Chapter 14: LC Gates

Section 1: LC General
14.1.1 Codes: This chapter shall be read in conjunction with chapter III and Chapter
XVI of General Rules, Chapter 7 and Chapter 20 of SEM.

14.1.2 Classification of Level Crossings (Ref: Para 902, Chapter 9 of IRPWM)

The classification of road-rail surface level crossings shall be decided by the

Engineering Department as per para 902 (refer to IRPWM) of Indian Railways
Permanent Way Manual (IRPWM).

Level crossings are classified as under:

(a) Special class: For roads having TVU greater than 50,000.

(b) A Class: For roads having TVU between 50,000 and 30,000 or Line capacity
utilisation 80% (on single line section) and number of road vehicle more
than 1000.

(c) B Class – TVUs less than 30,000 and up to 20,000 and number of road
vehicles greater than 750.
‘B’ Class is further subdivided as following:
B1 class… TVUs less than 30,000 and up to 25,000
B2 class… TVUs less than 25,000 and up to 20,000

(d) C Class: All other Level crossings for road not covered in above classes.

Note: Please refer to chapter-9 of IRPWM, Para 902 & other Engg. Dept`s notifications
on latest norms

14.1.3 Categories of Level Crossing Gates

Gates can be broadly divided into the following categories:

(a) Non-Interlocked Gates, Interlocked Gates:

(i) Non-Interlocked Gates: These gates may be in the form of lifting

barriers or swing/ movable gates of approved design. These gates are
installed and maintained by engineering department. Communication
equipments of approved type are provided and maintained at such
manned gates by S&T department.

(ii) Interlocked Gates: At interlocked gates, interlocking and communication

equipment are provided and maintained by S&T department. These gates
are interlocked and protected with signals.

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 (b) Engineering Gates, Traffic Gates:

(i) Engineering Gates: Gates beyond the outermost stop signals are
called Engineering gates and are manned and operated by Engineering
staff. These gates may be non-interlocked or interlocked with signals.

(ii) Traffic Gates: Gates located between the outermost stop signals are
called Traffic Gates and are manned and operated by Traffic staff.
These gates shall be interlocked with station signals.

14.1.4 Normal Position of Gates: Normal position of Interlocked gates shall be as

per para 904 and 907 of IRPWM.

14.1.5 Equipment at Level Crossing

(a) The Level Crossings shall be provided with equipment as per para 910 of
IRPWM. These equipments are provided and maintained by Engineering or
Traffic department.

(b) The Working instruction including the gate working diagram of level crossing
equipped with gate signals and situated outside the station limits, shall be
provided at the gate lodge. A copy of the working instruction shall also be
kept at the controlling station. These instructions shall be provided in
vernacular language.

(c) Safety measures for different classes of level crossings such as interlocking
with signals, provision of telephone communication and approach warning
arrangement shall be as per Annexure: 14-A1.

(d) Communication of approved type shall be provided between the Gate-lodge

and the Station Master's office/cabin man in accordance with para 2 of
Annexure: 14-A1. Such communication may be provided to the authorized
operating official instead of Station Master's Office/cabin man to suit the
local operating condition. One to one communication shall be ensured. The
communication of Gateman shall also be with CTC (where provided).

(e) Audible warning by a bell/buzzer of approved type operated by the approach

of a train shall be provided at interlocked gates in accordance with para 3
of Annexure: 14-A1.

14.1.6 Interlocking of LC Gates

(a) Norms as notified from time to time by Railway Board shall be followed for
Interlocking of Gates.

(b) Gate Signaling shall match sectional Signaling.

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14.1.7 Interlocked Level Crossing Gates – Outside Station Limits

(a) On sections provided with two aspect Signaling,

(i) A Stop Signal at 400 meters from the gate shall be provided.

(ii) Where the section is provided with separate Warner signal, such a
Warner signal shall be provided at a distance of not less than 1.2 km
from the Gate Stop Signal.

(b) On Sections provided with multiple aspect signalling,

(i) The Gate Stop Signal shall be located at not less than 180 meters in
rear of the gate.

Note: Existing LC gates at 120 meters in automatic signalling/Suburban sections

may continue

(ii) In Single Distant territory, the Distant Signal shall be located, at not less
than one kilometer in rear of the Gate Signal.

(iii) In Double Distant territory, Gate Distant signal shall be located, at not
less than 2 kilometers in rear of the Gate signal and Gate Inner Distant
Signal shall be located, at not less than one kilometer in rear of the
Gate Signal.

(c) The Gate Stop Signal shall be provided with 'G' marker except where
prohibited under special instructions.

The 'G' marker shall consist of letter 'G' in black on yellow circular disc. The
instructions in Chapter 20, Section 1 shall apply to signals protecting Level
Crossing Gates in Automatic Signalling Block territory.

(d) Approach locking shall be provided, which shall be effective from a

distance not less than the Emergency braking distance of the trains running
on the section at the maximum permissible speed.

Where there are no track circuits in the rear of the Gate stop signal or the
total length of such track circuits in rear of the Gate stop signal is less than
the Emergency braking distance, Dead approach locking with delay as per
para No. 21.1.21 (Table-1) shall be provided.

14.1.8 Interlocked Level Crossing Gates within Station Limits

(a) Where interlocked level crossings within station limits are operated from a
place other than the place of operation of the signal protecting the gate,
arrangements of interlocking should be such that the last operation before
taking off the signal should be, the closing of the gate and the first
operation after the train has cleared the level crossing and the signal has
been put back to 'ON' position, should be the opening of the gate by the
Gateman.

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 (b) On sections provided with two aspect Signalling:

(i) The Outer Signal shall be located at a minimum distance of 400 meters
from the gate.

(ii) Where the Outer Signal cannot be so located and the Outer Signal falls
in between Home Signal and Gate, a separate Gate signal may be
located at a distance of 400 meters in rear of the gate.

(iii) Where there is adequate visibility of the Outer Signal (1.2 km if sectional
speed is 100 kmph above and 0.8 km if sectional speed is less than 100
kmph) the Gate Signal shall work independent of the Outer Signal.

(iv) Where the visibility of Outer Signal is not adequate, the Outer Signal
shall be shifted and combined with the Gate Signal where feasible or
inter-slotting arrangement shall be provided between the Outer Signal
and the Gate Signal.

(c) On sections provided with Multiple Aspect Signaling: when the interlocked
gates are situated between Distant and Home Signal:

(i) The Gate Stop Signal shall be located, at not less than 180 meters in
rear of the gate.

(ii) In Single Distant territory, the Distant Signal (which shall function as
Gate Distant as well) shall be located, at not less than one kilometer in
rear of the Gate Signal.

(iii) In Double distant territory, Gate Distant signal shall be located, at not
less than 2 kilometers in rear of the Gate signal and Gate Inner Distant
Signal shall be located, at not less than one kilometer in rear of the
Gate Signal.

14.1.9 LC Gates in Automatic Block Signalling/Suburban Sections

(a) Operation & Audible Warning

(i) Level Crossing gates in automatic sections shall be worked by lifting

barrier gates operated mechanically or electrically and shall be
interlocked with signals.

(ii) They shall also be provided with audible warning on both sides of the
road, actuated by approaching trains. In addition, road user signal shall
be provided on both sides of the road, which shall exhibit ‘stop’ aspect,
if there is any train on the approach or whenever the gate is in closed
condition and it shall display ‘Caution’ aspect when gate is in open
condition.

(iii) The audible and visual train approach annunciation shall be such that
the Gateman gets adequate warning time, which shall be a minimum of
60 seconds for the train with maximum permissible speed, for closing
the level crossing gates before the train approaches within the sighting
distance of the relevant gate signals.

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 (b) Approach Locking in Automatic Block Signalling/Suburban Sections

(i) Both Approach locking and back-locking shall be provided by track

circuits/Axle Counters on the interlocked level crossings situated on
sections provided with automatic signalling.

(ii) The approach locking shall be effective from the moment the train
occupies the track circuit in rear of the signal, which has assumed,
‘OFF’ position when the Gate Signal is taken 'OFF' and the back
locking shall be effective until the train clears the level crossing. The
audible warning (for Road Users) shall stop as soon as gate is closed
and locked but ‘stop’ aspect (for road users, where provided) shall
continue to be displayed till the gates are re-opened for traffic.

(iii) Approach locking should be effective from a distance not less than
emergency braking distance required for maximum permissible speed
on that section.

14.1.10 Emergency Provisions Due to Failures

(a) Level Crossing Gate Unable to Close

(i) Emergency Sliding Booms shall be provided at all interlocked gates to

work trains on signals in case of failure of lifting barrier.

(ii) Fixing of Emergency Sliding Boom shall be outside lifting barrier to

ensure safety of road users & trains. Painting scheme of sliding boom
shall be same as lifting barrier.

(iii) Stop indicator Board (Retro reflective type) shall be provided on

Emergency Sliding Booms. Also road signal, if provided shall display
ON aspect to avoid confusion to road traffic.

(iv) Normal aspects of signals as per interlocking may be provided during

use of Sliding Boom Barrier with following arrangements:

 Sliding Boom should be directly locked by ‘E’ type lock or by any

suitable means.

 E-type locks of same ward (matching with working lifting barrier)

should not be used in sliding boom type.

(b) Level Crossing Gate Unable to Open

(i) An Emergency key shall be provided at the gate lodge at all interlocked
gates and shall be kept in "EKT sealed box with pad lock", to enable
Gate man to open the gate and allow road traffic in case of failure of
lifting barrier to open.

(ii) Counter should be provided for logging gate man’s extraction of

emergency key to open LC gate.

(iii) Record of use of emergency key shall be maintained in a register with

reason.
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 (iv) Emergency key IN and OUT contact must be proved in relevant
interlocking circuit so that; Signal shall be taken off only when
Emergency key is proved IN and signal Taken OFF must be put to
Most Restrictive aspect, if emergency key is taken OUT from EKT.

(v) There shall be a facility provided for Gateman to put back Gate Signal
to danger in case of emergency.

Section 2: Installation of LC Gates

14.2.1 Instructions for Mechanical/Electrical Lifting Barriers

(a) At stations, it is desirable that level crossings should not be located at

fouling reception, stabling lines, berthing track and signal overlaps. As far
as possible, level crossings should be provided at a place, which gives an
uninterrupted view not only to drivers of approaching trains but also to the
road users.

(b) Lifting barrier of approved type shall be installed.

(c) Interlocking arrangement at the interlocked gate shall be as per approved

plan and wiring diagram.

(d) The minimum distance of lifting barrier from the centre line of nearest track
shall be minimum 3.5 meters.

(e) Foundation for pedestal shall be of adequate strength.

(f) Lifting barrier shall have two booms, one each on either side of the track.
The boom of the barrier shall extend across the full width of the road. It
shall be installed perpendicular to the road. In case of wider roads
provided with road divider, provision of two half barriers, each set operated
diagonally by a separate winch in mechanical lifting barrier or operating
panel in electric lifting barrier may be provided. Pedestals should be
outside the road.

(g) For Mechanical Lifting Barrier, the boom rest (stop post) shall be in
alignment with the boom. The open position of the lifting barrier shall be
within 80° to 90° from the horizontal and the closed position shall be within
0° to 10° from the horizontal. Colour Light road user signal shall be
provided to indicate whether the gate is closed or open.

(h) When the gate is closed to road traffic, clearance between the road
surface level and the boom shall be 0.8 to 1 meter. The road surface level
shall be maintained as per concerned para of IRPWM.

(i) The open position for Electric Lifting Barrier, shall be as specified in the
relevant specification.

(j) Lifting barrier shall be so installed that it shall be possible to stop or

reverse its movement at any point during operation without damage.

(k) At the centre of the boom, the lifting barrier shall be provided with a 600
mm dia. red disc having red reflector/luminous strip facing the road traffic.
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 (l) The boom shall be either painted with 300 mm bands of alternate black
and yellow colour or provided with approved type of retro-reflective strips.
Fluorescent or any other approved type of yellow color paint shall be used.

(m) Warning boards shall be provided as mentioned in Para No. 7.2.1 to 7.2.5.

(n) Markers on signals in automatic Signaling territory shall be provided as

mentioned in Para No.20.1.6.

(o) Rumble strip, speed breakers and warning signs to road user shall be
provided by Engineering department as per extant instruction.

(p) In semaphore Signaling territory, where distant/separate warner signal is

worked with electric signal machine, indication locking shall be provided on
gate signal lever.

(q) Wherever required in accordance with Para-3 of Annexure: 14-A1 approved

type of train detection device shall be provided for initiating approach
warning to Gateman. The device shall be so located as to provide the
approach warning at least 60 seconds before arrival of the trains running in
the section at the maximum permissible speed. The warning shall continue
till the train reaches the level crossing.

(r) A gate working diagram shall be provided at the place of operation for all
interlocked engineering Level Crossing Gates. At all interlocked LC gates
having independent operations of signals, indication panel shall be
provided.

(s) All relays, batteries, etc. for operation of gate and gate signals shall be
housed in signalling goomty/masonry structure.

(t) Equipment for communication of approved type shall be fixed inside gate
lodge on a wooden or on any other approved type shelf/box at an
appropriate height from ground level as per space available. The wiring for
communication equipment shall be properly secured by adopting best
practices.

14.2.2 Installation of LC Gates in RE Area

(a) Power supply for Level Crossing shall be made available from both UP and
DN AT supply in accordance with para 20713.2 (iii) of ACTM Vol. II (Part I)
in addition to local supply.

(b) For interlocking a Level Crossing in RE area, neutral section shall be

relocated wherever minimum distance between gate signals and neutral
section is not available as per para 16.4 and 16.5 of AC Traction Manual.
(Volume II, Part II)

(c) Proper precautions as stipulated in Chapter 22 of SEM shall be taken.

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14.2.3 Installation of Mechanical Lifting Barriers (MLB)

(a) A separate fracture segment shall connect the boom with the mechanism
near the pivot. Fracture segment mounting shall be of such a design that it
can be transported, replaced easily and quickly and in case of a mighty hit
shall allow for the break of the segment without endangering the mechanism
itself.

(b) Winch for the operation of the lifting barrier shall be located at a place
(including cabin) not exceeding 150 meters from the gate and having clear
visibility of the road.

(c) It shall be ensured that while closing the gate, warning bell rings and lamp
bracket also gets turned to give required indication to road users.
Alternatively standard audio and visual signals for road users as required
for electric lifting barriers shall be provided.

(d) It shall be ensured that the roller fitted to the rope drum enters the trunnion
bracket and activates the boom for closure/opening.

(e) It shall be ensured that Boom locking is effective and it is not possible to lift
the boom by more than 10° from closed position.

(f) The wire rope shall not overlap at the winch and rope drums.

(g) The guy rod shall be given sufficient tension for smooth operation of the
boom.

(h) Oil holes, grease nipples, etc. shall be provided with spring loaded covers.

(i) It shall be possible to extract the key from the winch only when the gate is
fully closed.

(j) At mechanical interlocked gates, interlocking shall be achieved through 'E'

type locks or by approved means.

14.2.4 Installation of Electric Lifting Barrier (ELB)

(a) Where reliable power supply is available at any interlocked Level Crossing
Gates (of special class, A, B1, B2 class & C class) in any section,
electrically operated lifting barrier of approved design shall be provided.

(b) The boom shall be of approved type. The metallic type boom shall be
segmented for easy transport, installation and replacement.

(c) Operation of the lifting barrier may be provided from a gate control panel or
by any other approved equipment.

(d) At the centre of the boom, a red reflector shall be provided.

(e) Emergency operation by hand crank shall be provided.

(f) The boom must be so balanced that in case of failure of power supply, the
barrier shall remain in the position last assumed.

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 (g) Power supply equipment shall be installed in a Gate goomty. In RE areas,
Up AT, Dn AT in Double line or single AT in Single line shall be provided
along with local power supply. In Non-RE areas, Local power supply,
Generator supply, Solar power supply shall be provided.

(h) Road user signal shall be provided to indicate whether the gate is closed or
open. While closing/opening the Electric lifting barrier, a hooter shall sound
and road user signal shall exhibit red. In closed condition of ELB, the hooter
shall stop and road user signal shall display steady red. In open condition of
ELB, the road user signal shall display steady yellow.

(i) At least two types of operations should be provided i.e. Power operation
and Manual Cranking operation. Hand Generator operation type may also
be provided where feasible.

Section 3: Maintenance of LC Gates

14.3.1 Maintenance of Mechanical Lifting Barrier (MLB)

(a) All moving parts shall be properly lubricated.

(b) Gears, rope drums and wire rope shall be doused with soft grease.

(c) Cleaning of rodding and wire transmission should be done properly.

Cleaning of all pipes and ducts to prevent obstruction by accumulation of
dirt shall be ensured.

(d) All bolts and nuts shall be tightened and split pins shall be split properly.

(e) Worn out pins, if any, in the crank shall be replaced.

(f) It shall be ensured that both the booms are parallel in open condition.

(g) Proper adjustment of wire sag and tension shall be made.

(h) Integrity of interlocking and boom locking shall be checked.

(i) Rusty wires and rodding shall be replaced.

(j) It shall be ensured that 'E' type lock which locks the winch should also lock
winch handle in closed position of barrier.

(k) All gate locking apparatus must be examined regularly and working parts
kept oiled. Gate locks must be kept in good working order.

(l) Proper working of audio/visual warning shall be ensured.

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14.3.2 Maintenance of Electric Lifting Barrier (ELB)

(a) Machines must be kept in good condition, free from rust, dust and dirt.

(b) The bearing surface and moving parts of the electric lifting barrier shall be
lubricated properly.

(c) Contacts must be kept clean and in proper adjustment. If contact surfaces
are pitted, they must be replaced.

(d) Commutator and Brushes

(i) Commutator must be clean, smooth and have a bright appearance.

(ii) Brushes must be kept clean and properly bedded on the commutator.
Brushes should have proper pressure and should be free in brush
holders.

(e) Friction clutch must be so adjusted that the same should get de-clutched
when the boom is raised or lowered fully and the power supply is not cut
off.

(f) The shock absorber at the boom rest (stop post) must be kept properly
adjusted.

(g) The time of operation of electric lifting barrier shall not exceed stipulated
time. Measured value of current should not exceed rated values.

(h) The satisfactory functioning of the lifting barrier by a hand crank shall be
checked.

(i) All gate locking apparatus must be examined regularly and working parts
kept oiled. Gate locks must be kept in good working order.

(j) Proper working of audio/visual warning shall be ensured.

(k) Approach warning arrangement where provided, is working satisfactorily

and effectiveness of Approach and Back locking provided shall be ensured.

(l) Track circuits/Axle counters, if provided, shall be maintained in accordance

with instructions laid down in Chapter 17 of SEM.

(m) Communication of approved type, provided between Level Crossing gates

and the adjoining stations shall be checked in regard to their satisfactory
functioning.

(n) Heavy repairs, renewals or alterations to gate interlocking must not be

carried out until Jr. Engineer/Sr. Section Engineer (Signal) concerned has
arranged for the protection of the road traffic by the concerned department
and the work shall be carried out under proper disconnection.

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 (o) SSE(Signal)/Incharge shall maintain a register indicating details of each
class of Level Crossing Gate in regard to its location, number, type of gate
provided, provision of communication, interlocking arrangement, provision
of approach warning and flash lights etc. pertaining to his section. A
statement in regard to the above should be submitted on first January and
first July every year, to the Sr. Divisional Signal and Telecommunication
Engineer/Divisional Signal and Telecommunication Engineer.

(p) Maintenance Schedules as given in Annexures shall be followed. These

may be modified/supplemented by PCSTE of the Railway to suit local
needs.

Note: Where ever ‘Track Circuit’ is mentioned in this chapter, it also applies to Axle
Counters.

Note: This Chapter has under mentioned Annexures

S.No. Annexure No. Description
1 14-A1 Safety Measures to be Provided at Level Crossings

Note: This Chapter has under mentioned Maintenance Schedule in Appendix I

S.No. Annexure No. Description
1 14-MS1 Maintenance Schedule of Mechanical Lifting Barrier
2 14-MS2 Maintenance Schedule of Power Operated Lifting Barrier
3 14-MS3 Maintenance Schedule of Sliding Boom

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Para No. 14.1.5(c), 14.1.5(d), 14.1.5(e), 14.2.1(q) Annexure 14-A1

Safety Measures to be Provided at Level Crossings

Spl. Class A Class B1 Class B2 Class C Class (Manned)

>30000 >25000 >20000 >3000 Cat I Other Stipulations
TVU-> >50000 and and and and
<50000 <30000 <25000 >2500 Cat II
1. Interlocking of Gates with Signals
a) Within Should be Should be Should be Should be
Should be Interlocked with To minimize the Mean Waiting Time for road users,
Station Interlocked Interlocked Interlocked Interlocked
Station Signals in Suburban the arrangement of Interlocking should be such that
Limits with with with with section, in Automatic Block the last operation before taking ‘OFF’ of Signal should
Station Station Station Station
signalling. In Non-Suburban be the closing of the Gate and the first operation after
Signals Signals Signals Signals
section, all traffic gates the train has cleared the Level Crossing and the Signal
should be interlocked with is put back to ‘ON’ position, should be opening of the
station signal or if it has to Gate by the Gateman.
be interlocked for any other
reason.
b) Should be Should be Should be Should be Should be Interlocked with i) In case of Level Crossing protected by signal, where
Outside Interlocked Interlocked Interlocked Interlocked Gate Signals, in Automatic the sighting of the signal by an engine driver is in
Station with Gate with Gate with Gate with Gate Block Signalling sections. adequate and the Gate signal is not pre - warned
Limits Signals Signals Signals Signals through other means (Distant Signal/Independent
Warner Signal/Repeater Signal etc.), a Warning Board
should be placed at not less than the emergency
braking distance in the rear of the Gate Stop Signal.
The board should be vertical 2000 mm by 450 mm
with alternate black and yellow strips 125 mm width
painted on it at an angle of 45 degree. The top of the
board should be 4 meter above rail level. The board
need not be lit at night but should as for as possible
be provided with scotchlite or other effective light
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 Spl. Class A Class B1 Class B2 Class C Class (Manned)
>30000 >25000 >20000 >3000 Cat I Other Stipulations
TVU-> >50000 and and and and
<50000 <30000 <25000 >2500 Cat II
reflectors or retro- reflective tape.
ii) Where level crossing is situated outside station
limits but in close proximity thereof, the clear
distance between the level crossing and an outer
signal should not be less than the full train length.

Note: All manned level crossing gates both within and outside station limits falling on suburban sections and Automatic Block Signalling section
shall be interlocked irrespective of the classification/TVUs of the gates.

c) Normal Shall be normally kept open to Road Traffic If Interlocked, shall be

Position normally kept open to
of Gate Road Traffic

2. Telephonic or any other Approved type Communication from the Gate Lodge

Within or Telephone or any other approved type be provided with ASM’s office with all In Block Sections having large number of Level
outside Manned Level Crossing Gates. Crossing Gates, the connections should be uniformly
Station distributed between the Block Stations.
Limits Ref. Railway Board letter no. 2010/Tele/11(11)/1 Pt. dated 31.10.17

3. Warning Bells or Hooters Operated by Approaching Train at Interlocked LC Gate

Within or Provision of Warning bell or hooter operated by Approach Train at Interlocked LC Gates in suburban section and non-suburban
Outside sections be provided on sections having Automatic Signalling. (Ref. RB’s letter No. 2011/SIG/WP/LC/IR/1 dated 20.02.2013)
Station
Limits

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 Spl. Class A Class B1 Class B2 Class C Class (Manned)
>30000 >25000 >20000 >3000 Cat I Other Stipulations
TVU-> >50000 and and and and
<50000 <30000 <25000 >2500 Cat II
4. Type of Lifting Barrier
a) Within
Electrically Electrically Electrically Electrically
or Electrically Operated Lifting
Operated Operated Operated Operated In Non-Suburban Section, Electrically Operated Lifting
Outside barrier in Sub-urban
Lifting Lifting Lifting Lifting barrier be provided, where Power supply is Reliable.
Station Section.
barrier barrier barrier barrier
Limits
5. Approach Locking

(i) To be provided in Sub-urban Section.

(ii) Dead Approach Locking with Timing of 60 Sec in other sections.
6. Warning Bell or Hooter for Road User
Provision of Warning Bell or Hooter may be provided at all interlocked LC gates for road users which will sound during closing of gate.

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