CIV 3102

DESIGN OF STRUCTURES 1
(CONCRETE)

Lecture 16:
Design of Columns
Design of Braced Slender Columns
 Design of Braced Slender Columns
If λ > λlim, the column is slender and the slenderness
effects (2nd order effects) can not be ignored

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 Design of Braced Slender Columns
For slender columns, critical conditions may occur at the
top, middle or bottom of the column.

For slender columns, critical conditions may occur at the

top, middle or bottom of the column.

The design moment is the largest of the three moments at

these positions.

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Design of Braced Slender Columns

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Design of Braced Slender Columns

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Design of Braced Slender Columns

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 Example 3
Determine if column PQ should be designed for second order
effects assuming it resists the design loads and moment
shown, and thereafter design the column assuming the structure
is non-sway. Consider fck = 25N/mm2, φeff = 0.87 and cnom = 30
mm.

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 Solution
• Classification of the column:
Effective Length, l0
Clear column height, l = 7000 – 550 = 6450 mm
l0 = 0.75l = 0.75×6450 = 4837.5 mm

Slenderness ratio
λ = l0 / i
i = h/√12 = 275/√12 = 79.4 mm
λ = 4837.5 / 79.4 = 60.9

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 Solution
Limiting slenderness ratio
λlim = 20ABC / √n
A = 1/(1+0.2φef) = 1/(1 + 0.2×0.87) = 0.85
B = 1.1
C = 1.7 – rm,
rm = M01 / M02 = -27.5/55 = -0.5
Thus C = 1.7 – -0.5= 2.2
n = NEd / (Acfcd)
fcd = αccfck/γc = 0.85×25/1.5 = 14.2 N/mm2
n = 696×103 / (275×275×14.2) = 0.65
λlim = 20×0.85×1.1×2.2 / √0.65
= 51.0 < λ, second order effects must be considered
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 Solution
• Design Bending Moment:
MEd = max (Moe + M2 ; M02Ed ; M01Ed + 0.5M2)
where,
Moe = (0.6M02Ed + 0.4M01Ed ≥ 0.4M02Ed)
M2 = e2NEd

Frame analysis moments combined with moments due to

imperfections (cl. 5.2 & 6.1(4))
Eccentricity due to geometric imperfections (y-axis); eiy
eiy = max (loy/400, h/30, 20 mm) = 20 mm

Design moment, M01Ed = -27.5 + 0.02×696 = -13.6 kNm

Design moment, M02Ed = 55.0 + 0.02×696 = 68.9 kNm

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 Solution
Design bending moment (cl. 5.8.8.2)
Moe = 0.6M02Ed + 0.4M01Ed ≥ 0.4M02Ed
= 0.6×68.9 + 0.4×-13.6 ≥ 0.4×68.9
= 35.9 kNm

Local second order bending moment (Cl 5.8.8.2 & 5.8.8.3)

M2 = e2NEd , where e2 is the eccentricity.

Value of 1/r:

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 Solution

As = Area of reinforcement (Assume 4H20 (As,prov = 1260 mm2 ))

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Solution

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 Solution
From M2 = e2NEd,
M2 = (40.7/1000)×696 = 28.3 kNm

MEd = max (Moe + M2 ; M02Ed ; M01Ed + 0.5M2)

= max (35.9 + 28.3 ; 68.9 ; -13.6 + 0.5×-28.3) = 68.9 kNm

• Chart
Chart ratio = d2/h = 50.5/275 = 0.18 (Use chart for d2/h = 0.2)
Axial load ratio = NEd / bhfck = 0.37
Bending moment ratio = MEd / bh2fck = 0.13

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Solution

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 Solution
From chart, Asfyk / bhfck = 0.34
As = 0.34×275×275×25 / 500 = 1285.6 mm2
Provide 4H25 bars (As,prov = 1960 mm2)

• As,max = 0.04Ac = 0.04×275×275 = 3,025 mm2 > As,prov. PASS

• As,min = 0.1NEd / fyd ≥ 0.002Ac = 0.1×696×103/435 ≥ 0.002×275×275
= 151.3 mm2 < As,prov. PASS

Links:
Link diameter ≥ (ϕbar/4, 6 mm); Take 8 mm
Vertical spacing ≤ (12ϕbar, 0.6b, 240 mm) = 165 mm; Take 150 mm
Therefore provide H8 links at a spacing of 150 mm.

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