Euwb Dow v30

SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME THEME ICT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Grant agreement for:
Collaborative Project, Large-scale integrating project Annex I Description of Work
Project acronym: Project full title: Grant agreement n:
EUWB
CoExisting Short Range Radio by Advanced Ultra-WideBand Radio Technology 215669 2007-11-07 2008-05-15 2010-03-22 2010-06-11 2010-06-11
Date of preparation of Annex I (initial version): Date of preparation of Annex I (revision 1): Date of preparation of Annex I (revision 2): Date of preparation of Annex I (revision 3): Date of approval of Annex I by the Commission:
v17 v29 v30
List of beneficiaries
Number
01 (co-ord.) 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 GWT-TUD GmbH TES Electronic Solutions GmbH Philips Consumer Lifestyle B.V. Robert Bosch GmbH Commissariat lEnergie Atomique Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover CREATE-NET (Center for REsearch And Telecommunication Experimentation for NETworked communities) Oulun Yliopisto EADS Deutschland GmbH Telefnica Investigacin y Desarrollo Sociedad Annima Unipersonal Thales Communications S.A. Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Wisair Ltd. Universidad de Zaragoza ACORDE TECHNOLOGIES S.A. TES Electronic Solutions Ltd. Alma Mater Studiorum Universit di Bologna Universitt Duisburg-Essen Technische Universitt Ilmenau Hochschule fr Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden Staccato CommunicationsArtimi Ltd. FBConsulting S. r.l. Bitgear Wireless Design Services d.o.o. esk vysok uen technick v Praze Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureti Wrocawskie Centrum Bada EIT+ Sp. z o.o.
Name of beneficiary
Short name
GWT TESD PHI BOSCH CEA LUH CNET CWC EADS TID THA VTT WIS UZ ACO TESUK UNIBO UDE UIL HTW STC FBC BITG CTU UPB WRC
Country
DE DE NL DE FR DE IT FI DE ES FR FI IL ES ES UK IT DE DE DE UK LU RS CZ RO PL
Enter project
M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M13 M25 M25 M25 M25
Exit project
M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40
Grant agreement n: 215669
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Table of Contents
A1 Project Summary (Copied from Part A) ........................................................................................................9 A1.1 A1.2 A1.3 B1.1 Overall Budget Breakdown for the Project .........................................................................................9 Project Summary ................................................................................................................................9 List of Beneficiaries ..........................................................................................................................11 Concept and Objectives of the Project .............................................................................................12 Declaration of Collaboration Within the eMobility Technology Platform ....................................13 Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence ....................................................................................13 Multiple Antenna UWB Systems ................................................................................................14 UWB Enabled Advanced Localisation and Tracking ..................................................................14 UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation .......................................................................................15 UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks.................................................................................15 Open UWB Technology Platforms .............................................................................................16 UWB in European Key Industry Application Areas ....................................................................17 European and Global Regulation and Standardisation ..............................................................17 Summary of Results...................................................................................................................18 Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence ....................................................................................23 Multiple Antenna UWB Systems ................................................................................................25 UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking ..............................................................................29 UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation .......................................................................................32 UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks.................................................................................34 Open UWB Technology Platforms .............................................................................................36 UWB Application Environments .................................................................................................36 Regulation and Standardisation .................................................................................................37 Overall Strategy and General Description .................................................................................41 Project Implementation........................................................................................................47 Project Monitoring and Goal Oriented Management...........................................................62 Project Extension and New Activities ..................................................................................68
B1 Concept and Objectives, Progress Beyond State-of-the-art, S/T Methodology and Work Plan ................12 B1.1.1 B1.1.2 B1.1.3 B1.1.4 B1.1.5 B1.1.6 B1.1.7 B1.1.8 B1.1.9 B1.1.10 B1.2 B1.2.1 B1.2.2 B1.2.3 B1.2.4 B1.2.5 B1.2.6 B1.2.7 B1.2.8 B1.3 B1.3.1
Progress Beyond the State-of-the-art ...............................................................................................18
S/T Methodology and Associated Work Plan ...................................................................................41
B1.3.1.1 B1.3.1.2 B1.3.1.3 B1.3.2 B1.3.3 B1.3.4 B1.3.5 B1.3.6 B1.3.7 B1.3.8
Timing of Work Packages and Their Components ....................................................................70 List of Work Packages ...............................................................................................................73 List of Deliverables.....................................................................................................................75 List of Milestones .......................................................................................................................79 Description of Work Packages ...................................................................................................81 Efforts for the Full Duration of the Project ................................................................................117 Tentative Planning of Reviews .................................................................................................117
B2 Implementation .........................................................................................................................................119 B2.1 Management Structure and Procedures ........................................................................................119 New and Innovative Methodology of Managing IPs by Logical Clustering of inter-WP Tasks ....119 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 119 2 B2.1.1
B2.1.1.1
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B2.1.1.2 B2.1.2 B2.1.3 B2.1.4 B2.1.5 B2.1.6 B2.1.7 B2.1.8 B2.1.9
Cluster Process .................................................................................................................120
Organisation .............................................................................................................................121 Co-ordination and Organisation of Consortium-wide Activities................................................121 Control and Allocation of Resources, Control of Technical Activities, Quality Assurance .......121 Information Flow ......................................................................................................................122 Reporting .................................................................................................................................123 Projects Publications ...............................................................................................................124 Internal Evaluation ...................................................................................................................125 Decision Making Structure .......................................................................................................125 Management Model...........................................................................................................125 Quality Manager ................................................................................................................127 Project Co-ordination Committee (PCC) ...........................................................................127 Panels................................................................................................................................128 Knowledge Management...................................................................................................129
B2.1.9.1 B2.1.9.2 B2.1.9.3 B2.1.9.4 B2.1.9.5 B2.2 B2.2.1 B2.2.2 B2.2.3 B2.2.4 B2.2.5 B2.2.6 B2.2.7 B2.2.8 B2.2.9 B2.2.10 B2.2.11 B2.2.12 B2.2.13 B2.2.14 B2.2.15 B2.2.16 B2.2.17 B2.2.18 B2.2.19 B2.2.20 B2.2.21 B2.2.22 B2.2.23 B2.2.24 B2.2.25 B2.2.26 B2.2.27 B2.2.28
Beneficiaries ...................................................................................................................................131 GWT-TUD GmbH (GWT) .........................................................................................................131 .................................................................................................................................................131 TES Electronic Solutions GmbH (TESD) .................................................................................131 Philips Consumer Lifestyle B.V. (PHI)......................................................................................132 Robert Bosch GmbH (BOSCH) ...............................................................................................133 Commissariat lEnergie Atomique (CEA) ..............................................................................134 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover (LUH) ...........................................................135 CREATE-NET (CNET) .............................................................................................................136 Oulun Yliopisto, Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC) ................................................136 EADS Deutschland GmbH (EADS) .........................................................................................137 Telefnica Investigacin y Desarrollo S.A.U. (TID) ..................................................................138 Thales Communications S.A. (THA) ........................................................................................139 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) ...............................................................................140 Wisair Ltd. (WIS) ......................................................................................................................141 Universidad de Zaragoza (UZ) ................................................................................................142 ACORDE TECHNOLOGIES S.A. (ACO) .................................................................................143 TES Electronic Solutions Ltd. (TESUK) ...................................................................................144 .................................................................................................................................................145 Alma Mater Studiorum Universit di Bologna (UNIBO) ........................................................145 Universitt Duisburg-Essen (UDE) ..........................................................................................146 Technische Universitt Ilmenau (UIL) ......................................................................................147 Hochschule fr Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden (HTW) .........................................................148 Staccato Communications Ltd. (STC) ......................................................................................149 FBConsulting S. r.l. (FBC) ....................................................................................................149 Bitgear Wireless Design Services d.o.o. (BITG) ......................................................................150 esk Vysok Uen Technick v Praze (CTU) ......................................................................150 Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureti (UPB).........................................................................151 Wrocawskie Centrum Bada EIT+ Sp. z o.o (WRC)...............................................................152 3
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B2.3
Consortium as a Whole ..................................................................................................................153 Complemetaries of the Consortium .........................................................................................153 Sub-contracting ........................................................................................................................154 Funding for Beneficiaries from Third Countries .......................................................................154 Resources to be Committed ....................................................................................................154 Resources to Complement the EC Contribution ......................................................................157
B2.3.1 B2.3.2 B2.3.3 B2.4 B2.4.1 B2.4.2
Resources ......................................................................................................................................154
B3 Potential Impact........................................................................................................................................161 B3.1 Strategic Impact ..............................................................................................................................161 Policy Impact ............................................................................................................................164 Declaration of Collaboration Within the eMobility Technology Platform ..............................165 Contribution to EC Policies................................................................................................165 Co-operation with Major National Research Programmes in Europe ...............................169 B3.1.1
B3.1.1.1 B3.1.1.2 B3.1.1.3 B3.1.2 B3.1.3 B3.1.4 B3.1.5 B3.2 B3.2.1
Socio-economic Impact............................................................................................................169 Technological Impact ...............................................................................................................171 Contributions to Regulations and Standards ...........................................................................172 Impact for the Enlarged Europe ...............................................................................................174 Dissemination/Exploitation of Project Results .........................................................................175 Use Plan ............................................................................................................................176 Plan for Disseminating Knowledge ...................................................................................176
Plan for the Use and Dissemination of Foreground .......................................................................175
B3.2.1.1 B3.2.1.2 B3.2.2 B3.2.3
Management of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) ..................................................................182 Management of Other Innovation-related Activities .................................................................184
B4 Ethical Issues ...........................................................................................................................................185
List of Tables
Table 1: Financial summary (copied from form A3.2). ...................................................................................... 99 Table 2: List of beneficiaries. ........................................................................................................................ 1111 Table 3: Frequency identification for systems using UWB technology. ........................................................ 3939 Table 4: Heterogeneous Network Cluster to multi-radio users terminal/access network equipment. ......... 6363 Table 5: Heterogeneous Network Cluster to location based services. ......................................................... 6363 Table 6: Public Transport Cluster: Interaction between tasks....................................................................... 6666 Table 7: List of work packages. .................................................................................................................... 7474 Table 8: List of deliverables. ......................................................................................................................... 7878 Table 9: List of milestones. ........................................................................................................................... 8080 Table 10: Person months per partner and work package. ........................................................................ 117117 Table 11: Tentative schedule of project reviews. ...................................................................................... 118118 Table 12: Members of the Project Co-ordination Committee and the Management Board. ..................... 129129 Table 13: Personnel vs. type of participants. ............................................................................................ 153153 Table 14: The European Commissions UWB mandate towards ETSI..................................................... 167167 Table 15: The European Commissions UWB mandate towards CEPT. .................................................. 169169 Table 16: Ethical issues. ........................................................................................................................... 185185
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List of Figures
Figure 1: Emission mask Japan. ............................................................................................................... 4040 Figure 2: Emission mask Republic of Korea. ............................................................................................ 4040 Figure 3: Emission mask U.S.A. ................................................................................................................ 4040 Figure 4: Emission mask Europe............................................................................................................... 4141 Figure 5: EUWB project history and partners excellence. ............................................................................ 4141 Figure 6: Work package structure of EUWB................................................................................................. 4242 Figure 7: Logical structure of regulation and standardisation related activities across various WPs........... 4343 Figure 8: The cognition cycle (Mitola, 1999)................................................................................................. 4848 Figure 9: Schematic representation of the basic Cognitive Radio................................................................ 4848 Figure 10: Multiband/multimode protocol stack. ........................................................................................... 5252 Figure 11: UWB Multiband platform: 10 GHz and 60 GHz UWB operation.................................................. 5353 Figure 12: Proposal for UWB multiband channel distribution. ...................................................................... 5353 Figure 13: UWB integration with up-to-date heterogeneous access network scenario. .............................. 5454 Figure 14: UWB gateway using WiMAX access in a residential environment. ............................................ 5454 Figure 15: UWB in long-term heterogeneous access network scenario. ..................................................... 5555 Figure 16: Open Technology Platforms deployment in the EUWB project. .................................................. 5555 Figure 17: Open Platform concept, (V)HDR hardware. ................................................................................ 5656 Figure 18: Existing UWB LDR-LT hardware platform (from PULSERS Phase II). ....................................... 5757 Figure 19: Illustration of the UWB LDR-LT first open platform at EUWB start (from PULSERS Phase II)... 5757 Figure 20: UWB in an aeroplane scenario.................................................................................................... 5858 Figure 21: Cabling in an aeroplane. ............................................................................................................. 5858 Figure 22: Wireless data communication from sensor to ECU..................................................................... 5959 Figure 23: Location tracking of a tag inside the car. ..................................................................................... 5959 Figure 24: Regulatory bodies inside Europe. ............................................................................................... 6060 Figure 25: European standardisation process. ............................................................................................. 6161 Figure 26: Cluster flow in the EUWB Heterogeneous Network Cluster. ....................................................... 6464 Figure 27: Cluster flow in the EUWB Home Environment Cluster. ............................................................... 6565 Figure 28: Cluster flow in the EUWB Public Transport Cluster..................................................................... 6767 Figure 29: Cluster flow in the EUWB Automotive Cluster. ............................................................................ 6868 Figure 30: Gantt chart. .................................................................................................................................. 7171 Figure 31: Pert diagram of overall project level interaction. ......................................................................... 7272 Figure 32: Example of cluster process flow. ............................................................................................. 120120 Figure 33: Management model for EUWB................................................................................................ 126126 Figure 34: Relative growth of UWB enabled devices (source: ISM research). ........................................ 170170 Figure 35: EUWB driving European and international UWB related standards extension. ...................... 170170 Figure 36: UWB in the (extended) home environment. ............................................................................ 171171 Figure 37: European UWB regulation process compared to U.S.A. and Singapore after report 64. ....... 173173
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List of Abbreviations
2G/3G/4G A.I. ACTS AOA AP APT ASIC ATM BAN BiCMOS CA CDMA CE CEC CEPT CMOS CPC CR CRL CSMA cWUSB DAS DC DCPC DECT DPM DSPC DSSS DVI DVR EC EIM EMC ERM ESA ESPRIT ETSI FCC FDD FDMA FP5/FP6/FP7 FPGA FTTx GSM 2nd/3rd/4th generation Artificial intelligence Advanced Communication Technologies and Services (FP4) Angle of arrival Access point Asian Pacific Telecommunity Application specific integrated circuit Asynchronous transfer mode Body area network Bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor Consortium agreement Code division multiple access Consumer electronic Commission of the European Communities; Comit Europen de Coordination European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations Complementary metal oxide semiconductor Cognitive pilot channel Cognitive radio Communications Research Laboratory (Japan) Carrier sense multiple access Certified wireless USB Dynamic spectrum access Direct current Distributed Cognitive Pilot Channel Digital European cordless telecommunication Deputy Project Manager Dynamic SQL performance control Direct sequence spread spectrum Digital visual interface Digital video recorder European Commission Ethical Issues Manager Electromagnetic compatibility EMC and radio spectrum matters European Space Agency European Strategic Programme for Research in Information Technologies (FP4) European Telecommunications Standards Institute Federal Communications Commission Frequency division duplex Frequency division multiple access 5th/6th/7th European Framework Programme for RTD and Demonstration Activities Functionally programmable gate array Fibre to the Global system for mobile communications
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H/W, HW HDR HDTV HFC HFP HSPA HTS IEEE IDA IG IMS IMT IP IPR IR IST ITEA ITU LDC LDR-LT LT LTE MAC MAS MB MC-CDMA MDS MIMO mITF MM MoM MoU MPHPT NGMN NICT NoE NTT Ofcom OFDM OPP PA PAL PC PCB PCC PCMCIA PHY
Hardware High data rate High definition television Hybrid fibre coax Hands-free profile High speed packet access Home theatre system Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Info-Communications Development Authority (Singapore) Interest group IP multimedia sub-system International mobile telecommunications Integrated project(s); Internet protocol Intellectual property right Impulse radio Information Society Technologies (FP5) Information technology for European advancement International Telecommunication Union Low duty cycle Low data rate with localisation and tracking Location (and) tracking Long term evolution Medium access control Multiple antenna systems Management board Multi-carrier code division multiple access Multidimesional scaling Multiple input/multiple output mobile IT Forum (in Japan) Man month(s) Minutes of Meeting Memorandum of understanding Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunication (Japan) Next generation mobile networks National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (Japan) Network(s) of excellence Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Office of communication Orthogonal frequency division multiplex Object push profile Project assembly Protocol adaptation layer Project co-ordinator; Personal computer Printed circuit board Project co-ordination committee Personal Computer Memory Card International Association Physical layer (system)
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PM PSD PULSERS QM QoS R&D RF RSSI RTD RTLS S/W, SW SAR SATA SDR SE24 SIG SiGe SME SoC SQL SPEArTM TCAM TDD TDMA TDOA TG TISPAN TOA UFZ UMTS USB UWB UWB-RT (V)HDR VHDR W-CDMA WAN WBAN WiFi WiMAX WiNet WLAN WP WPAN
Project Manager; Person month(s) Power s pectral density Pervasive ultra-wideband low spectral energy radio systems Quality Manager Quality of service(s) Research and development Radio frequency Received Signal Strength Indication Research and technological development Real-time location system Software Synthetic aperture radar Serial ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) Software defined radio Short range devices project team within the spectrum engineering working group Special interest group Silicon-Germanium Small and medium-sized enterprise System on chip Structured query language Structured processor enhanced architecture1 Telecommunications Conformity Assessment and Market Surveillance Committee Time division duplex Time division multiple access Time difference of arrival Task group Telecoms and internet converged services and protocols for advanced networks Time of arrival Ultra-wideband friendly zone Universal mobile telecommunication system Universal serial bus Ultra-wideband UWB radio technology (Very) high data rate, i.e. HDR and/or VHDR Very high data rate Wideband code division multiple access Wide area network Wireless body area network Wireless fidelity World-wide interoperability for microwave access WiMedia network (formerly) Wireless local area network Work package Wireless personal area network
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A1 PROJECT SUMMARY (COPIED FROM PART A) A1.1 Overall Budget Breakdown for the Project
Table 11: Financial summary (copied from form A3.2).
A1.2 Project Summary

Key objectives of EUWB are i) to explore the enormous economic potential of the ground-breaking UltraWideband (UWB) radio technology, ii) to extend the UWB concept with advanced cognitive radio, multiband/ multimode networking, and multiple antenna system concepts, iii) to enable the introduction of advanced services and competitive applications using the radio spectrum in a sophisticated manner. The advanced scientific and technical project work will be accompanied by activities in European and world wide regulation and standardisation bodies in which EUWB partners are highly committed. As a key for economic success of UWB, the project partners will continue to devote significant efforts to participation in CEPT ECC, IEEE, ITU, ETSI, and ECMA working towards consensus building and iterative improvement of the initial European and world-wide UWB regulation and standardisation. UWB technology enables gigabits per second short range communications and inherent precise real-time location tracking. Prominent examples to be implemented in the EUWB project are the Intelligent Home environment, the Public Transport environment, the Automotive environment and the Next Generation of Heterogeneous Public Access Network environment, following a strong demand from the mentioned industry sectors.
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EUWB is an industry-led initiative of 22 26 major industrial, excellent consulting and highly regarded highly regarded industrial, consulting, and academic organisations. It builds on previous projects, such as PULSERS, and take into account stakeholders of the whole value chain. Major aim is to consolidate the technology advances in scientific areas related to UWB and to define system concepts for the envisaged four application areas. The results will be materialised in four application platforms built on the open UWB technology developed in EUWB. Besides integration in the AIRBUS plane, the DAIMLER car, the PHILIPS future home, and the TELEFNICA access network, scientific studies will guide industry to gain competitiveness with their UWB system. EUWB will innovate and manifest the European leadership in advanced ultra-wideband solutions for the global village. The key objectives of EUWB are i) to explore the enormous economic potential of the innovative and disruptive radio technology embodied in ultra-wideband (UWB), ii) to combine the innovative UWB concept with advanced methods of wireless technology such as cognitive signalling, intelligent multiple antenna and multiband/multimode UWB system concepts, and finally iii) to enable the introduction of advanced services and competitive applications using the radio spectrum in a highly sophisticated manner by applying devices based on next generation UWB. The progress at the frontier of science and technology in the several advanced scientific and technical project work packages will be accompanied by a continuation of EUWB partners ongoing activities in the European and world wide regulation and standardisation bodies. The goal is still to facilitate a globally compatible regulatory framework for UWB applications, which is not yet evolved taking into account the current initial regulatory approaches in the European Union and in Asian countries compared to the U.S.A. rules for applying UWB devices. Major efforts will be continuously invested for further collaboration with regulatory bodies in Europe, having started previously under the frame of CEPT ECC TG3 and the PULSERS project. Besides wireless short range communications with data rates ranging up to Gigabit per second, UWB technology enables precise real-time location tracking inherently due to its unique feature of ultra-wide radio frequency band allocation. Widespread application of this new wireless technology will facilitate growth of a number of market segments all different, but all enabled by the unique features of UWB radio being highly scalable with regard to complexity, range, costs and data rate as well as location precision accuracy and providing the minimum of interference to other electronic equipment compared to existing alternative radio systems. Even if this last statement seems to be not widely accepted by a number of national administrations yet, several European major industry sectors are convinced of this advantage and support fully the introduction of UWB based radio services. Prominent examples to be implemented in this project are the Intelligent Home environment, the Public Transport environment, the Automotive environment and the Next Generation of Heterogeneous Public Access Network environment. The project will follow the strong demand from the mentioned industry sectors and will significantly enhance the UWB performance by major scientific efforts. EUWB will enlarge the features of the 1st generation UWB systems (to be expected on the market by the begin of 2008) before integrating it into the envisaged target application environments with the help of some key industrial organisations being partner and driver of this project. EUWB is an industry-led initiative of 22 major industrial, excellent consulting and highly regarded academic organisations. It will logically extend the successful work carried out in previous European R&D projects, while the approach in EUWB is more comprehensive and takes into account the whole value chain stakeholders. The basic research was performed and the basic feasibility of the concept has been proved for some primitive and isolated applications. The approach to be taken in EUWB is to consolidate the technology advances in several scientific areas related to the UWB-RT and define the system concepts for the envisaged four key application areas. EUWB partners will place the advanced technologies developed into the context of the specific application scenarios. The project will develop full system level verification platforms and integrate them into the four final application environments. In particular, these results will materialise in four specific application platforms building on two basic flexible UWB technology platforms, each enabling verification of advanced short-range communication, and of innovative real-time location and tracking system concepts. Besides the practical demonstrations in the AIRBUS plane, the BOSCH in-car system, the PHILIPS future home exhibition and the TELEFNICA access network extension as an output there will be also scientific contributions describing the most efficient way for the next generations of system implementations and thus providing a guidance for the industry how to further develop their UWB systems towards highly competitive products and applications. As a key for economic success of UWB the project partner will continue to devote significant efforts to participation in CEPT ECC, IEEE, ITU, ETSI and ECMA working towards consensus building and iterative improvement of the initial European and world-wide UWB regulation and standardisation rules.
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A1.3 List of Beneficiaries

Part. N 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Alma Mater Studiorum Universit di Bologna Universitt Duisburg-Essen Technische Universitt Ilmenau Hochschule fr Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden Staccato CommunicationsArtimi Ltd. FBConsulting S. r.l. Bitgear Wireless Design Services d.o.o. esk vysok uen technick v Praze Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureti Wrocawskie Centrum Bada EIT+ Sp. z o.o. Table 22: List of beneficiaries. UNIBO UDE UIL HTW STC FBC BITG CTU UPB WRC IT DE DE DE UK LU RS CZ RO PL TES Electronic Solutions GmbH Philips Consumer Lifestyle B.V. Robert Bosch GmbH Commissariat lEnergie Atomique Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover Center for REsearch And Telecommunication Experimentation for NETworked communities (CREATE-NET) Oulun Yliopisto EADS Deutschland GmbH Telefnica Investigacin y Desarrollo Sociedad Annima Unipersonal Thales Communications S.A. Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Wisair Ltd. Universidad de Zaragoza ACORDE TECHNOLOGIES S.A. TES Electronic Solutions Ltd. TESD PHI BOSCH CEA LUH CNET CWC EADS TID THA VTT WIS UZ ACO TESUK DE NL DE FR DE IT FI DE ES FR FI IL ES ES UK GWT-TUD GmbH Short name GWT
Participants organisation name
Country DE
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B1 CONCEPT AND OBJECTIVES, PROGRESS BEYOND STATE-OF-THE-ART, S/T METHODOLOGY AND WORK PLAN B1.1 Concept and Objectives of the Project
The EUWB Coexisting Short Range Radio by Advanced Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology proposal is clearly addressing Objective ICT-2007.1.1: The Network of the Future within Challenge 1: Pervasive and Trusted Network and Service Infrastructures as described in Section 3.1 of the ICT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES Work Programme 20072008. In particular the target outcome a) and b) are corresponding to the goals of the EUWB project. Challenge 1 addresses mainly to deliver the next generation of ubiquitous and converged network and service infrastructures for communication, computing and media. UWB radio technology (UWB-RT) will be an important element providing very high speed portable and cellular devices network access over short range. In addition, UWB radio technology as planed to be developed and implemented inside the EUWB project will enable complete networking solutions in sensitive environments such as public transport, where there are particular strong requirements concerning EMC. As an example, explained in detail in the relevant section, an analysis performed by a major aviation industries, AIRBUS, has shown, that UWB-RT has a competitive advantage in terms of interference potential towards the on-board equipment compared to other wireless solutions. Another example is the Automotive environment, where BOSCH will be leading the work package WP8b on Automotive applications and the work package WP9 on Regulation and Standardisation. In this application case UWB is mainly forming its own network on-board. Daimler, a leading car manufacturer, is supporting the development of UWB based integrated networks for applications including entertainment, sensing and command and control inside vehicles. It is important to note that UWB-RT is developed and coming along with appropriate protocol stacks enabling it to create own networks (based on several architectures including mesh-networking) as well as to serve as part of a larger heterogeneous network. Following items can be mapped to the relevant work packages objectives of the proposed EUWB project: Convergence and interoperability of heterogeneous mobile and broadband network technologies: UWB is able to provide high data rates in wireless personal networks meaning with a short link distance. One of the goal of the project is to allow UWB interoperability with backhaul networks such as WiMAX or HSPA to provide a broadband access to convergence networks. Flexible and spectrum efficient radio access enabling ubiquitous access to broadband mobile services for short range to wide area networking: low power emission of UWB enables an efficient use of the radio spectrum when coexisting with other radio technologies. UWB integration in heterogeneous networks will contribute to offer pervasive and broadband access. In the project, studies of coexistence with future wireless technologies will be done in order to guarantee an efficient use of the spectrum. Elimination of the barriers to broadband access and ultra high speed end to end connectivity: the development of multi-radio interface (UWB, HSPA, WiMAX) devices will enable to make easier a seamless broadband connectivity. Context awareness: precise location awareness will allow operators and providers to offer novel services based on the knowledge of user position provided by the location and tracking capabilities. Enabling intelligent distribution of services across multiple access technologies: the provision of services by means of platform architecture like IMS (IP Multimedia Sub-system) enables to offer services independently on the access architecture. The services developed in the project will be integrated taking into account the IMS recommendations.
In the following sections the detailed scientific and technical objectives are described and their relations to the topics addressed in the work programme referred to in call 1 are highlighted.
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B1.1.1 Declaration of Collaboration Within the eMobility Technology Platform

One of the major objectives of the eMobility Technology Platform is to reinforce Europes leadership in mobile and wireless communications and services and to master the future development of relevant technologies, so that they serve Europes citizens and the European economy in the most effective manner (http://www.eMobility.eu.org). eMobility was publicly launched in March 2005. The platform supports part of the agenda set by the European Council (A new start for the Lisbon Strategy COM (2005) 24 02.02.2005). The eMobility Technology Platform is a representative of the mobile and wireless communications systems, applications and services area within Europe. It is open to all organisations active in the sector in Europe. At present, almost 500 organisations, covering the whole value chain, have joined the eMobility Technology Platform. Specifically, collaboration between on-going R&D projects, future projects under the 7th Framework Programme, EUREKA projects and National projects and Programmes will be supported through working groups of the platform and the activities of the eMobility Mirror and Liaison Group and Expert Group. Existing international links are being extended, for example, through liaisons with the National Science Foundation in the U.S.A., relevant universities in the Americas, the FuTURE project and FuTURE Forum in China, NiCT and mITF in Japan, NGMC in Korea and through the Wireless World Research Forum. Collaboration with other European Technology Platforms is at a mature stage and has been promoted by eMobility, which has organised a number of joint platform events, activities and press releases. Relationship of this Project with the eMobility Technology Platform This proposed project is part of the R&D in the area of mobile and wireless technology, which will implement parts of the eMobility Strategic Research Agenda. In this area the eMobility Technology Platform has set up a framework of collaboration, consultation and information, which is of mutual benefit to all eMobility members and the projects and programmes working in this domain. eMobility has developed, and published on its web site, a Co-operation agreement for each project that intends to establish close co-operation on common overall objectives. There are two versions, with or without access rights, depending on the intended grade of co-operation, providing a legal basis for collaboration and the agreement supports collaborative working groups through organising meetings, mailing lists and wiki tools. These processes will support the collaboration of projects and programmes within the context of the vision and Strategic research agenda of the eMobility Platform. It is the intention of this project to co-operate with other accepted projects towards common overall objectives and to contribute to the collaborative activities and processes established within the framework of the eMobility Technology Platform. The sets of co-operating projects will be defined after the acceptance of project proposals in a process of consultation between relevant projects.
B1.1.2 Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence

The work package on Cognitive Radio and Coexistence will enable the paradigm shift for UWB communications, supporting the transition from the conventional concept of underlay radio to a context-aware Cognitive Radio (CR) approach. A cognitive UWB-Radio shall be capable of interacting with the surrounding wireless environment, taking autonomous and intelligent decisions and adapting its operating behaviour to coexist with various (heterogeneous) networks, in order to minimise the mutual interference. These are the basic functionalities allowing effective spectrum sharing and dynamic spectrum access (DSA), as required in several present and forthcoming application scenarios. Furthermore, the CR concept can be exploited at the networking level to implement a number of co-operation/negotiation policies aimed at optimising the overall performance of the network. To achieve these goals, the work within WP2 will focus on spectrum sensing techniques and the corresponding interferers identification/classification, interference mitigation techniques, also leveraging on the unique UWB localisation features, spectrum-agile waveform generation and more importantly on the intelligence to be embedded in each CR-UWB node to ensure coexistence both at the intra- and inter-network levels. These goals and tasks are clearly related to the Objective ICT-2007.1.1 target outcome a) ii) flexible and spectrum efficient radio access and b) Optimised control, management and flexibility of the future network infrastructure, supporting the evolution towards cognitive networks and will provide also together with WP9 as expected result contributions to the IEEE P1900.4 standardisation of cognitive pilot channel as one form of cognitive signalling, what is clearly matching the first of the three expected impacts of this objective: Global standards for a new generation of ubiquitous and extremely high capacity network.. The CR related activities in WP2 and WP9 will furthermore hit the Objective ICT-2007.1.1 target outcome a) iv) context awareness due to the fact that WP2 will develop strategies of context aware UWB systems in order to optimise the intra and inter system coexistence of future UWB devices. The extension of the UWB centric
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approaches (DAA) towards a more co-operative approach (Cognitive Pilot Channel) will be the key of Task 2.6 within WP2 and fulfils perfectly the context awareness functionality inherently.
B1.1.3 Multiple Antenna UWB Systems

The main objective of WP3 Multiple Antenna UWB Systems is to allow for innovations, evaluation of multiple antenna specific algorithms and verification of enhanced implementation solutions developed within the EUWB project. In detail this work package will first identify and provide system concepts, requirements and measurement set-ups for specific application environments, in particular for UWB in home environment, UWB in automotive environment, and UWB in public transport. Based on the developed application-specific MIMO-UWB channel models, parameter extraction and defined scenarios, a MIMO test-bed for evaluation and validation of multiple antenna algorithms and system designs will be provided. An evolution of this initial test-bed will allow the study of multi-user and interference scenarios by providing access to the real MIMO-UWB channel. The development of application-aware algorithms for link quality improvement, range extension, and multi-user enhancements will be a major objective of this work package in order to exploit the benefits offered by the multiple antenna technology. Furthermore, implementation-aware algorithms and system design to solve the challenges arising from various application-oriented solutions will be developed based on the evaluation of the HW implementation aspects of certain MIMO-UWB functions. Main output of this work will be a resource evaluation and verification of certain multiple antenna solutions via prototyping approaches as to deliver system reference documents for oncoming MIMO regulation and standardisation activities. This standardisation contribution is again directly contributing together with WP9 to the first expected impact of the envisaged objective: Global standards for a new generation of ubiquitous and extremely high capacity network.
B1.1.4 UWB Enabled Advanced Localisation and Tracking

Thanks to its inherent ability to minimise interference onto other wireless systems, allied with its sub-centimetre ranging resolution, ultra-wideband (UWB) radio is definitely one of the most promising technologies to realise both low and high data rate communication systems with integrated localisation and tracking (LT) applications. As such, UWB can be thought of a natural platform to support location aware techniques and location based services, which are regarded as important growth areas of wireless communications systems. With EUWBs leading industrial and research partners participating from the beginning on in the relevant standardisation bodies in IEEE 802.15.4a and ETSI TG31c the second expected impact of Objective ICT-2007.1.1 is addressed with equal weight to the first expected impact in this work package. Concerning LDR-LT the European industry has a chance to be equally as fast or even leading the approach to the market. Indeed, knowledge of device locations can be used as an optimisation factor in the design of cross-layer solutions aimed to improve the quality of communication systems. Techniques to increase interference-robustness, to minimise the power consumption, to define cognitive radio strategies and to handle mobility management, for instance, can all benefit from location-awareness. One objective of this project is to investigate novel and advanced solutions for the localisation and tracking of multiple devices at both algorithmic and network architecture levels as an enabling technology for location aware techniques and location based services. In particular, the research will be focused on very large heterogeneous networks as well as to medium/small networks deployed in harsh environments. A soft algorithm will be developed in order to harmonise the mixture of static and dynamic scenarios. Moreover, in order to fulfil the different application requirements (LT-based services in public transport, surveillance in home environment, LT-services in automotive environments), the algorithms will be developed by exploiting the advantages of active and passive localisation methods as well as by making usage of the information diversity available from the different technologies. In addition to the development of advanced algorithms for LT engines, the impact of the Location-Awareness onto communication systems will be investigated, including innovative routing and relaying methods, as well as their impact on system capacities. In conclusion, we will define the theoretical limits for the most important parameters of a communication system and study new system concepts based on location awareness. The results will be extremely important for three out of the four main application areas and will enable the key applications to increase the competitive advantage and therefore strengthening some key European economic sectors.
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B1.1.5 UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation

Objective ICT-2007.1.1 target outcome a) iii) elimination of the barriers to broadband access and ultra high speed end to end connectivity with optimised protocols and routing is perfectly addressed in the W5 by researching, developing and implementing two feasible solutions to combine the advantages of the UWB principle with the strength of band extension towards more spectrum resources. By integrating standardised UWB HDR and VHDR communication devices into a broad rang of applications the barriers between access and ultra high speed connectivity can be eliminated. Furthermore, the co-ordinated and intelligent combination of UWB with cheap 60 GHz technologies will lead the way towards even higher data rates and more efficient use of spectrum resources. WP5 considers the realisation of multiband/multimode UWB platforms. UWB radio technology have been investigated and assigned to the frequency band in 310 GHz. In this frequency range two typical application streams are addressed: HDR (high data rata) enabler and LDR-LT (low data rate location and tracking) enabler. Multiband/multimode innovations are related to UWB radio technology combined advantageously together with operations in different frequency bands or in conjunction with different mode of operation. The first investigation area of WP5 is related to the Bluetooth Version 3, where a WiMedia compliant UWB radio operating between 3 and 10 GHz will be combined with a legacy Bluetooth radio operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. It is a general understanding also by the Bluetooth community that the UWB (WiMedia) PHY should provide benefits of the larger throughput but in the same time should offer the down compatibility to Bluetooth 1.02.0. Having this in mind the developments will address the evolution from todays large legacy infrastructures towards new infrastructures by striking a balance between backward compatibility requirements and the need to explore disruptive architectures to build future internet, mobile, broadband, and associated service infrastructures. Once having the definition of constrains in different multimode operation scenarios, we will consequently investigate and define the means in upgrading MAC structures, higher layers and profiles towards the final solution. The results in (MAC, PAL) architectures updates and the verified implementation results of the innovative solutions will be disseminated in the Bluetooth and UWB standardisation community and thus impact to the global standards for a new generation of ubiquitous and high capacity network and service infrastructures. A second investigation area is dedicated to a combination of a UWB radio technology with future radios operating within the 60 GHz range by reusing existing channel structures, existing basics of the MAC, and exploring adaptations and enhancements required to provide benefits in specific application scenarios. The usage of the new UWB 60 GHz range would include new essential possibilities and provide new benefits to users of WiMedia UWB systems. Namely due to the fact that the 60 GHz range offers a bandwidth of about 4 GHz world-wide, WiMedia frequency channels might be bundled in this band, allowing about 8 parallel channels and instantaneously through puts close to 10 Gbit/s. Eliminating barriers to ultra high speed end to end connectivity over smaller distances, this would be the basis for new killer applications like half a meter ultra fast data transfers. In this approach existing WiMedia solutions for PHY and MAC limits needs to be challenged. Strategies, rules and conditions of switching between the 60 GHz range and the usual UWB range below 10 GHz will be proposed and potentially verified. It is important to investigate under what circumstances the switch from mode to mode is preferably done, or need to be done as a results of fall back, when QoS get worse or channel gets worse or when interferers are present. The aim is to obtain an optimised control, management and flexibility of the future network infrastructure, supporting the evolution towards cognitive networks. The multiband/multimode operation is not intended as a mere bridging application from one physical layer to another, but rather a combination of multiple or similar physical layers with different capabilities to support differing requirements for multiple applications and therefore being highly context aware. Issues of combining applications over WiMedia UWB devices on one side and possible IEEE 802.15.4a on the other side shows another aspect requiring specific solutions in multimode UWB operation.
B1.1.6 UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks

The tasks addressed in WP6 contribute actually to a series of target outcomes defined in ICT-2007.1.1. The tasks fit perfectly to the achievement of the following topics included in the Objective 1 (The Network of the Future) of Challenge 1 (Pervasive and Trusted Network and Service Infrastructures): Context awareness: precise location awareness will allow operators and providers to offer novel services based on the knowledge of user position provided by the location and tracking capabilities.
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Convergence and interoperability of heterogeneous mobile and broadband network technologies: UWB is able to provide high data rates in wireless personal networks meaning with a short link distance. One of the goal of the project is to allow UWB interoperability with backhaul networks such as WiMAX or HSPA to provide a broadband access to convergence networks. Flexible and spectrum efficient radio access enabling ubiquitous access to broadband mobile services for short range to wide area networking: low power emission of UWB enables an efficient use of the radio spectrum when coexisting with other radio technologies. UWB integration in heterogeneous networks will contribute to offer pervasive and broadband access. In the project, studies of coexistence with future wireless technologies will be done in order to guarantee an efficient use of the spectrum. Elimination of the barriers to broadband access and ultra high speed end to end connectivity: the development of multi-radio interface (UWB, HSPA, WiMAX, ) devices will enable to make easier a seamless broadband connectivity. Enabling intelligent distribution of services across multiple access technologies: the provision of services by means of platform architecture like IMS enables to offer services independently on the access architecture. The services developed in the project will be integrated taking into account the IMS recommendations.
B1.1.7 Open UWB Technology Platforms

The Open Technology Platforms WP will provide open UWB platforms to the application and research WPs and demonstration for integration to the planned demonstrator. The first open platform will be a Low Data Rate platform with location and tracking capabilities (LDR-LT) based on the IEEE 802.15.4a standard. The second open platform will implement a High Data Rate and Very High Data Rate ((V)HDR) platform based on the ECMA 368/369 (WiMedia) OFDM based UWB standard. The development of the open platforms will be guided by the requirement inputs from the application and research WPs. The Open Technology Platforms WP will provide the needed feasibility feedback to the planned demonstration activities. The open platforms will give the application and research WPs the needed bases for their demonstration activities. By using open platforms enabling a relatively easy bridging and customisation to future products the further exploitation of the results in the application and research WPs will be simplified and those incentive for smaller companies to enter the market is increased. For the integration and demonstration work performed in the corresponding WPs the Open Technology Platforms WP will give a comprehensive technical support by providing the needed manuals, training and support resources during the integration phase to the application and research WPs. The open platform concepts addressed in WP7 contribute to the achievement of the following topics included in the Objective 1 (The Network of the Future) of Challenge 1 (Pervasive and Trusted Network and Service Infrastructures): New economic opportunities with new classes of networked applications, by providing a flexible solution which can be adapted to the specific needs of the new classes of networks. Reinforced European industrial leadership wireless networks by providing flexible UWB solutions not only for the mass market but also for small and medium enterprises and deployment. Flexible and spectrum efficient radio access enabling ubiquitous access to broadband mobile services for short range to wide area networking: The platform concepts will open up the opportunity for a larger set of companies to develop efficient and adapted solution using the UWB technology in order to increase the efficient spectrum usage. Significantly larger and diverse number of devices: In order to support the diversity of devices a simple integration into application environments and the simple adaptation of the devices is needed. These topics are addressed in the scope of WP7. New services and complex user requirements: The availability of open platforms based on standards for (V)HDR and LDR-LT will simplify the adaptation of these standards towards new services and more complex user requirements.
In general the chosen open platform concept as the bases for the EUWB development will enable the wider usage of the UWB technology especially in the important innovative sector of SMEs in Europe. The flexible HW part in the (V)HDR will give these companies the flexibility they need for there application diversification without the
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need of high investments in chips design. This will clearly open up new industrial/service opportunities in Europe, especially in the internet technology domain.
B1.1.8 UWB in European Key Industry Application Areas

Aim of this work package is to define the application scenarios and provide the requirements for three specific applications: public transport, automobile and home environment. HDR and LDR UWB platforms used in these WPs will come from WP7. For the public transport the application of UWB technologies is envisaged both for passengers services and for internal communication purposes. The most interesting UWB functionalities to be integrated and demonstrated to be applicable to this environment are: HDR communications, e.g. for video on demand and multimedia services, and LDR with location capabilities. For the automobile environment, two different kinds of applications will be looked at. The first one, wireless communication inside the car, aims to reduce cabling effort by providing reliable data communication between components. Typical examples are sensor to electronic control unit communication or providing communication to control buttons for comfort functions, located in the passenger seat. The second kind of application, location tracking, will allow following the position of a tag inside the car, enabling comfort functions like personalised seat settings or even driver authorisation. For both of the above mentioned application environments the project directly addresses ICT-2007.1.1 target outcome a) vi) scalability, delivering an order of magnitude increase in the number of connected devices and enabling the emergence of applications that are machine-to- machine or sensor-based beyond RFID and are capable of functioning within a multiplicity of public or private operating environments. Automotive environment, public transport: The use of standardised UWB communication device in these environments will greatly extend the potential use of the technology. The application related WP in EUWB will demonstrate especially the efficient use of UWB in the domain of sensor networks and machine-to-machine communication. The home environment application will focus on two application scenarios and related requirements. First is the multiband/multimode UWB platform activity with the 60 GHz radio. This combination can offer the possibility of using the large available bandwidth at 60 GHz for the transfer of the high definition video content to the display. The larger bandwidth can accommodate the higher throughput requirements of high definition video applications. The advantage of this would be to open the lower UWB frequencies for the high quality surround sound audio application for home environment systems. The second application is to use the UWB localisation and tracking algorithms to both locate the speaker boxes in a 5.1/7.1 surround sound system in a room and to send the appropriate audio signal over the wireless UWB link. These capabilities of the UWB can also then be used to locate the user within the room and optimise the audio experience accordingly.
B1.1.9 European and Global Regulation and Standardisation

Harmonised radio frequency spectrum regulation and standardisation is a prerequisite enabling the global use of communication systems based on radio technologies as it ensures from legal point of view the accessibility of the information transport resource, the radio spectrum required for applying the communication system. Further driver to mass market success is a harmonised standardisation even if in principle the radio spectrum could be used without a standardisation. Harmonised standards enable interoperability of radio systems from different manufacturers. In addition an appropriate regulation and standardisation enables coexistence of different radio systems without causing harmful interference. Regulatory aspects Todays regulatory process is defined in a way that a lot of different steps in CEPT has to be taken due to distributed responsibilities in different working groups (WG) and task groups (TG). This leads to expensive effort to be spent in manpower and manpower. The time duration until a frequency assignment is decided is about/ greater 1.5 years. The establishment of the task group 3 (ECC TG3) which handles the regulation for UWB applications does not enforce the regulation process sufficiently. The problem today is that structures in CEPT are given which are not able to react in the appropriate way to fulfil the needs of the European industry. Very often
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individual national administrations obstructs the intention to reach a harmonised solution in whole Europe. The reason may be the national commercial aspect of licensing to spectrum access. Standardisation aspects (ETSI) The different steps for establishing a harmonised standard takes, similar to the regulation, individual national interests into account. The input for a harmonised standardisation in ETSI are the decisions done by CEPT (ECC). Often CEPT feels responsibility to influence the standardisation more then it is accepted by ETSI. This slows down the process in total. The status today is, that the time frame in which a regulation and standardisation is about 3 to 5 years from the product idea to the publication of the standard in the official Journal (OJ) of the ECC. It is important to enforce activities to shift responsibilities from CEPT to the technical standardisation bodies like ETSI. Because all involved parties, industries and national regulators are represented in ETSI already. This work package inherently addresses all target outcome a) ii)vi) and is obviously matching perfectly with all the three expected impacts: from global standards, through reinforced European leadership and new industrial opportunities. BOSCH is an excellent example in that direction and has proven such output already in the past working together in the appropriate regulation and standardisation bodies with several individual EUWB partners.
B1.1.10 Summary of Results

In terms of industrial application demonstrations there are four main areas addressed by the EUWB consortium. Those are the home environment, the cellular system, the automotive environment and the public transport. The integrated demonstration environments are all based on two basic open UWB platforms and one closed UWB technology platform. There are two basic open UWB technology platforms (real-time hardware, RT-HW), these are (f) for LDR and (g) for (V)HDR: (a) f and g with software upgrade for cognitive radio (RT-HW); (b) g front-end and off-the-shelf measurement equipment for MIMO feasibility study (mix of SW first and RT-HW later Q5); (d) g with new Bluetooth v3.0 like stack (RT-HW); (e) g and 60 GHz results from a potential project or COTS (RT-HW); (j) g and f (RT-HW); (k), (l), (n) f (RT-HW); (m) g (RT-HW). Closed basic platform is Wisairs proprietary chip set: (h) and (i) Wisairs chip set and/or g (RT-HW Q1).
B1.2 Progress Beyond the State-of-the-art

This section gives a short introduction in the history of UWB from its early days until now including the most recent developments in VHDR and LDR-LT, both addressed in this proposal. After this global description of stateof-the-art a detailed analysis for each of the topics addressed in this project is given. Ultra-wideband radio technology is not a completely new topic; in the past, it has been alternatively referred to as baseband, carrier-free or impulse radio. The term UWB was not applied to this technology until approximately 1989. The history of UWB radio and related literature have been summarised in various books and review papers [1][3]; the literature body on UWB-RT consists of more than a dozen books, over 200 IEEE journal papers and well over 100 patents. Some of Marconis first experiments (in 1901) represented a crude form of impulse radio. Pioneering contributions to modern UWB radio were made by Ross (since 1960) [2], and Harmuth (since 1968) [1]. The earliest communications patent was published by Ross (1973). Hence, although the basic concepts are well known, the technology is still relatively young, and improvements well beyond the state-of-the-art are necessary. In February 2002, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the U.S.A. allowed for commercial marketing and operation of certain products using UWB-RT. The frequency band between 3.1 GHz and 10.6 GHz was allocated for communication and measurement systems with equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP)
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following a tight spectral mask. For communication systems, the FCC differentiates between indoor and outdoor operation. Somewhat different frequencies were allocated for other applications: ground penetrating radar, through-wall imaging, medical, surveillance and vehicular radar applications. The ruling was reviewed and confirmed in early 2003, with only minor amendments. The FCCs outlook was very positive, and all indications in the U.S.A. considering the future deployment of the UWB-RT are favourable. In 2002, the standards association of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), established the 802.15.3a study group to define a new physical layer for short range, high data rate applications, complementing the existing and approved 802.15.3 standard. This group was dissolved without resulting in a standard and at the same time the European activities have been started in the European Computers Manufacturers Association (ECMA), towards a standard ECMA 369/369, and in the ETSI TG31a targeting high data rate applications. In the time since the 2002 FCC ruling, many companies have raced to develop proprietary UWB technology, primarily for high data rate, short range communications. More recently, companies have become interested in high data rate UWB solutions on the basis of one of the two main proposals for IEEE 802.15.3a standardisation effort. These two remaining proposals use either direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) or frequency-hopped orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) [30] as modulation schemes. Major players developing UWB technology include Freescale Semiconductors, Intel, Texas Instruments, Hewlett Packard, Philips, Samsung, Sony and STMicroelectronics, as well as small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) such as Alerion, Staccato Communications and Wisair. Data rates of 500 Mbit/s and beyond have been announced by UWB developers, mainly located in the U.S.A. Both Freescale Semiconductor and Wisair have announced the availability of integrated circuit (IC) solutions for high data rate UWB above 100 Mbit/s. PulseLink has announced a system capable of 1 Gbit/s for the U.S.A. Homeland Security market, and therefore at a cost point well beyond what is feasible for more mundane markets. Therefore, many technical challenges prevail, including the need to reduce the overall system cost while maintaining the system performance, reduce long acquisition times, design receivers featuring efficient signal energy capture, address link reliability issues through harvesting frequency diversity, design codes with flat or arbitrarily shaped spectra to reduce interference and ensure coexistence with other systems; these and many additional communications, IC, and system problems are still not sufficiently investigated to call the technology mature (see the section below on HDRVHDR UWB). To satisfy the demands for extended range and location capabilities of the low rate 802.15.4 standard, the IEEE recently established the 802.15.4a task group to define an alternative physical layer concept for low data rate applications. The IEEE 802.15 TG4 was chartered to investigate low data rate solutions for very low power and very low complexity systems. It is intended to operate in unlicensed, international frequency bands. Potential applications are sensors, interactive toys, smart badges, remote controls, and home automation, as well as safety and industrial applications from fire detection to smart warehousing and building automation. Again, UWB is a promising physical layer technology, and many of the proposals currently under discussion are based on UWB-RT. EUWB partners have been actively involved in that process and are following this further in addition to the ETSI TG31c focusing on location tracking and sensing applications based on UWB as well. Many EUWB partners are heavily involved in researching and developing UWB-RT and regularly participate in world-wide regulation and standardisation efforts. These activities support the work performed within the scope of EUWB. EUWB partners are strongly convinced that UWB PHY/MAC technology standards for LDR-LT and VHDR are essential, and have committed to drive corresponding efforts in Europe. Within the previous FP6, individual partners from EUWB are actively involved in co-ordination and dissemination activities with other groups including the Wireless World Initiative (WWI), the Broadband Air Interface (BAI) cluster, the Spectrum and Resource Management (S&RM) cluster, as well as the Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF), all of which explore short range communications and other topics relevant to EUWB. In Japan about 40 manufacturers, e.g. Sony, Matsushita Electric Industrial, Sharp, Victor/JVC, Pioneer Electronic, NEC and Mitsubishi Electric as well as Samsung Electronics (Korea) have co-ordinated efforts under the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NiCT) UWB R&D Consortium and are preparing product releases and testing facilities (http://neasia.nikkeibp.com). The Japanese Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications (MPHPT) has taken cautious steps towards regulation interacting heavily with members of the NiCT UWB Consortium. Within Europes FP5 and FP6, a number of IST projects was investigating particular aspects of UWB-RT. This includes whyless.com (www.whyless.org), Ultra Wideband Audio Video Entertainment System (ULTRAWAVES), Ultra-wideband Concepts for Ad-hoc Networks (UCAN), and PULSERS/PULSERS Phase II. The current project proposal builds on that history. While PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II have concentrated all the results from
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previous projects into a single large R&D effort towards basic technology solution, the EUWB projects logically builds on the previous PULSERS projects and contains its key partners plus additional partners leading the areas to be included in future UWB systems, such as cognitive signalling, multiband/multimode operation and intelligent antenna solutions. Today, the status of regulation on the use of UWB devices is only mature in the U.S.A. based on the FCCs First Report & Order, allowing deployment of UWB devices in the consumer market in the 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz band. China has indicated that it will follow the lead of the U.S.A. and allow similar regulations as put forward by the FCC. The situation in Europe was developing more slowly. Most recently, in February 2007 the first regulatory rule is in place in EUROPE as well, released by the EC following a series of Mandates towards CEPT and ETSI requesting the appropriate investigations to ensure sufficient protection of existing radio services in the one hand and the introduction of UWB RT enabling new and innovative applications on the other hand. EUWB partners (at that time under the label of PULSERS) have significantly contributed to achieve this initial regulation and are committed to further support the EC policy (in particular the European Commission Radio Spectrum Committee, RSCOM) updating the rules according to the knowledge gained in mitigation techniques and coexistence scenario developments. HDRVHDR UWB solutions In the domain of (V)HDR communication systems based on UWB the WiMedia standard based on OFDM and frequency hopping is the only broadly (more than 300 member companies in WiMedia) supported system. It can support up to 480 Mbit/s at 2 m distance at the MAC-PHY interface. Further enhancements of the data rates and ranges are planned. Two EUWB partners are member of the WiMedia board, namely EADS and Wisair. Several companies are working on the development of chipsets and systems based on these chipsets deploying the WiMedia standard 1.1 and 1.2 for the physical layer (PHY) and the MAC layer. The main target application as of today is the certified wireless USB (cWUSB) PAL (Protocol Adaptation Layer) from the USB IF (Implementers forum). The main players in the field of WiMedia chip set are: Alereon; Staccato Communications; Cambridge Silicon Radio; Wisair. Realtek;
These small companies are working based on the WiMedia standard 1.1 and 1.2. First chip sets are available and first products are appearing on the U.S.A. market (Belkin, Wireless USB hub). Some chipsets are already pronounced as WiMedia and cWUSB certificated. Some companies are/were trying to implement video streaming solution (Tzero, Realtek, Wiquest WiDV in Toshiba Tablet PC R400) in the lower UWB band which might lead to significant issues related to the European regulation. All this solutions are tackling the U.S.A. market by fulfilling the FCC rules only. EC compliant devices for the band 4.2 GHz to 4.8 GHz (Phased Approach devices) will follow but the redesign of the RF front ends is needed to allow for the lower out of band power and the needed inband avoidance levels of -70 dBm/MHz and -85 dBm/MHz respectively. Especially the development of reliable DAA solutions for an optimised coexistence of UWB with potential victim systems and the intra UWB coexistence are challenges to be solved in the future. WiMedia is working on an update of the standard including some DAA features but initial results will not be available before end 2008. The further regulation in Europe, Japan, Korean and China will strongly influence the development of standards for the use in these countries. A strong interaction between the standard development and the regulation is needed in order to allow for a timely introduction of initial DAA compliant devices before the end of 2010 (end of phased approach). Furthermore, the inclusion of the WRC2007 results regarding the spectrum allocation for beyond 3G services into the definition of DAA procedures is needed in order to guarantee a future validity of the developed system concepts for coexistence. The overall performance of the existing systems is limited and need to be optimised using enhanced techniques like antenna techniques and enhanced diversity techniques. The integration of the UWB communication solutions into other applications and the implementation of additional PALs (WiNet, Bluetooth, wireless firewire, wireless SATA) are still in a very early stage or did not even started yet. The WiMedia MAC and PHY have been developed with the goal of supporting a broad range of protocols. The real work of implementing these PALs is still pending. The application orientation of EUWB will approach these open points (performance, application integration beyond the computer environment) by integrating open UWB platforms into a broad range of systems. Furthermore, the overall performance of the solutions will be greatly enhanced by the inclusion of enhanced features extracted from the research areas based on the application requirements. The deployment of an open
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platform concept for the platform will allow the simple integration of the UWB solution into the applications of choice. LDR-LT Solutions In principle, the advantages of the UWB technology for low data rate communications and RTLS (real-time location system) rely into: Its scalability, to trade bit rate for range at low cost; Its potential low power implementation compared to equivalent low data rate narrow band systems, especially for the transmitter side; Its robustness to small scale fading, saving high fading margin in the link budget; Its excellent time resolution which should enable precise ranging and localisation (tens of centimetres, versus several meters for narrow band systems).
The most well known UWB systems available on the market to address the location and tracking are coming from Time Domain Corporation, MSSI and Ubisense [40][42]. The UWB tag application scenario for which these three companies propose products, is made of low power transmit only tags and a synchronised receive backbone. Time Domain is most famous company in the field, and their last commercial system is the PulsOn T210 which uses 3.2 GHz around 4.7 GHz central frequency and consumes 6 W. The UWB tag version of this system is the PulsOn T350. MSSI have released commercial systems called PAL650 dedicated to UWB tags. Tags are only in emitter mode and UWB receivers are fixed anchor nodes for which the power consumption is not an issue. Both these systems use different flavours of time of arrival to estimate range and locations. Ubisense product uses a combination of angle of arrival and time of arrival to achieve tag locations, again with a strong constraint on the synchronisation and the calibration of the anchors backbone. These systems satisfy the FCC regulation and, in some cases, the European regulation as well. However, they are all based on proprietary solutions. The IEEE 802.15.4a standard, the final version of which was approved in March 2007 by the IEEE SA, is an opportunity to increase competition in the development of UWB based RTLS and communication products being compliant and interoperable at PHY-MAC level, having a strong scalability and benefiting from the momentum of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard used in Zigbee. It is worthwhile to mention Nanotrons NanoLoc technology [43]. Based on chirp spread spectrum in the 2.4 GHz band, this proprietary technology benefits from a higher transmit power than UWB systems and thus can afford a higher range of operation. The localisation service makes use of the full 80 MHz bandwidth which provides a satisfactory location precision at the expense of a higher power consumption and increased coexistence issues in the overcrowded 2.4 GHz ISM band. Several famous research labs have initiated architecture research and chip design in the direction of implementing UWB chips compliant with the IEEE standard [44][49]. Highly promising results in terms of power consumption, e.g. a few nJ/bit, 10 times lower than in equivalent narrowband transmitters, were obtained which proves this key advantage of UWB over classical narrowband systems in such applications were competition is fierce.. However, still a strong research and development effort is required to come to integrated, high performance and innovative UWB architecture dedicated to low rate communication and RTLS. References [1] H. F. Harmuth: Nonsinusoidal waves for radar and radio communication, New York: Academic, 1981. [2] C. L. Bennett and G. F. Ross: Time-domain electromagnetics and its applications, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 66, pp. 299318, March 1978. [3] M. Z. Win and R. A. Scholtz: Characterisation of ultra-wide bandwidth wireless indoor channels: A communication-theoretic view, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 20, No. 9, pp. 16131627, Dec. 2002. [4] D. Di Sorte et al.: Network serviced provisioning in UWB open mobile access networks, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 20, No. 9, pp. 17451753, Dec. 2002. [5] D. Kelly: PulsON second generation timing chip: enabling UWB through precise timing, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, Baltimore, 2023 May 2002, pp. 117121. [6] R. Fontana et al.: Recent advances in ultra wideband communication systems, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, Baltimore, 2023 May 2002, pp. 129133.
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[7]
[8] [9] [10] [11]
[12] [13] [14]
[15] [16] [17] [18]
[19] [20] [21]
[22] [23] [24] [25] [26]
[27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33]
M. Roberg, J. Sachs, P. Rauschenbach, P. Peyerl, K. Pressel, W. Winkler and D. Knoll: 11 GHz SiGe Circuits for Ultra Wideband Radar, IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting (BCTM), Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A., September 2526, 2000. N. Chelouche, S. Hethuin and L. Ramel: Digital Wireless Broadband Corporate and Private Networks: RNET Concepts and Applications, IEEE Communications Magazine, pp. 4246/51, January 1997. Philips Electronics, Philips HomeLab officially open, Press Release, April 24, 2002, http://www.newscenter.philips.com/InformationCenter/NewsCenter/FList.asp?lNodeId=602 AMBIENCE, an ITEA project, http://www.extra.research.philips.com/euprojects/ambience J. Keignart and N. Danile: Subnanosecond UWB channel sounding in frequency and temporal domain, IEEE Conference Ultra Wideband Systems and Technology, Baltimore, MD, May 2123, 2002, pp. 2530. D. Porcino and G. Shor: Response to CFA ULTRAWAVES, IEEE 802.15 WPANTM High Rate Alternative PHY Study Group 3a (SG3a), http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/SG3a.html UCAN, Ultra-wideband Concepts for Ad-hoc Networks Ph. Rouzet and D. Helal: Proposal to IEEE for UWB PHY, link to the presentation in the IEEE repository: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2003/Jul03/03139r5P802-15_TG3a-STMicro-CFPPresentation.ppt whyless.com the open mobile access network, IST 2000-25197, http://www.whyless.org European Radiocommunications Office (ERO), 2nd Workshop on Introduction of Ultra Wideband Services in Europe, RegTP, Mainz, Germany, April 11, 2002. D. Porcino and W. Hirt: Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology: Potential and Challenges Ahead, IEEE Communications Magazine, July 2003, pp. 6674. M. Pezzin, J. Keygnard, N. Danile, S. de Rivaz, B. Denis, D. Morche, Ph. Rouzet, N. Rinaldi, R. Cattenoz: Ultra-Wideband: the radio link of the future, Annals of Telecommunications, tome 58, March/April 2003, pp. 464506. L. Carin, L. Felsen (ed.): Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics, 2. Conference Proc., Kluver Academic/Plenium Press, New York, 1995, p. 605. CEPT/ERC Recommendation 7003: Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD). J. Conroy, J. Locicero, D. Ucci: Communication Techniques Using Mono-pulse Waveforms, Proceedings on the IEEE Military Communication conference, MILCOM99, Atlantic City, NJ, U.S.A., Oct. 31 Nov. 3, 1999. EC Mandate M/329 to the European Standardisation Organisations, referenced in document RSCOM0307. EC Mandate to CEPT: Mandate to CEPT to harmonise radio spectrum use for Ultra-wideband Systems in the European Union, referenced in document RSCOM03-40 rev. 3. ETSI TR 101 9941 for communication and positioning applications. http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Engineering_Technology/News_Releases/2002/nret0203.html, FCC press release, Feb. 2002. Federal Communications Commission (FCC): First Report and Order in The Matter of Revision of Part 15 of the Commissions Rules Regarding Ultrawideband Transmission Systems ET-Docket 98 153, FCC 0248, released April 22, 2002. Federal Communications Commission (FCC); http://www.fcc.gov (Many standards documents may be found on this site.). Federal Communications Commission (FCC): FCC NOI: Rules Regarding UWB Transmission Systems, ET Docket No. 98153, Sept. 1, 1998. http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/ http://www.multi-bandofdm.org/about.html MBOA White paper, September 2004 http://www.multi-bandofdm.org/papers/MBOA_UWB_White_Paper.pdf I. Oppermann, M. Hmlinen, J. Iinatti: UWB Theory and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, June 2004.
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[34] R. Prasad, S. Hara: An Overview of Multi-Carrier CDMA, Proceedings of the IEEE 4th Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications ISSSTA96, Mainz, Germany. [35] PULSERS White Paper, WWRF Meeting, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, November 2002. [36] G. F. Stickley, D. A. Noon, M. Chernlakov, I. D. Longstaff: Preliminary field results of an ultrawideband (10620 MHz) stepped-frequency ground penetrating radar, Geosciences and Remote Sensing, 1997, IGARSS97, p. 3. [37] James D. Taylor (ed.): Introduction to UWB Radar Systems, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.A., 1995, p. 670. [38] Time Domain Corporation: Comments of Time Domain Corporation, Docket 98154. In the Matter of Revision of Part 15 of the FCCs Rules Regarding Ultra wideband Transmission Systems, 1998. [39] Ian Oppermann, Frdric Lallemand and Guy Salingue: WWRF White Paper, Chapter 5 UWB Spectrum Landing Zones. [40] http://www.timedomain.com/ [41] http://www.multispectral.com/ [42] http://www.ubisense.net/ [43] http://www.nanotron.com/ [44] M. Verhelst, W. Vereecken, M. Steyaert, W. Dehaene: Architectures for Low Power Ultra-Wideband Radio Receivers in the 3.15 GHz Band for Data Rates < 10 Mbit/s, ISLPED 04. Proceedings of the 2004 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2004, pp. 280285. [45] J. Ryckaert, M. Badaroglu, V. De Heyn, G. Van der Plas, P. Nuzzo, A. Baschirotto, S. DAmico, C. Desset, H. Suys, M. Libois, B. Van Poucke, P. Wambacq, B. Gyselinckx: A 16 mA UWB 35 GHz 20 M pulses/s quadrature analog correlation receiver in 0.18 m CMOS, International Solid State Circuits Conference ISSCC, IEEE, 59 February 2006; San Francisco, U.S.A. [46] L. Stoica, S. Tiuraniemi, I. Oppermann, H. Repo: An Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio Low Complexity Transceiver Architecture for Sensor Networks, ICU 2005, 58 Sept. 2005, pp. 5559. [47] B. Denis, M. Pezzin, S. de Rivaz, S. Dubouloz, M. Sambuq, L. Ouvry: A LDR IR-UWB Receiver Architecture Based on 1-bit Direct Sampling, proceedings of IST Mobile Summit 2006. [48] Fred S. Lee, Anantha P. Chandrakasan: A 2.5nJ/b 0.65V 3-to-5 GHz Subbanded UWB Receiver in 90 nm CMOS, International Solid State Circuits Conference, ISSCC, IEEE, 2007. [49] Julien Ryckaert, Geert Van der Plas, Vincent De Heyn, Claude Desset, Geert Vanwijnsberghe, Bart Van Poucke, Jan Craninckx: A 0.65-to-1.4 nJ/burst 3-to-10 GHz UWB Digital TX in 90 nm CMOS for IEEE 802.15.4a, International Solid State Circuits Conference, ISSCC, IEEE, 2007.
B1.2.1 Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence

The emerging DSA technology aims at a more efficient use of radio spectrum. DSA would efficiently decentralise spectrum control by letting a communication device roam between different wireless networks. According to Ofcom (Office of communication), this would make efficient use of the spectrum by linking the supply of spectrum with demand though an open and competitive marketplace for real-time access to spectrum as opposed to having chunks of spectrum allocated to specific services for specific periods of time. Another thing that Ofcom is very keen on is that DSA would hinge on a system to allow network operators to transmit pricing information to handsets, leaving the handsets to then intelligently roam across different networks, and now there are no policies on it. Also, in the European Parliament resolution towards a European policy on the radio spectrum released on February 2007, Europe welcomes the development of new radio technologies that make efficient and flexible use of radio spectrum and that make interoperability and coexistence possible. As anticipated, the key technology for DSA is Cognitive Radio (CR). Cognitive radio is a radio that can adapt its transmission or reception parameters based on cognitive interaction with the wireless environment in which is operates. CR with intelligent capabilities of both radio link and network layers is capable of transmitting in an optimised way across the available signal dimensions allowing a potential huge increase in the prospects for spectrum efficiency, co-existence, compatibility and interoperability among the ever-proliferating wireless communication systems and devices. In the U.S.A., on December 30th, 2003, the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) released the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) covering the use of applications for cognitive radio technologies, of which the fourth application scenario reads as follows: cognitive radio technologies can be used to enable non-voluntary
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third party access to spectrum, for instance as an unlicensed device operating at times or in locations where licensed spectrum is not in use. Note that especially relevant to this scenario is the UWB wireless technology and devices. Regarding Europe, it is important to mention that on February 21st, 2007, the Commission of the European Communities released a decision on allowing the use of the radio spectrum for equipment using ultra-wideband technology in a harmonised manner in the Community. The decision concerns the use of the radio spectrum on a non-interference and non-protected basis by equipment using UWB technology, with the definition of maximum e.i.r.p. densities both in the absence/presence of appropriate mitigation techniques. UWB represents an outstanding example of enabling technology for the implementation of the Cognitive Radio concept. As we know, UWB systems are appealing for their broadband features, their low-power noise-like signalling, which basically can be exploited in the transmission over (licensed) bands producing a controlled level of interference on existing communication systems. On the other hand, UWB will face and cause severe interference from and to nearby communication systems. In this respect, coexistence and compatibility are important open issues, demanding for innovative solutions. CR will provide the required innovative solutions, and enable coexistence, compatibility, interference avoidance, and compliance with regulation through the attribution of UWB devices with CR capabilities. Within this project we will contribute to advance the current state-of-the-art, by developing UWB-based cognitive radio functionalities of spectrum sensing and monitoring, the capability of broadcasting spectrum, time and location related information via the Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC), the capability of optimising the communications and improving the coexistence of heterogeneous wireless networks and terminals, and solving the coexistence issues within UWB networks. We will also show how to utilise such capabilities in the application scenarios of the EUWB project, e.g. consumer electronics, automotive, public transport, mobile wireless networks. References [50] Federal Communication Commission: Facilitating Opportunities for Flexible, Efficient, and Reliable Spectrum Use Employing Cognitive Radio Technologies, NPRM & Order, ET Docket No. 03108, FCC 03322, Dec. 30, 2003. [51] COMMISSION DECISION of 21 February 2007 on allowing the use of the radio spectrum for equipment using ultra-wideband technology in a harmonised manner in the Community (2007/131/EC), Official Journal of the European Union, 23.2.2007. [52] DECISION No 676/2002/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 7 March 2002 on a regulatory framework for radio spectrum policy in the European Community (Radio Spectrum Decision), Official Journal of the European Union, 24.4.2002. [53] ERC: European table of frequency allocations and utilisations covering the frequency range 9 kHz to 275 GHz, ERC Report 25, Jan. 2002. [54] IEEE 802.22 Working Group on Wireless Regional Area Networks, http://www.ieee802.org/22/. [55] S. Haykin: Cognitive radio: Brain-empowered wireless communications, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 201220, Feb. 2005. [56] J. Mitola and G. Maguire, Jr.: Cognitive Radio: Making Software Radios More Personal, IEEE Personel Communications, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 1318, Aug. 1999. [57] H. Zhang, X. Zhou, K. Y. Yazdandoost and I. Chlamtac: Multiple signal waveforms adaptation in cognitive Ultra-Wideband radio evolution, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 878884, April 2006. [58] A. Giorgetti, M. Chiani, and M. Z. Win: The Effect of Narrowband Interference on wideband Wireless Communication Systems, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 53, No. 12, pp. 21392149, Dec. 2005. [59] S. Ben Jemaa, P. Houz, P. Cordier and O. Simon: Cognitive Pilot Channel, End-to-End Reconfigurability (E2R) dissemination, URSI CNFRS Journes Scientifiques, Paris, March 2007. [60] J. Lansford: UWB coexistence and cognitive radio, in Proc. IEEE Joint UWBST & IWUWBS 2004, pp. 3539, May 2004. [61] M. Z. Win and R. A. Scholtz: Impulse radio: How it works, IEEE Communications Letters, Vol. 2, pp. 3638, Feb. 1998.
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Patents [62] Shiuh Yuan Chen: System and method for providing efficient spectrum usage of wireless devices in unlicensed bands, U.S.A. Application #: 20070032254, 02/08/2007. [63] Petri H. Mahonen and Diego Melpignano: Method and system for optimising the use of the radio spectrum and computer program product therefore, U.S.A. Application #: 20070053410, 03/08/2007.
B1.2.2 Multiple Antenna UWB Systems

Edholms law of bandwidth confirms an almost exponential increase of data rates in the last two decades for wireless and wireline communication systems. Assuming this development holds true also for the future evolution of short range communication systems, which can reach today a peak data rate of 480 Mbit/s (IEEE 802.15.3a) over a distance of a very few meters, we can expect in 2008 peak data rates of 1 Gbit/s and in 2015 of around 10 Gbit/s. Such high data rates enable multimedia applications like very high quality video streaming and also high speed data exchange between mobile devices, e.g. mobile phones, offering storage capacities in excess of 100 GB already after 2010. Therefore, add-on technologies especially for boosting data-rates, but also for enhancing coverage and for improving link quality are required to fulfil the demand of future wireless short-range communications. UWB is applicable mainly for WPAN/WBAN in indoor environments, where the dense multipath propagation lead for high data rates to generally detrimental Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). A widely known approach for turning this drawback into a benefit is to exploit such rich scattering environments by use of multiple antennas, or, more generally speaking, by so-called Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems, where not only the receiver but also the transmitter is equipped with multiple antennas. While MIMO has been considered until the year 2004 as being too expensive and therefore far away from any commercial deployment, the final breakthrough of MIMO was triggered in the year 2005 by high speed WLANs. The targeted data rates of more than 100 Mbit/s were not able to perform with higher order modulation schemes because of too expensive analog radio frequency frontends. Moreover, MIMO offers beside data rate improvements higher link reliability and range extension. Meanwhile, MIMO becomes omnipresent in almost any new wireless communication standard, e.g. 802.11n, Mobile WiMAX, 802.20, 3GPP LTE, UMB, 802.16m, so that its way towards UWB is paved and only logical. However, beside this driving hardware cost/performance trade-off, MIMO uncloses additional degrees of freedom and additional benefits, even more as those offered by MIMO for narrowband and broadband systems. In short, the major benefits of MIMO-UWB are considered to be: Interference mitigation: By using multiple antenna technique the interference behaviour of UWB devices towards potential victim system can be optimised. A simple technique could be antenna selection. The aspect of interference mitigation should be taken into account into the optimisation of the proposed multiple antenna algorithms; Higher data rates: By opening independent spatial pipes, MIMO let the data-rate grow linearly with a slope equal to the minimum number of transmit/receive antennas without occupying additional resources. Simply speaking, doubling the number of antennas at transmitter and at receiver may double the data-rate; Improved link quality: Although the huge bandwidth of UWB basically offers tremendous diversity opportunities, in communication systems with highest data rates, e.g. MB-OFDM, which usually suffer from frequency diversity, any additional diversity gain is appreciated. MIMO generally promises significant transmit or receive diversity or both in order to improve the link quality; Extended coverage: Multiple antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver or both allow for array gain, which further extends the coverage of single antenna UWB systems; Interference suppression: MIMO-UWB aims not only for interference suppression by putting nulls into the direction of dominant interferers for a large bandwidth, but more general it offers improved performance in multi-user (MU) scenarios by use of sophisticated MU interference cancellation algorithms; Reduced analog hardware requirements: MIMO requires multiple antenna branches at transmitter- and receiver-side, which at a first glance increases the RF hardware costs by almost a factor of roughly equal to the number of antennas. However, the bandwidth requirement of all analog components is relaxed by the same factor. Known from WLAN, the use of MIMO pays already if a bandwidth of approx. 20 MHz is exceeded. Since UWB does not need a power amplifier with high gain, this threshold bandwidth might be somewhat higher for MIMO-UWB, but is likely passed for any UWB communication system;
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Concurrent localisation: The unique opportunity of a wireless communication system to locate the transmitter with high accuracy in indoor environment allows a new wealth of applications: first, so-called physical security by exploiting the strongly space-variant channel impulse response for physical coding purposes; second, data delivery for selected spatial areas only; third, enhanced resource allocation schemes supported by spatial aware cognitive radio concepts; fourth, improved handling of co-existence scenarios by exploiting the additional localisation information provided by multiple antennas.
One major research area within the multiple antenna technology are beamforming techniques as used for multiuser scenarios and interference mitigation. Current beamforming and beam-steering architectures use an active feeding circuit separated from the antennas array. Up to now the major part of the beamforming transceiver studies for UWB systems come from military [64], [65] and ground penetrating radars [66] or from medical and throughwall imaging [67] applications. For those applications the beamforming is realised with directive antennas by controlling phase and amplitude thanks to analog phase shifters ([65] split into different separated sub-bands) and controlling the amplitude distribution. However dimensions and cost constraints are much more relevant in the case of wireless communications. Due to UWB regulation constraints, beamforming has received a certain attention during the last 3 years. First works on UWB space-time array processing [68] are based on adaptive array concepts. Its main advantage is side lobes suppression for large bandwidths. Their cost effective implementation are still in progress thanks to progress in fast digital electronic. For example [69] propose the use of a digital variable delay circuit (3-bit tapped trombone-type structure). The solution adopted by [70] is a direct digital synthesiser which can provide subnanosecond time delay (using a digitally phase tuner). Their prototype succeeds to steer the beam towards 6 directions on a 60 angular range with 4 discones (omni-directional antennas) array on the whole FCC band. [71] uses a very small number of costly optical switches and fibre delay lines to realise an original feeding circuit of the UWB array. The research on specific MIMO-UWB techniques and architectures is highly related to the design and integration of suitable UWB antenna arrays. Unlike previous techniques, reconfigurable antennas contain the switch elements (pin diode, field effect transistor, photo-diode [72]) on their radiating structure. By switching on or off those elements, surface current distribution is modified and thus the antenna behaviour change. The main advantage is the suppression of the feeding network. Reconfigurable antennas are used to form or/and to steer the radiation pattern for high data rate wireless communication [75]. Reconfiguration can concern different diversity kinds: pattern diversity [76], polarisation diversity [77], frequency diversity [78], and even a combination of kind of diversities [79]. Beside beamforming, MIMO offers also a spatial diversity gain which increases link quality and coverage as pointed out earlier. Analog UWB Space-Time-Coding (STC) schemes provide a diversity gain by exploitation of spatial diversity and simultaneously balance fluctuations in sampling points to a certain extent [80]. A possible unfavourable electromagnetic coupling between antenna elements has been proven to be small for MIMO-UWB even for marginal antenna separations [81]. UWB systems with a receive antenna array (SIMO-UWB) are discussed in [82], where multi-user interferences and multipaths are taken into consideration. Even though a power increment (array gain) by multiple antennas is without doubt, the general impact of bandwidth on the UWB diversity gain is quantitatively not known yet, but intuitively understood as being beneficial to a large extent. There are only a few references analysing the theoretical performance of multi-antenna UWB systems. For instance, in [90], [91], [94] it has been shown that for N transmit and N receive antennas the MIMO UWB ergodic channel capacity linearly increases with N. Spatial multiplexing has been proposed in [103], where the VBLAST (Vertical Bell Laboratory Layered Space-Time) algorithm has been applied to UWB systems and a significant multiplexing gain could be proven. Challenges and Expected Advances Beyond State-of-the-art Research on multiple antennas for wireless communications started in 1987 and the first MIMO patent was filed in 1991. The more than two decades of narrowband (NB) and wideband (WB) MIMO research leads to an enormous amount of scientific contributions. Although MIMO-UWB offers an additional degree of freedom, namely the bandwidth, the research about MIMO-UWB is still in its infancy compared to the numerous contributions in NB/WB-MIMO so that numerous questions are still open. Some of them are: Interference mitigation techniques towards potential victim systems; Joined Interference mitigation and UWB link optimisation for multiple antenna systems; MIMO-UWB signalling trade-offs, e.g. diversity gain vs. multiplexing gain;
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Multi-user MIMO-UWB; Usefulness of channel state information at TX by (low bit rate) information feedback from RX (open loop/closed loop; simplified modulation schemes based on code books); MIMO-UWB system joint performance analysis for localisation and communications (max. data rates, max. coverage, max. link quality), e.g. channel capacity bounds, Cramer-Rao bounds and similar; Optimisation of MIMO-UWB (adaptive) modulation schemes (OFDM, IR, TR etc.); Design of compact and suitable UWB antenna arrays (incl. polarisation); efficient MIMO-UWB RF circuit design; MIMO-UWB Architectures and VLSI Implementation; Energy efficiency of MIMO-UWB systems; MIMO-UWB MAC and cross-layer design. Within the scope of this project we expect to reach the following advances beyond state-of-the-art: Advanced (time-variant) MIMO-UWB channel models supported by real-time MIMO-UWB channel measurements; Enhancements of link quality and robustness to human shading for VHDR; Range extension for VHDR; Extremely High Data Rates in excess of 45 Gbit/s over short distances; Multi-user support and interference mitigation through spatial separation/beamforming; Location-aided MIMO-UWB cross PHY/MAC protocols; Improved spatial reuse through directional interference mitigation.
References [64] J. D. Taylor (ed.): Introduction to Ultra-Wideband Radar Systems, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1995. [65] P. Berrisset, J. De Kat, S. Morvan, Y. Chevalier: Return Loss Reduction Techniques for an Ultra Wide Bandwidth Phased Array Antenna in V/UHF Band, Proc. EuCap 2006. [66] A. Yarovoy, P. Aubry, P. Lys, L. Ligthart: UWB Array-Based Radar for Landmine Detection, Radar Conference 2006, 3rd European publication, pp. 186189, Manchester, Sept. 2006. [67] Wanjun Zhi, Francois Chin, Michael Yan-Wah Chia: Near Field Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection by UWB Minimum Variance Beamforming, IEEE 2006 International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Waltham, MA, U.S.A., pp. 593597, Sept. 2006. [68] M. G. M. Hussain: Principles of space-time array processing for ultra wide-band impulse radar and radio communications, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., Vol. 51, pp. 393403, May 2002. [69] J. Roderick, H. Krishnaswamy, K. Newton, H. Hashemi: Silicon-Based Ultra-Wideband BeamForming; Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of, Vol. 41, Issue 8, pp. 17261739, Aug. 2006. [70] Michael Y.-W Chia,., Teck-Hwee Lim, Jee-Khoi Yin, Piew-Yong Chee, Siew-wenig Leong, ChanKuen Sim,: Electronic beam-steering design for UWB phased array, Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on Vol. 54, Issue 6, Part 1, pp. 24312438, June 2006. [71] P. Saengudomlert, V. W S. Chan: Using optical switches and fiber delay lines for wideband beamforming with RF uniform linear antenna arrays, TENCON 2004, IEEE Conference, Vol. A, pp. 555558 Vol. 1, 2124 Nov. 2004. [72] L. Yang, G. B. Giannakis: Space-Time Coding for Impulse Radio, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2002. [73] A. Sibille, S. Bories: Spatial Diversity for UWB Communications, 5th European personal mobile communications conference, Glasgow, April 2003. [74] L. Carin, K. Agi: Ultra-wideband transient microwave scattering measurements using optoelectronically switched antennas, Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on Vol. 41, Issue 2, pp. 250254, Feb. 1993. [75] A. Sibille, S. Fassetta: Intersector correlations: a quantitative approach to switched beams diversity performance in wireless communications, Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on Vol. 51, Issue 9, pp. 22382243, Sep 2003.
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[76] L. Petit, L. Dussopt, J.-M. Laheurte: MEMS-Switched Parasitic-Antenna Array for Radiation Pattern Diversity, Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on Vol. 54, Issue 9, Sept. 2006, pp. 26242631. [77] H. Aissat, L. Cirio, M. Grzeskowiak, J.-M. Laheurte, O. Picon: Reconfigurable circularly polarised antenna for short-range communication systems, Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on Vol. 54, Issue 6, Part 2, June 2006, pp. 28562863. [78] Nanbo Jin, Fan Yang, Yahya Rahmat-Samii: A novel reconfigurable patch antenna with both frequency and polarisation diversities for wireless communications, Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2004, IEEE, Vol. 2, pp. 17961799, 2025 June 2004. [79] Symeon Nikolaou, R. Bairavasubramanian, C. Lugo, Jr., I. Carrasquillo, D. C. Thompson, G. E. Ponchak, J. Papapolymerou, M. M. Tentzeris: Pattern and frequency reconfigurable annular slot antenna using PIN diodes, Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 54, Issue 2, Part 1, pp. 439448, Feb. 2006. [80] L. Yang, G. B. Giannakis: Space-Time Coding for Impulse Radio, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2002. [81] A. Sibille, S. Bories: Spatial Diversity for UWB Communications, 5th European personal mobile communications conference, Glasgow, April 2003. [82] S. Tan, B. Kannan, A. Nallanathan: Performance of UWB Multiple Access Impulse Radio Systems In Multipath Environment with Antenna Array, GLOBECOM, December 2003. [83] Woosung Lee, Hyungrak Kim, Young Joong Yoon: Reconfigurable slot antenna with wide bandwidth, Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 2006, IEEE, pp. 30633066, 914 July 2006. [84] C. Oestges, A. Kim, G. Papanicolaou A. Paulraj: Characterisation of Space-Time Focusing in TimeReversed Random Fields, IEEE Tr. AP, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp. 283293, January 2005. [85] H. Nguyen, I. Kovcs P. Eggers: A Time Reversal Transmission Approach for Multiuser UWB Communications, IEEE Tr. AP, Vol. 54, No. 11, pp. 32163224, November 2006. [86] R. Zetik, J. Sachs, R. S. Thom: UWB Short Range Radar Sensing, IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, Vol. 10, April, 2007. [87] M. Landmann, K. Sivasondhivat, J. Takada, R. Thom: Polarisation Behaviour of Discrete Multipath and Diffuse Scattering in Urban Environments at 4.5 GHz, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Special Issue on Space-Time Channel Modeling for Wireless Communications, 2007, Article ID 57980 [88] U. Trautwein, C. Schneider, R. Thom: Measurement Based Performance Evaluation of Advanced MIMO Transceiver Designs, EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing 2005, No. 11, pp. 1712 1724. [89] R. Zetik, J. Sachs, M. Kmec, P. Peyerl, P. Rauschenbach, R. Thom: Real-time UWB MIMO channel sounder, Workshop on Short Range Ultra-Wideband Systems, April 1112, Santa Monica, CA, 2006. [90] Sigmar Ries and Thomas Kaiser: Ultra Wideband Impulse Beamforming: Its a Different World, Special Issue on Signal Processing in UWB Communications, invited paper, to appear 2005, Elsevier Science. [91] Holger Boche, Andre Bourdoux, Javier Fonollosa, Thomas Kaiser, Andreas Molisch, Wolfgang Utschick: Smart Antennas State of the Art, invited paper, IEEE Vehicular Technology Society, February 2006. [92] Thomas Kaiser, Christiane Senger, Jens Schroeder, Stefan Galler, Emil Dimitrov, Mohammed ElHadidy, Bamrung Tau Sieskul et al.: Ultra-Wideband Wireless Systems A Broad Overview, invited paper, Radio Science Bulletin, Union Radio-Scientifique Internationale (URSI), to appear in 2007. [93] Yisheng Xue and Thomas Kaiser: Exploiting Multiuser Diversity with Imperfect 1-bit Channel Feedback and Its Application to a Multiuser MIMO-OFDM System, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Nov. 2006. [94] Zheng Feng, Thomas Kaiser: On the Channel Capacity of Multi-Antenna Systems with Nakagami Fading, EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, Vol. 2006, Article ID 39436. [95] Zheng Feng, Thomas Kaiser: On the Evaluation of Channel Capacity of Multi-Antenna UWB Indoor Wireless Systems, accepted, IEEE Transactions on Communications. [96] Thomas Kaiser: MIMO and UWB A Systematic Approach, in Ultra Wideband Wireless Communication, Wiley-Interscience, ISBN 0-471-71521-2, October 2006.
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[97] Zheng Feng, Thomas Kaiser: Channel Capacity of MIMO UWB Indoor Wireless Channels, in UWB Communication Systems A Comprehensive Overview, EURASIP Book Series on Signal Processing and Communications, Vol. 5, ISBN 977-5945-10-0. [98] Thomas Kaiser, Sigmar Ries, Christiane Senger: UWB Beamforming and DoA Estimation, in UWB Communication Systems A Comprehensive Overview, EURASIP Book Series on Signal Processing and Communications, Vol. 5, ISBN 977-5945-10-0. [99] Thomas Kaiser, Andreas Wilzeck, Martin Berentsen, Xiqun Peng, Lars Hring, Stefan Bieder, David Omoke, Alfonso Camargo, Ayhan Kani, Onoriu Lazar, Ralf Tempel, Fabio Ancona: A MIMO Platform for Research and Education, in Smart Antennas State of the Art, EURASIP Book Series on Signal Processing and Communications, Vol. 3, ISBN 977-5945-09-7. [100] Thomas Kaiser, Amr Eltaher, Christiane Senger, Bamrung Tau Sieskul: UWB Ranging with Multiple Antennas in NLoS Scenarios, in Ultra Wideband: Antennas and Propagation for Communications, Radar and Imaging, Wiley, ISBN 0-470-03255-3, October 2006. [101] Thomas Kaiser, Jorgen Bach Andersen, Holger Boche Andre Bourdoux, Javier Fonollosa, Wolfgang Utschick (editors): Smart Antennas State of the Art, EURASIP Book Series on Signal Processing and Communications, Vol. 3, ISBN 977-5945-09-7. [102] Maria Gabriella di Benedetto, Thomas Kaiser, Andreas Molisch, Ian Oppermann, Christian Politano, Domenico Porcino (editors): UWB Communication Systems A Comprehensive Overview, EURASIP Book Series on Signal Processing and Communications, Vol. 5, ISBN 977-5945-10-0. [103] N. A. Kumar, R. M. Buehrer: Application of Layered Space-Time Processing to Ultra-Wideband Communication, IEEE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Tulsa, Oklahoma, August 47, 2002, pp. 597600.
B1.2.3 UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking

The development of efficient and robust algorithms for LT engines is still an undergoing research activity. So far, the problems of localisation and tracking have been considered distinctly, with dedicated solutions developed under the assumptions and objectives dictated by the various application requirements. Radio frequency localisation systems can be classified according to different criteria. One basic distinction between localisation systems is that between direction finding and range-based systems. Direction finding localisation systems are based on triangulation principles and use co-located antenna arrays and narrowband stimulation signals. Range-based localisation systems are based on trilateration or multilateration principles and are used especially with wideband or UWB stimulation signals. An overview of the localisation principles for UWB systems can be found in [139], [140]. With respect to the localisation technique itself, parametric and non-parametric approaches can be distinguished. While the former compute the location based on the priori knowledge of a model, the latter process straightforward the data with the usage, in some cases, only of sample statistic parameters (mean, variance). In the parametric approach, the techniques based on maximum likelihood (ML), pattern recognitions are the most common to be identified. On the other hand, the non-parametric methods are generally based on Least Square (LS) optimisation, triangulation, multilateration, Linear Programming (LP), Semi Definite Programming (SDP) [137], and Multidimesional Scaling (MDS) [136]. These same solutions can be further classified between inference based and non-inference approaches. Within the first group, Bayesian algorithms, based on the prior knowledge of the system model, represent a widely used solution often addressed to solve these kind of problems. To this category belong algorithms such as Kalman filter, uncented filter, hidden Markov mode, particle filter etc., each one with its specific requirements and benefit [138]. To the non-inference approach technique belong strategies such as triangulation, MDS and LS solutions. UWB, thanks to its inherent ability to minimise interference onto other wireless systems, allied with its excellent spatial resolution; represent one of the most promising technologies to realise LT applications for indoor environment. Nowadays limitation to its use comes from the strict regulation in Tx power, which does not allow the usage of signals suitable to exploit wide, harsh environments. In the future, studies on Cognitive Radio could allow, whenever felt necessary the temporary Tx, for specific nodes at higher power, with overall improvement on the performance. Interesting results have already achieved during PULSERS Phase II, where different solutions have been adopted for both static and dynamic contexts. The former has been solved through optimisation techniques, under both
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with distributed and centralised approaches [113], because of its ability to handle observations affected by strong noise. While the dynamic scenario has been solved through a new algebraic solution [116] suitable for large networks. The usage of dedicated algorithms can be prohibitive in some real applications, mostly when large wireless networks in mixed static-dynamic scenarios have strict minimum requirements. The design of flexible LT algorithms, which provide a soft-solution for both localisation and tracking, is still missing. To assist in localising the network, devices able to move freely through the environment, may be exploited to provide a large number and great diversity information useful to estimate the network topology. The usage of such diversity may help to overcome problems such as non line of sight conditions and may improve the location accuracy. The design of such LT-engine would require an algorithm which will be able to localise efficiently the static nodes, to use the mobile nodes to extrapolate more information, and finally, to recover the mobile nodes trajectories. When the observations provided to the LT-engine, are not only related to distances, then methods able to fuse the data are necessary. Large-scale heterogeneous networks are typical scenarios, where the presence of different technologies in the network, e.g. UWB, RFID, WiMAX, may be used to feed the LT engine with diverse types of information. The major challenge here is the design of LT algorithms capable to exploit the heterogeneity of the information in order to improve the performance. Passive localisation is another technique that is going to be developed and integrated into the LT-engine. This will allow to exploit even more the information available. While the classic method for passive localisation are based on acoustic waves, the challenge in this task will be the investigation of this possibility using UWB signals, trying to take advantage of their features. The development of an integrated active-passive localisation engine will define a state-of-the-art solution. Beyond the development of advanced LT algorithms, the WP will study innovative systems based on location awareness. The scope of this investigation is to enhance the reliability and performance of the communication systems that may use the location information to increase the channel capacity, to allow coexistence and to provide efficient methods to disseminate data and to manage the mobility. As consequence of this work, original strategies and methods will be derived and verified through computer simulations and possibly through physical demonstrations. At last, the WP will serve theoretical and practical considerations on the localisation and tracking algorithm performance and the impact of location information over a communication system in ideal and non-ideal conditions. The purpose of this work will serve the definition of optimum results, to be used as reference in the validation of the algorithms. Summarising, we can list the expected advances beyond the state-of-the-art as follow: Soft, efficient LT solutions for heterogeneous networks in mixed static-dynamic scenarios; Efficient methods based on location awareness to improve communication amongst devices; Limits and minimum requirements for LT systems; Efficient strategies for mobility management.
Books [104] I. Oppermann, M. Hmlinen, J. Iinatti, A. Rabbachin, S. A. Ghorashi, M. Ghavami, O. Albert, C. F. Mecklenbruker: Signal processing, in: M. G. Di Benedetto, T. Kaiser, A. F. Molisch, I. Oppermann, C. Politano, D. Porcino (eds.): UWB communication systems A comprehensive overview, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, New York, U.S.A., 2006, Chapter 3: Signal processing, pp. 143203, ISBN 977-5945-10-0. [105] I. Oppermann, K. Yu, A. Rabbachin, L. Stoica, P. Cheong, J.-P. Montille, S. Tiuraniemi: UWB location and tracking A practical example of an UWB-based sensor network, in: H. Arslan, Z. N. Chen, M.G. Di Benedetto (eds.): Ultra wideband wireless communication, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S.A., Nov. 2006, Chapter 17, pp. 451480, ISBN 0-471-71251-2. [106] K. Yu, H. Saarnisaari, J.-P. Montillet, A. Rabbachin, I. Oppermann, G. Abreu: Localisation in ultrawideband wireless communications and networks, in: X. Shen, M. Guizani, R. C. Qiu, T. Le-Ngoc (eds.): Ultra-wideband wireless communications and networks, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., Feb. 2006, Chapter 12: Localisation, pp. 279304, ISBN 0-470-01144-0.
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CWCs Journals and International Conference Papers on EUWBs objectives (only 20062007) [107] P. Pirinen: Outage analysis of ultra-wideband system in lognormal multipath fading and square-shaped cellular configurations, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2006; Article ID 19460: 110. [108] M. Hmlinen, A. Isola, J. Saloranta, J. Iinatti: UWB coexistence measurements with IEEE802.11a, Proc. of The IET Seminar on Ultra Wideband Systems, Technologies and Applications, London, UK, Apr. 20, 2006, 186190. [109] A. Rabbachin, I. Oppermann, B. Denis: ML time-of-arrival estimation based on low Complexity UWB energy detection, Proc. of The 2006 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband 2006 (ICUWB 2006), Waltham, MA, U.S.A., Sept. 2427, 2006, CD-ROM. [110] L. Stoica, A. Rabbachin, I. Oppermann: Impulse radio based non-coherent UWB transceiver architectures an example, Proc. of The 2006 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband 2006 (ICUWB 2006), Waltham, MA, U.S.A., Sept. 2427, 2006, CD-ROM. [111] G. Destino, G. Abreu: Localisation from imperfect and incomplete ranging, Proc. of The 17th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC06), Helsinki, Finland, Sept. 1114, 2006, CD-ROM, 5 p. [112] G. Destino, G. Abreu: MDS-WLS optimisation for sensors localisation, Proc. of The 15th IST Mobile & Wireless Communications Summit, Myconos, Greece, June 48, 2006, 5 p. [113] G. Destino, G. Abreu: Sensor localisation from WLS optimisation with closed-form Gradient and Hessian, Proc. of The 49th annual IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 2006), San Francisco, U.S.A., Nov 27Dec 1, 2006, p. 6. [114] S. Dubouloz, A. Rabbachin, S. de Rivaz, B. Denis, L. Ouvry: Performance analysis of low complexity solutions for UWB low data rate impulse radio, Proc. of The 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2006), Island of Kos, Greece, May 2124, 2006. [115] G. Destino, D. Macagnano and G. T. F. de Abreu: A Clusterised WLS Algorithm for Large Scale WSNs, 4th Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communication 2007 (WPNC07). [116] D. Macagnano, G. T. F. de Abreu: Tracking multiple targets with multidimensional scaling, in Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications, Sep. 1720 2006. [117] D. Macagnano, G. T. F. de Abreu: Tracking multiple dynamic targets with multidimensional scaling, The 18th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC07), 2007 (submitted). [118] D. Macagnano, G. Destino, F. Esposito, G. T. F. de Abreu: MAC performance for localisation and tracking in in wireless sensor networks, 4th Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communication 2007 (WPNC07). [119] A. Rabbachin, I. Oppermann: Comparison of UWB transmitted reference schemes, IEEE Proceedings on Communications, Feb. 2006, 153(1), 136142. [120] M. Hmlinen, J. Iinatti, I. Oppermann, M. Latva-aho, J. Saloranta, A. Isola: Co-existence measurements between UMTS and UWB systems, IEE Proceedings on Communications, Feb. 2006, 153(1), 153158. [121] L. Stoica, A. Rabbachin, I. Oppermann: A low-complexity noncoherent IR-UWB transceiver architecture with TOA estimation, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, MTT special issue on UWB, Apr. 2006, 54(4), 16371646. [122] A. Rabbachin, I. Oppermann, B. Denis: GML TOA estimation based on low complexity UWB energy detection, Proc. of The 17th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC06), Helsinki, Finland, Sept. 1114, 2006, CD-ROM, p. 5. [123] K. Yu, J.-P. Montillet, A. Rabbachin, P. Cheong, I. Oppermann: UWB location and tracking for wireless embedded networks, Signal Processing, Sept. 2006, 86(9), 21532171. [124] L. Stoica, I. Oppermann: Modelling and simulation of a non-coherent IR UWB transceiver architecture with TOA estimation, Proc. of The 17th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC06), Helsinki, Finland, Sept. 1114, 2006, CD-ROM, p. 5. [125] H. Viittala, M. Hmlinen, J. Iinatti: Performance comparison between MB-OFDM and DS-UWB in interfered multipath channels, Proc. of The IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2006), Washington DC, U.S.A., Oct. 2325, 2006, CD-ROM, p. 7.
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General reference on localisation [126] S. Gezici et al.: Localisation via Ultra-Wideband Radios, IEEE Signal Proc. Mag., Vol. 22, No. 4, July 2005, pp. 7084. [127] K. Pahlavan et al.: Indoor Geolocation in the Absence of Direct Path, IEEE Wireless Comm., Vol. 13, No. 6, Dec. 2006, pp. 5058. [128] R. Zetik, J. Sachs, R. S. Thom: UWB Short-Range Radar Sensing, IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2007. [129] M. Piccardi: Background subtraction techniques: a review, in Proc. of The IEEE SMC 2004 Int. Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, The Hague, The Netherlands, October 2004. [130] R. Zetik, J. Sachs, R. S. Thom: Modified Cross-Correlation Back Projection for UWB Imaging: Numerical Examples, ICU 2005 IEEE Intl. Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Zrich, Switzerland, September 2005. [131] M. Cetin et al.: Distributed Fusion in Sensor Networks, IEEE Signal Pprocessing Magazine, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 4255, 2006. [132] J. Sachs, R. Zetik, J. Friedrich, P. Peyerl: Autonomous Orientation by Ultra Wideband Sounding, ICEAA05 9th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, Torino, Italy, September 2005. [133] A. H. Sayed, A. Tarighat, N. Khajehnouri: Network-based wireless location: challenges faced in developing techniques for accurate wireless location information, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Vol. 22, Issue 4, pp. 2440 July 2005. [134] R. Zetik, S. Crabbe, J. Krajnak, P. Peyerl J. Sachs, R. Thom: Detection and localisation of persons behind obstacles using M-sequence through-the-wall radar, SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A., 1721 April 2006. [135] Neal Patwari, Joshua N. Ash, Spyros Kyperounta, Alfred O. Hero: Locating the Nodes, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, July 2005. [136] T. F. Cox and M. A. A. Cox: Multidimensional Scaling, 2nd ed. Cahpman & Hall/CRC, 2000. [137] Anthony Man-Cho So, Yijyu Ye: Theory of Semidefinite Programming for Sensor Network Localisation, April 2004 [138] Fred Daum: Non linear Filters: Beyond the Kalman Filter, IEEE Aerospace and Eletronic Systems Magazine, Vol. 20, No. 8, pp. 5769, Aug. 2005. [139] S. Gezici, Z. Tian; G. B. Giannakis, H. Kobayashi, A. F. Molisch, H. V. Poor, Z. Sahinoglu: Localisation via ultra-wideband radios: a look at positioning aspects for future sensor networks, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Vol. 22, Issue 4, pp. 7084 July 2005. [140] M.-G. Di Benedetto, T. Kaiser, D. Porcino, A. Molisch, I. Oppermann (eds.): UWB Communication Systems A comprehensive overview, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, May 2005.
B1.2.4 UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation

The EUWB project generally addresses application scenario families in the area of wireless personal area networks (WPAN) and limited WPAN with even shorter distances. In this area the well-known Bluetooth system is positioned as well as standardised UWB high data rate solutions (WiMedia based). The mentioned state-of-the-art wireless systems do have specifics in frequency of operations (dedicated radios with specified channels), PHY layers (supporting specific throughputs and coping with specific propagation channels) MAC approach (throughput, channel and application scenarios related) as well specific higher level protocols addressing different profiles and adaptation to the specific applications and network protocols. State-of-the-art Bluetooth systems are well established standardised WPAN systems currently in deployment. It operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, forming networks of typically less than 10 devices and supports data rates in the range of 1 Mbit/s. The main drawback of the system is the operation of WLAN systems (802.11x family) in the same frequency band and recently also WBDECT systems allowing larger throughputs and influencing the availability of frequency channels. The future development of the Bluetooth system needs as an essential step a new PHY layer allowing in WPAN scenario a new frequency range. Therefore, Bluetooth standardisation bodies recently decided to use upper UWB frequency range (above 6 GHz) and UWB WiMedia solutions as enabler [141], [142]. The current mass market WPAN protocol is Bluetooth 1.2, although the Bluetooth specification has continued to develop and now exists at version 2.1 +EDR. The FP6 project PULSERS Phase II is investigating
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and developing a hybrid Bluetooth/UWB VHDR radio demonstrator to illustrate the use of Bluetooth to discover other VHDR capable devices and establish a VHDR connection [143]. However the main switching strategies are still not defined and sufficiently specified. For example if we have a new version of the Bluetooth System (UWB enabled) able also to provide Bluetooth operation using state-of-the-art PHY and frequency range in 2.4 GHz and we want to communicate with the same device and also to communicate with old sate of the art device, one needs to decide under what conditions and what level by what parameters using version 2 or version 3 communication is established. If those parameters are sufficiently defined investigation of the MAC enhancements and PALs structures needs to be defined, realised, verified and provided to Bluetooth version 3 standardisation process. IEEE 802.15.3c is currently standardising a 60 GHz physical layer to support multi-Gbit/s data rates [144], [145]. This PHY will use the IEEE 802.15.3 MAC which is not the same as the WiMedia MAC. In general, it can be expected that each PHY will come with a dedicated MAC layer, and multiplexing of the data and control paths to/from the radios/applications will be done at the convergence/protocol adaptation layer. At this stage the PHY issues of the 60 GHz radio systems are not finally set. Aim of the EUWB project is to influence this process by providing suggestions for final PHY, MAC outlook of the 60 GHz system on one side and also coherent idea of merging some of the UWB WiMedia functionalities advantageously also for using 60 GHz frequency range of operations. This will allow fast deployment of the 60 GHz systems on the market using potential of the UWB WiMedia systems which will start more intensively on the market in 2009. This EUWB proposed approach is aiming of using 60 GHz range as natural extension of the new generation of the WiMedia devices in an advantageous manner. 60 GHz systems have been investigated in the past also in the scope of the European projects Median and Broadway [146], [147]. In those projects also OFDM based PHY for 60 GHz operations have been investigated. In last 10 years enabling technologies have made 60 GHz RF blocks feasible using CMOS 65 nm technology and SiGe (Bi-CMOS) solutions [148], [149], [150]. If data rates in the range of 10 Gbit/s are targeted in the 60 GHz range by use cases described mainly as application specific point-to-point scenarios, a lot of WiMedia protocol features would be obsolete. As a result an important point of innovation may be to define a sub-set of existing protocol features (minimising the system overhead) that still permit bundling of the typical WiMedia channels. In the same time potential bundling of the WiMedia OFDM channels will need some changes and adaptations compared to state-of-the-art WiMedia solutions [151]. This would also mean to investigate bundling channels combined with increased modulation depth of the OFDM carries, to skip frequency hopping and may be also to reduce number of the carriers to minimise the influences of the phase noise. Reducing number of the carriers by 60 GHz operation mode could be tolerated due to the fact that most probably the communication distance will be very small and channel characteristics will be better compared to the typical WiMedia operation in 310 GHz range. The results of this project will advance the state-of-the-art by defining and implementing: Usage scenarios for multiband/multimode operations where switching from one system to the other and from frequency band to frequency band is influenced by the: Type of typical application (range and channel behaviour) aiming 10 Gbit/s target; Traffic and QoS in main frequency bands; Local frequency regulation; Interference issues. Issue how similar or same PHYs may be used for operation in the UWB spectrum related to the 60 GHz range, starting point is OFDM related WiMedia approach with frequency bands about 500 MHz. Proposal for adaptation of the new generation WiMedia + PHY set-up as enabler also for very high data rates up to 10 Gbit/s in 60 GHz range; MAC interaction strategies together with CL/PAL architectures to map different QoS requirements onto different radios; Multiplexing strategies to support multiple applications over multiple radios; Proposal for adaptation of the new generation WiMedia + MAC set-up as enabler for very high data rates up to 10 Gbit/s in 60 GHz range; These dedicated approaches should develop into a verification platform allowing multiband operation based on the application scenarios developed. In this platform very advanced silicon solutions based on recent novel word class advances will be used.
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References [141] http://news.softpedia.com/news/Bluetooth-SIG-Goes-with-UWB-20628.shtml [142] http://bluetooth.com/Bluetooth/Press/SIG/BLUETOOTH_SIG_SELECTS_WIMEDIA_ALLIANCE_ ULTRAWIDEBAND_TECHNOLOGY_FOR_HIGH_SPEED_BLUETOOTH_APPLICATION.htm [143] (public PULSERS Phase II deliverables to be ready). [144] IEEE 802.15.TG3c, Dual-Mode Broadband and Wireless Network (DMBWN): a backward compatible system concept, 13 March 2007. [145] IEEE 802.15.TG3c, High rate OFDM system for 60 GHz WPAN, January 2007. [146] http://cordis.europa.eu/infowin/acts/analysys/products/thematic/atm/ch4/median.html [147] http://www.ist-broadway.org/description.html [148] P. Chevalier, D. Gloria: Advanced SiGe BiCMOS and CMOS platforms for Optical and MillimeterWave Integrated Circuits, STMicroelectronics, 2006. [149] W. Winkler, J. Borngraber: 60 GHz transceiver circuits in SiGe:C BiCMOS technology, Sept. 2004. [150] Yaoming Sun, Frank Herzel: An Integrated 60 GHz Receiver Front-End in SiGe:C BiCMOS, San Diego, U.S.A., January 2006. [151] Standard ECMA 368, 1st Edition, December 2005.
B1.2.5 UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks

During the last decade, the idea of making to converge the diverse networks has been broadly discussed. The idea of convergence can be explained from two main points of view: services (voice, data, media) and network architecture (mobile, wireless, fixed), but a unique target is pursued: enabling a ubiquitous Network Access to a pervasive Service Infrastructure. It can be stated that the roadmap for future converged networks goes through homogeneity in the core and platform services and heterogeneity in the access. In that way, the technologies enabling network access also interoperate among them and with other complementary technologies (3G with Bluetooth, ADSL with WiFi ), but their performance is still far from the aims of providing a truly mobile broadband experience, especially due to the low data rates offered by those technologies and to the effort needed to obtain the required convergence. UWB is a top-candidate technology to play a key role in this convergence process providing a reliable high speed network access in picocells and enabling the provision of services that complement current services offered in users devices such as localisation in addition to communications. At this moment, the development is finishing its first stage and in the near future UWB will contribute actively in the deployment of heterogeneous networks. EUWB will back the converged issue within the framework of WP6, that will cope with an heterogeneous scenario with different technologies providing wireless access in fixed-mobile converged networks. In WP6, UWB will be considered to be merged following two different approaches. The first one includes the UWB devices available at the beginning of the project and the aim will be their integration with the up-to-date network technologies (HSDPA, WiMAX, ADSL2+). The second approach will be centred on the insertion of the advanced UWB in future wireless networks. Another key advance in the provision of services is the context aware concept, which uses the information of the users environment aiming to offer the most convenient service in each place and situation. For this reason, obtaining a precise location of users is crucial to service and content providers. UWB will enable location aware services thanks to its intrinsic capability of accurate ranging. To make profit of these features, WP6 will study the inclusion of location information in service platforms that enables an easy deployment of novel applications. It is necessary to analyse the current situation and expected evolution of the traditional networks towards the convergence of a unified core network with different broadband accesses. In this way, a better understanding of the role of UWB can play in this progress will be allowed. From the side of the mobile cellular networks, at present, operators are deploying High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA, 3.5G), as an evolution from UMTS, with theoretical peak rates up to 14 Mbit/s. High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA, 3.75G) will follow HSDPA, providing the users with theoretical peak rates up to 5.76 Mbit/s in the uplink. Standardisation bodies are examining a series of enhancements to create HSPA Evolution (HSPA+) and then a new 3GPP radio platform called 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE). The theoretical peak data rate to be provided by LTE would be 100 Mbit/s on the downlink (using OFDMA and 20 MHz bandwidth) and 50 Mbit/s on the uplink (using SC-FDMA and 20 MHz bandwidth).
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LTE will address the market needs of the next decade. After that, the operators could deploy the Fourth Generation (4G) networks, using LTE technology as a foundation, based on IP and supporting full network agility for handovers between different types of networks, aiming to provide up to 1 Gbit/s. Although there are not official standards efforts yet for 4G, a group of predominant operators are working in specifying the requirements of future NGMN networks. To continue with the description of the advances to the convergence, the bandwidth and coverage area of WiMAX make it suitable for providing high-speed data and telecommunications services. In fact, many European countries have already awarded licenses for WiMAX networks deployment. The IEEE Standard 802.16e-2005, approved in December 2005 adds mobility support to the WiMAX, that becomes another cellular mobile technology (proposed as IP-OFDMA for inclusion as the sixth wireless link system under IMT-2000). Next step in the WiMAX evolution is WiMAX II (802.16m), that will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G. In PULSERS Phase II, the first efforts to achieve UWB interoperability with other wireless technologies have been made by developing a simple demonstrator where a laptop interworks at higher layers both UMTS or WiMAX and UWB interfaces, enabling to a single UWB device the access to the UMTS/WiMAX network. One of the goals in EUWB is to go beyond this stage enabling studies and implementation providing end to end QoS. Another goal of EUWB would be to have UWB and HSPA/WiMAX equipment integrated in the same enclosure for the Gateway in the house. To do so, innovative mechanisms to avoid interferences would be necessary. On the other hand, a peaceful UWB coexistence with other radio technology has to be guaranteed. In the proposed UWB regulatory draft, UWB interference is reduced by the inclusion of a restrictive PSD of UWB in the UMTS frequency bands (-85 dBm/MHz around 2 GHz). This PSD limit was proposed based on simulated studies and real measurements to avoid noise floor increment due to aggregation of UWB power emissions. However, the frequency bands for LTE and 4G systems are not still allocated and may be placed in bands where the current regulatory proposal allows higher UWB PSD levels. In fact, in the WRC07 (ITU-World Radio Conference) some of the frequency bands proposed to host IMT-Advanced are around 4 GHz, where the UWB PSD level is -41 dBm/MHz if efficient mitigation techniques are used, and -70 dBm/MHz otherwise. EUWB will study the coexistence with UWB and propose and evaluate the efficiency of mitigation techniques. It is important to realise, that the regulatory process only guarantees a peaceful coexistence when UWB is not in the same equipment as the victim radio. For this reason, the interference avoidance pursued in EUWB would not be solved by the regulation but by manufacturers studies and implementations. The needed mechanisms would then be studied and implemented in the WP6 of EUWB. To understand the UWB role in the operator service platforms, it is needed to revise the current situation and expected evolution of the fixed-mobile convergence process. Up to this moment, there have been decisive steps in converged direction. The inclusion of gateways to access packet-switched networks, as Internet, in the IMT-2000 architecture was a first approach towards the convergence with fixed networks. Another interesting example of converge is IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), aiming to specifying an architecture that enables interoperability for provisioning services. In WP6, it is foreseen the analysis of use cases of location services to extract the requirements of advanced and innovative service platforms. These requirements could provide some inputs to IMS specification. Traditional fixed networks operators have made also efforts for achieving coexistence, by working together in TISPAN (Telecoms and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networks), a group on IMS in 2005 with the aim of enabling it to work with fixed networks. The intrinsic characteristics of UWB allow the deployment of novel services offered by developments like Wireless USB or Bluetooth 3.0, both supported by WiMedia. Finally, on the side of the network access itself, the most popular fixed accesses used for final users are xDSL and HFC, using as complement WiFi connectivity in the customer premises for enabling a wireless access. The current objective in xDSL technologies is to leverage from ADSL2+ to VDSL, whose target is in 100 Mbit/s. Another interesting alternative is the use of FTTx (Fibre To The Home, Curb, Block ) that would enable even higher data rates. Beyond 55 Mbit/s of 802.11g, other technologies should be used and UWB is one of the best positioned, thanks to its higher data rates and low power emissions. These features make UWB a key technology in the deployment of multimedia networks at home. An example of this capability is the current demonstrator in PULSERS Phase II for high quality video transmission from DVRs to HDTVs. In EUWB, the integration of EUWB in access network equipment will allow the inclusion of UWB in xDSL routers.
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B1.2.6 Open UWB Technology Platforms

Existing UWB chips and design kits are closed environments without the needed flexibility to support a large range of applications. For the research the platforms are closed and can not be extended. Specifically the interfaces are limited. The EUWB open technology platforms should solve these issues. The WP Open Technology Platforms will provide two open UWB technology platforms for Low Data Rate with Location and Tracking (LDR-LT) applications and for High and Very High Data Rate ((V)HDR) communication applications. The tight coupling between the different component (RF, BB and lower layer MAC) does not allow a simple access and manipulation of the different blocks in the system. Here the open communication platform will add well defined access point and abstraction layer in order to allow the user a simplified integration and usage of the platforms. Both open platforms will be based on standards with modifications if needed for specific applications. The LDR-LT platforms will implement main part of the IEEE 802.15.4a standard, whereas the open (V)HDR platform is based on the ECMA 368/369 UWB standard developed by the WiMedia SIG. For the integration and demonstration work performed in the corresponding WPs the Open Technology Platforms WP will give a comprehensive technical support by providing the needed manuals, training and support resources during the integration phase to the application and research WPs. The UWB LDR-LT open platform key building blocks in terms of performance, risk and investments are the PHY chipset due to the fact that IR-UWB technology requires innovative architectures and clever compromises to balance in particular power consumption and sensitivity. In particular, the IEEE 802.15.4a standard was build to support a wide set of possible receiver implementations spanning from the simplest non coherent energy collection receiver to the high performance coherent RAKE receiver. So far, most of the implementations targeted low power consumption at the expense of a probable reduced sensitivity or reduced robustness to interferers at receiver side. Some example implementations use energy collection, down conversion followed by a single finger Rake receiver or high speed digital subsampling on 1 bit, all of them leading to different performance trade-offs, analog digital partitioning, scalability, etc. On the transmitter side, the power consumption advantage of UWB systems over equivalent narrow band systems is nearly proven. The proposed PHY architecture for the LDR-LT open platform, both for transmit and receive, is massively digital, based on CMOS technology and puts forward scalability and compliance to several different modes available in the standard. The receiver architecture is also expected to have some capabilities of enhancements towards cognitive radio architectures on the one side and towards advanced antenna sub-systems on the other side. The architecture is also ranging capable, with search engines using a 1ns time resolution.
B1.2.7 UWB Application Environments

Public Transport Wireless technologies have almost no applications in the current public transport environment. The introduction of this technology could open the possibility to a number of potential applications. Short range wireless communication could be used to offer services inside the transport compartment for passenger internal communication (e.g. internet access, distribution of multimedia information to normal passengers and tourists like time table, information about the trip and the tourist features, entertainment, hotels, restaurants, advertisements), as well to replace cables for data communication between devices installed in the machine (sensors for machine health and usage monitoring, lights, switches, ticketing machine, monitoring cameras, etc.). The localisation capabilities provided by UWB should also be used to increase the flexibility and to provide auto configuration capabilities for the network architecture (location based routing algorithms, channel allocation, etc.) and for the devices (plug and play installation). This will save weight and in particular will save manual configuration effort. In addition it will enable automatic detection of on-board items inside vehicles. Automotive Environment In the automotive environment, until now wireless technologies have only been introduced as an accessory, communicating with a fixed infrastructure. Prominent examples are mobile telephones, radio reception and navigation. Only recently, generic automotive applications like car to car and car to infrastructure communication gained some traction. Additionally, applications like keyless entry or tire pressure measurement employ only very simple proprietary wireless data transmission techniques. Such narrowband solutions achieve only limited reliability in dense environments. Specialised wireless applications inside a car are virtually unknown.
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Typically, the in-car environment is very tough for any wireless application. The metal shielding of the car body and changing occupation with passengers or load leads to complex propagation characteristics. These characteristics have to be addressed, in order to achieve reliable functionality for wireless applications. With this knowledge and UWB as basic technology, a novel technical approach to wireless data communication and location tracking inside a car is possible. Two basic application scenarios are envisioned inside a car. First, wireless connection of a sensor in the engine compartment to its electronic control unit, thereby replacing the automotive CAN/LIN bus wiring. Secondly, tracking the position of a small low-power tag inside and in close proximity of a car with high spatial resolution. Suggested use cases are car access, driver authorisation and personalised user-settings. Wireless technology increases the flexibility of the car at production and in use, by reducing cabling effort and complexity. Hard to reach locations can be easily connected to the car infrastructure. Using location tracking technology, novel comfort systems can be introduced, enabling passenger-aware interaction of the cars human machine interface. Intelligent Home In the home environment the growing assortment of HD TV broadcasts, video programmes, movies, games and user generated material is pushing the quality of the user experience to new heights for home environment applications. A parallel increase in the penetration of wireless connectivity at home has also placed new challenges for the wireless streaming of these contents within the home (and mainly in-room) in relation to the very high data rates required, the level of quality of service expected and the new user expectation for total immersion in the entertainment experience. The novel techniques developed for in-room localisation and tracking using UWB combined with audio tuning algorithms that can adapt to the user location provide an optimum listening experience and can offer exciting opportunities for enriched home environment experience. Combining this with the available bandwidth at the 60 GHz band can also open the opportunity of streaming HD quality video contents wirelessly in the room hence offering user flexibility and control, freedom from cable clutter and at the same time offering very high levels of entertainment quality and robustness.
B1.2.8 Regulation and Standardisation

For the regulation the main target is to influence the planned update(s) of the European UWB regulation in a way to improve the conditions to apply UWB-RT based systems and to prove the coexistence and interoperability by practical empirical results to further convince stakeholder of existing radio technology to share the spectrum. The evaluation of the WRC 2007 conference is considered important as new requirements for the protection level for the new frequency spectrum assignments will need to be defined and care must be taken to identify the appropriate scenarios and mitigation techniques to be applied in the bands below 4.8 GHz. In addition to these general advances some special application environments are targeted to be added to the list of allowed UWB-RT application environments. While adding the road and rail vehicles to the allowed user environments the partners have been successful already on TG3 and ECC level, we expect, that after the public consultation this will become already end of 2007 part of the updated EU UWB regulation. The generic decision of the ECC (Dec (06) 04) takes this aspects now into account. However, for the application inside aircraft, where UWB is currently considered by AIRBUS, a major European aircraft manufacturer, as a very promising radio technology with significantly less interference potential than other radio technologies, there is no activity started yet. This is planned together with the AIRBUS company (which is not part of the consortium, but indirectly involved by its mother concern EADS). In standardisation the expected advances are clearly defined by the updates of the existing initial versions and the introduction of new harmonised standards respectively. Here the update of ETSI EN 302500 as well as the introduction of the new ETSI standard for enhanced use, ETSI EN 302501 is considered an important step to enhance the performance of the LDR-LT systems as well as to enable them to be applied also in other than purely indoor scenarios. The update of the initial 802.15.4a will allow to take into account the changed regulation environment we expect to have after evaluation and processing of the WRC2007 and subsequent rules definition in the RSCOM and CEPT ECC. The updated version of ETSI EN 302066 will be mainly addressing the definition of the technical specification for the mitigation techniques resulting from the protection criteria defined in CEPT ECC TG3 already in 2007 and possibly in CEPT ECC WGSE in 2008 after the WRC2007. The updated version of the high data rate UWB standard defined in WiMedia, ECMA and subsequently ISO are targeted to contain additional operation modes taking into account our partners request for more robust modes. The participation in IEEE 802.15.3c has as a target to define PHY and MAC for very high data rate modes to transmit wireless multimedia mainly peer-to-peer.
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The work in PT1900.4 defining the Cognitive Pilot Channel is essential to enable the future data aided mitigation techniques to be applied in future generation UWB devices enhancing performance and robustness significantly. This will broaden the scope of the applicability of UWB devices and potentially opens the door for increased transmit power level. There is a general need to improve the regulatory process to save time to market, reducing the costs for the process on the industry side whilst protecting the existing radio services on a sufficient technical level. The European industry pooled in EUWB is at first primary focussed on the European market. Nevertheless, investments in new technologies like UWB make it necessary to cover a world wide market to justify these investments and to establish an European market leadership in this technology. Precondition therefore is to be aware on regulation activities running in parallel in the other regions of the world as e.g. in the U.S.A. (FCC) and the Asian Pacific Telecommunity (APT: Japan, China, Korea, Singapore, Australia.). Further it is considered essential as well to support the regulatory bodies in that regions with conclusions, reports, decisions and strategies to enforce regulations which fit the interests of the European industry taking into account the already existing radio service infrastructure in that regions. One example is the participation in the public consultation process requested by the Info-Communications Development Authority of Singapore (IDA) where the regulatory framework for devices using UWB technology is under development. Close contact and information exchange with the APT Sub-Working Group 5 (Sub-WG 5 RFID and UWB) has to be maintained and improved. Commercial aspects included in regulatory (national) decisions like different kind of licensing schemes have to be taken into account. Especially the frequency range below 6 GHz seems to be handled in different countries with different requirements (country specific different PSD in different frequency segments depending on certain mitigation techniques). Regulatory Activities in APT Countries In the Asian Pacific region, some APT member countries like Japan and the Republic of Korea have implemented a regulatory framework to permit unlicensed use of UWB devices in indoor environment, while others like Singapore and Hong Kong have established UWB trials within localised zones. In the case of Singapore, a UWB Friendly Zone (UFZ) was created in the Science Park II for UWB developers to conduct realistic field experiments. EUWB partners have used this opportunity to work in this advanced environment and to gain early results for coexistence investigations, which were presented then via IDA and the Swiss administration in ITU TG1/8 at that time. Hong Kong, on the other hand, allocates the 3.110.6 GHz band for UWB indoor trials and the 4.210.6 GHz band for outdoor trials. In Japan, the preliminary mask for UWB was announced back in September 2005. Subsequent compatibility studies show that UWB devices operating in the 3.44.2 GHz band should incorporate interference mitigation techniques. However, devices are allowed to operate in the 4.24.8 GHz band without mitigation techniques until end of December 2008. Other technical conditions are imposed for UWB radio systems operating in the 3.4 10.25 GHz band, see Figure 1Figure 1 for Japans emission mask. For the Republic of Korea, the spectrum allocation for UWB starts from 3.1 to 10.2 GHz, similar to that specified by FCC, but different emission mask adopted to accommodate its spectrum environment. Considering that mitigation techniques such as Detect and Avoid (DAA) are not validated yet, and the importance to avoid harmful interference to IMT-Advanced system and broadcasting relay system, Korea requires UWB devices operating in the 4.24.8 GHz band to use DAA technology from July 2010. The Asia region is still in an evolutionary phase related to the implementation of UWB into their regulatory schemes. During this phase, regulatory bodies of those countries are looking to the regulatory process which is on the way in Europe on which they rely more then to the FCC. Examples of different regulation results are shown in the figures below.
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PSD Region Frequency band limit
(e.i.r.p./ MHz)
Regulations
Targeted date for spectrum allocation
Remarks
3.44.8 GHz Japan
-41.3
Unlicensed. Indoor use only.
For devices that are not equipped with any interference mitigation techniques, the average power shall be -70 dBm/MHz and the peak power shall be -64 dBm/MHz. Allocated Over a frequency band from 4.24.8 GHz, devices are allowed to be used without any interference mitigation techniques until end of December 2008. Allocated * DAA technology is used to avoid Allocated harmful interference to IMT-advanced system and broadcasting relay system. Allocated For devices equipped with interference mitigation techniques the PSD limit shall be at -41.3 dBm/MHz. For devices without mitigation techniques, the permitted PSD limit is -70 dBm/MHz.
7.2510.25 GHz -41.3
Rep. of Korea
3.14.8 GHz
-41.3
Unlicensed. Indoor use only. Unlicensed. DAA technology* shall be used.

(This provision will be applied from July 2010, for 4.24.8 GHz.)
7.210.2 GHz
-41.3
3.44.8 GHz Singapore 6.08.5 GHz
U.S.A.
3.110.6 GHz
Unlicensed. Unlicensed. For localised use only. -41.3 Imaging devices shall be licensed on a caseby-case basis. Unlicensed. For localised use only. -41.3 Imaging devices shall be licensed on a caseby-case basis. Unlicensed. -41.3 Indoor use only.
Q3 2007
Q3 2007
Allocated
3.44.8 GHz Europe
6.08.5 GHz
For devices implemented with Low Duty Cycle, the permissible PSD limit shall be Unlicensed. at -41.3 dBm/MHz. Otherwise, the -41.3 Not to be used at fixed Allocated permissible PSD limit is -85 dBm/MHz in outdoor location. the 1.63.8 GHz band and -70 dBm/MHz in the 3.86.0 GHz band. Unlicensed. -41.3 Not to be used at fixed Allocated outdoor location.
Table 33: Frequency identification for systems using UWB technology.
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Japan Emission Mask

-40 -45
3.4 4.8 7.25 10.25
Power Spectral Density (dBm/MHz)
-50 -55 -60 -65

2.7 10.6 11.7
-70 -75 -80 -85 -90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1.6
Japan
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 11: Emission mask Japan.
Korea Emission Mask

-40 -45
3.1 4.8 7.2 10.2
-50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Korea
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 22: Emission mask Republic of Korea.
FCC UWB Emission Limit

-40 -45
3.1 10.6
-50
1.61
1.99
FCC (Indoor)
-55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
FCC(Outdoor)
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 33: Emission mask U.S.A.
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ECC UWB Emission Limit

-40 -45 -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90 1
3.4 4.8 6 8.5
1.6
10
11
12
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 44: Emission mask Europe.
B1.3 S/T Methodology and Associated Work Plan

B1.3.1 Overall Strategy and General Description
The EUWB project is a medium-term effort to significantly drive the research and technology development necessary for the application of enhanced UWB systems in future public and personal communications as well as in industrial and private sensor and tag systems. Ambitious targets for the project have been set in terms of the maximum data rates, technological advances (e.g. multiple antenna, cognitive signalling, multiband/multimode UWB), coexistence, interoperability and innovative combinations of UWB and positioning for LDR-LT as for VHDR-LT as well. As such all expected impact and key outcomes referred to in the ICT work programme under objective ICT-2007.1.1 are addressed and will be covered by this project as it is explained in Section B1.1 in detail. In addition, even a few topics of objective ICT-2007.1.5 are covered to a minor extend. To bring the ambitious goals to fruition will require the commitment of a large number of partners in the project providing the critical mass necessary to reach the ambitious objectives of the project. 22 partners from 10 countries within Europe, the Near East and Asia, leading the field of UWB R&D, have combined their excellence and resources to continue their successful collaboration in the field of UWB technology and application.
Figure 55: EUWB project history and partners excellence. Although the project is not a third phase of the PULSERS project, it can be considered as a logical continuation of selected PULSERS Phase II activities in terms of regulation and standardisation and technology development adding now in particular additional innovation activities on system level and focusing on preparing the legal and technical ground for integration into specific key economic industrial environments, where there is the most acute need for this technology to be applied. Besides PULSERS Phase II, also other previously running EU R&D projects have set the groundwork for the final work to be performed in EUWB. Figure 5Figure 5 highlights this relationship
Formatted: Condensed by 0.05 pt
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and points on the fact that with the time elapsing, the impact of the projects on the economic environment is increasing. This is reflected in the increased effort for standardisation activities and even for strong effort towards further enhancing the regulatory environment ensuring the applicability of UWB in the target application scenarios. While in the previous projects the focus was on basic principles and to close the gap to the U.S.A., which was leading the field, now it can be considered to move the focus on combining the basically understood UWB technology with advanced methods evolved developing other radio technologies and to streamline the work to fit the systems concepts into the major application environments. Therefore the consortium has been selected carefully to include the field leading partners and to increase the involvement of the application oriented research and development. The consortium is considered large and therefore the average man power pear year is about 50 assuming a total man power of about 1,800 person months for 3 years, which provided significant crucial mass to set up an efficient work structure described in the following. The detailed planned resource allocation for EUWB is shown in Section B1.3.7. The project team decided to apply for a three years time frame. This will ensure the verification platforms to be complemented sufficiently time before the end of the project to be able to run test and verification trials.
WP1: Project Management
WP4: UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking
WP7: Open UWB Technology Platforms
WP3: Multiple Antenna UWB Systems
WP6: UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks
WP5: UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation
WP2: Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence
WP9: Regulation and Standardisation
Figure 66: Work package structure of EUWB. From an administrative and technical point of view the work is basically organised into 9 work packages (WPs), sub-work packages called tasks and so called logical clusters. While the work packages reflect the administrative and technical global project structure the tasks are major parts within a work package dedicated to specific challenges and work on specific management, scientific or technological topics. So far this is a well known and proven structure to divide the wok in larger R&D projects such as Integrated Projects (IP). However evaluating the FP6 large IPs a major issue in many of them was the communication between work packages, because they where considered in some cases more or less isolated sub-projects. In EUWB this is not the case and in contrast there is a very strong interaction between the work packages required, as defined in the detailed task descriptions. To manage this complex interactions between tasks from different work packages an innovative logical cluster structure has been developed for this project. This new approach and its detailed structure is explained in more depth in Sections B2.1.1. It is a new key element for managing the complex relations between tasks from different work packages in a goal oriented manner. Concerning the work package structure with this section an overview and in the next one, Section B1.3.1.1, a detailed text description is provided. All administrative management tasks are concentrated into a single management work package (WP1) while the actual research and development is split into six innovation research and technology work packages (WP2WP7). One more work package is application and integration research oriented (WP8) and one dedicated work package is covering all regulation and standardisation activities. In Figure 6Figure 6 this structure is depicted, where the different patterns reflect the nature of the various work packages. For three of the key application scenarios the related innovative integration work is concentrated in WP8 as there where some common elements detected. In addition to that the WP6 contains also application and
WP8: 8a 8b 8c
UWB Application Environments UWB in Public Transport UWB in Automotive Environment UWB in Home Entertainment
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integration oriented research and development work for the fourth one, which is the heterogeneous access network scenario. WP7 is providing the advanced technology platforms for VHDR-LT and LDR-LT and will updated these platforms during the project considering the inputs from the project. As this could be hardly financed from the somewhat limited resources within such a project the partners WIS, TESUK and CEA have committed to provide major parts of the technology on their own costs, even if it will be open platforms to be used by all work packages and partners. WP9 is a dedicated work package on regulation and standardisation. Without describing the WP in detail a short motivation for that is given already in this general section. It is considered important to understand, that a dedicated work package is required. EUWB consortium commits to be highly active within the European and global standardisation process. Partners are already the driving forces through their individual involvement and due to their active participation within the PULSERS Phase II project. The standardisation processes have been started, with the IEEE 802.15.4a, in which many EUWB partners are participating, but also in ETSI TG31a and TG31c and ECMA 368 and 369, recently being transferred to become an ISO standard, basically driven by our project partners. In addition the IEEE P1900.4 was started recently, where one of the PULSERS partner is vice chair of the group as well. The focus of EUWB will be on coexistence and interoperability of various UWB systems. Those standardisation activities will ensure to be able to reflect the project results also in updated versions of the standards during the project. Figure 7 shows, what are the key elements in the project concerning standardisation and that they are originating from several different activities split across several work packages.
Figure 77: Logical structure of regulation and standardisation related activities across various WPs. In addition, the rapid evolution of UWB in the regulation bodies means that EUWB must be continuously active in this area as well. This is seen in close relation to the standardisation and is included in WP9 as well. Many of the EUWB partners are already highly active in European and American regulation and standardisation bodies. A number of potential use cases of UWB, as considered in the EUWB scenarios, are severely restricted in existing American and recently released European as well as Japanese regulations. The inputs of EUWB will be used to further drive an evolutionary development in the regulation to permit the full potential of UWB systems to be realised. This evolutionary process, being driven by inputs from EUWB, will necessarily span the full projects life time. The interconnections between work packages and the tasks can be seen in detail in Section B1.3.2, and the involvement of each partner is explained in Section B1.3.5. The highly interconnected nature of the work packages is a strength of EUWB. However, it also represents a significant risk. Results form one work package are relying on inputs from another, and many results are the combination of results from several work packages. This risk is mitigated in part by the nature of the logical cluster activities within the project. EUWB will focus on developing the extremes of the capabilities of UWB technology, developing Low Data Rate (LDR) and Very High Data Rate (VHDR) communication systems with and without Location and Tracking (LT) capabilities. The project will build on the work of previous projects and partners excellence to develop comprehensive system concepts and integrated application platforms for LDR-LT and VHDR-LT and LDRVHDR-LT, as well as pursuing advanced research topics in multiple antenna UWB systems, cognitive radio in
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UWB, multiband/multimode UWB operation and advanced location tracking implementations. Detailed work package descriptions are given in the Section B1.3.5. Identification of Significant Risks and Contingency Plans Within a project such as EUWB, where 22 partners work towards a set of common objectives, there exist internal temporal dependencies between tasks or work packages which may result in some unforeseen delays in the project, or require alternative solutions in case that a deliverable is not available at the planned point in time. Such situations may require re-planning of work. Potential operational risk can also occur during the decision-making process or because of appearing (during the project) different and/or changing interests between project partners. Furthermore, the amount and quality of the delivered results by a partner may not comply with the expectations of other partners relying on the results, or a partner may not adhere to his commitments. Other risks arise because of the relatively large number of partners. To minimise this kind of risk, the EUWB consortium partners clearly specify the organisation of the work between the partners, define an effective management structure for the project and define the rights and obligations of the partners. The latter is explicitly laid down in the Consortium agreement, which has been established already before the beginning of the project, and an updated version is planned for the project, if necessary. It will be set into force with commencement of the project. (likelihood LOW, impact LOW-MEDIUM). Coexistence with Incumbent Services One issue crucial for UWB-RT development and deployment is that of coexistence with other, existing, services, within whose spectral bands UWB radio devices might radiate. One particular source of concern is the reluctance of some network operators to allow third parties to use frequency bands for which they have spent huge licensing sums, either in beauty contests or through public auctions. Since EUWB aims to be an Integrated Project of a highly technical nature, its partners will make every effort to follow whatever UWB-related spectrum regulations apply at any particular time of the projects lifetime. Moreover, as a result of its research, EUWB will continue to make dedicated efforts to submit suitable contributions to the appropriate regulatory bodies (CEPT ECC TG3, EC RSC, ITU TG 1/8); these activities will support and enhance the diffusion of UWB radio products in harmony with incumbent telecommunication services. It is important to mention that some of the large industrial partners involved in EUWB are currently making part of their revenues from wireless components and products that use parts of the spectrum targeted for UWB. It is hence their interest to find the best compromise, and thus to allow coexistence of UWB with already existing systems. While the U.S.A. has adopted a legal status for the marketing and use of UWB radio devices, at the time of writing there is only one initial similar Europe-wide regulations covering the use of UWB, although efforts are underway within both CEPT and ETSI to accomplish updates on the basis of the three mandates of the EC, as discussed above. It is the stated intent of EUWB to continue to contribute actively in the preparation of future regulations in Europe and world-wide. To this end, relevant project partners have already submitted technical data and petitions to CEPT, ETSI, ITU and IEEE. A core group of partners in EUWB has made their awareness of this subject as well as their intentions and current actions clear to the European Commission (PP6 UWB/BAI/S&RM cluster activities). Management of Risks The various risks outlined above can be minimised as already indicated, and by following a contingency path. Operational Risks The responsible persons in the specific project area, i.e. work package, will identify deviations from the relevant deliverables and milestones and communicate these deviations to the relevant management functions established in the project (QM, PM). In addition, the members of the Project Co-ordination Committee (PCC), i.e. the Project Manager and its deputies, have the responsibility to monitor regularly the status of the project. In the case of undue impact on other project entities, alternative solutions or appropriate re-planning will be initiated. The implemented decision processes and close co-operation between relevant partners in the technical work areas reduces the risk for major differences. Basically, all decisions within the project are consensus driven, i.e. by the Project Assembly. Deadlocked situations are handled by the Management Board (MB). Disagreements on strategic issues arising from differing interests of some partners will be handled by the Project Assembly or the MB, following the rules in the Consortium agreement. Whenever the amount and quality of work, including potential delays, deadlines, and commitment of a partner, are inadequate, one of the PCC-members will alert the affected partners and WP-leaders, detail the problem, and describe the possible impact on the project. In case of
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failure to alleviate the problem, appropriate measures will be taken to mitigate any possible damage; in the worst case, a partner may be removed from the project and, whenever possible, its duties will be taken up by partners within the consortium (some level of overlap of expertise between partners will facilitate such unlikely situations). PCC and MB with hierarchical organisation will operate to facilitate delegation of control, structured synthesis processes and decision making in critical situations. Pre-emptive mitigation measures are also the splitting of work into well-separated work packages with clear objectives and required expertise, i.e. partners have been selected after careful verification of their expertise in their field of application (only skilled partners, not here-to-learn partners). The EUWB project is planned with strong interdependence between work packages Since EUWB includes key PULSERS partners, technical work relationships and practices are already well established between a large subset of EUWB partners. Coexistence with Incumbent Services As a result of its research, EUWB will make dedicated efforts to continue to submit suitable contributions to the appropriate regulatory bodies (in Europe currently CEPT WG FM47 and CEPT WG SE24). In parallel technical complementary activities are driven by EUWB project partners in ETSI ERM TGUWB. The focus there is on validating mitigation techniques to support the regulation process and technical implementation of regulatory measures. These activities will support and enhance the diffusion of UWB radio products in harmony with incumbent telecommunication services. Technical Risks Planned mitigating measures have been outlined already above. In addition, each work package will evaluate potential technologies and concepts. In this way, unrealistic solutions, e.g. in terms of feasibility, complexity or even the laws of physics, are identified early, and the most practical and economic solution can be selected. The impact of competing technical solutions is minimised following the path of consensus building, which is important when dealing with standardisation issues at the project level. To ensure an effective and successful course for the project, the management is focussing on information flow, reporting and evaluation of results. The central issue of the technical management is to assure high quality research and development, as well as an optimised dissemination of new results among the consortium members. Quality assurance issues are dealt with by the Project Co-ordination Committee (PCC) in a first level, and by the Management Board (MB) in a second stage. A high quality standard of information, reports and deliverables is essential for the project. Thus, quality objectives and quality assurance procedures have to be developed and applied. For that purpose, a Quality handbook (QHB) has been set up. The main objectives of this handbook are to achieve clients satisfaction, to increase the consortium internal efficiency, and to increase the quality of the project results. Three main types of clients can be identified: The European Commission in connection with the Contract; The potential end-users of (or people and companies interested in) EUWB results, including European research centres, and representatives of regulation authorities; EUWB partners relying on the work of previous stages inside the project performed by other partners.
The QHB will be maintained throughout the entire duration of the EUWB project. Therefore, progress and changes in the project will be documented in a sequence of versions. Particular risks related to the implementation of the work packages and to the contingency planning are described in the following paragraphs. Some potential risks relate to the proposed activity in terms of implementation issues, due to the potential complexity, memory requirements, real-time computation needs and power consumption, associated with the proposed Cognitive Radio solutions. In particular, with reference to the UWB HDR/LDR platforms available for the EUWB project, it is possible that only a subset of CR functions could be demonstrated a in practical way. For more complex networking scenarios, for example including the CPC channel usage, simulations maybe used instead to validate the concepts. A potential risk related to the proposed activity is the computational complexity of the proposed solutions. In particular, it is not guaranteed that the platforms available for the EUWB consortium have all the necessary capabilities to demonstrate the location and tracking algorithms, especially in terms of their behaviour in complex scenarios. In such cases, simulations maybe used instead to validate the concepts. Poor availability of off-the-shelf integrated up/down converters in 60 GHz range Currently there is a 60 GHz front-end IC under development within the TES Group. This IC shall be available from early 2010 and could possibly be used as a backup solution;
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Delayed delivery of the integrated multiband platform to the application work package (public transport) The standard HDR platform from Intel, Staccato Communications or Wisair can be used instead. This case would be indicated by an intermediate deliverable dedicated to the implementation of the multiband UWB platform.
The integration of UWB into heterogeneous access networks has a high dependency on the evolution of other access networks. For this reason, this WP covers a first approach of UWB integration into up-to-date access technologies, and so independent on the evolution of these networks. There is a second approach that will study the way of integrating UWB into future access networks and will promote the usage of UWB in seamless and converged heterogeneous networks. This approach will track the evolution and so there is no risk of not achieving any interoperability with UWB as that will be done in the first approach. Platform delivery delay due to chip and software development delay (WIS, STC and CEA) The WP has a stepwise approach in order to limit the risk of a non existing open platform to a minimum. The initial versions of the open platforms are mainly based on running developments (PULSERS Phase II and internal developments in STC, WIS and TESUK). An initial set of demonstration and integration work can already be performed using this initial platform at the very beginning of the project. The further versions of the platform will be compatible with the initial version. The developed software will be easily portable to the new version. The major risk for the home environment application scenario is that the LT and multiband technology platforms are not available in time for integration into application demonstration platform. As this technology is state-of-theart it could not be replaced in its functionality by any other device for this project. The counter measure is to ensure that the set of requirements are detailed enough so that the integration effort can be started with least complications and that an intermediary platform can be made available as early as possible for the integration work to start at early stages. For the automotive application scenario the main risk is related to the UWB technology availability as well, but in addition there is also a risk from the legal point of view: Extended technology platforms are not available in time to be integrated into application demonstrators; Specific regulatory and standardisation issues limit the application of UWB in the public transport and automotive environment (here an intermediate success was reached in the update of the EU regulation allowing the usage of UWB devices installed in road and rail vehicles under certain conditions, however this is not sufficient for all envisaged applications up to now and further work is ongoing in ETSI and CEPT). As for the home environment preliminary versions of the extended platform should be made available to WP8 in order to start the integration in time; Additional resources to support the work performed in WP9 should be made available to allow parallel work due to late arrival of the new technology platforms.
Appropriate countermeasures are as follows:
For the automotive environment, an additional technical risk is the in-car propagation channel. It may be found much worse than expected and effectively prohibits any meaningful data communication or location application with the current spectral power density limits allowed by the regulation. In this particular case a possible counter measure would be to start an initiative in ETSI TGUWB via WP9, which should address an extension of the current regulatory framework. In regulation and standardisation, the time necessary to obtain a harmonised standard may exceed the project duration. This is due to the fact that in front of a standardisation the regulation has to be roughly completed on CEPT level following the existing formal processes. For certain application aspects (e.g. automotive environment) it may be possible that required spectral power levels will not be accepted by CEPT. From the technical side, it may not be possible to enforce the required technical parameters necessary to ensure the proper performance of the applications. The update of regulations is a slow process. The time which is necessary for a regulatory decision (output independent) is typically >2.5 year if a new frequency mask or power levels are required for an application which are not already covered by an existing CEPT ECC decision or the EC regulation. To have a harmonised standard following the R&TTE directive publicised in the OJ of the European Commission a time frame between 1.5 to 4 years can be assumed. Even a successful regulation may be very limited in its scope and may prohibit application variations derived from the activities of WP8. Intense ongoing discussions with the
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regulatory bodies and political consultations with the European Commission will be necessary to assure progress and a successful result.
B1.3.1.1 Project Implementation

WP1 Project Management Concerning the project management in this section only a short summary is given, while the details of the project management structure and processes are explained in a dedicated Section B2.1. Immediately after project start the Project Manager (PM), which is defined by the Co-ordinator, will establish a management model based on a three-layer structure to steer and control the scientific and technological as well as the administrative progress in the project. It consist of Project Co-ordination Committee (PCC), Management Board (MB) and Project Assembly (PA). The PCC is formed by 3 persons, the Project Manager (PM), his deputy (DPM) and the Quality Manager (QM). The PCC is ensuring the day-to-day project office operation. It will be proposed by the PM and will be approved by the PA during the kick-off meeting. It represent the executive body steering and controlling the project. It is responsible for assuring a smooth collaboration within the consortium. It will handle all emerging problems and is able to call the MB and the PA to take decisions according to the Consortium agreement (CA). The deputy of the PM is explicitly responsible to manage the Ethical Issues in the project and is considered therefore at the same time to be the Ethical Issues Manager (EIM). For smooth the week-to-week running and scientific and technical management of the project, the MB will be set up, consisting of the leaders of the nine project work packages and a number of extra board members to be defined during the kick-off meeting. The PM will chair the MB. This concept has been proven to operate very efficient in previous large scale public funded research projects. The main task of the MB is to support the Project Coordination Committee (PCC) in scientific and technological matters, and furthermore provide support with respect to certain administrative tasks. It will meet bi-weekly in phone conferences and report to the PM the progress of work and risks encountered. Besides communication and reporting tasks the MB will review projects reports and deliverables, and decide on approving. Since the Project Manager and the Quality Manager are Work Package Leaders at the same time, and therefore members of the Management Board, a close collaboration and interaction between MB and PCC will be guaranteed. The workload of the project will be performed by all partners in different levels of collaboration according to the respective task. The work will be organised in work packages (WPs) according to the scientific and technical contents. The work package structure will also serve as the management structure for project execution. However, to strengthen the relations between tasks of different work packages a so called logical cluster structure has been developed in preparing this project. According to the application scenarios the project work flow contains significant interactions between the various work packages. These interactions are defined by the logical cluster structure in terms of timing and input/requirements and output/deliverable mapping of the various tasks involved. Iterative processes appear in some cases where a refinement of assumptions becomes necessary due to other tasks work results. Each work package will have one responsible technical leader, responsible for the timely and proper completion of the work packages deliverables. The co-ordination and management in WP1 is one of the integrating work packages and will ensure coherent work between the various scientific and technical tasks (mainly in WP2WP8), as well as smooth transitions between project Phases. The comprehensive management description provided in Section B2.1 is applicable here as well and does not need to be repeated at this place. The management strategy described in this section has been proven to be effective and will serve for the technical WPs of the EUWB project in a manner as to minimise project overhead and maximise information flow, and therefore maximise the efficiency of resource usage. Detailed descriptions of tasks, deliverables and milestones are provided in Sections B1.3.3, B1.3.4 and B1.3.5. WP2 Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence The work to be performed within the Work Package on Cognitive Radio (CR) and Coexistence can be classified according to three main categories: i) R&D, ii) Application and iii) Experimentation. Research and Development
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Cognitive Radio is a paradigm for wireless communication in which a network node changes its transmission or reception parameters to communicate efficiently without interfering with coexisting users. This alteration of parameters is based on the active monitoring of several factors in the external and internal radio environment, such as radio frequency spectrum, user behaviour and network state. The basic cognition cycle, as introduced by Mitola in 1999, is shown schematically in Figure 8Figure 8.
Figure 88: The cognition cycle (Mitola, 1999). In the context of the EUWB project, and in particular within WP.2, the research tasks will be aimed at enhancing the current UWB radio technology, by enabling Cognitive Radio functionalities, namely: Spectrum sensing and monitoring; Interferers identification and classification; Spectral sculpting and adaptation; Interference mitigation; Network co-operation/negotiation.
as illustrated schematically in Figure 9Figure 9, where the Cognition Engine is implementing the cognition cycle at the device level and governing the application of the co-operation/negotiation policies at the network level.
Network Node
CR-UWB Unit
Interferer Identification & Classification Cognitive Engine Spectrum Sensing & Monitoring Cooperation/ Negotiation Policy
Air Interface #1
CPC (Cognitive Pilot Channel)
Air Interface #2
Localization Unit
Heterogeneous Network
Air Interface #N
Interference Mitigation
Spectral Sculpting & Adaptation
Figure 99: Schematic representation of the basic Cognitive Radio. The spectrum sensing functions will perform a multi-dimensional (frequency, time, space, code) sensing and monitoring of the spectrum, during the initial set-up phase and normal operation of the network, respectively.
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Correspondingly, whenever applicable, identification and classification algorithms will classify the potential interferers according to the known existing wireless standards and systems, e.g. WiFi, possibly leveraging on shared databases. Moreover, the localisation capabilities offered by UWB devices and systems, can be exploited for deriving the spatial distribution of radio resource and interference for network optimisation purposes. In general, the latter task may be greatly simplified wherever the concept of Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC) 2, as a way to coordinate among heterogeneous networks to ensure coexistence, is supported. The research work will also address the development of novel interference mitigation and coexistence techniques including adaptive coding and modulation, spectrum-agile waveform generation, and smart beamforming techniques. Coexistence studies will be carried out regarding both intra-network interference, e.g. UWB-UWB, due to multi-access by UWB devices, either HDR (high data rate) or LDR (low data rate) ones, sharing the same bandwidth, and inter-network interference, in both directions, versus other wireless systems, e.g. WiMAX. Application This part of the work will explore the prospective role of the CR-UWB radio as central control unit, wherever multiple air interfaces are co-located, providing a shared spectrum sensing and control mechanisms. This activity will be conducted in close co-ordination with the relevant WPs, especially regarding the multimode/multibands aspects (WP5) and the operation within heterogeneous networks (WP6). Other activities, which will serve as an input to WP9 on Standardisation and Regulations, will investigate enhanced UWB-radio modes of operation, by showing that a smart UWB radio with cognitive capabilities may utilise extra spectrum resources without causing harmful interference to the rest of the network. Furthermore, the work will relate to the application scenarios defined within WP8, most notably consumer electronics, the automotive and public transport environments. Experimentation Within WP2, we envision the implementation of an experimental test-bed that uses existing UWB platforms to demonstrate some basic Cognitive Radio functions, namely spectrum sensing, spectrum adaptation, interference mitigation and DAA (detect-and-avoid) mechanisms. WP3 Multiple Antenna UWB Systems Within this work package, the following application oriented topics have been identified as inputs to the definition of system concepts and requirements: UWB in the public transport; UWB in the automotive environment; UWB in the home environment.
Based on this impact the different application scenarios, system concepts and MIMO-UWB practical requirements will be identified. Measurements of radio channels shall reflect the identified generic measurement scenarios and will be performed with the MIMO-UWB real-time sounder provided as an output from the previous PULSERS phases. Consequently, a succeeding part of this task is the research on and definition of a set of (time-variant) channel models describing the spatial and temporal behaviour and correlation in MIMO-UWB for the home environment, automotive environment and public transport scenarios. Aim of this first task is: The ultimate range extension obtainable with MIMO-UWB for the applications of interest; The role of channel state information on the MIMO-UWB capacity, including information on positions and angle of arrivals; The ultimate increase in interference rejection obtainable with MIMO-UWB in the multi-user scenario: this includes analysing spatial separation/beamforming techniques for directional interference suppression; the interference considered will be both wideband and narrowband.
As a next step a MIMO-UWB test-bed for research and evaluation of algorithms will be set up to provide an important tool for access to the real MIMO-UWB channel and verification of model-based algorithms and specific system design. An initial 24 MIMO-UWB test-bed will be based on the following measurement equipment: 2-channel arbitrary waveform generators (Tektronix AWG7102) with an analog signal bandwidth of 5.8 GHz;
Please note that the concept of CPC will be co-ordinated with other relevant EU initiatives (e.g. E2R project) and international standardisation bodies (e.g. IEEE P.1900/SCC41).
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4-channel digital storage oscilloscope (Tektronix DPO71604) with an analog bandwidth of 16 GHz and a sampling rate of 50 GS/s per channel; and On specialised RF hardware and UWB antennas.
For low end devices, reconfigurable antennas of smaller size and reduced directivity capabilities embedding the antenna control elements are intended to be developed as well. No RF active devices (such as amplifiers and mixers) are included in this case, and the antennas design is limited to architectures and performance expectations through simulations. The required inputs are mainly a Technology design kit (available at CEA Lti) and directional channel characterisations (expected to be available through PULSERS Phase II, EUWB partners or other sources). An evolution of this test-bed towards 44 MIMO UWB will be considered by adding a further Arbitrary Waveform Generator. The major benefit of the evolved test-bed is the division into a smaller configuration (224) and therefore allows the study of real multi-user MIMO-UWB scenarios and interference suppression. The knowledge acquired through the evolved test-bed will be further used in Task 3.4 in order to verify certain MIMO-UWB features. The test-bed itself can be later used as reference for other feature verification and/or crosschecking with other platform-based activities within EUWB. Another major task in this work package is the development of application-aware MIMO-UWB algorithm and system design in order to exploit the potential features offered by combining UWB and the multi antenna technology to e.g. home environment applications within residential environments. Aim is to develop solutions in accordance with current standards and specifications, and to study the theoretical and practical limits. Special focus will be paid on antenna (group) selection/combining schemes, beamforming and space time and space frequency coding techniques. Another objective will be to allow and enhance the simultaneous and efficient operation of multiple UWB devices in a close area such as a room, office, etc. Interference mitigation methods and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) are quite promising here. Again, the aim is to develop solutions in accordance with current standards and specifications, and to study the theoretical and practical limits. The solutions developed within the application-aware system design will point out certain implementation challenges. The objective of the final task of WP3 is to solve these challenges and to go further steps towards implementation based on DSPs, FPGAs or innovative array processors. Prototyping with hardware verification is an important part of the research work towards consolidated products. This is mainly due to the fact that theoretical or simulation results cannot completely verify specific real-world phenomena. The task is thus devoted to activities in which selected features of MIMO-UWB concepts are examined on implementation level. The main anticipated focus will be on physical layer aspects and target high data rate applications keeping in mind the real-time limitations of available hardware components. The required inputs from other tasks of the WP include the specification of high level requirements, algorithms and desired features which are to be verified. The implementation consists of several stages including digital baseband development, analog front-end development, interfacing design and finally the device integration. An evaluation of the impact of HW effects will take place in parallel in order to consider possible system design trade-offs and practical performance limits. WP4 UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking The usage of localisation and tracking information in wireless networks is considered to be one of the key words to enhance communication systems. Amongst emerging technologies, UWB is the most promising candidate to provide reliable and accurate distance information together with robustness and permeability to existence systems. This WP aims to develop advanced/flexible algorithms to localise and track devices in large scale/harsh environment networks and to investigate innovative communication systems that use location-awareness. The work is organised along three main paths that will concern R&D, theoretical limits and validation of algorithms and finally, integration and evaluation. These studies will explore and provide an exhaustive vision of the potential systems that incorporate location information. The three innovative areas will result from the following studies: Research and development
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T4.1:
T4.2:
T4.5:
Development of novel localisation and tracking solutions, e.g. soft solution for mixed static/ dynamic scenarios, algorithms incorporating data fusion (heterogeneous networks), and passive localisation applied to UWB. Acquisition and dissemination of the information, applied to MIMO relaying networks, investigation of smart distributed virtual antenna systems and routing relaying under location awareness. Study of systems based on location awareness to predict mobility in heterogeneous networks, interference mitigation, congestion control and handover.
Theoretical limits and validation of algorithms T4.4: Impact that the localisation information has on communication systems. This means to investigate the theoretical performance, e.g. CRLB, complexity, mobility, for different localisation/tracking solutions, and the possible enhancements in channel capacity for systems with location awareness. Integration and evaluation T4.3: Implementation of the location and tracking algorithms on the platforms. This work will allow the integration onto the UWB platforms of the LT engines developed, and represents a necessary step to allow the evaluation of the performance for the algorithms under real scenarios.
The final scope of this WP is to provide knowledge and methods to implement a system with localisation and tracking capabilities. In particular, the output of the R&D path will allow the deign of LT algorithms as well as Location-Aware based systems, while the integration and evaluation path will allow an analysis of the performance in real platforms. Finally, the overall work will be validated by comparison with theoretical limits to be derived. The research developed within this group will serve to create synergies with other WPs, specifically with WP2, WP6, WP7 and WP8, but not only. Knowledge of the location allows the study of new enhanced solutions for: WP2: interference mitigation and coexistence strategies. A vision of the spatial distribution of the interference level can be inferred by exploiting the knowledge of nodes locations. As consequence, strategies to mitigate the interference effects can be applied allowing the coexistence of multiple communications. WP6: mobility management. Within heterogeneous networks, the presence of mobile terminals equipped with different technologies will allow the users to exploit multiple connectivities increasing the difficulty in roaming the services. Usage of location information, in particular the mobiles trajectories prediction, will allow a more efficient mobility management and a better QoS. WP7: LT capabilities on the platforms and ranging feasibility in HDR UWB systems. In the future, when mobile terminals will be able to provide HDR and/or LDR UWB connectivity, the feasibility of LT techniques will be a common requirement. Such a feasibility will be investigated and eventually shown through the studies provided in WP4. WP8: LT-based applications in home environment, public transport (automotive). The usage of LT algorithms will be one of the main targets to be shown in the final demonstration.
WP5 UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation The major R&D efforts in WP5 will be addressed in two streams: 1. Bluetooth path multimode issues; 2. UWB WiMedia and 60 GHz multimode issues. Bluetooth R&D Aspects and Approaches Existing protocol stacks have software multiplexing components for multiplexing control and data over a single radio, e.g. L2CAP in the Bluetooth stack and the convergence architecture in the WiMedia UWB stack. In this task we want to investigate how to multiplex data over multiple radio platforms based on the QoS and throughput requirements. This requires the following investigations: Identification of use case scenarios for multiband/multimode operations; Mapping of QoS requirements to different physical layers; MAC interaction strategies/common MAC; PAL architectures and capabilities;
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Balancing data throughput over multiple physical connections.
Some open issues specific to Bluetooth v3.0 are: What are the best layers of the stack for a PAL to interface? The convergence architecture or the WiNet PAL in the UWB stack? GAP or L2CAP in the Bluetooth stack? What are the performance and architectural benefits/trade-off of the different potential interfacing levels? Protocols such as Bluetooth have existing profiles, e.g. hands-free (HFP) or object exchange (OPP). How can such profile specifications and the interoperability effort invested in them by the BT SIG members be re-used, while making use of additional throughput provided by UWB? UWB enabled WPAN networks must not jeopardise the end user Bluetooth experience, particularly the perceived ease of use and issues such as enquiry, service discovery, pairing and interoperability.
Higher Layer Profiles and Applications
WPAN PAL
Bluetooth Upper Stack
UWB HDR STACK
UWB VHDR STACK
Bluetooth HCI
MAC/MLME
T.B.D
Bluetooth Lower Stack
WiMedia Compiant MAC
VHDR (T.B.D) MAC

(future WiMedia specification?)
Figure 1010: Multiband/multimode protocol stack. 10 GHz UWB and 60 GHz UWB Aspects and Approach The general basic approach to be investigated in this field is roughly presented in Figure 11. The potential system to be investigated shows state-of-the-art as standard WiMedia system in combination with additional functional blocks. The new up down converters with power amplifiers and low noise amplifiers are presented as separate functional blocks. And they are attached by the switch to today WiMedia system. It is clear that the new system needs to have a defined strategy by what occasion (requirement, channel condition, traffic, application and similar) the system decided to switch to 60 GHz operation. It may also observed that generally two basic sub-modes needs to be addressed. One mode would mean additional adaptation on PAL blocks (protocol adaptation layers), MAC and control function and will not change the existing BB and RF WiMedia blocks by switching to 60 GHz band. The motivation for this may be related to the fact that specific application would need more communication distance in specific and dedicated direction in the room (extended range) by remaining the same throughput, or the fact that the frequency channels in UWB bands 310 GHz are not available) or over crowded. The second approach addressed is that fact that due to the applications scenarios much more throughput is needed, compared to the available capabilities of the WiMedia Systems. In that case the changes and adaptations needs to be done on PAL, MAC, BB and RF parts of the chain. PAL needs to provide handling up to 8 times larger data rates for file transfer profiles (10 Gbit/s for example) as well as MAC. Baseband processing needs to provide potential functions for channel bundling of the WiMedia channels, increasing the modulation depth of the OFDM carriers, new additional synchronisation strategies, and also potential reduction of the OFDM carriers in order to address the phase noise demands and linearity issues of the 60 GHz up and down conversion block. The RF chain needs to cope with multiplied WiMedia channels, 2 or 4 of them.
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What needs to be investigated is: To define new extension of requirements for applications scenarios; To explore different switching strategies related to the scenario extensions, channel behaviours on specific frequencies, as well as measures and their implementation consequences, required to be addressed by control functionalities and MAC. This will lead to requirements specifications to basic WiMedia blocks to be extended for state-of-the-art solution; To explore architecture changes to the basic WiMedia blocks according to switching strategies and basic scenario requirements for both light mode same throughput more range and high end mode more throughput and for all relevant blocks: PAL, MAC, BB and RF. System simulations, and simulation of the related functional blocks by implementing new architectures with extended complexity will be performed, and finally the system concepts and definition and new specifications for all blocks needs to be performed; To disseminate achievements to the related standardisation and regulation bodies; To verify the proposed solutions by verification platform being able to investigate and test them by having WiMedia UWB radio transmission over 60 GHz, whereby the specification of the verification platform, implementation, integration and test needs to be followed as necessary R&D steps for this task. The attachment with real application needs to be considered, by to be realised interfaces. Test over application is also planned.
Figure 1111: UWB Multiband platform: 10 GHz and 60 GHz UWB operation.
Figure 1212: Proposal for UWB multiband channel distribution.

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WP6 UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks Bearing in mind the state-of-the-art analysis, there are two general approaches for integrating UWB in heterogeneous networks. The first approach includes the first commercial UWB devices ready at the beginning of the project and the target would be their integration with the up-to-date network technologies (HSPA, WiMAX, ADSL2+). The second approach will be focused on the inclusion of the advanced UWB in future wireless networks. Both approaches will address the UWB integration in users devices (especially for the HSPA scenario) and in access network equipment (that is necessary in the second scenario). Additionally, the evolution of network heterogeneity has to be complemented by novel services making profit of UWB location features and coexistence of UWB with future wireless network.
Figure 1313: UWB integration with up-to-date heterogeneous access network scenario. In the first approach one of the scenarios for the UWB integration in the heterogeneous networks can be illustrated in Figure 13Figure 13. In Position A the user is at home and accesses to the Internet by means of a UWB link that connects with an xDSL Access Point. Later when the user is outside and wants to connect again to the Internet, s/he uses the same device, but this time by means of a HSPA link because both wireless technologies are integrated in a dual device. Finally, the user is in a commercial centre and the UWB network is aware of the location of the user. This information can be used for improving the access and roaming between the UWB beacons/access points, but also for sending relevant advertisements depending on the users location. Additionally, UWB integration has to be accompanied by the guarantee of no interfering in other wireless technologies. Another simpler scenario that could be demonstrated in the first approach would be to connect an UWB gateway in the home with a WiMAX network for backhaul access. This second scenario is illustrated in Figure 14Figure 14 and it may also include LDR sensor networks in the home (light, infra red, ) in addition to the HDR data/multimedia networks. In that case, the HDR and LDR co-ordinators would be in the same home advanced gateway.
Formatted: Font: Condensed by 0.05 pt
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Figure 1414: UWB gateway using WiMAX access in a residential environment. The second approach will study the UWB integration in a future scenario of heterogeneous network access (see Figure 15Figure 15). Whereas in the above scenario the stress was put on achieving UWB integration with deployed networks, the focus in this second step is to analyse and propose UWB for being part of future access to converged network. Thus the first approach covers mainly the implementation activities whereas the second approach will focus on the study of capabilities of using UWB in picocells, the specification of usage of location awareness in service platforms and the evaluation of UWB coexistence with future wireless networks.
Figure 1515: UWB in long-term heterogeneous access network scenario. The planning of WP6 takes into account both approaches (up-to-date integration and future research) in each of the fields identified (users devices, access network equipment, location awareness services and coexistence. WP7 Open UWB Technology Platforms The planned open platforms in EUWB should be based on a commercial or close to a commercial chips set for the ECMA 368/369 standard and on chip prototypes for the IEEE 802.15.4a standard at least for the physical layer, the latest being less mature from an industrial and commercial point of view. Both systems should be compliant with the standard and should fulfil the European and world-wide regulatory requirements in the final version. The development plan will include different steps of deliverables in to the EUWB project in order to reflect the evolution of the UWB developments.
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In Figure 16 the usage model of the open technology platforms in the different application and research demonstrations of the EUWB project are depicted. The platforms should be seen as the universal open platforms for all application demonstrations in the EUWB project. In addition, the platforms should support as much as possible the research demonstrations planned in the run of the project by including their requirements into the development of updated versions of the open technology platforms.
Figure 1616: Open Technology Platforms deployment in the EUWB project.
To internal customers (clusters, work packages)
Applications (UDE)
Network, Transport Layers (THA, UDE)
TESUK
MAC
Intel, UDE
MAC
e.g. STC
MAC
WIS
PHY
e.g. Intel
PHY
e.g. STC
PHY
integration by WIS, TESUK WIS-TESUK Platform
integration by UDE Commercial Platform 1
integration by e.g. STC Commercial Platform 2
Figure 1717: Open Platform concept, (V)HDR hardware. The initial versions of the two open technology platforms will be based on existing development with slight adaptations to the initial needs of the application demonstrations. The LDR-LT platform will use the PULSERS Phase II developments in the field. The (V)HDR platform, see Figure 17Figure 17, will consist of: A partially evolved integration, setting out from the developments within TESUK (MAC layer) and WIS (PHY layer), termed WISTESUK Platform;
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The adaptation of a Commercial Platform 1, provided by e.g. Intel and being adapted and integrated by UDE; and The adaptation of a Commercial Platform 2, provided by e.g. STC.
This strategy can minimise the risk for the application demonstrations by providing an early access to a first version of the platforms in order to start integration work already at the earliest possible stage. Additional versions of the open platforms will be based on the first version including the consolidated requirements from the application and research demonstrators. Both open technology platforms will use a modular approach with a split between the PHY layer (including RF + Base Band), the MAC layer and higher layer including protocol adaptation layers (PAL). Figure 17Figure 17 depicts the modular concepts used in the (V)HDR open technology platform. The PHY is integrated on a daughter board and connected via an Interface board to the MAC and higher layer platform board. The interfaces to the application and the research demonstrations will initially be provided via the MAC and higher layer platform board by an API. In further enhanced and redesigned versions of the open platforms more direct access to the lower layer MAC and the PHY will be provided. Figure 18Figure 18 shows the PULSERS Phase II UWB LDR platform at the time of preparing EUWB. This step is the proof of concept of the 1-bit digital approach for the receiver in which the RF front end main component, though not optimised, is based on CMOS technology. It is also an open platform for the integration of the baseband, the MAC, the networking layers and the application support interface thanks to its FPGA with embedded PowerPC processor.
Figure 1818: Existing UWB LDR-LT hardware platform (from PULSERS Phase II). The next step is to change the RF chipset and provide a further improved form factor with embedded sensors and actuators as a final PULSERS Phase II demonstrator and initial EUWB open platform, cf. Figure 19Figure 19. The implementation plan in EUWB implies at least a new upgrade of the RF chipset and co-designed antennas, of the baseband and the MAC towards IEEE compliance. In parallel, requirements from the application WPs and innovation WPs will be taken into account as well during evolution of the platform. In order to simplify the final integration of all open technology platforms into the application and research demonstrators it is planned to use common higher layer and applications functionality. The use of a common integration platform could simplify the over all integration process tremendously.
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B - F o r 5x4 x5 BR b ad2 5 ( v ric llyp c d if et a la e ) B - F o r 0x4 x5 BR b ad3 5 ( h r o t llyp c d if oiz na la e )
3 p sMC BR 0 in A - - F B c n et r o n co
A t n mu W uo o o sU B s n o o ep t om e s rn d l f r a ( 05 * 5m 3 8 * 03 m )
F G,R M t P A A ec ( id e ) h dn Bt ey5 x4 x1 at r 0 5 4 MC o r 5x4 x5 A b ad4 5 A P o r 5x4 x5 P b ad4 5 Ta s ae t r npr n pc a i g akg n Sn o es r ( . .P ) eg I R
Bs b ad ae o r
4 p sMC a e 0 in A - s B c n et r o n co
I F oh r o r / mt eb ad a d at r h r e n b t eyc ag r
Figure 1919: Illustration of the UWB LDR-LT first open platform at EUWB start (from PULSERS Phase II). WP8 UWB Application Environments In WP8 three main application environments with a major impact on the European economy will be addressed: public transport, automobile and home environment. In the public transport environment, two main fields of application have been identified. The first address the scenarios which provide a wireless network infrastructure for passenger communications inside the transport compartment. The possibility to provide high aggregated data rate, using the short range capability of UWB technology and by dividing the compartment in cells will be demonstrated. The possibility to provide an improved reliability and QoS by using the multimode/multiband architectures will be analysed based on the methods investigated in WP5 and on the enhanced platform developed in WP5 and based on the open UWB/HDR platform developed in WP7b. Figure 20Figure 20 shows the wireless coverage of an aircraft cabin dividing it in several cells. This enables the possibility to reuse more times the same channels/frequencies and thus increase the total aggregate traffic that can be made available in the cabin.
Figure 2020: UWB in an aeroplane scenario. The second field of application concentrate on communication between devices installed in the machine (sensors for machine health and usage monitoring, lights, switches, ticketing machine, monitoring cameras, etc.). The main intention in this case is to eliminate cables required for communications and thus reduce weight and installation effort and at the same time reduce the maintenance cost providing new possibility to monitor the health conditions of the different components.
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Figure 2121: Cabling in an aeroplane. Figure 21Figure 21 shows the complexity of the cables inside an aircraft cabin. The reduction of this complexity would increase the flexibility of the cabin configuration and reduce the fuel consumption. For this second field of application the UWB-LDR technology seems to be the most appropriated also because of the low power consumption and the longer range of operation. A very important feature provided by this technology is the localisation capabilities. Based on the technology provided by WP7a and on the output of WP4, new algorithms and techniques for advanced localisation in harsh environment and new concepts for radio resource management and mobility support with will be evaluated. The possibility to perform ranging, localisation and tracking using the UWB/HDR platform based on the ECMA 368 standard from WP7b will be analysed and this functionality implemented and demonstrated. The localisation capability is not the only characteristic required when using the wireless networks to collect data from wireless sensors. In this case a very precise synchronisation is also very important. In WP8 new techniques for high precision synchronisation in large mesh networks will be investigated implemented and demonstrated. The issues related to the coexistence of system based on UWB/HDR technology with them based on UWB/LDR will analysed and countermeasures will be developed, implement and demonstrated. All functionalities described here will be finally implemented in a common demonstrator and integrated aboard a mock-up of an aircraft cabin to test and verify their performance in a real application environment. WP8 will also support with tests, measurements and technical contributions the work performed in WP9 concerning regulation and standardisation. In particular the activities related to the use of UWB technologies for applications in the public transport will be supported. In the automotive environment, two application scenarios are evaluated. Figure 22Figure 22 shows a typical scenario for wireless communication between a sensor and its electronic control unit (ECU). Based on the output from WP7, a hardware demonstrator will be built and integrated into a series car. As prerequisites, antennas adapted to the automotive environment will be developed in this work package. To allow connecting a standard ECU and sensor to the UWB data transmission component, a LIN/CAN-towireless interface will be developed and integrated.
Figure 2222: Wireless data communication from sensor to ECU.

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In Figure 23Figure 23 the typical set-up for location tracking is shown, where a special tag is located inside the car chassis, typically placed in the passenger cabin. In this example, the tag is located using four receiver nodes, calculating the tag location using time of flight or angle of arrival, measured at each receiver node. The location tracking hardware is based on the output of WP7, whereas antennas and application software will be developed in this WP.
Figure 2323: Location tracking of a tag inside the car. Following the integration of the demonstrators, a performance evaluation will take place. The result will be the base for the further development of a future series product. As foundation for the system design of the demonstrator units, a theoretical evaluation of the UWB system and the propagation channel are necessary. A system simulation environment for the UWB system will be implemented, based on already existing components. Using numerical simulations with full wave and ray tracing tools, the in-car propagation channel will be described. To confirm the theoretical results, a measurement campaign will be performed. Within the home environment the application scenarios will consider the combined HDR UWB and VHDR 60 GHz multiband systems developed in WP5 for wireless audio/video entertainment systems. The current video over wireless concept uses the UWB spectrum for the transmission of visually lossless compressed video over short ranges. As a next step, using the high bandwidth available at 60 GHz, the very demanding throughput requirements of HD video streaming can be met for in-room scenarios otherwise difficult to achieve in the lower frequency UWB. The challenges facing such applications are the coverage range and robustness of the system to the changes in the propagation environment such as shadowing as well as the relative positioning of the units. Other issues such as latency introduced by the system causing lip-synch problems also need to be addressed. The second application is the use of UWB localisation and tracking capabilities developed in WP4 for smart inroom surround sound applications. For this, the Home Theatre System (HTS) need to locate the position of the speaker boxes in the room using the developed active tracking technique, position the user within the room (ideally in a passive sense) and using these information to apply an advanced audio tuning algorithm that optimises the hearing experience sensed by the user. Furthermore, the developed audio tuning algorithm can use the information received from the speaker boxes (as well as possibly a microphone attached to the user) to extract further information about the environment for better tuning of the audio content. Issues such as synchronisation, accuracy of location and tracking algorithms and performance of the audio tuning algorithms need to be addressed and evaluated in real conditions. For both cases a detailed description of the application scenarios will be provided. Additionally, system requirements will be defined related to the appropriate work packages (WP4 and WP5) outlining the performance parameters, interface formats required for the integration into the application platform. The next phase of the work will involve in developing an application platform that can be integrated to the one developed within the WP7 activity, integration work and validation of the concepts developed. The final phase of the work will involve demonstration of the concept for the application scenario described previously. WP9 Regulation and Standardisation Based on the input from WP8, system reference documents for each applications will be written. Advancing from this, an impact analysis on existing radio services will be performed.
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An ETSI standard for each specific application will be drafted and actively supported in the relevant ETSI, CEPT and ITU regulatory bodies. Figure 24Figure 24 and Figure 25Figure 25 give an overview of the complex structure of the regulatory process interactions between the involved bodies. Based on the impact analysis and incorporating feedback from regulation, mitigation techniques to assure peaceful coexistence between UWB technology and traditional radio services for all applications considered in WP8 will be evaluated. To ensure globally harmonised standards and regulations, contact and co-ordination with international regulatory bodies and other interest groups will be an additional part of this work package.
Figure 2424: Regulatory bodies inside Europe.
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Figure 2525: European standardisation process.

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B1.3.1.2 Project Monitoring and Goal Oriented Management

Project monitoring is implemented in a twofold manner, first there is the regular MB process with bi-weekly reporting and resource and expenditure as well as progress and dissemination report. Second, there is a direct interaction of the various tasks applying the logical cluster structure explained in Section B1.3.1.1B1.3.1.1. The cluster structure allows the very intensive quality insurance, because the recipient of the deliverable will check together with the Quality Manager the deliverable contents and quality in terms of usefulness to be applied as sufficient input for the actual task. In the following section the four basic application oriented cluster structures are explained in more detail highlighting the dependencies and quality check relations. In addition to the cluster structure, the project management will perform the project monitoring based on the Annex I of the EC contract and the periodic management reports to be provided by the individual partners every 3 months in addition to the WPL reports, which are provided bi-weekly. The monitoring comprises supervision of technical progress and dissemination as well as management of finances and resources. Deviations from the planning will be identified and counter actions will be initialised, if considered necessary by the Management Board or the Project Assembly in case of significant changes. However, the cluster structure is the main innovative element in the project monitoring to ensure a goal oriented work coherently throughout all the tasks involved towards the realisation of the final application scenarios. EUWB Heterogeneous Network Cluster Objective of this cluster is to develop a comprehensive research and development activities on the area of heterogeneous networks with the presence of UWB sub-networks. The research studies are carried out in the tasks allocated in several WPs. The presence of intra-cluster documents and internal milestones allow the co-ordination of the activities and the success of the work. Two main scenarios are envisaged to be considered. The first one concerns the usage UWB technology on the user terminals and at the access network equipment, while the second scenario will introduce a futuristic concept of heterogeneous access networks where picocells of UWB devices are deployed. Such scenarios will be shown in a simplified version at the end of the project where few demonstrations will be deployed. The cluster implementation work will serve the development of: Multi-radio users terminal (UWB/WiMAX-HSPA); Multi-radio access network equipments (UWB/WiMAX-HSPA); Concepts for futuristic wireless picocell networks; Location based services.
A detailed description for the proposed targets and the inter-work packages relationships is given below. Multi-radio Users Terminal/Access Network Equipment This cluster task aims to develop multiple radio terminals and equipment. It is foreseen to have two versions of devices. The first one is based on Wisairs UWB solution (T6.1.1, T6.2.1), developed in PULSERS Phase II, while the second will be the open platform developed in WP7 (T6.1.2, T6.2.1). The definition of these multi-radio platforms will require studies on the coexistence due to different technologies embedded on the same device and HW/HW implementation and integration.
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Objective Application scenario and requirements
Type OUTPUT
From WPs/Tasks WP6: T6.1, T6.2
To WPs/Tasks
Document
Date M04 M04 M12 M12 M06/M18 M12 M24 M12 M18 M15 M24 M24 M24 M37 M37 M37 M37
Platform specification
INPUT
Specification of UWB platform integration
OUTPUT
(V)HDR open platform First family of integrated UWB platforms Validation and test Demonstration
INPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT
WP6: T6.1 T6.2 WP2: T2.4, T2.5, T2.6 D6.1.1 WP7: T7.1 D2.4.1 PULSERS Phase II D2.5.1 WP7: T7.1.2 WP6: T6.1, T6.2 D2.6.1 WP2: T2.4, T2.5, T2.6 D7.1.21a/b IR6.1.2 WP6: T6.1, T6.2 IR6.1.3 WP6: T6.1, T6.2 WP2: T2.4, T2.5, T2.6 IR6.2.1 WP7: T7.1.2 D6.2.2 IR6.2.4 WP7: T7.4.2 WP6: T6.1, T6.2 D7.4.2b D6.1.2 WP6: T6.1, T6.2 D6.2.1 D6.1.3 WP6: T6.1, T6.2 D6.2.3 D6.1.4 WP6: T6.1, T6.2 D6.2.3
Table 44: Heterogeneous Network Cluster to multi-radio users terminal/access network equipment. Location Based Services This cluster task investigates the usage of location information provided by UWB to upgrade services like product placement or Internet access. The usage of location information in service platforms will enable location aware services. Additionally, this information will be used to study and develop of improvements in roaming and access point mapping when multiple UWB access point are present. Objective Type From WPs/Tasks WP6: T6.1 WP7: T7.1.1 WP6: T6.3 WP4: T4.5 WP7: T7.4.1 WP4: T4.5 WP6: T6.3 WP6: T6.3 To WPs/Tasks WP4: T4.5 WP7: T7.1.1 WP6: T6.3 WP4: T4.5 WP7: T7.1.1 WP6: T6.3 WP6: T6.3 WP6: T6.3 Document D6.1.1 IR7.1.1 D7.1.1a/b D6.3.1 D4.5.2a D7.4.1b D4.5.2b D6.3.2 D6.3.3 Date M04 M03 M06/M18 M18 M24 M24 M40 M40 M40
Scenario and requirements OUTPUT Platform specification Specification of location service platforms Algorithm for mobility management LDR-LT open platform Enhanced algorithms for mobility management Applications and services Demonstration INPUT OUTPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT
Table 55: Heterogeneous Network Cluster to location based services.
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Overall Heterogeneous Network Cluster Tasks Dependencies The overall cluster work flow is depicted in Figure 26Figure 26.
Open UWB Technology Platforms (V)HDR Platform
T7.2.2: (V)HDR Platform Development and Implement. (HW) T7.3.2: (V)HDR Platform Development and Implement. (SW)
Application WP6: UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks

T7.4.2: Transfer and Support of (V)HDR Platform
T7.1.2: (V)HDR Platform Requirements and Specification
Multi-radio Terminal / Access Network

T6.1: UWB in Multi-radio Interface User Devices T6.2: UWB in Access Network Equipment
T2.1: Spectrum Sensing and Monitoring
T2.4: Coexistence and Mitigation of Interference
T2.5: Networking Co-operation and Negotiation
Location Based Services

T2.6: Concepts for Cognitive Signalling
Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence
D6.3.2: Concept applications to exploit location awareness

T7.2.1: LDR-LT Platform Development and Implement. (HW) T7.1.1: LDR-LT Platform Requirements and Specification T7.3.1: LDR-LT Platform Development and Implement. (SW)
Regulation and Standardisation
T9.2 + T9.3: Regulatory + Standardisation Activities
T7.4.1: Transfer and Support of LDR-LT Platform
D6.1.1: Definition of Application Scenarios and Requirements D6.3.1: Requirements and Specification of Services Based on Location Awareness
Open UWB Technology Platforms LDR-LT Platform

T4.1: Development of Advanced LT Algorithms T4.2: Data Acquisition and Dissem. for/ using Location Information T4.3: Implementation and Evaluation of Algorithms
UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking
T4.4 + T4.5: Impact on Systems + Study of New System Concepts
Figure 2626: Cluster flow in the EUWB Heterogeneous Network Cluster. EUWB Home Environment Cluster The application work package Home Environment addresses two scenarios: Wireless video interface employing a VHDR platform; User localisation in home theatre systems (HTS). This cluster contains all task and sub-tasks from several technology and research work packages that are related to these scenarios. They are figured out in Figure 27. The application work package initially defines the scenario and declares high level requirements on the UWB platforms to be developed. The outcome of these two tasks is a deliverable which will be provided to the technology and research work packages as input. The process follows then the work package internal work flow where frequent interactions in terms if internal report or official deliverable exchanges between the different work packages allow a consistent design flow until the platform implementations. The outcome, the VHDR multiband platform on the one hand and the LDR-LT platform on the other, will then be transferred back to the application level and integrated to the wireless video eco system and the home theatre system for demonstration, respectively. Note that not all tasks reach the demonstrator implementation level, but some provide concepts and specification for future highly sophisticated product developments.
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T7.1.2: (V)HDR Platform Requirements and Specification T7.2.2: (V)HDR Platform Developmt. and Implement. (HW) T7.3.2: (V)HDR Platform Developmt. and Implement. (SW) T7.4.2: Transfer and Support of (V)HDR Platform
Application WP8c: UWB in Home Environment
Wireless HDMI
VHDR / 60 GHz platform
T5.1: Definition of Application and System Requirements T5.3.1: Specification of Verification Platform T5.3.2 Implement. of Enhancements for WiMedia Platform T5.3.3: Implantation of 60 GHz Frontend Verification Block T3.3.2: Link Quality Enhancements and Range Extension for VHDR T3.3.3 Multi-user Enhancements for VHDR
T8c.1.3: Development of the Demonstrator and Integration

T5.3.4: Integration and Test of Joint Verification Platform
User Localisation in HTS

T8c.2.3: Developmt. of Audio Tuning Algorithms for Smart Wireless Audio Streaming T8c.2.4: Development of the Demonstrator and Integration
T5.2: Specification and Development of Multimode/Multiband Architecture
Multiple Antenna UWB Systems

T3.1: System Concepts and Requirements for Scenarios
T7.1.1: Requirem. and Specification for LDR-LT Platform
T7.2.1: Developm. and Implementation for LDR-LT Platform (HW) T7.3.1: Developm. and Implementation for LDR-LT Platform (SW)
T7.4.1: Transfer and Support of LDR-LT Platform
T2.1.1: Specifications and Requirem. for Spectrum Sensing T2.4: Coexistence and Mitigation of Interference T2.5: Networking Co-operation and Negotiation
T8c.1.1 + T8c2.1: Definition of Application Scenarios T8c.1.2 + T8c2.2: Definition of Requirements

T4.1: Development of Advanced LT Algorithms T4.2: Data Acquisition and Dissem. for/ using Location Information T4.3: Implementation and Evaluation of Algorithms
T2.6.1: Cognitive Pilot Channel
Figure 2727: Cluster flow in the EUWB Home Environment Cluster. EUWB Public Transport Cluster Aim of this application cluster is to define and ensure the correct exchange of information between the tasks from different work packages which address topics, functionalities and technologies related to the public transport application. First updated application scenarios are defined (T8a.1 M02). Based on the interaction between T7.1.1x, T7.1.2x, and T8a.2 and the related tasks in WP2, WP4 and WP5 the scenario definition is finalised (T8a.1 M04), and the system requirements are defined (platform requirements T7.1.2x and system requirements T8a.2 M06). After this first phase the work will be carried out in parallel focusing on six technology cluster tasks: Coexistence of HDR and LDR-LT systems; Advanced LT techniques in harsh environment; New concepts for RRM and mobility support with location awareness; Localisation with ECMA 368; High precision synchronisation in large mesh networks; Multiband/multimode for high reliability and QoS (HDR/60 GHz); Demonstrator for public transport applications; Test and verification of demonstrator; Regulation and standardisation.
These technology cluster tasks should develop the single building blocks (extended platforms with enhanced HW and SW capabilities) for the final application demonstrator. The defined scenarios should be taken into account and the requirements should be satisfied. An additional cluster task addressing the regulation and standardisation issues has been also identified.
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The work of the technology tasks clusters will be first performed in several tasks of WP2, WP4 and WP5. The refinements which are exclusively application dependent, e.g. fine parameter optimisation and adaptation of protocol layers to guarantee the interoperability of the building blocks, will be performed in T8a.3.6.1 to T8a.3.6.4. T8a.3.8 will develop dedicated UWB antennas for the public transport environment. This will complete the building blocks required to integrate the final application demonstrator. This task will be performed in T8a.3.1. The overall interaction between the tasks and WP participating in this cluster are depicted in Table 6 and the cluster flow is shown in Figure 28. Objective Type From WPs/Tasks To WPs/Tasks WP2: T2.19 WP3: T3.1 WP4: T4.15 WP5: T5.1 WP7: T7.1.12 WP2: T2.1T2.9 WP3: T3.1 WP4: T4.1T2.5 WP5: T5.1 WP7: T7.1 WP9: T9.1 WP4: T4.4 WP4: T4.3. T4.5 WP4: T4.5?? WP5: WP9: T9.6 WP9: T9.6 Cluster document Date
Definition of application scenarios
OUTPUT WP8: T8a.1
D8a.1
M02/M06
Application requirements definition
WP8: T8a.2
D8a.2
M02/M06
Coexistence of HDR and LDR WP2: T2.1, T2.4, T2.5 systems Advanced LT techniques in WP4: T4.3 harsh environment New concepts for RRM and mobility support with location WP4: T4.3, T4.5 awareness Localisation with ECMA 368 WP4: T4.3 M/M for high reliability and WP5: T5.4 QoS (HDR/60 GHz) Demonstrator OUTPUT WP7, WP8 Test and verification of OUTPUT WP7, WP8 demonstrator for PT
D8a.3.2 D8a.3.3 D8a.3.4 D8a.3.5 D8a.3.7 D8a.3.7 D8a.3.8
M26 M26 M26 M26 M26 M32 M40
Table 66: Public Transport Cluster: Interaction between tasks.
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D7.1.2a: (V)HDR platform requirements D7.4.2a: (V)HDR platform provision D7.1.2b: (V)HDR platform requirements D7.4.2b: (V)HDR platform provision
Application WP8a: UWB in Public Transport
VHDR / 60 GHz Platform

D5.1: Application def. and system requ. for multimode/ multiband radios T5.3: VHDR WiMedia/ 60 GHz MB Verification Platform D5.3.1: Specification of verification block D5.3.2: Design of verification block D5.3.3: Verification of the integrated platform
D8a.3.3: Advanced localisation techiques in harsh environment D8a3.4: New concepts for radio resource management and mobility support with location awareness
D8a.4: Test and verification of the demonstrator
T5.2: Specification and Development of Multimode/Multiband Architecture
D8a.3.9: Demonstrator for public transport applications
Application-aware algorithm and system design for ... D3.3.2: ... link quality enhancements and range extension D3.3.3: ... for multi-user enhancements

D3.1.1: Definition of syst. concepts, requirements and application scenarios
Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence Open UWB Technology Platforms LDR-LT Platform
D7.1.1a: LDR-LT platform requirements D7.4.1: LDR-LT platform (HW/SW) provision D4.4.2: Analysis of the impact of the location information on communication systems D4.5.2: Algorithms and strategies for communication systems with location awareness D2.1.1: Spectrum sensing and monitoring D2.4.1: Requirements for UWB mitigation techniques D2.4.4: Multiple antennas and beamforming algorithms D2.6.2: Solutions for the Cognitive Pilot Channel
D8a.1: Scenario description for public transport applications D8a.2: Requirements for public transport applications
D4.1.1: Initial LT algorithms
D4.3.2: Implementation of enhanced LT engine with mobility manag.
Figure 2828: Cluster flow in the EUWB Public Transport Cluster.
EUWB Automotive Cluster The cluster aims at interfacing different WP tasks with the automotive application of WP8. Its role is to check the dependencies during the lifetime of the project and to ensure that the technical flow towards the application objectives is continuous and does not deviate. The automotive environment shall evaluate two scenarios using UWB in cars by means of demonstrators at the end of the EUWB project. In summary, the first one is a sensor cable replacement within the car and the second one is localisation of tags in the car cabin. In addition, the specific and harsh nature of the in-car environment makes compulsory a deep exploration of the UWB propagation channel by means of both simulations and measurements to obtain a validated channel models which are not available in the literature. Such models are expected to profoundly differ from the known home, industrial and offices environments described in IEEE 15.3a and 15.4a channel models. The use of UWB in cars is conditioned by specific regulatory rules with respect to the actual world-wide regulation status. Finally, a part of the cluster work deals with coexistence with other not only in cars wireless systems on the one side and with regulation activities on the other side. From this general description, a set of key objectives can be listed: Objective 1: Specifying both scenarios, requirements for the UWB wireless systems in these scenarios and application domain specific requirements (EMC, form factor, antenna integration constraints, reliability, etc.): Associated deliverables: D8b.1 and D8b.2.1; Interactions with other WPs: WP7. Objective 2: Setting a system and link level simulator for each scenario, including MAC network functionalities when appropriate, PHY simulation including the in-car propagation channel and enabling advanced research topics evaluation:
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Associated deliverables: D8b.2.2 to D8b.2.5; Interactions with other WPs: WP3, WP4 and WP7. Objective 3: Demonstrating the wireless sensor scenario using the EUWB platforms: Associated deliverables: D8b.3.2 and D8b.4.1; Interactions with other WPs: WP7. Objective 4: Demonstrating the tag location scenario using the EUWB platforms: Associated deliverables: D8b.3.3 and D8b.4.2; Interactions with other WPs: WP7.
-
Objective 5: Assessing coexistence with other wireless systems and getting inputs from and providing inputs to the regulation: Associated deliverables: D8b.1, D8b.2.1 then D8b.2.2 to D8b.2.4; Interactions with other WPs: WP2, WP9.
Formatted: Font:
In order to achieve these objectives with a controlled risk, the dependencies with the other WP tasks and deliverables are identified on the diagram shown in Figure 29Figure 29 and shall be monitored by the cluster leader according to the EUWB clustering and management principles. In particular, the WP8b deliverables are partly based on work done directly in WP8b. Significant inputs are also delivered from other WP tasks which form the Automotive Cluster.
T2.4...T2.7: Coexistence and Mitigation of Interference etc.
Application WP8b: Automotive Environment
Regulation and Standardisation T8b.2.2...T8b.2.5: Channel Simulation and LDR Wireless Model for Complex Automotive Scenarios Communication etc. T8b.3.1...T8b.3.3: Development of Demonstrators for the Automotive Environment Location and T8b.4.1...T8b.4.2: Tracking Test and Verification of Demonstrators for the Automotive Environment
System reference documents
Impact analysis on existing radio services
Standard
Mitigation techniques

T3.1.2: Applicationspecific MIMOUWB Channel Models and Theor. Limits T3.1.1: Practical Requirements and Scenarios for MIMO-UWB T3.3: Applicationaware Algorithms and System Design T7.2.1 + T7.3.1: LDR-LT Platform Development and Implementation, HW + SW

T7.4.1: Transfer and Support of LDRLT Platform
T8b.1: Definition of Application Scenarios for the Automotive Environment T8b.2.1: System Parameters for LDR Wireless Communication and Location Tracking
T7.1.1: LDR-LT Platform Requirements and Specification
T4.1: Development of Advanced Localisation and Tracking Algorithms
T4.3: Implementation and Evaluation of Algorithms in the Platforms
Figure 2929: Cluster flow in the EUWB Automotive Cluster.
B1.3.1.3 Project Extension and New Activities

It must be noted that a clear need to reinforce the EUWB activities with new partners bringing in additional competence has been identified by the EUWB consortium already early this year. This need for additional focused effort, in particular in WP2, WP4, WP6, and WP8 is a result of a very wide and ambitious scope of the EUWB project, an increased pull from the market for advanced UWB technologies and parallel developments of related technologies to the ones undertaken within the EUWB core activities. Specifically, algorithmic, protocol and conceptual work has to be reinforced in the area of cognitive UWB radio and coexistence as well as in advanced
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localisation and tracking. Furthermore, additional functionalities shall be added to the demonstrators and their implementation speeded up. In line with this need, the proposal to enlarge the existing EUWB project by dedicated partners with the right skills and expertise was presented and justified during the first annual review of the EUWB project which took place in June 2009. The proposed amendment was accepted by the independent external experts, whereas all reviewers unanimously agreed to the proposal. This decision was officially stated in the Technical Review Report, Annex 1 Commission Recommendations to be implemented. Accordingly, the EUWB co-ordinator and the Work Package Leaders (WPL) identified potential qualified partners that were subsequently invited to join in EUWB within the framework of Call 5, Objective 9.5 to bring in additionally needed expertise. All these new partners are known for their excellent performance to the co-ordinator or WPLs of EUWB from past common projects, presentations at the ICT Mobile Summit and other scientific events or even direct co-operation within EUWB itself in the past. This process resulted in proposed additional work to complement the originally planned EUWB activities in the following work packages: WP2 two new tasks will be added; WP4 two original EUWB tasks will be complemented; WP6 one original EUWB task will be complemented; WP8 four original EUWB tasks will be complemented.
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
The additional new tasks as well as extensions to the original EUWB tasks are described below along with their mapping on EUWB activities, whereby respective original EUWB tasks are quoted for reference in tables with work package descriptions in Section B1.3.6.
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B1.3.2 Timing of Work Packages and Their Components
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Figure 3030: Gantt chart.

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Pert diagram Due to the high complexity of the relative large EUWB project with a large number of tasks and the extremely strong interaction between the various tasks also from different work packages it is considered useful to visualise the interdependencies of the various project tasks in several Pert diagrams, each highlighting a logical structure in the work flow of the project. In Figure 31 the global plan for interaction is visualised, while a more detailed breakdown for several logical substructures is given in the section before explaining the cluster structures and interactions of tasks in a goal oriented structuring.
WP2: Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence WP9: Regulation and Standardisation T9.1 world-wide uwb status T9.2 + T9.3 regulatory and standardisation activities T9.4 international coordination T2.1 spectrum sensing and monitoring T2.2 interferer identification and classification T2.3 spatial interference distribution
WP3: Multiple Antenna UWB Systems T3.1 concepts and requirements T3.2 mimo test-bed T3.3 + T3.4 algorithms and system design
T2.6 T2.4 T2.5 T2.7 cognitive coexistence + networking interference cooperation + signalling test-bed concepts mitigation negotiation
WP5: UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation T5.1 definition and requirements T5.2 specification and development T5.3 verification platform
world-wide regulation and standardisation status
initial output of the application WPs
WP7: Open UWB Technology Platforms T7.1 T7.2 T7.5 T7.3/4 requirements development combined platform and and study development specification implementation ldr/hdr h o m e
T6.1 uwb in multiradio interface devices T6.2 uwb in access network equipment T6.3 location-aware services
n e t w o r k s
T8a.1 + T8a.2 scenarios and requirements
T8a.3...5 application development and test
t r a n s p o r t
T8b.1 + T8b.2 scenarios and system parameters T8b.3 + T8b.4 demonstrator development and test
a u t o m o t i v e
T8c.1 multiband/ multimode uwb application T8c.2 localisation/ tracking application
WP4: UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking T4.4 + T4.5 T4.1 T4.2 T4.3 impact on advanced lt aquisition and implementation systems, new algorithms dissemination and evaluation concepts
Figure 3131: Pert diagram of overall project level interaction.
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B1.3.3 List of Work Packages

WP 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Name of work package Project Management Administrative Project Management Technical and Scientific Management Impact Management Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence Spectrum Sensing and Monitoring Identification and Classification of Interferers Distribution of Spatial Interference Coexistence and Mitigation of Interference Networking Co-operation and Negotiation Concepts for Cognitive Signalling Experimental Cognitive Radio Test-bed Multiple Antenna UWB Systems System Concepts and Requirements for Scenarios Set-up of a MIMO Test-bed for Research and Evaluation of Algorithms Application-aware Algorithms and System Design Implementation-aware Algorithms and System Design UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking Development of Advanced Localisation and Tracking Algorithms Data Acquisition and Dissemination for/using Location Information Implementation and Evaluation of Algorithms in the Platforms Impact of Location Information on Communication Systems Study of New System Concepts with Location Awareness UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation Definition of Application and System Requirements for Multimode/Multiband Radios Specification and Development of Multimode/Multiband Architecture VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz Multiband Verification Platform UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks UWB in Multi-radio Interface User Devices UWB in Access Network Equipment Location-aware Services in Heterogeneous Networks Type of Leader Leader activity N MGT MGT MGT MGT RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD P01 P01 P01 P01 P08 P08 P19 P06 P18 P08 P08 P14 P07 P21 P07 P13 P13 P09 P09 P09 P16 P19 P15 P03 P14 P17 P03 P11 P12 P11 P11 PM Start month M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M04 M04 M01 M01 M04 M12 M01 M01 M01 M01 M19 M01 M01 M01 M13 M07 M13 M01 M01 M04 M06 M01 M01 M01 M12 End month M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M18 M24 M40 M33 M30 M40 M40 M40 M27 M27 M40 M40 M40 M30 M18 M30 M30 M40 M40 M06 M36 M40 M40 M37 M37 M40
74
GWT 102106 GWT TESD GWT 6670 18 18
CNET 220268 CNET UNIBO CEA UNIBO CNET CNET WIS LUH UIL LUH VTT VTT 34 25 40 4656 4046 2355 12 211 47 22 80 62
CWC 231241 CWC CWC ACO UNIBO UZ TESD EADS TESUK TESD TID THA TID TID 6673 37 4851 49 31 160 8 95 57 158166 46 66 4654
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WP 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 8 8a 8a.1 8a.2 8a.3 8a.4 8a.5 8b 8b.1 8b.2 8b.3 8b.4 8c 8c.1 8c.2 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4
Name of work package Open UWB Technology Platforms Platform Requirements and Specifications Platform Development and Implementation, Hardware Platform Development and Implementation, Software Transfer and Support of Platforms Study of Combined LDR/HDR Open Platform UWB Application Environments UWB in the Public Transport Definition of Application Scenarios for Public Transport Applications Definition of Requirements for Public Transport Applications Development of a Demonstrator for Public Transport Applications Test and Verification of the Demonstrator for Public Transport Applications Tests to Support Regulation and Standardisation Activities UWB in the Automotive Environment Definition of Application Scenarios for the Automotive Environment Definition of System Parameters, Channel Characterisation and Simulation Framework Development of Demonstrators for the Automotive Environment Test and Verification of Demonstrators for the Automotive Environment UWB in the Home Environment Multiband/Multimode HDR UWB + VHDR 60 GHz Application UWB Localisation/Tracking for Smart Wireless Audio Application Regulation and Standardisation Status of World-wide UWB Regulation and Standardisation Regulatory Activities Standardisation Activities International Co-ordination TOTAL
Type of Leader Leader activity N RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD RTD P20 P20 P06 P12 P20 P20 P10 P10 P10 P10 P10 P10 P10 P05 P05 P05 P05 P05 P04 P04 P04 P05 P05 P05 P05 P05 UDE
(co: CEA)
PM 256 14 90 99 37 16
Start month M01 M01 M03 M03 M07 M24 M01 M01 M01 M03 M13 M33 M01 M01 M01 M06 M12 M24 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01 M01
End month M40 M18 M30 M33 M40 M40 M40 M40 M03 M12 M32 M40 M40 M40 M06 M25 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M27 M40 M40 M40
UDE CEA THA UDE UDE
EADS 367403 EADS 189209 EADS EADS 8 10
EADS 128140 EADS EADS BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH PHI PHI PHI BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH GWT 3442 9 86 3 24 48 11 92108 4350 4958 107 14 30 47 16 1,8121, 918
Table 77: List of work packages.
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B1.3.4 List of Deliverables

Number D1.1 D1.2 D1.3 Name of deliverable Set-up of EUWB co-operative working environment Set-up of public web page Public project presentation Respon- Nasible ture GWT O GWT O GWT R GWT R Delivery date M01 M01 M01 M02/12/ CO M21 M03/06 M09/15 CO M18/21 M27/30 M33/36 M12* CO M24* M12** CO/PU M24** M340** M340** CO/PU * CO PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU
30 d after final paymt.
Diss. level CO PU PU
D1.4a/b/c Quality hand book (initial/updated/final) D1.5a/b/c /d/e/f/g/ Quarterly management report h/i/j D1.6a/b Planning for the next period * to be updated after the 1st and 2nd review ** within 60 d after the end of each period *** within 60 d after the end of the project
GWT
GWT GWT GWT GWT CNET CNET UNIBO UNIBO UNIBO CEA CEA UNIBO UNIBO CNET UNIBO CTU CNET CNET CNET CNET CNET WRC WIS WIS UNIBO
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R P R
D1.7a/b/c Periodic report D1.8 D1.9 D2.1.1 D2.1.2 D2.2.1 D2.2.2 D2.2.3 D2.3.1 D2.3.2 D2.4.1 D2.4.2 D2.4.3 D2.4.4 D2.4.5 D2.5.1 D2.5.2 D2.6.1 D2.6.2 D2.6.3 D2.6.4 D2.7.1 D2.7.2 D3.1.1 Final report
Report on the distribution of the Communitys contribution Spectrum sensing and monitoring MB-OFDM-based sniffer function Interference definition and specification Interferer identification algorithms Interferer classification Interferers localisation/tracking methods Radio environment map Requirements for UWB mitigation techniques for IR UWB and OFDM UWB Interference mitigation techniques algorithms Co-operative coding, modulation and power control strategies Multiple antennas and beamforming algorithms Multi-source/node distributed network coded modulation concepts, structures, algorithms and performance evaluation Scenarios and requirements for networking co-operation/ negotiation Networking co-operation and negotiation algorithms Cognitive signalling concepts scenarios and requirements Solutions for the Cognitive Pilot Channel CR-UWB based control unit DCPC architecture, communication mechanisms and protocols Architecture definition of CR experimental test-bed Experimental cognitive radio test-bed Definition of system concepts, requirements and application scenarios
M12 M18 M12 M24 M24 M24 M40 M04 M26 M33 M33 M40 M12 M30 M12 M30 M40 M40 M18 M40 M06
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Number D3.1.2a/b D3.1.3 D3.2.1 D3.2.2 D3.3.1 D3.3.2 D3.3.3 D3.4.1 D3.4.2 D4.1.1 D4.1.2a/b D4.2.1 D4.2.2 D4.3.1 D4.3.2a/b D4.4.1a/b D4.4.2 D4.5.1 D4.5.2a/b
Name of deliverable
Respon- Nasible ture R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Diss. level PU PU RE RE PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU
Delivery date M09/15 M09 M12 M27 M40 M40 M40 M40 M40 M12 M24/30 M12 M18 M16 M18/30 M12/24 M30 M15 M24/40
Application-specific MIMO-UWB channel measurements and UIL parameter extraction (initial/final) Application-specific channel modelling with spatial and temporal UNIBO correlation analysis of the theoretical limits of MIMO-UWB Definition of the initial set-up of a 24 MIMO test-bed LUH Definition of the evolved set-up of a 44 MIMO test-bed and setLUH ups for multi-user/interferer scenarios Application-aware algorithm and system design for extremely LUH high data rates Application-aware algorithm and system design for link quality LUH enhancements and range extension for VHDR Application-aware algorithm and system design for multi-user VTT enhancements for VHDR Resource evaluation and prediction of multiple antenna solutions VTT via prototyping Impact analysis of HW effects on implementation and system CEA design of MAS Initial LT algorithms CWC Enhanced LT algorithms with heterogeneous information CWC (initial/final) Initial development of dissemination methods and evaluation UDE Enhanced dissemination methods and evaluation UDE Evaluation of requirements for the LT engine implementation ACO (LDR and HDR platforms) Implementation of the enhanced LT engine implementation with ACO mobility management (LDR and HDR) (initial/final) Analysis of the impact of location information on communication UNIBO systems (initial/final) Analysis of the impact of location and mobility information on UNIBO communication systems Analysis of location awareness in wireless/cellular networks UZ Algorithms and strategies for communication systems with UZ location awareness (initial/final) Application definition and system requirements for multimode/ EADS multiband radios Study of multiplexing and switching strategies in Bluetooth v3.0 hybrid radio system and for VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband TESUK radio system Development, implementation and verification of the CL/MAC TESUK software sub-components VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, system development TESUK PAL/MAC, BB, RF VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, specification of TESD verification block VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, design of verification TESD block enhanced WiMedia PHY, 60 GHz UWB front-end VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, verification of the ACO integrated platform
D5.1 D5.2.1 D5.2.2 D5.2.3 D5.3.1 D5.3.2 D5.3.3
R R R R R P P
PU PU CO CO PU CO CO
M06 M09 M33 M33 M12 M24 M40
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Number D6.1.1 D6.1.2 D6.1.3 D6.1.4 D6.2.1 D6.2.2 D6.2.3 D6.2.4 D6.3.1 D6.3.2 D6.3.3 D7.1.1a/b
Name of deliverable Definition of application scenario and definition of requirements Description of first family of multi-radio interface user devices Advanced multi-radio interface user devices Advanced multi-radio interface user devices (demonstrator) Description of first family of EUWB access points Study of capability in UWB picocells and higher layer requirements for heterogeneous networks Picocell tests using advanced UWB platforms UWB in existing and future radio access network: coexistence aspects Requirements and specification of services based on location awareness Concept applications to exploit location awareness Concept applications to exploit location awareness (demonstrator)
Respon- Nasible ture THA R TID R TID R TID D THA R UZ UZ TID TID UZ UZ CEA WIS/ TESUK UDE THA TESUK UDE R R R R R D R R R P P P
Diss. level PU CO CO CO CO PU PU PU PU CO CO PU PU PU PU PU PU PU RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE RE PU PU PU PU PU PU RE RE
Delivery date M04 M24 M37 M37 M24 M18 M37 M37 M18 M40 M40 M06/18 M06/18 M18 M12/24 M12/24 M40 M03 M06 M3034 M2631 M2631 M2632 M2631 M31 M2631 M2631 M3237 M40 M03 M07 M35 M18 M25 M18 M26
78
LDR-LT platform requirements, feasibility analysis and specification (initial/final) (V)HDR platform requirements, feasibility analysis and D7.1.2a/b specification (initial/final) Combined LDR-LT/HDR platform, feasibility analysis and D7.1.3 specification LDR-LT platform (HW/SW) provision to different activity D7.4.1a/b clusters (initial/final) (V)HDR platform (HW/SW) provision to different activity D7.4.2a/b clusters (initial/final) D7.5 Combined LDR/HDR platform study results D8a.1 D8a.2 D8a.3.1 D8a.3.2 D8a.3.3 D8a.3.4 D8a.3.5 D8a.3.6 D8a.3.7 D8a.3.8 D8a.3.9 D8a.4 D8b.1 D8b.2 D8b.3 D8b.4 D8b.5 D8b.6 D8b.7 Scenario description for public transport applications Requirements for public transport applications Implementation of higher layers and integration Coexistence HDR (ECMA 368)/LDR (802.15.4a) Advanced localisation techniques in harsh environment New concepts for radio resources management and mobility support with location awareness Localisation using ECMA 368 platform High precision synchronisation for large mesh networks Multiband/multimode for high reliability and QoS (HDR/60 GHz) Antenna design Demonstrator for public transport applications Test and verification of the demonstrator for public transport applications Scenario description for automotive environment applications System parameters for automotive environment applications System simulation environment Channel model for complex automotive scenarios (in-car) Verification of channel model by measurement Antennas for in-car applications LDR and LT CAN/LIN-bus interface
EADS R EADS R GHTWT R, P THA R, P ACO R, P ACO UDE TESUK TESD TESD EADS EADS BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH TESD R, P R, P R, P R, P R, P D R R R R R R P P
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Number D8b.8 D8b.9 D8b.10 D8b.11 D8c.1 D8c.2 D8c.3 D8c.4 D8c.5 D8c.6 D8c.7 D8c.8 D8c.9 D8c.10 D8c.11
Name of deliverable
In-car demonstrator for LDR wireless communication Performance verification of LDR wireless communication in-car BOSCH demonstrator In-car demonstrator for location tracking BOSCH Performance verification of location tracking in-car demonstrator BOSCH Scenario description for multiband/multimode UWB home PHI environment applications System parameters and requirements for multiband/multimode PHI UWB home environment applications Interface requirements for the application platform PHI Demonstrator for multiband UWB wireless communication for PHI video streaming Performance verification of the multiband UWB-60 GHz PHI demonstrator within home environment Scenario description for localisation/tracking application for home PHI audio applications System parameters and requirements for localisation/ PHI synchronisation for home audio applications Interface requirements of the application platform PHI Development of audio tuning algorithms for in-room home PHI environment scenarios Demonstrator for in-room audio tuning based on the LT algorithm PHI and platform Performance verification of the combined localisation/ synchronisation and audio tuning application demonstrator within PHI home environment World-wide regulation and standardisation overview BOSCH BOSCH BOSCH
Respon- Nasible ture TESD P R P R R R O D O R R O O D O
Diss. level RE PU RE PU PU RE RE PU PU PU RE RE CO RE RE
Delivery date M32 M40 M32 M40 M06 M06 M12 M32 M40 M03 M06 M12 M24 M40 M40
D9.1
R R R
PU PU PU
D9.2a/b/c Regulation and standardisation plan (initial/updated/final) D9.3 Contributions to update the ECMA standard Table 88: List of deliverables.
M02 M06/18/ M27 M30
The nature of the deliverable is indicated by one of the following codes: R = Report, P = Prototype, D = Demonstrator, O = Other The dissemination level is indicated by one of the following codes: PU = Public; RE = Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services); CO = Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services).
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B1.3.5 List of Milestones

WP(s) Expected involved date WP1 WP1 WP1 WP1 WP1 WP2 WP2 WP2 WP2 WP2 WP3 WP3 WP3 WP3 WP4 M01 M11 M14 M26 M39 M12 M24 M33 M40 M40 M06 M12 M27 M40 M12 Means of verification MoM R R R R Internal report Internal report Prototype ready D2.4.5 D2.6.4 D3.1.3 D3.2.1 D3.2.2 D3.3.1, D3.3.2, D3.3.3 D4.4.1a D4.5.2a, D4.2.1, D4.3.2a
Number M1.1 M1.2 M1.3 M1.4 M1.5 M2.1 M2.2 M2.3 M2.4 M2.5 M3.1 M3.2 M3.3 M3.4 M4.1
Name of milestone Project kick-off 1st project workshop organised 1st periodic review passed 2nd periodic review passed Final project workshop organised Selection of reference systems for identification and definition of interferers for LT purposes Definition of spectrum sharing policies to be implemented at the network level Test of basic cognitive radio functionalities Performance evaluations and gains of the multi-source/node network coded modulation DCPC communications mechanisms developed for UWB communication environment Application-specific channel model requirements and practical requirements for specific MAS scenarios Initial 24 MIMO UWB test-bed for research and evaluation of algorithms Evolved 44 MIMO UWB test-bed for research and evaluation of algorithms for multi-user/interferer scenarios System-level simulators a) EHDR b) VHDR Preliminary study on the theoretical limits of localisation and communication a) Algorithms to support mobility and improve QoS b) Preliminary techniques for communication based on location awareness c) Implementation and verification of preliminary LT engine and/or key blocks a) Enhanced localisation and tracking engine with heterogeneous information b) Analysis of the theoretical limits for localisation and communication under non-ideal conditions Advanced solutions for LT engines and location aware communication systems with relative limits (Enhanced localisation and tracking engine based on passive and active methods Advanced techniques for communication based on location awareness Extended analysis of the theoretical localisation and communication limits to the application scenarios Enhanced algorithms to support mobility and improve QoS) Application definition and system proposal for multimode/multiband radios Verification platform definition Verification block prototypes transferred as initial platform to WP8 Enhanced architecture for Bluetooth v3.0 hybrid radio system
M4.2
WP4
M18
M4.3
WP4
M24
D4.1.2a, D4.4.1b
M4.4
WP4
M36
D4.1.2b, D4.2.2, D4.3.2b, D4.4.2, D4.5.2b D5.1 D5.2.1 D5.3.2 D5.2.2

80
M5.1 M5.2 M5.3 M5.4
WP5 WP5 WP5 WP5
M06 M12 M24 M33
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Number M5.5 M5.6
Name of milestone Enhanced architecture for VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio system Demonstration of the integrated platform a) Specification of commercial UWB platform integration in user devices b) Specification of commercial UWB platform integration in user access points a) Study of capability in UWB picocells and higher layer requirements for heterogeneous NW b) Requirements and specification of services based on location awareness a) Description of first family of multi-radio interface user devices b) Description of first family of EUWB access points a) Advanced multi-radio interface user device demonstrator b) Picocell tests using advanced UWB platforms Concept applications to exploit location awareness Support material ready Enhanced set of support material ready Scenarios description and requirements for public transport applications Prototypes to be integrated in demonstrator for public transport applications Demonstrator for public transport applications Scenarios and system parameters defined for automotive applications Channel model available In-car demonstrator for a) LDR and b) LT available System simulation environment available Scenario description and requirements for a) multiband UWB and b) LT for home environment applications Prototypes to be integrated in demonstrator for multiband UWB home environment applications Prototypes to be integrated in demonstrator for LT in home environment applications Demonstrator for a) multiband UWB and b) LT in home environment applications World-wide regulation and standardisation overview Regulation and standardisation initial plan ready Initial application and technology requirements evaluated Updated application and technology requirements evaluated Regulation and standardisation final plan Table 99: List of milestones.
WP(s) Expected involved date WP5 WP5, WP8 WP6 M33 M40
Means of verification D5.2.3 D5.3.3
M6.1
M12
IR6.1.2, IR6.2.1
M6.2
WP6
M18
D6.2.2, D6.3.1
M6.3 M6.4 M6.5 M7.1 M7.2 M8a.1 M8a.2 M8a.3 M8b.1 M8b.2 M8b.3 M8b.4 M8c.1 M8c.2 M8c.3 M8c.4 M9.1 M9.2 M9.3 M9.4 M9.5
WP6 WP6 WP6 WP7 WP7 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP8 WP9 WP9 WP9 WP9 WP9
M24 M37 M40 M12 M24 M06 M26 M30 M06 M18 M32 M35 M06 M30 M32 M40 M02 M06 M10 M22 M28
D6.1.2, D6.2.1 D6.1.4, D6.2.3 D6.3.3 actual material actual material D8a.1, D8a.2 D8a.3.1 to D8a.3.8 D8a.3.9 D8b.2 D8b.4 D8b.8, D8b.11 D8b.3 D8c.1, D8c.2, D8c.6, D8c.7 D5.2.3 D4.3.2b D8c.4, D8c.5 D9.1 D9.2a Internal report Internal report D9.3
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B1.3.6 Description of Work Packages

WP number WP1 WP title Project Management Activity type MGT Participant (number) P03 P01 Participant (short name) GWT TESD PM per participant 18 84 Task Start End PM 667 T1.1 M01 M40 70 0 T1.2 M01 M40 18 18 T1.3 M01 M40 148 18 Start date End date Total PM M01 M40 1026
Objectives Achieve most efficient project execution and resource utilisation by management of the project with regard to quality, financial, administrative, legal and technical matters including interfacing with the European Commission and other project external organisations as well as managing knowledge transfer and dissemination activities. Description of Work Task 1.1: Administrative Project Management [M01M40] This task contains all major activities concerning administrative project management including the project planning update, contract maintenance, external relations and interfacing, communications, resource and expenditure management, risk management, project documentation management, project communication platform, project internal decision making management and chair of the Management Board. Task 1.2: Quality Management [M01M40] This task contains all major activities concerning quality project management including the supervision of project planning updates, technical risk management, internal project deliverable review management and technical and scientific quality management. Task 1.3: Impact Management [M01M40] This task contains IPR and knowledge management and dissemination/exploitation of results. Deliverables D1.1: D1.2: D1.3: D1.4a/b/c: D1.5aj: D1.6a/b: D1.7a/b/c: D1.8: D1.9: Milestones M1.1: M1.2: M1.3: M1.4: M1.5:
Set-up of EUWB co-operative working environment (M01) Set-up of public web page (M01) Public project presentation (M01) Quality hand book (initial/updated/final) (M02/M12/M21) Quarterly management report (M03/M06/M09/M15/M18/M21/M27/M30/M33/M36) Draft planning for next period (M12*/M24*) * to be updated after the 1st and 2nd review Periodic report (M12**/M24**/M40**) ** within 60 days after the end of each period Final report (M40***) *** within 60 days after the end of the project Report on the distribution of the Communitys contribution (30 days after final payment)
Formatted Formatted Formatted
Project kick-off 1st project workshop organised 1st periodic review passed 2nd periodic review passed Final project workshop organised
(M01) (M11) (M14) (M26) (M39)
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WP number WP2 WP title Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence Activity type RTD Participant (number) P06 P09 P14 P19 P20 P08 Participant (short name) CEA CNET CWC WIS UNIBO UDE PM per participant 16 22 24 48 12 98 Task Start End PM T2.1 M01 M18 34 6 3 8 3 14 T2.2 M04 M24 25 10 5 2 8 T2.3 M04 M40 40 8 9 10 3 10 T2.4 M01 M33 456 14 6 10 4 12 T2.5 M01 M30 460 7 10 23 235 T2.6 M04 M40 23 5 T2.7 M12 M40 12 6 6
P26 CTU 16
Start date End date Total PM P28 WRC 32
M01 M40 22068
10 6 32
Objectives The main goal of this work package is to investigate the fundamental issues on how to achieve cognitive UWB functionalities of spectrum sensing and monitoring, to develop the capability of optimising the communications and improving the coexistence of heterogeneous wireless networks and terminals, to solve the coexistence issues within UWB networks, and to realise the capability of broadcasting spectrum, time and location related information via the Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC) concept. In particular, the specific objectives are the following: Develop novel sniffer functions capable of multi-dimensional (frequency, time, space, code) sensing and monitoring of the spectrum, during the initial set-up phase and normal operation of the network, respectively; Realise interferer identification algorithms and classification according to known wireless standards and systems, e.g. WiFi, whereas possible, leveraging on shared databases; Utilise relevant positioning capabilities, offered by UWB devices and systems, for deriving the spatial distribution of radio resource and interference for network optimisation purposes; Achieve effective coexistence regarding both intra-network interference, e.g. UWB-UWB, due to multi-access by UWB devices, either HDR (high data rate) or LDR (low data rate) ones, sharing the same frequency band, and inter-network interference, in both directions, versus other wireless systems, e.g. WiMAX; Develop novel interference mitigation and coexistence techniques, including adaptive coding and modulation, spectrum-agile waveform generation, and smart beamforming techniques; Develop network structure and coexistence side-information aware demodulation/decoding and signal processing algorithms on the interference channel with various levels of the side-information on its structure and contents. Investigate the capacity and throughput improvement impact of the hierarchical co-operative/ distributed network structure aware modulation and coding in the environment of a UWB system; Provide co-operative and negotiation techniques at the networking level, based upon the local intelligence of each CR device implementing a (local) policy aimed at optimising the overall operation of the network under consideration; Leverage on the CPC mechanism as a mean to allow co-ordination among heterogeneous networks and the implementation of the Cognitive Radio (CR) concept in non-UWB systems, e.g. in cellular systems; Define and design the architecture and communication mechanisms for DCPC applicable to specific UWB environments; Demonstrate CR-UWB radio as central control unit, wherever multiple air interfaces are co-located, providing a shared spectrum sensing and control mechanisms; Implement an experimental test-bed that uses the existing UWB platforms to demonstrate some basic CR functions, namely spectrum sensing, spectrum adaptation, interference mitigation and DAA mechanisms. .
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Description of Work Task 2.1: Spectrum Sensing and Monitoring [M01M18] This task focuses on the basic issue of spectrum sensing and monitoring in order to provide a UWB device with advanced wireless environment detection function. The spectrum sensing function in the context of CR denotes the monitoring of electromagnetic activity in a broad portion of the spectrum. Due to the large portion of bandwidth used by UWB systems, there may be quite different systems that occupy the electromagnetic spectrum adopting various transmission schemes: narrowband, wideband direct-sequence or frequency-hopping CDMA and multicarrier modulations such as OFDM, MC-CDMA and FFH/OFDM (Fast-Frequency-Hopping OFDM). The spectrum usage is also characterised by the multiple access scheme adopted by such systems, which can be TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, CSMA or a hybrid combination thereof. Moreover, the duplexing scheme like TDD or FDD needs also to be taken into account. A thorough acquisition of the spectrum usage is a challenging problem not yet fully analysed, which this task plans to cope with as detailed below: T2.1.1: Specifications and Requirements for Spectrum Sensing First important sub-task is the study on how detailed the sensing must be, and to develop algorithms which are fast enough (real-time) before the radio activities over the wide spectrum band varies. T2.1.2: Aggregation of Information We will look into how the information provided by sensing (in the frequency, space and time domains) can be summarised to be sent and used by the upper layers to support interference avoidance and spectrum-agile signal generation. In fact, it is envisaged a trade-off between the signalling overhead and system performance. T2.1.3: Design of Sniffer Function Furthermore, we plan to develop novel MB-OFDM based sniffer functions capable of sensing and monitoring the spectrum usage in frequency, time and space with the necessary granularity, so that to keep as low as possible the implementation complexity. Task 2.2: Identification and Classification of Interferers [M04M24] The work within this task will be organised according to two sub-tasks. T2.2.1: Identification Algorithms for Interferers First, the interferers will be identified by their signal frequency aspects, peak power, directional of arrival, symbols sequence, etc. These characteristics will reveal the identity of the interferer. This task is aimed at deriving a series of theoretical models to identify and classify the interferers. T2.2.2: Classification of Interferers We plan to develop classification algorithms according to known wireless standards and systems, e.g. WiFi, whereas possible, leveraging on shared databases. This approach may greatly simplify the wireless environment monitoring task, by relying upon the pre-existing knowledge of the transmission patterns. Task 2.3: Distribution of Spatial Interference [M04M40] Efficient CR strategies require the knowledge of CR and non-CR devices location in order to collect spatial information about spectrum usage and interferers distribution. Furthermore, the CR nodes position is fundamental for efficient routing which can improve network capacity, efficiency and reduce harmful interference towards nonCR devices, and can improve the coexistence among heterogeneous networks. T2.3.1: Localisation/Tracking of Interferers This sub-task will be devoted to the spatial localisation/tracking of potential interferers, both narrow-band and ultra-wideband, in a heterogeneous network scenario. Of course, this activity will leverage on the research findings of both WP3 and WP4, regarding the usage of multiple-antennas and UWB-based localisation/tracking techniques, respectively. The research challenges include how to extend these techniques to heterogeneous networks, comprising non co-operative nodes, in order to infer the relative position of the interferers, how to cope with NLOS (non line-of-sight) situations and with mobility. T2.3.2: Radio Environment Map The relative position information among CR and non-CR devices will be used to construct a local map of the spatial interference distribution and will serve to define an appropriate strategy for spatial management and reuse of spectrum resources. Task 2.4: Coexistence and Mitigation of Interference [M01M33] The work within this task will be organised according to three sub-tasks. T2.4.1: Interference Mitigation Techniques This sub-task is to define interference mitigation techniques by DAA (detection-and-avoidance) cognitive radio principles. Interference mitigation techniques at the receiver end will include adaptive classification, channel
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estimation, and suppression of interference. The interference needs to be classified as through a parametric model before its parameters can be estimated and the interference, which may be non-stationary, can be subsequently suppressed. This part of the work will leverage also on the research findings by the T2.2 on identification and classification of interferers. As part of this sub-task the specific spectrum moulding for impulse based systems and OFDM based systems will be investigated. Specifically, relying on impulse radio-like techniques, such as SSA (soft-spectrum adaptation), UWB waveform generation will be investigated, in which spectrum-agile UWB waveforms achieving adaptation features and their associated modulation, coding and multiple-access techniques will be analysed in terms of digital processing algorithms and architectures. For OFDM based systems, bi-orthogonal multiple-tone schemes will be developed, which give more design freedom and spectrum shaping capabilities. In the scheme, a given set of OFDM-based orthogonal waveforms will be used at the transmitter and a different set of orthogonal waveforms at the receiver. T2.4.2: Strategies for Co-operative Coding, Modulation and Power Control Cognitive UWB devices will opportunistically use the spectrum, while their local resource management choices, e.g. selecting the transmission rates, transmission powers, coding schemes, etc., will greatly influence the performance of all the other users. Co-operative modulation and coding strategies for dynamic spectrum access (DSA) and increased spectrum utilisation will be investigated, with a view to minimise control information in the feedback channel. Another point in this task is to investigate radio parameters adaptation based on node locations. For example, in a network there are devices that are using different codes to code their transmission. If the location of the nodes is known at priori, it may be possible to exploit different codes for nodes in the network depending on their relative distance. A bigger challenge would be for the case of mobile terminals, which would require on-thefly spatial-code sets adaptation. Modulation and coding in multi-source and multi-node scenario can greatly benefit from the knowledge of the node/source (network) structure and side-information of other nodes code and data. Currently, strong attention is put on the hierarchical relay processing where the relaying nodes process the hierarchical data which jointly represent all incoming sources in such a form that the final destination can decode the data only with the help of the side-information on other data sources. This scheme has the capacity region with the sum-rate extending the classical MAC sum-rate. This concept, in its bit narrower interpretation (perfect side-information), is known as Network Coded Modulation or Physical Layer (Wireless) Network Coding. The side-information available at the relay or final destination can have various levels of quality and form, starting from the perfect knowledge to the partial/imperfect one on both data-contents and the codeword/modulation format structure. The coding and relay processing must properly respect this. Imperfect/partial side-information assumption requires specific hierarchical exclusive codeword properties and presents truly challenging research area. Also the specific scenario of UWB systems brings number of specific problems, ranging from the extreme bandwidth and the associated problems of the modulation format and pulse shape, channel parametrisation (synchronisation) impact, extremely high data rates and also relatively short propagation distances. The subtask will cover the following specific areas: Fundamental limits of the multi-source/node aware modulation and coding in UWB scenario; Design of the modulation and coding for hierarchical processing with partial/imperfect side information; Hierarchical demodulation, decoding and signal processing in parametric UWB environment. T2.4.3: Multiple Antennas and Beamforming In a cognitive radio scenario, the use of multiple antennas can improve the robustness of UWB system to interference, and/or can be used to reduce the amount of UWB interference towards non-UWB devices. On the other hand, once the interferer is located through the discovery of the spatial distribution of interferers, it is possible to perform array beamforming to reject the interference coming from a particular direction. The location of the node, a prediction of its movement, together with the information of the radio interference map can then be used to design an efficient virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beamforming, with the co-operation transmission amongst the multiple radiating nodes oriented to one direction, which also represents an original research direction in the context of UWB. Furthermore, in this subrtask, the MIMO paradigm will include the hierarchical network aware multi-source/node coding schemes investigated in T2.4.2. Task 2.5: Networking Co-operation and Negotiation [M01M30] The goal of this task is to build models of cognitive behaviour and operation for a group of distributed CR-UWB nodes. Each UWB node has a cognitive engine, which can take decisions that are optimal or acceptable from the perspective of the affected network segment that involves a group of UWB nodes. The engines decisions result in configuration commands, targeted to the radio parameters and algorithms. The impact of the configuration decisions is reflected on a fitness function that indicates the quality of the decisions. In principle, the fitness function will have relative weights for the different decision variables. The weights will be context-dependent, e.g. related to
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time, location, nodes in the environment, etc. In principle, the strategies should be as distributed and local as possible, while being targeted to leading the network segment to optimal performance. Strategies with different volumes of node interaction will be developed. One of the other primary research themes will be game theory and machine learning, in order to design cognitive UWB nodes able to operate autonomously, with little or no interaction between them. Furthermore, the research will also address the development of protocols for the conflict-solving negotiation between nodes. Task 2.6: Concepts for Cognitive Signalling [M04M40] In this task cognitive concepts using signalling over the air will be investigated and evaluated. Here the cognitive pilot channel will guide the way towards a co-operative coexistence between UWB and future wireless systems. The UWB cognitive control unit can be seen as a enhanced concept of using UWB as the control entity in future enhanced multimode/multiband devices. T2.6.1: Cognitive Pilot Channel This task will be devoted to exploiting the concept of CPC in order to facilitate coexistence of CR-enabled devices with heterogeneous networks. The CPC may be carried by a dedicated sub-band to be agreed upon with a wide basis of wireless standards and initiatives. In particular, within EUWB it is planned to co-ordinate and leverage on the outcome of the IEEE P.1900/SCC41 initiatives, as proposed by the E2R (end-to-end re-configurability) consortium, in order to ensure future interoperability. The detection results, which regard to frequency bands, services, location situation, etc., can be broadcast to other wireless networks or terminals via CPC. With such information, terminals can initiate a communication session in an optimised way, taking advantage of situation and location information. In particular, since under DSA, due to dynamic relocation mechanisms, terminals do not know the available spectrum, it is more critical to adopt cognitive UWB pilot channel to broadcast such information to terminals who want to set up a communication session. In this task, we will define in detail: The physical features of broadcast signals, including data rate, modulation, coding, etc. The MAC data-frame structure. We plan to define two frame headers: one used for other wireless networks or terminals to access the Cognitive Pilot Channel to obtain the time, location and frequency information, to realise the harmless coexistence; and another one for the intra-network coexistence, allowing, for instance, a LDR-UWB device to get information on the existence of a HDR-UWB system. The procedure for using the CPC will include the following phases: The wireless network/terminal first listen to the CPC at the initialisation; The wireless network/terminal gets the information and selects the most suitable one to set up its communications; The CPC is broadcast to a wide area, e.g. PAN. Furthermore, a novel concept of a Distributed Cognitive Pilot Channel (DCPC) is proposed by WRC that extends the CPC concept. The DCPC is distributed in the sense that there is no central manager responsible for managing the CPC content. In this task, the DCPC architecture will be defined. Furthermore, the communication mechanisms for DCPC will be elaborated. In principle, there are three possibilities how status information can be communicated through the network: Communication via Air Interfaces (AI) (physical); Communication via IP channels (logical); Combination of the two aforementioned aspects (physical/logical). An AI approach is the assignment of a fixed channel to the DCPC. A logical DCPC approach is based on inband transmission on a per-hop basis. This approach does not necessarily require overall network synchronisation but rather synchronisation between directly communicating nodes. In order to gather the whole network status information, the starting node must receive this information from the end node again. T2.6.2: CR-UWB Based Control Unit This task will investigate the use of a CR-UWB device as the control unit, wherever multiple air interfaces are colocated, to take over the usage of different communication modes in a device, thus providing control mechanisms and smooth operation modes for all devices under restricted conditions like in an aircraft or in hospitals. By doing so, the interference can be limited and the operation of the different devices can be optimised in the sense of performance. In this subtask, distributed CPC concepts are applied to ECMA-368 WiMedia UWB devices. The DCPC algorithms and concepts can be used to optimise the useful bandwidth provided by locally deployed ECMA-368 networks in the presence of multiple competing applications and in the presence of frequency-overlapped radios such as 3G, 4G, WiMax. The information provided by the DCPC can be used by the deployed devices to determine channel selections for ECMA-368 devices.
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Task 2.7: Experimental Cognitive Radio Test-bed [M12M40] This task is intended to test and validate the basic CR functions, namely spectrum sensing, spectrum-agile waveform generation, interference mitigation and DAA (detect-and-avoid) mechanisms. A few cases studies in terms of coexistence will be analysed, comprising the coexistence between HDR-UWB WiMedia systems, based upon the MB-OFDM technology, and LDR-UWB IEEE 802.15.4a-compliant systems. Other relevant scenarios will be identified during the first phase of the project, in relation to specific applications. Furthermore, the concept of broadcast cognitive pilot channel and co-operation methods will be demonstrated, at least through networklevel simulations. Deliverables D2.1.1: Spectrum sensing and monitoring (M12) D2.1.2: MB-OFDM-based sniffer function (M18) D2.2.1: Interference definition and specification (M12) D2.2.2: Interferer identification algorithms (M24) D2.2.3: Interferer classification (M24) D2.3.1: Interferers localisation/tracking methods (M24) D2.3.2: Radio environment map (M40) D2.4.1: Requirements for UWB mitigation techniques (M04) D2.4.2: Interference mitigation techniques for IR UWB and OFDM UWB (M26) D2.4.3: Co-operative coding, modulation and power control strategies (M33) D2.4.4: Multiple antennas and beamforming algorithms (M33) D2.4.5: Multi-source/node distributed network coded modulation concepts, structures, algorithms and performance evaluation (M40) D2.5.1: Scenarios and requirements for networking co-operation/negotiation (M12) D2.5.2: Networking co-operation and negotiation algorithms (M30) D2.6.1: Cognitive signalling concepts scenarios and requirements (M12) D2.6.2: Solutions for the Cognitive Pilot Channel (M30) D2.6.3: CR-UWB based control unit (M40) D2.6.4 DCPC architecture, communication mechanisms and protocols (M40) D2.7.1: Architecture definition of CR experimental test-bed (M18) D2.7.2: Experimental cognitive radio test-bed (M40) Milestones M2.1: Selection of reference systems for identification and definition of interferers for LT purposes M2.2: Definition of spectrum sharing policies to be implemented at the network level M2.3: Test of basic cognitive radio functionalities M2.4: Performance evaluations and gains of the multi-source/node network coded modulation M2.5: DCPC communications mechanisms developed for UWB communication environment
(M12) (M24) (M33) (M40) (M40)
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WP number WP3 WP title Multiple Antenna UWB Systems Activity type RTD Participant (number) P06 P13 P19 P21 P07 Participant (short name) CEA LUH VTT UNIBO UIL PM per participant 14 69 12 29 87 Task Start End PM T3.1 M01 M27 47 12 6 29 T3.2 M01 M27 22 22 T3.3 M01 M40 80 35 6 39 T3.4 M19 M40 62 14 18 30
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Objectives The main objective of this work package is to allow for innovations, evaluation of multiple antenna specific algorithms and verification of enhanced implementation solutions developed within the EUWB project. In detail this work package has the objective to: Identify and provide system concepts, requirements and measurement set-ups for certain application environments, in particular for MIMO-UWB in home environment, MIMO-UWB in automotive environment, and MIMO-UWB in public transport; Provide a MIMO-UWB test-bed for evaluation and verification of specific multiple antenna algorithms and system designs. Evolve this initial test-bed to allow the study of multi-user and interfering scenarios by providing access to the real MIMO channel; Develop application-aware algorithms to enable link quality improvement, range extension, and multi-user enhancements, so as to exploit the benefits offered by the multiple antenna technology; Develop implementation-aware algorithms and system design to solve the challenges arising from various application-oriented solutions. Evaluate the HW implementation aspects of certain MIMO-UWB functions and optimise system design; Perform resource evaluation and validate certain multiple antenna solutions via prototyping approaches; Deliver input documents for oncoming MIMO-UWB regulation and standardisation activities. Description of Work Task 3.1: System Concepts and Requirements for Scenarios [M01M27] The following application oriented topics have been identified as inputs to the definition of system concepts and requirements: UWB in the public transport; UWB in the automotive environment; UWB in the home environment. This task has as input the application requirements and scenarios description defined in D8x.1 and D8x.2 from WP8 UWB Application (public transport/automotive/home). Output Deliverable D3.1.1 will serve as updated MIMO requirements for WP7 and WP8. T3.1.1: Requirements and Scenarios for MIMO-UWB In this sub-task the requirements and solutions for the different application-oriented system concepts will be identified and/or developed, and fed to the following tasks. Also the definition of specific environments, set-ups for measurements and interfaces will take place here. T3.1.2: Application-specific MIMO-UWB Channel Models and Theoretical Limits The definition of application-specific MIMO-UWB channel models for the different scenarios will include: Review of the recent literature on the subject and of the results/measurements available, including the recent developments presented in other projects and COST European initiatives; Definition of a set of channel models describing spatial and temporal correlation in MIMO-UWB for all the application scenarios;
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Definition of possible measurements/ray-tracing set-up that could be explored (not here) to test/validate the models. MIMO-UWB theoretical limits: Investigation on the theoretical limits for MIMO-UWB, assuming capacity achieving transmission techniques, but on the realistic channel models for the home environment, automotive environment and public transport scenarios, as by previous tasks, which includes spatial and temporal correlations in a multi-user scenario. The work is aiming to find, on the realistic channel models: the ultimate range extension obtainable with MIMO-UWB for the applications of interest; the role of channel state information on the MIMOUWB capacity including information on positions and angle of arrivals; the ultimate increase in interference rejection obtainable with MIMO-UWB in the multi-user scenario which includes an analyse of spatial separation/ beamforming techniques for directional interference suppression. The interference considered will comprise both wideband and narrowband. Application-specific MIMO-UWB channel measurements and parameter extraction: Objective of this activity is to perform measurements of MIMO UWB channels considering different measurement scenarios. Generic measurement scenarios to be considered are: Distributed systems in indoor environments (sensor networks); Automotive scenario (public transport private transport); Residential environments (security, intelligent home, home environment). Measurements of radio channels will be performed with the MIMO UWB real-time sounder provided as an output from the previous PULSERS phases. Task 3.2: Set-up of a MIMO-UWB Test-bed for Research and Evaluation of Algorithms [M01M27] Test-beds give a fundamental insight into the practical impacts of advances in research and provide an important tool to verify the results of model-based algorithm system designs. In order to simplify the access to the real MIMO-UWB channel a common MIMO-UWB test-bed as well an easyto-use interface to MATLAB and to a full-featured system simulator will be set up. We further aim to provide access via internet to all partners. This task has as input the application requirements and scenarios description defined in D8x.1 and D8x.2 from WP8 UWB application (public transport/automotive/home). Output Deliverables D3.2.x will serve as updated MIMO requirements for WP7 and MIMO-UWB scenarios for WP8, WP2 and WP4. T3.2.1: Initial Set-up of 24 MIMO-UWB Test-bed An initial 24 MIMO-UWB test-bed will be based on the following measurement equipment: 2-channel arbitrary waveform generator (Tektronix AWG7102) with an analog signal bandwidth of 5.8 GHz; 4-channel digital storage oscilloscope (Tektronix DPO71604) with an analog bandwidth of 16 GHz and a sampling rate of 50 GS/s per channel. on specialised RF hardware and UWB antennas. T3.2.2: Evolved Set-up: 44 Test-bed, Ability to Split Up in Other Combinations (Multi-user, Interferers) An evolution of this test-bed towards 44 MIMO UWB will be implemented by a further Arbitrary Waveform Generator. This evolved test-bed can be divided into smaller configurations (224) and will therefore allow the study of multi-user scenarios and interferers by providing access to the real multi-user MIMO-UWB channel. The obtained knowledge will be further used in T3.4 in order to verify certain MIMO-UWB features. The test-bed itself can be later used as reference for other feature verification and/or platform-based activities within EUWB. Task 3.3: Application-aware Algorithms and System Design [M01M40] The challenges facing wireless transfer and display of high definition (HD) content has been increasingly the focus of many players in the field. This is due to the steady growth of high definition (HD) displays and other CE devices capable of handling HD video and audio content at home. Parallel to this is the ever increasing availability of HD content either through various mediums or broadcast channels. In the CE domain the application of UWB technology has enabled wireless transfer of HD content to be achieved between two devices over short distances (mainly in-room). The main challenge remaining is to ensure the quality and integrity of the content given variations in the radio environment and overcoming the problem of human shadowing once the range is extended. It is therefore necessary that new techniques are employed to enhance the robustness and range over which high definition content can be accessed without perceptible change in quality. On the other hand as HD content becomes more portable the distribution of such contents over multiple sources or sinks becomes more desirable. Point-to-multipoint and multipoint-to-point scenarios need to be considered and appropriate solutions provided. Furthermore, it has to be noted that the rights management and content security over the wireless link are among some of the most critical areas that need to be properly addressed if the
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technology is to support scenarios beyond point-to-point applications. Using multiple antennas at both transmit and receive sides of the UWB link has the potential to improve the quality and reliability of the wireless link as well as improving the service range. Additionally, these techniques combined, could open up new possibilities for further innovation in the areas of spectral and spatially aware systems that are the basis of cognitive radios. From the regulatory and standardisation point of view, the developed test-bed should be compliant with the FCC/ ETSI radio transmission regulations. The objective of this task is to exploit the potential features offered by combining UWB and the multi antenna technology to e.g. home environment applications within residential environments. To ensure the re-use of certain common functions and implementations, we propose the use of common tools. Beside MATLAB for algorithm design and performance assessment, a full-featured system simulator, e.g. CoCentric System Studio, is required to combine the strength of all partners, to provide some flexibility in the task assignments and to assist the cooperation within the development. This task has as input the application requirements and scenarios description defined in D8x.1 and D8x.2 from WP8 UWB application (public transport/automotive/home). Output Deliverables D3.3x will serve as system reference documents for WP8. T3.3.1: Extremely High Data Rate (EHDR) This sub-task aims to improve the spectral efficiency of UWB communications with help of multiple antennas in such a way that EHDR with an order of 34 Gbit/s over short distances of 13 m becomes possible. T3.3.2: Link Quality Enhancements and Range Extension for VHDR (Innovative and Standard Modification) The multiple antenna technology allows enhancements of the link quality and a range extension for todays VHDR communications. Aim is to develop solutions in accordance with current standards and specifications, and to study the theoretical and practical limits. Special focus will be paid on antenna (group) selection/combining schemes, beamforming and space time frequency coding techniques. T3.3.3: Multi-user Enhancements for VHDR, e.g. SDMA, beamforming This sub-task has the objective to allow and enhance the simultaneous and efficient operation of multiple UWB devices in a close area such as a room, office, etc. Interference mitigation methods and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) are quite relevant. Aim is to develop solutions in accordance with current standards and specifications, and to study the theoretical and practical limits. Time-Reversal techniques used with UWB bandwidth promise pin-point focussing of transmit power on the receivers location, resulting in higher SNR at reception with simple receivers and better localisation in cooperative set-ups. This results in link quality enhancements and possible range extension. Advantages of the proposed approach: A new approach to avoidance (DAA): not to blank frequencies already in use but direct Tx power away; Potential for simpler UWB receiver structures (no RAKE or equaliser); Fast, robust and accurate localisation in multipath. Our goal is to determine performance of UWB TR focussing under ideal and non-ideal circumstances (interference, bad SNR); test algorithms under controlled but realistic conditions (measured channels); determine gain from TR for avoidance, equalisation, and localisation all with the motivation to enhance the link quality of multiple users. T3.3.4: Impacts on Standardisation and Regulation The objective of this sub-task is to evaluate the impact of developed MIMO-UWB specific application-algorithm and system design on forthcoming MIMO UWB regulation standardisation activities, and deliver the system reference documents and recommendations. Task 3.4: Implementation-aware Algorithms and System Design [M19M40] The solutions developed in the different working areas of Task 3.3 will point out certain implementation challenges. The objective of T3.4 is to solve these challenges and to go further steps towards implementation based on DSPs, FPGAs or innovative array processors. This task has as input the platform requirements and specification defined in D7.1.x from WP7 Open Technology Platforms. Output deliverables D3.4.x will serve as updated requirements and system reference documents for WP7, and as white papers for WP9 Regulation and Standardisation. T3.4.1: Prediction of Resource Evaluation for Certain Multi-antenna Solutions via Prototyping Approaches Prototyping with hardware verification is an important part of the research work towards consolidated products. This is mainly due to the fact that theoretical or simulation results cannot completely verify specific real-world phenomena. The argument applies especially for MIMO systems with UWB antenna array characteristics since
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several real world impacts are usually not addressed in simplified models, e.g. antenna coupling. The task is thus devoted to activities in which selected features of MIMO-UWB concepts are examined in implementation level. The main anticipated focus will be on physical layer aspects and target to high data rate applications keeping in mind the real-time limitations of available hardware components. The required inputs from other tasks of the WP include the specification of high level requirements, algorithms and desired features which are to be verified. The implementation consists of several stages including digital baseband development, analog front-end development, interfacing design and finally the device integration. T3.4.2: Transceiver Architectures and Impact Analysis of HW Effects The goal of this activity is first to study and propose active beamforming transceiver architectures for UWB in the high band. This includes a simultaneous optimisation of the antenna network, e.g. 2 or 4 elements, the active RF devices and their control signals. The task mostly consists in simulation and characterisation of the proposed scheme at the component level and includes a comparison with passive beamforming through commutation. The comparison will be realised thanks to an evaluation at link level of the proposed scheme. The objective is to develop a new transceiver architecture which allows beamforming thanks to the combination of the signal of multiple transceivers in multiple antennas. The obtained directivity will be straightforwardly useful to improve the link budget especially at high frequencies. The basic approach is to use multiple transmitter and multiple antennas. The transmitted signal is controlled in phase and in amplitude to obtain a directive emission. This allows decreasing the required maximum output voltage at chip level thereby reducing technology limitations. It can be also used at the receiver level. The control can be obtained at the mixer level. Size reduction for efficient UWB antennas being a key challenge, such an approach is intended for medium to high end devices (terminals) for which, especially, size is less limited, thus enabling efficient antenna arrays. For low end devices, reconfigurable antennas of smaller size and reduced directivity capabilities embedding the antenna control elements are intended to be developed as well. No RF active devices (such as amplifiers and mixers) are included in this case, and the antennas design is limited to architectures and performance expectations through simulations. The required inputs are mainly a Technology design kit (available at CEA Lti) and directional channel characterisations (expected to be available through PULSERS Phase II, EUWB or other sources). The expected outcomes are an architecture description, simulation results, capability and performance description as well as a comparison with other solutions, an antenna array realisation, an antenna architecture and simulation results showing the antenna reconfiguration capabilities. Deliverables D3.1.1: Definition of system concepts, requirements and application scenarios (M06) D3.1.2a/b: Applic.-specific MIMO-UWB channel measurements and parameter extraction (initial/final) (M09/M15) D3.1.3: Application-specific channel modelling with spatial and temporal correlation analysis of the theoretical limits of MIMO-UWB (M09) D3.2.1: Definition of the initial set-up of a 24 MIMO test-bed (M12) D3.2.2: Definition of the evolved set-up of a 44 MIMO test-bed for multi-user/interferer scenarios (M27) D3.3.1: Application-aware algorithm and system design for extremely high data rates (M40) D3.3.2: Application-aware algorithm and system design for link quality enhancements and range extension for VHDR (M40) D3.3.3: Application-aware algorithm and system design for multi-user enhancements for VHDR (M40) D3.4.1: Resource evaluation and prediction of multiple antenna solutions via prototyping (M40) D3.4.2: Impact analysis of HW effects on implementation and system design of MAS (M40) Milestones M3.1: Applic. specific channel model requirements and practical requirements for specific MAS scen. (M06) M3.2: Initial 24 MIMO UWB test-bed for research and evaluation of algorithms (M12) M3.3: Evolved 44 MIMO UWB test-bed for research and evaluation of algorithms for multi-user/interferer scenarios (M27) M3.4: System-level simulators a) EHDR b) VHDR (M40)
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WP number WP4 WP title UWB Enabled Advanced Location Tracking Activity type RTD P06 P07 P15 P16 P19 P20 Participant (number) P09 Participant (short name) CEA LUH CWC UZ ACO UNIBO UDE 16 16 37 18 16 20 PM per participant 76 Task Start End PM 667 T4.1 M01 M30 16 4 32 3 T4.2 M01 M18 37 11 6 6 14 485 T4.3 M13 M30 2 10 18 1 T4.4 M07 M30 49 5 16 12 16 T4.5 M13 M40 31 12 4 15
Start date End date Total PM P21 P25 UIL BITG 32 10 14 7
M01 M40 2341
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Objectives The objective of this WP is to investigate novel and advanced LT solution for wireless networks characterised by both static and dynamic scenarios. In particular, the research will cover the development of advanced LT techniques to be applied under non-ideal conditions for either Localisation or Tracking. The algorithm will be designed to provide a simultaneous solution for localisation and tracking. The trajectory of the mobiles will be recovered by exploiting fixed nodes while, the mobile nodes will be used to obtain more information and improve the overall accuracy. Conditions such as source dynamics (mobility), heterogeneity of information (ranging, angle, signal strength, etc), scale, spatial distribution (non-uniformity, variability, etc.), outage (packet loss, activity factor, fading, etc.), and computational complexity are some of the issues to be addressed in this WP. Case studies of novel communication system concepts with location awareness will also be dealt with. The WP will also investigate, at both theoretical and practical levels, ways to enhance communications systems via location awareness. In particular, theoretical and practical research related to the development and testing of methods for acquisition, dissemination, and usage of location information will be conducted, in light of the LT engine developed as outlined above. Finally, case studies of novel communication system concepts with location awareness will also be dealt with. The activities of WP4 have the objectives of: Providing methods and innovative approaches to acquire and disseminate data using location information in large networks with low traffic overhead. Adapting the UWB platforms to support location based applications. Evaluating the feasibility of location capabilities in HDR-UWB platforms, i.e. WiMedia. Providing theoretical and practical studies on the limits of communication systems with location awareness. Providing algorithms/strategies to support mobility and location awareness in heterogeneous networks. Description of Work Task 4.1: Development of Advanced Localisation and Tracking Algorithms [M01M30] This task concerns the development of advanced localisation and tracking (LT) algorithms. Based on the scenario definition and the requirements provided by the different LT based applications envisioned in WP8, this task will provide soft and harmonised solutions for mixed dynamic-static scenarios. Such a concept is a new challenge since the state-of-the-art asserts dedicated/separated solutions for the two problems. Furthermore, adaptations on SOTA algorithms will be made and new algorithms for radio-aided inertial navigation will be developed. This development will be performed in the context of UWB application scenarios. LT engines based on a simultaneous localisation and tracking algorithm may use mobile nodes to increase the diversity of information and to improve the overall performance even in presence of harsh environments. Therefore, an algorithm capable of efficiently embedding the localisation and tracking functionalities into a unique LT engine able to estimate the static object locations with higher accuracy, to use mobile targets as virtual nodes and to track their trajectories is needed.
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Another novel aspect of the LT applications is related to the problem of estimating the position of objects exploiting passive information coming from a UWB signal. Passive localisation and the reconstruction of propagation environments by UWB nodes is based on object detection and imaging. Such a technique will be a complementary approach to the classical active vision of localisation and tracking solutions, since the targets will not be active and therefore there is no need to send/receive packets. Extending what is mentioned above further, a challenging problem to be tackled is the integration of the previous techniques into a unique algorithm, able to represent a soft-solution to any type of environment and applications. Considering large-scale heterogeneous networks, the need to fuse and jointly exploit the diversity of all the information available (angle, distance, power, etc.) becomes apparent. Such a need demands types of enhanced LTalgorithms, that are capable of an efficient data-fusion processing. The use of different parameters (TOA/TDOA, AOA, RSSI, etc.) into the LT engine could improve the accuracy of the position and provide further information about the environment. Moreover, specifications of the advanced LT algorithms will be revised and consequently upgraded to exploit advantages of trajectory reconstruction provided by inertial navigation as investigated by BITG. The same approach will also be applied in passive localisation. In order to accomplish the proposed targets, it is foreseen that tools such as collaborative signal processing algorithms, random-set theory, clusterisation, graph-theory and data-fusion will be studied, used and developed within the work of this task. Task 4.2: Data Acquisition and Dissemination for/using Location Information [M01M18] This task will introduce new methods for the dissemination and acquisition of information in a Location Aware fashion. Routing, relaying and data fusion are the keywords to be addressed in light of the knowledge of the location of the transceivers in the system. The outcomes will be the definition of a co-ordination mechanisms for both centralised and/or distributed networks, allowing first the collection of information relevant to localisation, followed by its transport and distribution. Some of the innovative concepts that are foreseen to be used in finding the solutions are co-operative relaying networks (with a link to UWB-MIMO and Cognitive Radio), and smart distributed virtual multi-antenna systems in static and/or dynamic scenarios. Different co-ordination schemes and information exchange protocols among the entities involved should be studied. Both centralised and distributed mechanisms can be considered. Concerning the former, a central server is responsible for collecting all the information about the distances (polling), while for the latter solution every node has to periodically update its localisation information. Likewise, similar studies will be conducted in the problem of using location information at the acquisition and dissemination of information rather than that relevant to the localisation problem. Another important aspect is the impact that the information required to extract the positioning information has on the available network resources. The amount of information, and consequently the refreshing rate required to achieve accurate position estimates should be studied. Furthermore, an analysis of the generated traffic load to correctly dimension the wideband access network to support the proposed location service should be carried out. Both solutions based on iterative and non-iterative algorithms should be studied in order to solve the trade-off between the acquisition speed and the complexity of the implementation. Task 4.3: Implementation and Evaluation of Algorithms in the Platforms [M13M30] This task will concerns the work of implementation of the LT algorithms on hardware platforms for the case of using LDR and for the case of using HDR platform as well as for the hybrid case. This work will require improvement in the software as well as in the network layer in order to allow data collection and mobility management and will encompass additional temporal position and orientation information from inertial navigation, provided by BITG. Feedback to WP7 on possible requirements for additional hooks in the HW for improvement of location accuracy is an important early output. The feasibility of passive localisation (room dimension and human location co-ordinates) capabilities for HDR-UWB and LDR-UWB systems will be verified in order to ensure applicability in WP8c, where various cases of distribution of UWB nodes are considered. Finally, the various modes along with the algorithms for the inertial navigation will be implemented and tested to be transferred and integrated in WP8a and WP8c, respectively. Additional investigation will be performed on results of WP3, WP4, and WP6, which will identify the advantages from the knowledge of node orientation in 3D space. Task 4.4: Impact of Localisation Information on Communication Systems [M07M30] This task is oriented to theoretical and practical considerations on the localisation and tracking algorithm performance and the impact of location information over a communication system. Starting from the problem of identification of locatable networks, the task will aim at the theoretical definition of bounds for the localisation error. The error analysis will be based, for instance, on the Cramer-Rao lower bound or on improved bounds such as the Ziv-Zakai lower bound derived in ideal and non-ideal conditions. The non-ideal analysis will be aided by
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measurement in real scenarios (if available).The task will also aim at the theoretical investigation of minimal computational complexity and maximum supported mobility of a localising and tracking system. Another important aspect is the theoretical investigation of the impact of location awareness and interference distribution (linked to CR cluster) on the channel capacity, for MIMO-UWB communication systems. This tasks will require inputs from other tasks in WP2 and in WP4, namely T2.1, T2.2, T4.1, T4.2 and T4.3 while the outputs of this task are provided in particular to the WP2, WP6, WP8 and WP9, namely T2.3, T6.3, T8c.2 and T9.3. The relation is explained more detailed in the inter-WP cluster description. Task 4.5: Study of New System Concepts with Location Awareness [M13M40] This task will provide new concepts for radio resources management with location awareness in wireless/cellular networks. Algorithms/strategies to support and use mobility will be objectives of the research in the task, and the outcome results will find immediate allocation within Heterogeneous Access NW cluster where the management of the location-context is considered. An envisaged enhancement could be useful, for instance, in the following handover situation where the prediction of the mobility can allow a better and more reliable maintenance of the connection over different networks. Deliverables D4.1.1: Initial LT algorithms (M12) D4.1.2a/b: Enhanced LT algorithms with heterogeneous information (initial/final) (M24/M30) D4.2.1: Initial development of dissemination methods and evaluation (M12) D4.2.2: Enhanced dissemination methods and evaluation (M18) D4.3.1: Evaluation of requirements for the LT engine implementation (LDR and HDR platforms) (M16) D4.3.2a: Implementation of the enhanced LT engine with mobility management (LDR and HDR) (initial) (M18) D4.3.2b: Implementation of the enhanced LT engine with mobility management (LDR and HDR) (final) (M30) D4.4.1a/b: Analysis of the impact of the location information on communication systems (initial/final) (M12/M24) D4.4.2: Analysis of the impact of location and mobility information on communication systems (M30) D4.5.1: Analysis of location awareness in wireless/cellular networks (M15) D4.5.2a/b: Algorithms and strategies for communication systems with location awareness (initial/final) (M24/M40) Milestones M4.1: Preliminary study on the theoretical limits of localisation and communication (M12) M4.2: a) Algorithms to support mobility and improve QoS (M18) b) Preliminary techniques for communication based on location awareness (M18) c) Implementation and verification of preliminary LT engine and/or key blocks (M18) M4.3: a) Enhanced localisation and tracking engine with heterogeneous information (M24) b) Analysis of theoretical limits for localisation and communication under non-ideal conditions (M24) M4.4: Advanced solutions for LT engines and location aware communication systems with relative limits (Enhanced localisation and tracking engine based on passive and active methods Advanced techniques for communication based on location awareness Extended analysis of the theoretical localisation and communication limits to the application scenarios Enhanced algorithms to support mobility and improve QoS) (M36)
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WP number WP5 WP title UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation Activity type RTD Participant (number) P04 P10 P12 P14 P16 P17 P03 Participant (short name) WIS ACO TESUK TESD PHI EADS THA PM per participant 8 7 10 10 15 34 76 Task Start End PM T5.1 M01 M06 8 1 2 1 1 3 T5.2 M04 M36 95 33 6 4 9 10 33 T5.3 M06 M40 57 15 42
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Objectives This work package has the objective to provide enhanced UWB platforms in terms of throughput and flexibility by introducing multimode and multiband architectures. In detail the objectives are: The multiplexing features required to make the most optimal use of the differing radio technologies for service discovery, dynamic QoS management and power optimisations to make most efficient use of battery life are not yet standardised for Bluetooth v3.0 hybrid radio devices. It is therefore a key objective of this work package to investigate techniques that may be supported by the convergence layer and MAC software subcomponents, leading to the development of a prototyping environment that can profile concurrent low and high data rate applications over the hybrid Bluetooth 2.4 GHz and WiMedia UWB radio system. It is general understanding also by Bluetooth community that the UWB (WiMedia) PHY should provide the benefits of the larger throughput but in the same time ensure the down compatibility. Developing a VHDR UWB system which is using the broad bandwidth internationally available in the 60 GHz range in order to enable new killer applications, like half a meter ultra fast data transfers. Investigates a combination of a UWB radio technology with future radios operating in the 60 GHz range, by somehow reusing existing channel structures, existing basics of the MAC, and exploring adaptations and enhancements required to provide benefits in specific application scenarios. The multiband/multimode operation is not intended as a mere bridging application from one physical layer to another, but rather a combination of multiple or similar physical layers with different capabilities to support differing requirements for multiple applications. Demonstration and verification of the advantages of UWB multimode/multiband systems. Description of Work Task 5.1: Definition of Application and System Requirements for Multimode/Multiband Radios [M01M06] T5.1.1: Definition of Multimode/Multiband Application Scenario and Basic Requirements For WP5 there have been identified two application areas, namely public transport and home environment. In this task dedicated scenarios for multimode/multiband operation will be chosen, where especial benefits of the multimode/multiband operation may clearly outlined. This includes also an outlook on envisioned net topologies, density of users and roughly expected channel propagation. Dependent on the scenarios, the investigations shall indicate requirement like QoS, throughput and range, which will serve as an input for the architecture deployments in T5.2.1 and T5.2.2. T5.1.2: Solution for Multimode UWB PHY Layer in Major Frequency Ranges (2.4, 310 and 5964 GHz) This task is a visibility study on how to employ typical platforms without significant modifications in an UWB multimode/multiband system in order to make maximum reuse of the outcome of PULSERS Phase II and state-ofthe-art radios. Potential PHY solutions will be proposed for the two platforms which are envisioned in this work package, a HDR/Bluetooth hybrid radio on one hand, and a VHDR/60 GHz multiband radio at the other. In particular, VHDR capability in the 10 GHz range will be investigated to provide an IF solution for 60 GHz systems. This includes also and channel raster proposal for channel bundling the PHY in 60 GHz range. Optionally, features of mapping data of LDR to HDR PHY will be explored. For Bluetooth connectivity it has to be investigated, whether existing Bluetooth and WiMedia Development kits might be used to provide a Bluetooth v3.0 demonstrator without excessive HW integration efforts.
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Task 5.2: Specification and Development of Multimode/Multiband Architecture [M04M36] T5.2.1: Bluetooth/WiMedia Connectivity T5.2.1a: Multiplexing and Switching Strategies This task shall investigate the options for multiplexing the control and data paths in a Bluetooth v3.0 system. As such, the task will take the deliverables from PULSERS Phase II WP2a and the latest state-of-the-art specification and will identify opportunities to optimise and extend the integration of the WPAN profile layer in the following areas: Identify service discovery optimisations for multiple application scenarios using the hybrid radio architecture; Analyse and develop strategies for i) dynamic QoS management within a hybrid radio architecture and ii) power optimisations based on rate, range, and link quality; Analyse and develop a profile software architecture that can support the demonstration of concurrent use of a low data rate application using the Bluetooth v2.4 radio, e.g. voice, and a high data rate application using a WiMedia UWB radio, e.g. AV streaming; Investigate options for creating a prototype environment that would use commercially available Bluetooth and UWB radio platforms to simulate a hybrid radio system and provide a verification and prototype environment for T5.2.1b. The deliverable from this task will be a specification that will identify the implementation and verification options for T5.2.1b. T5.2.1b: Multimode/Multisystem Convergence Layer/MAC architectures Taking the deliverable from T5.2.1a, this task shall implement the software sub-components to prototype support for multiple concurrent applications in a hybrid radio system, with a focus on verification of the service discovery optimisations, dynamic QoS management strategies and the power optimisation strategies defined in deliverable T5.2.1a. The task shall make maximum re-use of the software modelling and development environment created for PULSERS Phase II WP2a, but will clearly focus on the extension of the existing software sub-system to implement the features identified in T5.2.1a. Integration of a WiMedia compliant radio platform will be a clear hardware differentiation from the PULSERS Phase II WP2a system, and it is expected that a replacement for the VHDR platform can be procured or provided by a project partner. T5.2.2: High End VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz Multiband Radio T5.2.2a: Multiplexing and Switching Strategies Based on the results of WP5.1, in this WP one or more multiplexing and switching strategies will be proposed and analysed. The PHY of the WiMedia device will be enhanced in such a way that it will provide all necessary functionality to the multimode MAC in the following areas: Identify service discovery optimisations for multiple application scenarios using the hybrid radio architecture; Analyse and develop strategies for i) dynamic QoS management within a hybrid radio architecture and ii) power optimisations based on rate, range, and link quality; Identify the dependencies from coexistence with LDR ranging systems. Interface definition to a resource managing unit which might be controlling VHDR/LDR interactions. T5.2.2b: Multimode/Multiband PAL/MAC Architectures In this sub-task, the multimode MAC will be defined and implemented. The present MAC of the used WiMedia device will be enhanced in such a way, that it can be used to communicate over the WiMedia radio but also in the VHDR frequency range with optional bundling of channels. T5.2.2c: Multimode/Multiband BB and RF Architecture An enhanced BB/RF architecture shall be proposed and developed for VHDR transmission. This will follow two approaches: Up/down conversion from WiMedia UWB signal below 10 GHz to/from the 60 GHz band; Multiple bundling of WiMedia channels in the 60 GHz band possibly enabling data rates towards 10 Gbit/s. This includes also a dynamic generation of multiple carrier frequency in WiMedia channel spacing. Both architectures will be verified by system simulations in a manner that the results may be extrapolated to QoS indications. PHY interfaces have to be defined and BB/MAC information that is used for RF controlling in multimode operations have to be identified. The outcome shall be a detailed system specification that will be implemented in T5.3. Strong interaction with the WP7 (platform) is needed in the entire T5.2.2.
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Task 5.3: VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz Multiband Verification Platform [M06M40] T5.3.1: Specification of Verification Platform Depending on the progress of technology and platform development decision will be made for which subset of the system to be developed in T5.2.2 will be implemented. A verification platform must be defined which enables the demonstration of a UWB (V)HDR data transmission in the 60 GHz range. The platform may show a limited set of features and functionalities compared to the system envisioned in T5.2.2, e.g. only one or two instead of eight WiMedia channels will be implemented in the 60 GHz band, but shall allow result extrapolation to a fully functional system. The required modifications on standard MAC and BB portion will be defined. Especially for interface specifications strong interaction with WP8 is needed in order to allow future system integration into the applications demonstrator. T5.3.2: Implementation of Enhancements for WiMedia Platform Implementation of the enhanced PAL, MAC and BB specified in T5.3.1 on the existing WiMedia platform. Customising the RF portion of the WiMedia platform for the use within the Multiband system may include also HW redesign. The resulting prototype will firstly be verified as a stand alone WiMedia device operating in the frequency range below 10 GHz. Strong interaction with the WP7 will be needed. T5.3.3: Implantation of 60 GHz Front-end Verification Block including. Antenna The RF up/down converter proposed in T5.2.2c will be designed and prototyped. This includes circuit integration based on devices available from the semiconductor market or on own design. The second focus of this task is the design and prototyping of antennas in the 60 GHz range. Several approaches will be evaluated by electromagnetic simulation and prototyped if promising: Half sphere radiating chip antennas in SiGe technology; Omni-directional antennas on microwave PCB (printed circuit board) substrate; Very small high gain horn antennas for dedicated point to point applications. For second and third antenna type special attention has to places on the chip/board junction and the antenna feeding. T5.3.4: Integration and Test of Joint Verification Platform In this task the designed HW and SW sub-systems will be integrated to a single platform providing VHDR multiband operation. As such it will be transferred to the public transport application where it can be integrated to the demonstrator in coexistence with the LDR LT platform. Verification will be done as stand-alone device as well as within the application scenario. Deliverables D5.1: Application definition and system requirements for multimode/multiband radios (M06) D5.2.1: Study of multiplexing and switching strategies in Bluetooth v3.0 hybrid radio system and for VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio system (M09) D5.2.2: Development, implementation and verification of CL/MAC software sub-components (M33) D5.2.3: VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, system development PAL/MAC, BB, RF (M33) D5.3.1: VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, specification of verification block (M12) D5.3.2: VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, design of verification block enhanced WiMedia PHY, 60 GHz UWB front-end (M24) D5.3.3: VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio, verification of the integrated platform (M40) Milestones M5.1: Application definition and system proposal for multimode/multiband radios M5.2: Verification platform definition M5.3: Verification block prototypes ( transferred as initial platform to WP8) M5.4: Enhanced architecture for Bluetooth v3.0 hybrid radio system M5.5: Enhanced architecture for VHDR WiMedia/60 GHz multiband radio system M5.6: Demonstration of the integrated platform
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WP number WP6 WP title UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks Activity type RTD Participant (number) P12 P14 P15 P27 P11 Participant (short name) THA WIS UZ UPB TID PM per participant 30 11 44 8 73 Task Start End PM T6.1 M01 M37 46 15 6 10 15 T6.2 M01 M37 66 15 5 16 30 T6.3 M12 M40 546 18 8 28
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Objectives The main objective of this work package is the full integration of UWB technology in future heterogeneous networks. To achieve this challenge, the following targets are detailed: Development of multi-radio interface devices in order to provide the users with seamless broadband connectivity (using always the best connection); Development of access network equipment to offer seamless access from/to external networks in high data rate demanding scenarios (multimedia home networks, crowded hot-spots, ), as well as to provide radio access in picocells, belonging to the RAN of a heterogeneous network; To offer novel services to the customers taking advantage of the location and tracking capabilities provided by UWB technology. These new services will be very attractive for both operators and service providers. Studies of coexistence with future radio technologies: mitigation techniques and collaborative mechanisms. In this way, an efficient use of the spectrum will be guaranteed. In the description of the work to be performed within WP6, the WP results for the operators as well as the potential value of the results will be identified. Description of Work This work package has identified four fields for achieve a full integration of UWB technology in future heterogeneous networks: User devices; Access network equipment; Services based on location awareness; Coexistence. The general schedule within this work package will attend to two general steps for integrating UWB in heterogeneous networks. Firstly, first EUWB platforms (or commercial UWB if not available) will be ready at the beginning of the project and the target will be their integration with the state-of-the-art network technologies (HSPA, WiMAX, ADSL2+). Secondly, the focus will be on the inclusion of the advanced EUWB platforms in future or enhanced wireless networks (LTE). Task 6.1: UWB in Multi-radio Interface User Devices [M01M37] This task will be centred on the user devices. It can be split into two sub-tasks. The first one, T6.1.1, will be in charge of the definition, integration and test of a first family of multi-radio interface user devices developed from UWB devices already available in the beginning of the project. The second task, T6.1.2, will go further, integrating advanced UWB technology in the user terminals. T6.1.1: UWB Radios in Multi-radio Interface User Devices In a first phase, by the time of starting the project, first commercial UWB devices will be available (e.g. from WIS) and probably in the form of PCMCIA cards or USB dongles. The use of this kind of external interfaces will allow a quick development of interoperability solutions to be used as soon as these devices were launched to the market. The multi-radio interface device will provide always the best connection. Bearing this objective in mind, the activities to be performed within this sub-task are the following: Selection of HSPA/WiMAX user terminals; Study of off-the-shelf UWB devices;
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Support to the requirements specification for the EUWB platforms developed in WP7 that are planned to be used in T6.1.2; Specification of UWB integration, including innovative time sharing mechanisms between UWB and WiMAX radios; Development of first UWB integration (commercial devices) in HSPA/WiMAX user terminals; Evaluation and test of the developed multi-radio interface user devices. The output of this sub-task will be used in: T7.1.1a: Research and Consolidation of Application Requirements (LDR-LT); T7.1.2a: Research and Consolidation of Application Requirements ((V)HDR). Thanks to the UWB integration in users devices (higher layer integration), the operator will always be able to provide the user with the best connection, increasing the customers satisfaction. In this way, the UWB link would be used when the device is in the range of an UWB access point, otherwise the other wider range, but lower data rate, technology would be used. T6.1.2: Advanced UWB Radios in Multi-radio Interface User Devices In a second phase, the objective is the integration of advanced UWB radio access inside the users devices. This integrated solution will allow going further in novel interoperable scenarios. It is expected to utilise the final version of the EUWB platforms developed in WP7. The steps to be followed in order to fulfil the goal of this subtask are as follows: Study of advanced UWB devices enabled by WP7 technology; Specification of those advanced UWB devices integration into user devices; Development of specified devices and integration in the user terminals (if feasible); Evaluation and test of the new advanced multi-radio interface user devices. This sub-task expects the input from WP7, namely from T7.1.1b for LDR-LT and from T7.1.2b for HDR in terms of specification of feasibility of the technology platforms and from T7.4 in terms of the platforms themselves and the accompanying support service. This more integrated solution described in T6.1.2 would allow going further in the interoperability issue, as new interesting scenarios not only for the users, but also for the operators will be faced. This kind of devices could automatically use in a smart way both interfaces to aggregate data rates with 3.5G neighbours, for example, enabling the download of movies at very high data rate. Task 6.2: UWB in Access Network Equipment [M01M37] In this task the main focus will be in the access network infrastructure. Task 6.2.1 will deal with commercial access network equipment aiming to provide a UWB interface to extend its access service in a wireless and seamless way. On the other hand, T6.2.2 will be in charge of further research topic to include UWB in the radio access network itself. T6.2.1: Development of EUWB Access Points In this sub-task, the access network considered will be 3.5G, WiMAX and/or xDSL, aiming to provide very high data rate networks in crowded hot spots, in multimedia home networks or very high data rate networks in crowded hot spots, multimedia home networks or ad-hoc meetings. For this reason, a UWB interface will be included in a user Access Point (placed at home, hotspots, car o just nomadic), in the same way as the current ADSL routers. The UWB access point will act as a gateway to the operator WAN, aiming to just gain access to the Internet by using the 3.5G, WiMAX and/or xDSL connection in the Access Point or to allow access to multimedia content or services. This target will be achieved following the next steps: Selection of equipment needed to connect with WAN networks; Integration of first version of UWB platform (commercial devices) in the selected equipment; Analysis and design of the required software to provide/adapt access point functionalities; Development and test of the EUWB access points. The output of this sub-task will be used in: T7.1.1a: Research and Consolidation of Application Requirements (LDR-LT); T7.1.2a: Research and Consolidation of Application Requirements ((V)HDR). Global operators have the aim to offer fixed and mobile communications including voice, data and video services. Improvements in the provision of these services will be achieved by means of the development of heterogeneous access points, as the ones proposed in EUWB and described above, which will provide high speed wireless broadband access. T6.2.2: Inclusion of UWB in the Radio Access Network of a Heterogeneous Access Scenario
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This sub-task comprises the research study and support of UWB as a technology to provide radio access in picocells, belonging to the RAN of a converged network. Different radio technologies, such as WCDMA (UMTS), OFDM (WiMAX, LTE, WiFi), UWB, WiFi, are candidate to be used in different sections of pervasive wireless networks. The selection of the most convenient in each scenario (home, office, industrial, hot spot, metropolitan, rural) will allow offering the best features in any situation. Within this activity, UWB technology will be pushed in standardisation bodies and fora, e.g. NGMN, by providing studies of UWB capabilities for providing wireless access in RANs. The use of UWB technology in picocells base stations is interesting and innovative, since the modulation techniques used in the UWB systems, such as MB-OFDM, are characterised by low power consumption, high data rates and low level of intrusiveness. The activities to fulfil the target of this sub-task are the following: Capability studies of UWB picocells (lower layers) and support of UWB use in standardisation bodies and fora; Requirements of heterogeneous network access and specification of higher layers for UWB usage; Deployment of a RAN test-bed using advanced UWB platforms to perform capability tests of UWB picocells. This sub-task expects the input from: T7.1.1b: Development of Specification and Evaluation of Feasibility (LDR-LT); T7.1.2b: Development of Specification and Evaluation of Feasibility ((V)HDR); T7.4: Transfer and Support of Platform. As this sub-task is in charge of the study of UWB as a technology to provide radio access in picocells, belonging to the RAN of a converged network, the conclusions of this study will be of great interest for operators, since the future planning of their network deployment could partly depend on the output of this sub-task. (SK Telecom a large mobile phone and broadband operator in the Republic of Korea has announced its plans for the global delivery of UWB connectivity for cell phones. Therefore, the conclusions of this sub-task will be very valuable to help the European operators to compete with the Asian market in the provisioning of high speed wireless broadband access.) T6.2.3: Coexistence with UWB in Future Radio Access Network This sub-task shall evaluate the coexistence issues related to UWB in existing and future radio access network. As an important input the sub-task will take the results of the 2007 World Radio conference (WRC2007). It will deliver requirements to the tasks T2.4, T2.5, T2.6 in WP2. This task expects the input from: T2.4: Coexistence and Interference Mitigation; T2.5: Networking Co-operation and Negotiation; T2.6: Concepts for Cognitive Signalling. The output of this task will be used in: T2.4: Coexistence and Interference Mitigation; T2.5: Networking Co-operation and Negotiation; T2.6: Concepts for Cognitive Signalling; WP9: Regulation and Standardisation (aspects concerning UWB in heterogeneous networks). To evaluate the coexistence of UWB in existing and future radio access network is necessary for the operators in order to select the best practices for internetworking and avoid any possible coexistence issue. Task 6.3: Location-aware Services in Heterogeneous Networks [M12M40] This task tackles with the usage of location information provided by UWB to upgrade services like product placement or Internet access. The usage of location information in service platforms will enable location aware services. Additionally, this information will be used to study and develop of improvements in roaming and access point mapping when multiple UWB access point are present. Moreover, monitoring and reconfiguration infrastructure provided by UPB will allow implementing the interface between various heterogeneous networks, enabling interesting enhancements in the radio resource management through location awareness. LDR-LT UWB technology allows monitoring, localising and tracking the users at every moment. Once the users position is known, they can receive information of their interest via VHDR UWB or other access technology. (Some interesting scenarios are: shopping centres to receive the last bargains, near cinemas to inform the user about the films, the amount of available seats and schedules, in museums or tourist areas to guide the visitors or to allow them to ask for some particular information). The monitoring and reconfiguration technology developed by UPB in this task will contribute to the improvement of location-aware services in heterogeneous networks by enabling enhanced localisation-specific management of UWB resources: nodes, devices, access points, etc. Both the monitoring and reconfiguration is done by stand-alone, low resource modules loaded on the UWB devices, which transmit or receive data to or from a specified repository, to facilitate the monitoring of specific, userApproved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11 100
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defined information, or the corresponding reconfiguration. The main target of this sub-task is to make profit of the LT capabilities offered in the LDR EUWB platform and so attracting operators/service providers, that will enable product placement services offered to users thanks to the information collected in the UWB interface. The work plan will include the following steps to address the above objectives: Analysis of use cases of location services to extract the requirements of advanced service platforms. These requirements could provide some inputs to IMS specification; Adaptation of service platforms to make profit of location aware information. Possible modifications are the storage of content with location label, definition of interfaces with service providers, etc.; Design and development of concept applications to make profit of location aware services; Enhanced handover techniques between UWB access points based on localisation prediction. This task expects the input from WP4, in particular from: T4.5: Study of new system concepts with location awareness. Location capabilities offered by UWB will allow the operators to develop novel services exploiting the information of accurate user position. Deliverables D6.1.1: Definition of application scenario and definition of requirements IR6.1.2: Specification of commercial UWB platform integration in user devices D6.1.2: Description of first family of multi-radio interface user devices IR6.1.3: Specification of advanced UWB open platform integration in user devices D6.1.3: Advanced multi-radio interface user devices D6.1.4: Advanced multi-radio interface user devices (demonstrator) IR6.2.1: Specification of commercial UWB platform integration in user access points D6.2.1: Description of first family of EUWB access points D6.2.2: Study of capability in UWB picocells and higher layer requirements for heterogeneous NW D6.2.3: Picocell tests using advanced UWB platforms IR6.2.4: UWB in existing and future radio access network: coexistence aspects D6.2.4: UWB in existing and future radio access network: coexistence aspects D6.3.1: Requirements and specification of services based on location awareness D6.3.2: Concept applications to exploit location awareness D6.3.3: Concept applications to exploit location awareness (demonstrator) Milestones M6.1: a) Specification of commercial UWB platform integration in user devices b) Specification of commercial UWB platform integration in user access points M6.2: a) Study of capability in UWB picocells and higher layer requirements for heterogeneous NW b) Requirements and specification of services based on location awareness M6.3: a) Description of first family of multi-radio interface user devices b) Description of first family of EUWB access points M6.4: a) Advanced multi-radio interface user device demonstrator b) Picocell tests using advanced UWB platforms M6.5: Concept applications to exploit location awareness
(M04) (M12) (M24) (M24) (M37) (M37) (M12) (M24) (M18) (M37) (M15) (M37) (M18) (M40) (M40)
(M12) (M12) (M18) (M18) (M24) (M24) (M37) (M37) (M40)
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WP number WP7 WP title Open UWB Technology Platforms Activity type RTD Participant (number) P01 P06 P12 P14 P16 P17 P20 Participant (short name) GWT CEA THA WIS ACO TESUK UDE PM per participant 1 54 39 33 12 28 51 Task Start End PM T7.1 M01 M18 14 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 T7.2 M03 M30 90 12 14 14 42 T7.3 M03 M33 99 10 11 8 18 35 T7.4 M07 M40 37 6 2 6 4 10 T7.5 M24 M40 16 4 3 7
Start date End date Total PM P22 P23 HTW STC 21 12 1 2 7 2
M01 M40 256 P24 FBC 5 1
6 10 5
2 2
Objectives This work package has the objective to provide the technology platform for the various activities in the EUWB project. In detail it has the objective to: Provide an open standard conform high and very high data rate ((V)HDR) communication platform based on the ECMA 368 Standard and the corresponding enhancements; Provide an open standard conform low data rate communication and localisation platform based on the IEEE 802.15.4a standard; Define and specify future enhancements of the platforms; Collect and evaluate the requirements from the different activity clusters; Provide a set of open interfaces (SW + HW) for the application integration and the research demonstration; Transfer hardware and the needed soft ware to the corresponding customer work packages; Support the application integration in different WPs by participating in the corresponding activity clusters; Support the research demonstrations in the different work packages by participating in the corresponding activity clusters; Provide training on the platforms and the related software. Description of Work The work package will provide two different open technology platforms to the project: LDR-LT platform, low data rate location and tracking platform; and (V)HDR communication platform, high data rate/very high data rate platform. Both platforms will be based on international standards and will provide an open access to the resources via an API for the integration into the application or the research demonstration platforms. The platforms will be close to a commercial product in the sense of form factor and power consumption. This will clearly simplify, the exploitation of the different project results based on these platforms. Task 7.1: Platform Requirements and Specifications [M01M18] In this task the platform and interface specification will be developed based on the requirements from the different activity clusters. The specification will be clearly split into three different phases. The first phase will be based on the existing developments in the domain of LDR-LT and (V)HDR. Further phases then will include the requirements from the different users of the platform in the project. T7.1.1: LDR-LT Platform Requirements and Specification T7.1.1a: Research and Consolidation of Application Requirements This sub-task will take care of consolidating all requirements coming from the different application and research areas using the LDR-LT platform in the corresponding WPs. These inputs will be the bases for the definition of the further development of the LDR-LT platform and thus the specification of the platforms. Strong interaction with the application and research WPs (WP26, WP8, WP9) are needed for this sub-task. T7.1.1b: Development of Specification and Evaluation of Feasibility Based on the consolidated requirements coming from T7.1.1a the specification of the further platform developments will be derived. An early feedback to the application and research demo will be given based on the
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feasibility of the requirements in the scope of the platform capabilities. These feasibility evaluations can then be used as input to the corresponding WPs in order to support a proper planning (What? When? Who?) of the future demonstration and testing activities. T7.1.2: (V)HDR Platform Requirements and Specification T7.1.2a: Research and Consolidation of Application Requirements This sub-task will take care of consolidating all requirements coming from the different application and research areas using the (V)HDR platform in the corresponding work packages. These inputs will be the bases for the definition of the further development of the open (V)HDR platform and thus the specification of the platforms. Strong interaction with the application and research WPs (WP26, WP8, WP9) are needed for this sub-task. T7.1.2b: Development of Specification and Evaluation of Feasibility Based on the consolidated requirements coming from T7.1.2a the specification of the further platform developments will be derived. An early feedback to the application and research demo will be given based on the feasibility of the requirements in the scope of the platform capabilities. These feasibility evaluations can then be used as input to the corresponding WPs in order to support a proper planning (What? When? Who?) of the future demonstration and testing activities. Task 7.2: Platform Development and Implementation, Hardware [M03M30] In this task the main focus will be the further development towards the second and third version of the two open platforms. Based on the project requirements and the standard development in the run of the project two new platforms will be developed including a set of enhanced features defined in the application areas or the research activities of the project. T7.2.1: LDR-LT Platform Development and Implementation, HW This task concerns the RF or mixed signal chip designs on partners technologies but also FPGA baseband design, MAC HW acceleration building blocks and antenna designs. Only packaged, tested and documented chips will be made available for platform updates. The requirements for selecting the chips for platform updates are based on their compliance with the baseline standards. Any proposed HW module has to be designed to ensure background compatibility with the previous platform version. RF chips will preferably be proposed mounted on a PCB comprising the necessary external components to ensure its compatibility with the modular open platform. T7.2.2: (V)HDR Platform Development and Implementation, HW At the start of the project the first open HDR platform will be available based on the aforementioned Intel solution; however, the adaptation to the needs of the project must be still carried out. During the lifetime of the project additional platform designs will be available (e.g. from Staccato, Wisair and TESWisair). The main focus of this task will be the definition and development of the integration platforms. The specifications will take a set of requirements from the project into account in order to simplify the planned demonstrations in the application clusters and research activities. The task will not develop project specific chip sets for the ECMA 386 standard. Nevertheless, specific interfaces such as for the Bluetooth and UWB integration can be defined and implemented in order to meet the project needs using the open MAC layer platform and the available FPGA and embedded eASIC resources. Task 7.3: Platform Development and Implementation, Software [M03M33] In this task the needed low level software for the two platforms will be developed. Beside the MAC layer software the interface software will be part of the developments. The application software needed for the demonstration integration will be part of the corresponding work packages. The main result of this task will be a well defined API to the platforms MAC and PHY layer. T7.3.1: LDR-LT Platform Development and Implementation, SW This task concerns the design of SW blocks which are to be either embedded onto the platform or on a host platform (PC, PDA) with interfaces to the actual platform. As such, they cover location algorithms, sensor processing and management, data fusion, profiles, etc. The scope has to be defined in more details (GUI as a part of this task, maybe not non real-time Matlab code, etc). T7.3.2: (V)HDR Platform Development and Implementation, SW Here, the full MAC and PHY control software of the (V)HDR open platform will be adapted, based on already available solutions provided by e.g. Staccato, Wisair and the TESWisair platform, as well as external organisations, e.g. Intel. Based on this software package the needed interfaces and support software will be developed for the use in the project. Here, user interfaces and control software need to be added. Based on the needs of the different demonstration tasks adapted interfaces and specific access modes will be developed and integrated. Here a strong interaction between the WPs is needed by forming a cluster around the defined demonstrations.
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Task 7.4: Transfer and Support of Platforms [M06M40] In this task all activities related to the provision of the needed platforms and support for the demonstration integration of the open platforms will be focused. Here the specific documentation like User Manuals and Software API description will be developed. Tutorials and training courses will be developed in close conjunction with the application areas and research activities. These courses will be used ton enhance the internal knowledge transfer. Furthermore, the courses can be used for an optimised dissemination of the project results to external partners. The application and research areas will have to define in detail the planned demonstration and the needed support for these tasks. In this task in WP7 the needed resources for the support will be provided. The integration work needs to be performed in the corresponding application and research tasks with the support from WP7. T7.4.1: Transfer and Support of LDR-LT Platform The LDR-LT platform will be used in the following application and research demonstrations: automotive, public transport, LT demonstration platform, cognitive radio demonstration and the home environment application (to be used for the smart wireless audio application). The corresponding application and research will work together with the WP7 resources towards the integration of the planned demonstration onto the open platform. T7.4.2: Transfer and Support of (V)HDR Platform The (V)HDR platform will be used in the following application and research demonstrations: home environment, public transport, multiple antennas, cognitive radio concepts and coexistence, multimode UWB-60 GHz and UWBBluetooth demonstration, DAA concepts and demonstrations. Integration work towards the final demonstration will be performed in the corresponding application and research WP with the support of WP7 resources. As part of the support customisations of SW interface on the platform can be envisaged as part of the WP7 work. Task 7.5: Study of Combined LDR/HDR Open Platform [M24M40] Based on the two open platform versions provided in the scope of the project an architectural study of a combined LDR/HDR open platform will be performed. As input to this task the different application clusters will provide requirements for a combination of the two technologies. Furthermore, the two existing open platforms will be used as the bases for this study. The main topic of investigation will be the definition of the interfaces between the two technologies in order to guarantee a smooth coexistence in a co-ordinated way. Here different levels of interfacing are possible (PHY layer, MAC layer and higher layer) and will be evaluated in the scope of this task. Deliverables IR7.1.1: LDR-LT and HDR platform specification IR7.1.2: HDR platform specification D7.1.1a/b: LDR-LT platform requirements, feasibility analysis and specification (initial/final) D7.1.2a/b: (V)HDR platform requirements, feasibility analysis and specification (initial/final) D7.1.3: Combined LDR-LT/HDR platform, feasibility analysis and specification D7.4.1a/b: LDR-LT platform (HW/SW) provision to activity clusters (initial/final) D7.4.2a/b: (V)HDR platform (HW/SW) provision to activity clusters (initial/final) D7.5: Combined LDR/HDR platform study results Milestones M7.1: First version of support material available M7.2: Second version of support material available
(M03) (M03) (M06/M18) (M06/M18) (M18) (M12/M24) (M12/M24) (M40)

Formatted Formatted Formatted Formatted Formatted Formatted Formatted
(This interim versions of D7.1.x are intended to be used by WP8 as initial guideline on the technologies capabilities to produce their system specification.)
(M12) (M24)
Formatted Formatted
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WP number WP title Activity type Participant (number) Participant (short name) PM per participant Task Start End PM T8a.1 M01 M03 8 T8a.2 M03 M12 10 128 T8a.3 M13 M32 140 T8a.4 M33 M40 342 T8a.5 M01 M40 9 T8b.1 M01 M06 3 T8b.2 M06 M25 24 T8b.3 M12 M40 48 T8b.4 M24 M40 11 435 T8c.1 M01 M40 0 495 T8c.2 M01 M40 8
WP8 Start date UWB Application Environments End date RTD Total PM P01 P03 P04 P05 P10 P12 P16 P17 P20 P21 P22 P25 GWT TESD PHI BOSCH EADS THA ACO TESUK UDE UIL HTW BITG 1 25 74 60 14 36 30 36 9 26 20 56 1 1 10 1 1 1 2 8 1 37 37 2 4 4 34 10 4 2 15 35 8 9 2 1 2 4 22 8 30 1 1 10 5 2 13 6 3 8 4
M01 M40 367 P27 UPB 16
4 4
7 4 4 4
1 2 2 4 2 3 5 4 4
Objectives This work package has the objective to integrate results from WP2 to WP6 into three different application environments: public transport, automotive and home environment. Base for the integration are the open platforms developed in WP7 and where available their extensions developed in the various complementing advanced research activities in the EUWB project work packages. In detail, objectives for each application environment are: For the public transport: Definition of scenarios and specification of requirements; Address specific application related issues (EMC, harsh environment, antennas, coexistence, reliability); Integration in application environment. For the automotive part, the objectives to be achieved are divided into two parts, system simulation and hardware integration. The objectives of the first part are: System simulation environment, describing the MAC; Channel simulation and verification of the complex in-car propagation channel. In the hardware integration part, two application classes will be addressed: Wireless sensor data communication: An existing sensor element will be used to explore opportunities and challenges of wireless data communication. Especially positioning flexibility, reliability and latency will be investigated; Location tracking with the main focus on comfort systems and driver/passenger authorisation, the performance of UWB location tracking inside a car will be studied. Positioning accuracy and reliability are of main interest for this application. For the home environment there are two objectives: Application of multiband/multimode (HDR UWB and VHDR 60 GHz) technology for wireless streaming of high definition video content in a room; Application of the LT capability of UWB for wireless smart surround sound audio streaming. For each application the following will be delivered: Definition of scenarios and specification of requirements; Addressing specific application related issues (range, robustness to shadowing effects, quality of service, synchronisation/lip-synch, accuracy, etc.); Development of necessary algorithms to exploit the specific features at the application level;
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Integration in application environment; Validation and demonstration.
Description of Work Part 8a: UWB in the Public Transport Task 8a.1: Definition of Application Scenarios for Public Transport Applications [M01M03] Scenarios for application of UWB technologies in the public transport will be defined. The scenarios will address wireless communication inside the transport compartment for passenger internal communication (e.g. internet access, distribution of multimedia information to normal passengers and tourists like time table, information about the trip and the tourist features, entertainment, hotels, restaurants, advertisements), as well the need to replace cables for data communication between devices installed in the machine (sensors for machine health and usage monitoring, lights, switches, ticketing machine, monitoring cameras, etc.). A preliminary application scenario definition should be provided already at M02 to the interested WP. Task 8a.2: Definition of Application Requirements for Public Transport Applications [M03M12] Based on the scenario definition from Task 8a.1, the system requirements to enable the development of extended platforms to be performed in WP4 and WP5 and later integrated in the final demonstrator (T8a.3) will be defined. The requirements should provide system parameters for the wireless systems and mechanical and application specific constraints. Task 8a.3: Development of a Demonstrator for Public Transport Applications [M13M32] T8a.3.1: Implementation of Higher Layers and Integration In T8a.3.1 the various elements to be delivered from the parallel sister tasks (T8a.3.2, T8a.3.7) from other work packages (WP2, WP5, WP7) and from partners background knowledge (from previous work on the subject) are to be integrated into the final UWB on board vehicle platform. The work of T8a.3.1 is prerequisite before afterwards in T8a.4 the customised platform will be integrated with T8a.3.7 results and tested in a realistic aeroplane cabin environment and a ground public transport. The platform will combine the PHY/MAC with the PAL and application level algorithms SW. PHY and MAC are provided by WP7 (the HDR platform adapted to enable it and to host the additional band module for 60 GHz and the additional module for LDR-LT). 60 GHz as second UWB band enabling QoS in large densities is an option investigated and implemented in WP5 and adapted for use in T8a.3.7 delivered to T8a.3.1 then. While for location tracking there are two options, a) the dedicated LDR-LT platform to be integrated b) the HDR platform inherent rough LT functionality. The project provides the unique possibility to implement both options into a single platform to be used for testing in realistic environment. Both options can be improved by using the additional localisation and state information provided by the monitoring framework developed by UPB in WP6, with links to research done in WP4. UPB will additionally support the integration of a monitoring and re-programming framework which will be developed at the application layer, while offering to other components advanced management possibilities for the devices being controlled. The monitoring framework will facilitate the performance evaluation of the platform through its flexible configuration. The data can be stored on remote user-controlled repositories and is accessible over public or dedicated interfaces for the users to build specific performance evaluation techniques. In co-operation with T8a.3.6.4 UPB will work on porting, integration and validation of the clock algorithm on specific sensor node islands by enabling advanced monitoring and reprogramming capabilities to the chosen HW platform. Finally, together with T8a.3.7 UPB will develop, adapt, and implement resource management strategies allowing for improved QoS and service availability. Possible ways of using self-healing algorithms for network re-generation will also be explored. BITG will build hardware to expand the demonstrators with MEMS-based inertial unit and processing element, and implement embedded software of the algorithms for inertial navigation. One universal hardware module design will be built to be compatible with the demonstrators. The design will provide 6 degrees of freedom (both 3-axes gyroscope and accelerometer) inertial unit, based on MEMS sensors. It will have processing element capable of running embedded software for inertial navigation algorithms. The interface with existing hardware platforms will be designed on the way to minimise the effort of integration with demonstrator hardware. The interface software for demonstrator board will be implemented as well. In addition, an inertial navigation feature shall be integrated in the public transport demonstrator. Inputs required: A: Implemented and tested HDR+LDR-LT 60 GHz UWB HW platform (including MAC): source WP7, WP5, Task 8a.3.7; B: Strategy and updated MAC code (likely also device management code updates) for HDR platform and for
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LDR-LT platform to enable coexistence of HDR and LDR-LT in the same device: source T8a.3.2; C: Algorithms and simulated/implemented/tested code for radio resources management and mobility support with location awareness (updated MAC and networking code for both HDR and LDR-LT platform): source T8a.3.4; D: Algorithm and simulated/implemented/tested code for localisation techniques in harsh environment for LDRLT platform: source Task 8a.3.3 (adopted from WP4); E: Algorithm and simulated/implemented/tested code for localisation techniques in harsh environment for HDR platform: source Task 8a.3.5 (adopted from WP4); F: Updated HDR PAL with enhanced clock distribution method (for WiNet or BT, depending on the decision for the networking layer in Task 8a.2, WP4 and T8a.3.5): source Task 8a.3.5; G: Multimode/multiband interworking and device management functionality in terms of adapted source code tailored for the HDR platform: source Task 8a.3.7; H: Realistic application environment with appropriate interfacing to the UWB verification platform (EADS background). Partners will each work on integrating the algorithms/code and HW provided by itself or an originating task, where the partner participated. THA and ACO will be responsible for integrating the updated MAC taking the inputs A, B and C. TESUK will be responsible for integrating an updated PAL (with synchronisation features) processing input F. The integration of the location tracking functionality will be processed by ACO and UDE building on inputs D and E. The required mulitband/multimode update of MAC, PAL and device management will be implemented by TESD taking input G and integrating it. EADS and GWT will implement the platform in the target test environment working on application layer and device management entities. The output of this task is an enhanced UWB platform as well as the required application support necessary to use the platform for comprehensive testing. T8a.3.2: Coexistence HDR (ECMA 368)/LDR (802.15.4a) Based on the requirements developed in Task 8a.3.1 WP2 will provide specification for concepts of a combined HDR/LDR solution. The main focus will be on the higher layer co-ordination and communication functionality of this combination. Nevertheless, lower layer solutions should also be included in the overall investigation. In the scope of this task these concepts of coexistence will be evaluated and specific requirements for a combined HDR/LDR platform will be extracted and provided to Task 7.5 of WP7 for further platform studies. In order to be able to demonstrate the combined HDR/LDR solution in the later demonstration stage of the WP the needed functionalities will be developed based on the capabilities of the WP7 platforms. Here the implementation of a coordination entity in the application or PAL layer could be the solution of choice. Other solution should also be taken into account Inputs are expected from: WP8 (T8a.1, T8a.2), WP2 (T2.4, T2.5) and WP7 (T7.5) while outputs will be delivered to WP7 (T7.5) and WP8 (T8a.4). T8a.3.3: Advanced Localisation Techniques in Harsh Environment In order to deploy a localisation system into a public transport environment, like a bus vehicle or a plane, several parameters must be matched in order to get the required performance from EUWB platforms. In this task, the objective is to take the results from T4.1 relate to development of location and tracking algorithms, and T4.23 implementation and evaluation of the algorithms into the demonstrator platforms, in order to set-up the specific demonstrators for those specific environments. In order to work is such a harsh propagation environment, where the structure of the vehicle (mainly made with metal or conductor materials), makes that the received radio signal includes many replicas coming from the walls, and the transmission through conductor walls must be addressed separately, in order to allow the communication while keeping the transmission power limits imposed by the initial drafts for regulation, the specific implementation of those LT algorithms must emphasised the conditions and parameters in order to set up a reliable communication and ranging/LT system. The output of this task should be employed as input for the system performance evaluation under T8a.4. T8a.3.4: New Concepts for Management of Radio Resources and Mobility Support with Location Awareness Taking inputs from T4.5 related to the study of new system concepts in location awareness, this task should lead to the study and (if possible) implementation of the different alternatives for radio resource management in public transport scenarios. Besides dealing with the wireless technology issues, it is therefore important to understand how services and applications are being developed and could be developed, and how current and future systems can be made able to flexibly support service creation. Since part of this work is being carried out under WP4, the specific architecture and parameters required by public transports lead to a very specific task where those concepts in a very specific environment must be clearly defined. Similar to the Internet evolution, which led from a limited set of possible applications to a system that has become an integral part of our life, we expect to see the same trend in the wireless communication with LT capabilities domain, where advanced networking structures and UWB
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HDR and LDR techniques will enable the effective and reliable support of rich application and services, combined with mobility support. T8a.3.5: Localisation Using ECMA 368 Platform This task shall take inputs from WP4 and WP7 with regard to the advanced location tracking schemes in multiband UWB systems. Furthermore, the requirements on localisation in the public transport shall be consolidated in order to reach a general consensus in terms of performance in a hardware realisation. In addition, a localisation feature shall be integrated in the public transport demonstrator, focussing on new concepts for radio resources management and mobility support with location awareness. T8a.3.6: High Precision Synchronisation for Large Mesh Networks T8a.3.6.1: Application Requirements for Clock Synchronisation Accuracy This task shall take inputs from other EUWB application work packages (WP5, WP8) and beyond, and consolidate requirements in order to reach a general consensus in terms of performance target for clock jitter bounds. Outside of the correlated AV streaming application field, additional requirements could also be taken into consideration, including finer timer granularity (50 ns) than that provided today by device local clocks synchronised to beacon period start for instance. This requirement definition task will be driven by EADS with support from TESUK and inputs from other work package participants. The deliverable will be a report which will define the performance targets for clock synchronisation accuracy. T8a.3.6.2: Development of a Local PICONET (Beacon Group)-wide Clock Synchronisation Scheme (Uni-PAL) This task shall design and develop an innovative algorithm and protocol for distribution of clock information among devices belonging to the same Beacon Group. Such beacon group will be operating as a standalone ad-hoc network with no connection to the outside world and all associated devices will support the same PAL client, i.e. WiNet WSS or Bluetooth cluster. During this task, a survey of existing mechanisms (BIT/ST with higher duty cycle, first symbol on air, statistical approach, ) will be conducted and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach will be analysed. The task will also review and identify the shortcomings of the present WiMedia specification with respect to the higher layer synchronisation process. As a result of this early investigation phase, MAC extensions and other protocol enhancements, including but no limited to the definition of additional primitives, parameters set and application-specific information elements that shall consist a higher-layer synchronisation protocol, will subsequently be proposed. The output of this task could then be fed back to T7.1.2, dealing with modifications of the API for the (V)HDR open platform, as well as to WP9 (open standardisation) as required. T8a.3.6.3: Network-wide Clock Distribution Extension for Lager-scale Networks This task shall develop novel methods to disseminate universal clock information over larger-scale networks made of several networking links. The approach will leverage deliverables from the two previous tasks for local clock distribution within a cluster of devices while defining additional time-adjustment mechanisms to propagate common clock info over the entire network. The output of this work could optionally be fed back to T7.1.2, dealing with API modifications for the open VHDR platform as well as to WP9 (open standardisation) as required. T8a.3.6.4: Validation and Integration into one of the EUWB Application Demonstration Platforms That specific task consists of porting and validating the local clock algorithm (T8a.3.6.2) on the (V)HDR hardware platform. This activity will be done in co-operation with WP7 participants, i.e. T7.4.2 dealing with platform transfer and support. As a proof concept for T8a.3.6.4, a wired/wireless bridge or proxy node (in the case of mesh deployment) will be developed and demonstrated in co-operation with either WP5 or WP8. T8a.3.7: Multiband/Multimode for High Reliability and QoS (HDR/60 GHz) This task shall take inputs from WP5. It has to be investigated how the special capability of a multiband radio can improve reliability and QoS of high speed data transmission in public transport. Dependent on scenario definition the applicability of radio transmission in the 60 GHz band will be analysed in terms of range and signal quality. This will contribute also to net topologies definitions. Switch and multiplexing strategies developed in T5.2.2 shall be adapted to the application requirements and adequate resources management strategy shall be developed. T8a.3.8: Antenna Design Antennas for the frequency range below 10 GHz, dedicated to the scenario requirements in the public transport have to be developed and tested, whereas maximum reuse will be made from the antenna developments in the PULSERS Phase II project. It is expected that for seat tags and access points, possibly also for ranging and data transfer, there are different types of antennas required. They may differ in from factor, material and directivity. Activities include: Investigation of possible installation locations in an aeroplane; Design or customisation of adequate antennas structures for the selected scenarios; Simulation and optimisation for the in-cabin environment;
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Antenna prototyping; Verification measurements possibly in an anechoic chamber.
Task 8a.4: Test and Verification of the Demonstrator for Public Transport Applications [M33M40] The demonstrator for the public transport will be tested in real environment according to the scenarios defined in Task 8a.1. A benchmark of the results will be performed, based on the system requirements from T8a.2. UPB will evaluate the benchmark results against normal behaviour of the application as well as under stress by a limited number of individuals, thus allowing for fine-tuning the architecture and associated developed technologies. BITG will develop a framework to exploit inertial navigation enhancements in public transport application. BITG will also work on the tests in the public transport application. The results will be used to refine specifications of inertial navigation algorithms in tested scenarios. The work will include revision of results from T8a.1 and T8a.2 expanding the results with scenarios to test and verify benefits of exploiting inertial navigation. Revised requirements for the application demonstrator will also be delivered. Task 8a.5: Tests to Support Regulation and Standardisation Activities [M01M40] Tests, measurements and technical contributions to support the work performed in WP9 concerning regulation and standardisation will be carried out. In particular, the activities related to the use of UWB technologies for applications in public transports will be supported. Part 8b: UWB in the Automotive Environment Task 8b.1: Definition of Application Scenarios for the Automotive Environment [M01M06] Scenarios for in-car applications. Two different applications are defined: LDR wireless communication; and Location tracking. A number of application scenarios will be investigated and their merits in terms of innovation, practicality and implementation effort will be assessed. For wireless sensor data communication and location tracking, one application for each will be selected. These two selected applications will be investigated further and the application requirements will be defined. This includes parameters like performance, size and data rate. Task 8b.2: Definition of System Parameters, Channel Characterisation and Simulation Framework [M06 M25] T8b.2.1: System Parameters for LDR Wireless Communication and Location Tracking Based on the requirements from T8b.1, the system parameters of the two UWB systems will be defined. Besides the parameters tackling topology and network aspects, the system parameters for wireless sensor communication include: hardware platform, frequency range, dynamic range, data rate, latency, required bit error rate, antenna characteristics. The system parameters for location tracking replaces data rate, latency and bit error rate requirements by Accuracy and Measurement rate, respectively. This task, combined with T8b.1, generates inputs to all other WPs and in particular into WP9 to create an ETSI System reference document SRDoc and standard. T8b.2.2: Channel Simulation and Model for Complex Automotive Scenarios (in-car) A car represents a very complex propagation channel for UWB signals. The objective of this task is to investigate the channel using simulation. Simulation technologies used will be full wave modelling and ray tracing. Two types of scenarios need to be investigated: Transmission between different compartments (engine compartment, passenger compartment, trunk); Propagation inside a compartment, especially investigation of multipath and time variance of the channel. Based on the simulations, a channel model will be implemented. The results of this task will be used in T8b2.4 for link level performance evaluation. T8b.2.3: Channel Measurements and Verification of Channel Model To verify the channel model developed in Task 8b1.4, measurements will be performed in co-operation with WP2 to approve the model and to investigate critical scenarios. Critical scenarios can be wave propagation between different compartments inside the car or heavy multipath inside a compartment. Additionally, radiation from the car to the outside will be investigated, as an input to work package regulation and standardisation, WP9 as input to mitigation techniques. T8b.2.4: System Level and Link Level Simulation Environment for UWB A system simulation environment is developed, based on background tools and further inputs coming as companion
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information to the EUWB open platforms. It allows in particular the verification of link level parameters like bit error rate and latency for communication and system level parameters like accuracy for location tracking. The first implementation will be without a channel model. At link level, a two-step approach is used using first generic channel models, the simulation environment will be upgraded in a second step after Task 8b.1.4 on channel modelling is completed. T8b.2.5: Antenna Diversity As an advanced topic, multiple antenna concepts to improve the system performance will be investigated. Goals are improved reliability, reduced latency for communication and improved accuracy for location tracking. Task 8b.3: Development of Demonstrators for the Automotive Environment [M12M40] T8b.3.1: Specific Building Blocks for the Demonstrators T8b.3.1.1: Antennas for In-car Applications LDR and LT For data communication and location tracking, antennas have to be developed and adapted to the in-car environment. The related activities include: Investigation of possible installation locations in the car; Design of flat antennas, with radiation in one half-sphere; Simulation and optimisation for the in-car environment; Verification measurements in an anechoic chamber an in the target in-car environment; Cost analysis and manufacturability of the designs. T8b.3.1.2: CAN/LIN-bus Interface Build a CAN/LIB-bus interface to the existing LDR UWB communications platform. The task is divided in a hardware part, actually providing the interface and a software part, implementing a SW-stack to handle the communication. T8b.3.2: LDR Wireless Communication In-car Demonstrator Based on the output of WP7, a demonstrator will be built and implemented in a vehicle. The demonstrator will be based on the hardware platform provided. A number of activities are required to launch the demonstrator: Hardware platform voltage supply; Demonstrator housing; Antenna and hardware platform installation; Application set-up: interfacing to UWB hardware platform; data processing; performance monitoring and evaluation environment. T8b.3.3: Location Tracking In-car Demonstrator Based on the output of WP7, a demonstrator will be built and implemented in a vehicle. The demonstrator will be based on the hardware platform provided. A number of activities are required to launch the demonstrator: Hardware platform voltage supply; Demonstrator housing; Antenna and hardware platform installation; Application set-up: interfacing to UWB hardware platform; data processing; visualisation of LT data. Task 8b.4: Test and Verification of Demonstrators for the Automotive Environment [M24M40] T8b.4.1: Performance Verification of LDR Wireless Communication In-car Demonstrator The in-car demonstrator will be tested in real-life scenarios. A benchmarking of the results will be performed, based on the system requirements from Task 8b.1.1. T8b.4.2: Performance Verification of Location Tracking In-car Demonstrator The in-car demonstrator will be tested in real-life scenarios. A benchmarking of the results will be performed, based on the system requirements from T8b.1.1. Part 8c: UWB in the Home Environment Task 8c.1: Multiband/Multimode HDR UWB + VHDR 60 GHz Application [M01M40] T8c.1.1: Definition of Application Scenarios The application scenarios related to the home environment will be defined in this task. Particular attention will be paid to the wireless streaming of high definition video within a room as the most demanding application benefiting from the enhanced features offered by the HDR UWB and VHDR 60 GHz multiband/ multimode system. T8c.1.2: Definition of Requirements
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The demanding requirements of the scenario defined in Task 8c.1.1, will be defined and specified in order to enable the development of extended platforms to be performed in WP5. Furthermore, requirements in relation to the integration of the extended platform to the final demonstrator will be specified. This will include wireless system parameters, mechanical and application specific constraints. T8c.1.3: Development of the Demonstrator and Integration Here, the various elements to be delivered from other related tasks (T5.2.2, T5.3, T7.2.2, T7.3.2, T7.4.2), will be integrated into the final enhanced UWB demonstrator for home environment. UPB will develop and implement the required interfaces to help in the implementation of the various components from WP5 and WP7 into the demonstrator for the home environment. Verification of the demonstrator will be made according to defined metrics in the system parameters and requirements for home environment applications. In this task, BITG will work on hardware implementation of VHDR. BITG will contribute in integration of the demonstrator. Task 8c.2: UWB Localisation/Tracking for Smart Wireless Audio Application [M01M40] T8c.2.1: Definition of Application Scenarios The application scenarios related to the use of the localisation and tracking information in a smart wireless home entertainment system will be defined. Particular attention will be paid to the optimisation of the listening experience. Particular attention will be paid to the possibilities offered by combining audio tuning algorithms with the location information of the user and speaker boxes. T8c.2.2: Definition of Requirements The scenario defined in Task 8c.2.1 will have demanding and challenging requirements that will be identified and outlined so that these could be considered in the early stages of the development of the extended platforms developed in WP4. Additional set of requirements for the integration of the extended platform to the final demonstrator will also be specified. T8c.2.3: Development of Audio Tuning Algorithms for Smart Wireless Audio Streaming For the location information to be used in optimisation of the audio experience of the user, specific algorithms are required to ensure that the right audio content is transmitted to the right speaker box. Some of the many issues need to be addressed include: synchronisation, latency, adaptation to the movements of the user and robustness to the changes in the environment. This will have to be developed and implemented in the demonstrator (Task 8c.1.3) in order for the information becoming available from the location tracking algorithm to be used effectively. UPB will develop a framework for monitoring wireless audio communications in order to supply additional information to the tracking algorithm. Thus the development and implementation of improved audio tuning algorithms for wireless audio streaming based on the data gathered from the monitoring component will become reality. The framework will additionally support in the verification and validation of the audio tuning algorithms. BITG will develop framework for exploitation of inertial navigation enhancement in Smart Wireless Audio Application and will take part in implementation, testing and integration of software. T8c.2.4: Development of the Demonstrator and Integration Here, the various elements to be delivered from other related tasks (T4.1, T4.3, T7.2.1, T7.3.1, T7.4.1, T8c.2.3), will be integrated into the final enhanced UWB LT demonstrator for home environment. UPB and BITG will take part in the final implementation and deployment of the demonstrator and its subsequent integration into a concrete instance of a home environment scenario. Deliverables D8a.1: Scenario description for public transport applications D8a.2: Requirements for public transport applications D8a.3.1: Implementation of higher layers and integration D8a.3.2: Coexistence HDR (ECMA 368)/LDR (802.15.4a) D8a.3.3: Advanced localisation techniques in harsh environment D8a.3.4: New concepts for radio resources management and mobility support with location awareness D8a.3.5: Localisation using ECMA 368 platform D8a.3.6: High precision synchronisation for large mesh networks D8a.3.7: Multiband/multimode for high reliability and QoS (HDR/60 GHz) D8a.3.8: Antenna design D8a.3.9: Demonstrator for public transport applications D8a.4: Test and verification of the demonstrator for public transport applications
(M03) (M06) (M3034) (M2631) (M2631) (M2632) (M2632) (M31) (M2631) (M2631) (M3237) (M40)
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D8b.1: D8b.2: D8b.3: D8b.4: D8b.5: D8b.6: D8b.7: D8b.8: D8b.9: D8b.10: D8b.11: D8c.1: D8c.2: D8c.3: D8c.4: D8c.5: D8c.6: D8c.7: D8c.8: D8c.9: D8c.10: D8c.11:
Scenario description for automotive environment applications (M03) System parameters for automotive environment applications (M07) System simulation environment (M35) Channel model for complex automotive scenarios (in-car) (M18) Verification of channel model by measurement (M25) Antennas for in-car applications LDR and LT (M18) CAN/LIN-bus interface (M26) In-car demonstrator for LDR wireless communication (M32) Performance verification of LDR wireless communication in-car demonstrator (M40) In-car demonstrator for location tracking (M32) Performance verification of location tracking in-car demonstrator (M40) Scenario description for multiband/multimode UWB home environment applications (M02) System parameters and requirements for multiband/multimode UWB home environment appl. (M06) Interface requirements of the application platform (M12) Demonstrator for multiband UWB wireless communication for video streaming (M32) Performance verification of the multiband UWB-60 GHz demonstrator within home environment (M40) Scenario description for localisation/synchronisation application for home audio applications (M03) System parameters and requirements for localisation/synchronisation for home audio applications (M06) Interface requirements of the application platform (M12) Development of audio tuning algorithms for in-room home environment scenarios (M24) Demonstrator for in-room audio tuning based on the LT algorithm and platform (M40) Performance verification of the combined localisation/synchronisation and audio tuning application demonstrator within home environment (M40)
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Milestones M8a.1: Scenarios description and requirements for public transport applications M8a.2: Prototypes to be integrated in demonstrator for public transport applications M8a.3: Demonstrator for public transport applications M8b.1: Scenarios and system parameters defined for automotive applications M8b.2: Channel model available M8b.3: In-car demonstrator for a) LDR and b) LT available M8b.4: System simulation environment available M8c.1: Scenario description and requir. for a) multiband UWB and b) LT for home environment applic. M8c.2: Prototypes to be integrated in demonstrator for multiband UWB home environment applications M8c.3: Prototypes to be integrated in demonstrator for LT in home environment applications M8c.4: Demonstrator for a) multiband UWB and b) LT in home environment applications
(M06) (M26) (M30) (M06) (M18) (M32) (M35) (M06) (M30) (M32) (M40)
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WP number WP title Activity type Participant (number) Participant (short name) PM per participant Task Start End PM T9.1 M01 M27 14 T9.2 M01 M40 30 T9.3 M01 M40 47 T9.4 M01 M40 16
WP9 Regulation and Standardisation RTD P03 P04 P08 P10 P05 TESD PHI BOSCH CNET EADS 2 2 12 4 32 6 10 10 6 3 2 5 2
P11 TID 3 1 1 1
P12 THA 3 1 1 1
P14 WIS 23 2 4 15 2
Start date End date Total PM P22 P23 HTW STC 6 10 1 2 2 1
M01 M40 107 P24 FBC 10
1 1
1 1
1 2 1
3 5 2
4 4 2
Objectives In the scope of this work package the interactions of the EUWB project with the European and world-wide regulation and standardisation bodies will be organised. The needed input will be delivered by the corresponding application WPs and the corresponding logical project clusters. The main objectives of this WP are to: Confirm/update the relevant regulation and standardisation bodies in Europe and world-wide in the domain of UWB and related technologies (CEPT, EC, ETSI, IEEE, WiMedia, ); Generate regulation and standardisation awareness inside the EUWB project by providing the needed general information to the application integration and research WPs in EUWB; Provide continuously the relevant regulation and standardisation status to the application and research WPs in EUWB; Implement an efficient information flow between the WP and the application and research WPs by adopting the logical cluster structure for direct scientific and technical access as well as the Management Board structure for formal access; Follow actively the further UWB regulation processes initiated world-wide, consolidate the information and provide it to the relevant application and research WPs in EUWB; Support the spectrum management development in Europe and world-wide; Initiate the needed standardisation activities in Europe and world-wide (ETSI, IEEE, WiMedia) in order to enable a smooth market entry of technologies and solutions investigated and developed in the scope of EUWB; Co-ordinate and consolidate the application and research WP inputs towards regulation and standardisation; Provide technical inputs towards the regulation and standardisation groups; Participate actively in the regulation and standardisation meetings. These objectives are mainly intended to prepare the needed regulatory frameworks and standards for the future development of UWB technologies in the main markets addressed by WP6 and WP8. Description of Work Based on the typical work distribution in the European and world wide regulation and standardisation activities in WP9 there is a number of participants with relative small amount of PM involved in addition to the key partners BOSCH, WIS and STC which have some significant resources allocated. In the first case the resources are mainly used for the participation in some specific regulatory and standardisation meetings as well as the preparation of specific requests within WP9 by GWT, TESD, PHI, CNET, EADS, TID and THA. Complementary, partners BOSCH, WIS and STC are participating in almost every relevant regulation and standardisation meeting and build the hosts for document creation and submission, to which case 1 partners will basically contribute their specific expertise on the subjects relevant for their particular future business planes (as described in the exploitation plan). The activities in WP9 have been extended to some additional groups in ETSI and a further extension needs to be envisaged. The news groups to follow are the ETSI ERM TG28 (Short Range Devices) and the ETSI ERM TG11 (Broadband interfaces, monitoring mode for DAA algorithm development. Furthermore, the metering activities in ETSI need to monitored and EUWB will contribute to the discussion. Here new application fields will emerge for the future use of UWB devices.
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Task 9.1: Status of World-wide UWB Regulation and Standardisation [M01M27] At the beginning of the EUWB project this task will provide a detailed overview over the actual status in the UWB regulation and standardisation domain at M02. Here a specific focus shall be put onto the running activities with the corresponding cross relations to the EUWB application and research areas. This will simplify the efficient information flow and initiation of the needed requirement inputs from the application and research WPs. Based on the status report a regulation and standardisation plan will be created in M06. This plan will be structured according to the applications and research areas covered in EUWB and will be provided to all WPs in UWB. It will be updated on a regular base and released then again in M18 and M27 based on inputs from the EUWB WPs and external regulatory and standardisation activities. The further activities in regulation and standardisation shall be planned based on this living report. Task 9.2: Regulatory Activities [M01M40] The main objective of this task is to: Observe, track and engage wherever possible/practical European and world-wide regulation processes related to UWB-RT; Interact with WP6 and WP8 as well as with the four basic logical EUWB project cluster to observe the need for regulatory actions and provide guidance and support to realise the actions identified; Co-ordinate specific actions to support regulatory framework in Europe (public consultations, ECC decision comments, etc.) and give technical inputs to the relevant bodies; Provide technical support for the development of regulatory test procedures in Europe and world-wide, such as the effort recently carried by TELEC Japan to define test procedures was kindly supported by EUWB project partners; Attend important meetings of regulatory organisations, committees and expert groups and report relevant decisions and actions to the EUWB community and provide the required input in the appropriate form as defined by the individual regulatory body as well as the feedback to the EUWB project in terms of meeting reports. This way the information flow from outside to inside and vice versa related to UWB-RT regulation will be ensured. T9.2.1: European Regulation It is important to note, that the European UWB-RT regulation process is not finished by far having the recent Commission Decision released, dated Feb. 21st, 2007. This legally binding decision for all 27 EU member states is rather just the starting point of an important development towards more efficient use of the radio spectrum resource in Europe and is a mature starting point for improvement as the knowledge grows. Coexistence investigations and field measurements are continuously needed in the UWB regulation process, differentiating it from other regulation processes where theoretical calculations where considered to be sufficient usually. As UWB scenarios are complex and a number of services are interacting in one single environment it is important to further develop and define measurement procedures widely accepted in the regulatory bodies. In addition to simulations they will be used to determine actual interference and coexistence effects of UWB radio devices upon other radio services, such as broadband services like WiMAX, aeronautical radars (subject to partnership with Eurocontrol, airports and German Air Navigation Service, which has proven to lead to successful co-operation already during year 2006 and 2007 in previous common investigations) and other radio devices, based on measurements in realistic scenarios. An important topic will be the analysis of WRC 2007 outcome in terms of NGNW definition, which will start a completely new impact analysis thread in the European regulation for UWB-RT. Such impact analysis are important means of work in the regulatory process. Starting with the approach followed in CEPT ECC TG3 further developments are expected to increase the quality of the process on one hand and to simplify procedures targeting more efficiency on the other hand. Standard regulation tools, as SEAMCAT are used by the consortium partners and will be further developed to properly reflect typical UWB-RT systems. The EUWB community will push further to include impact on background noise and interference level from non UWB radio devices offering similar coexistence challenges, e.g. WiFi, in order to put UWB in a relative position and show, that UWB is a coexistence friendly technology. The examination of UWB user experience in typical application environments shall be performed continuously as well and results shall be used for scenario definition updates. The investigation of interference mitigation techniques (such as LDC, DAA, LBT) is a major task for regulation updates besides the investigations about the realistic impact of UWB on other radio services in principal, which is targeting to define certain base protection level. Theoretical studies and practical measurements shall be performed based on suitable system models to assess coexistence issues between UWB devices and existing radio systems and services. It is expected, that the work on mitigation techniques started in the frame of PULSERS Phase II
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project by some individual partners will be continued in EUWB concerning RADAR and WiMAX and will be extended in particular to the NGNW after the WRC 2007. Theoretical and practical investigation of mitigation techniques will be performed within WP9 with the scientific and technical support of WP2 and the applications definition support of WP8, specifically concerning the targeted (automotive, home, heterogeneous access/cellular networks and public transport) environments. As an example for a detail the specific attenuation models for UWB signals propagating for the individual application scenarios of major interest for the industrial partners will be created to be used in the regulatory process to support realistic (economic viable and technically possible) transmit power levels. The impact on the performance of UWB radio devices due to existing wireless systems and various other UWB radio devices shall be investigated/followed as well, as the economic feasibility of the new and advanced UWB services has to be ensured by allowing operation with the required quality parameters. Therefore it is equally important to assess the impact on UWB radio system performance owing to regulatory constraints as well, to investigate potential performance gains and possible new application spaces under a regime of possibly relaxed spectral constraints. The use of an increasing amount of UWB practical measurement data will make a significant difference to previous investigations as the base UWB technology will be available in sufficient quantities during he runtime of the EUWB project. European regulatory bodies to be addressed are CEPT ECC TG3 (if still existing at that point in time, otherwise WG SE and WG FM), the Radio Spectrum Committee (RSCOM) and the national regulatory bodies as well as every representative organisation of so called victim services being able and willing to perform common coexistence investigations (positive examples from recent work of individual EUWB project partners are the German Air Navigation Service (DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH), the German Army (Bundeswehr) and also the European Commission Joint Research Center in Ispra, Italy). EUWB will support the aeronautical regulation body in co-operation with the AIRBUS company, which will be member of the advisory board of EUWB. T9.2.2: World-wide Regulation It is interesting to note, that BOSCH, for historical reasons, is official member of ITU and can participate in all official ITU meetings on the same level as national administrations are allowed to. Although in ITU TG 1/8 the work on some specific questions related to the introduction of UWB has been (temporarily) finished without agreeing on a common specific recommendation for adoption of UWB regulation, it is expected, that the topic will be further discussed on ITU level, in particular after the WRC 2007 conference has been finished and the new bands and use conditions for the Next Generation Networks (NGNW) have been identified. Here the consortium has a unique chance to provide direct input into that process without going through the instances of the national administrations and CEPT, which is an additional possibility, planned to be followed in parallel as well. The consortium is addressing an update of the regulation for UWB in general to make the use of the upper bands (above 6 GHz) more feasible for the applications envisaged. The FCC rules in the U.S.A. are the most relaxed, compared to the world wide situation, but still provide only a very low output power spectral density (PSD) level. In particular at radio frequencies above 6 GHz this yields to extremely short distances due to strong attenuation of the radio signal as well as due to higher losses in the devices implementation technology addressing mass markets. EUWB partners will provide input to the FCC targeting an update of the U.S.A. regulation in terms of increased PSD level in the frequency range above 6 GHz. Experiences from the advanced stage of the interference mitigation discussion in the European regulation process shall be used for achieving this target. Close co-operation with WiMedia and American companies is planned for this action. In Japan a national regulatory committee of Ministry of Internal Affair and Communications (MIC) is discussing the UWB-RT regulation, where the 7.2510.26 GHz-band shall be opened for the use, which would leave only 1.25 GHz common band with Europe, where the band currently opened is from 6.0 to 8.5 GHz. It is planned to continue support of the MIC and to set up a Memorandum of Understanding with the NICT of Japan, which is actively working similar to the European R&D framework programme with larger groups (in case of UWB 20 companies and 7 universities within NICT). The goal is to open the band from 6.0 to 7.25 GHz for UWB in Japan for future use of UWB to increase the common band with Europe and the U.S.A. enabling a global mass market with high volume and therefore low cost devices. Experiences from mitigation technique investigations could help here as well to address a possible increase in PSD as in the U.S.A. case. The third major activity of world wide regulation will focus on China. China Radio Administration Bureau, the radio management organisation of China, is responsible for setting up regulation rules on UWB-RT use. MII State Radio Monitoring Center is working closely together. In the past there has been very close co-operation with the IDA of Singapore with some of the EUWB partners in former EU funded UWB R&D project PULSERS. EUWB will continue to co-operate with IDA of Singapore to provide the experience from the European regulation process in order to enable an innovative UWB-RT regulation
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in Singapore as well. Currently individual partners, such as BOSCH, GWT and THA have contributed also the recent public consultation of the IDA concerning the introduction of UWB regulation in Singapore. The goal is clearly to align with the ideas developed so far (mentioned above concerning PSD and band usage) and work together with IDA to realise this in Singapore as well. Task 9.3: Standardisation Activities [M01M40] Both, the European as well as the world-wide standardisation activities are to be performed under the lead of this task. However, the detailed technical requirements and required investigations are planned to be provided by WP2, WP6, WP7 and WP8 sub-tasks as identified in the project logical cluster information flow defined in Section B1.3.1.1 of this document. The main activities in this task are to: Contribute to the development of new and update of system concepts and architectures emerging in international standardisation bodies, in particular the IEEE 802.15.4a, PT1900.4, the ETSI TG31a/c and the ECMA 368 effort. The intention is mainly to support the work using the technical results and expertise developed in EUWB; Analyse effects of possible system constraints imposed by newly emerging standards and regulations; Assess standardisation requirements for a joint VHDR/LDR-LT operation (i) inter-operability as well as ii) inherent embedding LDR-LT functionality in VHDR devices; Leverage the strength of the EUWB community and external partner alliances when preparing contributions to PHY/MAC or protocol adoption standards processes or promoting new initiatives; Co-ordinate specific technical work and common actions within EUWB in support of new initiatives towards PHY/MAC standards for VHDR and LDR-LT UWB radio devices and services; Attend important meetings of standards organisations, committees and expert groups and report relevant decisions and actions to the EUWB community; Identify opportunities and co-ordinate actions in the PHY/MAC standards area that a) are of common interest to the EUWB community and b) complement related independent actions by individual EUWB partners, e.g. the extension of the standards towards scenario awareness and cognitive signalling; Contribute to the development of specifications which enable the adoption of UWB technology within other technology families including Bluetooth and Certified Wireless USB. T9.3.1: European Standardisation EUWB WP9 members are active driver for the major European regulation activities currently ongoing, namely ETSI TG31a for UWB communication devices, ETSI TG31c for UWB location tracking and sensing devices and ECMA for UWB communication and ranging. The partners will continue generating application specific ETSI system reference documents (SRDoc), but not only based on their own specific needs but based on the requirements and system parameters received form WP8, T8b.1 and T8b2.1 as well as WP6, T6.1. Following the initial requests they will continue then generating an ETSI standard for the specific application (or in EUWB case family of applications) by generating an ETSI standard (update) for the LDR wireless communication and location tracking and for the VHDR based applications. Drafting and actively supporting the standards in the relevant ETSI, CEPT and regulatory bodies will achieve the final target to get the ERM meeting approval and to pass successfully the public consultation in the national standardisation organisations (NSOs). In addition to the above mentioned groups the EUWB project members will actively support the creation of a ETSI task group defining cognitive signalling methods and techniques to be applied for future enhanced data aided mitigation techniques mode. A first workshop concerning this topic took place already in February 2007 in Sophia Antipolis together with the SDR topic. A fourth major initiative of this task would be the active contribution to the European Computers Manufacturers Association (ECMA) standardisation update of the ECMA 368 standard in order to include the required hooks identified in WP6, WP7 and WP8. Initial issues identified are the definition of the location handling (as it may help for regulation, if certain frequency bands in certain environments will be avoided, e.g. in the aeroplane a certain sub-band should not be used and thus the access points in the cabin must inform the terminal devices about the fact, that they should not use certain frequency band. Further additional modes will be requested enabling potential merging the technologies with LDR-LT for more efficient UWB system implementation. T9.3.2: World-wide Standardisation Besides two major standardisation fora, the IEEE and the ISO, this tasks focuses also on the participation in various industrial alliances and interest groups such as Bluetooth SIG, Zigbee Alliance, UWB-IF Forum, WiNet (part of WiMedia), where the EUWB partners are active members. Concerning IEEE there are currently two activities identified for EUWB participation, the 802.15. and 15.4 TG4a focusing on mesh-networking and on the finalisation of the first version of an LDR-LT PHY and MAC standard
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respectively as well as on the P1900 TG4 (recently renamed SC41, DySPAN) focusing on the definition of the cognitive signalling and elements in future communication networks. EUWB members have significantly influenced with their contributions and with their active leadership the standardisation processes in these groups up to know (partly supported by the project PULSERS) and plan to continue this efforts in the EUWB project. Also 802.15.3c will be followed actively as there the wireless HD is being defined using 60 GHz radio frequency, what is similar to the planning of the EUWB for QoS enhancement in the home and public transport application environments. Another important aspect is the update of the international UWB standards, ISO/IEC 26907 and 26908, being transferred from the ECMA 368 to ISO. The changes of the ECMA standard (as envisaged from the EUWB consortium) need to be reflected in an update of the corresponding ISO/IEC 26907 and 26908 standards as well. Within the industrial alliances the partners will influence the appropriate working groups towards an adoption and realisation of the EUWB application scenarios. In this way TESD supported by STC will influence the Bluetooth SIG especially to enable a kind of semi-BT v3.0/wUSB approach in a standardised way also in the frequency range below 5 GHz. In WiMedia the target is clearly to extend the standard to more robust modes as well as towards increase of data rate and definition of ways for co-operating MACs of LDR-LT, VHDR and 60 GHz PHY building blocks combining them into a single end user device. WiNet and WUSB will be definitely addressed as well, as the networking aspects play a key role in the application scenarios. To a certain extent some partners will use their resources/EC-funding to further strengthen their involvement in appropriate bodies/groups, e.g. WiMedia. Task 9.4: International Co-ordination [M01M40] The main objective of this task is to: Liaise and co-ordinate co-operation with other FP7 projects and international consortia dealing with UWB. As an example, key EUWB partners intend to have co-operation with the WiMedia, wireless USB forum and with the Bluetooth SIG; Leverage EUWBs potential in advancing matters of UWB radio regulation and standards by active interaction with key partners outside Europe and co-operation with European and international consortia, e.g. other FP7 projects, WiMedia, TELEC Japan, Bluetooth SIG. EUWB intends also to participate and to provide contributions to European clusters/projects dedicated more generally to regulation (not only dedicated to UWB radio) such as an Spectrum and Resource Management cluster (S&RM) within EC DG INFSO unit D1 cluster activities; Contact and keep active communication to the various application industry organisations, e.g. in case of automotive industry groups it would be organisations like SARA and European Commission DG Research Joint Research Center in Ispra, Italy. But also direct contacts to companies like Daimler and others are planned to be continued from the previously running PULSERS Phase II project; Co-ordinate the dissemination of regulatory and standards related information as well as the exchange of such information with the allied organisations. Deliverables D9.1: World-wide regulation and standardisation overview D9.2a/b/c: Regulation and standardisation plan (initial/updated/final) D9.3: Contributions to update the ECMA standard Milestones M9.1: M9.2: M9.3: M9.4: M9.5:
(M02) (M06/M18/M27) (M30)
Formatted Formatted
World-wide regulation and standardisation overview Regulation and standardisation initial plan ready Initial application and technology requirements evaluated Updated application and technology requirements evaluated Regulation and standardisation final plan ready
(M02) (M06) (M10) (M22) (M28)
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B1.3.7 Efforts for the Full Duration of the Project

Part. n 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Short name GWT TESD PHI BOSCH CEA LUH CNET CWC EADS TID THA VTT WIS UZ ACO TESUK UNIBO UDE UIL HTW STC FBC BITG CTU UPB WRC TOTAL 1021 06 Total person months 8690 0 121 84 92 100 103 110 98 67 76 96 69 101 81 81 92 0 76 119 70 53 22 15 30 16 24 32 1,8121 ,918
WP1 848 18
WP2
WP3
WP4
WP5
WP6
WP7 1
WP8 1 25 74 60
WP9
76 8 16 98 22 14 87 16 16 76 7 10 69 24 37 18 10 15 34 11 44 33 12 28 73 30 39 54
2 2 32
12 56 14 4 3 3 23 36 30
48 12
12 29
16 20 32
51 21 12 5
36 9 26
6 10 10
10 16 8 32 2202 68 211 2312 41 160 1581 66 256
20 16 3674 03
107
Table 1010: Person months per partner and work package.
B1.3.8 Tentative Planning of Reviews

Review n 1 2 3 Tentative timing, i.e. after month X = end of a reporting period After M12 After M24 After M40
Planned venue Brussels Stuttgart Munich
Comments, if any 1st periodic review 2nd periodic review final review
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Table 1111: Tentative schedule of project reviews.
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B2 IMPLEMENTATION B2.1 Management Structure and Procedures

The basic purpose for project management is to ensure the proper level of co-ordination and co-operation amongst the project consortium members. Additionally, project management has the following responsibilities: project administration, project organisation, management of the technical progress of the project, co-ordination with the European Commission (EC) projects and other interested parties. All of the consortium partners have had previous experience of working in EU consortia or working in large, complex, international projects. An overview of the most important parts of the project management structure is illustrated in Figure 33Figure 33. The fact that EUWB will be the logical follow-up project of several previous advanced R&D project activities, public co-funded as well as industrial projects, allows to base the organisation of management structure and activities on the experiences made in the past, which has been evaluated as very successful during the previous company internal and external project review by independent reviewers and the European Commission. However, lessons learned from experiences of several partners in a number of previous large R&D projects have lead to the development of an additional, new and innovative logical link structure for the project management. This will allow to ensure an intensive communication and collaboration between different work packages, which is essential for the success of the project. The approach has been developed by the EUWB co-ordinator and detailed in the MB preparing the EUWB project proposal. It is called logical clustering. It will be explained in Section B2.1.1 in detail. The management activities necessary to successfully carry out the project are described in the following sections. This outline is based on the excellence of the partners involved and might be slightly adapted at the kick-off according to the most recent requirements at this point in time. They comprise administrative and technical issues, including the legal framework and the organisational structure of the project. Furthermore, a roadmap of meetings and workshops and related activities as well as quality assurance procedures and steering tools are described. All activities mentioned are based on the general management structure explained in greater detail in the next sections. The project management encompasses six main administrative and technical tasks: Set up and maintenance of the management structure; Communication within the consortium and external relation maintenance; Co-ordination and organisation of consortium-wide activities; Control and allocation of resources; Control of technical activities and quality assurance; Risk monitoring and possibly contingency.
B2.1.1 New and Innovative Methodology of Managing IPs by Logical Clustering of inter-WP Tasks B2.1.1.1 Introduction
In order to optimise the development flow and the task distribution between the different work packages in the EUWB project a clustering will be used as a co-ordinating structure. A cluster of tasks from different involved work packages will be established for a given time frame with well defined inputs and outputs. In the initial project plan four main clusters around the development of the applications are identified and will exist from the beginning of the project: Heterogeneous Network Cluster; Public Transport Cluster; Automotive Cluster; Home Environment Cluster.
These clusters will have the goal of co-ordinating and consolidating the developments in the different work packages and tasks in the WPs towards the final demonstration and definition of the specific application systems.
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The final integration work will be performed in the corresponding application WPs. As input the implementation and developing results provided by the research and implementation tasks will be used. A specific task in a WP can participate to several clusters. Based on the development results in the clusters the application areas shall generate and initiate the needed inputs towards regulation and standardisation. In this sense a cluster is a structure in the project to formalise the co-operation of tasks belonging to different WPs. The cluster head shall belong to the corresponding application WP. He shall organise and monitor the collaboration between the tasks towards the identified outputs. Thus he can guarantee the needed inputs towards the final application system. During the runtime of the project new clusters are expected to be established around appearing challenges, e.g. intra-UWB coexistence or antenna implementation issues, in order to group the needed tasks and thus resources from different WPs together to address the identified issue in an efficient manner. The inputs and contributions to the cluster process might not only come from the project itself but rather can be extended to external inputs from other IST project, the official project clustering or other external inputs like general industry requirements, regulation or standardisation inputs.
B2.1.1.2 Cluster Process

The initial input to the application clusters will be the scenario definition and the high level application requirements coming from the application WPs (Cluster Milestone 1, CM1). Based on this initial scenario definitions and requirements the individual tasks included in the cluster will develop the system specifications of the overall application systems and the planned demonstrations. They will identify the needed actions in the research and implementation tasks and will evaluate the feasibility of the planned demonstrations. The outcome of this step will be the system requirements and the demonstration platform requirements at CM2 (Cluster Milestone 2). This outcome will be a set of documents (deliverables, internal reports) coming from the different tasks. Furthermore, the application system requirements and the feasibility study will be used as an input towards the regulation and standardisation activities in WP9. In a further step the development and implementation work will be executed in the scope of the cluster towards the final application system. The final output of the cluster work will be a set of building blocks and platforms for the final integration into the application on system level and demonstration level (Cluster Milestone 3, CM3).
Figure 3232: Example of cluster process flow. This flow is depicted in Figure 32Figure 32. The cluster represents a logical grouping of tasks belonging to different WPs. The cluster structure shall guarantee the information flow and the collaboration between the involved tasks. The co-ordination in the cluster can be done by document exchange, internal cluster milestones and regular cluster meetings. The cluster leader will be responsible for the delivery of the defined results. The cluster process will allow to efficiently co-ordinating the resources in the different work packages towards the realisation of the final application systems and demonstrations. The main inputs to the cluster process are the scenario definition from the application areas. The main outputs are a set of requirements, specification, regulation and standard inputs and finally the building blocks and platforms for the demonstration integration activities in the application work package.
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B2.1.2 Organisation
The first task of the project management is to evaluate the final experiences and final project evaluation results from the previously running R&D projects on UWB and then set up and later on maintain the EUWB management structure. In order to ensure a smooth start of the project an EUWB project office supporting the PM and acting as a central contact point to the consortium is already available in parallel to early activities from the first day and even two months before the project will actually start. It will include a dedicated EUWB financial administration and a project Internet/Intranet portal. Remaining bodies of the management structure will be set up after the start of the project according to the rules laid down in the Consortium agreement. The Co-ordinator has already prepared and will further develop a web-based shared workspace to the consortium (https://www.euwb.eu/). This will constitute the project server (also referenced to as EUWB Intranet portal) and is a secure web-based system enabling collaboration over the Internet. It provides services for electronic document management, group management, event notification, calendars, archiving, etc. Access rights to the various areas will be granted according to security needs very flexible. In addition there will be a public EUWB web site available (http://www.euwb.eu/). All official public EUWB deliverables will be available on the public EUWB web site. The complete set of issued official deliverables including restricted and internal ones are stored on the EUWB Intranet. The European Commissions Project Officer and reviewers will be given access to a sub-set of the EUWB Intranet containing technical and contractual documentation whose circulation is restricted.
B2.1.3 Co-ordination and Organisation of Consortium-wide Activities

All activities within the project will be co-ordinated according to the management structure and decision making rules laid down in the Quality handbook. To provide the necessary information, discussion and interaction a system of bi-weekly MB phone meetings with WPL reports and of intermediate (six months) individual partner reporting has been developed. Workshops, MB and TB meetings will be held on a regular base. For example, the MB meetings a bi-weekly phone conference of about 12 hours has proven to be very efficient already in previous projects and is planned to be applied in EUWB. The PM will be in charge of setting up and updating a calendar of meetings and events. Further project meetings may be planned whenever urgent issues will need to be resolved on request. The host of the meeting will provide logistics and accommodation information to the participants. The project intends to run virtual electronic meetings whenever feasible and appropriate using information and communication technologies available. Face to face meetings will be organised by the partners in rotation. Meetings are invited by the corresponding chair: the WPL for a WP workshop (and even Task Leader for a task meeting if required) and the project co-ordinator for a MB (or TB) meeting. The chair will send a draft agenda for the meeting by e-mail. Depending on the kind of meeting (phone or physical) the agenda will be provided in sufficient time before the meeting takes place. For phone conferences the agenda will be send in general latest one working day before the meeting takes place (preferably two working days before). This allows updates and comments from partners involved and at least two hours before the meeting takes place the final agenda needs to be sent by email to all participants. The agenda will be sent in general at least fifteen calendar days prior to the date of the meeting for physical meetings, allowing for potential comments from all partners involved within one week. Final agenda is to be sent no later than five calendar days prior to the date of the meeting. For all EUWB Management Board and project level meetings, the presence of the PMs, the QM and all WPLs (or any representatives of their respective companies), is mandatory. Exceptions (for example in case of national holidays in particular partners state) have to be announced before the meeting to the PM.
B2.1.4 Control and Allocation of Resources, Control of Technical Activities, Quality Assurance
The management has to focus on information flow, reporting and evaluation of results to ensure an effective and successful course of the project. The central issue of the technical management is to assure high quality research and integration development as well as an optimised dissemination of new results among the consortium. Quality assurance is dealt with by the Quality Manager in first stage and in the next stage by the Management Board.
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A high quality standard of information, reports and deliverables is of essential importance for the project. Thus quality objectives and quality assurance procedures have to be developed and applied. For that purpose, the Quality handbook applied in EUWB will be updated according to the evolved requirements in a regular manner. The main objectives of this QHB are to achieve clients satisfaction, to increase the consortium internal efficiency and to increase the quality of the project results. Three main types of clients can be identified: The European Commission in connection with the contract; The EUWB project partner; The potential EUWB external end-users of (or people and companies interested in) EUWB results and representatives of regulation authorities, e.g. the Radio Spectrum Committee, including European research centres.
The QHB will be maintained throughout the entire duration of EUWB by the Project Manager. Therefore, progress and changes in the project will be documented in a sequence of versions. In the following paragraphs some parts of the quality assurance provisions to be followed are given.
B2.1.5 Information Flow

A key for success of large research projects like EUWB with 22 partners is to ensure comprehensive information of all participants at any time of the project run time. There are three basic directions required for project internal top level information flow: First is top-down information flow from project management to work packages and to all project partners. This is required to distribute administrative information received from the EC as well as Management Board decisions. There are three basic means for the Project Manager to inform the consortium: the regular weekly MB phone meeting (including the WPLs, PM and EM), the regular monthly EUWB project newsletter and on demand transmissions on the WP-all email list reaching at least one responsible person of each project partner organisation. Second is horizontal information flow between different work packages which is organised by two basic means, the regular weekly MB meeting with all WPLs participating and the distribution of draft deliverables with early stage results between different work packages. For this reason a specific section in the EUWB intranet exists. Further in each WP there are responsible partners defined being in charge of information exchange with each of the other WPs. Third is the bottom up information flow from all partners to the project management. There are three means foreseen: the periodic reporting (bi-annual intermediate project internal, annual review report) of administrative data, the ad-hoc email contact to the WPL and PM and the technical results reporting via WPL and QM to the PM. In addition there is bi-directional information flow between partners within work packages required. This is organised by design notes, requests for comments and WP level regular monthly phone conferences. The frequency of WP phone conferences will be adjusted to the actual work load, which is not linearly distributed. A new method applied in EUWB is the clustering principle, where dedicated tasks from different work packages are interfacing directly with each other in a common working structure called a cluster. This structure is a temporary construct, which was developed during the project preparation and will ensure, that the groups working on similar subjects and building on the results of each other are in touch on a regular basis. There will be cluster meetings in a monthly frequency.
Besides the virtual meetings (phone and video conferences, email and reporting) there will be physical full project meetings of at least two full days every 6 months. Besides information flow between PM and partners there will be also co-located WP level physical meetings. Project external information flow is channelised in general via the Project Manager. There is bi-directional administrative information flow from the consortium to the EC as well as delivery of technical project results from the project to the EC, i.e. from WPs via QM and PM. Exceptions are technical publications and contributions to regulation and standardisation organisations, which are organised by the appropriate technical WPs. The information flow structures as descried above will ensure convergence of technical results in different work packages. It enables early detection of tendencies of divergence or incoherent working assumptions. Administrative information will be distributed to all project partners and the periodic reporting will enable early detection of resource and expenditures spending deviations to enable appropriate counter actions by the project management.
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Optimal motivation of partners for creative contributions even exceeding their contractual obligations can be achieved by information to the point. However the design of the appropriate information flow mechanism is an optimisation task, as it is equally important not to overload participants with information, which would decrease their sensitivity level. Further it is important not to ask too frequently for administrative and working reports to keep the efficiency high doing actual research work. Experiences from the former R&D projects show, that project internal reporting is a very useful and widely accepted by all participants as extension to the annual periodic reports mandatory to the EC. Therefore an intermediate reporting (internal) every 6 months after the EC reporting is introduced. The information flow within EUWB is characterised by some general rules, which are detailed in the Quality handbook: All project documentation is provided in the English language; Before each meeting a draft agenda will be distributed in advance in which the topics are clearly named and available input for discussions is provided. After each meeting, minutes of meeting (MoM) document will be provided by the hosting organisation. The MoMs will be approved at the following meeting or will be approved automatically after 30 calendar days after release of MoM if no objections are received by the releasing organisation. MoMs are official project documents, which have to be stored on the EUWB intranet in dedicated sections; All project documents will be produced electronically with the tools defined in the QHB for documentation; All project documents will be available via the intranet on the secure EUWB Internet platform provided by the Project Co-ordinator.
B2.1.6 Reporting
Three important types of regular reports will be prepared by partners and WPLs to be transferred to the European Commission, these are: Project specific Deliverables according to the deliverable list as provided in Table 8; Intermediate reports in form of interim reports (containing technical as well as financial information according to the definition in the QHB; these reports are not mandatory by the EC but are defined by the consortium in order to be able to monitor the project progress and consumption); Technical and financial reports in form of periodic reports, according to the rules laid down in the FP7 Grant Agreement, Annex II, Part A, Section 2, Article II.4); Technical and financial reports in form of final reports, according to the rules laid down in the FP7 Grant Agreement, Annex II, Part A, Section II.4, containing a final publishable summary report covering results, conclusions and socio-economic impact of the project, a report covering the wider societal implications of the project, including gender equality actions, ethical issues, efforts to involve other actors and spread awareness as well as the plan for the use and dissemination of foreground; Financial report on the distribution of the Community financial contribution between beneficiaries. This report has to be submitted 30 days after the last receipt of the EC grant to the budget (final payment).
Besides these regular reports any supplementary reports will be prepared on request of the Management Board and/or the responsible Commissions Project Officer. According to the document FP7 Grant Agreement, Annex II, Part A, Section II.4 the above mentioned reports will in general be delivered electronically at latest 60 calendar days after the end of the reporting period. The delivery address will be specified in the targeted contract and the data of delivery is the arrival data at the delivery address. In the following a brief explanation of the reports mentioned above is provided (based on document FP7 Grant Agreement, Annex II, Part A, Section 2, Article II.4 as well as on the experience and lessons learned in the previous EC funded R&D projects). Project specific deliverables. The schedule of deliverables to be submitted to the Commission is specified in Annex I to the contract. The reports will be sent as electronic version. This will be done timely to ensure that they will have arrived at latest one months after the reporting period at the Commission. The contents is defined in Annex I to the Grant agreement. Before the deliverables will be sent to the Commissions Project Officer they will undergo a project internal review and approval process, which is described in Section B2.1.8.
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Interim reports are specified here as Quarterly Management Reports. In addition to the reports defined in article II.4 of Annex II to the contract, the Co-ordinator will submit to the Commission supplementary management reports every three months (QMR, Quarterly Management Reports). The QMR will provide, for the reporting period: The technical progress and achievements of the project; The project status; Work started; Work completed; Work delayed; Status of deliverables; Remedial actions required, if applicable; Resources expenditure by sub-project, work-package and activity; Absolute values for the reported period; Aggregated values (actual vs. planned).
Periodic reports will be submitted latest 60 days after the end of each reporting period (M09, M21, M336) as defined in Article 4 of the contract. The periodic reports, containing an overview, including a publishable summary, of the progress of work towards the objectives of the project, including achievements and attainment of any milestones and deliverables identified in Annex I. This report should include the differences between work expected to be carried out in accordance with Annex I and that actually carried out. It further contains an explanation of the use of the resources, and a financial statement, from each beneficiary together with a summary financial report consolidating the claimed Community contribution of all the beneficiaries in an aggregate form, based on the information provided in Form C (Annex VI) by each beneficiary. (FP7 Grant Agreement, Annex II, Part A, Section II.4). Final reports. In addition to the periodic reports for the last reporting period, the consortium shall submit the following final reports to the Commission after the end of the project. These final reports summarise the projects activities over its full duration. A final publishable summary report covering results, conclusions and socio-economic impact of the project. A report covering the wider societal implications of the project, including gender equality actions, ethical issues, efforts to involve other actors and spread awareness as well as the plan for the use and dissemination of foreground. A report on the distribution of the Community financial contribution between beneficiaries. This report has to be submitted 30 days after the receipt of the final payment. The PCC will collect the information provided. All reports will undergo an evaluation routine by the Management Board under the supervision of the Quality Manager to assure good quality. The MB is authorised to reject improper reports. If the whole report is approved, it will be passed to the Commission. If there is a partner seriously in delay in submitting adequate data, the MB is authorised to submit only the high quality parts to the Commission. All project reports mentioned in this section (except on-line preparation of some of the socio-economic questionnaires by the individual partner) are subject of a project internal review process, which is described in Section B2.1.8.
B2.1.7 Projects Publications

Provisions are made to ensure co-ordination, consistency and quality of publications for the benefit of the projects reputation. A second purpose is to give visibility within the project to any public relation activities of the partners. All project related papers and presentations made by project members to an audience outside the project consortium must be approved by the responsible Work Package Leader, with information and forward of the material to the Project Manager. All publication material will be stored on the project server in the intranet section publications.
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The approval procedure aims mainly to ensure a coherent dissemination and a consistent view from outside of the project. It needs to be ensured by double checking, that no conflicts in this sense are generated by publications of project partners. As an IP project is large with more than 20 partners it may happen occasionally that a partner is not up to date with the latest point of view and results from other work packages. However, the WPLs participating in the bi-weekly MB phone meetings with the oral work package reports are very familiar with the recent developments in all project work packages. Therefore it will be easy for a WPL to check for coherence with the project current status. However, this could be any WPL or the PM as well, but as the WPL is leading the WP where the publication originates he/she is assumed to be specialist on the subject as well and will therefore be able to check for an appropriate quality level as well. Permission will normally not be withheld. The WPL has to be informed by e-mail about the document (or presentation) title, abstract or summary and the targeted audience or conference. In general the WPL should have access to the manuscript five days before paper submission deadline (if any) in order to allow for feedback and if necessary one more iteration. Three working days are allowed to the WPL for response; none response means approved. Informal presentations based on published papers do not need approval. However the presentations should be made available to the project via the responsible WPL and must be stored on the project intranet section for such publications. For presentations and papers given in a language other than English, an English abstract is requested.
B2.1.8 Internal Evaluation

All periodic project reports and other project deliverables are subject of a quality evaluation review by MB members. The MB is authorised to reject reports and deliverables and ask for modifications in order to fulfil contractual requirements and ensure coherent project approach. In case of serious disagreements about the contents and quality a special meeting of the whole MB will be held to solve the issue. The Management Board may propose a remedy plan for the respective deliverable if possible and agreed upon with the defaulting partner. If no solution is possible, the Project Assembly may decide upon contractual changes.
B2.1.9 Decision Making Structure B2.1.9.1 Management Model

The management model used in EUWB of the project is planned to be an extended one to facilitate development of specific aspects of the UWB systems developed in EUWB. This structure recognises the fact that certain target objectives of the project span multiple work packages. The applied management model is based on a three layer structure for steering and controlling the scientifictechnological and administrative progress framed by a direct share of all partners in decisions affecting general and strategic questions, e.g. termination of contract or acceptance of new partners. The structure of the management model is given below. The highest-ranking body in any case will be the Project Assembly (PA), which consists of one representative of each partner. Due to financial, time as well as effectiveness reasons, the invocation of the PA shall take place if decisions on vital and strategic matters or any matter that cannot be solved by any other means, have to be taken. For the day-to-day running and the management of the project a Management Board will be set up, consisting of the Work Package Leaders and extra board members. The main task of the Management Board is to support the Project Co-ordination Committee above all in scientific-technological questions but also with respect to certain administrative tasks. For example, the Management Board will review reports or deliverables and decide on approving or rejecting these. The Project Co-ordination Committee (PCC) will be the executive body that is steering and controlling the project. It is responsible for assuring a smooth collaboration within the consortium. It will handle all emerging problems and is able to take decisions. In doing so, it includes the Management Board or the Project Assembly as appropriate. The PCC consists of the Project Manager, two Deputy Project Managers as well as of the Quality Manager (QM), who will be appointed by the Co-ordinator. The Project Manager (PM) is the single contact point to and for the European Commission. While the PM is responsible for chairing the PCC, the QM will have a very influential role on all matters relating scientific and technological work and the DPM on dissemination and exploitation matters.
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Since both the Project Manager and the Quality Manager are Work Package Leaders and therefore members of the Management Board, a close collaboration and interaction between MB and PCC will be guaranteed. The workload of the project will be performed by all partners in different levels of collaboration according to the respective task. The work will be organised in main work packages, most of which will be made up of sub-work packages. There will be one co-ordinator for each work package, called Work Package Leader (WPL), responsible for the timely and proper production of the work packages deliverables.
Figure 3333: Management model for EUWB. In previous meetings the consortium has already designated certain partners due to their expertise and involvement in the project to tasks such as co-ordinating the project, participating in the MB or the PCC. In the following sections the different bodies of the management structure as well as the respective members will be explained or named in further detail. GWT as the Project Co-ordinator (PC) will take over the responsibility for project management. It will act as the project leader for administrative as well as for the financial management of the project. GWT will appoint the Project Manager (PM) and set up a project office to provide a single contact point that is continuously available to the IP. The PM will be appointed from one of GWTs senior level representatives with a high expertise in management issues as well as with a compatible scientific background. The Project Manager will utilise internal and external management processes and tools to support the efficient and effective implementation of the project. He is the administrative and financial chair of the project, issues the cost statements to the Commission and communicates all other outputs and reports after approval of the Quality Manager. He will act as the prime interface for external contacts. In managing the project, the Project Manager will be embedded in the PCC and thus supported by the Quality Manager (QM).
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B2.1.9.2 Quality Manager

The approach of joint co-ordination of EUWB by the Quality Manager and Project Manager (and his deputies) has been chosen to handle, with maximum effectiveness, the breadth of UWB technology and its exploitation potential and acknowledges the complexity of the network and its diversity of objectives and tasks. The Quality Managers position is devoted to a representative of EUWB industrial partners playing a significant role in the technical part of the project, with a broad technical understanding of the System domains of the project. This does not necessarily require to cover all technical details of each work package nor to have expertise in all technical areas of the project but implies to have experience which enables him or her to be able to transversally address various parts of the project, e.g. protocols, base-band, integration, performance assessment. Due to their technical experience and knowledge, the Quality Manager will play an influential role in the project which exceeds tasks of a purely administrative character. He will not substitute the WPLs in managing the specifications, design, development and tests of each individual module pertaining to such work package. He has no influence on the fabrication processes and methodology chosen by each organisation for the production of hardware modules or components and pieces of object code. QM chair Technical Boards and technical meetings focussing on a technical field and, in close co-operation with the PM, to whom they refer, are together responsible for the overall technical policy and direction of the project. It is for him to approve outputs of the technical work packages and related documentation, the main assessment criteria are related to: The fulfilment of the technical objectives, including overall performance; The interface specifications and respect between parts pertaining to different work packages; The verification and assessment methodology, including related aspects; The development and measurement tools; The coherence with respect to the planned development schedule; Targets, as specified in the technical annex of the project.
The Deputy Project Manager (DPM) is elected from an industrial partner having an important role in the project. The DPM needs to have comprehensive technical experience and the ability to perform in his role as deputy. The DPM has a key technical advising role, and his position is also part of the risk assessment and prevention strategy implemented within EUWB. The DPM is a member of the Project Co-ordination Committee (PCC) and is involved in all relevant decision making processes of the PCC. The deliverables issued by each Task Leader (TL) or Work Package Leader (WPL) will be delivered to the QM in an appropriate form (agreed upon in the Quality handbook) which allows for assessment (content and date of issue). If necessary, additional information will be requested by the QM and provided by the WPL, in order to clarify and improve the assessment work. The QM will update on a regularly base the technical work. He has also an overall responsibility for the deliverables generated in the work package.
B2.1.9.3 Project Co-ordination Committee (PCC)

Under the control of and in compliance with the decisions of the Project Assembly, the Project Co-ordination Committee shall co-ordinate and monitor the implementation of the project. The Project Co-ordination Committee assumes overall responsibility towards the Project Assembly for liaison between the parties. In the relevant cases, the Project Co-ordination Committee shall make proposals to the Management Board or directly to the Project Assembly. If, during a period of 7 days, no veto has been issued by one of the parties of the Project Assembly, the proposal will be considered as accepted. The PCC shall meet at least once a year. Extraordinary meetings (which can be held via telephone or internet) may be called in at any time at the request of any member or by one of the WPLs. The PCC is composed of the PM, the DPM and the QM. It decides about medium to high level management issues, including exploitation, financial, planning and control matters. The PCC monitors the implementation of the project. It is responsible for the successful completion of the project and the exploitation of the results. The PCC shall be responsible for:
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Supporting the Project Manager in fulfilling all obligations towards the European Commission; Ensuring that all work meets functional requirements; Providing project management in relation to the activities of the possible panels on technical, financial and/or exploitation/dissemination issues; Reviewing and proposing to the Project Assembly budget transfers in accordance with the contract and the annual implementation plan; Proposing changes in work sharing, budget and participants to the Project Assembly; Deciding on the annual implementation plan for approval by the Project Assembly prior to its submission to the European Commission; Agreeing on press releases and joint publications by the partners with regard to the project; Agreeing on procedures and policies for dissemination of knowledge from the project which is not to be used by the parties; Preparing annual reviews; Managing resources in order to meet schedules and goals; Ensuring the quality of the project, including the definition and management of the documentation policy (presentation revision and referencing, change tracking, filling in the project repository, confidentiality, level management); Approving or rejecting major outputs generated under the sub-projects or work packages (technical results, change proposals); Tracking of costs related to joint budget; Reconciliation of conflicts concerning but not limited to access rights; Creation of technology implementation plan and its updating; Ensuring compliance with legal and ethical obligations.
Decisions in the PCC shall be taken by majority if no veto is issued by one of the members. In this case, a decision of the MB or Project Assembly shall be summoned.
B2.1.9.4 Panels
The Project Co-ordination Committee shall have the right to set up panels to advise and support it in the proper management and co-ordination of the project. These panels, which have an advisory role only, may be working on special technical or administrative questions. One of the panels, expected to be established, will be an Exploitation Panel dealing with the exploitation of the projects results. Management Board (MB) The Management Board will support the PCC if necessary in all issues including scientific-technical questions, exploitation, financial, planning and control. It will act as a supervisory board monitoring the implementation of the project by holding progress meetings or extraordinary conventions (also via telephone, internet). The Project Manager chairs the MB and is responsible for the preparation of the agendas, co-ordination of the meetings, and production of the minutes. The MB meeting will cover: Project monitoring; Co-ordinating and scheduling of tasks; Annual reviews; Updating the work plan and selection of technical alternatives; Countermeasures for significant deviations of the plan; All budget-related matters; Approval and submission of deliverable reports as well as of annual reports and important documents for external issues.
In principle, decisions require a majority of 75 % of all votes. Voting via phone, fax, e-mail/internet is possible. By 25 % of its votes the MB can summon a meeting of the Project Assembly.
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In situations, in which a decision is critical for the constitution of the project and cannot be reached by the Management Board, the Project Assembly shall decide on the respective matter. In cases affecting the project in its vital interests, the MB in collaboration with the PCC shall prepare the decision making process of the Project Assembly. This procedure has to be applied especially in following cases: Authorisations of significant plan changes; Body PCC Project Co-ordination Committee Contractual matters. Position Project Manager (PM), Leader of WP1 (WPL1) Quality Manager (QM) Deputy Project Manager (DPM) Deputy Project Manager (DPM) Leader of WP2 (WPL2) Leader of WP3 (WPL3) Leader of WP4 (WPL4) Leader of WP5 (WPL5) Leader of WP6 (WPL6 + CL1: HN) Leader of WP7 (WPL7) Leader of WP8 (WPL8 + CL3: TR) Leader of WP9 (WPL9) Cluster Leader 2 (CL2: HE) Cluster Leader 4 (CL4: AU) Extra Board member Extra Board member Partner GWT TESD CEA HTW CNET LUH CWC TESD TID UDE EADS BOSCH PHI BOSCH WIS THA Designated person Hrjehor MARK Kai DOMBROWSKI Laurent OUVRY Sven ZEISBERG Abdur Rahim BISWAS Claus KUPFERSCHMIDT Giuseppe ABREU Kai DOMBROWSKI Ana SIERRA Peter JUNG Sergio BOVELLI Hartmut DUNGER Pejman HAFEZI Stefan GAIER Amir KRAUSE Isabelle BUCAILLE
MB Management Board
Table 1212: Members of the Project Co-ordination Committee and the Management Board. Project Assembly All parties shall be entitled to send one voting representative to the Project Assembly. The decisions of the Project Assembly are legally binding to all parties. The PA may decide on matters concerning: The preparation and final approval of the annual implementation plan prior to the submission to the EC; The acceptance of new parties as well as the exclusion of parties; The alteration of the Consortium agreement; The premature completion/termination of the project; The designation of trustees for handling financial matters.
In remaining cases, the Project Co-ordination Committee has the authority to make decisions. Ordinary meetings of the Project Assembly shall be convened once a year, on which occasion the PA shall consider the report of the PCC, receive and approve the accounts for the past (financial) year, approve the budget and implementation plan for the next (financial) year and decide on acceptance of new parties or withdrawals or exclusion of parties. Extraordinary meetings of the Project Assembly may be convened either by the PM and the QM or at the request of a quarter (25 %) of the parties. Additionally, by 25 % of its votes the MB can summon a meeting of the PA.
B2.1.9.5 Knowledge Management

EUWB partners have defined the IP rights strategy and their approach in a related Consortium agreement on project level. The basic approach which is fair access to the IP rights generated to the benefit of the EUWB partners and towards strong non-discriminatory support to UWB-RT deployment in the products.
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The management of know-how and IPRs activities will be part of the mandates of the PM, the Management Board and in some special cases the Project Assembly. If required, the PA will adjudicate on difficulties that are drawn to its attention related to know-how management and associated matters. In this project the management of know-how, intellectual property and other aspects of innovation are allocated to specific activities within the various technical work packages. They are threefold: First IPR application for inventions and/or solutions that are new, if some, will be prepared by the work package participants. Second information will be disseminated within the project and third information will be disseminated to external bodies such as scientific publications, conference presentations and contributions to standardisation bodies. Before any external dissemination activity takes place the necessary steps for ensuring the protection of IPRs have to be made. This will ensure that the intellectual property will be secured in the interest of project partners. Contributions to external bodies and especially regulation and standardisation contributions will have an impact on global harmonisation of system concepts and even on the success of market strategies by targeting globally compatible application scenarios legal frameworks and technical interoperability. The dissemination of information and the influence, e.g. on standardisation bodies, is a prerequisite for the economic success of IPRs exploitation. The general principles for handling know-how and intellectual property rights within EUWB are stated hereunder and will be settled in a Consortium agreement to be signed by the EUWB consortium at the project start. These principles are in line with FP7 IPR recommendations. Foreground/Background: All results of the project (inventions, software, databases, cell lines, ) and attached rights are called foreground. Background is the information and attached rights which are held by participants prior to their accession to the grant agreement (no side ground) and which are needed for carrying out the project or for using its results. Ownership: each participant owns the foreground it generates. Joint ownership: when the foreground is generated jointly and it is impossible to determine the respective share of the work, participants must reach an agreement. However, in absence of a specific agreement, a fallback solution applies: any joint owner is entitled to grant nonexclusive licenses to third parties, without any right to sub-license, subject to prior notification and fair and reasonable compensation to the other owner(s). Transfer: obligations regarding foreground must be passed on (especially regarding the granting of access rights). Notifications/Objections: Prior notification of transfer only to the other participants who may object if it would adversely affect their access rights or who may waive their rights to be notified in advance regarding specific third parties, e.g. mother companies. The Commission may object to transfers to third parties established in non-associated third countries for ethical, competitiveness or security reasons (where appropriate: requirements to notify the Commission). Protection, use and dissemination: Foreground capable of industrial or commercial application must be protected taking into account legitimate interests. Prior notice of dissemination must be given to other participants (not to Commission, unless no protection, in which case the latter may request to protect on its own behalf). Any dissemination and patent applications must indicate the Community financial assistance. Access right: participants may define the background needed in any manner, and may exclude specific background. It is possible to grant exclusive licenses to foreground if the other participants waive their access rights. The Commission may object to exclusive licenses being granted to third parties established in non-associated third countries for ethical, competitiveness or security reasons (where appropriate, a requirement to notify the Commission will apply). Participants may agree to additional or more favourable access rights than those provided for in the Consortium agreement.
Based on past project experiences, the patent filing process need to be optimised especially for joined patents. A special effort will be taken by the project management to encourage the research oriented WPs and partners to protect the generated knowledge. It is planned to increase the awareness of the importance of IP protection at all levels of the project especially at the participating universities. The project will work on a process of simplifying the joined patenting between universities and industry partners. Here a close collaboration between the corresponding partners is needed.
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B2.2 Beneficiaries
B2.2.1 GWT-TUD GmbH (GWT)
GWT-TUD GmbH is a private company, based in Dresden, Germany. It commercialises high technology developments, provides a framework and offers support for RTD and its industrial exploitation and dissemination. In addition, GWT acts as co-ordinator and manager of large interdisciplinary projects on municipal, regional and international level. GWT was established in 1996 as an independent marketing and exploitation agency for research outputs resulting from the Saxon research community in order to meet the new challenges of technological advancement and growing demands on interdisciplinary planning of exploitation activities. Incorporating a special division of EU research advisers efficient monitoring and co-ordination of interdisciplinary projects is of utmost importance in order to realise the planning and objectives within target time and cost schedules. The company operates a network of branch offices established in major cities of Saxony and employs more than 70 engineers and scientists. GWT has co-ordinated several European research projects. Members of its staff have been acting as evaluators for the CEC. GWT has a broad background and experience both to qualify for co-ordinator and to carry out research activities mostly in close collaboration with universities and research institutions of Saxony. Prominent undertakings: intermobil Dresden, a traffic and mobility related project with 14 partners, a volume of 31m, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Saxon State Ministry of Economy and Labour (SMWA); BioMet, a biotech innovation network with more than 150 partners from industry, science, government, museums, financial services, etc., a volume of 20.5m; M-NOR, an ESA project dealing with the development of a multi-network optimising router. At the European level, GWT was involved in EC funded research projects such as TROCAT and INSUMAT (materials science and technologies) and CALYPSO (telematics and transport). Besides co-ordination of the UCAN and PULSERS first and second Phase integrated projects, GWT is also interdisciplinary engaged in UWB algorithm design and implementation of UWB applications. In the EUWB project GWTs contribution to EUWB will be two-fold: in WP1 GWT will undertake the projects administration and co-ordination. In WP4 GWT will contribute to the technical development and implementation of location aided UWB systems while supporting the European and global UWB related regulation and standardisation activities in WP9 concerning contributions to CEPT ECC TG3 (SE or FM) and ETSI TG31(a/c). The main benefit for GWT will be the close co-operation with partners developing state-of-the-art UWB technology and the further enhancement of GWTs know-how in UWB LDR-LT system integration. Based on the PULSERS Phase II results GWT may increase its activity in ultra low power, low cost communications integrating it with GWTs health care and public transport. Key personnel Hrjehor MARK was born in Budyin (Bautzen), Germany. He completed his studies of electrical engineering at Technische Universitt Dresden (TUD) in 1994, and then worked as an EU research co-ordinator for information technologies at the Saxon State Ministry of Science and Arts. Having close contact with scientists and researchers at universities and different institutes his duties comprised preparation, negotiation, and management support of European projects. In 1997 he was seconded for 6 months as a trainee to the European Commission, DG III Industry. Afterwards, he went back to TUD and joined the Communications Laboratory where he was involved in several European RTD projects. In 2004, he joined GWT and became co-ordinator of the UCAN (IST) project. Afterwards, he was supporting the management of PULSERS and co-ordinated the PULSERS Phase II project.
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B2.2.3 TES Electronic Solutions GmbH (TESD)

TES Electronic Solutions GmbH as member of TES Electronic Solution Group, is a sophisticated high tech technology development company. With more than 150 highly skilled engineers based in Germany, TESD works on technology solutions for communication, consumer, industrial, automotive and finally semiconductor markets. TESD is active in hardware design and integration tasks especially in the field of communication, digital/analog/ RFIC and SOC designs in CMOS and SiGE technologies, antenna designs, wireless module designs, EMC related design methodologies, high speed digital system design, processing MPEG 4 multimedia applications (HW/SW),
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and on comprehensive automotive projects. Wireless solutions and sub-systems in VHF range, ISM bands in 433 and 836 MHz as well as for automotive/industrial radar have been developed by TESD. TESD offers complete wireless design capabilities using GSM/GPRS, Bluetooth, DECT, WDCT, WiFi, Zigbee, UWB (HDR and LDR/ HDR) and customised technologies. TESD is early HDR UWB module implementer in European market, being extensively involved in regulation and standardisation activities in Europe and U.S.A. TESD is ETSI and IEEE member. TESD provides wireless system solutions and expertise, from total system level to component/module level, specialising in systems utilising the wireless communications protocol IP developed in-house. Following vertical markets have been addressed by TESD: telecoms and wireless consumer; professional/ medical; automotive telematics and security/defence. Key personnel Kai DOMBROWSKI received his Masters Degree in Physics from the University of Freiburg in 1996 and his PhD from the Technical University Cottbus, in 2000. Dr. Dombrowski has more than 6 years of professional experience in protocol design for wired and wireless systems, as well as in system simulation and design of broadband wireless systems for local area networks and body area networks. Dr. Dombrowski was involved in UWB projects providing system and protocol solutions for Body Area Network application scenarios. He has authored and co-authored more than 20 scientific papers and several patent applications. Since joining TESD in 2005, he has been working as technical leader for system and protocol design. Karl-Heinz KLOOS received his Master degree in Information Engineering in 1998 from the Fachhochschule Wrzburg-Schweinfurt in Germany. From 1998 he worked for one and a half year at Alcatel SEL in Stuttgart. In October 1999 he moved to TES Electronic Solutions in Stuttgart. Karl-Heinz is Technical Leader in Digital IC Design and has more then 10 years of professionals experience in hardware implementation of wired and wireless protocol designs as well as in Digital Signal Processing applications.
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B2.2.4 Philips Consumer Lifestyle B.V. (PHI)

PHILIPS Innovation Lab is the international know-how centre of Philips Consumer Lifestyle. The PCL drives and provides new concepts and features creating innovations that have substantial positive business impact for Philips Consumer Lifestyle. Philips Consumer Lifestyle is a world player in a wide range of products: TV products: flat (LCD, plasma), CRT. Philips Consumer Lifestyle is a leading TV manufacturer in Europe with the majority of its development resources and headquarters based in Belgium, China, Singapore and The Netherlands. Philips Consumer Lifestyle focuses on displays for home entertainment and infotainment and productivity and the vision is A world where consumers enjoy great entertainment experiences and services whenever and wherever they want; Consumer communications: mobile phones, cordless digital phones; Video products: HTiB, DVD, DVDRW, VCR, TV-VCR; Audio products: systems, separates, portables; Accessories: headphones, recordable media; Computer monitors: LCD and CRT.
The characteristics of products including services of Philips support the brand-promise Sense & Simplicity by being designed around the customer and by being easy to experience. The connectivity of products of Philips enables location-independence of entertainment and infotainment experiences with CE devices without the hassle of manual network configuration which is typical in the PC domain and without the need to install/use connection wires to get the audio/video quality that can be obtained with connection wires and enables refinement and with acceptance of interoperability standards for connectivity in CE devices. Products of Philips enable location independent entertainment experiences with CE devices using remote services offered on the Internet. PHIs contribution to EUWB will be: In WP4 and WP5 with defining system platform requirements for the home environment applications; In WP8 in defining specification for multimode/multiband UWB systems plus location tracking and user localisation for A/V home entertainment applications.
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The contribution involves developing specific algorithms for the specific application and integration of the platforms developed by other partners into the home environment application developed by Philips. Efforts will also be focused on test and verification activities towards the final stages of the project. The main benefit for PHI will be the close co-operation with partners developing state-of-the-art UWB technology and the further enhancement of PHIs know-how programme in this field. Key personnel Kees TUINENBREIJER graduated from University of Delft and Eindhoven (The Netherlands) in Electronic Engineering in 1980. Currently he is Project Manager European R&D projects and is also researcher in a number of R&D projects at the iLab. He started as researcher at the Stichting Medische Registratie (SMR) in Utrecht, The Netherlands. He was involved in the process of quantitative analysis and operations research. He left the SMR in 1985 to join Philips Medical Systems (PMS). In that period he was involved as project leader and has been working in the objective-oriented modelling and design of complex imaging software systems. In 1998 he joined Philips iLab and is responsible for roadmaps (technology, key components, function/feature), project assignments (research, know-how, standard design) and authorisation of standard designs. As researcher and project manager, he is and was involved in many IST and ITEA projects. Pejman HAFEZI graduated with a BEng in Electronic and Communications Engineering in 1996 and a PhD in Radio Propagation Characterisation and Modelling in 2001 both from University of Bristol (UK). During his PhD he was also involved in various projects: the EU funded ACTS AWACS project, NTT (Japan) funded Wireless ATM investigation and Toshiba (UK) funded investigation into impact of human shadowing on indoor radio propagation at 5 GHz. He started his career after graduation with Telia Research AB, Sweden, as a Marie Curie Industrial Host Fellow working on smart antenna systems and MIMO for WLAN applications. He subsequently joined University of Bristol and 3CResearch in 2003 as a Research Fellow working on a project to develop a MIMO demonstrator for audio/video applications. His work also focused on developing MIMO algorithms for 802.11n WLAN systems. Pejman joined the Innovation Lab at the Philips Consumer Electronics in Eindhoven (NL) in 2006 as a System Designer where he is responsible for scouting wireless connectivity technologies of interest to the display domain and Philips Consumer Lifestyle wide WLAN selection activity. Bas DRIESEN graduated from Technical University of Eindhoven (NL) on Electrical Engineering in 2001, where he specialised in Digital Signal Processing and Telecommunications. His current position is Technology Manager for Connectivity within the Philips Consumer Lifestyle CTO office. After graduation he started working at Agere Systems in Nieuwegein (NL) as an R&D Engineer on the Physical layer for WLAN systems. His work focused on advanced MIMO-OFDM baseband algorithm research and development of 802.11a/g and next generation 802.11n Wireless LAN systems. Bas joined the Philips Consumer Innovation Lab in Eindhoven (NL) in 2004, where he was responsible for the Philips Consumer Electronics wide WLAN selection activity and where he led the split architecture project on cable management. In the meantime, he has transitioned to the Philips Consumer Lifestyle CTO office, where he is responsible for scouting connectivity technologies of interest to Philips Consumer Lifestyle. As well he is responsible for standardisation around connectivity technologies and the technical leader of the Philips Consumer Lifestyle connectivity competence team.
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B2.2.5 Robert Bosch GmbH (BOSCH)

With sales of approx. 41.5 billions Euro in 2005, Bosch is one of Germanys largest industrial enterprise, with significant international presence. Bosch manufactures products at 260 locations, 199 of which are outside Germany. Accordingly, 72 % of its sales were generated outside Germany. At the beginning of 2006 a total workforce of some 251,000 were employed in the three business sectors Automotive Technology (63.5 % sales contributions pro rata), Industrial Technology (12.5 % sales contributions pro rata), and Consumer Goods and Building Technology (25 % sales contributions pro rata). That are approx. 13,300 more than in the previous year. Bosch employs some 141,400 employees outside Germany. 1,350 apprentices started in September 2005 with Bosch in Germany, world-wide Bosch employed about 6,000 apprentices, and about 200 postgraduates were supporting in completing their doctoral degree. A large percentage of them retain with Bosch after having obtained their degree. Throughout the world, more than 23,600 employees are involved in research and development for the Bosch Group. In 2005 Bosch invested almost 3.1bn for research and development, equivalent of 7.4 % of sales. In 2004 alone, patent applications were made for more than 2,800 inventions. This makes Bosch the second largest patent applicant in Germany, and the third largest at the European Patent Office.
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Bosch is interested in novel applications using UWB technology for remote sensing, data communication and location tracking. To enable these applications, Bosch is also active in frequency regulation and standardisation within ECC and ETSI, contributing numerous technical inputs and standardisation proposals. Within the EUWB project, Bosch will be the driving force to introduce UWB applications into the automotive area. Two exemplary applications, one for wireless communication and one for location tracking, will be investigated. Our intention is to demonstrate the benefits of UWB technology inside a car and to lay the foundations for an efficient product development of applications based UWB technology. Key personnel Jrgen HASCH received his Diploma in Electrical Engineering from Stuttgart University in 1996 and his Dr.-Ing. degree in 2007. In 1996, he joined the Robert Bosch GmbH as a research engineer in Corporate Sector Research and Advance Engineering. Since then he has been working on a number of topics including millimetre wave radar, ultra-wideband circuit development and antenna design. He has authored or co-authored more than 10 scientific papers and holds more than 10 patents. Stefan GAIER received his Diploma in Electrical Engineering from Stuttgart University in 1998. In 1998, he joined Robert Bosch GmbH as a research engineer in the Corporate Sector Research and Advance Engineering. Since then he has been working on a number of topics including millimetre wave radar, integrated circuit design, ultra-wideband circuit development and RF packaging.
B2.2.6 Commissariat lEnergie Atomique (CEA)

CEA Lti is one of the largest European applied research laboratories in the field of electronics (staff is approximately 900 people). The main activities of CEA Lti are dealing with microelectronics, sensors, microsystems, IC design and telecommunications. Its corporate goal is to bring technological innovation to the European industry (500 patents portfolio). CEA Lti was involved in several R&D projects of the 6th Framework: among them are PULSERS Phase II, e-Sense and Magnet Beyond. CEA Lti studies and designs ultra low power transceivers in CMOS technologies taking into account compliance with IEEE 802.15.4/4a standards. CEA Lti has also experience in distributed localisation and synchronisation based on UWB technology and has a good portfolio of patents and papers on these subjects. Final, CEA Lti has led among the very first UWB channel characterisation campaigns, has strong skills on UWB antennas and is leading IST Oracle project on cognitive radio in which it studies hardware architectures and sending algorithms. In the EUWB project, CEA will provide the UWB open technology platform aiming at providing localisation services for the purpose of the project applications. It will enhance it towards ultra low power, further integration, compliance with IEEE 802.15.4a standard and increased performance in WP7. In parallel, CEA will have research activities on cognitive radio concepts applied to low cost UWB systems in WP2, beam forming cross designed front ends and antennas in WP3 and advanced localisation algorithms using e.g. multimodal systems in WP4. Key personnel Laurent OUVRY received the diploma of French Grande Ecole SUPELEC in 1994 and MSc degree of Rennes University in 1995 with a speciality in RF, antennas and digital signal processing and communications. He joined CEA Lti in 1997. He took the lead of the digital communication lab in 2001. He initiated research programmes on IEEE 802.15.4 compliant ultra low power RF design. Since 2004, he is responsible for impulse radio UWB low data rate projects, is involved in the IST projects PULSERS Phase II and e-SENSE and has been an active contributor to the IEEE 802.15.4a standard definition. Manuel PEZZIN graduated from Supelec French engineering institute in 2001. He has been involved in activities related to broadband optical communications and embedded software design for smart card applications. He joined CEA Lti in 2002 as digital system architect in the field UWB telecommunication. His activities cover system level modelling and specification, digital circuits design (FPGA prototyping and ASIC design) as well as embedded software. Since 2002, he was involved in UWB related projects such as UCAN, PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II. Benot DENIS received the Engineer (2002), MSc (2002), and PhD (2005) degrees from the National Institute of Applied Sciences in electronics and communication systems. He had been pursuing the PhD degree at CEA Lti, in the frame of collaboration with STMicroelectronics AST Geneva. Since December 2005, he has been with CEA Lti as a permanent staff member, getting involved in European research projects. His interests and
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contributions are related to UWB communications and localisation in WPAN and WSN, ranging, positioning and tracking algorithms, and MAC design for ad-hoc networks. Vincenzo LA TOSA received the Engineer degrees from the Politecnico di Torino, Italy, in 2007. He is currently studying at the CEA Lti for the PhD degree to be received from the University of Rennes, France. He published 3 technical papers and he took part in the development of a PCT patent. His interests include UWB communications and localisation in WSN, passive positioning algorithms for ad-hoc networks, and mobile cellular systems.
B2.2.7 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover (LUH)

In 1831, founded by the scholar Karl Karmarsch, the Higher Trade School of Hannover started with only 64 students. In 1879 the Higher Vocational School became the Kniglich Technische Hochschule, the Royal College of Technology. In 2006 during the 175th anniversary of the founding of the former Higher Trade School of Hannover, the University of Hannover was renamed Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover (LUH) in memorial of the great mathematician and scientist. Today there are more than 24,000 students in the natural sciences and engineering, the humanities and social sciences as well in law and economics. 2,000 academics and scientists work at the university in 9 faculties with around 160 departments and institutes. The Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science consists out of the areas Electrical engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology. Interdisciplinary research is integrated in the Information Technology Laboratory (LFI) covering semiconductor physics and technology, design and test of microelectronic devices, architectures of signal processors and the development of signal processing algorithms. The Institute of Communication Technology (IKT) is part of the area Information Technology. Its working area covers the range of communications systems, communication networks and protocols, localisation based services and systems, telemetry for rotating systems, and digital radio broadcasting. With an annual income of around 1m approximately 30 PhD students headed by four scientists are working at the IKT. Special emphasis is placed to research, development and implementation of systems and networks employing the ultra-wideband technology, the MIMO technology and combinations of them. Three labs (UWB communication lab, UWB localisation lab and MIMO communication lab) equipped with state-of-the-art measurement devices allow to validate algorithm research under real-world conditions. In total, the expertise of IKT covers a broad range of signal processing covering information theory, advanced algorithm and systems design, implementation impacts and rapid prototyping of advanced systems with help of the DSP and FPGA technology. In the framework of UWB, IKT hosted the IEEE International Conference on UWB in 2008 in Hannover (www.icuwb2008.org). IKT was also involved in PULSERS Phase II and other national UWB projects and has published around 150 research papers about UWB. Moreover, IKT leads the current UWB initiative in the Wireless World Research Forum (www.wireless-world-research.org). Key personnel Claus KUPFERSCHMIDT was born in Hannover Niedersachsen, Germany, in 1969. He received the Dipl.-Ing. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Hannover, Germany, in May 1997. From June 1997 to may 2001 he worked for Research and Development of Multimedia Systems of Robert Bosch GmbH, Hildesheim, where he was involved in the chipset development for Car Multimedia and Audio Signal Processing. From June 2001 to June 2007 he worked as a PhD-candidate at the Institute of Communications Technology, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover, Germany, where he received the Dr.-Ing. degree in July 2007. Since July 2007 he works at the Institute of Communications Technology, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover, as a Post-Doc. His working areas are MIMO, UWB, WiMAX, channel modelling, rotor telemetry. He further is involved in the BMBF-project starting business for entrepreneurship at the Wilhelm Leibniz Universitt Hannover. Golaleh RAHMATOLLAHI graduated from the Leibniz Universitt Hannover, Germany, in 2006. She is actively involved in the EU integrated project PULSERS Phase II working on cross-layer design for LDR autonomous wireless sensor networks. She is currently studying at the Institute of Communications Technology of the Leibniz Universitt Hannover for her PhD degree. Emil DIMITROV received the MSc in Computer Science and Communications Engineering at the University of Duiburg-Essen, Germany, in 2006. Since then he has joined the research team of Prof. Thomas Kaiser at the Institute of Communications Technology of the Leibniz Universitt Hannover, where he is currently working towards his PhD in the area of UWB and MIMO systems. He has been involved in the IP6 EU Integrated Project PULSERS Phase II WP2a where he has contributed to developing VHDR MIMO MB-OFDM system approaches.
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His main research interests include MIMO, UWB and OFDM based systems, transceiver architecture design and time/frequency signal analysis.
B2.2.8 CREATE-NET (CNET)

CREATE-NET (Center for REsearch And Telecommunication Experimentation for NETworked communities) was founded by some of the most prestigious universities and research centres in Europe, in April 2003. By creating synergies between leading academic institutions, companies and research centres in Europe and around the world, CREATE-NETs objective is to sponsor the highest quality research and innovation, and help convert talent and human capital into Intellectual Property and start-ups for promoting European high tech competitiveness. With a central Institute located in Trento, Italy, our aim is to build a global platform of scientific collaboration and experimentation in communications-driven technologies and applications, thus impacting the communicationsenabled services which improve the quality of life of the global society. Within the EUWB project, CREATE-NET will lead WP2 focusing on how to develop the advanced cognitive UWB capability of spectrum sensing and monitoring, the capability of broadcasting spectrum, time and location related information via the Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC), the capability of optimising the communications and improving the coexistence of heterogeneous wireless networks and terminals, and solving the coexistence issues within UWB networks. CREATE-NET team will also make contributions on how to utilise such cognitive UWB radio capabilities in various application scenarios of the EUWB project, e.g. consumer electronics, automotive, public transport and mobile wireless networks. Beside WP2, CREATE-NET will interact with WP6, on the aspects of multi-radio interface user devices and coexistence studies with future wireless networks. Moreover, CREATENET will also support WP9, by feeding information and technical proposals, particularly on cognitive concepts and coexistence to the relevant standardisation bodies. Key personnel Abdur Rahim BISWAS is currently leading the Spectrum Enablers Group (SEG) within the European Radio Access and Spectrum (RAS) cluster formed by 25 FP6 and FP7 projects. SEG activities cover all relevant areas of cognitive wireless radios and systems. Currently, he is an active member in cognitive radio standardisation body ETSI TC RRS. Mr. Biswas chaired several sessions, panel and workshops which are organised in supporting of EC RAS cluster, collocated in different conferences and EC concentration meeting. He was a guest member in European UWB regulations bodies CEPT ECC Task Group (TG3). He is a co-founder of SAARCCom (South Asian Annual Conference on Communications). At present, Rahim is a researcher in the BROADWAYS GROUP, at CREATE-NET, Italy. He has several years experience in UWB cognitive radio and coexistence. He is finalising his PhD degree on interference mitigation techniques to support coexistence of cognitive UWB radio. He has published about 30 technical papers as well as book chapters. Kandeepan SITHAMPARANATHAN received his PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia, in 2003, with the Cooperative Research Centre for Satellite Systems (CRCSS) on Ka-band receiver design for the Fedsat microsatellite project in Australia which won the Australian Engineering Excellence award in 2003. During this time he also won the Earth Station Satellite Fellow Award to conduct his research with the CRCSS and subsequently worked as a DSP Engineer. From 20042008, he worked with the National ICT Australia as a Researcher and was the chief investigator (CI) for the LaMP project, whilst also working on several other industrial projects on short and long range wireless communications. Kandeepan is currently with CREATE-NET, since 2008 as a Senior Researcher working on the EUWB Cognitive Radio project. Kandeepan has published more than forty scientific peer reviewed journal and conference papers on wireless and satellite communications, and is also an adjunct academic with the Department of Information Engineering at the Australian National University. He also participates in the IEEE SSC, SFERA European ICT Structural Funding Council, the ISI European technology platform, and the ETSI TC RRS groups and in its activities.
B2.2.9 Oulun Yliopisto, Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC)

The Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC) at the University of Oulu is the leading academic wireless communications research centre in Finland and renowned by the world-wide research community. CWCs research is organised in projects that receive external funding from competitive sources outside the university. Significant competencies have been built in short-range communications, broadband wireless access as well as security and defence research areas. CWCs annual budget is around 5m and is composed of funding received from its research partners such as the European Commission, industry and Finnish government bodies.
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Since 1999, when the standard for UMTS was close to being finalised, one direction of CWCs research turned towards new topics including UWB as the next challenge in mobile telecommunications research. High level research activities were carried out on the UWB technology, allowing the CWC to be one the more active research centre in the field. Due to the large effort expended in researching, developing and implementing UWB physical and MAC layer technologies, CWC has unique knowledge and experience of the key technologies. Coupled with the expertise in signal processing, the CWC is nowadays investigating the development for UWB application in low data rate systems applied in location and tracking purposes (LDR-LT). In the EUWB project, CWC will take the leadership of WP4 Advanced Localisation and Tracking. Within this WP, CWC will have active role in the development of advanced localisation and tracking algorithms and it will offer a strong support to the research and innovative activities that will be carried out in the remaining tasks. The expertise of CWC will also be provided to support other research activities in WP2, WP3 and WP8. The main objective of CWC is to define the state-of-the-art in the research areas, in which it is involved. The entire project will benefit of the activity carried out by CWC, in order to implement few demonstrations at the end of the project. Key personnel Matti HMLINEN received his Doctoral degree in Electrical Engineering in 2006. Since 1993 he has been working in wideband radio channel measurement and modelling and in several ultra-wideband research projects as a research scientist and project manager. His current position at CWC is a research director in the short range communication research area. Dr. Hmlinen has been a technical programme committee member of several UWB conferences, a co-editor in a book published by Wiley, chapter editor in a book published by Hindawi Publishing Corporation. He has more than 50 published conference and journal papers. Giuseppe Thadeu FREITAS DE ABREU graduated from the Yokohama National University in 2001. In 2002 and 2003, he taught the courses Laboratory on Fundamentals of Information Technology, at the Faculty of Engineering of the Yokohama National University in Japan, first as a Teaching Assistant and later as a Lecturer. Upon obtaining his PhD, he joined the Centre for Wireless Communications at the University of Oulu, Finland in April 2004, as a post-doctoral research fellow and a project manager of the pan-European Integrated Project PULSERS, becoming an Adjunct Professor (Senior Lecturer) in May 2006. Since January 2005, Dr. Giuseppe Abreu has been the leader of WP4a (in PULSERS) and WP3a (in PULSERS Phase II), and a head of the CWCs PULSERS research team. He is currently the advisor of 2 PhD candidates, Mr Giuseppe Destino and Mr Davide Macagnano, both working on localisation and tracking algorithms. Dr. Giuseppe Abreu has authored or coauthored over 10 peer-reviewed international journal articles and over 40 conference papers, on topics ranging from adaptive array antennas, beam pattern synthesis, space-time coding, estimation algorithms, channel modelling, ultra-wideband communications and signal processing for positioning. Giuseppe DESTINO, graduated from the Politecnico di Torino, Italy, in 2005. He has successfully accomplished advanced studies in wireless communications at the Research Institute of Eurcom, France and the University of Nice, France. Since September 2005, he is actively involved in EU integrated project PULSERS Phase II, and he is currently studying at the Centre for Wireless Communications for the PhD degree to be received from the University of Oulu. He has currently published 5 technical papers on the topic localisation of wireless networks and he has developed a patent within a NOKIAs project. Davide MACAGNANO graduated from the Politecnico di Milano, Italy, in 2005. He is actively involved in EU integrated project PULSERS Phase II, and he is currently studying at the Centre for Wireless Communications for the PhD degree to be received from the University of Oulu. He has currently published 3 technical papers on the topic tracking of multiple devices. Alberto RABACCHIN received the MSc degree from the University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, in 2001, and is currently working toward the PhD degree at the University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. In 2001, during his undergraduate studies, he visited the Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu. In 2002, he joined Agilent Technologies for an internship and, since 2003, he has been with the Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu. During 2005, he was a Visiting Researcher with CEA Lti, Grenoble, France. His research interests include UWB systems with emphasis on receiver structures, synchronisation, and ranging techniques.
B2.2.10 EADS Deutschland GmbH (EADS)

EADS is a global leader in aerospace, defence and related services. In 2005, EADS generated revenues of 34.2bn and employed a workforce of about 113,000. The EADS Group includes the aircraft manufacturer Airbus, the worlds largest helicopter supplier Eurocopter and the joint venture MBDA, the international leader in missile
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systems. EADS is the major partner in the Eurofighter consortium, is the prime contractor for the Ariane launcher, develops the A400M military transport aircraft and is the largest industrial partner for the European satellite navigation system Galileo. EADS Military Air Systems is integrated business unit of EADS Defence and Security Systems Division. In 2005 EADS Military Air Systems reported a turnover of roughly 1.8bn. It employs about 7,600 people in Germany, Spain and France. The headquarters are located in Ottobrunn in the South of Munich including the development centre. The Augsburg based facility is responsible for the production of complete aircraft components, namely the centre fuselage sections for all Eurofighters, and the rear fuselage sections of almost every commercial Airbus type. Manching is the home of Eurofighter final assembly in Germany, and the military system support programmes for Bundeswehr and NATO aircraft. Flight testing as well as maintenance, repair and overhaul of military aircraft take place at this site. EADS Military Air Systems actually concentrates all the activities around military air systems and is therefore going to establish a Military Air Systems Center in Manching. UAV activities, e.g. Euro Hawk and CL-289, are carried out at the EADS Friedrichshafen site. Equipment assembly, integration and mission aircraft tests also take place at Friedrichshafen. Last but not least, the development, production and maintenance activities of EADS Military Air Systems in the field of aerial target systems, together with global coordination of the aerial target services, are carried out here. At ASL Lemwerder, an EADS company, several spare parts of the Tornado as well as parts of the EF centre fuselage are produced. Also some parts of the A400M are manufactured. The EADS Innovation Works are the corporate research facilities of EADS, with sites in Germany, France, Spain, Singapore and Russia. They provide world-class capabilities in aeronautics, defence and space research topics consistent with the EADS research and technology strategy. Covering the skills and technology fields that are of critical importance to EADS, the EADS Innovation Works are organised in five transnational Technical Capability Centres: Composites Technologies Metallic Technologies and Surface Engineering Structures Engineering, Production and Mechatronics Sensors, Electronics and Systems Integration Simulation, Information Technologies and Systems Engineering. The EADS Innovation Works are an operational and strategic entity for the creation of added value by technology innovation. They foster technological excellence and business orientation through the sharing of competencies and means between the various partners of the EADS Group and they develop and maintain partnerships with world-famous schools, universities and research institutes. The German part of the EADS Innovation works in Ottobrunn near Munich and Hamburg employs a permanent staff of 220 people, 70 % of which are senior scientists. It is legally an organisational unit within EADS Deutschland GmbH, the German subsidiary of EADS N.V. Key personnel Sergio BOVELLI received his Master degree in Electronic Engineering in 2001 and his PhD degree in Information Engineering in 2007 from the University of Perugia in Italy. From 2001 he worked for one and a half year at DLR (German Aerospace Centre), institute for Communication and Navigation. In 2003 he moved to the TU University of Munich where he worked until 2005, when he joined the Electronics and Communications group at EADS Innovation Works Germany. His main field of activity is on wireless communication networks for aeronautic applications. He has been involved in several aeronautical industry projects together with AIRBUS and national and international research projects in the area of network and communications for aeronautic application. Frank LEIPOLD received his Diploma degree in Electrical Engineering and Information Technology in 2007 from the Technische Universitt Darmstadt, Germany. 2005 he spent seven month in Australia working on wireless sensors localisation at the University of Technology, Sydney. In 2007 he joined the Electronics and Communications group at EADS Innovation Works Germany as a PhD candidate. His main activity is on wireless communication networks for aeronautic applications. He has been involved in aeronautical industry projects together with AIRBUS and international research projects in the area of network and communications for aeronautic application.
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B2.2.11 Telefnica Investigacin y Desarrollo S.A.U. (TID)

Telefnica Investigacin y Desarrollo (I+D) is the innovation company of the Telefnica Group. Owned 100 % by Telefnica, this subsidiary was formed it 1988, with the aim of strengthening the Groups competitiveness through technological innovation. Since it has been founded in March 1988, its results have been directed at creating value for the clients of the Group, developing high quality telecommunication products, services and systems. In this way, it helps meet their present needs, and, at the same time, creates innovative solutions in anticipation of future challenges.
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Telefnica I+D employs over 1000 persons, of whom 93 % hold a university degree. Based on the criterion of geographical distribution and client proximity, there are currently four different main offices: Barcelona (2001), Granada (2005), Huesca (2004), Madrid (1988) and Valladolid (1999). In June 2002, its first subsidiary, Telefnica Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, opened for business in Sao Paulo (Brazil), followed by the Mexican branch in Mexico D.F. (2004). Telefnicas innovation process, which is largely based on the activities of Telefnica I+D, is based on four fundamental lines of work: infrastructures, development of new services, the deployment of the so-called personal digital environment and, a series of common elements which play the role of for the rest of activities. These for lines contribute to the internal evolution necessary to face the future challenges of the changing Telecom and IT panorama. The company has also in depth expertise in formal methods, object oriented design and programming systems, software engineering tools, real-time systems, data bases and knowledge bases, A.I. tool kits, knowledge representation and reasoning, man machine interface, and software tools for network simulation. The company has a computer centre, a micro software development tools group, and special laboratories, such as an optical transmission one, Smart Home one, Human Factors, or a video services laboratory. All the activities in Telefnica I+D are carried out conforming to an in house project development and management methodology, which has been awarded an ISO 9001 certification since 1994, updated to the new ISO 9001:2000 in 2001. Telefnica I+D respect to the environment is reflected on the creation of an Environmental Management System, awarded the ISO 14001 Environmental certification since 1998 and a large amount of prices to innovation and excellence. Telefnica I+D is aware of the impact of its activities in terms of social and environmental impact in the markets where it operates. Its management system and strategic plan define and provide the guidelines for corporate responsibility and sustainability. Telefnica I+D is and has been involved in a number of European projects in the RACE I, RACE II, ESPRIT II, ESPRIT III, TEN-IBS, TEN-ISDN, CTS, COST, EURESCOM, BRITE, ACTS, IST, Ten-Telecom, e-Ten, e-Content, EUREKA (ITEA, MEDEA and CELTIC) programmes. The Telefnica Group participates in the main standardisation fora for fixed, mobile and wireless communications, convergence, etc. (ITU, GSMA, MEF, OMA, MPF, IEEE, IETF, IPv6Forum, W3C, TISPAN, OSGI, ). Key personnel Ana Mara SIERRA DAZ received her degree in Telecommunications Engineering from the University of Cantabria, Spain, in 1999. Afterwards, she worked on the development of components and electronic devices with SiGe technology for high frequency circuits in the Research and Development Center of Daimler in Ulm, Germany. In 2000, she joined SHS Polar in Madrid, where she was involved in the design of transmitters, receivers and repeaters for mobile communications (GSM 900, DCS, UMTS) for Telefnica I+D. In 2004 she joined Telefnica I+D as a hardware engineer to develop mobile communication systems at the Radiocommunication Systems department. At present, she is working at the Radio System Compatibility group, on activities related to the analysis of new radio access technologies, taking part in projects like PULSERS Phase II. Ana VILLANA PATO graduated from the Polytechnic University of Madrid in 2004. Final degree work: Simulation of multilateration systems for air traffic control. In 2003, she joined Telefnica I+D as internship, working on the development of the control application in the PRAGA project and MAC development on DSPs. In 2004, she joined HI-IBERIA in Madrid, where she carried out activities related to UWB (channel modelling and simulation), OFDM and MIMO technologies (channel and system simulation, FPGA implementation of fixed point algorithms), working for Telefnica I+D. In 2007, she joined Telefnica I+D at the Radio System Compatibility group and she is working on activities related to the analysis of new radio access technologies.
B2.2.12 Thales Communications S.A. (THA)

Thales Group is one of the major leading manufacturers of professional and defence systems Thales Communications S.A. is a subsidiary of the Thales group and is part of its Communications Business Group. The revenue of BGCOM is around 1.5bn, with 9,000 employees in 14 countries. It operates through its subsidiaries in Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, and United Kingdom. Thales Communications S.A. is a world leader in its domain of activity covering satellite communications, mobile radio-communications, naval and infrastructure communication systems, airborne communication, navigation and identification systems both for civil and military aircraft, command information systems, radio-surveillance systems, communications networks, and radio spectrum monitoring.
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Thales Communications develops a full range of telecommunication platforms and components, a range of high performance security products and has a deep skill in secure telecommunications for public and governmental organisations. The entity who will participate to the EUWB project is the SWP entity (Secured Wireless Products) located in Colombes (France) whose mission is to built secured wireless products based on civil wireless standards (WPAN, WMAN, WLAN). This entity has participated in several European IST projects related to UWB, namely UCAN, PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II. In UCAN and PULSERS Thales Communications was responsible of MAC layer definition and MAC S/W implementation. Besides this activity, in PULSERS Phase II, Thales Communications was leading the regulation and standardisation work package. In the EUWB project, the main contributions of THA will be the specification and the implementation of the MAC and higher layers for the open platforms defined in WP7 (for both HDR and LDR-LT) as well as the internetworking between UWB devices and WiMAX devices. Thales Communications will also participate to WP4 in order to participate to the relaying algorithms specifications; in WP5 to study MAC strategies between Bluetooth v3.0 and HDR UWB and in WP8 in order to integrate the WP7 platforms in the dedicated scenarios. THA will also participate to the regulation and standardisation WP to contribute to the UWB standards. Key personnel Serge HTHUIN was born in Cambrai, France, in 1952. He received an Application Engineer Degree in 1974 with a specialisation in Spectrum Analysis. From 1975 to 1978, he was in the Microwave Link Division of Thomson-CSF, on LOS and Tropospheric Microwave links. From 1979 to 1989, he worked in TRT, a PHILIPS subsidiary, in charge of the design and development of radio communication and radio navigation airborne systems such as radar-altimeter based on wide spread spectrum. He joined in 1990 the Thomson-CSF CNI (Communications, Navigation, Identification) Division and in 1996, he became the Head of the Wireless Techniques & Technologies (WT&T) Activity, dedicated to the development of WLAN product and first generation of HiperLAN based on the LWMA concept (Linear Wideband Multiple Access), wide spread spectrum technique. From 1998 to 2000, he was CTO of the Satellite Communications Systems Unit of Thomson-CSF Communications. Since 2001, he is in charge of the Secured Wireless Products (SWP) department in Thales Communications France based on the civil Wireless standards (WPAN, WLAN, WMAN). He is the author or coauthor of papers and patents about WMAN, WLAN, HiperLAN, UWB techniques, and 3D localisation. Isabelle BUCAILLE received the engineering degree from ISEP (Institut Suprieur dElectronique de Paris) in France in 1994. Then she joined the CNI Division of THOMSON-CSF for digital processing studies and MAC simulation in wired and wireless LAN. She has participated in 1997 to the ETSI group BRAN in charge of HiperLAN2 standardisation. In 1998 she was in charge of system definition concerning Stratospheric Platforms (HAPS). Since September 2001 she is in the Secured Wireless Products (SWP) department in Thales Communications France, in charge of the new air interface technologies, in particular for single channel wideband systems and research projects. In the European programmes she has been involved in UCAN, PULSERS especially for MAC and relaying topics and is now leading the work package related to regulation and standardisation in PULSERS Phase II. Arnaud TONNERRE received the engineering degree from ENSTB (Ecole Nationale Suprieure des Tlcommunications de Bretagne) in 2003. His specialisation was on wireless networks. He has been guest researcher at NIST (National Institute of standard and Technology) in Gaithersburg, United States, working on Bluetooth and WiFi coexistence with inputs to Bluetooth SIG standardisation group. Since October 2003, he has been working in Secured Wireless Products (SWP) department in Thales Communications France. He is in charge of the Thales standardisation activities in IEEE committee, especially focussing on UWB Impulse Radio and more generally involved in IEEE 802.15 working group. Moreover he has been involved in the specifications and simulations of mesh networks for WMAN/WPAN. Regarding European programmes, he leads currently two work packages in UROOF IST project, which aims to transmit UWB signal over optical fibre.
B2.2.13 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT)

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland is a governmental multidisciplinary expert organisation. With its around 2,800 employees, VTT provides a wide range of technology and applied research services for its clients, private companies, institutions and the public sector. VTTs technological focus areas are applied materials, bio and chemistry processes, energy, information and communication technologies, industrial systems management, microtechnologies and electronics, and technology in the community. VTTs turnover is 230m.
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In EUWB project, VTT participates in WP3, Multiple Antennas, by contributing to system design as well as developing and implementing application-aware algorithms. VTT has earlier experience in both theory of digital signal processing algorithms and protocols as well as their implementation architectures and technologies. This includes participation in PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II projects. Other relevant EU project examples include STINGRAY, WIND-FLEX, WINNER and WEIRD. Key personnel Aarne MMMEL received the degree of PhD (with distinction) from the University of Oulu in 1996. His doctoral thesis was on diversity receivers in fast fading multipath channels. From 1982 to 1993 he was with the Telecommunication Laboratory at the University of Oulu. In 1993 he joined VTT in Oulu. Since 1996 he has been a research professor of digital signal processing in wireless telecommunications at VTT. Since 2000 he has also been a docent or adjunct professor at the Helsinki University of Technology and in addition since 2004 at the University of Oulu. He visited the University of Kaiserslautern in Germany in 19901991 and the University of Canterbury in New Zealand in 19961997. He is especially interested in synchronisation and estimation problems and system analysis/engineering in wireless digital communications, both in single-carrier and multi-carrier systems. Antti ANTTONEN was born in Oulu, Finland, in 1975. He received the MSc (Eng) and LicTech degrees from the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Oulu, Finland, in 2001 and 2005, respectively. Since 2001 he has worked as a research scientist and project manager in the Multimedia Communications Group (until 2005) and in the Communication Platforms Knowledge Centre (since 2006) of VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. He visited Lucent Technologies in Pennsylvania, U.S.A., during summer 2000. He has been involved with many research projects including EU funded PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II projects which focused on deployment of UWB radio technology. He is currently working towards his PhD degree. His main interests include advanced baseband transceiver algorithms for interference mitigation and synchronisation focusing on wireless mobile and personal area networks.
B2.2.14 Wisair Ltd. (WIS)

Wisair, a fabless semiconductor company, is a leading provider of ultra-wideband integrated circuits and solutions for low cost, low power and high bit-rate wireless applications. Wisair was founded in 2001, has over 100 employees and is part of the Israeli RAD group, a group of independent companies that develop, manufacture and market solutions for diverse segments of the networking and telecommunications industry. Wisair has in-house all the required expertise (RFIC, Analog, VLSI, PHY, MAC, software, system and reference design) and provides complete solutions being a one-stop shop for its customers. As a technology leader in the UWB arena Wisair holds multiple UWB patents and is a member of the WiMedia alliance (board member), the Wireless USB Implementers Forum and the Bluetooth SIG. Wisair has been an active participator and contributor to various European projects in the UWB area: ULTRAWAVES (IST FP5 UWB project) and participated in PULSERS (IST FP6 UWB integrated project), UROOF (IST FP6 UWB and optics project) and PULSERS Phase II (IST FP6 UWB integrated project). Wisair contribution to EUWB project will be in integration and development work related to application platforms based on Wisairs chipsets, and in research regarding the topics such as Cognitive radio, utilising Wisairs experience in similar issues while examining DAA implementation options, and multimode UWB utilising Wisairs intimate knowledge of the WiMedia MAC and its integration with higher layers. Wisair will also take part in the regulation and standardisation activity of the EUWB project, in a continued effort to standardise UWB in Europe and world-wide. Key personnel Gadi SHOR received both his MSc degree in electrical engineering, with emphasis on communications, in 1995, and his BSc degree in electrical engineering in 1990 from Tel-Aviv University. Mr Gadi Shor holds the CTO position in Wisair. Before joining Wisair, Mr Shor worked for DSPC technology. He managed a multi-disciplinary, multi-national team through the development of a W-CDMA reference design handset based on in-house chip set development. Prior to this he worked for DSPC Systems (formerly CTP Systems) holding the CTO position. He supported research, regulation and standardisation activities for the development of WPBX systems based on proprietary U.S.A.-PCS/ISM standards and DECT standard. Mr Shor worked as a System Engineer in the IDF R&D Center, designing and implementing practical wireless communication systems, including high-bit-rate UWB systems. Gadi Shor has over 15 years of hands-on experience in research, simulation and implementation of wireless modems (radio, modulation, coding, channel estimation, synchronisation), protocol stacks (DECT, TDMA, CDMA, W-CDMA) and system aspects of wireless communication systems (indoor propagation, radio resource
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management, QoS, capacity and more). Gadi was the project manager of ULTRAWAVES (IST FP5 UWB project) and participated in PULSERS (IST FP6 UWB integrated project), UROOF (IST FP6 UWB and optics project) and PULSERS Phase II (IST FP6 UWB integrated project). Amir KRAUSE received his MSc degree in electrical engineering, with emphasis on communications, in 2001, and his BSc degree in EE in 1994 from Tel-Aviv University. He holds a senior algorithm research engineer in Wisair. Before joining Wisair, he worked as a research assistant in Ramot Tel-Aviv University, specialising in Turbo decoding algorithms. Prior to this he worked for IDF R&D Centre Signal Corps. Mr Krause was engaged in characterising and analysing state-of-the-art electronic systems and technologies, system engineering and performance analysis, research and analysis of communication/wireless systems air-interface and implementation of systems. Amir Krause has over 10 years of hands-on experience in research, simulation and implementation of wireless systems. He participated in ULTRAWAVES (IST FP5 UWB project), PULSERS (IST FP6 UWB integrated project), UROOF (IST FP6 UWB and optics project) and PULSERS Phase II (IST FP6 UWB IP).
B2.2.15 Universidad de Zaragoza (UZ)

The Aragn Institute for Engineering Research (I3A) is a university institute founded in 2002 at the University of Zaragoza. The Communications Technology Group (GTC) is an academic research group founded in 1992 at the University of Zaragoza. GTC is one of the main sections within the Aragn Institute of Engineering Research (I3A) that has been recognised as a Grupo Consolidado de Investigacin (Quality Research Group) by the Regional Government of Aragn. In addition to the research activities, GTC is involved in three strategic areas of the I3A: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Biomedical Engineering and Optical and Laser Technologies. Members are also involved in teaching undergraduate students in Telecommunications Engineering and Computer Science at the Centro Politcnico Superior (Higher Polytechnic Engineering School), and are actively involved in organising two doctoral interuniversity programmes: Information and Communication Technologies in Mobile Networks and Biomedical Engineering, both of which have obtained a Special Mention of Quality from the Spanish Ministry of Education. GTC members also participate in different scientific and technical forums in order to facilitate the dissemination of results and to provide consulting services. Finally, we promote collaborations with other research groups, both on a national and international level, via co-ordinated projects and international networks. The Mobile Communications Section of GTC, with an average workforce of 12 scientific staff, has been working in the Mobile Communication field for more than eight years. In this sense, the group has been able to perform conceptual studies (numerous Master thesis projects, PhD theses and several publications in high quality magazines have been produced in this field) and to implement hardware demonstrators based on the use of DSP and ASICs as well as the development of planning tools and applications for TETRA and UMTS. On the conceptual studies point of view, the group has been widely involved in CDMA and TDMA issues concerning layers 1, 2 and 3. GTC jointly with Teltronic S.A.U., a Spanish professional communications company, has developed the TETRA standard for cellular professional digital communications. We are responsible for a Wireless Technologies and Mobile Services research laboratory in the Walqa Technology Park in Huesca, Spain. The group has experience in WLAN, Bluetooth and ad-hoc networking technologies (Wi-Fi, UWB, ). In particular in the last years special effort has been addressed to study Packet Radio Networks, Wireless Access Protocols, Radio Resources Management and QoS. The team has participated in a number of research projects funded by the Spanish Science and Technology Ministry and by private industrial companies such as Teltronic, Telefnica Mviles de Espaa, Vodafone, etc. and also in EC funded research projects such as PULSERS Phase II. UZs contribution to EUWB will be focused mainly in two topics, advanced location and tracking and UWB in heterogeneous networks. Concerning advanced location and tracking, UZ will exploit its knowledge in wireless networks in order to develop advanced location and tracking algorithms for heterogeneous networks and to develop enhanced methods based on location awareness for handover, interference mitigation and congestion. Concerning UWB in heterogeneous networks UZ will contribute in the integration of UWB access points in a heterogeneous access scenario, in the development of location aware services for heterogeneous networks and in the study of coexistence between UWB and future wireless networks. The main benefit for UZ will be to increase the knowledge of UWB technology and its application in heterogeneous networks with other wireless networks, especially concerning its location and tracking abilities and the development of location aware services and methods. The close contact to European researchers and
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developers with a common interest in wireless technology will enhance UZs activity in international research projects in this field. Key personnel Antonio VALDOVINOS BARDAJ obtained the Engineer of Telecommunications and PhD degrees from the Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain, in 1990 and 1994, respectively. He has been working at UPC and at the University of Zaragoza (UZ), where he is a full professor. He leads the Mobile Communications and Wireless Technologies Research Group in the I3A. He has been responsible of more that 30 research projects funded by public administrations and by major industrial and mobile companies. He has been involved in the PULSERS-II project working on UWB. He has published more than 100 international journal and conference papers. His research interests include 4G technologies, heterogeneous networks and location techniques. Jos RUIZ MAS received the Engineer of Telecommunications degree from Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain, in 1991 and the PhD degree from the UZ in 2001. In 1994 he joined the UZ, where he is an Associate Professor. He is co-investigator since 1995 of projects funded by public administrations and by major industrial and mobile companies. He has published more than 20 scientific papers. His research activity lies in the area of mobile networks with special emphasis on security, heterogeneous networks and ad-hoc networks. ngela HERNNDEZ SOLANA obtained the Engineer of Telecommunications and PhD degrees from the Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain, in 1997 and 2005, respectively. She has been working at UPC and at the UZ, where she is an associate professor. She is co-investigator since 1997 of research projects funded by public administrations and by major industrial and mobile companies. She has published more than 30 international journal and conference papers. Her research interests include cross-layer design for wireless networks, UWB-based location techniques and 4G technologies.
B2.2.16 ACORDE TECHNOLOGIES S.A. (ACO)

ACORDE is a Spanish SME, whose activities are focused on high technology sub-systems and components for Space, Telecommunications and Defence Sectors mainly related to Radiocommunications systems. The company was created in 1999, it has grown very fast, and nowadays it has business in Europe, Asia, Middle East and Latin America. ACORDE is a young and dynamic business with high R&D capacity, dedicated to design and manufacture (small and medium production series) of radio frequency, microwave and mm-wave components, equipment and systems for satellite and terrestrial communications. Our main activities are system engineering, industrial prototype development and manufacturing of small and medium series. The most important Spanish companies of these sectors are customers of ACORDE (Telefnica, Alcatel Espacio, Indra, Electrnica El Corte Ingls and others). There are three main divisions in the company: 1. RF systems design and developments, digital and analog communication sub-systems; 2. System engineering activities; 3. Home networking, data transmission and network communication. ACORDE R&D: The company has an intense research activity in different field of telecommunications. With regards to 3G ACORDE has developed a radio over fibre system for UMTS to transmit the signal from a B Node to several microcells, up to 16 microcells. It participates actively both in European projects and in the Spanish National Plan of Research. Under the European Research Programme, ACORDE was and is participating in many projects of the 5th and 6th Framework mainly related to WLAN, WPAN and beyond 3G. Some of those European projects where ACORDE participated are WINE, UCAN and Windflex (5th Framework), MAGNET (1st and 2nd phase), PULSERS (1st and 2nd phase), 4MORE and WISE (6th Framework), GREAT and POSIRIS under the Galileo Joint Undertaking, and WINTSEC under the PASR programme. ACORDE will bring its expertise as system designer and developed as well as system integrator. The contribution will be mainly focused on the following topics: Multiband/multimode UWB: Working on the integration and test of the joint verification platform. Advanced location tracking: On the implementation and verification of the location and tracking algorithms over the demonstration platforms selected by WP7. UWB demonstration platforms: Contributing to the platform development and Implementation, mainly on the control and monitoring software, and GUIs.
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UWB applications: Working both on the implementation and development of the application of the public transport application, as well as on the channel modelling and characterisation and system implementation for the automotive environment.
Our experience in UWB systems, as well as in the development of wireless systems in different scenarios, with different requirements, give us the required background for these tasks. Key personnel Manuel LOBEIRA RUBIO was born in Santander, Spain, in 1977. He received his MSc in Electrical Engineering (cum laude) in 2000, and his DEA (pre-PhD degree) in 2005 from University of Cantabria, Spain. His studies were financially supported by the Fundacin Marcelino Botn grant. He has participated in various research projects dealing with system design and channel characterisation for ad-hoc wireless networks. He is working for ACORDE S.A. as Head of the R&D Department, while pursuing his PhD Mr Lobeira has been mainly involved in IST (FPV, FPVI) and Galileo projects. He has published several papers in international conferences and magazines, where he has participated as reviewer and chairman as well. Mr Lobeira is a member of the IEEE and of the Spanish Association of Telecommunications Engineers. Beatriz QUIJANO RUIZ was born in Santander, Spain, in 1978. She obtained her degree in Telecommunications Engineering at the University of Cantabria, in 2003. Her works on coexistence between UWB and legacy radio services started in 2002, while performing her Master Thesis at the Information and Telecommunication Technology Center of the University of Kansas, under the supervision of K. Sam Shanmugan, Southwestern Bell Distinguished Professor. She worked then for Accenture (consulting) in the fields of technological consultancy. Mrs Quijano joined the Communications Engineering Department (DICOM) of the University of Cantabria in 2003 performing interference studies to analyse the influence of UWB and GSM. In January 2004 she joined ACORDE, where she is studying the coexistence between UWB and UMTS or WLAN. She is currently in active collaboration with TG3 of ETSI and RAS Cluster (ICT FP7), dealing with UWB regulation in Europe. lvaro LVAREZ VZQUEZ was born in Oviedo, Spain, in 1978. In 2002 he obtained his degree in Telecommunications Engineering at the University of Cantabria. He worked in the Department of Communications Engineering (DICOM) of the University of Cantabria from 2000 to 2001, developing radar technologies and pushpush oscillators. In 2001 he finished his Master Thesis at the Information and Telecommunication Technology Center of the University of Kansas, working in UWB signal processing simulations, under the supervision of K. Sam Shanmugan, Southwestern Bell Distinguished Professor. Mr lvarez joined ACORDE in May 2002, as Project Manager. Actually he is working in different fields of UWB technologies, from system simulation and hardware design to radio-channel characterisation. He has also re-joined the University of Cantabria as PhD student and Associate Professor in the field of signal theory and electronic circuits simulation.
B2.2.17 TES Electronic Solutions Ltd. (TESUK)

TES Electronic Solutions Ltd. a member of TES Electronic Solution Group and wholly owned by TES S.A., is a UK limited company located in Edinburgh, Scotland, TESUK is a wireless systems design service company, which was originally launched by Thales as a subsidiary in November 2002. Thales built this business by retaining the core resources of the Wireless and Multimedia Group from Cadence Design Foundry, along with Cadences industry proven Bluetooth and DECT hardware and software Intellectual Property. The TESUK wireless team of 20 experienced engineers have been developing wireless solutions together for the past 7 years. TESUK as part of TES Electronic Solution Group, one of the biggest design services businesses in Europe, offers complete wireless design capabilities using GSM/GPRS, low and high data rate UWB, Bluetooth, DECT, WDCT, WiFi, Zigbee and various ISM band and customised technologies, and consists of: 13 design centres throughout Germany, France and UK; Medium volume production facilities in France; 320 design engineers and 300 production staff including: 62 RF ASIC and PCB design engineers; 20 embedded communication software engineers; 6 wireless system architects.
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Key personnel Alexander WEIR graduated from Heriot-Watt University, UK, in 1996. He is a Software Systems Architect at TES UK Design Centre in Edinburgh, Scotland, having previously worked for British Aerospace, Cadence Design Systems and Thales Electronic Solutions. For the past ten years he has been working on embedded software protocol stack development for short range wireless technologies. With a background in Bluetooth and DECT
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protocol stack development, for the past two years he has been focused on UWB MAC and Protocol Adaptation Layers. He is technical lead on TESUK high rate UWB projects and has contributed to PULSERS Phase II WP2/WP2a. Stephen MOSSOM graduated from Lancaster University, UK, in 1993. He is a Senior Software Design Engineer at TES UK Design Centre in Edinburgh. He has previously worked for British Aerospace and Marconi Electronic Systems. Stephen has 13 years experience of real-time embedded software development and has strong knowledge of all phases of the lifecycle. In the last year Stephen has been contributing to PULSERS Phase II WP2a by utilising TES Bluetooth protocol stack IP to create a hybrid prototype which utilises Bluetooth for device and service discovery and VHDR UWB for high data rate communications. Alister KINSMAN graduated in Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Strathclyde University in 1998. A senior software design engineer with TESUK in Edinburgh, he has previously worked across Germany and the UK, for Sony Ericsson, Motorola, Cadence Design Systems, and others. Extensive Bluetooth core stack and profile development, and IOT efforts, give him broad experience of full-lifecycle wireless development, which has more recently been applied to (V)HDR UWB research and development at TES.
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B2.2.19 Alma Mater Studiorum Universit di Bologna (UNIBO)

The University of Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, was founded in 1088 and is considered to be the oldest university in Western Europe. It is one of the most important institutions of higher education across Europe with more than 100,000 enrolled students, 23 faculties, 69 departments, 3,000 academic and 3,000 administrative staff members. The University of Bologna successfully participated in FP6 with a total of 103 projects funded by the European Commission in the different specific programmes. In particular, in the Thematic Priority Information and Communication Technologies the University of Bologna is involved in 27 projects. At the University of Bologna research activities are promoted and co-ordinated by departments autonomously, and this project will be developed by a research group within the Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems (DEIS). The Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems is a research-led institute employing about 70 professors, 40 research associates, 90 doctorate students, 40 graduated research assistants, and several visiting researchers. The Department expertise spans the whole range of electronics, communications, computer science and biomedical engineering. The DEIS research unit that participates in the present proposal works on a wide spectrum of topics in wireless transmission systems, including multi-carrier modulation, ultrawideband systems, multiple antenna systems and low density parity-check codes. In the EUWB project the group role is to conduct research in cognitive radio, multiple antennas and location and tracking techniques for UWB. In particular, the research activity will focus on spectrum sensing, interference classification, spatial interference distribution, spectral sculpting techniques, interference management and coexistence, MIMO-UWB systems, advanced location algorithms, and theoretical enhancements for systems with location awareness. The group is also committed to an intensive dissemination programme. Key personnel Marco CHIANI is a Full Professor of Telecommunications at the University of Bologna. He is a frequent visitor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he presently holds a Research Affiliate appointment. His research interests include wireless communication systems, MIMO systems, wireless multimedia, low density parity check codes (LDPCC) and UWB. He is a consultant to the European Space Agency (ESA-ESOC) for the design and evaluation of error correcting codes based on LDPCC for space CCSDS applications. He published more than 50 journal papers and 100 conference papers, mostly IEEE. He has chaired, organised sessions and served on the Technical Programme Committees at several IEEE international conferences. In January 2006 he received the ICNEWS award For Fundamental Contributions to the Theory and Practice of Wireless Communications. He is the past Chair (20022004) of the Radio Communications Committee of the IEEE Communication Society and the current Editor of Wireless Communication for the IEEE Transactions on Communications.
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Davide DARDARI is an Associate Professor at the University of Bologna. Since 2005, he has been a Research Affiliate at MIT, U.S.A. His research interests are in UWB communication and localisation, wireless sensor networks, OFDM systems. He published more than 90 technical papers and played several important roles in various national and European projects. He is co-chair of the Wireless Communications Symposium of the IEEE ICC 2007, and was co-chair of the IEEE International Conference on UWB (ICUWB) 2006. Currently, he is an Editor for IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, as well as Lead Editor for the EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing (Special Issue on Co-operative Localisation in Wireless Ad-Hoc and Sensor Networks). Andrea GIORGETTI received the PhD degree in electronic engineering and computer science from the University of Bologna in 2003. From 2003 to 2005 he has been a researcher at the Istituto di Elettronica e di Ingegneria dellInformazione e delle Telecomunicazioni (IEIIT-CNR). Since 2006 he is an Assistant Professor at DEIS, University of Bologna. During the spring 2006 he was Research Affiliate at the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (MIT), working on UWB systems. He served on the Technical Programme Committees for the IEEE Int. Conf. on Communications (ICC 2005), the Int. Work. on UWB Technologies (IWUWBT 2005), the IEEE Int. Conf. on Ultra Wideband (ICUWB 2006) and the IEEE Int. Conf. on Communications (ICC 2007). He is Co-Chair of the Wireless Networks and Applications Symposium at the IEEE Int. Conf. on Communications (ICC 2008), Beijing, CHINA, May 2008.
B2.2.20 Universitt Duisburg-Essen (UDE)

According to our credo Leading Innovations in a Communications World the Lehrstuhl fr Kommunikationstechnik at the University of Duisburg-Essen has been establishing its competencies in following fields of expertise: Wireless multimedia applications; Wireless infrastructure aspects and concepts; New techniques of signal demodulation; Reconfigurable, i.e. software defined, and cognitive radio; Smart antennas incl. diversity, beamforming, and MIMO concepts for future radio systems, and Beyond 3G/4G system and transceiver techniques. Scientific and technical consultation in PHY, MAC, LLC, and network layer aspects; Further education in modern and advanced communications technologies; Concept engineering for communication equipment and HW/SW implementations; Real-time demonstrator realisation incl. the DSP firmware development and optimisation, and JAVA based multimedia application development and optimisation. Has earned their track record in about thirty industrial co-operation projects; Has spent more than eighty person years in co-operations; Has collected a strong expertise in international and intercultural collaborations; Has co-operated with numerous large global players such as e.g. Siemens, Infineon Technologies, Samsung Electronics, SK Telecom, Analog Devices, and Texas Instruments, as well as globally active small and medium sized enterprises, e.g. Rohde & Schwarz, LeCroy, IMST and Tyntec; Has contributed to the strengthening of the IPR position of our partners, and Has contributed to the visibilty of our partners in the scientific world.
The services of the Lehrstuhl fr Kommunikationstechnik include:
Since its establishment in June 2000 the Lehrstuhl fr Kommunikationstechnik:
Meanwhile, members of the Lehrstuhl fr Kommunikationstechnik have received recognition by a total of 44 prizes. Among these are awards from Texas Instruments, Siemens, and the German Association of Electrical Engineers (VDE). Recently, the Lehrstuhl fr Kommunikationstechnik was recognised by EEEfCOM for their innovative approach to software defined radio techniques using irregular sampling based receivers, which could be demonstrated and validated in one of the three hardware test-beds developed and implemented by the Lehrstuhl fr Kommunikationstechnik. Key personnel
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Peter JUNG received the diploma (MSc equiv.) in physics from University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, in 1990, and the Dr.-Ing. (PhDEE equiv.) and Dr.-Ing. habil. (DScEE equiv.), both in electrical engineering with focus on microelectronics and communications technology, from University of Kaiserslautern in 1993 and 1996, respectively. In 1996, he became private educator (equiv. to reader) at University of Kaiserslautern and in 1998 also at Technical University of Dresden, Germany. From 1995 until February 1998 he has been involved in the ACTS project FRAMES (AC090) as the project team manager at the University of Kaiserslautern, also representing the University of Kaiserslautern in the FRAMES project Co-ordination Committee. In the scope of the ACTS project FRAMES he was involved in the development of joint detection algorithms and the definition of the TD-CDMA based mode of the FRAMES air interface proposal and the Core Task Demonstrator where he was the editor of a most important deliverable on the demonstrator concept. He left the University of Kaiserslautern in March 1998 and from March 1998 till May 2000 he was with Siemens AG, Bereich Halbleiter, now Infineon Technologies, as Director of Cellular Innovation and later Senior Director of Concept Engineering Wireless Baseband. In June 2000, he became Chaired Professor for Communication Technologies (Kommunikationstechnik) at the Gerhard-Mercator-University Duisburg. In 1995, he was co-recipient of the best paper award at the ITG-Fachtagung Mobile Kommunikation, Ulm, Germany, and in 1997, he was co-recipient of the Johann-Philipp-Reis-Award for his work on multicarrier CDMA mobile radio systems. Professor Jung served as chairman of the Fakulttentag fr Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (FTEI) e.V., and member of the board of VDE/VDI-GMM. He has been member of the editorial board of IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications and Springer Journal of Wireless Personal Communications. His areas of interest include wireless communication technology, software defined radio, and system-on-a-chip integration of communication systems. Guido H. BRUCK has been with the faculty of electrical engineering of the Gerhard-Mercator-Universitt Duisburg since 1984. He joined the department Communication Equipment and Systems (Nachrichtengerte und anlagen) since then and worked in the field of source image coding. He developed a method to improve the quality of source coded images which contain high saturated colours. This can be done by considering the gamma distortion and compensation, which can be found in nearly all common image transmission systems. He adapted this method to image transmission systems like JPEG (Joint photographic experts group) and MPEG (Moving pictures experts group). The image quality can be improved compared to a standard JPEG or MPEG encoding or the amount of encoded data can be reduced by having the same image quality compared to a standard JPEG or MPEG encoding, if the image contains areas with high saturated colours. When Prof. Peter Jung joined the faculty in June 2000 the name of the department changed to Communication Technologies (Kommunikationstechnik). Since then, Dr. Bruck has worked in the field of software defined radio and on adaptation of source coding methods to mobile communication systems. He is now Akademischer Oberrat (Senior Member of the staff) at Kommunikationstechnik, being responsible for the administration of Kommunikationstechnik and managing several industrial projects.
B2.2.21 Technische Universitt Ilmenau (UIL)

Technische Universitt Ilmenau is located in the centre of Germany and has a long academic tradition since 1894. It hosts about 7,000 students in fourteen different majors. In addition to intensive basic research, applied and industrial-oriented research has become a trademark of the university. Since 2001 the Thuringian Ministry of Science, Research and Art (TMWfK) has been funding a long-term focus programme on mobile communications at UIL with the involvement of more than 10 different research laboratories including the Communications, Microwave and RF, Measurement Engineering Research Labs. UIL will take active part in the MIMO work in WP3, WP4, and WP9. Ilmenau University of Technology was one of the pioneers in broadband multi-dimensional high resolution channel sounding. Gathered results and experience of measurement campaigns during the last 10 years is unique and led to a highly sophisticated channel sounder device. The channel measurements are the key to develop, verify, and improve efficient algorithms for applications like DOA/DOD estimation by super resolution techniques (ESPRIT, SAGE, ) or MIMO transceiver schemes. The research activities related to the broadband channel sounding can be summarised by following topics: Development of novel device architectures for broadband real-time channel sounders; Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) measurement and modelling; Superresolution parameter identification and modelling of multi-path propagation; Measurements in various environments; Link and system level simulations based on measured data; Realistic performance evaluations of mobile radio links based on measurements.
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Ilmenau University of Technology has also experience with the development of UWB measurement technology working in different frequency bands (DC to 5 GHz, 3.510.5 GHz). The electronics uses MLBS signals instead of sine waves or pulse signals. This allowed high device integration resulting in a small, lightweight device with high measurement rate and low power consumption. The research activities related to UWB field of experience can be summarised by following topics: Development of system architectures for correlative UWB radar; Design of very fast UWB signal generation and data acquisition circuits based on integrated Si-Ge circuits and LTCC ceramic modules; Design of UWB antennas and RF interfaces; GPR application of UWB radar and landmine detection; Industrial and medical application of UWB electronic; Location and navigation in multi-path environment; Ultra-wideband real-time channel sounding.
Key personnel Reiner S. THOM has been a Professor of Electrical Engineering (Electronic Measurement) at Ilmenau University of Technology since 1990 and from 1999 until 2005 he was the director of the Institute of Communication and Measurement at the same university. He received the Dr.-Ing. (PhDE.E.) from TH Ilmenau in 1983. Fields of research include: Measurement and modelling of mobile radio propagation channels including MIMO and ultrawideband, space-time signal processing, system identification and high resolution parameter estimation, spectral analysis and correlation measurement, time-frequency and spectral correlation methods. Reiner Thom is Fellow of IEEE, member of German VDE/ITG and URSI (Comm. A). He is the chairman of IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Soc. TC-13 Measurement in Wireless and Telecommunications and a frequent reviewer of IEEE Trans IM, VT, AP. He is an elected reviewer of Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and became speaker of the DFG-focus project UWB Radio Technologies for Communications, Localisation and Sensor Applications. Wim KOTTERMAN graduated in 1984 from Delft University of Technology, Delft, NL, in Applied Physics on wave-field extrapolation for seismic acoustics. After two years of development of industrial acoustic equipment, he changed to the radio communication research lab dr. Neher Laboratorium of KPN in the Netherlands. As researcher involved in the standardisation of GSM, Kotterman was the official Dutch representative in the COST projects 207, 231, and 259. The main topics were radio propagation for coverage prediction, comprising developing measurement methods and equipment, performing and analysing measurements, and propagation modelling. In 2000 he took a job as associate professor at the former CPK at Aalborg University, Denmark, where he received a PhD in 2004 on the use of multiple antennas on small handsets. In 2005, he joined the Electronic Measurement Research Lab at TU Ilmenau, Germany, where his research activities are spatio-temporal channel characterisation and modelling, UWB localisation, Time Reversal techniques and high resolution measurement methods indoors for diffuse fields. He was active in the EU-FP6 NoE Newcom and is a delegate to COST2100. Rudolf ZETIK is a research assistant at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology at Ilmenau University of Technology, Germany. He received his PhD degree at Technical University of Koice (Slovakia) in 2001. His research interest include following areas: digital signal processing, frequency/timefrequency signal analysis, ground penetrating radar, spread-spectrum, digital modulations and CDMA, ultrawideband systems, real-time channel measurements including MIMO and ultra-wideband and positioning.
B2.2.22 Hochschule fr Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden (HTW)

Hochschule fr Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden is located in Dresden, the heart of silicon Saxony in the south east of Germany. HTW was founded in 1992 being the second largest university in the area. The combination of technology, business and art is characterising the scientific environment and the academic life. Facilitating 8 faculties, 180 full professors and more than 4,800 students the university is large enough to realise interdisciplinary project work and teaching with high degree of synergy effects in practice. On the other hand the moderate size allows still the professors to care personally about the individual student. Numerous new laboratories, a highly sophisticated computing centre, an excellent research service are characterising the research environment. Besides teaching the HTW is establishing a centre of applied sciences, research and development for industrial partners. National and international well known departments are the automotive research laboratory and the research laboratory Technische Elektrostatik. Since 1998 a centre for applied research and technology is existing at
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HTW (ZAFT e.V.). There specialists from different areas such as construction, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering work together towards highly innovative system concept solutions. Key personnel Sven ZEISBERG graduated from Dresden University of Technology, Germany, in 1994. He has been involved in several research projects considering the physical layer of wireless communication systems since then. He received his PhD degree with summa cum laude in 2002 from Dresden University of Technology. Prof. Zeisberg is IEEE member. He published more than 30 technical papers. Interests include, but are not limited to, digital signal processing, multi-carrier communications and ultra-wideband communications. He was leading PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II integrated projects and is active in ECC TG3 as well as in ETSI TG31c. He became full professor for telecommunication technology at University of Applied Sciences (HTW) in October 2007. Markus WEHNER studied information systems engineering at Dresden University of Technology (TUD) and finished it in February 2009. During his studies he was involved in the implementation of UWB demonstration platforms especially in the field of image processing. Currently he is working as research engineer at the HTW responsible for LDR topics. In parallel he is studying at TUD for his PhD degree, related to the field of localisation.
B2.2.23 Staccato CommunicationsArtimi Ltd. (STC)

The former company Artimi Ltd. has been renamed Staccato Communications Ltd., following its merger with Staccato Communications Inc of San Diego, Ca. Staccato Communications provides WiMedia Ultra Wideband (UWB) solutions for systems that require low cost, small footprint and low power consumption. Staccatos Ripcord2 product family of 65 nm all-CMOS ICs include RF, digital baseband, MAC, memory, processor, I/O and 128-bit AES encryption engine. Various interfaces are supported including PCIe, USB 2.0 Host, USB 2.0 Device, and SDIO 2.0 Device. Staccato has taken a leading role in the definition of the UWB industry including the formation of the WiMedia Alliance, and has contributed strongly within WiMedia, USB-IF and Bluetooth SIG on the standardisation of UWB technology. Key personnel Peter TRAPPS is a Principal Engineer at Staccato Communications Ltd. (formerly Artimi Ltd.). He holds a BSc from the University of Kent and an MSc from University College London, and has over 30 years of experience with industrial control, video telephony, broadcast and wireless technology companies including Honeywell, ST Microelectronics and Symbionics. Within WiMedia he has been active in the development of the platform certification test specifications, and is a member of the Certification and Registration Board. He leads the implementation of the Staccato WiMedia MAC.
B2.2.24 FBConsulting S. r.l. (FBC)

FBConsulting S. r.l. is a newly created micro SME in Luxembourg with the main activity in the domain of short range wireless devices. The activities covered are: Spectrum management and regulation; European and world-wide standardisation; Project management and organisation for R&D projects in the field of short range wireless devices; Consulting activities for companies and universities in the field of wireless communications and the corresponding regulatory and standardisation environment; Technology transfer from the University R&D and Project R&D results into the market place; IPR and knowledge management.
FBConsulting is member of ETSI and contributes actively to the development of the UWB standards in Europe and world-wide. The founder Dr. Friedbert Berens is an expert in the field with several years of experiences in the domain of R&D projects, regulation and standardisation. Key personnel Friedbert BERENS received his diploma in 1992 from the University of Kaiserslautern, Germany. From 1992 to 1999 he was member of the scientific staff of the Centre for Microelectronics at the University of Kaiserslautern In 1996 he joint the University of Kaiserslautern ACTS-FRAMES (AC090) project team. He received his PhD degree in 1999. In the same year he joint STMicroelectronics, Geneva Application Lab. Here he worked on the development of advanced algorithms for the use in UTRA-FDD and TDD systems. Since 2004 he has been
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involved in the ST internal UWB development. As Senior Principal Engineer he was responsible for regulation, standardisation and future evolution of UWB systems including 60 GHz systems. In 2008 he created the consulting company FBConsulting S. r.l. where he is the CEO.
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Bitgear Wireless Design Services d.o.o. (BITG)
Bitgear Wireless Design Services d.o.o. is a small innovative Serbian enterprise. The company is working intensively on building its own IPR under its own brand. The core of the new set of products to be launched during 2010 is the Vehicle Dynamics Technology a sophisticated technology based on principles of inertial navigation which is envisaged to be implemented in vehicle road safety devices. The technology is optimised for embedded applications. Besides this BITG has been actively involved in providing fully customised hardware related set of design services during the R&D process of new products. These namely include: wireless and wired networks customisation and design according to standards; PCB design optimised per cost and functionality; embedded software design; DSP hardware and software; reconfigurable computing based systems; general purpose software design. As a service provider the company is specialised in implementations and customisations of PHY layers. The company maintains close connections with academic institutions in Serbia, the Electrical Engineering Schools in Belgrade and Ni, with a goal to provide a stable basis for future evolution. BITG is a member of the embedded.rs industry cluster (www.embedded.rs). Key personnel Dejan M. DRAMIANIN is founder and CEO of the company. Mr. Dramianin brings over 10 years of experience gained in international technology companies. Prior to founding Bitgear, he worked at California-based design services company Signum Concepts Inc, where he established and managed Belgrade (Serbia) engineering team. His areas of expertise are digital signal processing applications, mixed signals electronics design and production, and Software Defined Radios. He holds the MSc degree in Electrical Engineering from the School of Electrical Engineering of the Belgrade University, and is active in academic society. Vukain PEJOVI is the VP Business Development and Marketing the company. His extensive expertise in industry lays in different types of reconfigurable and embedded computing based systems interconnects design and deployment, including security related aspects of wired and wireless networks. He holds the BS title in Electrical Engineering from the School of Electrical Engineering of the Belgrade University, and MSc degree from Universidad Politcnica de Madrid. Srdjan TADI is a VP Digital Signal Processing and specialist in inertial navigation systems. He is the main contributor and architect of the Vehicle Dynamics Technology, Bitgears technology for advanced, low-cost vehicle road safety devices. He also has profound knowledge of telecommunications systems and their design. He holds a MSc title form School of Electrical Engineering of the Belgrade University.
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esk Vysok Uen Technick v Praze (CTU)
Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU; in Czech VUT) is the largest technical university in the Czech Republic. Established 1707, it has a 300 years long history of providing higher education in all technical disciplines. Currently, it has 7 main faculties and numerous research institutes. Every year around 23,000 students are enrolled into variety of bachelor, master, and PhD study programs. The Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FEE) provides education in the fields of electrical engineering, automation, telecommunications, informatics and computer science. FEE has strong research background based around numerous research groups and PhD study programs. FEE has long established record of the co-operation with the industry. The Digital Radio Communications (DiRaC) group headed by Prof. Jan Skora is a research group focused on the physical layer research problems. The DiRaC group has expertise in PHY layer transmission technique, modulation, coding and signal processing demonstrated by the activity in research, EU projects and co-operation with the industry. Particular topics covered by their research and results from the application of those results in the industry are: Linear and non-linear space-time coded modulation for MIMO systems, Linear and non-linear receiver preprocessing for decoding complexity reduction, Iterative decoding and synchronisation in parametric channel, FG/SPA algorithms for iterative decoding with various constraints (modulation waveform, H/W imperfections, complexity limitations, differential detection etc.), OFDM based space-time coded systems, Implementation of the PHY layer in DSP for space-time coded OFDM system developed for Dicom company (PR20 personal radio
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receiver), the DiRaC laboratory actively develops experimental testbed for 22 MIMO communication system in 2.4 GHz band devoted to the evaluation and verification of the PHY layer DSP/FPGA processing and algorithms. Key personnel Jan SKORA is head of the Digital Radio Communications (DiRaC) group. He became full professor in 2007, PhD in 1993, MSc in 1987, all at Czech Technical University in Prague. The research activity of Jan Skora focuses on the digital transmission technique (modulation, coding) and physical layer signal processing. Particular targets are spatial diversity MIMO systems, non-linear space time modulation and coding and iterative and distributed processing (detection, synchronisation). He is author of more than 70 papers in that field. He has experience as a project leader and member in number of national projects (GACR, MSMT-OC) and also EU projects (COST, Copernicus). He has served as a TPC member on large number of IEEE conferences (ICC, GlobeCom, WCNC, VTC, PIMRC, ISWCS, APCC, EW) and serves as active reviewer for number of journals (IEEE-T-COM, IEEE-T-SP, IEEE-T-WC, IEEE-L-COM, ET-COM, IEE-P-COM). He actively co-operates with the industry. He has developed the PHY layer processing for PR20 MIMO communication system manufactured by the Dicom company. Martin MAEK starts it PhD studies in the DiRaC laboratory under a supervision of prof. Skora in 2010. He recently worked on Modulation and coding for Hierarchical Decode and Forward strategy in Multi-Node/Source Wireless Networks as a part of his master thesis and also under national research project. His particular focus was on i) information theorethic analysis of the rate regions under various complementary side-information exclusive constellation alphabet (including multi-dimensional and MIMO) and channel parametrisation constraints, ii) practical synthesis of the coding/modulation scheme for selected special network configuration cases and the verification of the performance by a computer simulation.
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Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureti (UPB)
University Politehnica of Bucharest (UPB) is the largest technical university in Romania. About 26,000 students are enrolled in different forms of education and research activities (undergraduate, master and PhD) and more than 1,500 students are studying Computer Science and Engineering. The Romanian National Center for Information Technology (NCIT) is part of the UPB and is run by the Computer Science and Engineering Department. The NCIT staff is composed of 18 professors and 34 teaching assistants, researchers and PhD students. The centre promotes advanced inter-disciplinary research and development of human resources by postgraduate educational programs. The UPB team has been involved in international projects such as EU-NCIT FP6 SSA project no. 017101 leading to EU IST Excellency, FP7 SENSEI and FP7 P2P-Next, RoDiCA Romanian Distributed Collaborative Architectures, LAPE (Local Acquisition and Processing Element) for monitoring environmental parameters in large buildings, NOMAD for providing positioning information by tracking, recording and analysing human movement, Synairgy a personal air quality monitoring system for measuring the concentration of air pollutants. Our university organises complementary training in programs such in the CISCO Networking Academy, the IBM Excellence Center, the Microsoft Academic Initiative and a Grid Computing Summer School. UPB has extensive experience in monitoring of distributed resources in projects such as MonALISA, a fully distributed monitoring system based on autonomous, self-describing agent-based subsystems. MonALISA, which stands for Monitoring Agents using a Large Integrated Services Architecture, has been developed over the last four years by Caltech University and its partners (UPB and CERN). The framework is based on Dynamic Distributed Service Architecture and is able to provide complete monitoring, control and global optimisation services for complex systems. More recently UPB was involved in developing a plug-in based on MonALISA technology to monitor, reconfigure and reprogram wireless sensors and actuators across heterogeneous WS&ANs islands. Key personnel Emil SLUANSCHI is an associate professor at the UPB. He received his MSc in Computer Science from the UPB in 2001 and his PhD from the Institute for Scientific Computing at the RWTH-Aachen University in Germany in 2008. His fields of interest include wireless sensor networks, parallel and distributed system architectures and algorithms, automatic differentiation, and computer networks. Nicolae TPU is a full professor at UPB, his main fields of expertise being Computer Architecture, Embedded systems, Distributed Systems, Local Area Networks. He has significant experience in the development, management and co-ordination of national and international research projects. Dan Stefan TUDOSE is a teaching assistant and PhD student at the Computer Science and Engineering Department of Politehnica University of Bucharest, where he also received his Bachelor in Computer Science. His fields of
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interest include microprocessor design, embedded systems and distributed systems. He implemented the hardware solution for the Synairgy project and is currently involved in designing and implementing UPBs Sparrow WSN architecture. He is part of the UPB team involved in the FP7 SENSEI project. Alexandru HERIANU holds a MSc in Advanced Computer Architectures from the University Politehnica of Bucharest and is currently a PhD student at the Distributed Systems Center of the Computer Science Faculty. His field of interest include parallel and distributed system architectures and algorithms, large scale networking systems and grid systems middleware. He is part of the UPB team involved in the FP7 SENSEI project. Razvan TTROIU received his diploma in Computer Science and Engineering from UPB, where he now holds the position of teaching assistant. He is working towards obtaining his doctoral degree with the UPB. His interests include embedded systems, data acquisition, and low-power wireless networks, more specifically: hardware design and prototyping, network protocols, management software.
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Wrocawskie Centrum Bada EIT+ Sp. z o.o (WRC)
Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+ was established in 2007 as a new look at the research to perfect innovation and applied science for the Silesian Region of Poland. The institute was created and is owned by Wroclaw Commune, Regional Parliament of the Lower Silesia Province, Wroclaw University of Technology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw Medical University and Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science. The seed funding received equals 200 million Euro together with large campus with targeted 25,000 square meters of the office and lab space dedicated to research and development activities. WRC focuses on 4 pillars: Biotechnology, Nanomaterials, Energy and ICT. The ICT Research Centre (RC) hires its own permanent staff as well as associated researchers from Wroclaw universities. ICT RC specialises in cognitive radio and networks, mobile networks modelling and simulation, networks planning and optimisation, Self Organising Networks (SON) aspects and reconfigurable optical networks as well as on broad range of information science aspects. Members of the team participated in dozens of European projects including FP6/FP7 in the area of ICT. In FP7 Call 4, ICT RC acquired three STREP projects (C2Power, SAPHYRE and Fiver) in the area of cognitive radio, infrastructure and spectrum sharing and hybrid wireless-optical networks. With this achievement it became the best institution in Poland to acquire EU funding. Furthermore, ICT RC has collaboration agreements with IBM Research and Nokia Siemens Networks. ICT RC also successfully acquires Polish funding from structural funds including Innovative Economy Program and Regional Development Programs. Key personnel Radosaw PIESIEWICZ obtained his MSc degree in Microwave Engineering and Optical Communications with Golden Badge distinction from Technical University of Gdask, Poland, in 2002 and PhD degree in Communications Technology with summa cum laude from Technical University of Braunschweig, Germany, in 2008. Since May 2009 he holds a position of Director of R&D: ICT Development at Wroclaw Research Center EIT+ where he is responsible for the overall acquisition and development activities in the area of ICT. Between March 2008 and May 2009 he was heading Broadband & Wireless Area at CREATE-NET, Trento, Italy, where he was leading staff and research activities in cognitive radio and optical networks. Prior to this, he held a position of research engineer in the Terahertz Communications Lab in Braunschweig, Germany. In recognition of his results in interdisciplinary research in terahertz communications systems he was awarded the prestigious Walter-Kertz Prize in 2008. In his research, he specialises in cognitive radio and networks, reconfigurable optical networks as well as in ultra high data rate short range communication systems. He is author of 10 journal and more than 50 conference publications. He was a key-note speaker at the IEEE NGMAST 2008. Moreover, Dr. Piesiewicz acquired, co-ordinated and contributed to a number of international research projects in the frame of MEDEA+ (Mesdie, QStream), FP6 (Ming-T), and FP7 (C2Power, SAPHYRE, Fiver, EUWB here he was WPL2 when at CREATE-NET, Diconet). He was also involved in several industrial projects with CISCO and Airbus. Dr. Piesiewicz served as expert evaluator for the EC in FP6/7 and for the National Centre for R&D in Poland. He also participates in standardisation activities in ETSI TC RRS, in FP7 RAS cluster Spectrum & Enablers group and in COST Action IC0902. He was organising and steering committee member of EuropeComm 2009 and organiser/session chair/TPC member of international conferences like FutureTech 2010, PIMRC 2009, ICT-MobileSummit 2009 and CrownCom 2009. Jakub OSZMIANSKI graduated from the Faculty of Electronics at Wroclaw University of Technology in 2006, with MSc degree in Signal Processing in Digital Telecommunications. He started his professional career at Nokia Siemens Networks in the department of Radio System within Research Technology and Platform unit as a System and Software Architect. Under the EU-funded WINNER project he was involved in the research on advanced link adaptation, radio resource management, channel modelling for multi-antenna systems and MIMO processing for 4G network based on OFDM technology. As a NSN Poland representative in the FP7 SOCRATES project, Jakub
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worked on Self Organising Networks techniques (SON). His research work resulted in several publications on the IEEE Forum and participation in international conferences. In 2008 Jakub joined Research & Engineering Center Sp. z o.o. where he was involved in product development for automotive industry. He specialised in the area of broadcast technologies for advanced multimedia system designed for premium sector cars. Jakub was in charge of a 5-person team using SCRUM for agile software development. In June 2010 Jakub joined WRC where he holds the Senior Radio Technology Specialist position. His main research topics are impairment compensation algorithms for Radio over Fibre, dynamic spectrum allocation and resource sharing in wireless networks. Lukasz CYWINSKI graduated from the Faculty of Electronics at Wroclaw University of Technology in 2006, with MSc degree in Signal Processing in Digital Telecommunications. He started his professional career at Nokia Siemens Networks in the department of Radio System within Research Technology and Platform unit as a System and Software Architect. Lukasz was responsible for development of a LTE system level simulator and 3GPP standardisation support. Under the EU-funded WINNER project he was involved in the research on advanced link adaptation, radio resource management, channel modelling for multi-antenna systems and MIMO processing for 4G network based on OFDM technology. In 2008 Lukasz joined Research & Engineering Center Sp. z o.o. where he was involved in product development for automotive industry. He specialised in the area of broadcast technologies (DAB, SDARS, IBOC, RDS) for advanced multimedia system designed for premium sector cars. In June 2010 Lukasz joined Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+ where he holds the Senior Radio Technology Specialist position. Currently he is working within two European projects: FIVER and EUWB. His main research topics are impairment compensation algorithms for Radio over Fibre, dynamic spectrum allocation and resource sharing among current and future wireless networks.
B2.3 Consortium as a Whole

B2.3.1 Complemetaries of the Consortium
EUWB will include resources providing expertise and experience in the fields of Telecommunication and Consumer and Semiconductor industry, several SMEs, followed by one telecom operator as well as by a strong contingency of academic and public RTD organisation. The total RTD head count per year (RTDHC/Y) is quite exactly 50, divided into following areas: Distribution of requested EC contribution 36.2 % 17.0 % 22.6 % 24.2 % Table 1313: Personnel vs. type of participants. These partners are regionally distributed within the EU member states and beyond as follows: 21 partners from EU member states (funded by the EC); 1 partner from an associated country (Israel funded by the EC). In the scope of the proposed three project years summing up to 1,812 person months, the projects will mobilise approximately 50 researchers per year or a total of 150 person years. Figures provided in the A3-form depend on the selected cost model. These are estimated costs based on real personnel costs including overhead and other related project costs such as equipment depreciation, services, material and travel costs. These costs will be calculated according to the usual accounting principles of each partner and be handled by dedicated cost models. EUWB project introduces a specific management model, which comprises a total management effort of about 2 persons per year, with total costs of 7 % of the total project EC contribution in WP1.
22,6% IND SME RES UNI
Structure of human resources
24,2%
36,2%
7 industrial organisations 5 SMEs 4 public RTD organisations 6 universities
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The industrial partners are the major players in the telecommunication, semiconductor and consumer market, with significant operational involvement on the international markets. The consortium academia and public RTD partners have profound expertise on the field and in general on communication systems. The composition of the consortium is in the way to provide complementary expertise on the related field. Each key partner is leaded by experienced RTD staff with track record on the field and with experience on co-operative RTD work on the international and in major cases world-wide level. The geographical partner distribution reflect the efforts to simultaneously strength the RTD activity on the field, through the Europe, by choosing the key expertise. However, if one looks at the partner concentration in Germany, than this can be explained by the fact, that some multi-national European companies participate with their German branch, e.g. EADS. The same holds for TES, having the European head office in Stuttgart and concentrating there now. Given this fact it is quite obvious, that results, which these partners gain from the project will be beneficial for all other countries, where these companies have branches, e.g for EADS it is obvious France and Spain and for TES these are Germany, France and UK.
B2.3.2 Sub-contracting
The large majority of the EUWB work will be developed by the experts selected for each of the tasks within the participant organisations. In some particular cases specialist skills will be required to support EUWB partners in clearly identified isolated tasks for the sake of efficiency and due to traditional work sharing in partners organisations with their business partners. The allocation of sub-contracting will be done in compliance with the provisions of article II.7.2 and associated guidelines. Following activities will require sub-contracting within EUWB: GWT will co-operate with an Internet Service Provider and development company to ensure that the EUWB web site is of high quality as well of high security standard and easy to use for all its members and the open site for visitors (4 k per year). GWT will also use the services of a professional communication company for the design of promotional material. EUWB intends to increase public awarness and to present outcomes of the project to a broad audience. For this, some resources are planned in order to realise a short project video (12 k). During the development of the open technology platforms the design and manufacturing of the PCB boards might be sub-contracted by WIS and HTW. This depends on the available internal resources of the partner. The needed effort has been allocated by the corresponding partners in the project (25 k and 23 k, respectively). BOSCH will sub-contract car measurements in an anechoic chamber, which is not available in BOSCH in this size (20 k) as well as some mechanical work related to the demonstrator (in a garage shop, 10 k). According to the Commissions rules, financial audits will be performed by independent auditing companies. In most cases this task will be sub-contracted under the management cost category.
B2.3.3 Funding for Beneficiaries from Third Countries

The consortium does not include any beneficiary from third countries.
B2.4 Resources
B2.4.1 Resources to be Committed
In the following two sections major costs as well as additional costs which are not planned to be reimbursed by the EC are listed for the most significant cases. P05-BOSCH Software costs: Ray tracing tool CAN-bus analyser Maintenance costs for CAE software Car 7 k; 17 k; 20 k. 7 k;
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Measurement equipment (antennas, amplifiers)
4 k. 20 k.
Consumables: Sample builds (prototypes) P06-CEA
CEA is among the principle providers of HW platforms in the project. In particular, in WP7, it provides the LDRLT platform in sufficient copies for the whole EUWB needs. The work performed in WP7 also includes the upgrade of these platforms, and therefore the redesign of RF chips and boards and there associated costs in the design process which include CAD tools. Finally, antennas are studied and produced for the purpose of WP7 and WP3. Equipment (depreciation of investments over the project duration): Spectrum analyser, oscilloscope, power supply PCs 17 k; 3 k.
Consumables/Sub-contracting: Be N the number of platforms to be provided (N=20), V the number of versions (in theory V=2 but we take V=1.5 assuming only half the building blocks needs an upgrade). Non Recurrent expenses (NRE): total = 28 k RF chip packaging RF chip dedicated test board Antenna CAD Boards CAD and tools Packaging CAD 2.5 k; 12 k; 10 k; 3.5 k; 5 k. 200 ; 250 ; 500 ; 250 . 72 k. 8 k.
Recurrent expenses (RE): total = 1.2 k Batteries, sensors, antennas: Components: Boards manufacturing and cabling: Packaging: C=V*(NRE+N*RE) =
Total for N = 20 platform copies and V = 1.5 versions: Costs for antenna CAD manufacturing and measurements cables: Other costs: Fixed rate per person month comprising CAD tools for RF, antennas, mixed signals architectures evaluation and RF chip design: 107.5 k.
P07-LUH Software costs: System level simulator (incl. maintenance) Hardware costs: 2 FPGA platforms (Virtex 4 or better), e.g. 2x Sundance SMT 348-SX55 + carrier + software 30 k; Leasing of second Tektronix AWG7102 20 k. 15 k; 2 k; 3 k. 15 k.
Consumables: RF components, e.g. amplifier, mixer Lab equipment (small parts) RF cabling
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P13-VTT The equipment budget request of 60 k includes FPGA evaluation boards embedded with adequate FPGA chips for the purpose of implementing selected digital baseband features of the MIMO-UWB verification platform. At least two sets are required to be able to implement both the transmitter and receiver. In addition, several peripherals may be required such as interface modules, software etc which require extra funding. The exact hardware requirements or the prices at the time they will be purchased are known not until the mid of the project and the budget request is thus a rough estimate. Some examples of the list pricing with different resources are (for FPGA boards and chips): BenNUEY-PCI-XC2V3000-4: BenNUEY-PCI-XC2V6000-4: BenNUEY-PCI-XC2V8000-4: 10.0 k; 13.6 k; 18.8 k.
P14-WIS The budget requested of 60 k is mostly (35 k) intended for consumables required for platform manufacturing (various chips: UWB, FPGA and other chips, most often interface related). The budget may also serve for additional lab equipment if we will find it is required for platform development. The additional 25 k are intended for sub-contracting of minor platform development assignments, such as board layout and board manufacturing which WIS often outsource. P19-UNIBO Research equipment: The simulation of cognitive systems involves the joint characterisation of different layers, i.e. physical, MAC and network. Performance evaluation of algorithms requires both analytical characterisation and extensive simulations. The personnel involved will use laptops to programme the algorithms, and more powerful PCs will be used to improve the simulation cluster. The total cost has been estimated to be 16 k (5 laptops * 2 k + 5 * 2 k PC simulation cluster) * 80 % time. P21-UIL In the present state, the UWB channel sounder at UIL is mainly used for configurations of array sizes up to 2 Tx 4 Rx, with the respective antennas being confined to the direct vicinity of the RF processing and control hardware. For operations as a distributed UWB MIMO sounder in the context of EUWB, an extension to 48 MIMO capability is desirable for use in WP3. The required two additional pieces of RF hardware will be available during the project, but UIL does not have the extra UWB antennas. For these items, funding is applied for, amounting to 6 times 3 k for 6 antennas. The total funding applied for by UIL for UWB measurement equipment therefore amounts to 18 k. P22-HTW In order to support WP7 Open UWB Technology Platforms within T7.2 an alternative commercially available platform (from UWB chip manufacturer Alereon) had been pointed out to be a very good potential candidate for VHDR (based on ECMA 369) to be usable for WLP integration. To evaluate and to be able to further transfer this platform technology to related work packages, a number of DevKits and the associated support will be bought. P25-BITG Measurements set-up (depreciation) Evaluation boards and development kits (WP8) Complementary materials
2.0 k; 5.0 k; 2.0 k.
P26-CTU Existing simulation tools need to be upgraded to support simulation based algorithm verification/design. Fees for simulation software (SYNOPSYS) 2.0 k; Upgrade of simulation cluster (WP2) Small supporting equipment 4.0 k; 1.0 k.
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P27-UPB Supporting equipment for UWB H/W integration (WP8)
1.0 k.
P28-WRC 2 laptops incl. monitor and docking station (depreciation) 3.0 k; Fees for simulation software (2x Matlab) (WP2) 12.0 k.
B2.4.2 Resources to Complement the EC Contribution

P04-PHI Philips will provide the following non-funded contributions: Provision of the necessary computing facilities plus the related licences for the development of the required software applications; State-of-the-art video streaming appliances; State-of-the-art HD display units; State-of-the-art audio streaming appliances (including home theatre systems); The necessary test and measurement equipment to be used for performance evaluation activities.
P05-BOSCH Bosch will provide the following non-funded equipment. Simulation software: Electromagnetic solvers (Microwave Studio, Feko); Circuit simulation (Advanced Design System); System simulation (Matlab).
Hardware: Electronic lab and infrastructure for prototype building (machining workshop for prototype building). Measurement equipment: Anechoic chamber for antenna measurements; Measurement equipment up to 140 GHz; RF laboratory; Standard software for measurement automation and data analysis.
P07-LUH General overview of non-funded resources provided at the Institute of Communication Technology (IKT). Signal sources: Arbitrary waveform and function generators with up to 5.8 GHz analog bandwidth and 20 GS/s conversion rate; Vector signal generators, up to 6 GHz and 160 MHz RF bandwidth, with very low phase noise; Pulse generators with a minimum pulse length of 22 ps; Rubidium frequency standards. Digital storage oscilloscope with up to 16 GHz analog bandwidth and 50 GS/s synchronous sampling rate per channel; Network analysis up to 13.5 GHz; Spectrum analysis up to 26.5 GHz; Handheld spectrum analysis up to 6 GHz; Power meter for various frequency ranges.
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Modular and scaleable MIMO rapid prototyping platform: Texas Instruments C6000 digital signal processors (DSPs); Xilinx Virtex II/II-pro/4 field programmable gate arrays (FPGA); High speed analog/digital und digital/analog conversion with up to 1 GS/s conversion rate; RF modules for 2.4, 5.2 and 5.8 GHz ISM-bands (can be used to set up interferes for UWB systems); Software tool based or hand-coded algorithm implementation; 3L Diamond real-time operating system (RTOS). Tektronix DPO71604 digital storage oscilloscope with 4 channels and synchronous sampling with 50 GS/s on each channel, analog bandwidth of 16 GHz; Tektronix AWG7102 arbitrary waveform generator with 2 channels, up to 20 GS/s conversion rate and 5.8 GHz analog bandwidth; Picosecond PSPL-4015D pulse generator and impulse forming network generating a step, pulse or monocycle. The minimum pulse length is 22 ps; Beside this the IKT has access to the equipment and research labs of the High Frequency Technology (HFT) department (Prof. Dr.-Ing. H. Eul) at LUH, so that the covered frequency range for network and signal analysis can be extended towards 110 GHz. In addition the IKT has dedicated access to the antenna measurement chamber and antenna production facilities of the HFT department.
Highlights of UWB measurement equipment:
LUH provides the following research laboratories: MIMO Communications Research Lab This research lab offers 8 workstations. The 78 m large room offers enough space for advanced experiments in MIMO communications under real conditions. UWB Communications Research Lab On 68 m this air conditioned lab offers 6 workstations and allows experiments under controlled conditions. Localisation Research Lab This air conditioned lab is 54 m large. There are no dedicated workstations or furniture inside the lab, to provide space for different experimental scenarios, e.g. moveable walls consisting of different materials for NLOS scenarios; possibility to set up reference environments.
P11-TID TID will provide as non-funded contributions the following resources: Development (software) of a bridge between UWB and UMTS that interworks forwarding the data between both radio interfaces. This programme is executed on a laptop and has been developed within PULSERS Phase II; Laboratory equipment for radio frequency tests that includes network analysers, spectrum analysers; Matlab simulation framework developed in IST eSense project to evaluate UWB communications.
All these inputs will support the work to be performed in WP6. P15-UZ General facilities (only partly covered by the 60 % flat rate overhead): Staff office rooms, power, heating, cleaning, toilet service, telephone, fax, copy service, secretary service, laboratory library, internet service, project data server, project data backup, project email service; Specific facilities: (not covered by the 60 % flat rate overhead); 2 hardware complete communications laboratories equipped with vector network analysers, scalar network analyser, synthesised sweepers, noise figure meters, spectrum analysers, signal generators, digital oscilloscopes, digital signal analysers, soldering stations, power supply stations, etc.; 1 communications laboratory equipped with LAN analysers, WAN analysers, frame relay routers, ATM switches, ATM routers, PBXs, etc.
Computing resources hardware: 30 PCs, high power computing cluster for grid computing services, workstations, laser printers, network backbone incl. optical fibre system and switching/hub sub-systems, power backup station.
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UWB equipment: DV9110M development kit by Wisair, Time Domain PulsON P210 evaluation kit by Time Domain, Ubisense academic research package. Signal processing, simulation, RF and antenna design and network planning software (MatLab, OPNET, OMNet+, ICS Telecom from ATDI, Microwave Office, Zealand).
Software:
P19-UNIBO The University of Bologna has a platform used for intensive numerical computation composed of a cluster of several PCs based on RAID (Redundant Array of Intensive Disk) technology dedicated to fast simulation of communication systems, which can be usefully exploited for the validation of algorithms that will be developed in this project. This platform that will be used in the EUWB project is composed of a RAID unit memory where data are stored during the simulations, and several computers (independent and remotely accessible through the use of the SSH protocol). The RAID technology is based on the fact that it is less expensive to implement a storage unit using elementary units instead of a unique device with high performance. UNIBO will also provide a limited set of computer to be used with the RAID for computation, the necessary room with temperature control, and the network support. The system will be computationally empowered by acquiring 5 more PCs. UNIBO will also provide the necessary software tools and licenses, e.g. Matlab, Mathematica. P20-UDE The work will be done integrated in a team of skilled engineers, having experience in building and using simulators and demonstrators in the field of wireless communications. UDE will provide the necessary office space, support through the university administration services. The computers to be used are provided from UDE. More than 25 PCs for personal use of employees in the office area including notebooks and desktop PCs are available. The notebooks are mainly used for office applications, the desktop PCs for simulations. In the laboratory area more than 35 PCs act as servers and are used for simulation and measurement purposes. Licenses to use for the use of software, e.g. Matlab are provided. The laboratory is equipped with necessary measuring equipment in the field of wireless communications P21-UIL UIL will provide following non-funded contributions: Radar test bed containing mechanical localisation portal; Anechoic chamber for antenna measurements in the far-field, 0.840 (100) GHz, quiet zone ~2 m, nearfield measurements optional, high precision positioner, VNA-equipment (PNA E8362B) with multifrequency option; Coaxial vector-network-analyser up to 50 GHz (HP 8510C); Network analyser Agilent PNA E8361A (10 MHz67 GHz, 4-port test set 10 MHz50 GHz, pulsed test set 200 MHz40 GHz, frequency offset for nonlinear measurements); Spectrum analysers 50 GHz (Agilent PSA E4448A), 26 GHz (Rohde & Schwarz FSEM), 32 GHz (Anritsu MS2802A); Spectrum analyser (National Instruments NI PXI 1042Q) with down-converter and digitiser; Real-time MIMO Channel sounder developed in EU projects PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II. for the ultra-wideband measurements of the time variant channel impulse responses. The sounder has modular construction in 19 inch rack. Each of the available modules contains usually one transmitter and two receivers. Modules can operate also displaced from the sounder connected with it by extension cable. This allows using the sounder for the simulation of the mobile robots and deployable sensor nodes in unknown environment. Thus, localisation, navigation, imaging and target recognition can be analysed directly on measured date. The sounder operates currently in baseband (DC to 3.5 GHz), but other operational frequency bands like FCC (3.110.6 GHz), or 60 GHz (3.5 GHz) will be also available for the investigation at the beginning of this project; Numerous test sets, signal analysers, and wave generators from different manufacturers.
P26-CTU Existing simulation tools need to be upgraded to support simulation based algorithm verification/design.
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Fees for simulation software (SYNOPSYS) Upgrade of simulation cluster (WP2) Small supporting equipment
2.0 k; 4.0 k; 1.0 k. 1.0 k.
P27-UPB Supporting equipment for UWB H/W integration (WP8)
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B3 POTENTIAL IMPACT B3.1 Strategic Impact

The EUWB Coexisting Short Range Radio by Advanced Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology proposal is clearly addressing Objective ICT-2007.1.1: The Network of the Future within Challenge 1: Pervasive and Trusted Network and Service Infrastructures as described in Section 3.1 of the ICT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES Work Programme 20072008. In particular the target outcome a) and b) are corresponding to the goals of the EUWB project. Challenge 1 addresses mainly to deliver the next generation of ubiquitous and converged network and service infrastructures for communication, computing and media. UWB radio technology (UWB-RT) will be an important element providing very high speed portable and cellular devices network access over short range. In addition, UWB radio technology as planed to be developed and implemented inside the EUWB project will enable complete networking solutions in sensitive environments such as public transport, where there are particular strong requirements concerning EMC. As an example, explained in detail in the relevant section, an analysis performed by a major aviation industries, AIRBUS, has shown, that UWB-RT has a competitive advantage in terms of interference potential towards the on-board equipment compared to other wireless solutions. Another example is the Automotive environment, where BOSCH will be leading the work package WP8b on Automotive applications and the Regulation and Standardisation work package WP9. In this application case UWB is mainly forming its own network on-board. Daimler, a leading car manufacturer, is supporting the development of UWB based integrated networks for applications including entertainment, sensing and command and control inside vehicles. It is important to note, that UWB-RT is developed and coming along with appropriate protocol stacks enabling it to create own networks (based on several architectures including mesh-networking) as well as to serve as part of a larger heterogeneous network. Following items can be mapped to the relevant work packages objectives of the proposed EUWB project: Convergence and interoperability of heterogeneous mobile and broadband network technologies: UWB is able to provide high data rates in wireless personal networks meaning with a short link distance. One of the goal of the project is to allow UWB interoperability with backhaul networks such as WiMAX or HSPA to provide a broadband access to convergence networks. Flexible and spectrum efficient radio access enabling ubiquitous access to broadband mobile services for short range to wide area networking: low power emission of UWB enables an efficient use of the radio spectrum when coexisting with other radio technologies. UWB integration in heterogeneous networks will contribute to offer pervasive and broadband access. In the project, studies of coexistence with future wireless technologies will be done in order to guarantee an efficient use of the spectrum. Elimination of the barriers to broadband access and ultra high speed end to end connectivity: the development of multi-radio interface (UWB, HSPA, WiMAX) devices will enable to make easier a seamless broadband connectivity. Context awareness: precise location awareness will allow operators and providers to offer novel services based on the knowledge of user position provided by the location and tracking capabilities. Enabling intelligent distribution of services across multiple access technologies: the provision of services by means of platform architecture like IMS enables to offer services independently on the access architecture. The services developed in the project will be integrated taking into account the IMS recommendations.
In Sections B1.1.2 to B1.1.9 the detailed scientific and technical objectives are described and their relation to the topics addressed in the work programme referred to in call 1 are highlighted. The proposed research has the potential to: Improve the coexistence of existing and future wireless networks.; Enable a UWB device as the control unit for all other air interfaces in order to allow for a smooth operation of all devices under restricted conditions like in a plane or in hospitals;
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Enable terminals in mobile wireless environment to simply obtain an environment message, including the interference, the spectrum usage, time and location information via Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC), to optimise the spectrum usage.;
In particular, in the short-term, the CR-UWB approach may prove useful to address the current and forthcoming DAA (detect-and-avoid) requirements for UWB devices, e.g. IEEE 802.15.4a, to comply with regulations, therefore speeding up product commercialisation. As anticipated, in the longer-term, CR-UWB devices can serve as centralised control to take over the command over the usage of different communication mode in the public transport and automotive environment, to limit the interference and optimise the operation performance of different devices. Also, CR-UWB devices may become key components of as environment information provider/broadcaster, serving multiple air interfaces of mobile wireless devices, to guarantee smooth operation and coexistence in a variety of wireless environments. Likewise, the concept of Cognitive Pilot Channel, if adopted by a wide basis of wireless systems and standards, will have a tremendous economical impact. The research on Multiple Antenna Systems will allow for innovations, evaluation of application-aware algorithms and verification of enhanced implementation solutions based on real MIMO-UWB channel measurements. It will further define the system concepts, practical requirements and measurement set-ups for specific application environments, in particular for UWB in home environment, UWB in automotive environment, and UWB in public transport. A MIMO-UWB test-bed for evaluation and verification of multiple antenna algorithms and system designs will allow the study of multi-user and interference scenarios by providing access to the real MIMO-UWB channel. The development of application-aware algorithms for link quality improvement, range extension, and multi-user enhancements will be a major impact of this work package in order to exploit the benefits offered by the multiple antenna technology. Implementation-aware algorithms and system design to solve the challenges arising from various application-oriented solutions will be developed. Main output of this work will be the resource evaluation and verification of certain multiple antenna solutions via prototyping approaches as to deliver system reference documents for oncoming MIMO regulation and standardisation activities. The research carried out in WP4 will allow the development of advanced localisation and tracking algorithms and communication systems based on location awareness. Knowledge on nodes locations might be a necessary tool to improve studies on: Novel DAA strategies for UWB mitigation; Novel strategies for mobility management and location-based services. Innovative application in public transport, home, automotive environment with location awareness. Beyond the scientific improvement achievable via the knowledge of the node location, following, a list of potential technical and economical impacts due to the research carried out in WP4 is presented: Technical impacts: Localisation and tracking strategies suitable for heterogeneous information, under mixed (static-dynamic) scenarios; Improved DAA-UWB strategies for interference/coexistence mitigation; Definition of future location aware systems to be used within UWB networks. Improvement in QoS due to enhanced mobility management.
Economical impact: The multimode UWB system are predicted to be an essential driver for deployment evolution of the UWB radio technology in two directions: Related to the WPANs enhancements based on Bluetooth old generation toward new generations of the Bluetooth with more throughput but also with interoperability with old Bluetooth versions, having WiMedia as basic approach for Bluetooth Version 3 Physical Layer. Related to reduced WPAN applications scenario, more close to pear to pear very shorts range communication over less than half meter but with extra high data throughput in the range of 10 Gbit/s, where the basis PHY layer related down compatibility, and interoperability with WiMedia devices is given.
Both proposed approaches are giving essential improvements of the existing state-of-the-art potential allowing the customers wider deployment of the state-of-the-art technology with new technology with clear benefits, which will allow faster deployment of the new UWB technology and produce a clear economical impact. On the other
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side proposed innovation approach allowing deployment of the 60 GHz frequency range would allow further evolution and development of the current WiMedia Solution to the NEW WiMedia Enhanced Solution being able to address the date rate in the scope of 10 Gbit/s. The clear development road maps of the state-of-the-art UWB technology will allow introduction of the new sets of the devices and new application scenarios, which may bust the impact of the UWB radio technology penetration. Both proposed approaches to be investigated in WP5 may substantially impact UWB radio technology deployment in short range wireless communication area with clear benefit for industry. Development of UWB access points will complement existing wireless technologies and lead to a converged ubiquitous high capacity networks, providing very high data rate radio access in picocells. Location and tracking information provided by UWB will be used for optimised control of wireless networks in a heterogeneous mobile network scenario. For instance enhanced handover techniques based on localisation prediction will be developed and location awareness will be applied to network control and management. Location and tracking capabilities of UWB will be exploited also in order to design and develop new and innovative services. These services will be designed according to IMS specifications independently on the access architecture. The study of coexistence of UWB with future radio technologies like LTE or WiMAX evolution will impact in the convergence and interoperability of mobile broadband technologies in order to guarantee a harmless coexistence between the different technologies and the efficient use of the spectrum. The open technology platforms concept followed in the EUWB project will allow the easy exploitation of the results achieved in the application and research WPs for a broader market. Especially the flexible and programmable approach used for the MAC and higher layer based on a standard platform will allow small and medium companies to enter the market of UWB with specific products which can be differentiated by software and hardware (using the eASIC included in SPEAR). The development in EUWB should lead to a software and hardware toolbox for further integration of the open platforms in future products. Based on open standards (IEEE and ECMA) these potential products can be used with a broad range of devices which will be on the market soon. The planned combined platforms (LDR-LT + HDR, HDR + 60 GHz, WiMAX + HDR) can be used as reference designs for further product developments. By including results from the research activities in EUWB these products will have a significant competitive advantage. STM itself will deploy the most promising results in their future product developments. In addition the open platform concept and the use of the open technology platforms in a broad range of applications will allow STM to provide optimised silicon solutions even for smaller volume markets, which has not been possible up to now. Here the involvement of project partners in the exploitation will help towards a broader usage of the platforms. For the public transport the expected impacts coming from the results of the work carried out in EUWB and specifically the application performed in WP8 are: Enable fast and extended customisation of passenger services and system architecture during production; Increase flexibility through fast and unproblematic layout change inside transport compartment, e.g. changing sits and furniture configuration inside of an aircraft cabin; Weight saving through cable reduction; Enable new possibilities for improved maintenance and system health monitoring by using wireless UWB technologies; Through the work performed in regulation bodies enable the use of UWB devices inside trains, ships and aircraft.
The expected impact for the automotive industry in Europe is: Prove feasibility of wireless data communication inside a car; Enable fast and extended customisation of car equipment; Increase flexibility through fast and easy exchange of components; Allow for cost and weight reduction by reducing cable harness complexity; Eenable new applications using location tracking capabilities inside the car.
For home application the project is expected to result in the following impacts: Provision of wireless streaming of high definition video content in a reliable manner;
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Allowing a flexible way to access high definition content without the limitations of cables hence enabling a clean and simple solution (both in terms of ease of use and design); Novel and innovative audio application optimised to the position of the user and the specific arrangement of the audio equipment.
Regulatory efforts in the project is intended to support the scenarios and applications developed in the other WPS. The purpose of the EUWB regulatory effort is widen the limits on UWB in a manner that would allow additional applications, and take advantage of the advanced cognitive concepts developed in the project. Special emphasis is intended for regulation concerning UWB in specific outdoor scenarios such as mass transport (including aircraft) and cars. The period of the project is expected to be a period of consolidation of practical test criteria for the regulations currently under decisions. EUWB will contribute to the testing standardisation in order of achieving efficient and sufficient testing procedures.
B3.1.1 Policy Impact

EUWB focuses entirely on UWB-RT, a relatively new wireless technology, operating in a potentially (virtually) unlicensed frequency band in Europe, that will have significant benefits for public safety, consumers, businesses, and the environment alike, through the introduction of a potentially vast array of products and applications. UWB devices operate in spectrum bands already occupied by existing radio services, thus permitting the scarce spectrum resources to be used more efficiently, a core concern of any radio regulatory body. The projects acronym EUWB, CoExisting Short Range Radio by Advanced Ultra-WideBand Radio Technology, reflects its major objective, namely to provide a new wireless core technology with features that can change the way how people use and interact with their environment through advanced wireless communications and localisation technologies, be it in their daily life at home, in public places, or in the work environment. At the component level, EUWB will now (after the first basic technology has been developed for first generation devices) start to develop the more advanced and truly innovative and competitive PHY/MAC and system building blocks taking into account the recent European regulation developments and technical requirements arising from other radio systems coexistence requirements, e.g. WiMAX, WRC 2007. This is enabling the realisation of a surrounding Ambient Intelligence for more natural and easy interactions with the envisaged future IST applications and services including the already now very mature and detailed SYSTEM and APPLICATION concepts provided within this proposal. The timely introduction of UWB in the application scenarios has been recently requested by several European major industry sectors towards the European R&D community as well as towards the European and national policy makers. Driver are mainly the following sectors, requesting to apply the UWB-RT as soon as possible in order to introduce advanced services and increase their competitiveness: consumer electronics, transport, aviation, automotive, communications network operations and semiconductor manufacturers. They all have at this time well defined specific application requirements forcing the R&D to improve the basic technology significantly and combine the innovative concept of UWB with advanced technologies to even further increase its performance, which is currently limited in Europe by some more stringent regulation rules than in the U.S.A. for example. Besides the innovation in advanced 2nd generation PHY/MAC and protocol building blocks an other main focus of EUWB is on system aspects, where the integration of technology elements derived in previous research programmes (internal, national and EU projects), and further optimised in the EUWB advanced R&D work packages WP2WP5 and WP7, will constitute system level verification of representative and KEY ECONOMIC applications based on UWB-RT. When considering the various usage scenarios, EUWB will take on the challenge to bring the users i.e. people to the foreground and thus to the centre of attention. This is expected to be achievable with UWB-RT communications and localisation technologies for the background (pervasive and almost invisible) and embeddable in every day objects. In a broader sense, the research and development activities within EUWB address major challenges in areas such as mobility, safety, environmental protection, leisure, industrial automation and control, surveillance and monitoring, human-human and human-machine interaction, as well as support systems for people with disabilities to provide barrier free access and personal autonomy. The applications specifically addressed in this proposal are key, but still only examples out of a virtually unlimited space of possibilities to use this disruptive technology. Even if in Europe there seems to be still a bit reluctance in accepting UWB-RT as a new key wireless solution, in other parts of the world it has been considered already as a new key element of Next Generation Networks, e.g. in
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South Korea it will form an integral part of the new high speed wireless public network infrastructure. UWB-RT has the potential to contribute significantly towards the IST vision of tomorrow, including Ambient Intelligence, the notion that the Surrounding is the Interface, the intuitive use of all senses, availability of Infinite Bandwidth and Performance, mobile/wireless full multimedia, effortless mode of interaction and context-based knowledge handling, to name a few. The general and the technically interested public will benefit from the dissemination of knowledge and results gained within EUWB and in particular the advances further to be introduced in the regulation update process will give an example for future regulation of cognitive systems in general. Finally, Europes wireless industry will derive benefits from a new generation of engineers trained by their active participation or through the educational activities induced by EUWB.
B3.1.1.1 Declaration of Collaboration Within the eMobility Technology Platform

One of the major objectives of the eMobility Technology Platform is to reinforce Europes leadership in mobile and wireless communications and services and to master the future development of relevant technologies, so that they serve Europes citizens and the European economy in the most effective manner (http://www.eMobility.eu.org). eMobility was publicly launched in March 2005. The platform supports part of the agenda set by the European Council (A new start for the Lisbon Strategy COM (2005) 24 02.02.2005). The eMobility Technology Platform is representative of the mobile and wireless communications systems, applications and services area within Europe. It is open to all organisations active in the sector in Europe. At present, almost 500 organisations, covering the whole value chain, have joined the eMobility Technology Platform. Specifically, collaboration between on-going R&D projects, future projects under the 7th Framework Programme, EUREKA projects and national projects and programmes will be supported through working groups of the platform and the activities of the eMobility Mirror and Liaison Group and Expert Group. Existing international links are being extended, for example, through liaisons with the National Science Foundation in the U.S.A., relevant Universities in the Americas, the FuTURE project and FuTURE Forum in China, NiCT and mITF in Japan, NGMC in Korea and through the Wireless World Research Forum. Collaboration with other European Technology Platforms is at a mature stage and has been promoted by eMobility, which has organised a number of joint platform events, activities and press releases. Relationship of this Project with the eMobility Technology Platform This proposed project is part of the R&D in the area of mobile and wireless technology, which will implement parts of the eMobility Strategic research agenda. In this area the eMobility Technology Platform has set up a framework of collaboration, consultation and information, which is of mutual benefit to all eMobility members and the projects and programmes working in this domain. eMobility has developed, and published on its web site, a Co-operation agreement for each project that intends to establish close co-operation on common overall objectives. There are two versions, with or without access rights, depending on the intended grade of co-operation, providing a legal basis for collaboration and the agreement supports collaborative working groups through organising meetings, mailing lists and wiki tools. These processes will support the collaboration of projects and programmes within the context of the vision and Strategic research agenda of the eMobility Platform. It is the intention of this project to co-operate with other accepted projects towards common overall objectives and to contribute to the collaborative activities and processes established within the framework of the eMobility Technology Platform. The sets of co-operating projects will be defined after the acceptance of project proposals in a process of consultation between relevant projects.
B3.1.1.2 Contribution to EC Policies

The majority of the project partners of EUWB have actively contributed to a large extend to a White Paper towards Radio Spectrum Committee (RSC), this was supporting the initiation of the RSC mandate towards CEPT (see below), which is considered as a milestone in European UWB regulation process. White Paper and Presentation to RSC#7 Excerpt from Doc. RSC#7Cluster: top5 The Radio Spectrum Committee has welcomed the objective to increase synergy between European R&D projects and spectrum policy as described in two working documents presented respectively on 1 October and 10 December 20033. As part of this initiative, the Commission has identified the current EU research
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RSCOM03-20 Linking Community RTD and Spectrum Management and RSCOM03-42 Proposed modalities to increase synergies between EU-funded RTD and spectrum policy.
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work on UWB technology as a relevant activity to report to the Committee, in particular in the context of the forthcoming CEPT work regarding the UWB Mandate submitted for regulatory procedure at this RSC#7 meeting. The U.S.A. have adopted a legal status for the marketing and use of UWB radio devices, at the time of writing this proposal, there is quite recently released a European-wide regulations in place covering the use of UWB radio devices. However, efforts to update this initial regulation are already underway within both CEPT and ETSI based on a recent mandate following the two initial mandates issued by the European Commission. All three mandates reflect the strong interest of the European Commission enabling the UWB-RT as a potential means to support European policies. EC Mandate to ETSI The first one on 25 February, 2003 Ref: (11)38 Standardisation mandate UWB.doc, DG ENTR/G/3, M/329, was issued by the DG ENTERPRISE: Conformity and standardisation, new approach, industries under new approach Mechanical and electrical equipment; (including telecom terminal equipment). ETSI has formally accepted the ECs mandate. Brussels, 25 February 2003 Ref: (11)38 Standardisation mandate, UWB.doc, DG ENTR/G/3, M/329 STANDARDISATION MANDATE FORWARDED TO CEN/CENELEC/ETSI INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS TITLE: Harmonised standards covering Ultrawide band (UWB) applications PURPOSE: The purpose of this mandate is to establish a set of Harmonised Standards covering UWB applications to be recognised under Directive 1999/5/EC (the R&TTE Directive) giving a presumption of conformity with its requirements. JUSTIFICATION: This mandate derives from the R&TTE Directive. This Directive, following the New Approach on Technical Harmonisation and Standards4, defines the essential requirements R&TTE equipment must meet to be placed on the market and to be put into service for its intended purpose. Although various definitions exist for the term, UWB is generally understood to be a technology which, by transmitting exactly timed pulses, spreads transmitted electromagnetic energy over a very large frequency range with as a result a spectral power density, which lies below classical EMC limits. Proposed applications of the technology range from communications, anti-collision radar and imaging techniques (see through a wall). Their proponents argue that UWB devices can operate without causing interference to other users of the spectrum. As a technology, UWB thus doesnt fit in the classical radio regulatory paradigm, which bases itself on a subdivision of the spectrum in bands, which are allocated for specific usage(s). Incumbent spectrum users are concerned that the accumulative effect of UWB devices raises the background noise for their spectrum, rendering operation of their services difficult or sometimes even impossible. Public authorities, especially in the United States and in Europe, are studying these effects. The European Communications Committee held two workshops on the matter, whereas the Federal Communication Commission issued a first order on the matter in February 2002. Such studies should lead to the formulation of specific protection requirements for critical services to be taken into account in harmonised standards for UWB devices. ORDER: The European Standardisation Organisations are mandated to: Develop a work programme for harmonised standards covering UWB applications; Report the progress of the work to the Commission at regular intervals and at least prior to each meeting of the TCAM5; Deliver harmonised standards for the work items confirmed by the TCAM, the references of which will be published in the official journal of the European Communities as giving presumption of conformity with the R&TTE Directive. IN THE FIELD OF
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Council Resolution of 7th May 1985 on a new approach concerning technical harmonisation and standardisation (85/C 136/01). Telecommunications Conformity Assessment and Market Surveillance Committee, which is the standing Committee set-up by the Directive.
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RECOMMENDATIONS: The experts should liaise intensively with regulatory bodies and their experts. PROPOSED SCHEDULE: December 2003 Presentation of the work programme to TCAM; as of December 2004 delivery of harmonised standards. ALIGNMENT WITH OTHER INTERNATIONAL WORK: Where appropriate alignment with equivalent activities in the ITU and in ISO/IEC should be ensured. Due account should be taken of regulations and draft regulations adopted in other economies so as to ensure a global market for UWB devices. STANDSTILL: For the terms of Article 7 of the Directive 98/34/EC, the standstill applies for the standards developed within the present mandate. PUBLICATION IN THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL: The title in the languages of the Community is required. Table 1414: The European Commissions UWB mandate towards ETSI. The content of this mandate is of great importance to EUWB both in terms of regulatory issues as well as implied technological and economical matters. The ECs mandate indicates that UWB-RT shall play an important role in Europe; the relevant statements in the cited ECs mandate document are reproduced to emphasise the ECs policy in this area. The mandate to CEPT, is an order to identify the conditions relating to the harmonised introduction in the European Union (EU) of radio applications based on UWB-RT. In response to the ECs mandate, the CEPT has reorganised their ongoing UWB work in a new task group (ECC-TG3). The content of the mandate towards CEPT indicates clearly the strong interest of the European Commission to enable the introduction of UWB-RT to support the various EC policies, i.e. UWB technology may provide a host of applications of benefit for various EU policies. EC Mandate to CEPT
Brussels, 18 February 2004 Ref: RSCOM04-08 EN, DG INFSO/B4/(2004) MANDATE TO CEPT TO HARMONISE RADIO SPECTRUM USE FOR ULTRA-WIDEBAND SYSTEMS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION TITLE: A mandate to CEPT to identify the conditions relating to the harmonised introduction in the European Union of radio applications based on ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. PURPOSE: Pursuant to art. 4 of the Radio Spectrum Decision, CEPT is mandated to undertake all necessary work to identify the most appropriate technical and operational criteria for the harmonised introduction of UWB-based applications in the European Union. JUSTIFICATION: UWB technology may provide a host of applications of benefit for various EU policies. However, its characteristic broad underlay over spectrum already used by other radio services may also have an impact on the proper operation of radio services of significance for the successful implementation of EU policies. It is therefore important to establish conditions of the use of radio spectrum for UWB which will allow UWB to be introduced on the market as commercial opportunities arise, while providing adequate protection to other radio services. Furthermore, economies of scale and consequent benefits to the consumer will only accrue if an effective single market for these applications is set in place by harmonising spectrum usage rules across the EU. This approach will also address the fact that the expected mobility of UWB devices would likely render the enforcement of divergent national regulations impracticable. Considering the potential impact of UWB regulation on a high number of EU policies and initiatives, this Commission mandate aims to ensure that the technical work already underway or planned by CEPT will fulfil EU policy requirements, as well as to formally align spectrum access harmonisation activities with standardisation work being carried out by ETSI in response to Commission Mandate M/329. ORDER: 1. CEPT is hereby mandated to undertake all relevant work to identify harmonised conditions of use of radio spectrum for ultra-wideband applications in the European Union. A high degree of consideration shall be given to the interests of all parties involved, including the existing services in the bands which could be employed for ultrawideband applications. At the same time, this must be balanced with the overall requirement of avoiding undue regulatory delays in the development and introduction in the European Union of new technologies, such as UWB. Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11 168
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To do so, the technical feasibility of coexistence of UWB applications with existing and planned radio services shall be explored in detail. The near-totality of UWB applications are expected to be operated without requirement for an individual right to use radio spectrum (licence-exempted) and on a no protection, no harmful interference basis. In order to compute safe operating parameters for UWB in the European Union, future individual and aggregation effects of UWB devices should be fully considered and operational mitigation techniques explored. At the same time, usage and power level constraints proposed in the light of all the possible factors affecting the degree of harmful interference from UWB to other services ought to remain proportionate, taking into account that many sources of radio white noise already exist, in particular in indoor environments. CEPT should also undertake this mandate in full awareness of the developing regulatory context for UWB outside Europe and of the potential benefits to consumers of achieving globally-compatible conditions of radio spectrum use for UWB. However, the protection of other radio users should be ensured, by considering the European specificities in spectrum use compared to other regions of the world. This mandate is intended to provide a general framework for the development of a common European position on UWB, and to consider all possible UWB types of applications (i.e. communications, imaging, surveillance, etc.), except automotive shortrange radar, for which a separate Commission mandate has already been issued to CEPT (see RSCOM 03-37). In scheduling the work, CEPT is requested to take into account the state of progress in the development of UWB standards and the fact that sharing studies have been focussed until now on communication applications operating between 1 and 6 GHz. It is therefore expected that under this Mandate CEPT will finalise its activities in this area and in this range at first, while addressing other possibilities, both concerning other applications and other frequency ranges. Depending on developments of UWB technology, more mandates may be required subsequently. 2. In order to achieve the above, CEPT is mandated to: undertake all the necessary technical compatibility work between UWB systems and potentially affected radio services required to develop a harmonised regulation for the use of radio spectrum for UWB in the European Union; including - scheduling and prioritising activities under this mandate to reflect the work already undertaken in this area; justifying this selection on the basis of clear criteria, notably industry demand and potential impact of UWB applications on EU policies; - determining the frequency range(s) it wishes to focus upon first, and justifying this selection on the basis of clear criteria; studying the possible use of additional frequency ranges in the future; identify the technical parameters of UWB systems to be included in the overall harmonised regulatory approach; for this, work in close collaboration with ETSI, in its development of harmonised standards for UWB pursuant to Commission Mandate M/329; in this context, consider where design guidelines for existing and new radio standards could improve suitability of spectrum for underlay by UWB devices; identify the conditions of use of radio spectrum by UWB required to protect other radio services from harmful interference, including the potential impact of UWB out-of-band emissions on other services. Give due consideration to appropriate measurements techniques for UWB emission, as well as to the use of mitigation techniques compliant with the application of EC law; consider the existing and developing regulatory environment, in particular ongoing ITU activities, and the extent of convergence which is feasible with non-EU regulation. The application across the EU of ITU RR article 4.4, but also the implications of UWB emissions in frequency bands covered by ITU RR footnote 5.340, should also be studied; report on actual or planned real-life testing within the European Union; consider the possible benefits of experimental rights to use radio spectrum (or licences) for UWB applications; consider the designation of one or more harmonised frequency band(s) for generic or specific UWB uses; the choice of particular technical conditions of use applicable to UWB in this/these band(s) shall be duly justified. Alternatively, technical options shall be provided for discussion and approval by the Radio Spectrum Committee. consider what could be the possible elements of a monitoring and review mechanism aimed at ensuring that regulation of radio spectrum for UWB remains responsive to technical and societal developments, and to actual or perceived changes in the risk of harmful interference with other radio services. CEPT is expected to summarise the results on the above-mentioned tasks in its reporting to the Commission. 3. CEPT is mandated to provide deliverables according to the following schedule: July 15th 2004 First Report from CEPT to the Commission: Description of initial work undertaken under this Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11 169
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Mandate and schedule for future work. Nov 15th 2004 Interim Report from CEPT to the Commission: Description of first phase of work finalised under this Mandate and orientation for second phase. April 2005 Final Report from CEPT to the Commission: Description of work undertaken and results achieved under this Mandate. Suggestions for further work. In addition, CEPT is requested to report on the progress of its work pursuant to this Mandate to all the meetings of the Radio Spectrum Committee taking place during the course of the Mandate. 4. The result of this Mandate can be made applicable in the European Community pursuant to Article 4 of the Radio Spectrum Decision. In implementing this Mandate, the CEPT shall, where relevant, take the utmost account of Community law applicable.
Table 1515: The European Commissions UWB mandate towards CEPT. From the minutes of the first TG3 meeting, it follows that the ECs representative expressed his wish to follow the work of ECC-TG3 and help whenever necessary with the interpretation on the objectives of the mandate. He also insisted on the need for rapid progress due to growing industrial demands for regulating this (UWB) technology and explained that the tight and challenging schedule of the mandate was aimed at providing viable solutions in a timely fashion. Moreover, the ECs counsellor also underlined that a large amount of funding is invested by the European Union in various research projects on UWB6, indicating that the Commission strongly encourages CEPT to make use of the resources available in these RTD projects to validate and complement UWB compatibility studies by experimental tests. As EUWB can be considered as the integral follow-up of whyless.com, UCAN, ULTRAWAVES, PULSERS, PULSERS Phase II and UROOF concentrating all major European UWB related research activities in a single Integrated Project it can be seen as essential participant in the regulation and standardisation process providing scientific excellence as well as practical support (in terms of measurements and coexistence investigations).
B3.1.1.3 Co-operation with Major National Research Programmes in Europe

In 2006, in Germany a 6 years R&D programme dedicated to UWB related activities has been launched: UkoLoS Ultra-wideband Radio Technologies for Communication, Localisation and Sensor Technology. It is a Priority programme SPP1202 launched by the DFG (German Research Foundation). EUWB will closely co-operate with this programme through the programme leader being a member of the EUWB consortium, namely UIL.
B3.1.2 Socio-economic Impact

EUWB focuses entirely on UWB-RT, a new wireless technology, operating in a potentially unlicensed frequency band in Europe, that will have significant benefits for public safety, consumers, businesses, and the environment alike, through the introduction of a potentially vast array of products and applications. UWB devices operate in spectrum bands already occupied by existing radio services, thus permitting the scarce spectrum resources to be used more efficiently, a core concern of any radio regulatory body. The projects acronym EUWB reflects its major objective, namely to provide a new wireless core technology with features that can change the way how people use and interact with their environment through wireless communications and localisation technologies, be it in their daily life at home, in public places, or in the work environment. At the component level, EUWB will continue to develop basic PHY/MAC building blocks enabling the realisation of a surrounding Ambient Intelligence for more natural and easy interactions with envisaged future IST applications and services. But the main focus of EUWB is on the system aspects, where the integration of technology elements derived in previous projects, and further optimised in previous PULSERS, will constitute system level verification of representative applications based on UWB-RT. When considering the various usage scenarios, EUWB will take on the challenge to bring the users i.e. people to the foreground and thus to the centre of attention. This is expected to be achievable with UWB-RT communications and localisation technologies for the background (pervasive and almost invisible) and embeddable in every day objects.
EC supported RTD projects related to UWB radio technology are whyless.com, UCAN and ULTRAWAVES as well as PULSERS forming the integral FP6 follow up of the other three FP5 projects.
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Figure 3434: Relative growth of UWB enabled devices (source: ISM research). In a broader sense, the R&D activities within EUWB address major challenges in areas such as mobility, safety, environmental protection, leisure, industrial automation and control, surveillance and monitoring, human-human and human-machine interaction, as well as support systems for people with disabilities to provide barrier free access and personal autonomy. UWB-RT has the potential to contribute significantly towards the IST vision of tomorrow, including: Ambient Intelligence, the notion that the Surrounding is the Interface, the intuitive use of all senses, availability of Infinite Bandwidth and Performance, mobile/wireless full multimedia, effortless mode of interaction and context-based knowledge handling, to name a few. The general and the technically interested public will benefit from the dissemination of knowledge and results gained within EUWB. Finally, Europes wireless industry will derive benefits from a new generation of engineers trained by their active participation or through the educational activities induced by EUWB.
Figure 3535: EUWB driving European and international UWB related standards extension.
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Figure 3636: UWB in the (extended) home environment. The EUWB project will be: Driving European (ECMA 368/369, ETSI TG31a/c) and international (IEEE 802.15.4a/3c) standards and contributing to global (Bluetooth, WiMedia) industrial alliances ensures coverage of the new applications services and the application specific extended user operational requirements; Implementing important EC policy enabling new markets and applications contributing to European frequency regulation (CEPT ECC TG3 and SE24) by re/double-using radio spectrum while ensuring coexistence with other existing radio systems (intra and inter) introduction of new paradigm; Driving enhancement of several European industry sectors competitiveness (home CE, semiconductors, automotive, public transport, public networks) by enabling new industrial and service opportunities; Providing new means for convergence of NGNW with ultra high speed short range wireless access inclusive local hybrid fixed/wireless systems by defining and validating interoperability in several heterogeneous scenarios.
B3.1.3 Technological Impact

Scientific EUWB will address the scientific objectives of the IST Priority at different levels. EUWB will effectively leverage the scientific knowledge base emerging from the past UWB-RT related IST-FP5 and FP6 projects, i.e. whyless.com, UCAN and ULTRAWAVES, by integrating some of their key partners and by continuing the successful partnership established under the IST-FP6 projects PULSERS and PULSERS Phase II. New scientific contributions will become available at an applied technological level through the demonstration platforms that will be developed in the course of the project, and at a more fundamental level through the integration of advanced research topics, which will lead to design guidelines and future extensions of the technology under development. For example, EUWB will continue to addresses advanced concepts for future Multiple Antenna Systems (MAS) with emphasis on fundamental scientific aspects as started in PULSERS, but now relying on less idealised assumptions and taking into account real-world constraints; technology developed in the subsequent project will benefit from this activity, e.g. distributed MAS will enable new applications in difficult industrial environment where link reliability is a premium concern. The EUWB consortium pursues a proactive dissemination of the scientific results to encourage further interactions and exchange with their peers, e.g. in the Networks of Excellence (NoE). Technological UWB-RT is an emerging and disruptive wireless technology, facilitating the need for a paradigm shift in the design and use of wireless systems. At the same time, it offers solutions for many known and probably also many yet to be discovered indoor as well as outdoor wireless scenarios, e.g. [17][17], which will change the way we communicate, handle everyday tasks, do business, etc. Focused entirely on UWB-RT, EUWB unites a critical mass
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of organisations with proven expertise in the field, enabling significant contributions towards the technological, regulatory (CEPT ECC TG3, ITU TG1/8), and standardisation (ETSI TG31a, IEEE 802.15.4a/3a) advancement of UWB-RT in Europe and world-wide. EUWB will leverage and enhance the technical competence of almost forty collaborating European and international partners, including large industrial members, SMEs, public RTD entities and academic organisations. The involved partners and the wider public will benefit from new know-how generated in the form of intellectual property, scientific publications, technological assets and experience that support the implementation of low-cost and low-power PHY/MAC concepts and architectures leading to building blocks for future, advanced UWB radio systems. EUWB will assist and partly lead even the European RTD community in the field of UWB-RT to effectively reach an internationally competitive technological status by following a dual approach in investigating, developing and verifying the underlying system concepts and technologies. In particular, at the systems and PHY/MAC levels, EUWB is primarily targeting two distinct classes of application areas of UWB-RT low data rate with localisation and tracking (LDR-LT) and very high data rate (VHDR). The project will include specific integration work for system verification and investigate coexistence issues related to incumbent radio services. Many of the targeted technological objectives are well beyond the state-of-the-art of UWB-RT known today. For example, a demanding objective of EUWB is to show and verify the feasibility of a UWB-RT based digital visual interface (DVI) applicable to future wireless HDTV data streaming applications. Another example is given by the challenging objective of identifying viable concepts that benefit from the multiple antenna effect in UWB radio systems. An all important technological objective is to advance state-of-theart of low power and low complexity systems and devices based on UWB-RT.
B3.1.4 Contributions to Regulations and Standards

A prerequisite for establishing standards is a radio spectrum regulation in force permitting such activities. In Europe the UWB standardisation process in TG31a of ETSI is stalled until the CEPT and RSC will provide a regulation covering UWB in Europe. Until this time the ETSI TG31a members actively participate in CEPT ECCC TG3 meetings together with the EUWB representatives and European administrations and major companies representatives. One of the most important objectives of the EUWB project is to support activities in Regulation and Standardisation of UWB-RT. These activities have been the most successful and most visible ones already during previous project PULSERS. There have been several PULSERS inputs to the Radio Spectrum Committee (RSC), CEPT ECC TG3 and ITU-R TG1/8. This activities are planned to be continued under the umbrella of the EUWB project. Radio Spectrum Council (RSC) of the EU Submission of White Paper and Presentation to RSC#7 UWB Mandate to CEPT; Maintain liaison to ECs DG INFSO Radio Spectrum Policy Unit B-4 (F. Greco). CEPT TG3 Participated in 6 meetings; Submitted 10 contributions PULSERS Comments on Draft ECC Report 64 (ERO/ECC Public Consultation); PULSERS partner co-ordinate UWB Industry Proponents ad-hoc Group (UIPaG) within TG3. ITU-R TG1/8 Representatives of PULSERS partner are members of the Swiss delegation (Ofcom); Participated in 2 meetings (3rd in Boston and 4th in Geneva); Submitted 8 contributions.
During the preparation of this proposal it has been difficult to forecast if the dedicated regulatory efforts for UWBRR technologies in Europe will indeed be terminated as planned in 2007. It is likely that regulatory efforts may be extended to 2008 and behind in Europe and may re-appear on global recommendation level (ITU). EUWB partners are fully committed to support this process by active contribution and will continue to support efforts on UWB standardisation. An older example is a PULSERS contribution to the public consultation process of the ECC Report 64 on UWB regulation (more than 100 pages document with 18 Annexes): PULSERS Comments on Draft ECC Report 64 General Conclusions
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Draft ECC Report 64 fails to enable a constructive path towards the collective targets set forth by the ECs mandate, since the generic PSD limits in the report will: most likely deter anyone from investing in complying UWB devices and applications; prevent a much required harmonised and globally compatible UWB regulatory framework; prevent the development of an economically viable European UWB radio ecosystem. As a continuation of this huge effort in EUWB partners are committed to following steps: Investigation and development of UWB radio devices and systems within the EUWB project that are compatible with current (U.S.A.) and up-and-coming (Europe, Asia) radio regulations, e.g. usage, spectrum mask; EUWB results will have a constructive impact on the directions and outcomes of i) the on-going and future European UWB regulatory process and ii) current and future PHY/MAC standardisation efforts, both in Europe and beyond, through the active support and contributions of partners Individually and jointly support the efforts of EUWB partners that contribute towards a globally compatible UWB radio regulation. In addition, EUWB aims to influence the standardisation and regulation efforts by leveraging a unified industrial front. To help achieve these objectives, close co-operation and liaisons with key international partners and organisations established in the previous project PULSERS will be maintained and extended.
However, in the U.S.A. the IEEE has started standardisation for HDR UWB devices already directly after the regulation was put in place by FCC (and has unsuccessful finished this time) and has very recently started standardisation process on LDR-LT, where pulse based UWB is a major candidate. EUWB project members have submitted earlier proposals for standard and are actively involved in the standardisation process in the U.S.A. These activities are planned to be continued and even increased, as in Europe now an initial regulation is in place and ETSI TG31a will again become active for further deploying the possibilities opened now. Regulation (Spectrum Mask and Measurement/Test Procedures) The EUWB project aims to contribute to the regulatory process through ETSI or ITU bodies, as required. This may include dedicated measurements efforts, or other simulation activities which may be required by regulatory bodies; for example modelling and evaluating the effects of interference from various types of UWB signals upon existing radio systems. Those activities performed by PULSERS/PULSERS Phase II partners in the past will be further developed in the EUWB project, and will be related to the outcome of update decisions on regulation, which are unclear at the time of writing of this proposal, but an first update is expected to appear end of 2007 and from there probably ones a year until the issue is settled. It may transpire that active participation in the CEPT ECC TG3 working Group will continue in 2007 and 2008, depending on changes or the emergence of new issues regarding UWB-RT applications, as mandated by RSC.
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The ECC TG3 report 64 defined a generic protection mask for the introduction of UWB in Europe as seen above. This mask was derived from protection criteria for the victim services without any mitigating effects being taken into account. In parallel the UWB industry representatives at the TG3 meeting proposed a document outlining the future work needed to allow an introduction of UWB in Europe with conditions that are similar to those in the U.S.A., including mitigating effect, limiting the initial studies to under 5 GHz and limiting UWB deployment to include no outdoor fixed infrastructure. EUWB will be active in carrying forward this future work with a strong possibility that it might continue into 2007 and 2008. A first success is the compromise solution presented in the first UWB regulation in Europe in February 2007. Standards (PHY/MAC specifications) In Europe, the EC has mandated ETSI to investigate a harmonised standard for the introduction of UWB radio technology. This mandate forces the harmonisation of safety, health and environment, efficient spectrum use through avoidance of harmful interference, respect of electromagnetic compatibility and the ability to operate properly in nationally defined radio spectrums. A further key aspect for consideration by ETSI is the creation of additional public utility parameters, such as access to emergency services, privacy protection and features for disabled people. Within ETSI the work has been split into devices below 10 GHz (defined by ERM TG31a) and automotive applications (defined by ERM TG31b). ETSI ERM TG31a has drafted an initial recommendation, EN 302065, for UWB applications below 10 GHz. Although ETSI is responsible for delivering the EC mandate and is required to produce a harmonised standard, there is also a collaboration mechanism provided by the establishment of the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) work group (SE24). The CEPT SE24 group conducts numerous studies to establish the potential for coexistence of UWB devices with existing legal radio services. EUWB plans to actively contribute to the standardisation efforts, and WP9 is exclusively dedicated to this goal. This will continue the driving effort the project partners have invested up to now into these fora. The EUWB project is aiming to continue contributing to the UWB-related standardisation bodies, especially on PHY/MAC concepts and their evaluation in relation to new standards enabling applications based on LDR-LT and HDR devices, e.g. IEEE 802.15.4a (LDR-LT) and ETSI (HDR/LDR-LT) (long term effort). These efforts will be disseminated further through: Contacts to the Japanese Standardisation and regulations authorities, e.g. MPHPT, using our Israel project partner (who is actively supporting TELEC); Contacts to the NICT (EUWB plans to establish a MoU to exchange information); Contacts to the Institute for Infocomm Research (IR) in Singapore (EUWB will establish an MoU); Contacts to the Korean Spectrum Engineering Forum. It is very likely that some of the new research activities will be appropriate for contribution to standardisation bodies. Two ETSI groups, namely ETSI TC RRS (Technical Committee on Reconfigurable Radio Systems) and ETSI TG 31a, are targeted. Principal investigator from WRC, Radosaw Piesiewicz has already been active in the operation of ETSI TC RRS and served as a liaison person of EUWB in it, when at CREATE-NET. There is a high potential that developments of DCPC planned in T2.2 will generate interesting inputs to this body. Also, developments set forth in WP8 might provide tangible inputs to ETSI TG 31a and if so will be disseminated to this body by EUWB WP9 liaison persons Hartmut Dunger (BOSCH) and Friedbert Berens (FBC).
B3.1.5 Impact for the Enlarged Europe

With the accession of 4 new highly qualified and competent partners from Central, Eastern and Southern Europe to the industry-led, prime European IP project on advanced UWB communications technology, co-operation in the enlarged Europe will be significantly reinforced. On one side, the new EUWB+ partners will gain access to very advanced technology solutions and know-how provided by over 20 current EUWB partners from western European countries. On the other hand, these new 4 partners will bring in new scientific concepts, expanding the scope of EUWB activities and also strengthen hardware development in a number of demonstrators, hence improving the exploitation of ICT R&D synergies across enlarged Europe with a common goal to reinforce the European industrial and technological base in the field of advanced communication systems. Needless to say, the accession of two universities, one research institute and one SME from altogether 4 different countries will contribute greatly to wider participation in Community-supported ICT research projects across all Member and Associated states. It is not only that these institutions will take part in FP7 project, but they will also
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disseminate good practices and activate respective communities in their home countries by demonstrating added value and showcasing results of their involvement in EUWB+. The researchers from the EUWB+ involved institutions are highly recognised individuals in their countries in their fields of activity. They will spread excellence and increase interest in participation to EU funded projects. EUWB is a large integrated project, the prime one in Europe on advanced short-range UWB technology. It comprises all key industrial and academic players in this field. EUWB is also crowning the successful sequence of UWB oriented FP5 and FP6 projects with main focus on industrial exploitation manifested by purely application and market oriented clusters, including public transport, automotive, home environment and heterogeneous networks all led by key industrial players including EADS, Philips, Bosch and Telefnica. It is the place to have impact and learn best knowledge and practices in UWB technology in Europe. Hence, accession of 4 new excellent partners from enlarged Europe to EUWB paves the way for strategic partnerships across enlarged Europe. Their valuable contributions, focused on the true identified additional needs of EUWB project will bring UWB developments forward and hence will strengthen European competitiveness. Also, contributions towards standards and interoperable solutions can be expected, as outlined in further exploitation and dissemination sections.
B3.2 Plan for the Use and Dissemination of Foreground

B3.2.1 Dissemination/Exploitation of Project Results
During the project run time a detailed plan for dissemination and for exploitation of knowledge will be developed in an evolutionary way starting with an initial version already after two months project time. Then for each reporting period an updated version and at the end a final version of this plan will be provided by the project. Therefore each partner will provide for each version one month in advance before the end of the reporting period the appropriate input to the project management for compilation of the document and delivery to the project and also to the EC. However, as the project builds on a preceding phase (where the first reporting period was finished recently) there is already input and rough estimations available. EUWB project partners have identified typical application areas where the UWB-RT may have a successful deployment by fully utilising specific aspects of the technology and drive competitive advantage: Home usage as integrated parts of the home related appliances like households goods not necessarily classified as consumer electronics (switches, lights, home sensors, alarms) potential parts of the house automation market; Usage for consumer market appliances collectively described as multimedia devices (video, audio, gaming, DVI content exchange devices like displays), which are not necessary computing devices; Usage in PAN environments, such as PDA connectivity applications and private sensors networks such as body area systems, and includes PAN connectivity on commonly used mobile communication devices or other gateway nodes for long distance communications; Usage in WLAN environments; Usage in industrial markets for highly harsh environments by including localisation and tracking features (manufacturing facilities, logistics); Usage in wireless sensor markets including security, medical, automotive, avionics and transport; Usage in mobile phone markets where UWB-RT technology will be integrated; Usage in low cost localisation and Tracking market by inclusion of such functionality in the consumer electronics devices; Usage in professional localisation and tracking market for security and health reasons.
Following dissemination activities have been envisaged: Regulation and standardisation activities; Participation in scientific conferences; Scientific and general technology papers; Participation in related workshops;
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Active participation in specific clusters; Specific activities related to individual efforts of the dedicated project partners.
B3.2.1.1 Use Plan

It is anticipated that use plans for EUWB partners can be classified as follows: Major EUWB partners providing a complete product may have their own individual usage plan for deployment of the technology in commercial products on a global level. These plans are predominantly influenced by the full deployment of the UWB-RT technology in a complementary manner compared to the existing short range wireless technologies. The complementary approach uses advantages of the UWB-RT technology, such as new localisation and tracking features, low power consumption, low complexity and large spatial capacities; Technology and sub-system providers have an internal use plan for providing mature technologies for deployment of the UWB-RT related devices; Public research institutes and universities plan to disseminate the UWB-RT knowledge to third parties through IP usage, and to use it to build up knowledge of UWB-RT, providing the capability to further develop and optimise the technology to make it product ready, further they use it in the education process and therefore attract more students; EUWB partners with mobile service provider capabilities will use the UWB-RT technology as an asset to be integrated in mobile phones providing additional service provisions to the end user.
Each of the use plans will be provided initially after the start of the project and then being updated on an annual basis forming part of the periodic and final review reports.
B3.2.1.2 Plan for Disseminating Knowledge

Concertation and Clustering The project will actively participate in the activities organised at programme level relating to the ICT Future Networks area with the objective of providing input towards common activities and receiving feedback, e.g. from clusters and co-ordination groups, offering advice and guidance and receiving information relating to ICT programme implementation, standards, policy and regulatory activities, national or international initiatives, etc. Regulation and Standardisation It is considered that dissemination of the UWB-RT knowledge and results in the scope of the Regulation and Standardisation process are major objectives of the PULSERS project. It is envisaged that by 2006 the major regulatory issues for deployment of the UWB-RT technology in Europe will mostly be finalised. Further, it is expected that at a world-wide level, related recommendations may also be issued or be very close to being issued. EUWB project partners will continue to contribute to the CEPT ECC TG3 Working Group as necessary to support regulatory UWB efforts in Europe. The current Regulation and Standardisation activities supported are in the following areas: UWB radio devices and systems being developed within PULSERS are compatible with current (U.S.A.) and up-coming (Europe, Asia) radio regulations, e.g. usage, spectrum mask; PULSERS results have a constructive impact on the directions and outcomes of i) the on-going and future European UWB regulatory process and ii) current and future PHY/MAC standardisation efforts, both in Europe and beyond EUWB will continue these efforts after the end of PULSERS Phase II; Support both individual and joint efforts of EUWB partners that contribute towards a globally compatible UWB radio regulation. In addition, EUWB aims to achieve an impact in the standardisation and regulation area by leveraging a unified industrial front. To help achieve these objectives, close cooperation and liaisons with key international partners and organisations are established and will be maintained and extended.
EUWB is aiming to contribute to regulatory processes to enable deployment of innovative UWB radio systems, e.g. by modelling and evaluating the effects of interference from various types of UWB signals upon key existing radio systems. Partner activities have been already initiated before the official project start. The same is planned
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for the project with the addition of the provision of measurement results directly into TG3 and SE/FM regulation process. For this reason one of the EUWB partners (GWT) is leading the UWB in vehicle working group. Workshops, Conferences, Scientific Papers, Public Awareness Participation in selected workshops related to the UWB-Technology and Short Range Wireless technologies will be targeted by EUWB in order to disseminate the knowledge and also to raise the respective public awareness. This will be especially true for European events, conducted and being initiated by European Commission bodies. In particular, EUWB commits to participate in the ICT-event, 25.27. November 2008, in Lyon and the ICT-2010. In addition EUWB will organise a regular annual workshop to disseminate general information about the project as well as relevant scientific results. This annular workshop may be part of another related event, in which case a dedicated session or workshop day will be held for EUWB. Providing general information about EUWB will assist both European and non-European organisations to better understand the focus of the objectives of EUWB. It will also allow interaction between external organisations and those developing UWB experience within EUWB. The EUWB workshops may be associated with conferences in Europe, Asia and the U.S.A. EUWB will actively promote publication of scientific and general information in relevant conferences, journals and professional magazines. In line with its obligations regarding dissemination of results and achievements, the EUWB project insures that all public documents (including, but not restricted to, the following material: video material covering experiments, trials; animations of real-time simulation results; presentations, animated/voiceover or not; promotional material (leaflets, posters, etc.); press releases etc. generated by the project are duly collected in a dissemination package which is associated with the periodic reports. Given the increasing experience and understanding of UWB which is expected to by gained by the partnership, UWB tutorials with emphasis on technically challenging, yet feasible UWB technologies will be developed and presented by members of the EUWB consortium. They will also include general information on UWB technology, project description and project status. WEB Site Activities The project undertakes to establish, not later than one month after the start of the project, a web site supported by the project partners, to provide a unified view of the project; a copy thereof will be included in the Dissemination Package. Amongst other documents available from the site, UWB related publications, as well as public deliverables and a selection of the general presentations, will be placed on the web server. The EUWB web site will also be established as the web site for major developments related to UWB-RT technology. Marketing Strategies of Individual Partners Basic postulated UWB exploitation and marketing strategy: Exploitation of EUWB synergetic efforts will support Europes plans to conceive and build a competitive heterogeneous, wireless access network, containing UWB radio technology as a complementary means to existing and upcoming radio technologies; The consortium acts as incubator for strategic partnerships among numerous partners; Exploitation of results in the areas of PHY/MAC and (mesh and ad-hoc) networking concepts for new scenarios will be input to regulatory bodies and standardisation bodies; A common dissemination strategy among the partners is agreed to be followed in the scope of the project. However, individual plans for exploitation are driven by specific interests of specific partners and groups. Innovative and extremely low-power and low complexity UWB radio systems; Precise positioning (would fit perfectly into the realisation of Philips vision of Ambient Intelligence for future connected, intelligent homes HomeLab; Tags and sensors (LDR-LT) (potential to manufacture billions of chips/year in industrial environment); The scenarios appealing to an operator include extended WLANs and distributed sensor network, where UWB radio offers advantages not found in other schemes, like interference robustness, and high capacity; Academic partners will exploit their results and experience from the project to help the academic formation of a new wave of engineers with specific UWB-RT know-how, ready to respond to future market demands. This may result in providing skilled staff for industry and simultaneously open the door for potential spin-off;
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Following examples of the future products being identifies as basic approach for specific marketing strategy are:
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Deployment on the UWB-RT technology in licence free spectrum world-wide, with dedicated European regulatory solutions if necessary. Consumer electronics (home sensor, entertainment, computer) and mobile phone industry, e.g. wireless data transfer interfaces, cables connections, localisation tracking (PDA, mobile phones, audio/video equipment); Automotive, industrial and security industry, e.g. home networks, sensors, cables connections, localisation tracking; European semiconductor industry expect benefits from a future mass-volume UWB chip production, e.g. by new and affordable user applications.
It is estimated that UWB-RT will help to drive the European economy due to deployments in following industries:
These industries and related EUWB partners will deploy specific marketing strategies for respective market segments. In the following some specific initial exploitation plans of individual EUWB partners are introduced. P01-GWT In the first place it is important for GWT to co-operate with large companies and establish itself as an competent partner and source of excellence. For this the EUWB project is perfectly suited. On the other hand, GWT has a diversity of high tech development branches, where the results of this project are expected to create a strong level of interaction and synergy (public transport and health departments will strongly co-operate with the ICT department during and after the project to implement results in products). Dissemination is another important activity to become known on an international level. P03-TESD As a custom design and manufacturing company TES Electronic Solutions GmbH is strongly focussing on providing innovative solutions in the areas of UWB, Bluetooth and new 60 GHz radios to customers in the automotive, industrial, mass transport and home entertainment market segments. TESD will thus support the dissemination of the project results at conferences, through publications in relevant technical journals and at standardisation meetings. Additionally, TESD plans to exploit the results of the multimode/multiband platform by developing customised products for the different applications and market segments. Even single components, such as the mixer for the 60 GHz UWB to below 10 GHz UWB up-/down-conversion could be commercialised, depending on the successful completion of the corresponding task. P04-PHI Bringing innovative solutions and applications to the consumer electronic market (particularly in the areas of high quality video and audio applications) is the business of the innovation laboratory of Philips CE. UWB as an enabling technology has the promising potential to open new opportunities for innovation within the home entertainment domain. By joining the considerable expertise within the innovation lab and that of other partners in the EUWB consortium the possibility of development, implementation and ultimately demonstration of these innovative concepts become available. The know-how gained in the process will help Philips CE and its partners in the consortium to gain scientifically as well as economically by exploiting these novel techniques in commercial products. P05-BOSCH Based on the technology developed and demonstrated in this project, a new class of sensors with wireless communication can be developed. Based on the results obtained concerning reliability, latency and cost, appropriate sensor types will be identified. Series development of such sensors will be performed in close cooperation with ECU platform development and OEMs. The in-car location tracking technology developed will be transferred to the interested business unit for series development. P07-LUH LUH has already an excellent visibility in UWB: LUH will host the IEEE International Conference on UWB 2008 (www.icuwb2008.org) in Hannover an ideal forum for dissemination of project results. As has been successfully demonstrated in 2007 by a special session of PULSERS Phase II, another good opportunity for dissemination is the Workshop on Positioning, Navigation, and Localisation (WPNC, cf. www.wpnc.net), also organised by LUH.
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Moreover, LUH is leading an initiative on formulating the visions about UWB under the umbrella of the wireless world research forum (www.wireless-world-research.org). Several journal and conference paper will round up the dissemination activities of LUH. P08-CNET EUWB partners, notably CREATE-NET, are currently involved in the organisation of an annual international conference dedicated to Cognitive Radio and Networks, namely the International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom www.crowncom.org). On one hand, CrownCom is technically co-sponsored by the IEEE Communication Society (ComSoc), the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (MTT-S), the IEEE Vehicular Technology Society (VTS), and the European Association for Signal Processing (EURASIP). On the other hand, CrownCom has been in the technical co-operation with ACM (The Association for Computer Machinery) and ACM SIGMOBILE (The ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data, and Computing). Moreover, a tutorial on Wireless Environment (Spectrum) Sensing, Detection and Discovery Strategies will be co-organised by CREATE-NET and presented in the relevant conferences (CrownCom, DySPAN, ICC, Globecom, etc.). The Cognitive Radio technology developed within the EUWB project is expected to drive a number of applications and market opportunities, both directly and indirectly. CREATE-NET is committed to work especially with the industrial partners of the EUWB consortium in order to exploit the findings of the project in the context of the envisaged environments. Moreover, the know-how on Cognitive Radio aspects and solving of coexistence issues accumulated by CREATE-NET over the life-span of the project will be exploited in other relevant research/applied projects. P10-EADS The result of the project will be the demonstration of a series of new wireless technologies which enable new advanced communication infrastructure specifically developed for applications in the public transport environment. The implementation of systems for public transport based on the results of EUWB will not just be an integration of the technologies developed during the project, but will require a collective action by a number of key actors. The effective dissemination of results is vital as it is the basis for promotion of future technologies for the public transport environment and their world-wide acceptance by the involved communities. To this aim EADS will during the project: Present EUWB results within the main conferences and events related to public transport; Present the results of the project to regulation, standardisation and certification authorities and organisations (aereonautical or not); Interact with other research activities.
Exchange the information results with all EADS Business Units in particular with Airbus for appropriate definition and evaluation of the application scenarios and the requirements This will also help to reach the necessary collective agreement between stakeholders like transport facilities producers, public transport operators, government agencies and passenger groups to ensure that the proposed new services, regulations satisfies all parties requirements. The industrial exploitation of EUWB results towards the public transport market, e.g. civil aviation, bus and train, is for EADS the main objective. However, due to the complexity and openings to any application that EUWB wish to achieve, it cannot be excluded that some of the results could be object of further development leading to dual products. P11-TID Telefnica I+D, as R&D company of Telefnica Group, has the aim of innovating new ways of offering novel services and enhancing the Telefnica customers satisfaction. Telefnica is a global operator, providing fixed and mobile communications including voice, data and video services. UWB will play an important role supporting the improvement of provisioning such services thanks to high speed wireless broadband access. The work performed within EUWB will allow TID to integrate UWB in an heterogeneous access environment. In this way, customers will be able to enjoy anywhere a broadband access in a single device with multimode radios with low power
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consumption. Location capabilities offered by UWB will enable the deployment of novel services exploiting the information of accurate user position. Thus, the benefits that TID will offer to Telefnica Group exploitations are: Improvement in wireless broadband networks in an heterogeneous environment; Upgrading the user experience of truly mobile broadband access; Enhancement of services by using user location information.
Telefnica I+D plans to disseminate the results achieved in the framework of EUWB in standardisation bodies and operator organisations, like NGMN (www.ngmn-cooperation.com), 3GPP (www.3gpp.org), ZigBee Alliance (www.zigbee.org). P14-WIS WiMedia UWB is WIS main business interest. Extension of the possible HDR UWB applications and services will be exploited by WIS to extend the capabilities of its products in order of enhancing its products for better suiting the new possibilities. P15-UZ As a research and educational organisation, UZ will focus on innovative research oriented tasks. UZ will target the dissemination of research results through the publication of scientific papers in relevant conferences, workshops and journals. Dissemination will be done also through presentations or sessions at national and local conferences and events where UZ is an active contributor. UZ will benefit of gained knowledge using it for further research in other local and national projects UZ is involved, which may lead to further develop and optimise the technology and to its application in different scenarios. P19-UNIBO Dissemination is one of the most important tasks especially for work packages 24 which are more innovative research oriented. The UNIBO has a long experience in presenting research results and materials in conferences/ workshops/journal papers as well as in organising international conferences. In particular, UNIBO researchers took the role of chair and session organisers in many international conferences (UWBST, IWUWBS, IEEE Globecom 2003, IEEE Globecom 2004, IEEE ICC 2002, IEEE ICC 2004, IEEE ICC 2007) and also in particular in the IEEE International Conference on UWB (ICUWB). In addition, they are actively involved as Officers in the IEEE Radio Communications Committee. Based on this experience we plan to present the main project results in both journals and international conferences, with the opportunity to organise dedicated sessions and/or workshops to promote the research activities of EUWB. P17-TESUK TES Electronic Solutions Limited, as the UK arm of the TES Group has an active consultancy business centred on radio protocol stack intellectual property (IP). TESUK supplies embeddable protocol stacks and associated consultancy and generates customer reference platforms which may be adapted to specific applications. As such, UWB IP development is a natural extension to the extensive protocol stack IP TESUK has already developed. Short range radio technology centred on UWB meets TESUK growing customer requirements for high speed, short range communications in consumer, industrial, and medical markets. TESUK supplies a full turnkey sub-contract product design and manufacturing capability based on its core skills and IP and will incorporate IP developed during its involvement in EUWB into its portfolio. As a result, TESUK will disseminate and exploit the IP generated during its involvement in the partnership through its normal commercial channels and will supply detailed training, support and adaptation consultancy services based on the EUWB deliverables with which it is involved. P20-UDE UDE plans to exploit their contributions in the EUWB project in both economical and scientific evolution of their profile. In the economic arena, UDE plans to further the UDE PROMETHEUS platform which comprises several hardware/software components providing a variety of wireless connectivity solutions already today. The UDE PROMETHEUS platform improved with the EUWB results will serve as a marketing means in the acquisition of new industry funded collaborations. Furthermore, UDE plans to contribute to the technology transfer of EUWB results to small and medium sized enterprises in Germany and Europe. For instance, the Peter Jung und Guido Bruck Institut fr Kommunikationstechnik GbR (IKT) which was formed in 2005 as a first spin-off of the Lehrstuhl fr Kommunikationstechnik will benefit from the gained knowledge. In the scientific arena, UDE plans
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to exploit the research work in the EUWB project in PhD and master theses carried out under the supervision of Professor Peter Jung. Furthermore, UDE plans to contribute to a series of scientific books authored by members of the EUWB Consortium. In addition, UDE plans to contribute to joint publications in journals and at conferences. Also, UDE plans to jointly organise special sessions at conferences. These activities are intended to increase UDEs scientific visibility. All the mentioned activities are seen as strategic efforts expected to result in the increase of partnerships at national and international levels. P25-BITG Bitgear, as a commercial entity, plans to exploit the result of the EUWB+ project in a market oriented fashion. The project, resulting in new algorithms and adequate demonstrators will yield a set of results with excellent market potential. Of special interest are INS related topics. With a proficiency of building INS systems, the participation in the project will bring a new opportunity for Bitgear to extrapolate new products, or to improve current product line and its know-how. Similar applies for other direct results Bitgear is participating in. On the other hand, the participation of Bitgear in a framework project will significantly improve the image of the company and contribute to improved performance, besides resulting in valuable networking and new market and marketing channels to different EU sub-markets. P26-CTU CTU is the largest technical university in the Czech Republic. It has numerous bilateral contacts to the Czech industry and telecommunication operators and support companies. CTU is the primer research related contact point for industry and naturally serves as dissemination point of new progressive research results. The research teams frequently directly participate on the development of the new product. Thus, the results from this research project have a very direct way to practical application in the industry. The communications industry in the Czech Republic, due to typically small size of companies, mainly concentrates on flexibly filling the gaps in the communications devices markets. Typical are custom solutions for customers with special demands. Those solutions can quite benefit from the cutting edge research results. P27-UPB As a higher education and research organisation, UPB focuses on disseminating its results through the following means: Publications of scientific papers at relevant conferences and workshops, in journals and magazines; Presentations, tutorials, poster presentations or dedicated sessions at national and international conferences in the areas where UPB is an active contributor; Organisation public events in Romania for the presentation of the EUWB+ developed technologies and possible applications to concrete scenarios in research and industry; Encourage other academic and industrial partners from Romania to participate in project involving UWBtechnologies in order to increase the partnerships at both national and international level in UWB-related projects; Elaborate national reports based on the public project deliverables; Maintain a local website at the UPB dedicated to EUWB+ activities, outlining new research issues, technological achievements, use cases, scenario descriptions, etc.; Encourage master and PhD students to contribute to the project by working towards their dissertation thesis on UWB-related subjects.
P28-WRC The role of WRC as independent research entity, is to transfer the knowledge built in the EUWB+ project to industries within Poland and across the world for further commercialisation of the results. The plan is to use the results obtained within the EUWB+ project for further enhancement of WRCs knowledge and competence in the field of telecommunication networks. The enhanced knowledge and competence obtained through the participation in the EUWB+ project will be exploited and used for participating in new projects and setting up partnerships in other ones, both in the academic and (national and European) industry world. From the academic point of view, WRC will pay attention to include selected results from the research activities in curricula in order to prepare the next generation of skilled scientist/engineers. This will be achieved, for example, by updating the material of existing courses (WRC staff lectures at the universities) with results coming from the project and by organising short courses for PhD students on specific topics. This is of great importance in order to
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guarantee continuity, to educate the next generation of skilled engineers as well as to foster a long-term, sustainable technological lead and excellence within Poland and European Union. The close collaboration that is required between the partners of the project in order to come to the intended objectives of the project, allows for training activities within the consortium itself. This is related to exchanging ideas and increasing knowledge by the close co-operation that can be expected in the different project activities. The knowledge obtained within the Project can also be spread to partners personnel that are not directly involved to the project, by organising inhouse training sessions, inviting them to internal workshops, making available a project website with links and documents as a base for e-training activities. This should allow to broaden the obtained knowledge within the partners internal organisation, to the level that people understand what happens within the project, and potentially to see implications and possibilities in their line of work. As a partner WRC will leverage on the project deliverables in order to understand the current market requirements and help industries to create a product roadmap for new algorithms and their implementation in wireless systems. WRC will put more emphasis on making IPR through all kinds of possibilities such as patents on techniques and algorithms developed, copy rights on software and protocols developed, and demonstrations to industry through showcase activities. Through IPR (patents, software, and algorithms) produced during the project WRC will also plan to generate Spin-off Company which can directly exploit the results. WRC will also use the experience and know-how coming from this project to drive the evaluation and study of emerging technologies in the wireless systems field for their future evolution. The major dissemination activities include participation in publications based on the project results as well as workshop and meetings organisation. In addition, liaison with other EU projects in overlapping areas COST Action 2100 Pervasive Mobile & Ambient Wireless Communications and the forthcoming COST Action IC0902 Cognitive Radio and Networking for Cooperative Coexistence of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks is planned to confront methodologies and results.
B3.2.2 Management of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

EUWB partners have defined the IP rights strategy and their approach in a related Consortium agreement on project level. The basic approach is fair access to the IP rights generated to the benefit of all EUWB partners and towards strong non-discriminatory support to UWB-RT deployment in the products. The management of know-how and IPRs activities will be part of the mandates of the PM, the Management Board and in some special cases the Project Assembly. If required, the Project Assembly will adjudicate on difficulties that are drawn to its attention related to know-how management and associated matters. In this project the management of know-how, intellectual property and other aspects of innovation are allocated to specific activities within the various technical work packages. They are threefold: First IPR application for inventions and/or solutions that are new, if some, will be prepared by the work package participants. Second information will be disseminated within the project and third information will be disseminated to external bodies such as scientific publications, conference presentations and contributions to standardisation bodies. Before any external dissemination activity takes place the necessary steps for ensuring the protection of IPRs have to be made. This will ensure that the intellectual property will be secured in the interest of project partners. Contributions to external bodies and especially regulation and standardisation contributions will have an impact on global harmonisation of system concepts and even on the success of market strategies by targeting globally compatible application scenarios legal frameworks and technical interoperability. The dissemination of information and the influence, e.g. on standardisation bodies, is a prerequisite for the economic success of IPRs exploitation. The general principles for handling know-how and intellectual property rights within EUWB are stated hereunder and will be settled in a Consortium agreement to be signed by the EUWB consortium at the project start. These principles are in line with FP7 IPR recommendations. Foreground/Background: All results of the project (inventions, software, databases, cell lines, ) and attached rights are called foreground. Background is the information and attached rights which are held by participants prior to their accession to the grant agreement (no side ground) and which are needed for carrying out the project or for using its results. Ownership: Each participant owns the foreground it generates. Joint ownership: When the foreground is generated jointly and it is impossible to determine the respective share of the work, participants must reach an agreement. However, in absence of a specific agreement, a fallback solution applies: any joint owner is entitled to grant nonexclusive licenses to third parties,
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without any right to sub-license, subject to prior notification and fair and reasonable compensation to the other owner(s).. Transfer: Obligations regarding foreground must be passed on (especially regarding the granting of access rights). Notifications/Objections: Prior notification of transfer only to the other participants who may object if it would adversely affect their access rights or who may waive their rights to be notified in advance regarding specific third parties, e.g. mother companies. The Commission may object to transfers to third parties established in non-associated third countries for ethical, competitiveness or security reasons (where appropriate: requirements to notify the Commission). Protection, use and dissemination: Foreground capable of industrial or commercial application must be protected taking into account legitimate interests. Prior notice of dissemination must be given to other participants (not to Commission, unless no protection, in which case the latter may request to protect on its own behalf). Any dissemination and patent applications must indicate the Community financial assistance. Access rights: Participants may define the background needed in any manner, and may exclude specific background. It is possible to grant exclusive licenses to foreground if the other participants waive their access rights. The Commission may object to exclusive licenses being granted to third parties established in non-associated third countries for ethical, competitiveness or security reasons (where appropriate, a requirement to notify the Commission will apply). Participants may agree to additional or more favourable access rights than those provided for in the Consortium agreement.
Based on past project experiences, the patent filing process need to be optimised especially for joined patents. A special effort will be taken by the project management to encourage the research oriented WPs and partners to protect the generated knowledge. It is planned to increase the awareness of the importance of IP protection at all levels of the project especially at the participating universities. The project will work on a process of simplifying the joined patenting between universities and industry partners. Here a close collaboration between the corresponding partners is needed. A Consortium agreement (CA) as agreed upon by the partners defines in detail rights and obligations with respect to the carrying out of the projects plan with specific regard to confidentiality and IPR handling. EUWB partners will respect the confidentiality of facts, information, knowledge, documents or other matters communicated to them as confidential. During the term of the project and for a period of three years thereafter, the partners will treat as confidential any information of whatsoever kind or nature and in whatever form in relation to the project which is designated as proprietary by the disclosing partner by an appropriate notice. Accordingly, each partner undertakes that the receiving partner shall not use any such information for any purpose other than in accordance with the terms of the EUWB contract and Consortium agreement for carrying out the project. In an article of its CA the EUWB partnership will agree on IPR provisions. Moreover, in general each partner will be bound by the terms and conditions of the Commission contractual rules. Key elements of such provisions, which will be detailed in legally binding wording in the mentioned documents, are: Know-how will be the property of the partner generating it; A partner will not publish know-how generated by another partner or any pre-existing know-how of such other partner without the other partners prior written approval; A partner will provide the other partners and the Commission with a prior notice of any planned publication of its know-how and may request their approval where necessary; If dissemination of know-how does not adversely affect its protection or use partners will ensure further dissemination of their own know-how.
Each partner will take appropriate measures to ensure that it can grant access rights for the execution of the project and for use, for which no costs shall be charged. New project partners will abide by the IPR strategy in a related Consortium agreement on project level. The basic approach is fair access to the IP rights generated to the benefit of all project partners and towards strong nondiscriminatory support to UWB-RT deployment in the products.
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B3.2.3 Management of Other Innovation-related Activities

EUWB can be regarded as the research, implementation and technology demonstration project of the UWB in ICT programme. Since the majority of exploitable innovations usually surface at this stage of research, the proper management of innovation is an important and continued subject throughout the EUWB. The EUWB management team will carefully assess innovations as to whether greater socio-economic benefits can be achieved through dissemination, i.e. through stimulation of continued research, or through industrial exploitation. Whereas in the area of systems concepts, spectrum access strategies and mechanisms providing connectivity between the various modes of UWB operation dissemination may provide the highest impact, algorithmic and technology related innovation are typical candidates for direct exploitation. In any case of innovation it will be checked to what extent both strategies can be pursued in parallel. The European paradox is not at last furthered by the sheer (economical) dimension of standardisation processes, which makes the market involvement of (spin-off) innovators extremely unlikely. However, UWB, due to its unique features, offers a real chance to explore alternative roads to the market which could increase the number of actors, the number of economically successful innovations and hence the socio-economic benefits of publicly funded research. The EUWB web page is planned to provide a section which attracts interested non-EUWB organisations to enter into discussion and potential agreements with EUWB in the joint exploitation of knowledge obtained in the project. A major dissemination element is the scientific and technological support of UWB regulation bodies in Europe and the co-operation with such authorities in other regions of the world. Work plans have been set up already and will be followed in the project execution. Particularly coexistence measurements supported or conducted by EUWB will substantiate theoretical investigations leading to an updated and more feasible European UWB regulation.
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B4 ETHICAL ISSUES
EUWB is aiming the development of innovative short range radio technology based on UWB techniques. The objectives of the project and the related approach will not include any trials and experiments related to the animals or human beans, or human embryos. The EUWB project is working on a new technology known as ultra-wideband technology. The key issue of the technology to be investigated would be very small radiation power level in large frequency domain spectral bands. Inherently to the applied technology electromagnetic radiation is spread in the frequency spectrum over several Gigahertz of bandwidth, minimising the frequency dependent SAR issue. The UWB technology is providing significant advantage over existing narrow band systems according to the set rules for spectrum masks and SAR issues inherent. Nevertheless, in the scope of the antenna designs activities an objective of minimising the SAR issues by dedicated antenna design will be still considered. The partners of the EUWB are confirming that activities of all partners comply with filled issues of associated ethical issues form. Due to its inherent wide frequency range the radio technology is well suited for precise ranging and thus can enable precise location tracking. This will be used in normal cases only up to distances of 3050 metres due to the very low power spectral density. However, in exceptional cases the technology can be also applied to detect living persons or animals in crashed buildings after earthquake for example. For this purpose an exceptional high output power must be used together with special antennas. One application, where the UWB technology is applied, but what is not considered in the project, is the so called through wall identification of living objects. This method is used by police operational forces to detect living person behind a wall. In this proposal the location capability of UWB will be used inside the public transport, inside the automotive environment and inside the home environment. The corresponding WPL will report any location tracking related project activity to the Management Board, where the DPM is at the same time the Ethical Issues Manager (EIM), which can set-up an Ethical Board within the project and which will invite also outside project evaluators for the evaluation of the ethical issues in particular. This is foreseen on request, but ones every year, during a full project meeting the EIM is providing an Ethical report in form of a presentation at the full project meeting. The Management Board will decide whether the Ethical Board will meet and in which form it will meet. Location tracking in the automotive environment is used only in-car and in close proximity. It is restricted to the specific car corresponding to a tag. The acquired location information is only processed locally in the in-car system. No communication takes place to any outside infrastructure or other cars. Therefore, personalised localisation is restricted by design to each users own vehicle. However, eavesdropping may be an issue, so all related application scenarios will be included in the EIM review.
Issue Privacy
Yes?
Reference
Does the proposal involve tracking the location or observation of people?
Section B1.1.4 and all subsequent YES sections in LDR-LT incl. application scenarios in WP8
Table 1616: Ethical issues.
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SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME THEME ICT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

Grant agreement for:

Collaborative Project, Large-scale integrating project Annex I Description of Work

Project acronym: Project full title: Grant agreement n:

v17 v29 v30

Grant agreement n: 215669

Progress Beyond the State-of-the-art ...............................................................................................18

S/T Methodology and Associated Work Plan ...................................................................................41

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

B2.1.1.2 B2.1.2 B2.1.3 B2.1.4 B2.1.5 B2.1.6 B2.1.7 B2.1.8 B2.1.9

Cluster Process .................................................................................................................120

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

B2.3.1 B2.3.2 B2.3.3 B2.4 B2.4.1 B2.4.2

B3.1.1.1 B3.1.1.2 B3.1.1.3 B3.1.2 B3.1.3 B3.1.4 B3.1.5 B3.2 B3.2.1

Plan for the Use and Dissemination of Foreground .......................................................................175

B3.2.1.1 B3.2.1.2 B3.2.2 B3.2.3

B4 Ethical Issues ...........................................................................................................................................185

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

Table 11: Financial summary (copied from form A3.2).

A1.2 Project Summary

Grant agreement n: 215669

Grant agreement n: 215669

A1.3 List of Beneficiaries

Participants organisation name

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

B1.1.1 Declaration of Collaboration Within the eMobility Technology Platform

B1.1.2 Cognitive UWB Radio and Coexistence

Grant agreement n: 215669

B1.1.3 Multiple Antenna UWB Systems

B1.1.4 UWB Enabled Advanced Localisation and Tracking

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

B1.1.5 UWB Multiband/Multimode Operation

B1.1.6 UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

B1.1.7 Open UWB Technology Platforms

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

B1.1.8 UWB in European Key Industry Application Areas

B1.1.9 European and Global Regulation and Standardisation

Approved by the Commission services on 2010-06-11

Grant agreement n: 215669

B1.1.10 Summary of Results

B1.2 Progress Beyond the State-of-the-art