PEOPLE – VEHICLE SAFETY

SAFETY RULE #5

“All internal and external vehicle routes

have pedestrian segregation”

Implementation Guidance

1 15-Jan-2019
5 – PEOPLE – VEHICLE SAFETY

All internal and external vehicle routes have pedestrian

segregation

• All People - Vehicle routes have detailed risk

Management assessments completed on a prioritized basis
• All significant People - Vehicle interactions have
simple controls in place to reduce risk
• Additional controls and improvement plans exist for
all known issues

• I always ensure that people and vehicles use correct

Supervisors walkways, roadways and segregation controls
• I always inform employees of changes to vehicle
movements in their work area

• I always use the correct walkways, roadways and

Employees other segregation controls

2 15-Jan-2019
CONTENTS
5 – PEOPLE – VEHICLE SAFETY ................................................................................................................ 2
CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................... 3
BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................................... 4
MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................ 5
5.1 All People - Vehicle routes have detailed risk assessments completed on a prioritized basis .. 5
5.2 All significant People - Vehicle interactions have simple controls in place to reduce risk ........ 7
5.3 Additional controls and improvement plans exist for all known issues .................................... 9
SUPERVISORS REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................. 12
5.4 I always ensure that people and vehicles use correct walkways, roadways and segregation
controls. ................................................................................................................................... 12
5.5 I always inform employees of changes to vehicle movements in their work area.................. 13
EMPLOYEES REQUIREMENT .................................................................................................................. 14
5.6 I always use the correct walkways, roadways and other segregation controls ...................... 14

3 15-Jan-2019
BACKGROUND
RULE All internal and external vehicle routes have pedestrian
segregation.
INTENT Opportunities to reduce traffic movements and reduce pedestrian exposure
should be considered. Where it is possible for pedestrians and vehicles to
interact, a risk assessment must be used to identify controls for separation or
segregation.
HISTORY
Incidents have occurred both internally and externally resulting in significant injuries or
fatality. Inspections reveal separation and segregation is sometimes insufficient compared
to the level of risk e.g. painted lines are used when the risk of contact with a vehicle is high
and physical separation or segregation would be more appropriate.

Elst – May 2013

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MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
5.1 All People - Vehicle routes have detailed risk
assessments completed on a prioritized basis
Safety Rules Audit
An external auditor will check for:
• Site assessments are carried out and the suitable controls have been chosen.
• Review the site risk assessments to determine if all ‘conflict areas’ have been
identified (see section 5 for what is expected regarding risk assessment / gap
analysis).
• Review the plan of the remaining actions to ensure the correct prioritisation is being
made and appropriate interim controls are in place
Scoring Guide (3.5.1)
1 - No - Nothing has been done.
3 - Implementation is at an early stage or there is a substantive lapse.
5 - Partially implemented. Not all People - Vehicle routes are prioritized and risk assessed, or
assessments not updated to reflect changes.
8 - Substantially implemented. All People - Vehicle routes have detailed risk assessments
completed.
10 - Yes - Substantially implemented and effective. All risk assessments completed, and effective
management of change with updated risk assessments for all People - Vehicle route changes.
Expectation
A detailed documented gap analysis must be completed against the following reference
document 05_Reference_02 – Traffic Management at Loading Bays. Using the table
provided (see below) and the excel spreadsheet (05_Form_01 – Probability Assessment) a
risk assessment should be made to determine the probability of pedestrians and vehicles
being in the same location at the same time. This should be used to determine the priority
actions required and to determine the type and suitability of controls.
If traffic management assessments have already been conducted using another method, a
review should take place against the guidance indicated.
To conduct the assessment:
1. Consider an area for review.
2. Identify the types of Conflict Zones 1-9 in the area under study
3. For Conflict Zones 1,2,3,5 calculate the Probability of pedestrians and vehicles being
in the same location at the same time.
4. Apply suitable controls as described
5. For the other conflict zones apply the controls as required.
The assessment is also available as a KEF (Key Element Forms) App template.

5 15-Jan-2019
Examples

Example of KEF (Key Element Forms) App Report

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5.2 All significant People - Vehicle interactions have
simple controls in place to reduce risk
Safety Rules Audit
An external auditor will check for:
• Major pedestrian and vehicle routes.
• Results of Risk Assessments.
• Standard crossing markings with good visibility.
• Signs or markings to direct or control movements.
• Crossings and walkways are adequately lit for visibility at night.
Scoring Guide (3.5.2)
1 - No - Nothing has been done.
3 - Implementation is at an early stage or there is a substantive lapse.
5 - Partially implemented. Not all significant People – Vehicle interactions have simple controls in
place to reduce risk.
8 - Substantially implemented. All significant People - Vehicle interactions have at least simple
controls in place to reduce risk.
10 - Yes - Substantially implemented and effective. All controls for significant People - Vehicle
interactions are maintained, and updated when changes occur.
Expectation
If significant issues are already known, or detailed risk assessments identify areas of High
Risk, then at least simple short-term controls should be implemented. These should include
clearly marked crossings on both internal and external major pedestrian routes, and
management controls that direct or restrict both pedestrian and vehicle movements to
reduce the likelihood of interactions.
Examples

Marked pedestrian crossing Marked walkways.

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Restricted access High visibility clothing.

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5.3 Additional controls and improvement plans exist
for all known issues
Safety Rules Audit
An external auditor will check for:
• Risk Assessments updated with Residual Risk.
• Standard crossing markings with good visibility.
• Gate controlled access if visibility is not good.
• Warning signs for drivers approaching pedestrian areas.
• Barriers directing pedestrians to safe locations with better visibility.
• Crossings and walkways are adequately lit for visibility at night.
• If the site has implemented a one-way system or identified where alternative routes
are required for pedestrians to avoid reversing vehicles
Scoring Guide (3.5.3)
1 - No - Nothing has been done.
3 - Implementation is at an early stage or there is a substantive lapse.
5 - Partially implemented. Not all People – Vehicle interactions have adequate controls in place to
reduce risk.
8 - Substantially implemented. Improvement plans and controls implemented to reduce risk to no
significant residual risk.
10 - Yes - Substantially implemented and effective. All assessments updated when changes occur,
and effective change control with no new significant risks introduced.
Expectation
Where significant risks are identified by the detailed risk assessments, controls must be
implemented to reduce the risk. A hierarchy of control should be followed, where the first
consideration is if the potential People – Vehicle interaction can be eliminated or avoided.
Next, permanent engineered solutions (group controls) are considered, such as barriers that
physically separate people from vehicles. Management controls and individual controls
should always be the last resort as these often rely on individuals always following rules or
procedures, such as following painted lines or wearing high visibility clothing.
Examples
All crossings on both internal and external major pedestrian routes, are clearly marked and
located with good visibility of any vehicle traffic. See detail in 05_Reference_01 – Potential
Conflict Zones and 05_Reference_02 – Traffic Management at Loading Bays.

Clearly marked with clear visibility of

vehicle traffic.
Physical barriers direct pedestrians to
the correct crossing point, and prevent
vehicles from cutting corners.

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Where vehicles exit buildings or approach corners where there is limited visibility the
walkway must place a gateway that causes the pedestrian to pause and look before
proceeding onto the crossing point. See reference document 05_Reference_01 – Potential
Conflict Zones.

In this example, an existing barrier (to protect the wall) was moved to protect pedestrians,
with gates added at the doorways where vehicles cross.

Gateway and change of direction Physical barrier separating pedestrians

around vehicle entry/exit. from forklift area.

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The hazards of reversing should be avoided where possible through the provision of one
way systems for site traffic. Pedestrians accessing areas where vehicles are reversing should
be provided with an alternative route with appropriate segregation (barriers) or access
should be restricted by lockable gates either temporarily or permanently.

Traffic systems are designed to eliminate reversing.

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SUPERVISORS REQUIREMENTS
5.4 I always ensure that people and vehicles use
correct walkways, roadways and segregation
controls.
Safety Rules Audit
An external auditor will look for:
• Communications to employees setting out the expectations, (team brief, monthly
topics, etc).
• Existing walkways and markings are maintained and not worn or illegible.
• How monitoring occurs (supervision, formal BOS, etc).
• Employees have received and understood the communication.
• Observe employees during site visits throughout the year.
Scoring Guide (3.5.4)
1 - No - Nothing has been done.
3 - Implementation is at an early stage or there is a substantive lapse.
5 - Partially implemented. Communications have been issued but several people have not adhered
to the walkways or routes and been observed during audit.
8 - Substantially implemented. The site has communicated the expectation at least annually and
following instances of poor adherence.
10 - Yes - Substantially implemented and effective. The site has communicated the expectation on
several occasions. Supervision monitor and challenge if routes are not adhered to.
Expectation
The site will have clear communications to all employees setting out the expectation to
utilise existing defined walkways and pedestrian routing. As a minimum, communication
should aim to reach all employees at least annually.
Where painted lines and markings are used, these need to be maintained in a legible
condition.
The site should have some form of monitoring or supervision in place to reinforce the
expectations. Additional communications should be used where adherence is poor.
If the site does not have any existing people and vehicle segregation, then the gap analysis
explained in the first Management Requirement should be used to determine the priority
actions required and to determine the type and suitability of controls.
Examples
Communications may include toolbox talks, team brief and regular communications.
Monitoring may be included in existing routines, supervision activities, formal behavioural
observations and near miss reporting data.

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5.5 I always inform employees of changes to vehicle
movements in their work area
Safety Rules Audit
An external auditor will:
• Check documentation of training and communications.
• Review use of the OSCAR board, and follow-up actions.
• Look for physical evidence of construction or other temporary changes that may
impact vehicle movements.
• Interview supervisors through a conversation to understand their awareness of
changes that affect vehicle movements and employees.
• Observe behaviour.
Scoring Guide (3.5.5)
1 - No - Nothing has been done.
3 - Implementation is at an early stage or there is a substantive lapse.
5 - Partially implemented. Not all the verification steps align, and substantial improvement is
required.
8 - Substantially implemented. Evidence from all the verification steps is aligned, and only minor
improvements are recommended.
10 - Yes - Substantially implemented and effective. Evidence from all the verification steps is aligned
and consistently maintained. No further improvements identified.
Expectation
It is important that employees know about hazards, like forklifts and vehicles, that are
present in their work area. While this is usually included in induction or orientation training,
employees soon get used to the usual and expected patterns of vehicle movements.
Therefore, it is critical that they are informed of any changes that occur.
Examples
• A production change may increase the number of times a forklift enters a production
area.
• Annual maintenance or an engineering project may block a route, requiring vehicles
to use a different path.
• A different type of vehicle may be on site, such as a crane or other heavy equipment.

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EMPLOYEES REQUIREMENT
5.6 I always use the correct walkways, roadways and
other segregation controls
Safety Rules Audit
An external auditor will:
• Check documentation of training and communications.
• Review use of the OSCAR board, and follow-up actions.
• Look for physical evidence of marked walkways.
• Observe behaviour.
Scoring Guide (3.5.6)
1 - No - Nothing has been done.
3 - Implementation is at an early stage or there is a substantive lapse.
5 - Partially implemented. Not all the verification steps align, and substantial improvement is
required.
8 - Substantially implemented. Evidence from all the verification steps is aligned, and only minor
improvements are recommended.
10 - Yes - Substantially implemented and effective. Evidence from all the verification steps is aligned
and consistently maintained. No further improvements identified.
Expectation
When the correct segregation controls are in place, employees are expected to use them
without taking shortcuts. This applies to both pedestrians and vehicle operators. Examples
of segregation controls include marked walkways and roadways, pedestrian crossings, and
separated pedestrian and vehicle doorways.

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