EVALUASI PENERAPAN GREEN CONSTRUCTION PADA PROYEK

PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG
(Studi kasus : Gedung Kuliah Bersama Universitas Negeri Malang)
EVALUTION OF THE APLLICATION OF GREEN CONTRUCTION IN
BUILDING CONTRUCTION PROJECTS
(Case Study : Lecture Threatre Complex of State University of Malang)
Muhammad Muslih Ridho
S1 Teknik Sipil, Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri
Malang
Jl. Semarang No. 5 Kota Malang, Indonesia
muhammad.muslih.1805236@students.um.ac.id

Abstract
Environmental degradation and global warming are a phenomenon that has
occurred in the world. The development of the construction project is considered to
have a role of the phenomenon. So it takes a building concept to consider the
environment’s condition called “Green Building”. There are several categories in
order to make a building called Green Building, one of them is the application of
green construction category in the construction.
This research was evalution of the application of green construction categories
Lecture Threatre Complex of UM project with direct observation and verification
interview. The instrument that used to analyze the green construction category in
this study is Greenship New Building Version 1.2 by GBCI. percentage of the
achievment of 66,67%.
This research was conducted on green construction category based on the
result of preliminary survey to experts of green construction, there are
environmental tobacco smoke control;; visual comfort; and pollution of
construction activity. The result of this research is the implementation of green
construction of Lecture Threatre Complex of UM project for category
environmental tobacco smoke control, visual comfort; and pollution of construction
activity in accordance with the Greenship with the percentage of the achievment of
100% and categories of viii the chemical pollutant in the percentage of the
achievment of 66,67%.
Keyword : Green Building, Green Contruction, Grenship New Building
 INTRODUCTION
Environmental damage and global warming are phenomena that have occurred
in the world, including in Indonesia. According to data from the South-East Asia
Sustainable Building Conference "New Green Opportunities & Challenges", the
largest energy consumption comes from the building aspect. Contributors to
environmental damage start from the construction process until the time the
building is used.
The environmental impact caused by the construction process on new
developments is enormous and results in major changes in the surrounding
environment. To prevent this, a development concept that takes into account
environmental conditions is needed. This concept is known as an environmentally
friendly building or can be referred to as a "Green Building" (Post The President,
2013).
In the Joint Lecture Building, State University of Malang, there are shading
components arranged in such a way as to give a unique and iconic impression. GKB
UM is the first University-level joint lecture building owned by the State University
of Malang. The building which has a function as a place for learning activities in
addition to providing comfort to its residents, it also has to consider energy
consumption.
To realize environmentally friendly buildings, several ways can be done, such
as efforts to save water, save energy, and so on. However, attention to
environmentally friendly insights is not only in the application of this category.
There have been several developments in implementing environmentally friendly
building conditions, including the emergence of several categories discussing the
condition of a building so that the building is said to be environmentally friendly,
one of which is the application of the green construction category in construction
implementation..
According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (2010), green
construction is an effort to produce buildings using environmentally friendly
processes, using resources efficiently during the building's life cycle from planning,
construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and even to demolition. . The
green construction movement is also synonymous with sustainability, which puts
 forward a balance between short-term benefits against long-term risks, with the
current form of business that does not damage future health, safety and well-being.
Therefore it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the application of the green
construction category in construction implementation in Indonesia, particularly in
Malang. This research will analyze the green construction category in the UM GKB
construction project. The instrument used to analyze green construction in this study
is a Greenship New Building rating system Version 1.2.

RESEARCH METHODS
Green Building Council Indonesia developed a Greenship standard assessment
criteria, which is classified into six categories. There are two types of criteria, first
are criteria classified as prerequisite-criteria and second are classified as
assessment-criteria. The prerequisite-criteria exist in each category and must be
fulfilled before further appraisal. Assessment-criteria are criteria that exist in each
category and the fulfillment of these criteria must be adjusted to the ability of the
building. Criteria consist of one or more than one indicator and the scores of
indicators are different between one another. The number of assessment factors, or
categories, the criteria, and the indicators of green building are given in Table 1.

TABLE 1. Categories in Greenship Measurement og GBCI

Number of Criteria Number of indicator
Categories
Prerequistie Assessment Indicators Scores
Appropriate Site Development/ASD 2 7 18 16
Energy Effiency and Conservation/EEC 2 7 15 36
Water Conservation/WAC 0 9 11 20
Material Resource and Cycle/MRC 3 5 9 12
Indoor Health and Comfort/IHC 1 7 14 20
Building Environment Management/BEM 1 5 9 13
Total 9 40 76 117
Sources: GBCI, 2010
 There are several requirements for the feasibility of a building to be a green
building as assessed with a Greenship rating from the GCBI. Before the certification
process, the project must meet certain requirements such as (1) minimum building
area must be 2500 m2 , (2) building must function in accordance with its
designation according to local government planning, (3) building must have an
environmental management plan and environmental monitoring, (4) building
specifications must be compliant with earthquake resistance standards, (5) building
must be compliant to fire safety standards, (6) conformity of buildings to disability
accessibility standards, and (7) availability of building data to be accessed by GBCI
related to certification.
There are four stages of green building measurements as describe in Fig. 1. The
first stage was analysis of the prerequisite criteria. If the analysis results conclude
that criteria requirements have not met the standard yet, then the score of the criteria
cannot be evaluated. In a real assessment, the green building assessment process
cannot proceed further. But in this study, if there were prerequisite criteria that did
not meet the requirement, then they were assumed to be fulfilled later. The
prerequisite criteria for each category are given in Table 2.

Stage 1. If these criteria can’t be met, the criteria and benchmarks that exist
Examine the prerequisite of within a category can’t be evaluated and the green building
assesment assessment procces can’t proceed

Stage 2. Assessment is done by analysis of sustainable of industrial

Perform an assesment to engineering building condition and management of building
dtermining greenship rating management with reference to Greenship Building ver.1.2 from GBCI

This rating is based on the acquisition value of the conformity analysis

Stage 3.
of the condition of the building and its management with the standart
Determining greenship
GBCI greenship criteria. There are 4 rating: bronze, silver, gold and
rating
platinum

Stage 4. Recommendations aim to increase greenish levels. Recommendations

Evalution and formulation of are based on the assessment of criteria and on the basis of collecting

recommendations expert opinions.

FIGURE 1. The Stage of Research

Method
 Category Prerequisite Criteria Assessment Indicators
I Basic Green Area The existence of a landscaping area in the form
of vegetation (softscape) which is free from
building structures and simple hardscape
structures above the ground or below ground.
II Electrical Sub Metering Install a kWh meter to measure electricity
consumption in each load group and
equipment system,
OOTV Calculation Calculating by means of OTTV calculations
based on SNI 03-6389- 2011 or the latest
edition of SNI concerning the Conservation of
Building Envelope Energy in Buildings
III Water Metering Installation of a water meter (volume meter)
which is placed in a certain location in the
water distribution system,
Water Calculation Fill out the GBCI standard water worksheet
that has been provided.
IV Fundamental refrigerant Does not use chloro fluoro-carbon (CFC) as
refrigerant and halon as a fire extinguisher
V Outdor Air Introduction Room design that shows the potential for the
introduction of minimal outdoor air according
to ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 or the latest
edition of the ASHRAE Standard.
VI Basic Waste Management The existence of an installation or facility to
sort and collect household-like waste (Law
No. 18 of 2008) based on the type of organic,
inorganic, and B3

The second stage was to conduct an assessment of the building using the
Greenship criteria for new building ver. 1.2. Data coleection was done by
conducting interview some Civil Enginering department lectures, employes,
students, and building designer, who were perceived to understand the design and
operational management of the building. The result of interviews were then
perceived as a score. This was done for all assessment indicators, the result were
theb analysed by gap analysis to determine the score of the building and compare it
to the Greenship standart.
The third stage was the determine the category of the building on the Greenshio
rating. There are four categories : bronze, silver, gold, and platinum. The building
gets a bronze category if the score of assessment reaches 41 points, silver category
for 53 points, gold category for 66 points, and platinum category with 83 points.
The maximum score is 117 points. The fourth stage was evaluating the results to
formulate some recommendations. Recommendations were based on research
findings and deep interviews with green building experts.
 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Results of prerequisite criteria analysis showed that almost all of the prerequisites
in this category had not been fulfilled yet. Some documents or programs in the
prerequisite criteria were not owned or created yet by the management of the
building. This means that the building was not ready for the green building
assessment process. Second step was to assess the building according to six
categories, each category consisted of some aspect shown on Table 1.

Appropriate Site Development (ASD)

The GKB (Lecture Theatre Complex) UM reached of 12 from 16 possible in
Appropriate Site Developmnet (ASD) category, which consisted of seven category.
The building got a 2 score on Site Selection, 2 score on Community Accesibility,
2 score on Public Transportation,
Assesment Requirement Score
Criteria
Site Selection • The development area of at least 8 city facilities
infrastructure 2
• Revitalization and development of land that is
negative and unused

Community • There are 7 public facilities as far as 1500 from the

Accesibility site 2
• Opening of walking access from secondary road to
public facilities

Public • There is a bus stop or public transport station within

Transportation 300 m from the gate of the building site 2
• Providing a pedestrian path in the building area to
the bus stop.

Bicycle • There is a bicycle park with 20 - 100 bicycles per

facility parking unit. 1

Site • The existence of a landscape with an area of at least

Landscaping 40% of the total land area
• Addition of 5% of the total land area receives 1 value 2
• The use of plants that have been cultivated locally
on a provincial scale, as much as 60% of the adult
crown area of the landscape area
Micro Climate • Using a variety of materials to avoid the heat island
effect on roof and non-roof areas
• Landscape design showing protection from heat due
to solar radiation 3
Stormwater • There are efforts to reduce environmental flood load
Management from outside the construction site
• Using technologies that can reduce the discharge of
rainwater runoff
Total 12

Energy Efficiency and Convervation (EEC)

Assesment
Requirement Score
Criteria
Energy • Using separate calculations per component, namely
Efficiency OOTV value, artificial lighting, vertical 9
Measures transportation, air conditioning system

Natural • Optimal use of natural light so that at least 30% of

Lighting the floor area used for work gets a minimum natural
light intensity of 30 lux. 2
• The presence of a lux sensor for automation of
artificial lighting

Ventilation • Does not condition (does not provide air

conditioning) toilets, stairs, corridors and elevator 1
lobbies, and equips these rooms with natural or
mechanical ventilation

Climate • Submit a calculation of CO2 emission reduction 0

Change
Impact

On Site • Using new and renewable energy sources. Every

renewable 0.5% of the electrical power needed by a building 5
energy that can be met by renewable energy sources earns 1
point
Total 17

Water Conversation (WAC) 21

Assessment
Requirement Score
Criteria
Water Use • Consumption of clean water amounts to 80% of
Reduction primary sources
• A decrease in clean water consumption by 5% 5
obtains 1 value up to a maximum of 7 values
Water • Use of water features that are in accordance with
Fixtures the lower discharge capacity, totaling at least 75% 3
of the total water feature product procurement
Water • The use of all used water (gray water) that has
Recycling been recycled for the needs of the flushing and 3
cooling water system
Alternative • Use more than one water source from the three
Water alternatives 2
Resources
Rainwater • Provide installation of rainwater storage tanks
2
Harvesting with a capacity of 35%
Water • All water used for building irrigation does not
Efficiency come from groundwater / PDAM 0
Landscaping
Total 15

Material Resources and Cyclw (MRC) 14

Building and • Using old building materials / or other places

0
material Reuse at least 10% of the total material cost
Environmentally • Using materials that have a management
friendly system certificate of at least 30% of the total
Material material costs 2
• Using materials whose main raw materials
come from renewable resources
Non ODS Usage • Does not use ozone depleting substances 2
Certified Wood • Using wood that is legally certified
• 30% of the total material cost of the LEI or 2
FCS certificate
Prefab Material • Design using modular or prefabricated
3
materials at 30% of material cost
Regional • Using materials whose location of origin of
2
Material raw materials and their specifications are in
 Indonesia, at least 80% of the total material
cost
Total 11

Indoor Health and Comfort (IHC)

Co2 Monitoring • A room with a high density, i.e. <2.3 m2 per

person, is equipped with a carbon dioxide 1
(CO2) gas sensor installation
Environmental • Put up a sign "No Smoking in All Areas of the
Tobacco Smoke Building" and do not provide a special building 2
Control / smoking area in the building.
Chemical • Using paints and coatings that contain low
Pollutant levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
• Using composite wood products and
laminating adhesive on condition that it has
low formaldehyde emission levels, 3
• Using lamp material whose mercury content is
at the maximum tolerance approved by GBC
Indonesia and does not use materials
containing asbestos.
Outside View • When 75% of the net lettable area (NLA) faces
directly to the outside, which is bounded by a
1
transparent aperture when drawn in a straight
line. 1 1 IHC 5 Visual Comfort
Visual Comfort • Using lights with room illuminance 1
Thermal • Determine the planning of indoor thermal
Comfort conditions in general at a temperature of 250 C 1
and a relative humidity of 60%
Acoustic Level • The noise level in 90% of the nett lettable area
(NLA) is not more than or in accordance with 1
SNI 03-6386-2000
Total 10

Building Environment Management (BEM)

GP as a Member • Involving at least an expert who has been

1
of Project Team certified GREENSHIP Professional (GP),
Pollution of • Solid waste, by providing a collection area,
Contruction separation and recording system. Records are
Activity differentiated based on solid waste disposed of
2
to the landfill, reused and recycled by third
parties.
• Liquid waste, by maintaining the quality of all
 wastewater arising from construction activities
so as not to pollute city drainage
Advanced Waste • Treating building organic waste that is carried
Management out independently or in collaboration with third
parties so that it adds value to benefits and can
reduce environmental impacts
• Treating inorganic building waste that is 2
carried out independently or in collaboration
with third parties so that it adds value to
benefits and can reduce environmental
impacts.
Proper • Carry out testing-commissioning procedures in
Commisioning accordance with GBC Indonesia's instructions,
including related training to optimize the
suitability of functions and performance of
equipment / systems with planning and
references
3
• Ensure that all measuring adjusting
instruments have been installed at the time of
construction and pay attention to the
conformity between the design and technical
specifications related to the proper
commissioning components
Greeen Building • Menyerahkan data implementasi green
Submisission building sesuai dengan form dari GBC 0
data Indonesia.
Fit Out • Have a letter of agreement with building
Agreement tenants (tenants) for buildings that are rented
1
out or POS for buildings that are used by
themselves,,
Occupant • Give a statement that the building owner will
Survey conduct a temperature and humidity survey no
later than 12 months after the date of
2
certification and submit a report on the survey
results no later than 15 months after the date of
certification to GBC Indonesia
Total 11