In examining how cognitive biases contribute to stereotyped views of social groups, the chapter

makes the argument that perceived intergroup disparities may have their origins in cognitive
processes. It emphasizes the enduring nature of stereotypes and how they affect how information
regarding stereotyped groups is encoded, interpreted, retained, and retrieved. Changing these
biases to lessen their effectiveness is another difficulty covered in this chapter. (Haselton et.al
2015). Friedman & Hershey (2023) stated that, It is evident that logical behavior is not
exhibited by people in all situations. They may like to make a snap decision or occasionally be
inundated with information. They might become dependent on heuristics, or "rules of thumb," as
a result of this. Researchers have found at least 175 cognitive biases that are frequently caused
by these cognitive shortcuts. Many of these biases are discussed in this work, beginning with the
actor-observer bias and concluding with the zero-risk bias. It also explains how to go past
obstacles and make better decisions as a result. Additionaly, Cognitive biases are systematic
cognitive dispositions that don't align with logic, probability reasoning, and plausibility. They
form the basis of human judgment, decision making, and behavior. Psychological and neuro-
evolutionary frameworks explain biases as a result of the brain's inherent design characteristics,
primarily for survival (Korteling, J.E. & Toet, A. (2020).

According to Basanovic et al. ( 2020), Major depression can be well treated, although recurrence
is common and efficacy is not ideal. Though there aren't many solutions available right now,
effective preventive measures could lessen the disorder's related disability. An innovative and
secure method that reduces prejudices connected to depression is called cognitive bias
modification. The purpose of this study was to determine whether providing a cognitive bias
modification program aimed at reducing negative cognitive biases to persons exhibiting
subthreshold depressive symptoms over a one-year period would reduce the occurrence of severe
depression. Additionally, Starting from the systematic analysis of existing studies, we developed
a framework in which we highlight the key components of decision-making and also the
different nature of biases affecting the strategic decisions. Especially, as shown in the following
sections, we found that many scholars focused on cognitive biases considered “useful
measurements for detecting process improvement actions (Acciarini et al. 2021). In Addition ,
Behavioral intention to use a decision aid in high-stress contexts, like healthcare, is examined in
the sixth and final paper, "Cognitive bias and decision aid use under stressful conditions," which
looks into mediating factors. The analysis reveals that the environment is a barrier and adversely
relates to behavioral intention to use the decision aid, and that the perceived personal risk to the
decision maker is positively associated to attitude toward the technology. Under pressure,
cognitive biases like overconfidence can justify disregarding a decision aid when the decision
context comprises professionals with experience in making comparable choices. (Gloria Phillips-
Wren et al. 2019).
Basanovic, J., Grafton, B., Ford, A., Hirani, V., Glance, D., MacLeod, C., & Almeida, O. (2020).
Cognitive bias modification to prevent depression (COPE): Results of a randomised controlled
trial. Psychological Medicine, 50(15), 2514-2525. doi:10.1017/S0033291719002599

Acciarini, C., Brunetta, F., & Boccardelli, P. (2021). Cognitive biases and decision-making
strategies in times of change: a systematic literature review. Management Decision, 59(3), 638-
652.

Gloria Phillips-Wren, Daniel J. Power & Manuel Mora (2019) Cognitive bias, decision styles,
and risk attitudes in decision making and DSS, Journal of Decision Systems, 28:2, 63-
66, DOI: 10.1080/12460125.2019.1646509