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PHYSICAL SCIENCE NET - DECEMBER 2013 (BOOKLET-C)

Part-A
1. A cylinder of radius 1 cm and height 1 cm is broken into three pieces. Which of the following MUST be true?
(1) At least one pieces has volume equal to 1 cm3.
(2) At least two pieces have equal volumes.
(3) At least one piece has volume less than 1 cm3.
(4) At least one piece has volume greater than 1 cm3.
Soln. Radius of cylinder = 1 cm
height = 1 cm
Hence, volume =  12 1  3.14 cm3
3.24
We can divide it 3 equal part then volume of one part   1.046 cm3
3
Then, it is clear that at least one piece has volume greater than 1 cm3.
Correct answer is (4)
2
2. For real numbers x and y, x 2   y  4   0 . Then the vlaue of x + y is
(1) 0 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4) 4

2 2
Soln. We know that if a  b  0 then both term should equal to zero.
2 2
 x2   y  4   0  x 2  0 and  y  4   0
 x  0 and y  4  0  y4
then x  y  0  4  4
3. Every time a ball falls to ground, it bounces back to half the height it fell from. A ball is dropped from a height
of 1024 cm. The maximum height from the ground to which it can rise after the tenth bounce is
(1) 102.4 cm (2) 1.24 cm (3) 1 cm (4) 2 cm
Soln. The question is related to G.P.
1
If ball is dropped from height of 1024 cm, then after bounce it will jumped 1024 
 512 , on second jump
2
1 1 1
 512   256 , on third  256   128 ............ and on 10th bounce = 2   1 cm
2 2 2
4. A farmer gives 7 full, 7 half-full and 7 empty bottles of honey to his three sons and asks them to share these
among themselves such that each of them gets the same amount of honey and the same number of bottles. In
how many ways can this be done? (bottles cannot be distinghuished otherwise, they are sealed and cannot be
broken)
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
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2
Soln. Every son get 7 bottle and 3.5 unit honey.
I II III
1/2 1/2 1/2
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1/2 1/2
0 1/2 1/2
0 0 0
0 0 0
Since II and III are same. So, distribution is possible only 3 different ways.
5. A car is moving aloing a straight track. Its speed is changing with time as shown above.
Which of the following statement is correct?
speed
(1) The speed is never zero
(2) The acceleration is zero once on the path
(3) The distance covered initially increases and then decerases. O
(4) The car comes back to its initial position once. O time
Soln. Since graph firstly increasing and then decreased. Then it is clear that the acceleration is zero once on the path.
6. If a + b + c + d + e = 10 (all positive numbers), then the maximum value of a×b×c×d×e is
(1) 12 (2) 32 (3) 48 (4) 72
Soln. If we take different values of a, b, c, d, e according to condition. We see that the value is maximum when value
of all are equal as 2×2×2×2×2 = 32
7. How many nine-digit positive integers are there, the sum of squares of whose digits are 2?
(1) 8 (2) 9 (3) 10 (4) 11
Soln. Since sum is equal to 2. Then it is clear that number contain digit less than 2, i.e., either 1 or 0. Hence, number
be
1 1 0000000
We can rotate the blocked digit in 8 different places. Hence, numbers are 8.
8. A circle of radius 7 units lying in the fourth quadrant touches the x-axis at (10, 0). The centre of the circle has
coordinates.
(1) (7, 7) (2) (–10, 7) (3) (10, –7) (4) (7, –7)
Soln. Since, circle is located at 4th quardrant. Hence value of ‘x’ is negative and y is positive. Therefore, only (c)
option satisfies the condition.
9. One of the four A, B, C and D committed a crime. A said, “I did it,” B said, “I didn’t.” C said, “B did it.” D said,
“A did it.” Who is lying?
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Soln. The statement of A is satisfied by B and D but not satisfied by C. So, C is lying.
3
10. A cylinder of radius 1 cm and height 1 cm is broken into three pieces. Which of the following MUST be true?
(1) At least one pieces has volume equal to 1 cm3.
(2) At least two pieces have equal volumes.
(3) At least one piece has volume less than 1 cm3.
(4) At least one piece has volume greater than 1 cm3.
Soln. Radius of cylinder = 1 cm
height = 1 cm
Hence, volume =  12 1  3.14 cm3
3.24
We can divide it 3 equal part then volume of one part   1.046 cm3
3
Then, it is clear that at least one piece has volume greater than 1 cm3.
11. There are 2 hills, A and B, in a region. If hill A is located N30ºE of hill B, what will be the direction of hill B when
observed from hill A? (N 30ºE means 30º from month towards east).
(1) S 30ºW (2) S 60ºW (3) S 30ºE (4) S 60ºE
N N
A N30ºE
30º
Soln. A
W E W E
B
30º
B
530ºW
S S

12. What is the next number in the following sequence?
39, 42, 46, 50, ....................
(1) 52 (2) 53 (3) 54 (4) 55
+7 +8 +9
Soln.
36, 42, 46, 50, 55
given series is alternative increasing.
13. What is the perimeter of the given figure as above, where adjacent sides are at right angles to each other?
5cm
4cm
1cm
(1) 20 cm (2) 18 cm (3) 21 cm (4) cannot be determined.
4
5 cm
A B
D AB = IF + FE + EJ = IJ (since, CD = EJ)
C
AH + HI = AI = BC + CJ = BJ (since, DE = CJ
4 cm
AB = IJ = AI = BJ = 5cm (since, HG = IF)
Soln. G Hence, perimeter = 20
H
1 cm
I F E J
from given figure.

14. Three fishermen caught fishes and went to sleep. One of them woke up, took away one fish and 1/3rd of the
remainder as his share, without others knowledge. Later, the three of them divided the remainder equally. How
many fishes were caught?
(1) 58 (2) 19 (3) 76 (4) 88
Soln. We will solve it by hit and trail method. According to condition after subtracting 1, remaining number should be
2
exactly divisible by 3 and also rd part of number again divisible by 3. From option (2)
3
18 12
19  1   6 and 18  6   4
3 3
1 1 1 1 1
15. What is the arithmetic mean of , , , ,....., ?
1 2 2  3 3  4 4  5 100  101
1 1
1 
(1) 0.01 (2) (3) 0.00111... (4) 49  50 50  51
101 2
Soln. The given number can be written as
 1 1 1 1 1  1 1 
 1   ,    ,    ,..........   
 2  2 3  3 4  100 101 
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1       ........  
Hence, Average = 2 2 3 3 4 100 101
100
 1  100 1
 1    100  
 101  101 100 101
16.  25  5  3  2  4  16  4  3 
(1) 61 (2) 22 (3) 41/24 (4) 16
Soln. By BODMAS
 25  5  3  2  4   16  4  3
 5  3  8    64  3
0  61  61
5
17. Consider the sequence of ordered sets of natural numbers:
{1}, {2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, .........
What is the last numbers in the 10th set?
(1) 10 (2) 19 (3) 55 (4) 67
Soln. Since first term contain one digit, second term contain two digit, 3rd three.
Hence, it is A.P. i.e. 1, 2, 3, .......10th term
10 10
then S10   2 1  10  11  11  55
2 2
th
Hence, last digit of 10 term = 55
18. A student buys a book from an online shop at 20% discount. His friend buys another copy of the same book
in a book fair for Rs. 192 paying 20% less than his friend. What is the full price of the book?
(1) Rs. 275 (2) Rs. 300 (3) Rs. 320 (4) Rs. 392
Soln. Let the price of book = x rs.
100  20   x  80 4x
then price for student = x   rs
100 100 5
4 x 100  20 
and price for his friend =   1920
5 100
192  5  100
 x  300 rs
80  4
19. 366 players participate in a knock-out tournament. In each round all competing players pair together and play
a match, the winner of each match moving to the next round. If at the end of a round there is an odd number of
winners, the unpaired one moves to the next round without playing a match. What is the total number of
matches played?
(1) 366 (2) 282 (3) 365 (4) 418
Soln. Whenever game is based on knockout system the number of matches for deciding the winner is less than one
of number of players. Hence, 366-1 = 365
20. What does the diagram above establish?
Note: The diagram is a circle inside a square.

(1)   3 (2)   2 2 (3)   4 (4)  is closer to 3 than to 4.
Soln. Let side of square = ‘a’ unit
A B
then radius of circle = 9/2 unit
Hence, area of square = a2
2 D C
a  a2
and area of circle =    
 2 4
Since, circle is incircle. Hence, area of square > area of circle.
6
 a2
a2   a2   a2  4
4
Part-B
21. A horizontal metal disc rotates about the vertical axis in a uniform magnetic field pointing up as shown in
the figure. A circuit is made by connecting one end A of a resistor to the centre of the disc and the other
end B to its edge through a sliding contact S. The current that flows through the resistor is
A B
(1) zero (2) DC from A to B

(3) DC from B to A (4) AC
  
 
Soln. Due to rotation force on electrons (negative charge) = f   v  B  towards axis of rotation 
Hence, centre is negatively charged and edge is positvely charged.

So, current will flow from B to A.
1 1 1  i 
22. A spin – particle is in the state     in the eigenbasis of S2 and Sz. If we measure Sz the
2 11  3 
 
probabilities of getting  and  , respectively, are
2 2
1 1 2 9 1 3
(1) and (2) and (3) 0 and 1 (4) and
2 2 11 11 11 11
1 1 1  i 
Soln. Given : A spin particle is in the state    
2 11  3 
  1  0
Measurement of Sz gives  and  with respective eigenbasis 1/2    and  1/2   
2 2 0 1 
Method-1:
1 1  i  1  0 1 i 3
Representing  3   C1  0   C2 1   C1  , C2 
11       11 11
  2 2 2 9
Probability of finding Sz as  and  are C1  and C2  respectively..
2 2 11 11
7
Method-2:
1 1  i 
Initial state of particle =  i   
11  3 
1  0 
Final state of particle =  f1    and  f2   
0 1 
  2 2 2 9
Probability of finding Sz as  and  are  f1 |  i  and  f 2 |  i  respectively..
2 2 11 11

23. Which of the following functions cannot be the real part of a complex analytic function of z  x  iy ?
(1) x 2 y (2) x 2  y 2 (3) x 3  3xy 2 (4) 3x 2 y  y  y 3
Soln. The real part and imaginary part of a complex analytic function of z  x  iy , will be harmonic in nature
i.e. both will be satisfy Laplace’s equation. Suppose, ‘u’ be the real part, then
 2u  2u
 0
x 2 y 2
Since,
   2  x2 y   2 y  0
 2 x2 y
x 2 y 2
24. The motion of a particle of mass m in one dimension is described by the Hamiltonian
p2 1
H  m2 x 2  x . What is the difference between the (quantized) energies of the first two levels?
2m 2
(In the following, x is the expectation value of x in the ground state)
2
(1)    x (2)    x (3)   (4) 
2m2
2
Soln. Given : Hamiltonian of the system : H  p  1 m 2 x 2  
2m 2 x
  Perturbed
Unperturbed Hamiltonian
Hamiltonian
First order correction to energy of the nth state.

En   n  x n    
1
n aˆ  aˆ † n  0
2m
Second order correction to energy of the nth state.
2
n x m
2
 
n aˆ  aˆ † m
En  
2
  2 
0 E  En   Em
 0
0 2m mn 0
m n En  m
8
The non-zero contribution comes only from m   n  1 and  n  1
 2 2
  2
En 
  2  n 1    n 

2
2m     2m 2
 
 1 2
En  En   En   En    n    
0 1 2
So,
 2 2m 2
Energy difference between two levels is
3 2   1 2 
 1 0  
E  E     
 
2 2
     
2
 2 2 m   2 m 
25. Let  nlm denote the eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian for a spherically symmetric potential V(r). The expectation
value of Lz in the state
1
  200  5  210  10  211  20  211  is
6 
5 5 5
(1)   (2)  (3)  (4) 
18 6 18
1
Soln. Given:    200  5  2100  10 211 20 211 
6
Since, Lˆz nm  m nm
1 5 10 20
Therefore, Lz   Pi  Lz i  36  0   36  0   36      36   
i
5
 Lz  
16
1
26. Three identical spin – fermions are to be distributed in two non-degenerate distinct energy levels. The
2
number of ways this can be done is
(1) 8 (2) 4 (3) 3 (4) 2
Soln. The maximum number of particles with spin’s can be filled in a non-degenerate energy level = 2s + 1.
Fermians are quantum particles and quantum identical particles are in general indistinguishable. If we include
the concept of indistinguishability then three identical spin-½ particles (fermians) can be distributed in two
non-degenerate distinct energy levels as
2-level 2-level
1-level 1-level
The number of ways = 2

9
On changing the direction of spin or orientation of spin, all the distribution will be identical. If we
include the concept of distinguishability due to spin or we distinguish the particles due to spin the 3-
identical particles with spin-½ can be distributed in two non-degenerate energy levels as
2-level 2-level
1-level 1-level
2-level 2-level
1-level 1-level
2-level 2-level
1-level 1-level
2-level 2-level
1-level 1-level
The number of ways = 8
But quantum identical particles are in general indistinguishable and there is no hint to consider particles
distinguishable.
27. Let A, B and C be functions of phase space variables (coordinates and momenta of a mechanical system).
If {,} represents the Poisson bracket, the value of {A,{B,C}} – {{A,B},C} is given by
(1) 0 (2) {B,{C,A}} (3) {A,{C,B}} (4) {{C,A},B}
Soln. y   A, B, C   A, B , C 
 y   A, B, C  C ,  A, B

Jacobi identity
 A, B, C  B, C , A  C ,  A, B  0
  A,  B, C  C ,  A, B   B, C , A
 y    B, C , A  C , A , B
28. If A, B and C are non-zero Hermitian operators, which of the following relations must be false?
(1) [A, B] = C (2) AB + BA = C (3) ABA = C (4) A+ B = C
Soln. Given : A†  A, B†  B, C †  C
†
C   A, B   AB  BA  C †   AB  BA  B† A†  A† B†  BA  AB  C
So, C = [A, B] is not hermitian.
10
29. The expression
 2 2 2 2  1
 2  2
 2
 2  2 2 2 2 is proportional to
 x1 x2 x3 x4  ( x1  x2  x3  x4 )
(1) ( x1  x2  x3  x4 ) (2) ( x1 )( x2 )( x3 )( x4 )
(3) ( x12  x22  x32  x42 ) 3/2 (4) ( x12  x22  x32  x42 ) 2
 
2  1    2 x1 
 2     2
Soln. x1  x1  x22  x32  x42  x1 

x12  x22  x32  x42  

 2 2
x
 1
 2 
 x2
2
 x3
2
 x4
2

 x1.2 x12  x22  x32  x42    2x1  
4 

 
x12  x22  x32  x42  

2

  
8 x12 x12  x22  x32  x42  2 x12  x22  x32  x42  
6 x12  2 x22  2 x32  2 x42
3
 x12  x22  x32  x42
4
  x12  x32  x22  x42 
2  1  6 x22  2 x12  2 x32  2 x42
 
Similary, x22  x12  x32  x22  x42  3
x12  x22  x32  x42  
and for others we can also calculate.
 2 2 2  2  1 
 2       0 for x , x , x , x  0
 x x 2
x 2
 x 2  2
x  x 2
 x 2
 x 2 1 2 3 4
 1 2 3 4  1 2 4 3 

 
dx  dx
30. Given that the integral    (y
0
2
y x 2
2 y , the value of 0
2
 x 2 ) 2 is
   
(1) (2) (3) (d)
y3 4y 3 8y 3 2y 3
 
dx 1 dx Imz
  
Soln. 2 2 2 2 2
0  y2  x    y2  x 
z = iy z = –iy
1
So, f  z   2 has poles of order ‘2’ at z  iy
 z2  y2  –R R Rez
Since, both poles are not on real axis, then given integral
1
I  2 i  Residue of f  z  at z  iy  
2
11
  
i  d  2 1   2  
   z  iy  2  
 i    3
 2  1!  dz  3
  
z2  y2  
 z iy
  z  iy  
z iy
4y

31. The force between two long and parallel wires carrying currents I1 and I2 and separated by a distance D
is proportional to
(1) I1I2 / D (2) (I1 + I2) / D (3) (I1 I2 / D)2 (4) I1 I2 / D2
µ0 I1I 2
Soln. Force per unit length on each wire is given by f 
4 D
I1 I2

1 2 3 4 5 6
32. A loaded dice has the probabilities , , , , and of turning up 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6,
21 21 21 21 21 21
respectively. If it is thrown twice, what is the probability that the sum of the numbers that turn up is even?
144 225 221 220
(1) (2) (3) (4)
441 441 441 441
Soln. If the loaded dice is thrown twice, the sum of the numbers that turnup will be even if both number will be
even or both will be odd.
Required probability = P(Even – Even) + P(Odd – Odd)
 12 12   9 9  225
=      
 21 21   21 21  441
2 2 z2
33. A particle moves in a potential V  x  y  . Which component (s) of the angular momentum is / are
2
constant (s) of motion?
(1) none (2) Lx, Ly and Lz (3) only Lx and Ly (4) only Lz
2 z2 2
Soln. Given V  x, y, z   x  y 
2
In polar co-ordinate (spherical polar)
 x  r cos  sin 
2 2r 2 cos 2   y  r sin  sin 
V  r sin   
2
 z  r cos 
12
Therefore, Lagrangian of system is
L=T–V
1 2 2 2 2 r 2 cos2 
 2
 2 2 2
L  m r  r   r sin   r sin  
2
 2
 is cyclic, therefore p is constant of motion.
p is equal to Lz. Therefore, Lz is constant of motion.
34. The Hamiltonian of a relativistic particle of rest mass m and momentum p is given by H  p 2  m2  V ( x) ,
in units in which the speed of light c = 1. The corresponding Lagrangian is
(1) L  m 1  x 2  V ( x) (2) L   m 1  x 2  V ( x )
1 2
(3) L  1  mx 2  V ( x) (4) L  mx  V ( x )
2
Soln. H p 2  m2  V  x 
This is Hamiltonian of a relationistic particle with c = 1. Its very well known that Lagrangian of a relativistic
particle is
L   mc 2 1  v 2 /c 2  V  x 
Taking v  x , and c  1 , we get
L   m 1  x 2  V  x 
35. A ring of mass m and radius R rolls (without slipping) down an inclined plane starting from rest. If the centre
of the ring is initially at a height h, the angular velocity when the ring reaches the base is
h

(1) g / (h  R) tan  (2) g / (h  R)
(3) g (h  R) / R 2 (4) 2 g / (h  R)
Soln. Let v = speed of the ring when it reaches the base.
2
1 2 1 2 1 2 v 1 2 2
Therefore, total K.E. of the ring  I   mv  .mR . 2  mv  mv
2 2 2 R 2
Height descended by the centre of the ring = h–R
Therefore, loss in P.E. = gain in K.E.
mg  h  R   mv 2
13
 v  g  h  R
V g h  R
Angular velocity   
R R2
36. Consider the op-amp circuit shown in the figure.
1F
1K
1K
– V0
Vi
+
If the input is a sinusoidal wave Vi  5sin(1000t ) , then the amplitude of the output V0 is
5 5 2
(1) (2) 5 (3) (4) 5 2
2 2
1 1
Soln. XC     Jk 
J C J 10  106
3
 J 1  J
Z F  X C ||1k  
1 J 1 J
 J 
  
V0  Z F  1 J 
 
Vi R 1
V0 J V0 1 V0 1
    
Vi 1  J Vi 11 Vi 2
Vi  5sin 100t  ,   103


Vi  5
1 5 5 2 5 2
 V0   Vi  V0   V0   V0 
2 2 2 2 2
37. If one of the inputs of a J-K flip flop is high and the other is low, then the outputs Q and Q
(1) oscillate between low and high in race-around condition
(2) toggle and the circuit acts like a T flip flop
(3) are opposite to the inputs
(4) follow the inputs and the circuit acts like an R-S flip flop
Soln. J-K flip-flop follow the I/P and the circuit acts like an R-S flip flop
14
J K Qn1
0 0 Qn
0 1 0
Through table of JK = 1 0 1
1 1 Qn
S R Qn1
0 0 Qn
0 1 0
Truth table of RS =
1 0 1
1 1 Invalid

38. Two monochromatic sources, L1, and L2, emit light at 600 and 700 nm, respectively. If their frequency
bandwidths are 10–1 and 10–3 GHz, respectively, then the ratio of linewidth of L1 and L2 is approximately
(1) 100 : 1 (2) 1 : 85 (3) 75 : 1 (4) 1 : 75
Soln. 1  600 nm, 2  700 nm

v1  101 GHz , v2  103 GHz
c c
v  v   v , where  is line width.
 2
2
v 2 1 v1  1 

    hence,  
c 2 v2  2 
1 101  600  3600

    75
2 103  700  49
39. Let (V, A) and (V , A) denote two sets of scalar and vector potentials, and  a scalar function. Which
of the following transformations leave the electric and magnetic fields (and hence Maxwell’s equations)
unchanged?
 
(1) A  A   and V  V  (2) A  A   and V   V  2
t t
 
(3) A  A   and V   V  (4) A  A  2 and V   V 
t t

 
Soln. We can choose different sets of v, A so that fields remains uncahnged after transformation.
  
If A '  A   then V '  V  d
dt
15
40. Consider the melting transition of ice into water at constant pressure. Which of the following thermodynamic
quantities does not exhibit a discontinuous change across the phase transition?
(1) internal energy (2) Helmholtz free energy
(3) Gibbs free energy (4) entropy
41. Two different thermodynamic systems are described by the following equations of state:
1 3RN (1) 1 5 RN (2)

 and (2)  where T (1,2) , N (1,2) and U (1,2) are respectively, the temperatures, the
T (1) 2U (1) T 2U (2)
mole numbers and the internal energies of the two systems, and R is the gas constant. Let U tot denote the
U (1)
total energy when these two systems are put in contact and attain thermal equilibrium. The ratio is
U tot
5 N (2) 3 N (1) N (1) N (2)

(1) (2) (3) (4)
3N (1)  5 N (2) 3N (1)  5 N (2) N (1)  N (2) N (1)  N (2)
Soln. Let T 1 & T  2  and U 1 & U  2  be the temperature and internal energies of first and second system
respectively. When both systems are in thermal equilibrium.
When both of the systems are in thermal contact then energy exchange takes place as
U    U    U    U    U total  constant
1 2 1 2
When both of the systems attain thermal equilibrium their temperatures become equal.
T  T 
1 2 (But T 1  T 1 & T  2   T  2  )
Then,
3 1 1
U 
1 N RT
3 N  T   3 N  T  
2 1 1 1 1
  
U tot 3 N 1 RT 1  5 N  2  RT  2 
3 N   RT    SN  T   3 N  T    5 N  T  
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
2 2
3N  T  
1 1
(as T 1  T  2  )

= T 1 3N 1  5 N  2 

U  T   3N  
1 1 1 
  
U tot T 1  3 N 1  5 N  2   this must be the correct answer..
 
If U 1 is the energy of first system in thermal equilibrium then
U  T    3N  
1 1 1  U  3N  
1 1
   
U tot T 1  3 N 1  5 N  2    U
3N    5 N  
1 2
  tot
16
42. The speed v of the molecules of mass m of an ideal gas obeys Maxwell’s velocity distribution law at an
equilibrium temperature T. Let (vx , v y , vz ) denote the components of the velocity and kB the Boltzmann
constant. The average value of (v x  v y ) 2 , where  and  are constants, is
(1) ( 2  2 )kT / m (2) ( 2  2 )kT / m (3) (  )2 kT / m (4) (  )2 kT / m
2
Soln.  vx   v y    2 vx2   2 v y2  2 vx v y
kT kT kT
2
m
 2
m

 2  2
m

 2 2 kT 
 vx  v y  m , vx  v y  0
 
43. The entropy S of a thermodynamic system as a function of energy E is given by the following graph
C
B
A
The temperatures of the phases A, B and C, denoted by TA, TB and TC, respectively, satisfy the following
inequalities:
(1) TC > TB > TA (2) TA > TC > TB (3) TB > TC > TA (4) TB > TA > TC
1  S 
Soln.  
T  E 
 S   S   S 
 E    E    E 
 A  E  B
TB  TC  TA
44. The physical phenomenon that cannot be used for memory storage applications is
(1) large variation in magnetoresistance as a function of applied magnetic field
(2) variation in magnetization of a ferromagnet as a function of applied magnetic field
(3) variation in polarization of a ferroelectric as a function of applied electric field
(4) variation in resistance of a metal as a function of applied electric field
Soln. Variation in resistance of metal as a function of electric field cannot store the memory.
17
45. Two identical Zener diodes are placed back to back in series and are connected to a variable DC power
supply. The best representation of the I-V characteristics of the circuit is
I I
v v
(1) (2)
I I
v v
(3) (4)
Soln. The best representation of the I-V characters of the circuit is  (with DC supply)
Vz
v
;
Vz

Part-C
46. A pendulum consists of a ring of mass M and radius R suspended by a massless rigid rod of length l
attached to its rim. When the pendulum oscillates in the plane of the ring, the time period of oscillation is
lR 2 2
(1) 2 (2) (l  R 2 )1/4
g g
2 R 2  2 Rl  l 2 2
(3) 2 (4) (2 R 2  2 Rl  l 2 )1/4
g (R  l ) g
Soln. This is a compound pendulum
l
I
 T  2
mg  0
Here, I = M.I. about point of suspension
 0 = distance of point of suspension from centre of gravity..
Here, I  I c  md 2
2
I  mR 2  m    R 
18
2
I  mR 2  m    R 
2
mR 2  m    R  2 R 2   2  2 R
 T  2 = 2
mg  R    g R  
47. Spherical particles of a given material of density p are released from rest inside a liquid medium of lower
density. The viscous drag force may be approximated by the Stoke’s law, i.e, Fd  6Rv , where  is
the viscosity of the medium, R the radius of a particle and v its instantaneous velocity. If ( m) is the time
taken by a particle of mass m to reach half its terminal velocity, then the ratio (8m) / ( m) is
(1) 8 (2) 1/8 (3) 4 (4) 1/4
Soln. Each particle has same density but different radii and masses. We have to calculate time of fall in terms of
mass of particle therefore we will write our equations explicitly in terms of mass and we will remove radius
from our equations wherever it appears.
Drag force on particles Fd
4 3 B
Fd  6Rv , Mass of a particle m  . R
3 mg
1/3 1/3 1/3
 3m   3m  1/3  3m 
R   Fd  6   v  Km v, where K  6  
 4   4   4 
If B is buoyancy force, then equation of motion of a particle is
dv 4 4  
m  mg  Fd  B where B = R 3g  R 3g .  mg ,  = density of medium
dt 3 3  
dv  dv  
m  mg  Km1/3v  mg , m  mg 1    Km1/3v
dt  dt  
dv  
or  g  1    Km 2/3v ... (a)
dt  
dv
when terminal velocity is reached 0
dt
 
g 1  
  
 0  g  1    Km2/3vt  vt   2/3  ...(b)
  Km
Now, if  be the time to reach half the terminal velocity then from (a)
    Km2/3 vt 
vt
2
dv
  g 1    
1  2
   dt ,  
2/3
ln   
  Km    
0
g  1    Km 2/3 v 0 g 1  
    
   
m 2/3 m2/3 ln 2
using value of vt from (b) we get,   ln 2 or (m) 
K K
 (8m) / (m)  (8m)2/3 / m 2/3  4
19
48. A system of N classical non-interacting particles, each of mass m, is at a temperature T and is confined
1 2
by the external potential V (r )  Ar (where A is a constant) in three dimensions. The internal energy of
2
the system is
3
(1) 3 Nk BT (2) Nk BT
2
A  k BT 
(3) N (2mA)3/ 2 k BT (4) N ln  
m  m 
1
Soln. The contribution of thermal energy with each quadratic term in hamiltonian is kT .
2
p2 1 2
The hamiltonian of a classical particle µ   Ar
2m 2
1
IN 3-D, hamiltonian has 6 quadratic term. So, the internal energy of a particle is 6  kT  3kT
2
The internal energy of a system of N particles = 3NkT.
Correct answer is
49. Consider a particle of mass m attached to two identical springs each of length l and spring constant k (see
the figure below). The equilibrium configuration is the one where the springs are unstretched. There are no
other external forces on the system. If the particle is given a small displacement along the x-axis, which of
the following describes the equation of motion for small oscillations?
0 x
kx 3 kx 2
(1) mx  0 (2) mx  kx  0 (3) mx  2kx  0 (4) mx  0
l2 l
F

x

Soln. F
2  x2
20
Let x be the displacement of particle along x-axis.
Therefore, net force on the particle along ‘x’ axis is
 2F cos 
 2 2 
Where, F  k  elongation=k    x   
 
Therefore, using Newton’s law we get Net force  mx

2F cos   mx
x
 2k   2  x 2    .  mx
  2  x 2
1/2 
 2kx 1   2  x 2
  
  mx

  1/2 
 x2    mx
 2kx 1  1  2 
    
   
Using binomial expansion {keep only upto x 2 term}
x2
We get, 2kx.  mx
22
kx3
 mx  0
2
Correct answer is (a).
50. If  ( x )  A exp( x 4 ) is the eigenfunction of a one dimensional Hamiltonian with eigenvalue E = 0, the
potential V(x) (in units where   2m  1 ) is
(1) 12x 2 (2) 16x 6 (3) 16x6 + 12x2 (4) 16x6 – 12x2
4
 
Soln. Given :   x   A exp  x is an eigenfunction of a 1-D hamiltonian with eigenvalue E = 0
 2 d 2
From 1-D Schrodinger equation,   V  0
2m dx 2
2 
 
2m 
    
Aexp  x 4 16 x 6  12 x 2   V  0
Taking   1, 2m  1   
 16 x6  12 x2  V  0
 V  x   16 x 6  12 x 2
21

51. The electric field of an electromagnetic wave is given by E  E0 cos[(0.3 x  0.4 y  1000t )]kˆ . The

associated magnetic field B is
(1) 103 E0 cos[(0.3 x  0.4 y  1000t )]kˆ (2) 104 E0 cos[(0.3 x  0.4 y  1000t )](4iˆ  3 ˆj )
(3) E0 cos[(0.3 x  0.4 y  1000t )](0.3iˆ  0.4 ˆj ) (4) 102 E0 cos[(0.3 x  0.4 y  1000t )](3iˆ  4 ˆj )
Soln. Electric field of an e.m. wave is given by

E  E0 cos   0.3 x  0.4 y  1000t   kˆ


Wave vector k is given by k   0.3iˆ  0.4 ˆj 
 
  k  E   0.3iˆ  0.4 ˆj  kˆ  E0 cos   0.3 x  0.4 y  1000t   kˆ
Hence, B  
 1000
3
 
= 10 0.3iˆ  0.4 ˆj E0 cos   0.3x  0.4 y  1000t   kˆ
52. The energy of an electron in a band as a function of its wave vector k is given by
E ( k )  E0  B (cos k x a  cos k y a  cos k z a ) , where E0 , B and a are constants. The effective mass of the
electron near the bottom of the band is
2 2 2 2 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3Ba 2 3Ba 2 2Ba 2 Ba 2
Soln. 
E  k   E0  B cos k x a  cos k y a  cos k z a 
Near the bottom of the band
 k 2 a 2   k 2 a 2   k 2 a 2    2 
E  k   E0  B  1  x    1 
y
   1  z   E0  B 3  a k x2  k y2  k z2 
 2   2   2   =  2 
   
a2 2  dE d 2E
E  k   E0  3B  B k  Ba 2 k  2
 Ba 2
2 dk dk
* 2
Effective mass, m 
Ba 2
53. A DC voltage V is applied across a Josephson junction between two superconductors with a phase
difference 0 . If I0 and k are constants that depend on the properties of the junction, the current flowing
through it has the form
 2eVt   2eVt 
(1) I 0 sin   0  (2) kV sin   0  (3) kV sin 0 (4) I 0 sin 0  kV
     
22
Soln. On the application of DC voltage. AC current flows across the junction and that is given by
 2evt 
I  I 0 sin   0 
  
 (       0 )
54. Consider the following ratios of the partial decay widths R1  and
 ( –   –   0 )
(     p )
R2  . If the effects of electromagnetic and weak interactions are neglected, then R1 and
( –   –  n)
R2 are, respectively,
(1) 1 and 2 (2) 1 and 2 (3) 2 and 1 (4) 1 and 1
55. The intrinsic electric dipole moment of a nucleus ZA X

(1) increases with Z, but independent of A (2) decreases with Z, but independent of A
(3) is always zero (4) increases with Z and A
56. According to the shell model, the total angular momentum (in units of  ) and the parity of the ground state
of the 37 Li nucleus is
3 3
(1) with negative parity (2) with positive parity
2 2
1 7
(3) with positive parity (4) with negative parity
2 2
57. A point charge q is placed symmetrically at a distance d from two perpendicularly placed grounded
conducting infinite plates as shown in the figure. The net force on the charge (in units of 1/ 4 0 ) is
d q
q2 q2
(1) (2 2  1) away from the corner (2) (2 2  1) towards the corner
8d 2 8d 2
q2 3q 2
(3) towards the corner (4) away from the corner
2 2d 2 8d 2
Soln. Force on charge +q will be attractive type
y F3
2 –q d
q +q
F1     xˆ  F1
 
4 0 4d 2
F2 d
x
q2
F2     yˆ 
 
4 0 4d 2
+q
–q
23
q2  xˆ  yˆ 
F3    
 
4 0 8d 2  2 
q2  xˆ yˆ 
Net force, F  F1  F2  F3   2 xˆ  2 yˆ  2  2 
 
4 0 8d 2  
q2  2 2  1   2 2  1  
   xˆ    yˆ 
 
4 0 8d 2  2   2  
q2
F  2 2 1 
 
4 0 8d 2 Towards the corner.

58. Let four point charges q, –q/2, q and –q/2 be placed at the vertices of a square of side a. Let another point
charge –q be placed at the centre of the square (see the figure).
–q/2 q
–q
q –q/2
Let V ( r ) be the electrostatic potential at a point P at a distance r >> a from the centre of the square. Then
V(2r) / V(r) is
1 1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
2 4 8
Soln. Monopole and dipole moment of the charge configuration is zero. Hence, potential at large distances
1 –q/2
r  a various as V  r  
+q
3
r
–q
V  2r  r3 1
1
Hence,   
V  r  8r 3 1 8 +q
–q/2
Correct answer is (d).

59. Let A and B be two vectors in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Under rotation, the tensor product
Tij  Ai B j
(1) reduces to a direct sum of three 3-dimensional representations
(2) is an irreducible 9-dimensional representation
(3) reduces to a direct sum of a 1-dimensional, a 3-dimensional and a 5-dimensional irreducible representations
(4) reduces to a direct sum of a 1-dimensional and an 8-dimensional irreducible representation
24
60. Fourier transform of the derivative of the Dirac  -function, namely ( x ) , is proportional to
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) sink (4) ik

1 ikx
Soln. Fourier transform of  '  x     ' x e dx
2 

Using the property of Dirac delta function  f  x   '  x  a  dx   f '  a 

1
So, F  '  x      ik   F  '  x    ik
2
61. A particle is in the ground state of an infinite square well potential given by,
 0 for  a  x  a
V ( x)  
 otherwise
a a
The probability to find the particle in the interval between  and is
2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
(1) (2)  (3)  (4)
2 2  2  
 0 for  a  x  a
Soln. Given : V ( x)  
 otherwise
Symmetrical infinite potential well of width ‘2a’
a a
Probability of finding the particle in the interval between  to is
2 2
a /2 a /2 a /2
1 2x 1    x 
P   '1 1dx   cos  2a  dx = 2a  1  cos  a  dx
a
 a /2  a /2  a /2
a /2
1  a   x  1  2a  1 1
  x  sin     a   
2a    a    a /2 2a    2 
62. The expectation value of the x-component of the orbital angular momentum Lx in the state
1
  3 2,1, 1  5 2,1,0  11 2,1, 1  (where  nlm are the eigenfunctions in usual notation), is
5
 10
(1)  ( 11  3) (2) 0
25
 10
(3) ( 11  3) (4)  2
25
25
1
Soln. Given :   3 2,1,1  5  2,1,0  11 2,1,1 
5
Lx   Lx 
1   1  L  L  
 3  2, 1, –1  5  2, 1, 0  11  2, 1, 1
5   2 

3 5 11 
  2, 1, 1   2,1,0   2,1,1 
5 5 5 
Now, we know, Lˆ nm     m    m  1  nm1

Lˆ nm     m    m  1 nm1
3 5 11 
 Lx    2,1,–1   2,1,0   2,1,1 
5 5 5 
1 3 5 5 11 
 2   2,1,0  2   2,1,1  2  2, 1, –1  2  2,1,0 
2 5 5 5 5 
1 5 3 11  1 3 5 11 1 5
 Lx  . 2     . . 2  . . 2
2 5  5 5  2 5 5 5 2 5
3 5 11 5  10

25
2 
25
2  
25
 11  3 
63. A particle is prepared in a simultaneous eigenstate of L2 and Lz. If (  1) 2 and m are respectively the
eigenvalues of L2 and Lz, then the expectation value L2x of the particle in this state satisfies
(1) L2x  0 (2) 0  L2x   2  2
2 (  1) 2  2 (  1) 2

(3) 0  Lx  (4)  L2x 
3 2 2
Soln. Lˆ2x  Lˆ2y  Lˆ2  Lˆ2z      1  2  m 2  2
2 2 2 1 2 2 2
Since, Lˆ x  Lˆ y then Lˆ x      1   m  
2
For a given l, m varies from –l to l.
1
Lˆ2x occurs when m  0  Lˆ2x      1 2
max max 2
1 2
Lˆ2x occurs when m    Lˆ2x  
min min 2
26
64. If the electrostatic potential V (r , , ) in a charge free region has the form
V ( r , , )  f ( r ) cos  , then the functional form of f ( r ) (in the following a and b are constants) is
2 b b b r
(1) ar  (2) ar  (3) ar  (4) a ln  
r r2 r b
Soln. Potential is given by V  r , ,    f  r  cos 

Laplace equation is given by
1   v  1   v 
 2V  r ,  ,    0  r
2 r  r 
 2  sin  0
r   r sin  r   
 2 1 

r

r f '  r  cos   
sin  
 sin  f  r   sin     0
2sin  cos  f  r 
 cos   r 2 f " r   2rf '  r    0
  sin 
 r 2 f " r   2rf '  r   2 f  r   0 ... (i)

The value of f(r) in option (b) satisfy the equation (i).
65. If A = iyz ˆ , then the integral
ˆ  ˆjxz  kxy  A.dl
C
(where C is along the perimeter of a rectangular area
bounded by x = 0, x = a and y = 0, y = b) is
1 3 3
(1) (a  b ) (2) (ab 2  a 2b) (c) (a 3  b3 ) (d) 0
2
  
Soln. A  yziˆ  xzjˆ  xykˆ    A  0 i.e. field is conservative.
 
Since, line integral of a conservative field along a closed path is zero, then  A.d   0
C
66. Consider an n  n(n  1) matrix A, in which Aij is the product of the indices i and j (namely Aij = ij). The
matrix A
(1) has one degenerate eigenvalue with degeneracy (n – 1)
(2) has two degenerate eigenvalues with degeneracies 2 and (n – 2)
(3) has one degenerate eigenvalue with degeneracy n
(4) does not have any degenerate eigenvalue
 1 2 3
Soln. Given : Aij  ij . So, for a 3×3 matrix A   2 4 6 
 3 6 9
 33
Since, the second row and third row is multiple of first row and the same is true for columns, then eigenvalue
of the matrix will be Tr(A), 0, 0 i.e. 14, 0, 0
‘0’ is a degenerate eigenvalue with degeneracy ‘2’
In general, matrix A (order ‘n’) has a degenerate eigenvalue with degeneracy ‘n–1’.
27
67. A child makes a random walk on a square lattice of lattice constant a taking a step in the north, east, south,
or west directions with probabilities 0.255, 0.255, 0.245, and 0.245, respectively. After a large number of
steps, N, the expected position of the child with respect to the starting point is at a distance
(1) 2 102 Na in the north-east direction (2) 2 N  102 a in the north-east direction
(3) 2 2 10 2 Na in the south-east direction (4) 0
Soln. Single step length = a i^  ^j
After a single step, the expected value of position of the child. N
2
 
x 1   Pi xi P=0.225
N
i a
 P=0.245 P=0.255
      
x 1  0.255 aiˆ  0.255 ajˆ  0.245  aiˆ  0.245  ajˆ   W
W
a
E
a
E

 x 1 
 0.01a iˆ  ˆj  P=0.245
S

After ‘n’ steps, x N 
 0.01 Na iˆ  ˆj  S

Expected position x N  2 102 Na (NORTH-EAST DIRECTION)
68. A Carnot cycle operates as a heat engine between two bodies of equal heat capacity until their temperatures
become equal. If the initial temperatures of the bodies are T1 and T2, respectively, and T1 > T2 then their
common final temperature is
1
(1) T12 / T2 (2) T22 / T1 (3) T1T2 (4) (T1  T2 )
2
Soln. Carnot cycle is reversible cycle so the entropy change must be zero.
S  0
Let the equilibrium temperature be T then
dT
T T dT
S  C   C 0
T1 T T2 T
T  T 
ln    ln    0
 T1   T2 
 T2 
ln  0 2
 T1T2   T  T1T2  T  T1T2
 
28
69. Three sets of data A, B and C from an experiment, represented by , and , are plotted on a log-
log scale. Each of these are fitted with straight lines as shown in the figure.
1000
100
y C
B
10
1
A
0.1
0.1 1 10 100 1000
x
The functional dependence y(x) for the sets A, B and C are, respectively
x
(1) x , x and x2 (2)  , x and 2x
2
1 1
(3) , x and x2 (4) , x and x2
x2 x
3
Soln. Plot of Data A :    m  tan  is between 0 and –1.
4

Plot of Data B :    m  tan   1
4
 
Plot of Data C :    m  tan  is >1
4 2
Since, datas are plotted on log-log scale and all passes through (1, 1) then the straight lines will be of the
nature, log y  m log x
Correct answer is (4).
70. A sample of Si has electron and hole mobilities of 0.13 and 0.05 m2/V-s respectively at 300K. It is doped
with P and Al with doping densities of 1.5 × 1021/m3 and 2.5 × 1021/m3 respectively. The conductivity of
the doped Si sample at 300K is
(1) 8 1m 1 (2) 32 1m 1 (3) 20.8 1m1 (4) 83.2 1m 1
Soln. Si doped with P and Al.
As doping of Al > doping of P.
Hence, semiconductor will behave as p-type semiconductor.
 
Majority carrier concentration 2.5  1021  1.5 1021  11021 /m3
The conductivity   pe µ p  11021 1.6  1019  8 1m 1

71. A 4-variable switching function is given by f  (5, 7,8,10,13,15)  d (0,1, 2) , where d is the do-not-care-
condition. The minimized form of f in sum of products (SOP) form is
(1) AC  BD (2) AB  CD (3) AD  BC (4) BD  BD
Soln. 4-variable switching function is given by
29
f  A, B, C , D     5, 7,8,10,13,15   d  0,1, 2 
CD
AB 00 01 11 10
00 X 0 X1 3 X2
01 4 15 1 7 6
11 12 113 115 14
10 1 8 9 11 110
There are two Quad.

 DB  DB
72. A perturbation Vpert = aL2 is added to the Hydrogen atom potential. The shift in the energy level of the
2P state, when the effects of spin are neglected up to second order in a, is
3 2 4
(4) a  a 
2
(1) 0 (2) 2a 2  a 2  4 (3) 2a 2
2
Soln. Method-1:
The energy corrected to second order
E  E    E   E 
0 1 2
The shift in energy  E  E 0  E 1  E  2 

where, E  0  = unperturbed energy
E   = first order correction in energy

1
E   = second order correction in energy

2
Perturbation, V pert  aL2

2p state of H-atom is 3-fold degenerate. Secular determinant to find first order correction in energy.
1,  1 aL2 1,  1  E  
1
1, 0 aL2 1, 0 1, 1 aL2 1, 1
1, 0 aL2 1, 0  E  
1
1, 0 aL2 1, 1 1, 0 aL2 1,  1 0
1,  1 aL2 1,  1  E  
1
1, 1 aL2 1,  1 1,  1 aL2 1, 0
2 2  E  
0
2 2 22
2 2  E    E    22
1 1
2 2 22 0
22  E  
1
2 2 2 2
The second order correction in energy for degenerate perturbation theory includes matrix element (that has
summation over non-deg states). There is no non-deg states, so E  2   0
The shift in energy = 2 2

30
Method-2:
Since the enery correction to the all degenerate states are equal. Therefore, we can use the non-degenerate
perturbation theory to solve the problem as follows.
Given : V pert  aLˆ2 is added to a hydrogen atom potential.
First order correction to energy of the 2p state  n  2,   1
En   2 P aLˆ2 2 P  a    1  2  2a 2

1
Second order correction to energy of the 2P state  n  2,   1
2 2
n aLˆ2 m 2 P aLˆ m
En  
2
   0
En   Em
 0 E2 P  Em
 0
0 0
mn m 2 P
Therefore, the shift in the energy level  En1  En 2   2a2

73. A gas laser cavity has been designed to operate at   0.5m with a cavity length of 1m. With this set-
up, the frequency is found to be larger than the desired frequency by 100 Hz. The change in the effective
length of the cavity required to retune the laser is
(1) –0.334 × 10–12 m (2) 0.334 × 10–12 m
(3) 0.167 × 10–12 m (4) –0.167 × 10–12 m
m
Soln. The separation between cavity mirros, d  where ‘m’ is mode number..
2
  0.5 µm, d  1m
m  0.5 10 6 20
 1 m 106
2 0.5
m  4 106
  
Charge in length of cavity, d  m  
 2 
c c
But, v  v   
 2
 2 m  2
     d  
c 2 c
0.5
 d   1012  d  0.167  1012 m
3
31
74. The spectroscopic symbol for the ground state of 13Al is 2 P1/ 2 . Under the action of a strong magnetic field
(when L-S coupling can be neglected) the ground state energy level will split into
(1) 3 levels (2) 4 levels (3) 5 levels (4) 6 levels
state m ms m  2ms
Soln. 2 1 ½,  ½ 2, 0
P1/2
0 ½,  ½ 1, 1
   1, s  ½  1 ½,  ½ 0, 2
Out of the given 6 states, 2 states have same energy shift due to strong magnetic field. Therefore, the ground
state energy level will split into five levels.
75. A uniform linear monoatomic chain is modeled by a spring-mass system of masses m separated by nearest
neighbor distance a and spring constant m02 . The dispersion relation for this system is
  ka   2  ka 
(1) (k )  20  1  cos    (2) (k )  20 sin  
  2   2 
 ka   ka 
(3) (k )  20 sin   (3) (k )  20 tan  
 2   2 
Soln. Frequency of monoatomic one dimensional lattice is given by
4c  ka 
 k   sin  
m  2
where ‘c’ is the force constant (spring constant)
But c  m02
4m02  ka   ka 
 k   sin      k   20 sin  2 
m  2 
Correct answer is (3).

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1

PHYSICAL SCIENCE NET - DECEMBER 2013 (BOOKLET-C)

(1) 0 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4) 4

Correct answer is (1)

(1) 20 cm (2) 18 cm (3) 21 cm (4) cannot be determined.

from given figure.

Note: The diagram is a circle inside a square.

(1) zero (2) DC from A to B

Hence, centre is negatively charged and edge is positvely charged.

Correct answer is (2)

First order correction to energy of the nth state.

The non-zero contribution comes only from m   n  1 and  n  1

Since, Lˆz nm  m nm

The number of ways = 2

 y   A, B, C  C ,  A, B

Correct answer is (2)

Correct answer is (2)

Correct answer is (1)

Taking v  x , and c  1 , we get

(1) g / (h  R) tan  (2) g / (h  R)

Vi  5sin 100t  ,   103

Correct answer is (4)

Soln. 1  600 nm, 2  700 nm

1 101  600  3600

1 3RN (1) 1 5 RN (2)

5 N (2) 3 N (1) N (1) N (2)

If U 1 is the energy of first system in thermal equilibrium then

Correct answer is (2)

constant. The average value of (v x  v y ) 2 , where  and  are constants, is

Correct answer is (3)

Correct answer is (3)

Therefore, using Newton’s law we get Net force  mx

Using binomial expansion {keep only upto x 2 term}

55. The intrinsic electric dipole moment of a nucleus ZA X

Correct answer is (2)

Correct answer is (d).

Now, we know, Lˆ nm     m    m  1  nm1

(1) L2x  0 (2) 0  L2x   2  2

2 (  1) 2  2 (  1) 2

Soln. Lˆ2x  Lˆ2y  Lˆ2  Lˆ2z      1  2  m 2  2

Soln. Potential is given by V  r , ,    f  r  cos 

 r 2 f " r   2rf '  r   2 f  r   0 ... (i)

The conductivity   pe µ p  11021 1.6  1019  8 1m 1

There are two Quad.

The shift in energy  E  E 0  E 1  E  2 

E   = first order correction in energy

E   = second order correction in energy

Perturbation, V pert  aL2

The shift in energy = 2 2

Given : V pert  aLˆ2 is added to a hydrogen atom potential.

First order correction to energy of the 2p state  n  2,   1

En   2 P aLˆ2 2 P  a    1  2  2a 2

Second order correction to energy of the 2P state  n  2,   1

Therefore, the shift in the energy level  En1  En 2   2a2

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