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HamelJ1985m 1b
HamelJ1985m 1b
HamelJ1985m 1b
A THESIS
DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
THUNDER BAY, ONTARIO
FEBRUARY, 1985
ProQuest Number: 10611291
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Page
Acknowledgements ii
List of Tables... v
List of Appendices vi
Abstract vii
The Problem 1
The Issue 3
Social Interaction 7
Self-Disclosure 13
Egocentrism and Perspective-Taking 22
METHOD 32
Subjects 32
Measures 33
Procedure 35
RESULTS 37
Demographic Data 37
Intimacy of Self-Disclosure 38
Reciprocal Disclosure 39
Disclosure Reciprocity 39
Intimacy of Reciprocal Disclosure 40
Unique Intimacy . 40
Cumulative Intimacy.... 41
Validity Checks 41
Correlational Analyses 43
IV DISCUSSION 47
V REFERENCES 52
VI APPENDICES. 60
iV
LIST OF TABLES
Page
APPENDICES
Page
A. Demographic Information 60
F. Letter of Introduction 72
G. Letter of Consent 74
perceptions or complaints.
The Problem
depressive symptoms.
The Issue
suggests that the needs and values of old age are the same
Social Interaction
& Allen (1980) found that isolation from family members was
functioning.
the SRO.
identified in"the’NAP.
authors.
Self-Disclosure
investigated.
disclosure.
self-disclosure.
college students.
throughout adulthood.
Suchotliff, 1966).
correlated.
Method
Subjects
rural senior citizens home. The mean age of the male and
33
subjects were married, and two were single, The two most
Measures
Durham, 1965).
nurse).
Procedure
telephone.
Results
Demographic Data
Table 1
manner.
X=40.21, respectively).
19 and 76. The raw scores were then converted to the SDS
index which expresses the scores as a decimal that in turn
present.
Validity Checks
63.27%.
Correlational Analyses
in Table 2.
44
Table 2
Depression
li,
CO
14.
13.
)
o Oi -3
Cumulative Intimacy
Perspective-taking O ' O •—I
unique Intimacy
GO —I CD GO
zs -1. 3
to <-h
—E 0 fD fD O O fD O
c+ (/) CO <-l- 3 s fD to 0 r+ 3 GO
O O -J- O -J- r+ to
fD
-$
to
_i. cu Q_
fD
—' 3 —' 3 01 CL 01 —I
OJ o O Cu O O) O c+ fD
■o
O CO CO O to o C+
£= E ^ c «< fD I—t -s
fD -s -s
n> o
-s
O) o
O. fD
-s
3 fD
ci-JO
ro
yo ”h Oi
to
O
fD E
S fD
yo m cn S 3 51i 3
n> n Oi E (O to O O
o -s.
to
cr fD c+‘<
— -a G-J.
X3 -s a> fD o’ O
-s o
ro »—» GJ
ro GJ
and Perspective-Taking
to H-A o
on on ro
)(■ 3f
to to ro on
00 o
ro ro ro ro 4^ on
00 I—* -15» fNJ GJ
on ro ro o GJ
O GJ to on oo
4i.
ro
GJ GJ 00
GJ to 00
ro O 42s. o o ro to
o on GJ on I—* ro ro
I I
on cn ro GJ GJ
on
42. 42i> ro
on
oo 00 -|2> ro
*
on ro (JO ro
on
GO ro
cn
ro ro o
ro on
ro
O GO GJ 00
* I
O -C=>
CAJ
on ro ro ro 1N3
on on o GJ ro ro ro GJ o
o o o O O O ro o
on 4i» on GJ GJ GJ 00 00
45
Discussion
References
Development, 6, 293-307.
Brewer, M.B., & Mittelman, J. (1980) Effects of normative
Association.
109-114.
623.
787-792
54
25, 161-179.
27, 511-523.
73-92.
37-48.
295-301.
Rubin, K.H., Attewell, P.W., Tierney, M.C., & Tumolo, P.
Psychology, 9, 432.
71-81, 114.
63-70.
60
APPENDIX A
Demographic Information
61
Demographic Information
1. Gender: 1. male
2. female
APPENDIX B
Category 1:
children
3
4
Category 2;
neighbors
Category 3;
confidants
Category 4:
other friends
1
65
Category 5:
other relatives
Category 6;
young people
Category 7:
group activities
Category 8:
others
3
66
APPENDIX C
Self-Disclosure Index
(Disclosure-Output)
67
Self-Disclosure Index
(Disclosure-Output)
Target 4."
1 2 3 4 5
(Inside) (Outside)
12 3 4
APPENDIX D
Self-Disclosure Index
(Disclosure Knowledge)
69
Self-Disclosure- Index
(Disclosure Knowledge)
3; Target 4"
1 2 3 4 5
(Inside) (Outside)
12 3 4
02. Things he/she has done which he/she feels guilty about
APPENDIX E
1 2 3 4
APPENDIX F
Letter of Introduction
73
Hello,
are: How you are feeling, how often you see or hear from
about and what your friends talk to you about (these are
Sincerely,
Jocelyne Hamel
74
APPENDIX G
Letter of Consent
75
Letter of Consent
Signature
Witness
APPENDIX H
Instructions:
Display 1:
Side Position:
Opposite Position:
Where S had "used up" his second attempt in the previous sub-
task :
78
3 correct
0 egocentric
Display 2
(both subtasks)
4 configuration correct
1 miscellaneous
0 egocentric
Display 3
(both subtasks)
1 miscellaneous
Display 4
(both subtasks)