1

Complex Number
2

𝟏𝟑
07 Question
𝐈𝐟 i² = – 1, 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞 𝐨𝐟 ෍ (𝒊𝒏 +𝒊𝒏+𝟏 )
𝒏=𝟏
Solution Ans. 𝑖 − 1
3

𝟏𝟎𝟎
08 Question
𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐥 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝒂 & 𝒃, (i² = – 1) 𝒊𝒇 ෍ 𝒊𝒓! = 𝒂 + 𝒃𝒊.
𝒓=𝟏

Solution Ans. 95 + 𝑖
4

𝟏𝟎𝟎
04 Question 𝟐
𝟏−𝒊
𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐥 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝒂, 𝐛 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝒊 = – 𝟏. 𝐈𝐟 = 𝒂 + 𝒊𝒃
𝟏+𝒊

Solution Ans. 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 0
5

06 Question 𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐥 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 (𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝒊² = – 𝟏,  ∈ ℝ)

𝟏
𝟏 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 + 𝒊𝐬𝐢𝐧
1
Solution Ans.
2
6

07 Question 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒄−𝒊
𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝒂 + 𝐛 𝐢𝐟 𝒊 = – 𝟏 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄 ∈ ℝ 𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐨 = 𝒂 + 𝒊𝒃,
𝒄+𝒊

Solution Ans. 1
7

08 Question 𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝒇(𝟑 + 𝟐𝒊) 𝐢𝐟 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟒 – 𝟒𝒙𝟑 + 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟒𝟒

Solution Ans. 5
8
9

09 Question 𝐈𝐟 𝐬𝐮𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐫𝐨𝐨𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒊𝒑𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝒊 𝐢𝐬

𝟐 − 𝒒𝒊, 𝐩, 𝐪 ∈ ℝ, 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝐪.
Solution Ans. 𝑞 = 4
10

10 Question 𝐈𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟐𝒛𝟐 + 𝟐 𝒊 − 𝟏 = 𝒛 − 𝟏𝟎 𝐡𝐚𝐬 𝐚 𝐩𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐲 𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐫𝐨𝐨𝐭,

𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐫𝐨𝐨𝐭.
Solution
11

11 Question 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
𝐋𝐞𝐭 𝑨 = 𝜽 ∈ 𝟎, 𝟐𝝅 ∶ 𝐢𝐬 𝐩𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐲 𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐲 .
𝟏 − 𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽

𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐀 𝐢𝐬 [JEE MAIN-2023]

𝟏 𝝅 𝟐 𝟐𝝅 𝟑 𝟒𝝅 𝟒 𝟑𝝅
Solution Ans. (3)
 Content

Square Root of Complex Numbers

Algebra of Complex Numbers

Square Root

𝒂 + 𝒊𝒃 = 𝒙 + 𝒊𝒚

𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒙, 𝒚, 𝝐 ℝ
01 Question Find the square roots of 9 + 40i.

Solution Ans. ± (5 + 4i)

02 Question Solve for z : 𝐳 𝟐 − 𝟑 − 𝟐𝐢 𝐳 = 𝟓𝐢 − 𝟓

Solution Ans. (2 + i), (1 – 3i)

 Content

Cartesian form of complex numbers

Modulus of z

Arg (z) and Amp(z)

Representation of a Complex Number

Cartesian Form
Imaginary
z = x + i y can be represented by P(x, y). axis

P(x,y)

Modulus of z
Real
O axis
Length OP =|z| = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
Argument of z
It is angle made by OP with positive direction of real-axis in
anticlockwise direction and it is represented by

Imaginary
axis
 = Arg(z) P(x,y)

 Real
O axis

Least positive values of Arg(z)  (0, 2p]

Argument of z

Principal value of Arg(z) is called Amp(z)

where –p < Amp(z) p

Amplitude of z

Arg(z) = Amp(z) + 2np, nℤ

To evaluate amp(z)

If z = a + ib (a, b  0) and
Imaginary axis
𝐛
 = tan–1 𝐚

amp(z) = p -  amp(z) = 
0
Real axis

amp(z) = -p +  amp(z) = -
03 Question The amplitude of 5i is

(1) 0 (2) 𝜋/2 (3) 𝜋 (4)–𝜋/2

Solution
04 Question The amplitude of –p i is
(1) 0 (2) π/2 (3) π (4)–π/2

Solution
05 Question If z =1 + 𝟑𝐢 then 𝐚𝐦𝐩 𝐳 =

(1) 60° (2) 120° (3) 30° (3) – 30°

Solution
06 Question If z =𝟏– 𝟑𝐢 then 𝐚𝐦𝐩 𝐳 =

(1) 60° (2) 30° (3) 120° (3) –60°

Solution
07 Question The complex number
𝟏+𝟐𝒊
lies in which quadrant of the complex plane ?
𝟏–𝒊

Solution
08 Question 𝟏–𝐢 𝟑
If z = 𝟏 + 𝐢 then find z and amp z .
𝟑

Solution
 Content

Polar form & Euler’s form

Vectorial interpretation

Geometrical representation of z1±z2

Representation of a Complex Number

Polar/ Trigonometric Form

Imaginary
z = r (cos  + i sin ) axis

P(r, )
where r = |z| ;  = amp z
r
r sin
𝒛ത = r (cos  – i sin )
0 
Real axis
r cos

Note

cos  + i sin  is also written as CiS 

Euler’s/ Exponential Form

z = rei where r =|z|;  = amp(z)

𝒙 𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟑
ex = 1 + 𝟏! + 𝟐! + 𝟑! + ………

put x = 𝑖𝜃

𝒊𝜽 (𝒊𝜽)𝟐 (𝒊𝜽)𝟑
ei = 1+ + 𝟐! + + ………
𝟏! 𝟑!

𝛉𝟐 𝛉𝟒 𝛉𝟑 𝛉𝟓
ei = 𝟏– + –....... +i 𝛉– + –.......
𝟐! 𝟒! 𝟑! 𝟓!

ei = cos  + i sin 

Vectorial Interpretation

Every complex number can be considered

as the position vector of a point. 𝒋Ƹ
𝐏(𝐚𝒊Ƹ + 𝐛𝐣Ƹ)
If the point P represents the complex
number z then, 𝐎𝐏 = 𝐳 & | 𝐎𝐏| = |𝐳| .

𝒊Ƹ
O
𝐳 = 𝐚 + 𝒊𝐛 can be considered
as 𝐎𝐏 = 𝐚𝐢Ƹ + 𝐛𝐣.Ƹ
Geometrical representation of Z1+Z2

Imaginary axis

Z1+Z2

Z2

Z1

Real axis
 Imaginary axis

Z2
Z1-Z2

Z1

Real axis

Z1-Z2
10 Question If 𝒛 = 𝟒 and arg z =
𝟓𝝅
, then z =
𝟔

(1) 2 3– 2𝑖 (2) 2 3 + 2𝑖 (3) –2 3 + 2𝑖 (4) – 3 + 2𝑖

Solution
11 Question Write z = –1 – 𝟑𝒊 in polar form

Solution
12 Question 𝛑
Convert into exponential form 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟕 − 𝒊 𝐜𝐨𝐬
𝛑
𝟕

Solution
13 Question 𝒊𝛉
If 𝐳 = 𝐞𝐞 find |z| & amp(z).

Solution
14 Question Find |z| and amp(z) of the complex number z = 6(cos 310° – i sin310°)

Solution
15 Question If 𝐱 𝐫 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬
𝛑
+ 𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐧
𝛑
, then 𝐱 𝟏 𝐱 𝟐 … … . ∞ is
𝟐𝐫 𝟐𝐫

(1) –3 (2) –2 (3) –1 (4) 0

Solution
16 Question (𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛉+𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐧𝛉)𝟒
is equal to
(𝐬𝐢𝐧𝛉+𝐢𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛉)𝟓

(1) cosθ − isinθ (2) cos9θ − isin9θ

(3) sinθ − icosθ (4) sin9θ − icos9θ

Solution