INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AND OPERATING SYSTEM

C.A.T 1
NAME: PRINCE ELDAD WAFULA
REG NO: T020/302365/2023
A)i)ROM is a type of memory that stores data permanently while RAM is the type
of memory that stores data temporarily.
ii)BIOS is firmware that initializes hardware during the boot process and provides
a software interface for the operating system while CMOS is a type of memory
technology used to store BIOS settings.
ii)Internet is a global network that connects computers and devices worldwide
allowing them to communicate and share information while World Wide web is a
system of interconnected documents and resources accessed through the
internet.
iv)Warm boot refers to restarting a computer without turning the power off while
cold boot refers to starting a computer that is off.
v)Open source software refers to software that is released with a license that
allows users to view the source code while free ware software refers to software
that is available for free but the source code may not be accessible.
vi)Virtual memory is a memory management technique used by Os to expand the
available memory beyond the physical RAM while cache memory is a small
memory that stores frequently accessed data.
vii)Object oriented programming is a programming that organizes code into
objects while procedural oriented programming is a programming that follows a
linear step-by-step approach.
B)i)Speed; main memory is faster than secondary memory
Ii) Capacity; main memory has limited capacity compared to secondary memory.
iii) Cost; main memory is more expensive compared to secondary memory.
iv) Volatility; main memory is volatile than secondary memory.
C)i). Battery-Ensure the battery is long-lasting.
ii) Portability-the laptop should be more portable
iii) Display-consider the size and resolution
iv) Performance-look for a laptop with sufficient RAM.
v) Connectivity-ensure the laptop has wireless connectivity
D)i) Distraction and productivity loss: the internet can be source of distraction for
employees leading to decreased productivity.
ii)Information overload: The internet exposes the organization into various
security threats
iii) The information available on the internet can overwhelm the employees.
iv) Dependancy and reliability:Technical problems can hinder communication.
E)i) Windows: it is used by many individuals and organizations and provides a
user-friendly interface.
ii)Linux: is an open source Os that is widely used in servers and supercomputers.
iii)macOS:is the Os that offers a sleek user interface.
F)i)Memory(RAM):It provides fast access to data allowing efficient program
execution.
ii)Motherboard:is the main circuit board that connects and allows communication
between all components of the computer.
iii)Storage devices:enables a computer to store data either temporarily or
permanently.
iv) Processor (CPU): It acts as the brain of the computer since it carries out
instructions and perform calculations.