Professional Documents
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Sipalay City Police Station Building New June 22
Sipalay City Police Station Building New June 22
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for CEPRJ242D
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
May 2023
PROJECT EVALUATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF SIPALAY CITY
POLICE STATION BUILDING, SIPALAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
May 2023
APPROVAL SHEET
Panelist Panelist
Date: Date:
Panelist
Date:
This thesis is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering.
Panelist Panelist
Date: Date:
Panelist
Date:
This thesis is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering.
for the countless individuals who have contributed to the completion of this thesis. Their
unwavering support, guidance, and love have been instrumental in shaping not only this
work but also our growth as soon-to-be professional individuals. This is our heartfelt
We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude for the accomplishment of our
would not be made possible without the guidance and help of these various individuals:
First and foremost, we would like to extend our deepest appreciation to UNO-R. It
is within the hallowed halls of this esteemed institution that we have received an
To the faculty members of the Civil Engineering Department, thank you for your
dedication and commitment to nurturing our minds. Your passion for teaching has ignited
a thirst for knowledge within us that will last a lifetime. Your profound insights and
To Engr. Stephen Ryan Sedel, for his unwavering support and providing us
knowledge and guidance in choosing for the topic to venture on which is beneficial for
the community.
To Engr. Michelle Mabelle Golez - Pulgan, for her willingness to take timeout
of her busy schedule to review our work and for her invaluable guidance and support
throughout the entire process and her patience, dedication and unwavering commitment.
We will be forever indebted to you. Your unwavering belief in our abilities and constant
encouragement have propelled us forward even during the most challenging moments.
Her profound knowledge, critical insights, and constructive feedback have greatly
To Engr. Frances Camille Quingco, for her enthusiastic cooperation and the
learnings that she imparted to all of us in order for our research to be successful.
To Engr. Elfred Jun Rosanegro, for sharing his expertise in terms of managing
the all throughout construction process of the Sipalay Police Station that helped us to
To Engr. Lorenz L. Dingcong, for his unending assistance to the whole process
of our research. The knowledge that he shared, guide us on how to accomplish the
To Engr. Erl Julen Tulod, your invaluable feedback and constructive criticism
have sharpened our thinking and transformed our work into something we can be proud
of. Your mentorship has been transformative, and we will be forever grateful.
To our dearest friends and families, you have been our unwavering pillars of
support throughout this entire journey. Your belief in us when doubt crept in has been a
source of strength and motivation. You have provided a listening ear, offered words of
wisdom, and shared in both our triumphs and setbacks. Your unwavering love and
understanding have sustained us during the long nights of research and writing. We are
team. Our collective efforts, late-night brainstorming sessions, and shared enthusiasm
have made this experience both enjoyable and rewarding. Your unique perspectives and
diverse expertise have enriched the depth and breadth of this thesis. Together, we have
overcome challenges and celebrated milestones, forging memories that will forever be
etched in my heart.
We would like to extend our deepest appreciation also to all those who have
And last but not the least, to our Almighty God, for His constant provision of
wisdom, resources, strength and safety during the execution and completion of this study.
Thus, we give back all the glory, praises and thanks to Him.
the unwavering support, guidance, and love of those around us. We are humbled and
forever grateful for the profound impact each of you has had on our life. This work stands
as a reflection of our collective dedication, passion, and pursuit of knowledge. Thank you
Sipalay had a population of 72,448 people. Due to the growing population and
prominence of Sipalay City, security and order must be established within the city. As a
response, the Philippine National Police took its part by constructing a new Police Station
Building beside the Sipalay City New Government Center and will serve as a second
satellite precinct to the city to maximize peace and order in the society.
This project evaluation was to assess the construction of the Sipalay City Police
Station Building in Sipalay City, Negros Occidental. The study aims to address the
and manpower on construction flow and other aspects that the construction has faced.
In addition, to evaluate the said project effectively, the evaluators visited the
structure to have a short inspection and to personally see the building condition as well.
Furthermore, cost estimate will be done by the evaluators to establish the approximate
cost of the project to evaluate its cost- effectiveness and guarantee financial resources
have been utilized properly during the construction process. The quantity takeoff
strategies and procedures used in the estimation process were drawn from the book
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET..................................................................................................... i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.............................................................................................iii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS...............................................................................................vii
LIST OF TABLES..........................................................................................................ix
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Definition of terms.....................................................................................4
Introduction.............................................................................................. 7
History.......................................................................................................8
Types of Structure..................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
Introduction................................................................................................ 16
Site Condition..............................................................................................16
Construction Methodology..........................................................................17
Cost Estimate......................................................................................... 25
Time Estimate.........................................................................................35
Manpower............................................................................................. 43
Equipment............................................................................................. 44
Introduction............................................................................................ 47
Quantity Takeoff..................................................................................... 53
RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendations................................................................................ 171
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................173
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS................................................................................182
PHILIPPINES
POLICE STATION
EXCAVATION
TABLE 4.3.3 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM B.5 (PROJECT BILLBOARD /
SIGN BOARD)
TABLE 4.3.5 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM B.9 (MOBILIZATION AND
DEMOBILIZATION)
TABLE 4.3.6 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 100.1 (CLEARING AND
GRUBBING)
EXCAVATION)
TABLE 4.3.8 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 804(1)a (EMBANKMENT FROM
STRUCTURE EXCAVATION)
TABLE 4.3.10 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 804(4) (GRAVEL FILL)
TABLE 4.3.11 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 900(1) c1 (STRUCTURAL
CONCRETE)
TABLE 4.3.13 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 902(1)a (REINFORCING STEEL,
GRADE 40)
TABLE 4.3.14 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 903(2) (FORMWORKS AND
FALSEWORK)
TABLE 4.3.15 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1000(1) (SOIL POISONING)
TABLE 4.3.16 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1046(2)a1 (100 mm CHB NON-
LOAD BEARING)
TABLE 4.3.17 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1046(2)a2 (150 mm CHB NON-
TABLE 4.3.18 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1010(4) (WOODEN DOORS AND
WINDOWS)
TABLE 4.3.19 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1006(6) (STEEL DOORS AND
FRAMES)
TABLE 4.3.20 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1008(2) (ALUMINUM GLASS
WINDOW)
TABLE 4.3.21 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1018(2) (UNGLAZED TILES)
TABLE 4.3.22 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1027(1) (CEMENT PLASTER
FINISH)
TABLE 4.3.23 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 10018(5) (GLAZED TILES)
TABLE 4.3.24 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1016(1)a (CEMENT BASED
WATERPROOFING)
HARDWARE)
HANDRAILS)
TABLE 4.3.27 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1003(1)e1 (GYMPSUM BOARD
STEEL)
TABLE 4.3.29 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1003(17) (CARPENTRY AND
JOINERY)
CONCRETE PAINTING)
TABLE 4.3.31 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1032(1)b (WOOD PAINTING)
TABLE 4.3. 32 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1032(1)c (METAL PAINTING)
TABLE 4.3.33 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1201(1) (WATER PUMPING
SYSTEM)
TABLE 4.3.34 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1202(1) (AUTOMATIC FIRE
SPRINKLERS)
TABLE 4.3.35 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1726(2) (GENERATOR SET)
TABLE 4.3.36 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1200(3)a (AIR CONDITIONING
SYSTEM)
TABLE 4.3.37 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1001(8) (SEWER LINE WORKS)
TABLE 4.3.38 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1002(24) (COLD WATERLINE
WORKS)
TABLE 4.3.39 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1001(9) (DOWNSPOUT/ STORM
DRAIN)
PLUMBING FIXTURES)
TABLE 4.3.41 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1001(5)b (CATCH BASIN)
TABLE 4.3.42 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1001(11) (SEPTIC VAULT)
TABLE 4.3.43 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1100(10) (CONDUITS, BOXES,
FITTINGS)
TABLE 4.3.44 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1101(3) (WIRES AND WIRING
DEVICE)
TABLE 4.3.45 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1102(1) (POWER LOAD
TABLE 4.3.48 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1208(1) (FIRE ALARM
SYSTEM)
TABLE 4.3.49 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1105(20) (NETWORK CABLING
INTRODUCTION
People do not feel safe due to the prevalence of crime in the nation, region, and
province. To solve this problem, the government aims for the convenience of the people
to access the police station and for the police personnel to respond to requests from
people as soon as possible during emergencies. The police service commonly falls under
the category of emergency services for society. In light of this, police stations are founded
for the administration of the police service to ensure the safety and security of a society's
national road from Bacolod to Hinobaan, the distance between the city and the provincial
capital is approximately 178 kilometers or three to four hours. In 2020, Sipalay had a
population of 72,448 people. Due to the growing population and prominence of Sipalay
City, security and order must be well established within the city.
National Police (PNP) added a second satellite precinct to the city that will keep the city
quiet and encourage residents to go out and see the beauty of the city without worrying
about their safety. The newly constructed Sipalay PNP station is next to the new Sipalay
Sipalay or any other city official and any citizen can quickly request the presence or the
assistance of the PNP for help in planning or starting whatever steps are needed to protect
anyone or anything that could cause them or the city harm. This project will make
Sipalay City the third municipality in Negros Occidental to have a standard city police
station building. The project was unveiled to the public on December 15, 2022. The
Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) was responsible for the project's
The scope of any construction project evolves throughout its duration. Change is a
necessary due to, among other things, changing site conditions and material availability,
DPWH adjustments, value engineering, and the impact on third parties. Typically, a
change must be implemented in the field and documented to demonstrate what was
constructed. So, the PNP often needs a final record to show all changes and, more
specifically, any changes to the structure from the original plan that affect the parts of the
finished work that are viable. Contract documentation exists, typically but not
exclusively, in the design drawings. As-built drawings, or "as-builts," result from this
they can alter the nature of the work and potentially increase the cost of the project that
could have been used for other projects or humanitarian needs. The group consequently
proposed evaluating the three-story police station in Sipalay City, Negros Occidental. The
methodology, manpower, materials, time frame, and liquidity in order to reduce and
The on-time completion of the project proves the effectiveness of all project
unanticipated elements that can originate from several sources. Construction delays are
the time lag between the conclusion of activities and the contract-specified completion
date. Construction project delays have an impact on the owner, contractors, and
consultants. Consequently, the objective of this project evaluation was to assess instances
that occurred during the construction of the Sipalay City Police Station Building in
Sipalay City, Negros Occidental. In addition, the evaluators seek answers to the
subsequent questions:
3. How much of an impact did the force majeure have on the construction and its
progress?
The objective of this study will focus on the assessment and project evaluation of
location.
construction flow.
3. To identify the effect of the force majeure on the project of the
The project evaluation focuses on the construction of the Sipalay City Police
Station, specifically the methodology, project schedule, bill of materials, and bill of the
project. The evaluation will be conducted in the presence of a professional civil engineer
The study will mainly deal with civil engineering aspects limited to the
evaluation of the constructed Sipalay City Police Station Building in Sipalay City, Negros
Occidental, specifically on the cost estimates of the as-built plan, its methodology, and
Definition of terms
Calendar Day. A period of twenty-four (24) hours extended from midnight, including all
Contract. Agreement between a client who wants construction done and a general
contractor. This type of contract details the Contractor's scope of work, including their
right to subcontract any work, how and what they will charge for the work, and any
association, or syndicate whose bid has been accepted by the Owner, including the
1999).
Contract Time Extension. A formal request for additional time that can make up for
delay losses. It is granted for valid reasons such as ongoing legal disputes, delays in the
delivery of goods, changes to the scope of work, and unexpected weather conditions.
Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH). Mandated to undertake (a) the
planning of infrastructure, such as national roads and bridges, flood control, water
resources projects, and other public works, and (b) the design, construction, and
maintenance of national roads and bridges and effective flood control systems.
End User. An individual or entity that will use the building permanently or long-term.
practitioners through the different steps involved in the whole procurement process under
RA 9184 and its IRR considering local governments' distinct structure and systems.
National Building Code of the Philippines. As the foundation guidelines for architects,
builders, developers, and engineers in designing and constructing any safe and secure
Philippines. It is both a national and a local police force, providing all law enforcement
Original Contract Time. The stipulated time within which the Contractor shall complete
Owner. It could be either a public or private person. Public if the project is owned by the
Republic of the Philippines, represented by for National Project and the Mayor of the
Municipality or Governor for the Provincial project, as the case may be (Fajardo, 1999).
Specifications. The description in detail of the works to be executed, the character and
quality of materials and quality, and individual responsibility of the Contractor are
Introduction
Public security is one of the critical services major cities provide and is an
security system is built around the police station. Its main job is to prevent public security
incidents from happening, spreading, and keeping society stable. At the same time, police
stations have primary responsibilities, and the police officers involved perform multiple
In the future, all law enforcement agencies will be required to plan, design, and construct
facility construction project to make informed judgments and direct the project so that the
building meets the operational and cultural requirements of the agency. Frequently,
agencies find that the reverse occurs, and they must later alter their operations and staff
demands to match the capacity and design of the building. Since the usable life of a
police building might range from 20 to over 50 years, most law enforcement executives
institution's design, budget, purpose, and longevity. During the planning phases, the
project team has the most potential to change or define the building's philosophy, size,
and design with the least negligible cost impact. It is crucial to do this at the earliest
stages, as options for adjustment grow more restricted and expensive as the project
progresses. Changes made
during construction are the costliest and can significantly delay a project. Effective
planning for a new or refurbished law enforcement facility is the most cost-efficient
(DILG) and the PNP, is renovating old and worn-out police stations across the country. A
typical municipal police station should, according to the specifications, have a building
defense, a receiving area, a large conference room, comfort rooms, holding cells and
enough offices for the staff. By increasing the PNP's presence in the Local Government
Units (LGUs), the project seeks to improve the delivery of the PNP's required functions
and services. It also intends to enhance the PNP's operating efficiency in Sipalay City.
The lovely location of Sipalay may be unfamiliar to many, but to its residents, it is
a hidden gem that emanates unspoiled beauty. Sipalay is a tiny town that has kept its
bucolic qualities and is rich in history from an unspecified historical period. As it leaves
metropolitan sensibilities to its nearby cities, this charming location naturally mixes its
culture and beauty to attract travelers. This hidden gem offers a unique nature vacation
with its rustic beaches and small islets surrounded by green waters. Sipalay in Negros
Occidental has transformed from a former mining town into a popular tourist destination.
The transition from sugar and copper mining to tourism has highlighted Sipalay's best
features: rustic but clean beaches, 60 caves awaiting exploration, Negrense cuisine, and
station is required to protect both locals and visitors. By patrolling the region, police
officers can
ensure the community's safety and prevent crime. It prevents the theft and vandalization
of automobiles and property by placing police booths in congested areas like parking lots.
In the event of a crime, it conducts an investigation and brings the perpetrators to justice.
It aids the local populace in an accident or natural disaster. It ensures that traffic laws are
followed to keep accidents to a minimum. Residents view the police station as a sign of
The groundbreaking ceremony for the Sipalay City Police Station in Sipalay City,
Negros Occidental, occurred on March 25, 2021. The DPWH will cover the
P29,305,446.25 cost of the project. During the groundbreaking, it was announced that
construction would begin immediately and be completed before December 2021. With
this improvement, the police officers' morale and motivation to work harder would
increase. Moreover, it was stated that the new location is strategic and has reassured the
However, the construction project was delayed due to the halt, which resulted in
cost increase. On December 12, 2022, the Sipalay City Police Station Building was
officially inaugurated. After over a year, the structure was completed on a property
granted by the municipal government in Barangay Gil Montilla behind the municipal
hall. A standard city police station is equipped with a building defense system, a
reception area, a large conference room, restrooms, and sufficient office space, according
to the standards. The city police department has moved into the fully furnished structure.
The local administration will repurpose their former office space for use by a backup
station..
Definition and Etymology
In the 1530s, according to the Online Etymology Dictionary (2021), police was
referred to as "the regulation and control of a community"; from Middle French police,
and from Greek polis "city." Until the middle of the 1800s, it was utilized in England for
a community" (1716) originated from French and was initially associated with France or
other foreign countries in English. By 1800, the expression "a coordinated civil force for
maintaining order, preventing and detecting crime, etc." meant "an ordered civil force for
maintaining order, preventing and detecting crime, etc." The first organization in
England, the Marine Police, was founded in 1798 to protect cargo at the Port of London.
Moreover, Online Etymology (2017) states that a station is a "place which one ordinarily
occupies." The term dates back to late 13c., from Old French station, estacion, "site,
location; station of the Cross; stop, standstill," from Latin station (nominative statio), "a
standing, standing firm; a post, job, position; military post; a watch, guard, sentinel;
anchorage, port" The sense of "fixed uniform distance in surveying" dates back to the
1570s. The meaning "status, rank" dates to circa 1600. The sense of "military post" in
Types of Structure
Nature of Occupancy
GROUP D
(INSTITUTIONAL
)
Mental hospitals, mental
DIVISION D-1
sanatoriums, jails, prisons,
restricted.
type. On Table 103-1, the Occupancy Category under the Nature of Occupancy in
lateral drifts, vibrations, and other deformations that harm other vertical
analysis must produce a complete load path that carries all loads and
forces from their source to the load-resisting elements. The analysis must
must be designed with adequate safety Factor of Safety (FOS) to resist the
overturning effects induced by the lateral forces specified.
(5) Section 104.4. Foundation Investigation. Soil explorations shall be
required for buildings, towers, and other vertical structures falling under
Categories I, II, III, and IV under Table 103-1, as required by the building
necessary.
Advantages. The new Sipalay City Police Station is accessible to the Sipalaynons
with transactions from the New Government Center that require immediate assistance
from the Sipalay PNP Station because it is located next to the New Government Center.
The new standard design of the police station is efficiently planned and built to improve
deterrent for any criminal elements, knowing that there is a police establishment in the
community of Sipalay. It also promotes good relationships between the Sipalay PNP and
quite distant from Sipalay City proper. There may be inefficiency in dispatching units if
criminal situations necessitate an immediate response. Due to its location at the rear of
the New Government Center, individuals who may require the services of the Sipalay
Police may be misdirected for a while. The road leading to the police station still requires
METHODOLOGY
This chapter will discuss the methodologies used in building the Sipalay City
Introduction
City, Negros Occidental. The PNP provided the structural plan to the DPWH, which was
responsible for the construction. The overall cost of this project was projected to be, at
most, P32,000,000.
Site Condition
The project currently exists in Sipalay City, 175 kilometers from the Negros
Occidental Capitol in Bacolod City. Other government facilities, such as the New
Government Center of Sipalay City, public schools, and so forth, surround this project,
which has a total area of 1938 square meters and a floor area of 1066.5 square meters.
Construction Methodology
services, the contract's requirements will be met. The program for the tendering
procedure will serve as the basis for the schedule for the stage 1 activities plan, which
will be submitted for the first time after the contract award. The required documents for
preliminary list of contractors will be compiled and used to solicit bids. However, the
contractor list will be thoroughly evaluated once the contract is awarded. The bill of
quantities will define the contractors' work scope. The bill of quantities will provide
financial control reporting based on the spreadsheet's information. This will also reveal
the contractor's task allocation. The terms and conditions of the primary contract with the
client will be included in a standard contract drafted for the project's specific work. A
standard contract form will specify the facilities, services, temporary works, plant, and
equipment supplied to the contractor. A standard contract form will specify the amenities,
goods and services, temporary works, plant, and equipment supplied to the contractor.
the permanent works equipment, materials, and services, such as the materials supply
from a local or international company, which must be under the prime cost, which will be
determined during the project, or a subcontracted work where the subcontractor will
provide the equipment, materials, and labor for the permanent works.
4) Material quality control methodology. Samples will be provided where applicable to
establish the requisite standard for the supplied materials. These will be stored on-site
and cited as the submission. Both the client and the consultant are permitted to inspect
these materials. In order to ensure conformity with the standards and approvals, the
quality control personnel inspect the products upon reception. These tasks must be
5) Methodology for coordination with the contractor. A dial-up internet connection will
facilitate rapid and efficient data transmission between the site and the business. The
contractor will receive instructions and close attention to coordinate the task. Throughout
the project, regular meetings and activities will be organized to coordinate their work
i. Engineering:
2. Technical clarification
ii. Planning:
iii. Procurement:
1. Sourcing and submission of subcontractors
i. Per the contract requirements, the project manager will liaise with
the head office to ensure that the site office will complete all the
1. Personnel and equipment. Detailed personnel and histogram will be created for the
project duration based on the project schedule. According to the histogram, the support
services department will analyze, coordinate, and make any necessary provisions for
personnel availability.
2. Lifting equipment. According to the approved site specifications, a lifting apparatus will
be available for lifting materials, equipment, falsework, and formwork. To ensure the
structures will be installed on-site for the Contractor's use in a location approved by the
2. Carpentry shop
5. Covered storage
equipment, the site's features and ground levels will be precisely mapped to create a 2D
or 3D representation of the site. The survey data will provide information for planning
commissioning. In order to allow a smooth transition of the site to the client on time, the
Upon awarding the contract and the notice to proceed, the Contractor will commence the
project following the client's requirements. The client or consultant will be informed of
1. Site clearance works and excavation for the foundation will be done with
2. Pile head treatment will follow excavation, and the completion of binding
concrete.
forms will be carried out as solid block work ready for the application of
waterproofing.
protect the cement and sand screed before construction activities for the
raft slab.
specifications.
10. Formworks will be suitably braced to ensure proper level and alignment
11. Tie rods and supports will be provided to ensure proper alignment and
12. A lifting equipment will be used for the lifting of the materials. It will be
13. Concrete pumps will carry out the concrete work if necessary.
15. On completion of the concrete work for some floors, the block work and
screed work will proceed. Tiling will then proceed and will be protected
16. Building finishes will be applied, and work will also proceed linearly over
17. Wet finishes on half of the block will be completed before dry finishes start.
18. Dry finishes will then proceed, along with priming for paint if necessary.
19. The curtain wall will start from the bottom to the top. Upon completion of
half of the concrete structure for the building, fixing curtain walls will
start.
20. The second fixation of electromechanical work will come after the
22. Painting will be completed except for the last coat, which will follow the
8. Hollow Block Work Methodology. Material types, finish quality, and other
crucial factors must be tailored specifically for block construction. After the formwork
9. Plastering Methodology. Before the plastering begins, it will be ensured that the
blockwork has been completed correctly. The plaster will fill and treat all cracks and
cavities in the blockwork. Before plastering on all areas, trial panel work areas will be
10. Ceramic Tiles and Fixing Methods. The consultant will assess and approve the
waterproofing of the floor before starting the tiling. The pattern of tiling will be identified
and marked explicitly. To ensure that the delivered tiles meet all specifications, the
11. Painting Methodology. Before painting can commence, the paint system and
materials must be examined and approved. A trial will take place in a specific location
with expert
approval. Before commencing the application, all surfaces must be arid, and the area
12. Aluminum Work Methodology. The approved contractor must perform the
work, as the materials and a specific statement will be drafted. The materials delivered
on-site will be protected from damage, and the damaged materials will be labeled and
separated. It will all be carried out per the plan's specifications and clarifications.
13. Suspended Ceiling Methodology. The contractor who has been approved will
execute the methods specified in the contract specification and drawing. The consultant
must approve both the on-site materials and the suspended system. The M.E.P. designer
will create the reflected ceiling plan layout and coordinate mechanical and electrical
drawings. There will be support for all light fixtures and diffusers. The system will be
According to the approved shop drawings, the installation elevation of the supported
14. External Works and Construction Methodology. The external structures will
per lock, and paving for footpaths would follow. The method statement for the external
the subbase
Cost Estimate
Review the project plans and specifications. Examine the plans and
specifications for the undertaking. There is no substitute for plans and specifications that
are well-prepared. Every element and component of the design must be accurately and
and casts doubt in the Contractor's mind, typically resulting in a higher bid.
takeoff is another vital stage in the construction cost estimation. A construction takeoff
determines the material required for a construction project. Software or manual tools may
better understand the direct expenses of the building project, which are costs related to
construction items such as materials, labor, and supplies. Direct cost calculation might be
possible is vital.
Determining labor and material costs. The unit rate approach is the most exact,
yet it is time-consuming and requires excellent detail. The square footage approach is
another option. It entails determining the construction cost by multiplying the structure's
square footage or covered area by the cost per square footage rate set through experience.
This method must be more accurate and only used for basic construction projects or
structure cost estimates. Aside from the material cost, the labor cost accounts for around
40 to 50% of the total cost. Many factors influence labor costs, including the type of
building activity, its complexity or nature, the required knowledge and experience, and
Add a percentage for material waste. Be realistic when estimating the cost of
the material in terms of taking waste in construction materials into account. It is only
partially avoidable, no matter how successful the site manager's waste-reduction methods
Earthworks. Determine the total area to be excavated. Consider the extra space
on all sides as a working space for workers. Multiply the entire volume of the area to be
excavated by the price per cubic meter of the excavated area, which varies depending on
the price range of the work team per excavation category. This will determine the final
cost of site work. Determine the total volume of surplus excavated materials and include
the cost per cubic meter to be added to the overall cost of site work in removing
economic soil.
Concreting Works. The steps for the volume method of cement, sand, and gravel
for foundations, wall foundations, beams, columns, and slabs are the following:
1. Calculate the total volume of each planned cement, sand, and gravel
element, including the foundation, wall footing, beams, columns, and slabs.
To calculate the overall cost of a bag of cement, multiply the values for
4. To calculate the overall cost of sand, gravel, and cement, multiply the total
quantity of sand and gravel in cubic meters and the quantity of cement in 40-
kilogram bags by their respective cost per unit as stated by the supplier price list.
Masonry Works. Masonry work includes the cost of labor crews laying the
masonry units and installing accessories such as horizontal ladder reinforcing and wall
ties. The prices of masonry units and accessories can vary greatly depending on
requirements. Masonry specifications will generally spell out the precise types of bricks,
blocks, and accessories required to be used in work, and the estimator, as usual, will
endeavor to obtain firm prices for the supply of materials to meet these specifications.
1. Classify the surface texture. Use table 10-6 from Max Fajardo's book on
water combination, divide the computed area by the surface texture's matching
ii. For each quart of neutralizer, use two and a half gallons of water.
The number of quarts of neutralizer in each area will be determined using this
conversion. 54
computed area by the kind of paint covering area, utilizing table 10-6.
ii. To get the total gallons needed, multiply the previous value by the
5. Paint thinner
i. For every gallon of paint used, use half a liter of thinner. This
computed area by the kind of paint covering area, utilizing table 10-6.
ii. To get the total gallons needed, multiply the previous value by the
i) To determine the total cost of paint, multiply the total number of gallons of
each variety of paint used on the entire structure by the per-gallon price
Tile Works. The following steps are derived from the third edition of Simplified
Construction Estimate by Max B. Fajardo Jr. in order to estimate the cost of the
1. Solve for the wall area and refer to Table 7-1 to identify the total quantity
of wall tiles.
2. Solve for the total floor area and refer to Table 7-1 to identify the total
quantity of floor tiles. 3. Add the total area of the wall and floor and refer to the
table along with the Portland cement mortar and filler multiplier.
4. The total price can be calculated by multiplying the quantity of tiles and cement
Reinforcement
Main Reinforcements. The following steps are for the cost estimates of columns,
1. Determine the length of the main reinforcements and adjust for the bend,
4. Determine the total cost of the main reinforcements based on the supplier
Steel Reinforcements for Columns and Footing. The succeeding steps are for
the cost estimates of steel reinforcements in columns and footings by the direct method:
1. Determine the net length for each cut of reinforcing bar and adjust for the
2. Determine the total number of cut reinforcing bars per column footing.
3. Solve for the quotient of the available economical length and the cut length.
Tie Wire. The following steps are for the cost estimate of tire wire for columns,
beams, footings, and slabs. Determine the approach either by area method or direct
counting method and utilize the tables from Simplified Construction Estimate by Max
Fajardo:
element depending on the conditions needed for the table, either by the area
2. For CHB wall, refer to Table 3-6 for No. 16 G.I. tie wire for CHB.
length per square meter, multiply the determined factors in kilograms per square
3. For slabs, refer to Table 3-11 for the quantity of tire wire in a one-way
reinforced concrete slab in kilograms per square meter, and with the bar spacing
Cement Mortar and White Cement. The steps for calculating cement mortar
and white cement are as follows: Filler in the planned health center utilizing the area
girders for the planned health facility using the approach from Max Fajardo's book are as
follows: The planned construction would exclusively use plywood as forms to design
1. Find the lateral perimeter of the columns, beam, or girder using the
formulas below.
3. Divide the total by 2.88 to get the total units of plywood forms required.
5. To calculate the overall cost of formwork, multiply the total board foot of
plywood needed for f by the cost per unit supplied by the supplier price list.
Doors and windows The steps for calculating cement mortar and white cement
are as follows:
1. Paneled doors
5. Frameless doors
6. Jalousie windows
ii. The supplier and/or installer will provide a pricing list per square
foot or per set of all custom-made or standard doors and windows, based
iii. Determine the total number of units per type of window, door, and
accessory and multiply it by the respective unit cost and installation fees
iv. Calculate the overall cost for door and window work.
Compute the indirect cost. Indirect costs can be computed in addition to direct
costs and included in the building cost estimate. Indirect costs are also known as "project
overhead" by certain professionals and might include insurance fees, salaries, rent, and
other expenditures associated with business operations and upkeep. These expenses are
significant because they account for a considerable amount of the entire cost of a project.
1. Heavy equipment costs. Detailed cost estimates must include the
cost of heavy specialized equipment, which, like material and labor, falls under
the category of direct expenses. Prepare a list of the various types of construction
equipment required for each phase. There are two parts of the equipment costs
that must be considered. The first, and most significant, element is the expense of
for the hand tools. Equipment expenditures must be estimated separately for
general use and specialty products. Forklifts, pumps, cranes, and air compressors
are among the common goods shared by all subcontractors on the job site.
depreciation, taxes, and insurance may be factored into the estimates. However, if
the contractor wishes to acquire new equipment, the first finance charges will also
be included. Storage, fuel, and lubricant costs are included in operating and repair
costs. The frequency of use determines whether the contractor should rent
equipment or purchase new equipment. When renting equipment, the rental cost
3. Include profit margins. The profit margin is the amount left over
after deducting project costs and overhead. This money might be used to
compensate staff, reinvest in business growth, or save some for future losses.
4. Project Exclusions and Inclusions. The bid and estimate must be
specific in terms of the services given as well as the exclusions. To make it easy
for the general contractor to grasp, use the same language as the specifications
and drawings. A list of inclusions and exclusions will not only eliminate
confusion but also avert future disputes. This list will also aid in determining
whether all of the main aspects of the scope have been addressed and nothing
major has been overlooked. This list is critical in the event of lump-sum bid offers
Time Estimate
(CPM). The critical route method is a technique for identifying actions that are required
for project completion. In project management, the critical path is the longest series of
operations that must be completed on time in order to complete the entire project. The
processes for locating the critical path for your future project are outlined below.
required to produce the deliverables using a work breakdown structure. The work
breakdown structure's list of activities serves as the foundation for the rest of the
PERT-CPM.
based on the work breakdown structure. This will also assist in identifying any
1. Task B is dependent on A
2. Task C is dependent on B
converted into a network diagram, which is a flowchart that shows the sequence
of tasks. Make a box for each task and use arrows to show how they are related.
Keep adding time-bound components to the network diagram until the overall
longest series of critical tasks, first assess the time of each activity.
educated assumptions
finish (EF) dates by starting with a previously given date. The highest EF
calculation begins with 0 at the first activity's ES and works its way
EF= ES + t (1)
LS= LF - t (2)
where:
EF - Early Finish
LS - Late Start
ES - Early Start
LF - Late Finish
t - time or duration
(LS) and late finish (LF). LS equals LF - duration, whereas LF equals the
the most recently planned activity and works its way back through the
entire schedule.
𝐿𝑆= 𝐿𝐹 − 𝑡 (3)
(4)
where:
t- time or duration
manually; however, a critical path algorithm can save time. Here are the steps to
1. Next to each activity, write down the start and end times. The first
activity has a start time of 0 and an end time equal to the activity's
activity's end time, and the end time is the start time plus the
3. The crucial path is the series of actions with the longest time
6. Calculate the Float. The amount of flexibility afforded by a
the task can be delayed without affecting subsequent tasks or the project's
completion date.
Finding the float is useful for determining how flexible the project is. Float is a
Critical tasks have zero float, indicating that their deadlines are fixed. Positive
float- number tasks are on the non-critical path, which means they can be delayed
Total float. The amount of time an activity can be delayed from the
early start date without delaying the project's completion date or violating
a schedule restriction.
affecting the next activity. Only when two or more activities share a
The project team should validate that the scope baseline covers the
it did for creating WBS work packages. The final schedule must be one
that is both effective and efficient. Too many activities might be just as
activity. Except for the first and last, every activity has a predecessor and a
four types:
1. Finish to Start - The successor activity cannot begin until
The first and second relationships are the most commonly used.
estimating methodologies are all used. Skills, abilities, and technology are
addressed. Make sure that response plans and schedule contingencies are
activity that has no resources or scope and is used to offer extra time and
applied. Examine and approve the timetable. The schedule baseline is the
construction project into smaller, more manageable tasks. Each work is then
evaluated to determine the amount of labor, expertise, and time required. This
workforce allocation.
can allocate the appropriate labor resources to important tasks by determining the
people with specific skills and qualifications. Conducting a skill inventory study
entails defining the necessary abilities for each project job or role and matching
them with the available workforce. This study helps to guarantee that skilled
workforce demands, this strategy takes into account aspects such as project scope,
provides a starting point for assessing the current resources and identifying any
specifications, and schedules to determine the specific equipment needs for each
construction activity. Consider factors such as the nature of the work, project
duration, site conditions, and any special equipment requirements. This analysis
helps in identifying the types of equipment needed and their respective quantities.
estimated productivity rates for each activity, forecast the expected utilization of
heavy equipment.
Chapter 4
This section consists of detailed unit cost analysis, bill of quantities (BOQ) of the As-
built Plan, work breakdown schedule (WBS), PERT-CPM, Gantt Chart and S-Curve.
Cost Estimates
The purpose of cost estimation is to establish the approximate cost of the project to
evaluate its cost-effectiveness and guarantee financial resources should the proposal be
approved. One of the primary objectives of the project study is to compare the original contract
price to the revised project estimate price to evaluate the project cost.
Quantity takeoffs are sometimes a part of the decision-making process in the construction
industry. "Simplified Construction Estimates" by Max Fajardo contains the methodology used to
calculate the quantity takeoff. In the bill of quantities, unit prices are assigned to each facility
component and duty. After this section, engineering professionals can calculate the total and unit
costs of all structural materials. Included in the unit cost analysis are both direct and indirect
costs. Direct costs include materials, labor, and equipment, while indirect costs include
administration, contingency, other expenses, and profit. Each material unit cost analysis
FB1
F1
F2
F3
Stair
Ftg.
Gener
ator
Pad
883.93
COMPUTATIONS:
@ TB
@ FB1
@F2
@F3
@ Stair Ftg.
@ Generator Pad
TOTAL VOLUME:
V= 883.93 cu.m
A= W x L
465.6
SAY 0.05
COMPUTATIONS:
A= 29.10 x 16.00
A= 465.60
Table 4.1.1 Bill of Quantities of the As-built Plan of Sipalay City Police Station
COST (Php)
(Php)
(Rental Basis)
Disinfection)
ilization
PARTIII-A
Embankment from
28 Days)
Class A @ 28 Days
Grade 40
Falseworks
Steel)
Reinforcing
Steel)
1010(4) Wooden Doors and 1.00 l.s. 81,840.00 81,840.00
Windows
Windows
Waterproofing
etc.)
Locker Installation)
Painting
Type)
Fittings
PARTIII-F
(CCTV),Telephone and
Data
30,074,686.55
4.1 EVALUATOR’S QUANTITY TAKE-OFF
ITEM
NO.
Grubbing
TOTAL: 465.6
TOTAL: 940.356
EXCAVATION
Embankment
(Backfilling and R
Compaction)
TOTAL 883.92775
TABLE 4.2.4 QUANTITY TAKEOFF FROM COMMON BORROW BY EQUIPMENT
Embankment
by Equipment
(Earthfill)
1.5 10 11 0.6 99
397.91
- 56.43
TOTAL: 341.48
TABLE 4.2.5 QUANTITY TAKEOFF FOR GRAVEL FILL
Bed
TOTAL: 113.8219
TABLE 4.2.6 QUANTITY TAKEOFF FOR CONCRETE WORKS
days)
173.3764 260.89
Slab on DESCRIPTION NUMBER LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH VOLUME
47.5785
61.027 760.77
Column DESCRIPTION NUMBER LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH VOLUME FORMS
(m) (m) (m) (cu.m.) (sq.m.)
30.132 401.76
Beam DESCRIPTION NUMBER LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH VOLUME FORM
(sq.m.)
51.207 575.76
2.56 3.94
12.8845 106.16
Generator FORMS
DESCRIPTION NUMBER LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH VOLUME
31.25
TABLE 4.2.8 QUANTITY TAKEOFF FOR MASONRY WORKS
WORKS
Reinforcing Steel)
3 2.25 6.75
817.64
ITEM NO.
Reinforcing Steel)
1069.15
Finish
Cement
1407.01 sq.m. 1016(1)a
Based
Waterproof
ing
0.906 6 5.71
1918.28
3 2.25 7.09
1056.59
Area
4.5 12 54
1.2 4 4.8
9 1.59 14.27
350.42
Ceiling onMetal
Frame
LENGTH HEIGHT AREA
Interior DESCRIPTION D&W
(m) (m) (sq.m.)
1812.33
3 2.25 6.75
726.1
2 9 14.5 261
2 9 14.5 261
709.02
WORKS
Tiles
9 10.5 94.5
9 1.5 13.5
671.6
DESCRIPTION Area NUMBER LENGTH WIDTH AREA
9 1.5 13.5
382.1
37.96
T&B DESCRIPTION Area NUMBER LENGTH WIDTH AREA
2 1.5 3
2 0.9 1.8
4.5 4 18
1.5 2 3
2 1.5 3
264.34
TABLE 4.2.12 QUANTITY TAKEOFF FOR REINFORCEMENT
CEMENT
Reinforcing
Steel,
(12mm dia
and below)
F3 1 3 25 33 99 381.15
Main
Gr.-2nd
C1 22 7 16 8 1355.2 2141.22
C2 12 7 16 10 924 1459.92
Ties
ROOF Main
DECK 2nd-
Ties
Ties
C1 1 2.4 10 25 60 37.02
C2 1 2.4 10 25 60 37.02
Main
2nd
Floor
Stirrups
LB 2 1 10 30 60 37.02
1 1 10 23 23 14.19
1 1 10 66 66 40.72
MAIN ROOF
DECK
D3 2 2 12 2 8 7.11
W2 5 2.5 12 2 25 22.23
2 0.9 10 10 18 11.11
2
1 1.574 10 931 1611.9 994.56
LENGTH (kgs)
(m) (mm) OF BAR
LENGTH (kgs)
(m) (mm) OF BAR
1.5 16 8 12 18.96
57295.6
8
TABLE 4.2.13 QUANTITY TAKEOFF FOR SOIL POISONING
COLD WATERLINES
ITEMNO.
1002(24) DESCRIPTION
ThreadControl Valve
ControlValve
Thread forFaucet
Thread forShower
EndThreaded
EndThreaded
EndThreaded
SANITARY / PLUMBING
FIXTURES
ITEM
NO.
1002(4) DESCRIPTION
Faucet = 20 Pcs
Urinal = 7 Set
Lavatory = 8 Set
WATER PUMPING SYSTEM
ITEM
NO.
1201(1) DESCRIPTION
AUTOMATIC FIRE
SPRINKLERSYSTEM
(AFSS)
ITEM
NO.
1201(1) DESCRIPTION
ft.)
Connection (64mm)
32mmElbow = 30 Pcs
SiliconGasket
SEWER LINE WORKS
ITEM
NO.
1001(8) DESCRIPTION
Bend
Bend
Bend
Bend
Bend
50mmФ PVC Elbow, 1/8 = 12 Pcs
Bend
100mmФ PVC Tee = 20 Pcs
DOWNSPOUT/STORM DRAIN
ITEM
NO.
1001(9) DESCRIPTION
SEPTIC VAULT
ITEM
NO.
1001(11) DESCRIPTION
Waterproofing
ITEM
NO.
1101(33) DESCRIPTION
FITTINGS
ITEM
NO.
1100(10) DESCRIPTION
ITEM
NO.
1102(1) DESCRIPTION
300AT = 1 pcs
200AT = 2 pcs
150AT = 2 pcs
30AT = 22 pcs
20AT = 15 pcs
board,centermain,all bolt
on
ITEM
NO.
1103(1) DESCRIPTION
type
diffuser
TRANSFORMER(OISC)
WITH COMPLETE
ACCESSORIES
DESCRIPTION
neededin
installation to power-up
a. Transformer - 3-37.5
KVA, 3- Phase 13.2
KV/230V, 60Hz, Dual
b. Transformer Energization
wiringsand accessories
(incl. equipment,
₱100,000)
TABLE 4.2.15 QUANTITY TAKE0FF FOR COMMUNICATION AND SECURITY
NVR Set 1
25mm. Dia. Adaptor w/ lock-nut and end bushing or pipe connector Set 40
joint
elbow.
GENERATOR SET
ITEM
NO.
1726(2) DESCRIPTION
withATS
Brand Cummins
Model CS125E
Premium
Enclosure Grade (Blue
Type Green)
Standby 125KVA /
output 120KW
DSE6020
(Made in
Controller
U.K.)
Alternator 220V / 60
Hz / 3 PH
Engine Cummins
6BT5.9-G2
Fuel Tank 160L
Capacity
Dimensions 3000 mm x
(LxWxH) 1700 mm x
1050 mm
Sound Level 70 db at 7M
AIRCONDITIONING
SYSTEM
(PACKAGE/SPLIT
TYPE)
ITEM
NO.
(Package/Split Type)
Characteristics
External Motor
Capacity Size Quantit
Type (CFM) S.P. (Pa) (HP) V PH HZ y
Characteristics
External Motor
Capacity(CF Quantit
Type M) S.P. (Pa) Size V PH HZ y
(HP)
Aluminum Swing
Door PowderCoated 1 1.8 2.1 3.78
D8.3
Glass
WOODEN PANEL DOORS
Panel Doors w/
Double Swing
Jamb w/Door
Closer
Panel Doors w/
STEEL DOORS
Mark Description # of
Units
Hinges = 1 set
D6 2
Steel Plate = 37.68 kg.
Hinges = 2 set
Exaust Louvre
D7.1 1
Nite Latch = 1 pc.
Hinges = 1 set
TOILET CUBICLE
Mark Description # of
Units
VARIFOLD
Aluminum Sliding
W1 Tinted Glass
Powder
CoatedFinish
Fixed Glass 2.8 0.3 15.96
Aluminum Sliding
Window w/3/16"
W2 CoatedFinish 5
Aluminum Sliding
W3 Tinted Glass 3
Powder
CoatedFinish
Fixed Glass 1.4 0.3 1.26
Aluminum Sliding
Tinted Glass
Powder
CoatedFinish
Aluminum Sliding
Tinted Glass
Powder
CoatedFinish
Steel Fixed Window w/
SquareBar
W7 Steel Fixed Window 2 = 55.3623 kg.
25mmround bar
COMBAT HOLES
ITEM
NO.
10-15cm = 3815.1 kg
SteelPlate
EVIDENCE CABINET
ITEM
NO.
mtrs.
Aluminum = 7.98 sq.
SlidingDoor mtrs.
Structural Steel (Steel 1047(10) DESCRIPTION
Ladder,Detention Cell
etc.)
Aluminum = 6.73127 kg
AngleBars 7
LOCKERS
ITEM
NO.
Carpentry and
Wooden Folding
Partition and
Locker Installation)
3/4" Thk Plywood = 27 pcs.
Stainless = 16 pcs.
SteelHandle
Assorted = 3 kg
CommonNails
Locks = 16 pcs.
LADDER RUNG metal
paint
ITEM
NO.
Bar
CUSTODIAL
DETENTION
CELL
ITEM DESCRIPTION
NO.
FORHOLDING
AREA AND
DETENTION CELL
ITEM
NO.
STAIR HANDRAIL
ITEM
NO.
ITEM
NO.
Handrail
72.3542
NOSING STRIP
ITEM
NO.
N
Finishing # of length
Hardwar
e Steps
ITEM
NO.
2 x 2 x 1/4 x = 513 kg
6MAngle Bar
x 300mm
2 x 1/4 x 6M = 84 kg
FlatBar
12mmФ = 24.03 kg
RoundBar
Tie Wire # 16 = 8 kg
4.2 EVALUATOR’S DETAILED UNIT COST ANALYSIS
804(1)a(STRUCTURE EXCAVATION)
(STRUCTURAL CONCRETE)
FALSEWORK)
1000(1)(SOIL POISONING)
a) Overhead/Contingency/Misc.(10% of I) P 93,271.05
b) Profit (10% of I) P 93,271.05
c) VAT (12 % OF ITEM 1, ITEM IIA AND IIB) P 111,925.26
TOTAL ITEM COST P 1,231,177.91
TOTAL UNIT COST P 1,151.55
TABLE 4.3.17 UNIT COST ANALYSIS FOR ITEM 1046(2)a2
(150 mm CHB NON-LOAD BEARING WALL)
(UNGLAZED TILES)
10018(5)(GLAZED TILES)
(FINISHING HARDWARE)
(RAILINGS/ HANDRAILS)
1032(!)b(WOOD PAINTING)
(METAL PAINTING)
(GENERATOR SET)
QUANTITY 1.00
l.s.
I. DIRECT COST
A. MATERIALS/ LABOR/EQUIPMENT
Description Quantity Unit Unit Cost Total Cost
Showerhead w/ Valves 6 pcs 2,100.00 12,600.00
Faucet 20 pcs 450.00 2,700.00
Floor Drain 35 pcs 135.00 2,700.00
Water Closet 13 set 4,000.00 52,000.00
Urinal 7 set 4,185.00 29,295.00
Lavatory 8 set 1,500.00 12,000.00
2 Laborer 33 days 900.00 29,700.00
Sub - Total P 140,995.00
I - TOTAL DIRECT COST P 140,995.00
II. INDIRECT COST
a) Overhead/Contingency/Misc.(10% of I) P 14,099.50
b) Profit (10% of I) P 14,099.50
c) VAT (12 % OF ITEM 1, ITEM IIA AND IIB) P 16,919.40
TOTAL ITEM COST P 186,113.40
TOTAL UNIT COST P 186,113.40
(SEPTIC VAULT)
Sub-total P 64,603.95
a) Overhead/Contingency/Misc.(10% of I) P 6,460.39
b) Profit (10% of I) P 6,460.39
c) VAT (12 % OF ITEM 1, ITEM IIA AND IIB) P 7,752.47
TOTAL ITEM COST P 105,977.21
TOTAL UNIT COST P 105,977.21
1103(1)(LIGHTING FIXTURES)
ITEM NO. 1103(1)
DESCRIPTION Lighting Fixtures
QUANTITY 1.00 l.s.
I. DIRECT COST
A. MATERIALS/ LABOR/EQUIPMENT
Description Quantity Unit Unit Cost Total Cost
Flourescent Light ,40W box type 27 Pcs 2228.00 60,156.00
2 x 40W Flouy lamp w/ diffuser 27 Pcs 1215.00 32,805.00
1 x 32W Circular flou lamp 2 Pcs 990.00 1,980.00
Post lamp 10 Pcs 668.00 6,680.00
Pin Light 35 Pcs 318.00 11,130.00
4 Laborers 33 Days 1,800.00 59,400.00
Sub - Total P 172,151.00
I - TOTAL DIRECT COST P 172,151.00
II. INDIRECT COST
a) Overhead/Contingency/Misc.(10% of I) P 17,215.10
b) Profit (10% of I) P 17,215.10
c) VAT (12 % OF ITEM 1, ITEM IIA AND IIB) P 20,658.12
TOTAL ITEM COST P 227,239.32
TOTAL UNIT COST P 227,239.32
PART A.1.1(8) Provision of Field Office for the Engineer (Rental Basis) 7.00 mo. 18,984.00 132,888.0
I
B.5 Project Billboard / Sign Board (4' x 8' - DPWH, 8' x 8' COA) 2.00 ea. 7,383.19 14,766.3
B.7(2) Construction Safety and Health (PPE, Safety Personnel, Disinfention) 1.00 l.s. 170,286.48 170,286.4
804(1)a Embankment from Structure Excavation (Backfilling and Compaction) 191.55 cu.m. 204.82 39,233.2
804(1)b Embankment from Common Borrow by Equipment (Earthfill) 275.18 cu.m. 981.22 270,012.1
900(1)c1 Structural Concrete (Ready Mix Class A @ 28 Days) 174.69 cu.m. 9,871.68 1,724,483.7
Structural Concrete for Footing, Wall Footing, Slab on Fill, Canopy, Parapet and
900(1)c2 Column Cover (Ready Mix Class A @ 28 Days) 213.71 cu.m. 9,871.68 2,109,676.7
902(1)b Reinforcing Steel, Grade 60 (16mm dia and above) 18,660.98 kg. 91.60 1,709,345.7
902(1)a Reinforcing Steel, Grade 40 (12 mm dia and above) 28,918.77 kg. 91.68 2,651,272.8
1046(2)a1 100 mm CHB Non Load Bearing Wall (including Reinforcing Steel) 873.44 sq.m. 1,071.90 936,240.3
1046(2)a2 150 mm CHB Non Load Bearing Wall (including Reinforcing Steel) 932.84 sq.m. 1,330.49 1,241,134.2
1003(1)e1 Gympsum Board Ceiling on Metal Frame 709.02 sq.m. 727.72 515,968.0
1047(10) Structural Steel (Steel Ladder, Detention Cell etc.) 1.00 l.s. 256,284.14 256,284.1
Carpentry and Joinery Works (QSL, Wooden Folding Partition and Locker
1003(17) Installation) 1.00 l.s. 256,284.14 256,284.1
1202(1) Automatic Fire Sprinkler System (AFSS) 1.00 l.s 1,842,713.74 1,842,713.7
1200(13)a Air Condinioning System (Package/Split Type) 1.00 l.s 427,140.14 427,140.1
1102(1) Power Load Center, Switchgear, and Panel Boards 1.00 l.s 212,620.94 212,620.9
1102(8) Pad Mounted Power Transformer (OISC) with Complete Accessories 1.00 l.s 493,584.14 493,584.1
1105(20) Network Cabling System (CCTV), Tyelephone and Data 1.00 l.s 341,712.14 341,712.1
TOTAL 29,305,446.2
This chapter summarizes significant findings from evaluating the Sipalay City
Police Station Building, the evaluators' conclusion, and recommendations for future
researchers.
Introduction
This project study aims to investigate the construction of the Sipalay city police
station building to identify the importance of the location in the pre-construction of the
police station, how materials, manpower, and suppliers influence the construction flow,
Key Findings
The evaluators were able to establish five key findings on this project evaluation.
Contractor and end-user. Due to the design of the PNP building, its various demands did
not meet the NSCP 2015, as noticed by the project engineer assigned on site. Moreover,
failure in conducting soil bearing tests led to the structure's design change. Thus, the
Second, the negligence of the material suppliers of the project. The materials
delivered to the site were not up to standards, some materials' quality could have been
better, the colors of the tiles were not uniform, and so on.
Third, amidst the problems and the force of nature, the engineers showed great
ability. Many problems were encountered by the engineers in the project, including the
plan needs to be revised, force majeure, wrong materials, and so on., but despite it, the
Fourth, the location of the Sipalay City police station is not strategy-wise. The
location is far from the area where the main source of money for Sipalay City's economy
is where the banks, malls, markets, beaches, and so forth are located, which can result in
a delay in responding.
Lastly, the positive impact on the security of the Sipalaynons. Sipalay City now
has a district police station that can attend to the city's and its people's needs.
Conclusion
This project evaluation has examined the construction of the Sipalay City Police
Station Building and its impact on the delivery of policing services in the area through a
thorough analysis of project documentation and site visits. It has been demonstrated that
the construction of the police station has positively impacted law enforcement in the area.
The new police station has provided modern and fit-for-purpose facilities, which
have improved the working conditions for police officers and increased their ability to
respond effectively to crime and other incidents. The improved facilities have also
increased public trust and confidence in the police, which is essential for effective
community policing.
However, some issues were identified during the evaluation, such as delays in the
completion of the project and the need for ongoing maintenance to ensure the long-term
sustainability of the infrastructure. Also, due to heavy rain caused by typhoon Odette,
ordinarily dry areas were flooded, and stored Portland cement hardened. Glass doors
whose
hinges were loose on the rooftop area were shattered due to strong winds. Nonetheless,
the project engineer used all available resources to deliver the project in the said time
frame.
Generally, this project evaluation has shown that the construction of the Sipalay
City Police Station has been a valuable investment in the delivery of policing services in
the area. It is recommended that ongoing monitoring and evaluation occur to ensure that
the infrastructure remains fit for purpose and that any issues are addressed promptly.
Recommendations
construction process. A strong structure started only as a plan, but the plan is what makes
the structure strong. This is possible by anticipating not all but the majority of potential
the dream work” that is a famous saying, and it is true, coordination can help in making
Follow the National Structural Code of the Philippines and National Building
police station buildings, requires meticulous adherence to relevant building codes and
regulations. In the case of the Philippines, NSCP and the National Building Code serve as
crucial guidelines that ensure the safety, structural integrity, and functionality of such
structures. By strictly following these codes, the structural safety of the building is
ensured, protecting the lives of occupants and enabling the structure to withstand
potential hazards. Furthermore, compliance with the regulatory standards outlined in the
codes facilitates the
acquisition of permits and clearances, ensuring that the building aligns with the
Continuously evaluate and improve the methods used: the methods should be
only used if applicable and if it benefits the work process. The methods can determine the
success of a project.
employees and other parties involved should be involved in the design process to ensure
that the building meets their needs and preferences. This can be achieved through
materials of the building should be entrusted to a qualified and experienced supplier with
a proven track record of delivering quality materials within budget and timeline
constraints.
should be conducted to ensure that the building remains in good condition and retains its
value over time. This includes routine inspections, repairs, and upgrades to systems and
equipment.
REFERENCES
The National Building Code of the Philippines with Its Revised Implementing Rules and
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Metro Manila, Philippines: Philippine Gazette Law.
Jr, F. M. B. (1980). Simplified construction estimate. 5138 Merchandising. Foz, V. B.
(1998).
The National Building Code of the Philippines: And its Implementing Rules and
Regulations.Philippine Law
Gazette
Philippines,, A. of S. E. of the. (2001). National structural code of the Philippines. Association
Structural
Engineers of the Philippines.
P32-M police station unveiled in Sipalay City. Manila Bulletin. (n.d.). Retrieved May 6, 2023,
from
https://mb.com.ph/2022/12/17/p32-m-police-station-unveiled-in-sipalay-city
Method Statement HQ, "Project Construction Methodology”, accessed April 24, 2019
(Master,2019). Philippines
Cities. (2013, May 7). Sipalay City History | Tourist Spots, Language and Festivals
| Philippines Cities.
Foz, V. B. (1998). The National Building Code of the Philippines: And its Implementing
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Philippine Law Gazette.
Philconprices. (2022, April 2). Philippine Construction Productivity Rates Archives.
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Region VI (Western Visayas). National Wages Productivity Commission. (n.d.).
https://nwpc.dole.gov.ph/regionandwages/region-vi-western-visayas/
AS-BUILT PLAN
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS
Request Letter
Suspension Orders
Resumption Orders
Deed of Donation
Soil Bearing Test
Construction Material Price Data
DOCUMENTATIONS OF SITE VISIT
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS DOCUMENTATION
CURRICULUM VITAE
renzduran13@gmail.com
09687667837
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
2017-2019
2013-2017
2007-2013
240
JEO ARNEL D. PADEROG
jeoarnelpaderog@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Religion: Baptist
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
2017-2019
2013-2017
2007-2013
ERICKA MARIE D. PATRON
marie14dlsp@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2021 - 2023
2016-2020
2012-2016
2010-2012
TRISHIA MARIE G. TADIAQUE
trishiamarietadiaque.07@gmail.com
09053443957
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
Senior High School: Liceo De La Salle, University of St. La Salle, Bacolod City
2017 - 2019
2013-2017
2007-2013
FAYERYLL C. TOMAS
fayefayetomas@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
2017-2019
Occidental 2013-2017
Occidental 2007-2013
RANNIE B. VIERNEZA
viernezarannie22@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019-2023
Senior High School: COLEGIO DE STA. RITA SAN CARLOS CITY INC.
2016-2018
Junior High School: COLEGIO DE STA. RITA SAN CARLOS CITY INC.
2012-2016
2006-2012
CURRICULUM VITAE
renzduran13@gmail.com
09687667837
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
2017-2019
2013-2017
2007-2013
240
JEO ARNEL D. PADEROG
jeoarnelpaderog@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Religion: Baptist
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
2017-2019
2013-2017
2007-2013
ERICKA MARIE D. PATRON
marie14dlsp@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2021 - 2023
2016-2020
2012-2016
2010-2012
TRISHIA MARIE G. TADIAQUE
trishiamarietadiaque.07@gmail.com
09053443957
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
Senior High School: Liceo De La Salle, University of St. La Salle, Bacolod City
2017 - 2019
2013-2017
2007-2013
FAYERYLL C. TOMAS
fayefayetomas@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019 - 2023
2017-2019
Occidental 2013-2017
Occidental 2007-2013
RANNIE B. VIERNEZA
viernezarannie22@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
2019-2023
Senior High School: COLEGIO DE STA. RITA SAN CARLOS CITY INC.
2016-2018
Junior High School: COLEGIO DE STA. RITA SAN CARLOS CITY INC.
2012-2016
2006-2012
Jonathan. (2023). National Building Code: Everything You Need To Know. Luxury Homes for Sale in
https://www.brittany.com.ph/blogs/national-building-code/#:~:text=Republic%20Act%20No.,o
ccupancy%2C%20maintenance%2C%20and%20use.