PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

AND ETHICAL STANDARD

CRS4
 ETHICAL ISSUES ON THE POLICE
POLICE CORRUPTION
• Abuse of one’s authority, position, or power to gain
questionable advantage or wealth.

• Acts involving the misuse of authority by a police

officer in a manner designed to produce personal
gain for himself or others.

• It is the misuse of authority for personal gain

committed by a person who enforces the law
 MAJOR CATEGORIES OF CORRUPTION ENGAGE
IN BY THE POLICE:
1. Negotiable Graft – the mutual bargaining behavior engage in
between officer and criminals.
2. Extortion – practice of solicitation of money and favors by officers in
return for ignoring violations of the law.
3. Acceptance of Petty Bribes – a familiar situation is that of motorist
who stopped for traffic violation, the motorist offers an officer a small
bribe.
4. Moonlighting – act of a member of the PNP or occupation, or the
act of engaging in any business, which includes but not limited to all
activities, jobs, work or similar functions, performed, engaged in or
undertaken by him, in or off duty hours with or without
compensation, which or incompatible with the PNP duties and/or
functions. It happens most of the time in the roads.
 MAJOR CATEGORIES OF CORRUPTION ENGAGE
IN BY THE POLICE:
5. Oppression – imports an act of cruelty severity, unlawful
execution, or excessive use of authority.
6. Slippery Slope – part of corruption continuum, wherein an
honest police officer turns bad due to repeatedly accepting
free meals, free fare, and similar insignificant acts of small
indiscretion which lead to serious misbehaviour and finally
corruption.
7. Taking kickbacks and similar rewards - It is the money or
something of value given to the officer by a “business” in
exchange for consideration.
 TYPES OF CORRUPT POLICE
1. White Knights - These policemen are straightforward
fellow.

2. Straight Shooters- These are honest policemen who

are ready to hide the corrupt practices of their
comrades as part of camaraderie.

3. Grass Eaters or Vegetarian Cops– are police

officers who engage in relatively minor type of
corruption opportunities as they present themselves.
 TYPES OF CORRUPT POLICE
4. Meat Eaters or Carnivorous Cops - are police officers who
actively seek out corruption opportunities and engaged in
both minor and major patterns of corruption.

5. Rogues – called “Hoodlums in Uniforms” or “Scalawags”

are policeman who possess all the deviant behavior of a
corrupt cop.

6. Blue wall of Silence – to denote the unwritten rule that

purportedly exist among police officers not to report on a
colleague’s errors, misconducts, or crimes, including police
brutality.
 CAUSES OF POLICE CORRUPTION
1. Branch of the Department to which the
officer is assigned
2. Area to which an officer is assigned
3. Character of the Police
4. Rank
5. Police Attitude
6. Police Officer Clientele
7. Leadership
 A. OCCUPATIONAL DEVIANCE
Law enforcement profession is the kind
of work that is most susceptible to
occupational deviances because of the
special privilege of the job which is the
authority to enforce the law. Many people
could not cope up with the law or some
violate it by mere ignorance.
 TYPES OF POLICE DEVIANCE
1. Police Gratuity (mooching)

2. Chiseling- Demanding free or discounted

admission to sporting events or other events not
connected with police duties;

3. Police Shakedown--Stealing expensive items for

personal use, as from a crime scene, and attributing
their loss to criminal activity;
 TYPES OF POLICE DEVIANCE
4. Police Perjury

5. Police Brutality

6. Police Profanity

7. Misuse of Confidential Information

 FRAME-UP
Instigation
Planting of evidence
 POLICE MISCONDUCT
1. Brutality
2. Sexual Misconduct
3. Police Lying
a. Accepted Lying
b. Tolerated Lying
c. Deviant Lying
d. Other Classes:
i. Police Placebo
ii. Blue Lie
4. Use of Drugs
 SEX ON DUTY OR DUTY RELATED SEXUAL
MISCONDUCTS
• traffic stops — to get a closer look at the female or
information about her
• fox hunting — stopping college girls to get the I’ll do
anything routine
• voyeurism — window peeping or interrupting lovers lane
couples victim
• re-contacts — consoling victims who have psychological
needs opposite sex strip searches — touching and/or sex
with jail inmates
• sexual shakedowns — letting prostitutes go if they perform
sex acts
 POLICE SLEEPING ON DUTY
• traffic stops — to get a closer look at the female or
information about her
• fox hunting — stopping college girls to get the I’ll do
anything routine
• voyeurism — window peeping or interrupting lovers lane
couples victim
• re-contacts — consoling victims who have psychological
needs opposite sex strip searches — touching and/or sex
with jail inmates
• sexual shakedowns — letting prostitutes go if they perform
sex acts
POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
 WHAT IS COMMUNITY?

Refers to the civilian populace or the public in

general, and shall be used interchangeably with the
terms, public, citizenry, society and private sectors. A
body of people organized into political, municipal or
social unity or a body of persons living in the same
locality. Derived from the Latin word “communis”
which means “common” and “tatis” which means
“fellowship”.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS:

Police Community Relations - It is the sum total of

dealings of the police with the people it serves and
whose goodwill and cooperation it craves for the
greatest possible efficiency in public service.
Human Relations - Consists of those fundamental
precepts, both moral and legal, which govern the
relationships of man in all aspects of life
 BACKGROUND ON POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS

Section 2 of the RA 6975 reads:

Sec. 2.DECLARATION OF POLICY – it is hereby declared to be the policy
of the State to promote peace and order, ensure public safety and
further strengthen local government capability aimed towards the
effective delivery of the basic services to the citizenry through the
establishment of a highly efficient and competent police force that is
national in scope and civilian in character. Towards this end, the state
shall bolster a system of coordination and cooperation among the
citizenry, local executives and the integrated law enforcement and
public safety agencies created under this act.
 BACKGROUND ON POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS

Said provision was later amended by RA 8551, which

reads:
Sec 2.DECLARATION OF POLICY AND PRINCIPLES – it is
hereby declared the policy of the state to establish a
highly efficient and competent police force which is
national in scope and civilian in character administered
and controlled by a National Police Commission. The
Philippine National Police (PNP) shall be a community
and service oriented agency responsible for the
maintenance of peace and order and public safety.
 PNP VISION

The men and women of the PNP is committed

to a vision of a professional, dynamic and
highly motivated Philippine National Police
working in partnership with a responsive
community towards the attainment of a safe
place to live, work, invest and do business with
 PNP MISSION

To enforce the law,

to prevent and control crimes,
to maintain peace and order, and
to ensure public safety and internal security
with the active support of the community.
 PNP MISSION

To enforce the law,

to prevent and control crimes,
to maintain peace and order, and
to ensure public safety and internal security
with the active support of the community.
 THE BASIS OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATION
1.The primary object of an efficient police officer is the
prevention of crime; the rest, that of detection and
punishment of offenders if crime is committed. To this ends all
the efforts of the police must be directed.
2. The protection of life and properties, the preservation of
Public tranquility, and the absence of crime will prove
whether those efforts have been successful, and whether the
objects for which the police were appointed have been
maintained.
3. Every member of the police force must remember that his
duty is to protect and help members of the community, no
less than to apprehend guilty persons.
 THE BASIS OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATION
4. Consequently, while prompt to prevent crime and
arrest criminals, he must consider himself as a servant and
guardian of the community and treat all law- abiding
citizens, irrespective of their social position with unfailing
patience and courtesy.
5. The police officer in this way, secures the object he has
planned is a more useful police officer than his comrade
who relying too much on the assertion to his authority,
runs the risk of seeing that authority challenged, and
possibly, for the time being, overborne.
6. If persuasion proves unavailing, a resort to force may
become necessary, as it is imperative that a police
officer on being required to take actions shall act with
the firmness necessary to render his action effective.
POLICE COMMUNITY RELATION
 POLICE COMMUNITY RELATION

It is the sum total of dealings of the police

with the people it serves and whose
goodwill and cooperation it craves for the
greatest possible efficiency in public
service.
TYPES OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
TYPES OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
TYPES OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
TYPES OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
TYPES OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
TYPES OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
TYPES OF POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS
MASSCOM
• It is designed to influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes,
and behavior of the public so that they will behave in a
manner beneficial to the police service.

PROPAGANDA
• It is the planned use for the public or a mass communication
for a public purpose.
 PUBLIC INFORMATION PROGRAM

This is basic ingredient in effective police

community relations. The public must kept well-
informed so that it will understand and
appreciate the complexities of police work and
the good service the police renders to the
community. This is possible through the use of
media.
 MEDIUM USE IN PUBLIC INFORMATION
PROGRAM

1. Personal Media – it consist of face-to-face

communication which includes meetings, rallies,
speeches and house-to-house visits. This is the most
practical medium to use in the provinces.
Public rallies maybe conducted by qualified PNP
members where they can speak on matters
pertaining to the police that the public should
know.
 MEDIUM USE IN PUBLIC INFORMATION
PROGRAM

2. Mass Media – it includes printed matter and

audio-visual communications.
a) Printed matters – it includes all
information disseminated and printed in
graphic forms using words of pictures which
may take the form of leaflets, letters, posters,
banners, signs, pamphlets, magazines,
newspapers, books and objects.
 MEDIUM USE IN PUBLIC INFORMATION
PROGRAM
2. Mass Media – it includes printed matter and
audio-visual communications.
b) Audio-Visual Communications – it implies the
use of radio, television, motion pictures, slide,
transparencies, computers in transmitting
information to the public.
In the cities and in suburbs, printed matters and
audio-visual communication are more effective
because of big population which is composed
mostly of literate and sophisticated individual. The
facilities for such purposes are readily available.
 PUBLIC RELATIONS PROGRAM

Every PNP unit from station level up, shall have a Public
Relations Officer to look after the public relations aspects of
police work. It shall be the duty of the Public Relation Officer
to issue press release from time to time regarding the police
activities which are also of public concern.

The Public Relations Officer shall evolve and conduct a

Public Relations Program at promoting better and closer
relations between the police and the public. The essence of
public relations is simply good service and making the public
well-informed on the good work done by the police. It is
building a good image through actual commendable
performance, without inefficiency and corruption.
 PUBLIC RELATIONS PROGRAM

The mission of the Public Relations Officer is to

gain public support for policies and to win
friendly citizen cooperation in the program and
procedures of the police station in order to
facilitate the accomplishment of Police tasks.
 DUTIES OF PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICER:

1. To evaluate public opinion and attitudes with respect

to the policies, methods, and personnel of the police
station.
2. To advise the police station commander with regard
to the public relations aspects of new or revised
department programs, policies, procedures and
activities.
3. To plan and to carry out programs aimed at keeping
the public informed on police activities.
4. To furnish a staff supervision of all police activities that
may influence public support.
 CIVIC ACTION PROGRAM

Consistent with the facilities at its disposal, all

PNP units shall conduct civic action program.

The Civic Action Program is one which makes

policemen a friend, and partner of the people for
progress as well as their defender. It can range
upward from basic individual acts of courtesy to
disaster relief, to local assistance programs in the
concept of self-help, up to major engineering
projects.
 MASS COMMUNICATION PROGRAM (MASS-COM)
MASSCOM Program shall de designed to
influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes, and
behavior of the public so that they will behave in a
matter beneficial to the unit in particular and the
PNP in general.
Policemen should be equipped with a basis
knowledge of Mass Com and must devote time for
a “heart-to-heart” talk or dialogue with the people,
particularly the youth whom he shall strive to mold
into useful and law-abiding citizens.
 MASS COMMUNICATION PROGRAM (MASS-COM)
The PNP unit conducting the program shall condition
the citizenry to adhere to the laws of the land and
dissuade them from committing crimes, thereby
minimizing their chances to engage in criminal activities
and preventing them from being influences by the
misguided elements in our society.
PNP personnel are in good position to conduct
MassCom because of their direct contact with the
people in their respective areas. The PNP units in the
provinces know the ideological temper and peculiarities,
including susceptibilities of the people in their localities.
MASSCOM should be an integral part of police
operations because use of the force alone can never
single handedly solve the problems of dissidence and
lawlessness.
 OBJECTIVES OF MASSCOM
1. Develop a full media information dissemination
style in order to strengthen the bonds of friendship
with the citizenry and broaden public understanding
of the PNP.

2. Keep the public well-informed that the government

and the PNP/AFP and keep them aware of the need
for the PNP/AFP and the vital role it played in the
security and development of the country
 OBJECTIVES OF MASSCOM
3. Generate public support for the activities and
programs of the PNP/AFP and keep then aware for the
need for the PNP/AFP and the vital role it plated in the
security and development of the country.

4. Established rapport and good working relationship with

the media.

5. Develop a psychological environment whereby the

people will readily respond and support government
program which aimed to establish a democratically
independent, unified, self-reliant and progressive society.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS:
FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF LAW ENFORCEMENT
1. To maintain and develop the goodwill and
confidence of the community for the police.

2. To obtain public cooperation and assistance.

3. To develop public understanding, support and

appreciation for the services of the police.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS:
FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF LAW ENFORCEMENT
4. To create broader understanding and sympathy
with the problems and needs of the police.

5. To facilitate law enforcement and law compliance.

6.To build public police opinion in favor of the police.

7.To achieve the police purpose of preserving the

peace, protecting life and property and the
prevention of crime
 PRINCIPLES OF THE POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS

1. Public Support Must be Maintained

Every policemen shall be worthy of the publics
high trust by doing this job well and leaving nothing
undone through carelessness. He shall appear able
and willing to serve all.
 PRINCIPLES OF THE POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS

2. Public Resentment Must be Avoided

The policemen shall always have in mind the
interest of the public and shall develop friendly
relations by his good conduct he shall avoid any
occasion to humiliate, embarrass, annoy, or
inconvenience.
 PRINCIPLES OF THE POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS

3. Public Goodwill must be developed.

The policemen must be courteous, fair and quick
to assist individuals in the solution of their problems.
 PRINCIPLES OF THE POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS

4. Public must be Kept Informed.

The police must inform the public on the
regulations and policies of the police force and the
reason for their adoption.
INTERNAL REFORM AND GAINING SUPPORT
PUBLIC INFORMATION AND PROPAGANDA
OPERATIONS
TWO MAJOR COMPONENTS POLICE INFORMATION
AND EDUCATION
THREE MAJOR SUB-COMPONENTS POLICE COMMUNITY
AFFAIRS
THREE MAJOR SUB-COMPONENTS POLICE COMMUNITY
AFFAIRS
THREE MAJOR SUB-COMPONENTS POLICE COMMUNITY
AFFAIRS
 FIVE (5) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS INDIVIDUAL PUBLIC RELATIONS
1. Domestic Relations - consist of persons dealing with his
family, parent and immediate relatives with who he has to
have good relationship to deserve a respectable family
prestige and community relations.
2. Neighborhood Relations - consist of a persons dealing with
neighbors who constitute a vital link to good reputation in
the community.
3. Community Relations - consist of a persons dealings with
the citizens of the community, city or town where a person
lives, and his membership or contribution to the civic
organization or community associations in the locality.
 FIVE (5) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS INDIVIDUAL PUBLIC RELATIONS
4. Church Relations - consist of persons dealings in the
religious congregation or faith where he belongs. Religious
affiliation is necessary for the stability of moral principles.
5. Government Relations - consist of the dealings which a
person makes with the government and its various
instrumentalities. Recognition of government authority, its
laws and ordinances, as well as other public
responsibilities, are significant phases of an individuals
public relations
 FIVE (5) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS INDIVIDUAL PUBLIC RELATIONS
4. Church Relations - consist of persons dealings in the
religious congregation or faith where he belongs. Religious
affiliation is necessary for the stability of moral principles.
5. Government Relations - consist of the dealings which a
person makes with the government and its various
instrumentalities. Recognition of government authority, its
laws and ordinances, as well as other public
responsibilities, are significant phases of an individuals
public relations
 EIGHT (8) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS
1. Intra-Departmental Relations - consist of peace officers
relations with the officers and men of his own department,
his superiors, the station command as well as the
city/municipal mayor where he is assigned.

2. Inter-Departmental Relations - relations with other police

agencies consist to the enforcement of the law and
maintenance of peace and order, together with the
giving of information to the public on criminal and non-
criminal activities.
 EIGHT (8) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS
 EIGHT (8) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS

3. Citizens Relations - includes all dealings or contacts with

the citizens in relation to the enforcement of the law and
maintenance of pace and order together with the giving
information to the public on criminal and non-criminal
activities
4. Complaints Relations - includes a police officers dealing
with complaints, the techniques of interview, manner of
approach, and treatment of witnesses as well as informers or
assets.
 EIGHT (8) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS

5. Relations with Accused Persons - consist in the proper

treatment of suspects the recognition of their constitutional
rights during custodial investigation and the handling of
accused persons during confinement.

6. Relations with State Prosecutors or Fiscals - include a peace

officers duty to cooperate during preliminary investigations
and gathering of further evidence when so received by the
fiscals.
 EIGHT (8) CATEGORIES OF PEACE
OFFICERS PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS

7.Judicial Relations - consist of the Peace officers duties

toward the courts when appearing as a witness and the
honesty in testimony.

8. Government Relations - includes all his dealings with other

non-police agencies or officers of the government, both
national and local, in connection with official duties such as
request for verifications, coordination and whatever help are
needed.
 BASIC FOUNDATION OF GOOD
COMMUNITY RELATIONS

• The basis foundation of good community

relations is efficient service.
• No amount of publicity can cover tip
inefficiency or poor public service of the
police.
 REQUIREMENTS FOR GOOD COMMUNITY RELATIONS

1. Sincerity in serving the public

2. Full knowledge of the job
3. Deep conviction in the nobility of the
work
4. Sound police ethics
5. High standard of operations
 INTEGRATED POLICE ADVISORY COUNCIL

A council that involves local officials

and the citizenry in the preservation of
peace and order and the promotion of
public safety.
INTEGRATED POLICE ADVISORY COUNCIL
 COMPOSITION OF INTEGRATED POLICE
ADVISORY COUNCIL

1. Local civil officials

2. Representative of the judiciary
3. Representative of the Industrial sector
4. Representative of the Commercial sector
5. Representative of the agricultural sector
6. Representative of the religious sector
7. Representative of the youth sector
8. Representative of the educational sector.
 FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGRATED POLICE
ADVISORY COUNCIL

1. To advise the Commander on matters pertaining to

peace and order and public safety.

2. To recommend necessary measures to improve the

law enforcement system and public safety condition.

3. To assist the PNP in community relations, and public

information and in enhancing or promoting citizens
involvement in the preservation of peace and order
and public safety.
 FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGRATED POLICE
ADVISORY COUNCIL

1. To advise the Commander on matters pertaining to

peace and order and public safety.

2. To recommend necessary measures to improve the

law enforcement system and public safety condition.

3. To assist the PNP in community relations, and public

information and in enhancing or promoting citizens
involvement in the preservation of peace and order
and public safety.