | George Gamow | Martin Gardner | Carl Friedrich
Gauss | Murray Gell-Mann | Sophie Germain | Willard Gibbs | William Gilbert | Sheldon Lee Glashow |
Robert Goddard | Maria Goeppert-Mayer | Thomas Gold | Jane Goodall | Stephen Jay Gould | Otto von
Guericke

Fritz Haber | Ernst Haeckel | Otto Hahn | Albrecht von Haller | Edmund Halley | Alister Hardy | Thomas
Harriot | William Harvey | Stephen Hawking | Otto Haxel | Werner Heisenberg | Hermann von
Helmholtz | Jan Baptist von Helmont | Joseph Henry | Caroline Herschel | John Herschel | William
Herschel | Gustav Ludwig Hertz | Heinrich Hertz | Karl F. Herzfeld | George de Hevesy | Antony Hewish
| David Hilbert | Maurice Hilleman | Hipparchus | Hippocrates | Shintaro Hirase | Dorothy Hodgkin |
Robert Hooke | Frederick Gowland Hopkins | William Hopkins | Grace Murray Hopper | Frank Hornby |
Jack Horner | Bernardo Houssay | Fred Hoyle | Edwin Hubble | Alexander von Humboldt | Zora Neale
Hurston | James Hutton | Christiaan Huygens | Hypatia

Ernesto Illy | Ernst Ising | Keisuke Ito

Mae Carol Jemison | Edward Jenner | J. Hans D. Jensen | Irene Joliot-Curie | James Prescott Joule |
Percy Lavon Julian

Michio Kaku | Heike Kamerlingh Onnes | Pyotr Kapitsa | Friedrich August Kekulé | Frances Kelsey | Pearl
Kendrick | Johannes Kepler | Abdul Qadeer Khan | Omar Khayyam | Alfred Kinsey | Gustav Kirchoff |
Martin Klaproth | Robert Koch | Emil Kraepelin | Thomas Kuhn | Stephanie Kwolek

Joseph-Louis Lagrange | Jean-Baptiste Lamarck | Hedy Lamarr | Edwin Herbert Land | Karl Landsteiner |
Pierre-Simon Laplace | Max von Laue | Antoine Lavoisier | Ernest Lawrence | Henrietta Leavitt | Antonie
van Leeuwenhoek | Inge Lehmann | Gottfried Leibniz | Georges Lemaître | Leonardo da Vinci | Niccolo
Leoniceno | Aldo Leopold | Rita Levi-Montalcini | Claude Levi-Strauss | Willard Frank Libby | Justus von
Liebig | Carolus Linnaeus | Joseph Lister | John Locke | Hendrik Antoon Lorentz | Konrad Lorenz | Ada
Lovelace | Percival Lowell | Lucretius | Charles Lyell | Trofim Lysenko

Ernst Mach | Marcello Malpighi | Jane Marcet | Guglielmo Marconi | Lynn Margulis | Polly Matzinger |
Matthew Maury | James Clerk Maxwell | Ernst Mayr | Barbara McClintock | Lise Meitner | Gregor
Mendel | Dmitri Mendeleev | Franz Mesmer | Antonio Meucci | John Michell | Albert Abraham
Michelson | Thomas Midgeley Jr. | Milutin Milankovic | Maria Mitchell | Mario Molina | Thomas Hunt
Morgan | Samuel Morse | Henry Moseley

Ukichiro Nakaya | John Napier | Giulio Natta | John Needham | John von Neumann | Thomas
Newcomen | Isaac Newton | Charles Nicolle | Florence Nightingale | Tim Noakes | Alfred Nobel | Emmy
Noether | Christiane Nusslein-Volhard | Bill Nye

Hans Christian Oersted | Georg Ohm | J. Robert Oppenheimer | Wilhelm Ostwald | William Oughtred
Blaise Pascal | Louis Pasteur | Wolfgang Ernst Pauli | Linus Pauling | Randy Pausch | Ivan Pavlov | Cecilia
Payne-Gaposchkin | Wilder Penfield | Marguerite Perey | William Perkin | John Philoponus | Jean
Piaget | Philippe Pinel | Max Planck | Pliny the Elder | Henri Poincaré | Karl Popper | Beatrix Potter |
Joseph Priestley | Proclus | Claudius Ptolemy | Pythagoras

Adolphe Quetelet | Harriet Quimby | Thabit ibn Qurra

C. V. Raman | Srinivasa Ramanujan | William Ramsay | John Ray | Prafulla Chandra Ray | Francesco Redi
| Sally Ride | Bernhard Riemann | Wilhelm Röntgen | Hermann Rorschach | Ronald Ross | Ibn Rushd |
Ernest Rutherford

Carl Sagan | Abdus Salam | Jonas Salk | Frederick Sanger | Alberto Santos-Dumont | Walter Schottky |
Erwin Schrödinger | Theodor Schwann | Glenn Seaborg | Hans Selye | Charles Sherrington | Gene
Shoemaker | Ernst Werner von Siemens | George Gaylord Simpson | B. F. Skinner | William Smith |
Frederick Soddy | Mary Somerville | Arnold Sommerfeld | Hermann Staudinger | Nicolas Steno | Nettie
Stevens | William John Swainson | Leo Szilard

Niccolo Tartaglia | Edward Teller | Nikola Tesla | Thales of Miletus | Theon of Alexandria | Benjamin
Thompson | J. J. Thomson | William Thomson | Henry David Thoreau | Kip S. Thorne | Clyde Tombaugh
| Susumu Tonegawa | Evangelista Torricelli | Charles Townes | Youyou Tu | Alan Turing | Neil deGrasse
Tyson

Harold Urey

Craig Venter | Vladimir Vernadsky | Andreas Vesalius | Rudolf Virchow | Artturi Virtanen | Alessandro
Volta

Selman Waksman | George Wald | Alfred Russel Wallace | John Wallis | Ernest Walton | James Watson
| James Watt | Alfred Wegener | John Archibald Wheeler | Maurice Wilkins | Thomas Willis | E. O.
Wilson | Sven Wingqvist | Sergei Winogradsky | Carl Woese | Friedrich Wöhler | Wilbur and Orville
Wright | Wilhelm Wundt
Chen-Ning Yang

Ahmed Zewail

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Agapito Flores was born in Guiguinto, Bulacan, the Philippines on September 28, 1897. He worked as an
apprentice in a machine shop and later moved to Tondo, Manila where he trained at a vocational school
to become an electrician.

It has been reported that Agapito Flores received a French patent for a fluorescent bulb and that the
General Electric Company bought Flores' patent rights and manufactured and sold his fluorescent bulb
(making millions from it). However, all the inventors named above and more predate Agapito Flores'
possible work on any fluorescent bulb.
According to Dr. Benito Vergara of the Philippine Science Heritage Center, "As far as I could learn, a
certain Flores presented the idea of fluorescent light to Manuel Quezon when he became president.

At that time, General Electric Co. had already presented the fluorescent light to the public."

NFP

NFP

Nutrition Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.

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Dr. Juan Salcedo, Jr.

Founding Chairman and President Emeritus

(September 23, 1904 – October 25, 1988)

A doctor of medicine by profession, a scholar and scientist by aptitude, educator at heart and
administrator perforce, a biochemist and nutritionist by choice. His involvement in nutrition started
with Bataan Experiment, proving that rice enrichment by thiamine and other nutrients including iron can
solve beri-beri, then a leading cause of death in the Philippines. This experiment was considered a world
classic in Public Health Nutrition and served as a model for rice enrichment programs in other
countries. In the Philippines, it led to the passage of the Rice Enrichment Law in 1952.
By 1950, Dr. Salcedo has a number of scientific papers cited in reviews and textbooks of biochemistry,
health and nutrition. The late President Elpidio Quirino made him Secretary of Health (1950-1953);
President Diosdado Macapagal appointed him as Chairman of the National Science Development
Board, now Department of Science and Technology, (1962-1965), a position he continued to hold under
President Ferdinand E. Marcos (1966-1970). Throughout his years in government service, Dr. Salcedo
remained the most “unpolitical and uncontroversial” public figure.

From government service, Dr. Salcedo returned to medical education and was Dean of the University of
the East Medical College and later President of the Araneta University Foundation. He also founded the
Nutrition Foundation of the Philippines in 1960 and was Chairman of the Board of Trustees until his
death in 1988.

Dr. Salcedo was given the highest Presidential awards to a Filipino Citizen, the 1966 Republic Cultural
Heritage Award in Science and the 1969 Presidential Pro Patria Award, and in 1978, the title of National
Scientist. Also in 1969, he was named “Scientist Par Excellence and Scholar Meritissimus” by the
International Academy of Leadership. Since 1952, he earned a place in the International Yearbook and
Statemen’s WHO’s WHO and the World’s WHO’s WHO. He was the first Filipino nutritionist who gained
the international recognition and awards such as; the William J. Gies Fellow in Biochemistry, Columbia
University; President of the 5th World Health Organization Assembly; First Vice-Chairman, UNICEF
Conference on Children and Youth in National Planning and Development; Chairman of Commission III in
Asia; member of the FAO-WHO Expert Committee on Nutrition, the Pacific Science Council, the
International Advisory Committee on Research, National Science Program of UNESCO, First Board of
Advisers, East West Center, and the New York Academy of Science; as Fellow and Honorary Member of
the American Institute of Nutrition.

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Juan Salcedo Jr. Dr. Juan Salcedo developed enriched rice, a rice variety fortified with Vitamin B1 that
helps prevent beriberi. His discovery helped reduce the cases of beriberi in the Philippines and in other
countries.