CE199L-1 Correlation Course 1 Subject 1: Applied Mathematics

PHYSICS
Newton’s Law of Motion: ∑ 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎

1. Superman must stop a train in 150 m to keep 120 km/h it from hitting a stalled car on
the tracks. If the train’s mass is 3.6 x 105 kg, how much force must he exert?

2. A woman stands on a bathroom scale in a motionless elevator. When the elevator begins
to move, the scale briefly reads only 0.75 of her regular weight. Calculate the
acceleration of the elevator, and find the direction of acceleration.

3. Two crates, of mass 65 kg and 125 kg, are in contact and at rest on a horizontal surface.
A 650-N force is exerted on the 65-kg crate. If the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.18,
calculate (a) the acceleration of the system, and (b) the force that each crate exerts on
the other. (c) Repeat with the crates reversed.

Circular Motion
v2
Radial (centripetal) Acceleration: a = ρ
Centripetal force: ∑ 𝐹𝑅 = 𝑚𝑎𝑅
4. A jet plane traveling 1890 kph pulls out of a dive by moving in an arc of radius 5.20
km. What is the plane’s acceleration?

5. A horizontal force of 310 N is exerted on a 2.0-kg ball as it rotates (at arm’s length)
uniformly in a horizontal circle of radius 0.90 m. Calculate the speed of the ball.

6. A 0.55-kg ball, attached to the end of a horizontal cord, is revolved in a circle of radius
1.3 m on a frictionless horizontal surface. If the cord will break when the tension in it
exceeds 75 N, what is the maximum speed the ball can have?

7. A car at the Indianapolis 500 accelerates uniformly from the pit area, going from rest to
in a semicircular arc with a radius of 220 m. Determine the tangential and radial
acceleration of the car when it is halfway through the arc, assuming constant tangential
acceleration.

Law of Gravitational Motion

𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
Gravitational Force, 𝐹𝐺 = 𝑟2

8. Two objects attract each other gravitationally with a force of 2.5 x 10-10 N when they
are 0.25 m apart. Their total mass is 4.00 kg. Find their individual masses.

9. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on the Moon, which has radius 1.74 x 106 m
and mass 7.35 x 1022 kg.

Work and Energy

Work: 𝑊 = 𝐹 × 𝑑
1
Kinetic Energy: 𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚𝑣2
2
Work-Energy Principle: 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 = ∆𝐾𝐸
Potential Energy: 𝑃𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
Potential Energy of Elastic Spring: 𝑃𝐸 = 0 . 5 𝑘𝑥 2
Conservation of Mechanical Energy: 𝐾𝐸1 + 𝑃𝐸1 = 𝐾𝐸2 + 𝑃𝐸2
CE199L-1 Correlation Course 1 Subject 1: Applied Mathematics

10. How much work did the movers do (horizontally) pushing a 46.0-kg crate 10.3 m across
a rough floor without acceleration, if the effective coefficient of friction was 0.50?
11. What is the minimum work needed to push a 950-kg car 710 m up along a 9.0° incline?
Ignore friction.
12. How much work must be done to stop a 925-kg car traveling at 95 km/h?

13. By how much does the gravitational potential energy of a 54-kg pole vaulter change if
her center of mass rises about 4.0 m during the jump?
14. A spring has a spring constant k of 88 m/s. How much must this spring be compressed
to store 45.0 J of potential energy?
15. A spring with k = 83 N/m hangs vertically next to a ruler. The end of the spring is next
to the 15-cm mark on the ruler. If a 2.5-kg mass is now attached to the end of the spring,
and the mass is allowed to fall, where will the end of the spring line up with the ruler
marks when the mass is at its lowest position?

Linear Momentum
- product of its mass and its velocity: 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣
The rate of change of momentum is equal to the net force applied to it.
∆𝑝 𝑚∆𝑣
𝐹= = = 𝑚𝑎 (Newton’s Second Law)
∆𝑡 ∆𝑡

Impulse-Momentum
Impulse = F∆𝑡=∆𝑝
16. Calculate the force exerted on a rocket when the propelling gases are being expelled at
a rate of with a 1300 kg/s speed of 4.5 x 104 m/s.
17. What is the magnitude of the momentum of a 28-g sparrow flying with a speed of 8.4
m/s?
18. A 0.145-kg baseball pitched at 31.0 m/s is hit on a horizontal line drive straight back at
the pitcher at 46.0 m/s. If the contact time between bat and ball is 5 x 10 -3 s, calculate
the force (assumed to be constant) between the ball and bat.95 km/h?

Conservation of Momentum
momentum before = momentum after
𝑚𝐴𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵 = 𝑚𝐴𝑣′𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣′𝐵
Collision
Perfectly Inelastic: e = 0
Perfectly Elastic: e = 1
Elastic/Inelastic: 0 < e < 1
19. A 22-g bullet traveling 240 m/s penetrates a 2.0-kg block of wood and emerges going
150 m/s. If the block is stationary on a frictionless surface when hit, how fast does it
move after the bullet emerges?
20. A 10,000-kg railroad car, A, traveling at a speed of 24.0 m/s strikes an identical car, B,at
rest. If the cars lock together as a result of the collision, what is their common speed just
afterward?
Rotational Motion
A carousel is initially at rest. At t = 0 it is given a constant angular acceleration
21. α =0.060 rad/s2, which increases its angular velocity for 8.0 s. At t = 8.0 s, determine the
angular velocity of the carousel.
22. In the previous problem, determine the linear velocity of a child located 2.5 m from the
center.
23. A centrifuge rotor is accelerated for 30 s from rest to 20,000 rpm (revolutions per
minute). What is its average angular acceleration?
CE199L-1 Correlation Course 1 Subject 1: Applied Mathematics
Practice Problems

1. What average net force is required to bring a 1500-kg car to rest from a speed of 100 kph within a distance
of 55 m?
A. 10.5 kN C.
B. D.

2. Our 10.0-kg mystery box rests on a horizontal floor. The coefficient of static friction is 0.40 and the
coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.30. Determine the acceleration on the box if a horizontal applied force
is exerted on it of magnitude 40 N.
A. 1.06 m/s2 C.
B. D.

3. A small mass hangs from a thin string and can swing like a pendulum. You attach it above the window
of your car. When the car is at rest, the string hangs vertically. What angle with respect to the vertical
axis does the string make when the car accelerates at a constant 1.2 m/s2
A. 14.0º C. 6.2º
B. 12.4º D. 7.0º

4. The Moon’s nearly circular orbit around the Earth has a radius of about 384,000 km and a period T of
27.3 days. Determine the acceleration of the moon toward the Earth.
A. 2.12 x 10-3 m/s2 C. 4.39 x 10-3 m/s2
B. 2.72 x 10-3 m/s2 D. 6.52 x 10-3 m/s2

5. A 50-kg person and a 70-kg person are sitting on a bench close to each other. Estimate the magnitude of
the gravitational force each exerts on the other. Assume the distance between the centers of the two people
is half of a meter (about as close as you can get).
A. 10^-6 N C. 14^-7 N
B. 9.2^-7 N D. 12.5^-2 N

6. A person pulls a 50-kg crate 40 m along a horizontal floor by a constant force of 100N which acts at a
37° angle. The floor is rough and exerts a friction force of 50 N. Determine the net work done on the
crate.
A. 1127 J C. 2514 J
B. 1725 J D. 1195 J

7. A dart of mass 0.100 kg is pressed against the spring of a toy dart gun . The spring, with spring stiffness
constant k = 250 N/m and ignorable mass, is compressed 6.0 cm and released. If the dart detaches from
the spring when the spring reaches its natural length what speed does the dart acquire?
A. 5 m/s C. 4 m/s
B. 2 m/s D. 3 m/s

8. A golf ball of mass 0.045 kg is hit off the tee at a speed of 38 m/s. The golf club was in contact with the
ball for 3.5 x 10-3 s. Find the impulse imparted to the golf ball.
A. 2.82 kg-m/s C. 2.12 kg-m/s
B. 1.14 kg-m/s D. 1.71 kg-m/s

9. A 23-g bullet traveling at 230 m/s penetrates a 2.0-kg block of wood and emerges clearly at 170 m/s. If
the block is stationary by a frictionless surface when hit, how fast does it move after the bullet emerges?
A. 1.69 m/s C. 0.69 m/s
B. 1.96 m/s D. 0.96 m/s

10. A 10,000-kg railroad car, A, traveling at a speed of 24.0 m/s strikes an identical car, B, at rest. If the cars
lock together as a result of the collision, what is their common speed just afterward?
A. 24 m/s C. 18 m/s
B. 6 m/s D. 12 m/s