COORDINATE GEOMETRY

What We Know?
x-axis is the horizontal axis
y-axis is the vertical axis

(X2, y2)

(x1, y1)

MID POINT
Mid-point of a straight line is half the sum of the two x-coordinates or the
two y-coordinates.

𝑥1 + 𝑥2, 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑀=( )
2 2

EXAMPLES
1) If A= (3,4) and B=(7,6) , calculate the coordinates of the mid-point of
AB
2) If P= (1,-3) and Q = (3, 4), calculate the coordinates of the mid-point of
PQ.
3) Given that A (2, 3) and M (4, 5), where M is the midpoint of AB. Find
the coordinates of B.
4) If P= (6,-1) and Q = (2, 7) are the end point of a line segment PQ.
Calculate the coordinates of the midpoint M
GRADIENT
The gradient or slope (m) is the measure of steepness of a line.
𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑦 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚= =
𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
Questions
5) Calculate the gradient of a line joining the two points (1,4) and (6,7)
6) If P= (6,-1) and Q= (2, 7) are the end point of a line segment PQ.
Determine the gradient of PQ.

EQUATION OF PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

y-y1= m(x-x1).

Gradient of perpendicular lines is the negative inverse of the straight line

Questions
7) If P= (6,-1) and Q= (2 ,7) are the end point of a line segment PQ.
Calculate the equation of the perpendicular bisector of PQ

PAST PAPERS
Jan 2019-Q4b
Jan 2018 Q4a
May 2012 Q5b
JAN 2019 Q4b
JAN 2018 Q4a

JAN 2017 4b
MAY 2012 Q5b
ANSWER SHEET
1) M= (3+7 /2), (4+6/2)= (5, 5)
2) M= (1+3/2), (-3+4)= (2,0.5)
3) B= (4x2 -2), (5x2-3)= (6,7)
4) M= (6+2/2), (-1+7/2)= (4,3)
5) m= 7-4/6-1 = 3/5
6) m=7-(-1)/2-6= 7+ 1/-4= -2

JAN 2019
4b