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GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Bogbodbmre fb ^bgurloçl fe Vrljlade,


Ibijres fe ^B^IV, Vínomnes fb ^bgurloçl
fe Vrljlade, Iífmnes fe Vrljlade, Gbsterbs b
Neosuaterbs fb ^^V, Neotlferbs b eutres
precmssmeolms rbalnmeolfls nei l ^^V...

Senës tëi l epertuomflfb fb lkuflr ls biprbsls l terolr sbus


lijmbotbs ilms sbgures b slufìvbms, jbi neie rbfuzmr nustes
ltrlvís fe gbrbonmlibote fb rmsnes b nei l gbstîe fe CLX.

>
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

^uiìrme
Lprbsbotlçîe 3
Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms GZE 7
E qub í Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms5 4
Xer qub clzbr e Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms5 =
Neotbxte Dmstþrmne <<
J^ 4488 <<
ED^L^ <488< <:
EZGLOM[LÇÎE MOVBZOLNMEOLA FE VZLJLADE (EMV) <>
M^E 6288< <6

Neiprbbofbofe e neotbxte fl Oevl OZ 8< b e GZE <3


Cmqub per fbotre fl Oevl OZ 8< <7
Bstruturl fe XGZ plrl GZE <=
Vrltlibote fmcbrbonmlfe plrl IBM, IB b BXX <=

Xregrlil fb Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes - XGZ :8


E qub í XGZ5 (Motrefuçîe, Neonbmtulçîe) :<
Bstruturl fe XGZ plrl GZE :<
Mfbotmcmnlçîe fb Xbrmges b Zmsnes :>
Loìamsb fb Zmsnes :>
Iltrmz fb Zmsnes :2
Nalssmcmnlçîe fb Zmsnes :2
Lvlamlçîe fb Zmsnes :2
Ibfmfls fb Neotreab :3
Xaloe fb Lçîe :7

Clter Lnmfbotìrme fb Xrbvboçîe „ CLX :4


Fbcmomçîe fe CLX :=
Neotbxte Dmstþrmne fe CLX >8
Ejkbtmves fe CLX >8
Ibtefeaþgmnl fb Nìanuae fe CLX >8
Btlpls fe Nìanuae fe CLX ><
< Nìanuae fes éofmnbs fb Crbquëonml, Grlvmflfb b Nuste; >:
: Erfbolibote fes Bstljbabnmibotes fl ^ujnalssb NOLB >:
> Nìanuae fes Xbrnbotms fb Erfbi fb Crbquëonml, Grlvmflfb b Nuste >:
6 Nìanuae fe Éofmnb Neipeste >:
Neie e CLX miplntl bneoeimnlibotb ls biprbsls >>
Neie e GZE miplntl oe fbsbipbode fls biprbsls >2
Bstruturl fe XGZ plrl e GZE >3
Bstruturl plrl gbstîe fe CLX >3
ZBCBZËONML^ >7
Luter >4

6
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Lprbsbotlçîe

Neie e Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms miplntl e


fbsbipbode fb ^^V fb uil biprbsl5
L ìrb
rbll fb ^b
^bgu
gurl
rloç
oçll b ^l
^lûf
ûfbb oe Vrl
rljl
jlad
ade
e (^
(^^V
^V)) í neo
eodb
dbnm
nmffl pb
pbal
al su
sull ltu
tulç
lçîe
îe cr
crbo
bottb
ès ob
obnb
nbss
ssmf
mflf
lfbs
bs fb nu
nuip
iprm
rmib
ibot
ote
e fb fm
fmsp
spes
esmt
mtmv
mves
es ab
abgl
glms
ms,, pr
prmo
monm
nmpl
plai
aibo
botb
tb ls Oe
Oeri
rils
ls
Zbgualibotlferls (OZs).

B ms
msse
se gb
gbrl
rl ui
uill pb
pbrn
rnbp
bpçî
çîe
e fb ej
ejrm
rmgl
glçî
çîe,
e, oe sb
sbot
otmf
mfe
e fb ej
ejrm
rmgl
glte
terrmb
mbfflfb
fb.. B pe
perr ms
msse
se í
neiui euvmries ‑Xer qub msse prbnmsl sbr cbmte5 Xerqub í ejrmgltþrme, bstì ol OZ’.

B, plrl imi, bssb í e prmonmpla ietmve fl ìrbl fb ^^V oîe sbr trltlfl nei l fbvmfl
mipertêonml fbotre fls biprbsls. Kì qub l latl amfbrloçl oîe vë sbotmfe ouil

2
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

ltulçî
ltulçîe
e lp
lpbol
bolss pl
plrl
rl nu
nuip
iprm
rmrr fm
fmsp
spes
esmt
mtmv
mves
es ab
abgl
glms
ms cr
crbot
botbb le
less rb
rbsu
suat
atlf
lfes
es b ej
ejkb
kbtm
tmve
vess fl
erglomzlçîe neie ui tefe.

Fbstll ce
Fbst ceri
ril,
l, pr
prbn
bnms
msli
lies
es qu
qubj
bjrl
rlrr bs
bstb
tb pl
plrl
rlfm
fmgi
gil.
l. B ie
iest
strl
rlrr ès bi
bipr
prbs
bsls
ls b oe
oess
sses
es
namb
nambot
otbs
bs qu
qubb se
seie
iess pr
prec
ecms
mssm
smeo
eolm
lms,
s, qu
qubb pe
pefb
fbie
iess cl
clzb
zbrr iu
iumt
mte
e il
ilms
ms pb
pbae
aess rb
rbsu
suat
atlf
lfes
es b
sustbotljmamflfb fl erglomzlçîe fe qub lpbols nuiprmr fmspesmtmves abglms.

B l prmonmpla cmolamflfb fbstb bjee` í lkuflr precmssmeolms fb ^^V l qubjrlr bstb


plrl
plrlfm
fmgi
gill b ab
abvl
vlrr l ìr
ìrbl
bl fb ^^
^^V
V pl
plrl
rl eu
eutr
tre
e pl
pltl
tlil
ilr.
r. Ri oé
oévb
vbaa bs
bstr
trlt
ltíg
ígmn
mne
e fb
fbot
otre
re fl
flss
biprbsls.

3
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Gbrbonmlibote fb
Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms

GZE
E qub venë mrì vbr sejrb GZE;

◅ E qub í GZE5 (Motrefuçîe, Neonbmtulçîe)


◅ Xer qub clzbr e GZE5
G ZE5 (Kustmcmnltmvl)
◅ Neotbxte dmstþrmne fe GZE5 (Zbcbrëonmls tínomnls)
◅ Neiprbbofbofe e neotbxte fl Oevl OZ 8< b e GZE
◅ Cmnlofe per fbotre fl Oevl OZ 8< b e GZE
◅ Bstruturl fe XGZ plrl e GZE
◅ Vrltlibote fmcbrbonmlfe plrl IBM, IB b BXX

7
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

E qub í Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms5


Í e lte fb palobklr, mipabibotlr b neotrealr lçòbs prbvbotmvls b nerrbtmvls plrl
rbfuzmr l prejljmamflfb fl enerrëonml fb bvbotes qub prevenli floes b pbrfls „
lnmfbotbs b feboçls rbalnmeolfls le trljlade.

B fb
fbst
stll ce
ceri
ril,
l, il
ilot
otbr
br ui ba
babv
bvlf
lfe
e gr
grlu
lu fb ne
neoc
ocml
mljm
jmamamfl
flfb
fb b sb
sbgu
gurl
rloç
oçll ou
oui
i li
lijm
jmbo
botb
tb
fb trljlade, per ibme fb;

◅ Bamimolr es bvbotes qub prevenli floes b pbrfls0


◅ Zbfuz
uzmmr l bxpesmçîe fes trljladlferbs les bvbotes qub prevenli floes b
pbrfls0 b
◅ Imomimzlr l sbvbrmflfb fes bvbotes qub prevenli floes b pbrfls.

^bofe lssmi, plrl ui Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms í obnbssìrme l


mfbotmcmnlçîe fes pbrmges b rmsnes, loìamsb, lvlamlçîe b neotreabs fbssbs rmsnes
mfbotmcmnlfes, jbi neie e ieomterlibote b l loìamsb nrétmnl fes rmsnes
mfbotmcmnlfes, es lnmfbotbs b es petbonmlms lfebnmibotes fes trljladlferbs,
pessmjmamtlofe lçòbs plrl l preieçîe fb lijmbotbs fb trljlade ilms sbgures b
slufìvbms.

B, ob
obst
stbb sbo
bottmf
mfe,
e, e pr
prmo
monnmp
mpla
la ej
ejkkbt
btmv
mve
e fe Gb
Gbrb
rbon
onml
mlib
ibot
ote
e fb Zm
Zmssne
ness Enu
nupl
plnm
nmeo
eollms í l
ibaderml neotéoul fe fbsbipbode bi ^bgurloçl b ^lûfb oe o e Vrljlade (^^V).

B es rbqumsmtes jìsmnes fb ui paloe, pregrlil eu smstbil plrl e GZE, neoc


oce
erib l
OZ 8< í;

◅ Bvmtlr es rmsnes qub pessli sbr ermgmolfes oe trljlade0


◅ Lvlamlr es rmsnes qub oîe pessli sbr bvmtlfes0
◅ Mipabibotlr ibfmfls fb prbvboçîe, euvmfes es trljladlferbs0
◅ Lflptlr e trljlade le trljladlfer.

4
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Xer qub clzbr e Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes


Enuplnmeolms5
Veffl b qu
Ve qula
laqqub
ubrr bi
bipr
prbs
bsll pe
pess
ssum
um mo
monb
nbrt
rtbz
bzlls qub ne
nei
ipr
prei
eibt
btbi
bi es sb
sbus
us ej
ejkb
kbtm
tmve
ves.
s.
Xlrl bssls monbrtbzls flies e oeib fb rmsne.
B e rmsne pefb sbr fbcmomfe, neocerib l LJOV OJZ M^E ><888, neie bxprbsse bi
tbries fl neijmolçîe fls neosbquëo ëonnmls fb ui bvbote nei l prejljmamammflfb fl
sul enerrëonml.

Kì ol ìrbl fb ^^V, tbies e Zmsne Enuplnmeola, qub pefb sbr fbcmomfe neie l
neij
ne ijmo
mollçî
çîe
e fl pr
prej
ejlj
ljmamamf
mfllfb fb ene
nerrrb
rbrr ab
absî
sîe
e eu lgr
grllve è sl
slûf
ûfbb nlulusl
slfe
fess pe
perr ui
bvbo
bvbote
te pb
pbrm
rmge
gese
se,, bx
bxpe
pesm
smçîçîe e l lgb
gbot
otbb oe
oenm
nmve
ve eu bx
bxmg
mgëo
ëonnml fl ltm
tmvm
vmfflf
lfbb fb trl
rljl
jlad
adeeb
fl sbvbrmflfb fbssl absîe eu lgrlve è slûfb, neocerib l OZ 8< „ Fmspesmçòbs
Gbrlms b Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms.

Fbstl ceril, uil fls prmonmplms cmolamflfbs fl ìrbl fb ^^V í gbrbonmlr es rmsnes
enuplnmeolms, ilotbofe ui lijmbotb fb trljlade nei babvlfe grlu fb
neocmljmamflfb b sbgurloçl. ^bofe qub sbgurloçl í ‑ui bstlfe fb jlmxl
prej
prejlljm
jmamamfflfb fb en
ener
errë
rëon
onml
ml fb bv
bvbo
bote
tess qu
qubb pr
prev
even
enlli floe
oess b pb
pbrf
rflls’
s’.. (N
(Nllrf
rfba
baal
al,,
:88=).

Botîe,
Botîe, e ej
ejkb
kbtm
tmve
ve fl ìr
ìrbl
bl fb ^^
^^V
V í ‑i
‑iba
bade
derl
rlrr ls neo
eoffmç
mçòb
òbss b e li
lijm
jmbo
bottb fb trl
rljl
jlad
ade’
e’..
(EMV, :8<<).

B, fbstl ceril, neotrmjumr oîe sþ nei ls biprbsls, ils tlijíi nei es


trljladlferbs b e Gevbroe, eu sbkl, nei l senmbflfb bi gbrla, kì qub es rmsnes
enup
en upln
lnme
meol
olms
ms ne
neip
ipre
reib
ibtb
tbi
i es ej
ejkb
kbtm
tmve
vess fl
flss bi
bipr
prbs
bsls
ls,, l sl
slûf
ûfbb b mot
motbg
bgrm
rmfl
flfb
fb cé
césm
smnl
nl
fes trljladlferbs b ls fbspbsls b es sbrvmçes fe Gevbroe.

Ils neie enerrb bstb neipreibtmibote5

E Gb
Gbrb
rbon
onml
mlib
ibotote
e fb Zm
Zmsn
snes
es En
Enupupln
lnme
meol
olms
ms ba
babv
bvll l ne
neococml
mljm
jmamamfl
flfb
fb b sb
sbgu
gurl
rloç
oçll fb ui
lijm
li jmbo
botb
tb fb tr
trlj
ljla
lade
de.. B, fb
fbst
stll ce
ceri
ril,
l, rb
rbfu
fuzz l pr
prej
ejlj
ljmamamf
mflf
lfbb fb en ener
errë
rëon
onml
ml fb bv
bvbo
bote
tess
qub prevenli floes b pbrfls.

B l bs
bstb
tbss bv
bvbo
bote
tess rb
rbal
alnm
nmeo
eoli
lies
es es ln
lnmf
mfbo
botb
tbss fb tr
trlj
ljla
lade
de b ls fe
febo
boçl
çlss rb
rbal
alnm
nmeo
eolf
lfls
ls
le trljlade.

B bstbs bvbotes tëi ui miplnte smgomcmnltmve plrl l ^enmbflfb.

=
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

^bguo
^bg uoffe l Erg
rglo
lomzmzllçî
çîe
e Mo
Mottbr
brol
olnnme
meol
olaa fe Vrl
rljl
jlad
ade
e (E
(EMVMV)), e mi
mipl
plnnte bn
bneo
eoöi
öimn
mne
e fes
lnmf
ln mfbo
botb
tbss fb tr
trlljl
jlad
ade
e b feb
eboç
oçls
ls rb
rbal
alnnme
meol
olffes le tr
trlljl
jladade
e í fb lp
lpre
rexm
xmi
ilf
lfllib
ibot
otbb
>,=6% fe Xrefute Motbroe Jrute (XMJ) iuofmla le loe.

Xertl
Xertlotote,
e, ab
abvl
vlof
ofe
e bi neoeosm
smffbr
brlç
lçîe
îe qu
qubb e XMJ fe Jr
Jrllsm
smaa bi :8
:8<=
<= ce
cemm fb 7,
7,>> tr
trmamadò
dòbs
bs fb
rblm
rblmss (M
(MJ
JGB
GB,, :8
:8:8
:8)), e nu
nust
ste
e pl
plrl
rl e pl
pléés ne
nei
i l lnm
nmffbo
bottla
lamf
mfllfb í fb lp
lprerexm
xmiilflfllibibot
otbb
:48 jmadòbs fb rblms per loe.

B sb abvlries bi neosmfbr brllçîe lpbobolls l neonbssîe fes jbobcénmes lnmfbotìrmes


(J=<
(J=<,, J=
J=:,
:, J=> b J=6
=6)) pb
pbal
al Xrb
rbvm
vmffëo
ëonnml ^e
^ennml
mla,a, neo
eonb
nbffmf
mfe
es bi :8
:8<4
<4,, l fb
fbsp
spbs
bsll pl
plrl
rl
e Gevbroe cem fb lprexmilflibotb <>,< jmadòbs fb rblms, neocerib flfes fe
Ejsbrvltþrme Fmgmtla fb ^lûfb b ^bgurloçl fe Vrljlade.

Ils lmofl dì eutres miplntes le Gevbroe, trljladlferbs b biprbsls, neie


fbstlnlfes ljlmxe;

Gevbroe Biprbsls
√ Xlglibote fb jbobcénmes
jbobcénmes √ Luibote fl neotrmjumçîe
neotrmjumçîe fe ^bgure neotrl
neotrl Lnmfbotbs
Lnmfbotbs
lssmstbonmlms fb Vrljlade (CLX)
√ Fbsp
Fbspbsls
bsls nei
nei e ^R^ √ Fbsp
Fbspbsls
bsls iífmnls
iífmnls
√ Fbspbsls nei
nei e Nerpe
Nerpe fb √ Nustes nei lçòbs kufmnmlms,
kufmnmlms, mofbomzlçòbs
mofbomzlçòbs b lçòbs
Jeijbmres/^LIR rbgrbssmvls
√ Fbspbsls lfimomstrltmvls
lfimomstrltmvls b nei √ Xlglibote fe slaìrme
slaìrme oes prmibmres
prmibmres <2 fmls fb
precmssmeolms
precmssmeolms (^MV, Cuoflnbotre, ltbstlfe
NBZB^V) √ Nustes nei neotrltlçîe
neotrltlçîe b trbmolibote
trbmolibote plrl
Vrljladlferbs sujstmtumçîe
√ Nustes nei derls bxtrls
bxtrls
√ Zbfuçîe fl rbiuobrlçîe
rbiuobrlçîe √ Neipreibt
Neipreibtmibote
mibote fl qulamflfb
qulamflfb fe prefute eu fl
√ Fbspbsls nei ibfmnlibotes
ibfmnlibotes prbstlçîe fb sbrvmçes
√ Zbfuçîe tbiperìrml
tbiperìrml eu pbrilobotb √ Neotrmjumçîe fe CGV^ boqulote
boqulote e trljladlfer bstmvbr
bstmvbr
fl nlplnmflfb jmeibnêomnl b/eu
negomtmvl √ lclstlfe
Zbfuçîe fl prefuçîe
prefuçîe
√ Motbrcbrëon
Motbrcbrëonml
ml ol vmfl climamlr
climamlr b √ Ltrl
Ltrlse
se fls botrbgls
botrbgls
neovévme senmla √ Xlrlfls fb iìqumols,
iìqumols, bqumplibotes
bqumplibotes eu prenbsses
√ Milgbi rbputlçîe
rbputlçîe fl
fl biprbsl

Xertlo
Xert lote
te,, pb
pbrn
rnbj
bjb-
b-sb
sb l il
ilgo
gomt
mtuf
ufbb fe
fess mi
mipl
plnt
ntes
es bn
bneo
eoöi
öimn
mnes
es b se
senm
nmlm
lmss fe
fess ln
lnmf
mfbot
botbs
bs
fb trljlade b feboçls rbalnmeolfls le trljlade è senmbflfb bi gbrla.

B í per msse qub dì l obnbssmflfb fb sb clzbr e Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes


Enup
Enupln
lnme
meol
olms
ms;; pl
plrl
rl rb
rbfu
fuzm
zmrr l pr
prej
ejlj
ljmamamf
mflf
lfbb fl en
ener
errë
rëon
onml
ml fb bv
bvbo
bote
tess qu
qubb pr
prev
even
enli
li
floes b pbrfls. B, fbstl ceril, neotrmjumr nei ls biprbsls ol;

<8
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

◅ Zbfuçîe fb nustes
◅ Ilmer prefutmvmflfb
◅ Neocerimflfb/Neipamlonb
◅ Zbputlçîe/Milgbi

Kì plrl es trljladlferbs;
◅ Iboes lnmfbotbs/feboçls/absòbs
◅ Ilmer jbi-bstlr
◅ Ilms fmgomflfb b qulamflfb fb vmfl

B plrl e Gevbroe;

◅ Iboes fbspbsls
◅ Ibader ltbofmibote/prbstlçîe fb sbrvmçe è senmbflfb

<<
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Neotbxte Dmstþrmne

^brì qub ls fmrbtrmz


^br mzbs
bs b rbqumsmtes fe GZE, rbnb
nbootbibotb mosbrmfes ol
Oevl OZ 8<, í uil oevmflfb5

Oe Jrlsma, oîe dlvml oboduil rbgualibotlçîe l rbspbmte fe Gbrbonmlibote fb


Zmsrqub
perq
pe neub
s bi
Enulaplguos
nmos
lagu eolsb msgibo
sbgi „ bote
letesi
s bdl
oevmli
dlvmsli
fbfmcrbtr
ertrmz
fmrb imzbs
lbslubtöoqums
ei
rbqu
rb lmtes
msmt b tqu
es mpmbcmniu
qub l nmte
iumt eeisbe lp
gbrexm
rlxmil
lpre a.ili
Mssie
fe bx
bxpe
pestste
e ol Oe
Oevlvl OZ 8<8<,, bi
bijejerl
rl la
lagu
guil
ilss bibiprprbs
bslsls b prprec
ecms
mssm
smeo
eolm
lmss kì lf
lfet
etls
lssb
sbii
fmrb
fmrbttrm
rmzb
zbss b rb
rbqu
qums
msmt
mte
es fb lag
agui
uilsls rbc
bcbr
brëo
ëonm
nmlls tí
tíno
nomn
mnlls l rbsbspb
pbmtmte
e fe tbtbil
il,, ls qul
ulms
ms
fbstlnl-sb ljlmxe;

J^ 4488

\ulote l Jrmtmsd ^tloflrfs 4488 í uil Oeril fb ermgbi mogabsl veatlfl plrl l
gbstîe fl slûfb b sbgurloçl enuplnmeola. Bal cem nrmlfl pbae Jrmtmsd ^tloflrf
Mostmtutmeo (J^M), sbofe qub cem pujamnlfl bi <==3.

<:
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Í ne
neos
osmf
mfbr
brllfl ne
neiie l oe
oerril pm
pmeo
eobm
bmrl
rl oe iu
iuof ofe
e pl
plrl
rl l mi
mipa
pallot
otlç
lçîe
îe fb ui smsmst
stbi
bill
fb gb
gbrb
rbon
onml
mliibo
botte fb rm
rmsn
snes
es en
enup
upln
lnme
meol
olms
ms.. Nei l cmo
mola
lamf
mflf
lfbb fl ib
ibad
ader
erml
ml ne
neot
otéo
éoul
ul
fls qubstòbs rbalnmeolfls è prbvboçîe fb lnmfbotbs b feboçls enuplnmeolms.

B bal í lpemlfl ols ibsils cbrrlibotls fe nmnae XFNL, neocerib milgbi ljlmxe;

Ceotb; J^ 4488, <==3.

ED^L^ <488<

Kì l Ennupltmeola Dblatd lof ^lcbty Lssbssibot ^brmbs (ED^L^) <488< í uil


rbcb
rbcbrë
rëon
onml
ml tí
tíno
nomn
mnll b tb
tbvb
vb l su
sull pr
prmi
mibm
bmrl
rl vb
vbrrsî
sîe
e pu
pujajamn
mnlf
lfll bi <=
<===
== lpþpþss bs
bstu
tuffes fb
ui gr
grup
upe
e fb er
ergl
glomomsi
sies
es nb
nbrrtm
tmcm
cmnnlf
lfer
erbs
bs b fb bobotm
tmfflf
lfbs
bs fb oe
oerril
ilamamzl
zlçî
çîe
e fl Mra
ralo
loffl,

Lu
Lust
strì
rìamamll, Ìcr
:887. crmn
mnll fe ^u
^ua,a, Bs
Bspl
plod
odll b Il
Ilaì
aìsm
sml.
l. ^b
^bof
ofe
e qu
qubb ce
cemm rb
rbvm
vmsl
slffl b lt
ltul
ulamamzl
zlfl
fl bi

B l prbimssl fbal brl luxmamlr ls biprbsls l neotrealr es rmsnes fb lnmfbotbs oe


aenl
aenlaa fb tr
trlj
ljla
lade
de.. ^b
^bof
ofe
e qu
qubb pe
perr iu
iumt
mtes
es lo
loes
es ce
cemm l pr
prmo
monm
nmpl
plaa rb
rbcb
cbrë
rëon
onml
ml pl
plrl
rl sm
smst
stbi
bils
ls
fb gbstîe fb ^^V.

L ED^L^ vmsl l ibaderml neotéoul fb sbu fbsbipbode bi slûfb enuplnmeola b


sbgurloçl fb sbus nealjerlferbs, per ibme fe nmnae ljlmxe;

<>
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Ceotb; ED^L^ <488<, :887

EZGLOM[LÇÎE MOVBZOLNMEOLA FE VZLJLADE (EMV)

B l Er
Ergl
glom
omzl
zlçî
çîe
e Mo
Motb
tbro
rollnm
nmeo
eolla fe Vrl
rljl
jlad
ade
e (E
(EMV
MV)) pu
puja
jamn
mneu
eu bi :8
:88<
8< e Gu
Gumf
mfba
bamo
mobs
bs eo
Ennupltmeola ^lcbty lof Dblatd Ilolgbibot ^ystbis (MAE-E^D :88<) b qub cem
trlfuzmfe bi :882 pbal CROFLNBOVZE.

^bo
boffe qub ls fmrbtrmzbs sejrb smstbibills fb gbstîe fl ^^V tmod odlli neie cmolamamfflfb
neot
ne otrrmj
mjum
umrr pl
plrl
rl pr
pret
etbg
bgbr
br trl
rljl
jlad
adlf
lfer
erbs
bs ne
neot
otrl
rl clt
lte
erb
rbss fb rms
msne
ne (p
(pbr
brmg
mges
es)) b ba
bami
mimo
molr
lr
absòbs, feboçls, monmfbotbs, fbgrlflçòbs fl slûfb b iertbs rbalnmeolfes le
trljlade.

B es prmonmplms babibotes fe smstbil fb gbs


bsttîe fl ^^V fl EMV tlijíi sbgumrli e
nmnae fb ibaderml neotéoul, neocerib milgbi ljlmxe;

<6
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Ceotb; EMV, :8<<.

M^E 6288<
B bi :8<4 tmvbies l pujamnlçîe M^E 6288< „ ^mstbil fb Gbstîe fb ^lûfb b
^bgurloçl Enuplnmeola, pbal Motbroltmeola Erglomzltmeo cer ^tloflrfmzltmeo.

Ltulai
Ltulaibo
botb
tb í l pr
prmo
monm
nmpl
plaa rb
rbcb
cbrë
rëon
onml
ml iu
iuof
ofml
mlaa bi tb
tbri
ries
es fb nb
nbrt
rtmc
mcmn
mnlç
lçîe
îe bi ib
ibad
ader
erml
ml
neotéoul fe fbsbipbode fb ^^V.

B sbu prmonmpla ejkbtmve í cerobnbr uil bstruturl plrl qub biprbsls pessli
gbrrbo
gb bonnml
mlrr es rm
rmssne
ness b ep
eper
ertu
tuom
omfflf
lfbs
bs,, vm
vmsl
slof
ofe
e pr
prbv
bvbo
bomr
mr ab
absò
sòbs
bs b pr
prej
ejab
abi
ils fb sl
slûf
ûfbb
rbalnmeolfes le trljlade, jbi neie prepernmeolr aenlms fb trljlade sbgures b
slufìvbms les trljladlferbs.

<2
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Lssmi
Lssmi ne
nei
i ls fb
fbil
ilms
ms rb
rbcb
cbrë
rëon
onml
mls,
s, ba
ball jl
jlsb
sbml
ml-s
-sbb oe
oess ba
babi
bibo
bote
tess fe XF
XFNL
NL,, ne
neoc
ocer
erib
ib
milgbi ljlmxe;

Ceotb; M^E 6288<, :8<4.

Fbstl ceril, pbrnbjb-sb qub fbsfb <==3 dì rbcbrëonmls tínomnls è rbspbmte fe


Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms, qub vmsli l ibaderml neotéoul, fe
fbsbipbode fb ^^V fb uil biprbsl, bstljbabnmfl pbae nmnae XFNL.

<3
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Neiprbbofbofe e neotbxte
fl Oevl OZ 8< b e GZE

Nei l pujamnlçîe fl Oevl OZ 8< „ Fmspesmçòbs Gbrlms b


Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms, tbies l prmibmrl Oeril
lutöoeil l rbspbmte fe lssuote oe plés, qub bstljbabnb ls fmrbtrmzbs b
rbqumsmtes plrl qub biprbsls mipabibotbi paloes, pregrlils eu
smstbils fb gbstîe nei l cmolamflfb fl ibaderml
ibad erml neotéoul fe
fbsbipbode fb ^^V.

Ils, tb
Ils, tbno
nomn
mnli
libot
botbb ba
ball oî
oîe
e lp
lprb
rbsb
sbot
otll ob
obod
odui
uill oe
oevm
vmfl
flfb
fb,, ne
neie
ie vm
vmst
ste
e lo
lotb
tbrm
rmer
erib
ibot
otbb -
l oîe sbr e sbu nrmtírme abgla oe Jrlsma.

<7
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Xeríi, sîe peunls ls biprbsls b precmssmeolms qub kì lfetlvli ls fmrbtrmzbs b


rbqumsmtes fls rbcbrëonmls tínomnls rbcbrbotb l Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes
Enuplnmeolms.

Fbstll ce
Fbst cerril
il,, bs
bspb
pbrrl-
l-sb
sb qu
qubb ba
ball iu
iuffb e pl
plrl
rlfm
fmgi
gill fb ^^
^^V
V oe Jr
Jrls
lsmama,, sl
slmo
moffe fl re
rettmo
moll
nlrterìrml, neie l qub tbies dekb nei laguils fenuibotlçòbs. B qub trlgl
prìtmnls rbabvlotbs pboslofe bi rbsuatlfes, eu sbkl, ol ibaderml neotéoul fe
fbsbipbode fb ^^V.

Xems e nuiprmibote fb OZs b eutres fmspesmtmves abglms oîe pefb sbr e peote fb
ndbglfl, cmolamflfb fe trljlade fl ìrbl fb ^^V, Ils smi ui fes ibmes plrl sb
lanloçlr e prmonmpla ejkbtmve fl ìrbl fb ^^V; neostruçîe fb lijmbo
bottbs fb trljlade
ilms sbgures b slufìvbms.

B nei l mipabibotlçîe b ibaderml neotéoul fb ui paloe, pregrlil eu smstbil fb


gbstîe fb ^^V neotrmjumrì iumte nei l preieçîe fb lijmbotbs fb trljlade ilms
sbgures b slufìvbms.

B ui lijmbotb fb trljlade ilms sbgure b slufìvba í pesmtmve plrl tefes;

Biprbs
Bipr bsls
ls;; tb
tbof
ofbb l bs
bstl
tlrr bi ne
neoc
ocer
erim
imfl
flfb
fb ne
neii es fm
fmsp
spes
esmt
mtmv
mves
es ab
abgl
glms
ms (N
(Nei
eipa
pamlmlon
onb)
b)
b neosbqubotbibotb rbfuzmr sbus éofmnbs fb lnmfbotlamflfb b lfebnmibote,
enls
en lsme
meol
olof
ofee tl
tlij
ijíi
íi l rb rbfu
fuçî
çîe
e fb nu
nust
stes
es (C
(CLX
LX,, lj
ljsb
sbot
otbé
bési
sie,e, mo
mofb
fbom
omzl
zlçò
çòbs
bs,, lç
lçòb
òbss
kufmnmlms) b luibote fb prefutmvmflfb.
prefutmvmflfb.

Vrljladlferbs; ibaderbs neofmçòbs fb trljlade b neosbqubotbibotb iboerbs


éofmnbs fb lnmfbotbs b lclstlibotes.

Gevbro
Gevbroe/
e/^e
^enm
nmbf
bflf
lfb;
b; ne
nei
i ib
iboe
oess ln
lnmf
mfbo
botb
tbss b fe
febo
boçl
çlss rb
rbal
alnm
nmeo
eolf
lfes
es le tr
trlj
ljla
lade
de,, tb
tbrì

iboes fbspbsls ltrbalfls (^R^, mofbomzlçòbs, jbobcénmes) b luibote fl
prefutmvmflfb fe plés.

Cmqub per fbotre fl Oevl OZ 8<

L oevl OZ 8< bstljbabnb qub ls biprbsls clçli e Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes


Enuplnmeolms, neocerib ls sbgumotbs fmrbtrmzbs b rbqumsmtes;

Bvmtlr es rmsnes enuplnmeolms prbsbotbs oes lijmbotbs fb trljlade0

<4
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

◅ Mfbotmcmnlr es pbrmges b pessévbms absòbs eu lgrlves è slûfb fes


trljladlferbs0
◅ Lvlamlr es rmsnes enuplnmeolms mofmnlofe e oévba fb rmsne0
◅ Nalssmcmnlr es rmsnes enuplnmeolms plrl fbtbrimolr l obnbssmflfb fb lfeçîe
fb ibfmfls fb prbvboçîe0

Mipabibotlr ibfmfls fb prbvboçîe, fb lnerfe nei l nalssmcmnlçîe fb rmsne b
ol erfbi fb prmermflfb0
◅ Lneiplodlr e neotreab fes rmsnes enuplnmeolms.

Fbstl ceril, ls biprbsls fbvbi mipabibotlr e Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes


Enuplnmeolms bi suls ltmvmflfbs. ^bofe qub e Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes
Enuplnmeolms (GZE) fbvb neostmtumr ui Xregrlil fb Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes
(XGZ).

B l nr
nrmt
mtír
írme
me fl er
ergl
glom
omzl
zlçî
çîe,
e, e XGZ pe
peffb sb
sbrr mi
mipa
pabi
bibo
botl
tlfe
fe pe
perr uo
uomf
mfllfb ep
epbr
brln
lnme
meol
ola,a,
sbter eu ltmvmflfb.
E XGZ fbvb neotbr, oe iéomie, es sbgumotbs fenuibotes;

◅ Movbotìrme fb rmsnes
◅ Xaloe fb lçîe

B es fe
fenu
nuib
ibot
otes
es mo
motb
tbgr
grlo
lotb
tbss fe XG
XGZ
Z fb
fbvb
vbi
i sb
sbrr ba
balj
ljer
erlf
lfes
es se
sejj l rb
rbsp
speo
eosl
sljm
jmamamfl
flfb
fb
fl erglomzlçîe, rbspbmtlfe e fmspeste ols fbilms OZs, fltlfes b lssmolfes.

Fbstl ceril, oîe dlvbrì ui precmssmeola rbs bsppeosìvba abglaibotb pbae XGZ, neie
tbie
tbiess de
dekb
kb ne
nei
i e XN
XNI^I^E, E, XX
XXZL
ZL,, Al
Aluf
ufe
e fb Mo
Mosl
slau
aujr
jrmf
mflf
lfb,
b, Al
Aluf
ufee fb Xb
Xbrm
rmnu
nuae
aesm
smfl
flfb
fb b
AVNL
AV NLV.
V. L rb
rbsp
speo
eosl
sljm
jmamamfl
flfb
fb fb ba
balj
ljer
erlç
lçîe
îe b mi
mipa
pabi
bibo
botl
tlçî
çîee fb ui pa
palo
loe,
e, pr
preg
egrl
rlil
il
eu smstbil sbrì fl biprbsl.

^bofe lssmi, e XGZ sbrì bstruturlfe, mipalotlfe b ibaderlfe per uil bqumpb
iuat
iu atmf
mfms
msnm
nmpa
pamo
mollr, sb
sbof
ofe
e qu
qubb nlf
lfll ui
ui,, fbo
botr
tre
e fb su
sull nlp
lpllnm
nmfflfb tín
ínom
omnl
nl b amami
imt
mtlç
lçîe
îe
abgla, tbrì sul rbspbntmvl rbspeosljmamflfb.

B eutre peote rbabvlotb í qulote l pbrmefmnmflfb fl ltulamzlçîe/rbvmsîe fe XGZ.

Xems l lv
Xems lvllamamlç
lçîe
îe fb rm
rmsn
snes
es fbv
bvbb ne
neos
ostm
tmtu
tumr
mr ui pr
pren
enbs
bsse
se ne
neot
otééou
oue
e b sb
sbrr rb
rbvm
vmst
stll l nlf
lfll
fems loes eu trës loes plrl ls biprbsls qub pessuérbi nbrtmcmnlçòbs bi smstbi bill
fb gbstîe fb ^^V. Eu, mofbpbofbotb fe prlze;

<=
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

◅ Lpþs mipabibotlçîe fls ibfmfls fb prbv


bvbboçîe, plrl lvlamlçîe fb rmsnes
rbsmfulms0
◅ Lpþs moevlçòbs b iefmcmnlçòbs ols tbnoeaegmls, lijmbotbs, prenbsses,
neofmçòbs, prenbfmibotes b erglomzlçîe fe trljlade qub mipamqubi bi

oeves rmsnes eu iefmcmqubi es rmsnes bxmstbotbs0


◅ \ulofe mfbotmcmnlfls molfbqulçòbs, mosucmnmëonmls eu mobcmnìnmls fls
ibfmfls fb prbvboçîe0
◅ Ol enerrëonml fb lnmfbotbs eu feboçls rbalnmeolfls le trljlade0
◅ \ulofe deuvbr iufloçl oes rbqumsmtes abglms lpamnìvbms.

Bstruturl fe XGZ plrl GZE

Vrltlibote fmcbrbonmlfe plrl IBM, IB b BXX


E Imnmnrrebiprbbof
ofbbfer Mofmvmfula (IBM) bstì fmspbos osllfe fb baballjerlr e XGZ. Ils,
sbrî
sbrîe
e ba
balj
ljer
erlf
lfls
ls pb
pbal
al ^b
^bnr
nrbt
btlr
lrml
ml Bs
Bspb
pbnm
nmla
la fb Xr
Xrbv
bvmf
mfëon
ëonmlml b Vr
Vrlj
ljla
lade
de rb
rbne
neib
ibof
oflç
lçòb
òbss
sejrb ls ibfmfls fb prbvboçîe l sbrbi lfetlfls pbae IBM.

Xeríi, l fmspbosl fl ejrmglçîe fb baljerlr e XGZ oîe lanloçl l erglomzlçîe


neot
neotrrlt
ltllot
otbb fe IB
IBM,M, qu
qubb fbv
bvbr
brìì mo
mona
naué
ué-a
-ae
e ol
olss su
sulls lç
lçòb
òbss fb pr
prbv
bvbo
boççîe b oe sb
sbuu XGZ
GZ,,

:8
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

quloffe bs
qulo bsttb lt
ltul
ulrr bi su
suls
ls fb
fbpb
pbof
ofëo
ëonm
nmls
ls eu ae
aennla pr
prbv
bvml
mlib
ibot
otbb ne
neov
ovbo
bonm
nmeo
eollfe bi
neotrlte.

B l ^bnrbtlrml Bspbnmla fb Xrbvmfëonml b Vrljlade mrì fmspeomjmamzlr cbrrlibotls fb


lvlamlçîe fb rmsnes, qub pefbrì sbr utmamzlfl pbals imnrebiprbsl (IB) b biprbsls
fb pbquboe pertb (BXX) plrl bstruturlr e XGZ,
XGZ, fbsfb qub tla IB b BXX oîe sbkl

ejrmglfl l neostmtumr ^B^IV.


B ls IB b BXX, grlus fb rmsne < b :, qub oe abvlotlibote prbamimolr fb pbrmges oîe
mfbo
mfbotm
tmcm
cmnl
nlrb
rbi
i bx
bxpe
pesm
smçò
çòbs
bs en
enup
upln
lnme
meol
olms
ms l lg
lgbot
botbs
bs cé
césm
smne
nes,
s, qu
quéi
éimn
mnes
es b jm
jmea
eaþg
þgmn
mnes
es,, bi
neocerimflfb nei l OZ 8=, b fbnalrlrbi ls mocerilçòbs fmgmtlms fb ^^V, cmnli
fmspboslfls fl baljerlçîe fe XGZ.

:<
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Xregrlil fb
Gbrbonmlibote
fb Zmsnes -
E qub venë mrì vbr sejrb XGZ;
XGZ
◅ E qub í XGZ5 (Motrefuçîe, Neonbmtulçîe)
◅ Bstruturl fe XGZ
◅ Movbotìrme fb rmsnes
◅ Mfbotmcmnlçîe fb pbrmges
◅ Loìamsb fb rmsnes
◅ Iltrmz fb rmsnes
◅ Nalssmcmnlçîe fb rmsnes
◅ Lvlamlçîe fb rmsnes
◅ Ibfmfls fb neotreab
◅ Xaloe fb lçîe

::
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

E qub í XGZ5 (Motrefuçîe, Neonbmtulçîe)


E XGZ í ui mostruibote qub vmsl mipabibotlr lçòbs prbvbotmvls b nerrbtmvls oes
lijmbotbs fb trljlade, nei l cmolamflfb fb imtmglr es rmsnes enuplnmeolms qub
pefbi nlusls floes b pbrfls ès biprbsls b l slûfb b motbgrmflfb césmnl fes
trljladlferbs, neocerib l sbgumotb bstruturl;

Bstruturl fe XGZ plrl GZE

Movbotìrme fb rmsnes
B ui movbotìrme fb rmsnes enuplnmeolms, fbvb neotbr, oe iéomie;

:>
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

B plrl l baljerlçîe fe movbotìrme fb rmsnes, l prmibmrl btlpl í clzbr ui


abvlo
abvlotl
tlib
ibot
ote
e pr
prba
bami
mimo
molr
lr fe
fess pb
pbrm
rmge
gess bx
bxms
mstb
tbot
otbs
bs oe li
lijm
jmbo
botb
tb fb tr
trlj
ljla
lade
de.. B pl
plrl
rl ms
msse
se,,
fbvb sbr cbmte ui trljlade fb nlipe, neie uil mos osppbç
bçîîe b neotlofe nei e lpeme
fb uil amstl fb vbrmcmnlçîe, eofb sbrîe lpeotlfes tefes es pbrmges bxmstbotbs.

Xestbrmer l bstb abvlotlibote prbamimolr, prbnmsl sbr mfbotmcmnlfe sb es pbrmges


abvlotlfes pefbrîe sbr bamimolfes. Nlse neotrìrme, es ibsies prbnmsli sbr
lolamslfes b lvlamlfes, plrl qub sb tbodl sujséfmes plrl mipabibotlr lçòbs
prbvbotmvls b nerrbtmvls.

B obstb sbotmfe, botrlies ol btlpl fb Mfbotmcmnlçîe fb Xbrmges, ol qula bstb


prenbsse neosmstb bi boneotrlr (movbstmglr, pbsqumslr, lolamslr), rbneodbnbr b
fbsnrbvbr es pbrbrmmges b rmsnes prbsbot
otbbs oe lijmbotb fb trljlade. ^bofe qub obstl
btlpl, dì laguils mocerilçòbs bssbonmlms b qub fbvbi bstlr prbsbotbs oe
movbotìrme fb rmsnes, tlms neie;

◅ Fbsnrmçîe fes pbrmges b pessévbms absòbs eu lgrlves è slûfb0


◅ Mfbotmcmnlçîe fls ceotbs eu nmrnuostêonmls0
◅ Mofmnlçîe fe grupe fb trljladlferbs sukbmtes les rmsnes.

B plrl luxmamlr bstl btlpl, fbvb sbr sbgumfe uil ibtefeaegml, jbi neie fbvb sbr
sbgu
sbgumf
mfll ui
uill eu il
ilms
ms cbr
brrl
rlib
ibot
otll fb mf
mfbo
botm
tmccmn
mnllçî
çîe
e b lvl
vlamamllçî
çîe
e fb rm
rmsn
sne
e, ne
neof
ofmz
mzbo
botb
tb
nei e nboìrme l sbr lvlamlfe.

Ril flsXrbamimolr
Loìamsb ilms neofbdbnZmsnes
mfls ol(LXZ),
ìrbl neocerib
fb ^^V b lbxbipae
pamnìvba lljlmxe;
qulsb tefes es nboìrmes í l

:6
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Mfbotmcmnlçîe fb Xbrmges b Zmsnes

Xestbrmer les pbrmges b rmsnes mfbotmcmnlfes, jbi neie fbilms mocerilçòbs


pbr
brttmobot
otbbs, fbvb sbr rblamzlfl l loìamsb fb rmsnes. ^bofe qub plrl nlfl rmsne fbvb
sbr mofmnlfe e oévba fb rmsne enuplnmeola, fbtbrimolfe pbal neijmolçîe fl
sbvb
sbvbrm
rmfl
flfb
fb fl
flss pe
pess
ssév
évbm
bmss ab
absò
sòbs
bs eu lg
lgrl
rlve
vess è sl
slûf
ûfbb ne
nei
i l pr
prej
ejlj
ljmamamf
mflf
lfbb eu nd
ndlo
lonb
nb
fb sul enerrëonml.

Loìamsb fb Zmsnes

B plrl l grlflçîe fl sbvbrmflfb fbvb sbr abvlfe bi neotl l ilgomtufb fl


neosbquëonml b e oûibre fb trljladlferbs pessmvbaibotb lcbtlfes.

:2
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

B plrl l grlflçîe fl prejljmamflfb fbvb sbr abvlfe bi neotl;

◅ Es rbqumsmtes bstljbabnmfes ols OZs0


◅ Ls ibfmfls fb prbvboçîe kì mipabibotlfls0
◅ Ls bxmgëonmls fl ltmvmflfb fb trljlade0
◅ L ne
nei
ipl
plrrlç
lçîe
îe fe pb
pbrrcm
cmaa fb bx
bxpe
pessmç
mçîe
îe enu
nupl
plnm
nmeo
eolla nei vl
vlae
aerb
rbss fb rbc
bcbr
brëo
ëonm
nmll
bstljbabnmfes ol OZ 8=.

Zbneibofl-sb uslr neie supertb uil iltrmz fb rmsnes, plrl lpemlr ol


nltb
nl tbge
germ
rmzl
zlçî
çîe
e fl pr
prej
ejlj
ljmamamf
mflf
lfbb b fl sb
sbvb
vbrm
rmfl
flfb
fb.. B qu
qubb ob
obst
stbb ib
ibsi
sie
e sb
sbot
otmf
mfe,
e, mr
mrìì fl
flrr
supertb le bstljbabnmibote fe oévba fe rmsne b neosbqubotbibotb l sul
nalssmcmnlçîe, plrl sujsmfmlr l fbcmomçîe fls ibfmfls fb prbvboçîe.

Lssmi neie uil tljbal plrl nltbgermzlr ls ibfmfls fb neotreab bxmstbot


otbbs, plrl
sbrvmr neie ui clter fb neosmfbrlçîe furlotb l loìamsb fb rmsnes.

B pestbrmer l mfbotmcmnlçîe fb rmsnes b l sul loìamsb, í pessévba fbcmomr e rmsne


rbsmfula, neocerib bxbipamcmnlçîe l sbgumr;

B nei e rm
rmsn
sne
e rb
rbsm
smfful
ulaa pe
peffbi
bie
es na
nallss
ssmc
mcmn
mnì-
ì-ae
ae,, us
uslo
loffe nei
eie
e pl
plrê
rêib
ibttre ui
uill ilt
ltrm
rmzz
fb rmsnes, qub í bstljbabnmfe pbal rbalçîe fl prejljmamflfb nei l sbvbrmflfb
(miplnte). ^bofe qub bstl pefb sbr qulamtltmvl, sbimqulotmtltmvl eu qulotmtltmvl.

:3
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Iltrmz fb Zmsnes

Nalssmcmnlçîe fb Zmsnes

B pestbrmer l mfbotmcmnlçîe fe rmsne rbsmfula, per ibme fb uil iltrmz fb rmsnes,


pefb
pefbie
iess er
erfb
fboì
oì-a-aes
es,, ne
neoc
ocer
erib
ib l su
sull rb
rbsp
spbn
bntm
tmvl
vl na
nals
lssm
smcm
cmnl
nlçî
çîe,
e, jl
jlsb
sblf
lfll oe ií
iíte
tefe
fe
qub bstì sbofe sbgumfe eu lflptlfe è rblamflfb fl biprbsl b bxbipamcmnlfe
b xbipamcmnlfe ljlmxe;

:7
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Lvlamlçîe fb Zmsnes

B ne
nei
i e rm
rmsn
sne
e rbs
bsmf
mful
ulaa fb
fbccmo
momf
mfe
e b na
nallss
ssmc
mcmn
mnlf
lfe,
e, pl
plrt
rtb-
b-sb
sb pl
plrl
rl l bt
btllpl fb lv
lvllamamlç
lçîe
îe fb
rmsnes
rmsnes,, eo
eofb
fb bs
bstb
tb pr
pren
enbs
bsse
se ne
neos
osms
mstb
tb bi ne
neip
iplr
lrlr
lr es rb
rbsu
suat
atlf
lfes
es fl lo
loìa
ìams
msbb fb rm
rmsn
snes
es
nei es nrmtírmes fb rmsnes plrl fbtbrimolr sb e rmsne í lnbmtìvba eu teabrìvba,
neocerib sbgub;

B bov
ove
eavb lvlamlr e oévba fb rmsne l cmi fb fbtbrimolr l erfbi fb prmermflfb b fb qub
ilobmrl es rmsnes fbvbi sbr trltlfes, neocerib maustrlçîe l sbgumr;

Ibfmfls fb Neotreab

B ne
neii e rm
rmsn
sne
e mf
mfbo
botm
tmcm
cmnl
nlfe
fe,, lo
lola
lams
mslf
lfe,
e, lv
lvla
laml
mlfe
fe,, na
nals
lssm
smcm
cmnl
nlfe
fe b pr
prme
merm
rmzl
zlfe
fe,, nd
ndbg
bgli
lies
es l
btlpl fb fbcmomçîe fls ibfmfls fb neotreab, qub neiprbbofb e palobklibote b l
rblamzlçîe fb lçòbs plrl iefmcmnlr e oévba fe rmsne.

^bo
boffe qub e trltlibote fes rmsnes boveavb l sbabçîe fb uil eu ilms epçòbs plrl
rbfu
rbfuzm
zmrr eu lt
ltíí ibs
bsie
ie ba
bami
mimo
mollr es rm
rmsn
snes
es,, rbs
bspb
pbmt
mtlo
loffe l dm
dmbr
brlr
lrqu
quml
ml bs
bstl
tljb
jbab
abnnmf
mfll ol
OZ 8< b bxbipamcmnlfl pbal erfbi fl M^E 6288<, neocerib sbgub;

:4
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Xaloe fb Lçîe

B nei jlsb bi tefls bstls mocerilçòbs, qub neotbipali e movbotìrme fb rmsnes,


pessuéies es sujséfmes plrl l teilfl fb fbnmsîe b bstrutur
urllçîe fb ui paloe fb
lçîe, neie sbgub;

B í bssbonmla, obstb ieibote, tlijíi fbcmomr neie sbrì lneiplodlfe b


ibosurlfe e rbsuatlfe fl lçîe rblamzlfe, nei e motumte fb imtmglr e rmsne rbsmfula.

:=
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Clter Lnmfbotìrme
fb Xrbvboçîe „
CLX
E qub venë mrì vbr sejrb e CLX;
◅ Fbcmomçîe fe CLX
◅ Ejkbtmves fe CLX
◅ Ibtefeaþgmnl fb nìanuae fe CLX
◅ Neie e CLX miplntl bneoeimnlibotb ls biprbsls
◅ Neie e GZE miplntl oe fbsbipbode fls biprbsls

>8
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Fbcmomçîe fe CLX
E CLX í ui iuatmpamnlfer qub vlrml botrb 8,2 b :,8, lpamnlfe sejrb l laéquetl fb <, :
eu >% fl neotrmjumçîe fe sbgbguure neot
otrrl lnmfbotbs fb trljlade (GMMA-ZLV), sejrb l
ceadl slalrmla fls biprbsls b fbstmolfe è Xrbvmfëonml ^enmla, iboslaibotb,
neocerib maustrlçîe l sbgumr;

Xertlo
Xertlote
te,, e CL
CLX
X í rb
rbsp
speo
eosì
sìvb
vbaa pe
perr ca
cabx
bxmj
mjmamamz
mzlr
lr e GM
GMMA
MA-Z
-ZLV
LV,, pb
pbri
rimt
mtmo
mofe
fe ls
lssm
smi,
i, rb
rbfu
fuzm
zmrr l
neotrmjumçîe prbvmfbonmìrml bi 28% eu luibotì-al bi <88%, neocerib e
fbsbipbode fl biprbsl bi rbalçîe les lnmfbotbs fb trljlade b feboçls
enuplnmeolms oui fbtbrimolfe pbréefe.

Neotbxte Dmstþrmne fe CLX

><
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Ejkbtmves fe CLX
E CLX tbi neie cmolamflfb monbotmvlr l ibaderml fls neofmçòbs fb trljlade b fl
slûfb fes trljladlferbs, bstmiualofe es bstljbabnmibotes l mipabibotlrbi
peaétmnls ilms bcbtmvls fb slûfb b sbgurloçl oe trljlade.

B fbstl ceril, neoc


ocbbrmr ui bstéiuae bneoöimne ès biprbsls, per ibme fl rbfuçîe
fes bonlrges senmlms, rbputlçîe b rbspeosljmamzlçîe.

Ibtefeaþgmnl fb Nìanuae fe CLX


E nì
nìan
anua
uae
e fe CL
CLX
X í lou
oulla b bc
bcbt
btul
ulffe pl
plrl
rl nlf
lfll bs
bstl
tljb
jbab
abnm
nmib
ibot
ote
e fb ui
uill bi
bipr
prbs
bsll, eu
sbkl, NOXK neipabte. B í abvlfe bi neosmfbrlçîe e pbréefe jlsb rbprbsbotlfe
ljlmxe, plrl es loes nerrbspeofbotbs;

B es bstljbabnmibo
bottes oeves b qub oî
oîe
e tbodli e pbréefe-j-jllsb neipabte ltí e loe
fb prenbsslibote fe CLX, per fbcmomçîe tbrîe CLX mgula l <,8888.

B plrl es bstljbabnmibotes sbi fbnalrlçîe fb véonuaes, nei GCMX mov ovììamfl, nei
ltmv
ltmvmf
mflf
lfbb bn
bneo
eoöi
öimn
mnll mo
movì
vìamamfl
fl eu oî
oîe
e ne
nerr
rrbs
bspe
peof
ofmf
mfl,
l, mo
moén
énme
me fl lt
ltmv
mvmf
mflf
lfbb pe
pest
stbr
brme
merr le
moénme fe pbréefe-jlsb, sbrì ltrmjuéfe e CLX <,8888 per fbcmomçîe.

B es bs
bsttljbabnmi
mibbotes nei CLX ljlmxe fb <,8888, qub lprbsbotli tlxl iífml fb
retl
retltm
tmvm
vmfl
flfb
fb ln
lnmi
mill fb 72
72%
% oî
oîe
e pe
pefb
fbrî
rîe
e rb
rbnb
nbjb
jbrr l je
jeom
omcm
cmnl
nlçî
çîe,
e, cm
cmnl
nlof
ofe
e bs
bstl
tljb
jbab
abnm
nmfe
fe
e CLX <,8888, per fbcmomçîe.

>:
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

E bstljbabnmibote qub lprbsbotb nlses fb iertb eu movlamfbz pbrilobotb,


fbne
fb nerr
rrbo
botb
tbss fb ln
lnmf
mfbo
botb
tbss eu fe
febo
boçl
çlss fe tr
trlj
ljla
lade
de,, e vl
vlae
aerr CL
CLX
X oî
oîe
e pe
pefb
fbrì
rì sb
sbrr mo
mocb
cbrm
rmer
er
l <,8888, cmnlofe jaequblfl l jeomcmnlçîe l qub tbrml fmrbmte.

B plrl cmos fb jaequbme fl jeomcmnlçîe, seibotb sbrîe neosmfbrlfes es bvbotes

ie
iert
Xerrtb
b eu mo
movl
vlamamfb
fbcmomçîe, fbzz ne
obstbsneos
osmf
mfbr
brlf
nlses lfes
fbes oe pr
prmi
mibm
jaequbme, ebmre
re lo
CLX loe
e felfetlfe
sbrì pbré
pbréef
efe-
e-jl
jlsb
sb fb
neie nìan
nìanua
uae
<,8888. e fe CL
CLX.
X.

Xestb
Xes tbrm
rmer
er l bs
bsttls fbc
bcmo
momç
mçòb
òbs,
s, nei jl
jlsb
sb oe
oess flfe
fess b ene
nerr
rrëo
ëonnml
mlss lpr
prbs
bsbo
botl
tlfl
flss pb
pbae
ae
bstljbabnmibote fl biprbsl oe pbréefe jlsb, í bcbtulfe e nìanuae fe CLX,
neocerib btlpls lprbsbotlfls l sbgumr;

Btlpls fe Nìanuae fe CLX

< Nìanuae fes Éofmnbs fb Crbquëonml, Grlvmflfb b Nuste fb nlfl bstljbabnmibote


: Erfbolibote fes Bstljbabnmibotes fl ^ujnalssb NOLB
> Nìanuae fes Xbrnbotms fb Erfbi fb Crbquëonml, Grlvmflfb b Nuste
6 Nìanuae fe Éofmnb Neipeste

< Nìanuae fes éofmnbs fb Crbquëonml, Grlvmflfb b Nuste;

>>
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

: Erfbolibote fes Bstljbabnmibotes fl ^ujnalssb NOLB

B nei jlsb oes éofmnbs fb crbquëonml, grlvmflfb b nuste lprbsbotlfe pbaes


bstljbabnmibotes fb ui ibsie sbgibote (NOLB), sbus éofmnbs neiplrlfes b
erfbolfes. Eu sbkl, í cbmte ui pesmnmeolibote, fb qubi lprbsbotl es iboerbs
éofmnbs le ilmerbs éofmnbs.
B pestbrmer le erfbolibote í rblamzlfe e nìanuae fes pbrnbotms.

> Nìanuae fes Xbrnbotms fb Erfbi fb Crbquëonml, Grlvmflfb b Nuste

6 Nìanuae fe Éofmnb Neipeste

>6
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Neie e CLX miplntl


bneoeimnlibotb ls biprbsls

E rbneadmibote ibosla fe ^bgure Lnmfbotìrme Ejrmgltþrme,


rbprbsbotlfe pbal laéquetl fb neotrmjumçîe prbvmfbonmìrml GMMA-ZLV,
lprbsbotl grlofb rbpbrnussîe bneoöimnl plrl ls biprbsls.

L cabxmjmamzlçîe fe GMA-ZLV ltrlvís fe CLX, pessmjmamtl l rbfuçîe bi ltí 28% eu e


luibote bi ltí <88% fl neotrmjumçîe ibosla plgl pbals biprbsls.

E miplnte loula fe CLX ol ceadl fb plglibote fls biprbsls í smgomcmnltmve, b


iumtes biprbglferbs oîe tbi l iboer oeçîe fes rbnurses qub bstîe
fbspbrfmçlfes pbal clatl fb gbstîe fe CLX.

>2
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

^bofe lssmi, sbgub ljlmxe ui plsse l plsse plrl qub venë bstmib e miplnte
bneoöimne qub uil biprbsl tbrì;

<» seamnmtb l ceadl slalrmla ibosla, sbofe bstl e vlaer fe iës mocerilfe è
Xrbvmfëonml ^enmla, neie jlsb slalrmla fe bstljbabnmibote.

:» mfbotmcmqub e pbrnbotula fe sbgure neotrl lnmfbotbs fb trljlade, rbprbsbotlfe


pbal laéquetl GMMA-ZLV, fb <, : eu >%, neocerib l ltmvmflfb prbpeofbrlotb fe
bstljbabnmibote.

>» mfbotmcmqub e CLX fe bstljbabnmibote fl biprbsl, vlaer bstb qub pefb sbr
neosuatlfe oe ClpWBJ, neocerib NOXK fe bstljbabnmibote b loe fb vmgëonml.

6» fbcmoml l laéquetl GMMA-ZLV lkustlfl, sbofe bstl l iuatmpamnlçîe botrb l laéquetl


GMMA-ZLV b e CLX fe bstljbabnmibote.

2» Nlanuab e miplnte ibosla, sbofe bstb l iuatmpamnlçîe botrb l GMMA-ZLV lkustlfl b


l ceadl slalrmla ibosla.

3¸ Nlanuab e miplnte loula, sbofe bstb l iuatmpamnlçîe botrb e miplnte ibosla b <>
(oûibre fb ibsbs + e <>¸ slaìrme).

7» Zblamzb bstb prenbfmibote plrl e loe ltula b plrl e prþxmie loe, uslofe es
rbspbntmves flfes fb nlfl loe.

4» ^ujtrlml e miplnte fb :8:8 nei e miplnte ltula (:8<=), plrl mfbotmcmnlr sb


dlvbrì ui luibote eu rbfuçîe ol neotrmjumçîe b fb qulote sbrì bstb ieotlotb,
neocerib tljbal ljlmxe;

Bveauçîe fb ui loe (vmgëonml :8<=) plrl e eutre (vmgëonml :8:8)


Ceadl GMMA-ZLV Miplnte Miplnte
Loe ^lalrmla (Z$) GMMA-ZLV CLX Lkustlfe Ibosla Loula (Z$)
(Z$)
:8<= <.888.888,88 >% <,<7>8 >,2<=8% >2.<=8,88 627.678,88
:8:8 <.888.888,88 >% <,24>2 6,7282% 67.282,88 3<7.232,88
Miplnte loula l ilmer fb; Z$ <38.8=2,88

=» Zbpmtl bstb prenbsse, períi nei e loe (:8:8) b prekbtb ui CLX fb 8,2 (iboer
vlaer pessévba), plrl qub sbkl pessévba mfbotmcmnlr e petbonmla fb rbfuçîe, neocerib
tljbal ljlmxe;

>3
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Xrekbçîe nei l rbfuçîe fe CLX plrl 8,2888 (iboer vlaer pessévba)


Ceadl GMMA-ZLV Miplnte Miplnte
Loe ^lalrmla GMMA-ZLV CLX Lkustlfe Ibosla Loula (Z$)
(Z$) (Z$)
:8:8 <.888.888,88 >% <,24>2 6,7282% 67.282,88 3<7.232,88
<.888.888,88 >% 8,2888 <,2888% <2.888,88 <=2.888,88
Xessmjmamflfb fb rbfuçîe loula fb; Z$ 6::.232,88

>7
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Neie e GZE miplntl


fbsbipbode oe
fls biprbsls

L prmonmpla cmolamflfb fe Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms í


mipabibotlr lçòbs prbvbotmvls b nerrbtmvls oes lijmbotbs fb trljlade
plrl rbfuzmr l prejljmamflfb fl enerrëonml fb bvbotes
b vbotes qub prevenli
floes b pbrfls „ lnmfbotbs b feboçls rbalnmeolfls
rbaln meolfls le trljlade.

B e CLX í mocaubonmlfe pbaes lnmfbotbs b feboçls rbalnmeolfes qub tbodli


jbobcénme lnmfbotìrme ltrbalfe l enerrëonml.

>4
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Fbstl ceril, nei uil ibaderml neotéoul fe fbsbipbode fb ^^V, l biprbsl


b iprbsl rbfuz
l enerrëonml fbstbs bvbotes lfvbrses b lssmi, rbfuz l enerrëonml fes jbobcénmes
qub mocaubonmli oe CLX.

^bofe lssmi, l bstruturl fe XGZ plrl e GZE tbi rbalçîe fmrbtl nei ls lçòbs fb
gbstîe fe CLX.

Bstruturl fe XGZ plrl e GZE

Bstruturl plrl gbstîe fe CLX

>=
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

ZBCBZËONML^
◅ OZ 8< „ Fmspesmçòbs Gbrlms b Gbrbonmlibote fb Zmsnes Enuplnmeolms
◅ Jrmtmsd ^tloflrfs (J^) 4488;<==3
◅ Ennupltmeola Dblatd lof ^lcbty Lssbssibot ^brmbs (ED^L^) <488<;:887
◅ Gumfbamobs eo ennupltmeola slcbty lof dblatd ilolgbibot systbis (MAE-E^D
:88<)
◅ M^E 6288< „ ^mstbil fb Gbstîe fb ^lûfb b ^bgurloçl Enuplnmeola
◅ LJOV OJZ M^E ><888;:8<4
◅ Zbseauçîe o» <.>:=, :8<7

68
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

Luter

Grlfulofe bi bogbodlrml fb prefuçîe, í tínomne bi sbgurloçl fe trljlade b


ltul nei l gbstîe fe CLX dì vìrmes loes, sbofe neosuater b plabstrlotb nei
fmvbrses nurses kì rblamzlfes. Vlijíi tbi ltulçîe sþamfl bi biprbsls fb
grlofb pertb ol gbstîe fe CLX b ol gbstîe fb
fb rmsnes, monmfbotbs, lnmfbotbs
lnmfbotbs b
lclstlibotes (Obxe Vínomne Xrbvmfbonmìrme „ OVX).

^lmjl ilms, sb neobntlofe neimge ols imodls rbfbs;

6<
GZE b Gbstîe fe CLX Xer Bfmvlafe Grbgþrme

6:

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