‫ﻟﻐﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬

‫ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺩﮐﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬

‫ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‪ :‬ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﭘﺎﮐﺒﺎﺯ‬

‫‪١‬‬
 DRILLING FLUID 11
: ‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ‬ DRILLING FOREMAN
DRILLING LINE
11
12
DRILLING PARAMETERS 12
DRILL PIPE 12
DRILL SHIP 12
DRILL PIPE SCREEN 12
DRILL STEM 12
ACCUMULATOR 4 DRILL STRING 12
ACCUMULATIVE UNIT 4 DRIVE BUSHING 12
A-FRAME 4 DRUM 12
AGITATOR 4 DRUM BRAKE 13
AIR HOIST 4 DST (DRILL STEM TEST) 13
AIR TONG 4 ELEVATOR 13
ANNULAR BLOWOUT PREVENTER 5 ELECTRIC HOUSE 13
ANNULAR SPACE 5 ELECTRIC GENERATOR 13
ANNULUS 5 ELECTRICIAN 13
AUTOMATIC CHOKE 5 FIXED CHOKE 13
AUXILIARIES 5 FLOAT VALVE 13
AUXILIARY BRAKE 5 FLOORMAN 13
BEARING 5 FOURBLE 14
BIT 5 FOURBLE BOARD 14
BLIND RAM 6 FUEL TANK 14
BLOCK 6 GUY LINE 14
BLOWOUT PREVENTER (BOP) 6 HARD HAT 14
BLOWOUT PREVENTER CONTROL UNIT 6 HEAVY WALL DRILL PIPE 14
BOMB 6 HOISTING COMPONENTS 14
BOREHOLE 6 HOOK 14
BOTTOMHOLE CHOKE 6 HOPPER 14
BOTTOMHOLE PRESSURE BOMB 6 HYDRODYNAMIC BRAKE 14
BOX 6 IN SIDE BLOWOUT PREVENTER 15
BREAK OUT 7 JACKNIFE MAST 15
BREAKOUT CATHEAD 7 JACKUP RIG 15
BULK MUD COMPONENTS IN STORAGE 7 JET BIT 15
BUNKHOUSE 7 JOINT (SINGLE) 15
CABLE 7 KELLY 15
CABLE-TOOL DRILLING 7 KELLY BUSHING 15
CASING 7 KELLY COCK 15
CASINGHEAD 7 KELLY SAVER SUB 16
CASING STRING 7 KELLY SPINNER 16
CATHEAD SPOOL 7 LOAD GUY LINE 16
CAT LINE 7 LOCATION 16
CAT SHAFT 7 LOGGING DEVICES 16
CAT WALK 8 MAKE A CONNECTION 16
CEMENTING 8 MAKE A TRIP 16
CHAIN DRIVE 8 MAST 16
CHAIN TONG 8 MASTER BUSHING 16
CHANGE HOUSE 8 MECHANIC 16
CHECK VALVE 8 MIX MUD 17
CHOKE 8 MONKEY BOARD 17
CHOKE LINE 8 MOTORMAN 17
CHOKE MANIFOLD 9 MOUSE HOLE 17
CHRIST MAS TREE(X-MASS TREE) 9 MUD BOX 17
CIRCULATE 9 MUD TANKS 17
CIRCULATING COMPONENTS 9 MUD RETURN LINE 17
CLUTCH 9 MUD DENSITY RECORDER 17
CONDUCTOR PIPE 9 MUD LEVEL RECORDER 17
COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE 9 MUD LOG 18
COMPOND 9 MUD LOGGING 18
CREW 9 NIPPLE 18
CROWN BLOCK 9 OFFSURE RIG 18
DEADLINE 9 PIN 18
DEADLINE TIE (DOWN ANCHOR) (DEAD LINE PIPE RACK 18
ANCHOR) 10 PIPE RAMP 18
DEGASSER 10 PLUG TESTER 19
DERRIK FLOOR 10 PREFAB 19
DERRICK MAN 10 RATHOLE 19
DESANDER 10 RESSERVE TANK 19
DESILTER 10 RAM BLOWOUT PREVENTER 19
DISCHARGE LINE 11 RIG 19
DOG HOUSE 11 RIG DOWN 19
DOUBLE 11 RIG FLOOR 19
DOUBLE BORD 11 RIG UP 19
DRAW WORKS 11 ROTARY HOSE 19
DRILLER 11 ROLLER CONE BIT 19
DRILLERS CONSOLE 11 ROTARY TABLE 20
DRILLERS POSITION 11 ROTATING COMPONENTS 20
DRILLING CONTRACTOR 11 ROTATING DRILLING 20

٢
SAFETY CLAMS 20 SUCTION TANK 21
SAFFETY GLASS 20 SWITCH AND CONTROL GEAR 21
SETTLING TANK 20 SWIVEL 22
SHALLE SHAKER 20 TONG 22
SHAKER TANK 20 TOOL JOINT 22
SHEAVE 20 TOOL PUSHER 22
SLIDING DRILLING 20 TOP DRIVE 22
SLIPS 20 TOROUE INDICATOR 22
SPINNING CHAIN 20 TOUR 22
STAIRWAYS 21 TRAVELING BLOCK 22
STANDPIPE 21 TRIP 22
STAND 21 WASHOVER PIPE 22
STABILIZER 21 WATER TANK 22
STRING 21 WATER TABLE 23
SUBMERSIBLE DRILLING RIG 21 WEIGHT INDICATOR 23
SUBSTRUCTURE 21

٣
‫‪ACCUMULATOR‬‬
‫اﻧﺒﺎره‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻟﻴﻜﻲ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪Accumulative Unit, Control Unit, Control Pannle‬‬

‫
‪Agitator : 3‬‬

‫‪AIR HOIST‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮ )ﺟﺮﺍﺛﻘﻴﻞ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ( ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ floor‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫
‪Accumulator : 1‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۴‬‬

‫‪ACCUMULATIVE UNIT‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ‪) .Accumulator‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱‬‬

‫‪A-FRAME‬‬
‫ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﭼﻮﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ A‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻳﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ‪ Traveling block‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲‬‬

‫
‪Air Hoist : 4‬‬

‫‪AIR TONG‬‬

‫
‪A-Frame: 2‬‬

‫‪AGITATOR‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺰن‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻫﻤﺰﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻳﺎﺗﻴﻐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺰﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳‬‬
‫
‪Air Tong : 5‬‬

‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪ANNULAR BLOWOUT PREVENTER‬‬
‫ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺮ داﻟﻴﺰي‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻮﺑﻪ ﺍﻱ )‪ (Rams‬ﺳﺮ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺯﮔﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۶‬‬

‫
‪Automatic Choke : 7‬‬

‫‪AUXILIARIES‬‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬
‫ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺣﻔﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪AUXILIARY BRAKE‬‬
‫
‪Annular Blowout Preventer : 6‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ) ‪(Draw‬‬
‫‪ANNULAR SPACE‬‬
‫‪ ،works‬ﻛﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻀﺎي داﻟﻴﺰي‬
‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﻨﮕﻲ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪BEARING‬‬
‫‪Annulus‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﺗﺎﻗﺎن‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﻩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬

‫‪ANNULUS‬‬ ‫ﺍﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻐﺮﺵ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫داﻟﻴﺰ‬
‫ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ‪ Annulus‬ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪BIT‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫‪Annular Space‬‬
‫ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۸‬‬
‫‪AUTOMATIC CHOKE‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬ ‫‪Rock Bit, Cone Bit, Bottom Bit, Core Bit, Diamond‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻟﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪Bit, PDC Bit‬‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۷‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪Adjustable Choke, Choke‬‬

‫‪٥‬‬
 ‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪Control Pannle‬‬

‫
‪Rock Bit : 8‬‬

‫‪BLIND RAM‬‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮ )‪ (BOP‬ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫
‪BLOWOUT PREVENTER CONTROL : 10‬‬
‫‪UNIT‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۹‬‬

‫‪BOMB‬‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫
‪Blind Ram : 9‬‬ ‫‪BOREHOLE‬‬

‫دﻳﻮاره ﭼﺎه‬
‫‪BLOCK‬‬
‫ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺮﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺎﺏ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﭼﻮﺏ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪Crown Block‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ‪ Traveling block‬ﻛﻪ‬
‫‪Well bore‬‬
‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪BOTTOMHOLE CHOKE‬‬
‫)‪BLOWOUT PREVENTER (BOP‬‬
‫ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻫﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﻻﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪Annular blow out preventer, inside blow out‬‬
‫‪preventer, Ram blow out preventer‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﻪ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺠﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ‬
‫)‪ (Tubing‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪BOTTOMHOLE PRESSURE BOMB‬‬
‫ﺑﻤﺐ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﻪ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻦ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪BOX‬‬
‫‪BLOWOUT PREVENTER CONTROL‬‬
‫ﻣﺎدﻳﻨﻪ‬
‫‪UNIT‬‬
‫واﺣﺪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ )ﻧﺮﻳﻨﻪ( ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ‪ Cumulative unit‬ﺑﻪ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻱ ﺁﻥ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۰‬‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪Tool joint, pin‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪BREAK OUT‬‬ ‫‪CABLE-TOOL DRILLING‬‬
‫ﺑﺎز ﻛﺮدن‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺎري ﺿﺮﺑﻪ اي ﻳﺎﻛﻠﻨﮕﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﭘﻴﭻ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ )‪ (UNSCREW‬ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻧﻮﻙ ﺗﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻴﻜﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻒ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻭﺻﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﹰﺎ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺗﺎ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫‪BREAKOUT CATHEAD‬‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻔﺖ ‪ Draw works‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺍﭘﻴﭻ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪CASING‬‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻﹰ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﺯ ‪ draw works‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻔﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪاري‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۱‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪CASINGHEAD‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﺟﺪاره‬
‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻓﻠﻨﺠﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ‬
‫
‪Breakout Cathead : 11‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪BULK MUD COMPONENTS IN‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪Spool :‬‬
‫‪STORAGE‬‬
‫اﻧﺒﺎر ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﮔﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻧﮏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻗﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪CASING STRING‬‬
‫رﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪاري‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ‬
‫‪BUNKHOUSE‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ٣٠‬ﻓﻮﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺧﻮاﺑﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۲‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪Camp :‬‬

‫‪CATHEAD SPOOL‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮره ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺷﻔﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ‪ Draw works‬ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﭙﻮﻝ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫
‪Bunkhouse : 12‬‬ ‫‪CAT LINE‬‬

‫ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﺸﻨﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬
‫‪CABLE‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻃﻨﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺍﻟﻴﺎﻓﻬﺎﻱ ﻗﻮﻱ‪.‬‬ ‫‪CAT SHAFT‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪Wire rope :‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﻃﺮﻑ ‪ Draw works‬ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻠﻚ ﭼﺮﺧﻨﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٧‬‬
‫‪CAT WALK‬‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺳﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻛﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻫﺮ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﻼﺏ (‬
‫)‪ Air hoist‬ﻳﺎﻛﺖ ﻻﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻜﻮ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪CEMENTING‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﺸﺖ ‪ Casing‬ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻤﭙﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ Cementing Truck‬ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۳‬‬

‫‪CHAIN DRIVE‬‬ ‫
‪Chain Tong : 14‬‬

‫راﻧﺶ زﻧﺠﻴﺮي‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺭﺍﻧﺶ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺥ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ‬ ‫‪CHANGE HOUSE‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫اﻃﺎق ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻟﺒﺎس‬
‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻛﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻗﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻋﻮﺽ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪CHECK VALVE‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪CHOKE‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه‪ ،‬ﭼﻮك‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻭﺭﻳﻔﻴﺲ ) ﻣﺠﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ( ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪CHOKE LINE‬‬
‫ﺧﻂ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻧﺸﻌﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻻﺕ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ‬
‫
‪Cementing Truck : 13‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﺍﻫﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۵‬‬

‫‪CHAIN TONG‬‬
‫آﭼﺎر زﻧﺠﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺰﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۴‬‬

‫
‪Choke Line : 15‬‬

‫‪٨‬‬
‫‪CHOKE MANIFOLD‬‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪ راﻫﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه‬
‫ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ )‪(Choke‬ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻼﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۶‬‬
‫‪CLUTCH‬‬
‫ﻛﻼچ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺤﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﻙ ﻭ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺯﻧﺪ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪CONDUCTOR PIPE‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﻮﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ‪ casing‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻓﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ‬
‫
‪Choke Manifold : 16‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺵ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﻓﻨﻲ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬

‫)‪CHRIST MAS TREE(X-MASS TREE‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺎج ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎه‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪Company man :‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻨﺞ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫‪COMPOND‬‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﺎﻧﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۷‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ) ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ(ﺑﻪ ‪Draw‬‬
‫‪ ،works‬ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﻼﭺ‪ ،‬ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺥ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﻤﻪ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺥ ﺗﺴﻤﻪ‬
‫)ﭘﻮﻟﻲ( ﻭ ﻧﻴﺮ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺷﻔﺖ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺗﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪CREW‬‬
‫ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن‪ ،‬ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪CROWN BLOCK‬‬
‫
‪Christ Mass Tree : 17‬‬
‫ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮه ﺗﺎج دﻛﻞ‬
‫‪CIRCULATE‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﮔﺮدش ﻛﺮدن ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺬﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺁﻏﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺭﺍ ‪ Circulate‬ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪DEADLINE‬‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ‪ Traveling block‬ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬

‫‪CIRCULATING COMPONENTS‬‬ ‫‪ Crown block‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺬﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ‪dead line‬‬
‫اﺟﺰا ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺮدﺷﻲ‬ ‫‪ anchor‬ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪ :‬ﭘﻤﭗ ﮔﻞ‪,Stand ،‬‬
‫‪pipe‬ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻣﻲ ﮔﻞ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ‬
‫ﺧﻂ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﮔﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٩‬‬
‫)‪DEADLINE TIE (DOWN ANCHOR‬‬ ‫‪DESANDER‬‬
‫)‪(DEAD LINE ANCHOR‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻪ زدا‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﻪ ‪ dead line‬ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺴﺤﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۸‬‬
‫ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻧﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﮔﻞ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ )‪ (SAND‬ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪)،‬ﺫﺍﺭﺍﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 74‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﮔﻞ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۰‬‬

‫
‪Dead line anchor : 18‬‬

‫‪DEGASSER‬‬
‫ﮔﺎز زدا‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪).‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۱۹‬‬ ‫
‪Desander : 20‬‬

‫‪DESILTER‬‬
‫ﻻي زدا‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻳﺰﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﺩﻭﺩﻥ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺭﻳﺰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻻﻱ ) ‪ ( SIIT‬ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪) ،‬ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪2‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 74‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻥ( ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺎ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۱‬‬

‫
‪degasser : 19‬‬

‫‪DERRIK FLOOR‬‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ‪ derrick floor‬ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ‪Rig Floor :‬‬

‫‪DERRICK MAN‬‬
‫دﻛﻠﺒﺎن‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫
‪Desilter : 21‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ‬
‫ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٠‬‬
‫‪DISCHARGE LINE‬‬
‫ﺧﻂ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﭘﻤﭗ‬
‫ﺧﻄﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﻥ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻂ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ )‪ (stand pipe‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪DOG HOUSE‬‬
‫اﻃﺎق ﺣﻔﺎر‬
‫ﺍﻃﺎﻗﻚ ﺳﺮ ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫
‪Draw Works : 23‬‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪DRILLER‬‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎر‬
‫‪DOUBLE‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺮ ﻭ‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭﻱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ‪،‬‬

‫‪DOUBLE BORD‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺎﻧﻜﻲ ﺑﻮﺭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺩﻛﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺩﻛﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۲‬‬ ‫‪DRILLERS CONSOLE‬‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﮑﻮﻱ ﺩﮐﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻔﺎﺭ‬
‫‪DRAW WORKS‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮔﺮدوﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫‪DRILLERS POSITION‬‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﭘﻴﭽﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ‪DOGHOUSE ,Draw‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۳‬‬ ‫‪ works, Drillers console‬ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪DRILLING CONTRACTOR‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎر ﺣﻔﺎر‬
‫ﻓﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﻨﺪﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪DRILLING FLUID‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎل ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻔﻲ‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫
‪Monkey Board : 22‬‬ ‫‪DRILLING FOREMAN‬‬

‫ﺳﺮ ﺣﻔﺎر‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ‪ ، TOOL PUSHER‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ‪Rig‬‬
‫‪ ، Manager‬ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ‪ RIG Supervisor‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪١١‬‬
‫‪DRILLING LINE‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪DRILLING PARAMETERS‬‬

‫‪DRILL PIPE‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻲ ﺩﺭﺯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻣﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻪ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﻫﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪۳۰‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۴۱‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪drill collar :‬‬ ‫
‪Screen : 25‬‬

‫‪DRILL STEM‬‬
‫‪DRILL SHIP‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎق ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﺣﻔﺎري‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ‪ JAR ،‬ﻭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪DRILL STRING‬‬
‫رﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪DRIVE BUSHING‬‬
‫ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪ Kelly‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬
‫‪ Rotary table‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ‪ Kelly‬ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۶‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪KELLY BUSHING :‬‬

‫
‪Drill Pipe : 24‬‬

‫‪DRILL PIPE SCREEN‬‬

‫
‪Kelly Bushing : 26‬‬

‫‪DRUM‬‬
‫درام‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﺷﻜﻠﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺁﻥ ﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺥ ﺩﻧﺪﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ‪ Draw works‬ﻣﻲ ﭼﺮﺧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٢‬‬
‫‪DRUM BRAKE‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻄﻜﺎﻙ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ‪Draw works‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫)‪DST (DRILL STEM TEST‬‬

‫‪ELEVATOR‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﮑﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ‪ tubing‬ﻳﺎ‬
‫‪ Casing‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﮑﻢ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﮓ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺒﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫
‪Electric Generator : 29‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻔﺮﺳﺘﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۷‬‬

‫‪ELECTRICIAN‬‬
‫ﺑﺮق ﻛﺎر‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻀﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪FIXED CHOKE‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه‬
‫
‪Elevator : 27‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﺁﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ELECTRIC HOUSE‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﮊﻧﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫‪FLOAT VALVE‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻨﻞ ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ‬
‫‪(۲۸‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬
‫‪SCR Unit‬‬

‫
‪SCR Unit : 28‬‬

‫‪ELECTRIC GENERATOR‬‬
‫
‪Float Valve : 30‬‬
‫ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮر ﺑﺮق‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ‬ ‫‪FLOORMAN‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۲۹‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎرﮔﺮ ﺳﻜﻮ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،Kelly ،‬ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪Rotary Helper ROGHNECK‬‬

‫‪١٣‬‬
‫‪FOURBLE‬‬
‫ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﭘﻴﭻ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻟﻮ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪FOURBLE BOARD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺩﻛﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺩﻛﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺗﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻛﻞ ﭼﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪FUEL TANK‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻧﮏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫
‪Hook : 31‬‬
‫‪GUY LINE‬‬
‫ﺧﻂ ﻣﻬﺎر‬ ‫‪HOPPER‬‬
‫آﺧﻮرك ﮔﻞ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻂ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻔﻆ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﻴﻒ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﺸﻚ )‬
‫‪HARD HAT‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻮﺩﺭ ﺭﺱ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ ( ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﻛﻼه اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۲‬‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻓﻠﺰﻳﺎ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺳﺨﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪HEAVY WALL DRILL PIPE‬‬

‫‪HOISTING COMPONENTS‬‬
‫اﺟﺰاء ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺎﺝ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮﻱ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﭙﻮﻝ ﻛﺖ‬
‫
‪Hopper : 32‬‬
‫ﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﻫﻮﺍﻳﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪HYDRODYNAMIC BRAKE‬‬
‫‪HOOK‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻫﻴﺪرو دﻧﻴﺎﻣﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻗﻼب ﺣﻔﺎري‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﻔﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮ ﻳﺎ ‪ swivel‬ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ )ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ( ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 100‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 650‬ﺗﻦ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۳‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ bearing‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﭼﺮﺧﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۱‬‬

‫
‪Electric Break : 33‬‬

‫‪١٤‬‬
‫‪IN SIDE BLOWOUT PREVENTER‬‬
‫ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮﻑ‪) ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ( ﺑﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪JACKNIFE MAST‬‬
‫دﻛﻞ ﺧﻮد ﻓﺮاز ﭼﺎﻗﻮﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻴﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫
‪Jet Bit : 35‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻭ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫)‪JOINT (SINGLE‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل ﺷﺎﺧﻪ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺒﻲ ﺁﻥ ‪ 30ft‬ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ‬
‫‪JACKUP RIG‬‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ) ﺩﺍﻳﺲ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري ﺟﻚ آپ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻭ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬ ‫‪KELLY‬‬
‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺶ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻜﺸﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺵ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۴‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮ ﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﮔﺬﺭ ﮔﻞ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪KELLY BUSHING‬‬
‫ﺑﻮش ﻛﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺵ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ‪(master bushing‬‬
‫)ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﺸﺘﺎﻭﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
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‪Jack Up Rig : 34‬‬ ‫‪DRIVE BUSHING‬‬

‫‪JET BIT‬‬ ‫‪KELLY COCK‬‬

‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﻣﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺍﺭﺥ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺮ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻛﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﻫﺎﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﺮ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻒ ﭼﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮ ﻳﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻳﻲ ﻣﺘﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۵‬‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺧﺮ ﻃﻮﻣﻲ ‪ Kelly‬ﺟﻠﻮ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ ‪Kelly upper‬‬
‫‪ cock‬ﻭ ﺷﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻨﻲ ﻛﻠﻲ ‪Kelly‬‬
‫‪ lower cock‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٥‬‬
‫‪KELLY SAVER SUB‬‬
‫ﻃﻮق ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻛﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﻮﻗﻬﺎﻳﻲ )ﺳﺎﺏ ‪ (SUB‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺠﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﭘﺸﺖ ﺳﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻃﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻲ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬
‫
‪Location : 37‬‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪LOGGING DEVICES‬‬
‫‪KELLY SPINNER‬‬ ‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﻤﻮدارﮔﻴﺮي‬
‫ﻛﻠﻲ ﮔﺮدان‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺵ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﭘﻴﭻ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﻔﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫‪MAKE A CONNECTION‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻕ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺘﻔﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۶‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ ) ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ۳۰‬ﻓﻮﺕ( ﻋﻤﻴﻖ ﺗﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪MAKE A TRIP‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻣﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻐﺰﻩ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻭﺭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ‪ Trip‬ﭼﺎﻩ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪MAST‬‬
‫دﻛﻞ ﺧﻮد ﻓﺮاز‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻛﻞ‬

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‪Kelly Spinner : 36‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰﺀ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ‬
‫‪LOAD GUY LINE‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺧﻂ ﻣﻬﺎر ﺑﺎر‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻂ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪MASTER BUSHING‬‬
‫ﺑﻮش اﺻﻠﻲ‬
‫‪LOCATION‬‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ)‪ (Rotary table‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ‪ Kelly bushing‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻐﺰﺵ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ‪ Kelly‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻧﻜﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ‪ ،‬ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ‪ Kelly‬ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﺎﻕ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 700*1400‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۷‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫‪MECHANIC‬‬
‫‪Well Site‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٦‬‬
 ‫‪MUD TANKS‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻧﻜﻬﺎي ﮔﻞ‬
‫‪MIX MUD‬‬ ‫ﻳﮑﺴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﻧﮏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻗﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻞ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻛﺮدن ﮔﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻭ‬
‫ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻧﻲ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﮔﻞ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﮔﻞ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻴ ﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻩ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎﻧﻜﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪shaker‬‬
‫‪MONKEY BOARD‬‬ ‫‪pits, settling pits, reserve pit, middle pit suction pits‬‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮي دﻛﻠﺒﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۳۹‬‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﻛﻠﺒﺎﻥ)‪ (Derrick man‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺩﻛﻞ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻳﻚ ‪ Stand‬ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻛﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻜﻮ)‪(Rough neck‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﻲ ﭼﻴﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪MOTORMAN‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﻣﻦ – ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫‪MOUSE HOLE‬‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﻘﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ‪floor‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ cat walk‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪ air hoist‬ﺑﺎﻻ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫
‪Mud Tanks : 39‬‬
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﺭﺥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ‬
‫‪MUD RETURN LINE‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ‪ BOP‬ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ‪ shale shaker‬ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ‪ mouse hole‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪ air hoist‬ﺑﻪ ‪ catwalk‬ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪MUD DENSITY RECORDER‬‬
‫‪MUD BOX‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪MUD LEVEL RECORDER‬‬

‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﮕﺎر ﻣﺨﺎزن ﮔﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ )ﺳﻄﺢ( ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﻞ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﻞ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺮﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﻞ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻭﺩ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺯﺭﻭﻱ ﮔﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۴۰‬‬

‫
‪Mud Box : 38‬‬

‫‪١٧‬‬
 ‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪PIN‬‬
‫ﻧﺮﻳﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ‬
‫‪(۴۲‬‬

‫
‪Mud Level Recorder : 40‬‬

‫‪MUD LOG‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮدار ﮔﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ‬
‫‪(۴۱‬‬ ‫
‪Pin : 42‬‬

‫‪PIPE RACK‬‬
‫ﺧﺮك ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭼﻴﺪﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪Casing Rack‬‬

‫
‪Mud Log : 41‬‬ ‫‪PIPE RAMP‬‬

‫ﻳﮏ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻭ ﺳﮑﻮﻱ‬
‫‪MUD LOGGING‬‬ ‫ﺩﮐﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳﮑﻮﻱ ﺩﮐﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮدار ﮔﻴﺮي ﮔﻞ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪V DOOR‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫‪NIPPLE‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪12‬‬
‫‪ inch‬ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪OFFSURE RIG‬‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري درﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‪ ،‬ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻚ ﺁﭖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻏﺮﻕ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﺎﻱ‬

‫‪١٨‬‬
‫‪PLUG TESTER‬‬ ‫‪RIG DOWN‬‬
‫ﺑﺎز ﻛﺮدن دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﻳﻚ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﺍ ‪Rig down‬‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪Tear Down‬‬

‫‪RIG FLOOR‬‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮي ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ ‪(Rotary‬‬
‫)‪ table‬ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﮔﻮﺷﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫
‪Plug Tester : 43‬‬

‫‪PREFAB‬‬
‫ﺑﺎدﮔﻴﺮ –ﺑﺎدﺷﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﻭﺭﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‬
‫ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪RATHOLE‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ‪ ۳۰‬ﺗﺎ ‪ ۳۵‬ﻓﻮﺕ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ )‪ (Trip‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫
‪Rig : 44‬‬
‫‪RESSERVE TANK‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺰن ذﺧﻴﺮه‬ ‫‪RIG UP‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﻞ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻦ و ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎ ﻛﺮدن دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﻭ ﺑﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ‬
‫‪ Rig up‬ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪RAM BLOWOUT PREVENTER‬‬
‫ﻓﻮرا اﻧﮕﻴﺮ ﻛﻮﺑﻪ اي‬ ‫‪ROTARY HOSE‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﺑﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮕﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﮐﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ‪Stand‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺯﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪pipe‬ﺑﻪ ‪ Swivel‬ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻨﺎ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ‪Mud hose‬ﻳﺎ ‪Kelly‬‬
‫‪Hose‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪RIG‬‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ‬ ‫‪ROLLER CONE BIT‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﺟﻲ – ﻣﺘﻪ ﻛﺎج ﻏﻠﺘﺎن‬
‫‪(۴۴‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺟﻲ ﻳﺎ ‪ Rock Bit‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺩﻭ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺝ ) ﺟﺰﺀ ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬

‫‪١٩‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﺗﺎﻗﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﻮﻱ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺎﺝ ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﺗﻜﻤﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻨﮕﺴﺘﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﻴﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ROTARY TABLE‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ دوار –ﻣﻴﺰدوار‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ‪Kelly‬ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫
‪Shale Shaker : 45‬‬

‫‪ROTATING COMPONENTS‬‬
‫اﺟﺰاء دوران دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري دوراﻧﻲ‬ ‫‪SHAKER TANK‬‬
‫ﺁﻧﺪﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﻱ )‪ (work over‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺯﺍﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺯﺍﻥ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﺵ ﺭﺍﻧﺶ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺵ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ‪ ROTARYTABLE‬ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪SHEAVE‬‬
‫ﻗﺮﻗﺮه ﺷﻴﺎردار‬
‫‪ROTATING DRILLING‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻮﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺯﻫﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪SAFETY CLAMS‬‬ ‫‪SLIDING DRILLING‬‬

‫‪SAFFETY GLASS‬‬ ‫‪SLIPS‬‬
‫ﻋﻴﻨﻚ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮔﻴﺮ‬
‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺮ ﭼﺸﻢ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﮔﻮﻩ ﺍﻱ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ‪ TRIP‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮ ﺗﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺨﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺰﻳﺪﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ‪ elevator‬ﺟﺪﺍ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻭ ‪ master bushing‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۴۶‬‬
‫‪SETTLING TANK‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺰﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪SHALLE SHAKER‬‬
‫اﻟﻚ ﻟﺮزان‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﺮﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺗﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﻲ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺭﻱ ﻫﺎ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫
‪Slips : 46‬‬
‫)ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۴۵‬‬
‫‪SPINNING CHAIN‬‬
‫زﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﭼﺮﺧ‪Ĥ‬ور‬
‫ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ‪ Y‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻴﭽﺎﻧﺪﻥ ) ﻭﺳﻔﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ( ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺮﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﭘﻴﭽﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ‬

‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪﺭﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺳﺒﺐ ﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫‪STABILIZER‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺖ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪STAIRWAYS‬‬

‫ﭘﻠﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺮﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪STANDPIPE‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ‪-‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اﻳﺴﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻄﺮﻑ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﭘﻤﭗ ﮔﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﮔﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺷﻮﺩ‪Stand pipe .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫‪ Kill line , Cellar‬ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۴۷‬‬
‫
‪Stabilizer : 48‬‬

‫‪STRING‬‬
‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ‪ Sting‬ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪SUBMERSIBLE DRILLING RIG‬‬

‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري ﻏﻮﻃﻪ ور‬
‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻏﻮﻃﻪ ﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫‪SUBSTRUCTURE‬‬
‫زﻳﺮ ﺳﺎزه‬
‫ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ‬
‫
‪Stand Pipe : 47‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬
‫‪STAND‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۴۹‬‬
‫اﺳﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻳﺎ ‪ ) Trip‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪SUCTION TANK‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺰن ﻣﻜﺶ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻ( ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﭼﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺰﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ‪ ۹۰‬ﻓﻮﺕ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪SWITCH AND CONTROL GEAR‬‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺮق‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﮊﻧﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢١‬‬
 ‫‪TOOL PUSHER‬‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﺣﻔﺎر‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪TOP DRIVE‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫‪Top‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ Kelly‬ﻭ ‪ rotary table‬ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪drive‬ﺑﺎ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻴﺰ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻱ ﮐﻒ ﺩﮐﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ‪ connection‬ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ‬
‫
‪Substructure : 49‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪SWIVEL‬‬
‫ﻫﺮز ﮔﺮد‬ ‫‪TOROUE INDICATOR‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺸﺘﺎور ﻧﻤﺎ‬
‫)‪ (Traveling block‬ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺸﺘﺎﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ )‪ (Rotary table‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ‪ swivel‬ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﻣﻲ ﭼﺮﺧﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺁﻥ‬

‫‪TOUR‬‬
‫ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺷﻴﻔﺖ – ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﻛﺎر‬
‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ‪ Kelly‬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﻔﺖ ‪ ۸‬ﻳﺎ ‪ ۱۲‬ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍ ‪ TOUR‬ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪TONG‬‬
‫آﭼﺎر ﺣﻔﺎري‬
‫‪TRAVELING BLOCK‬‬
‫ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺳﻔﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮه ﺳﻴﺎر‬
‫ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭ )ﭼﺮﺧﻚ ﻫﺎ( ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۵۰‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪TRIP‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪WASHOVER PIPE‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻴﻜﻪ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﮔﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮔﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ‬
‫
‪Tong : 50‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪TOOL JOINT‬‬ ‫‪WATER TANK‬‬

‫اﺑﺰار ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﻮﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﮐﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺁﻟﻴﺎﮊﻱ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٢‬‬
‫‪WATER TABLE‬‬

‫‪WEIGHT INDICATOR‬‬
‫وزن ﻧﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﻜﺮ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺩﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ)ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻗﻼﺏ ‪ (HOOK LOAD‬ﻭ ﻭﺯﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ )ﻭﺯﻥ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺘﻪ ‪WEIGHT ON BIT‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‪) .‬ﺷﮑﻞ ‪(۵۱‬‬

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‪weight Indicator : 51‬‬

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